Professional Documents
Culture Documents
139 Chapter 11 PPT Spring 2011
139 Chapter 11 PPT Spring 2011
Rogers (cont-d)
Note his emphasis on socialenvironmental causes of emotional maladjustment (in contrast to the biological approach), when he sees parental conditional acceptance. The Rogerian therapist would say to a client: I do not like what you did, but I still respect you as a human being.
Abraham Maslow
Abraham Maslow was interested in exploring the sources of happy, healthy personality. His approach was optimistic, regarding human beings as free-willed individuals, and not as captive by unconscious drives His contribution is in the hierarchy of needs, and in the study of the psychologically-healthy individuals.
Misconceptions about Maslow Hierarchy You do not have to fulfill all the needs in one level to climb to the next level Some people who starve for their loved one, or for their life work Te needs in each level are never fully satisfied There are cultural differences in the ways the needs are regarded and are fulfilled
The Psychology of Optimal Experience and Positive Psychology The legacy of the Humanistic Approach is in the emergence of the new branch of psychology, Positive Psychology This branch focuses of human virtues, strengths, resilience, and coping with adversity An important topic is the pursuit of happiness- What is happiness?
Applications
Rogers applied his ideas into a system of therapy that emphasizes the creation of the right conditions to allow the client to accept him/herself, and to achieve personal growth. Extending to the client unconditional positive regard facilitates this goal. Maslows hierarchy of needs has been applied into understanding job satisfaction and vocational choices.
Current Status
Though the Humanistic Approach was quite popular when it first came out, and though it introduced therapeutic strategies that are still applied today, its popularity had waned. The positive tone of the approach, that is seen as the forerunner of Positive Psychology, is certainly a plus.
Limitations of the Humanistic Approach Many of the concepts do not lend themselves for operational definitions and for scientific study. A great deal of the studies conducted by Maslow and Rogers to support their ideas were based on their own subjective impressions and intuition. The concept of free will has been challenged.
(cont-d)
Some researchers questioned the effectiveness of the Rogerian therapy (how do you measure success in therapy?). It may be more appropriate for people in life transitions than for deep-seated psychological disorders The appropriateness of relying on the client to make accurate appraisals of themselves has been questioned. The nave assumptions about the goodness of individuals.