8y CurumurLhy 88 ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 2 Landard aLmosphere for LesLlng W S1ANDAkD A1MCSnLkL ICk 1LS1ING 1he aLmosphere ln whlch physlcal LesLs on LexLlle maLerlals are performed W L has a relaLlve humldlLy of 63 + 2 per cenL and a LemperaLure of 20 + 2 C W n Lroplcal and subLroplcal counLrles an alLernaLlve sLandard aLmosphere for LesLlng wlLh a relaLlve humldlLy of 63 + 2 per cenL and a LemperaLure of 27 + 2 C may be used lber LesLlng -flbre lengLh -flneness -sLrengLh -maLurlLy -8lgldlLy -flbre frlcLlon -sLrucLural feaLures flbre lengLh Comb sorLer flneness lber sLrengLh lber maLurlLy flbre frlcLlon sLrucLural feaLures cannlng elecLron mlcroscope ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 18 arn properLles Warn counL Warn LwlsL Warn sLrengLh and evenness Warn halrlness arn LwlsL arn sLrengLh and evenness arn halrlness arn counL Llnear uenslLy W 1he Lhlckness or dlameLer of a yarn ls one of lLs mosL fundamenLal properLles W Powever lL ls noL posslble Lo measure Lhe dlameLer of a yarn ln any meanlngful way ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 23 Llnear uenslLy W 1hls ls because Lhe dlameLer of a yarn changes qulLe markedly as lL ls compressed W 8ecause of Lhese problems a sysLem of denoLlng Lhe flneness of a yarn by welghlng a known lengLh of lL has evolved ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 24 Llnear uenslLy W 1hls quanLlLy ls known as Lhe llnear denslLy and lL can be measured wlLh a hlgh degree of accuracy lf a sufflclenL lengLh of yarn ls used ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 23 ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 26 CounL CounL ulrecL ulrecL 1ex 1ex uenler uenler ndlrecL ndlrecL Lngllsh Lngllsh WorsLed WorsLed CounL ueLermlnaLlon W rrespecLlve of Lhe sysLem of yarn numberlng employed Lwo baslc requlremenLs for Lhe deLermlnaLlon of yarn number are ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 27 CounL ueLermlnaLlon An accuraLe value for Lhe sample lengLh An accuraLe value for lLs welghL ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 28 CounL ueLermlnaLlon W 1he meLhods deLermlnaLlon of yarn counL depend Lo a large exLenL on Lhe form ln whlch Lhe yarn ls avallable for LesLlng ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 29 CounL ueLermlnaLlon W or example when yarn ls ln form of rlng bobbln a long sample lengLh ls posslble when yarn ls ln form of fabrlc only a number of shorL lengLhs are avallable ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 30 ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 31 CounL ueLermlnaLlon CounL ueLermlnaLlon arn orm arn orm LengLh MeasuremenL LengLh MeasuremenL abrlc orm abrlc orm WelghL MeasuremenL WelghL MeasuremenL WelghL MeasuremenL W 8alances 1he analyLlcal balances and any oLher balances used ln deLermlnaLlon of counL musL be accuraLe and callbraLed Llme Lo Llme ln order Lo geL Lhe exacL readlngs ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 32 WelghL MeasuremenL W MolsLure MolsLure conLaln can affecL Lhe resulLs largely so lL ls very lmporLanL Lo do 24 hrs condlLlonlng of Lhe sample ln sLandard aLmospherlc condlLlon ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 33 8eesley 8alance W A number of speclal yarn balances are avallable whlch are deslgned Lo furnlsh Lhe a qulck esLlmaLe of Lhe counL especlally when only small samples are aL hand W Cne of such balance ls 8LLLL 8alance ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 34 8eesley 8alance ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 33 8eesley 8alance W 1he 8eesley 8alance conslsLs of a llghLwelghL beam plvoLed on [ewel bearlngs wlLh a hook aL one end and a polnLer aL Lhe oLher ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 36 8eesley 8alance W 1he beam ls lnlLlally levelled Lo brlng Lhe polnLer agalnsL a daLum llne W A sLandard welghL ls suspended ln a noLch on Lhe beam arm on Lhe polnLer slde ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 37 8eesley 8alance W A LemplaLe ls used Lo cuL shorL lengLhs of yarn Lhe lengLh dependlng upon Lhe counL sysLem requlred W 1hese lengLhs are placed on Lhe hook unLll Lhe polnLer comes agalnsL Lhe daLum llne ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 38 8eesley 8alance W 1he number of shorL lengLhs requlred Lo balance Lhe beam glves Lhe counL of Lhe yarn ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 39 8eesley 8alance W A LemplaLe ls provlded Lo glve lengLhs of yarn ln MeLrlc CoLLon Llnen Wool keln and worsLed counLs W 1he balance ls housed ln a sheeL meLal case havlng slldlng LransparenL anLlsLaLlc glass doors ' 2010 wwwvasanLkoLharlcom 40 abrlc performance LesLs lber composlLlon 1hread counL CM abrlc sLrengLh 1enslle sLrengLh 1earlng sLrengLh Abraslon reslsLance llllng LesLer MolsLure regaln AlrpermeablllLy LesLs WaLer repellency LesLs lame reLardancy LesLs lber composlLlon 1hread counL CM abrlc sLrengLh 1enslle sLrengLh 1earlng sLrengLh Abraslon reslsLance llllng LesLer MolsLure regaln AlrpermeablllLy LesLs WaLer repellency LesLs abrlc drape LesLer urape meLer by ammonla meLhod lameablllLy LesLs asLness LesLlng for fabrlcs asLness Lo llghL asLness Lo washlng asLness Lo rubblng asLness Lo persplraLlon