EE188L EE I Laboratory

Lab #4 KVL, KCL and Nodal Analysis

Lab #3 Overview

First Week

Simulation using MultiSim (see Multisim.ppt) Wye-Delta calculations Activity #2 Build circuit

Measure voltages, calculate currents Verify KVL (through step 10 of Activity #2) Verify KCL Change source voltage

Second Week
Activity #2 Build same circuit

Activity #3 Modify circuit using Delta-Wye Nodal Analysis Calculations

Multisim Window

Wye-Delta Transformation
c R3 R1 a Rc R2 c

a Ra Rb b

Delta or D
b

Wye or Y Y to Equations
Ra Rb

to Y

Ra Rb Rb Rc Ra Rc R1 Rb R R Rb Rc Ra Rc R2 a b Rc R R Rb Rc Ra Rc R3 a b Ra

R1 R2 R1 R2 R3 R2 R3 R1 R2 R3

R1 R3 Rc R1 R2 R3

Kirchhoffs Voltage Law, KVL

1 R1 2.2 k 2 R3 1.0 k R2 3.7 k 3 + + VR1 3V - VR2

VR3 + 0

R4 5.4 k

VR4 +

Loop (0, 1, 2, 0) V0,1 + V1,2 + V2,0 = 0 V -3 V + VR1 - VR3 = 0 V Loop (0, 3, 2, 0) V0,3 + V3,2 + V2,0 = 0 V VR4 + VR2 - VR3 = 0 V

For example: V1,2 = - V2,1 = VR1

Nodal Analysis 1
entering

leaving

A current is entering the node if the current is leaving the device. A current is leaving the node if the current is entering the device.

Nodal Analysis 2
1

R1 1.5 k

Apply Ohms Law (I = V/R) for R1:

current entering node 2 = (V1 - V2) / R1 current leaving node 2 = (V2 - V1) / R1

Kirchhoffs Current Law, KCL

1 R1 2.2 k 2 R2 3.7 k 3 IR2 IR4 R4 5.4 k

Shade indicates a node

IR1 3V R3 1.0 k IR3

IR2

KCL at node 2:
Ientering Ileaving I R1 I R3 I R2 V1 V2 V0 V2 V2 V3 2.2 k 1.0 k 3.7 k

At node 1, V1=3 v. due to source At node 0, V0=0 v. due to ground KCL at node 3:
V2 V3 V3 V0 3.7 k 5.4 k

Nodal Analysis
1 R1 2.2 k 2 R2 3.7 k 3 IR2 IR4 R4 5.4 k

Shade indicates a node

IR1 3V R3 1.0 k IR3

IR2

Substitute the known voltages into the equations that were obtained at nodes 2 & 3 Solve the two equations for V2 and V3 You can put the two equations in matrix form and solve using Matlab or any mathematics program (or your calculator).