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Bai Tap KT VI Mo Co Kem Bai Giai 6712
Bai Tap KT VI Mo Co Kem Bai Giai 6712
Bai Tap KT VI Mo Co Kem Bai Giai 6712
(1)
ED = (P/QD). (Q/P)
Trong : Q/P l s thay i lng cung hoc cu gy ra bi thay i v gi,
t , ta c Q/P l h s gc ca phng trnh ng cung, ng cu
ES = a.(P/QS)
ED = c. (P/QD)
a = (ES.QS)/P
c = (ED.QD)/P
a = (1,54 x 11,4)/22 = 0,798
c = (-0,2 x 17,8)/22 = - 0,162
d = QD - cP
b = 11,4 (0,798 x 22) = - 6,156
d = 17,8 + (0,162 x 22) = 21,364
Thay cc h s a,b,c,d va tm c, ta c phng trnh ng cung v c u v
ng trn th trng M nh sau:
QS = 0,798P 6,156
QD = -0,162P + 21,364
Khi th trng cn bng, th lng cung v lng cu bng nhau
QS = QD
0,798PO 6,156 = -0,162PO + 21,364
0,96PO
PO
QO
= 27,52
= 28,67
= 16,72
= 21,12
P =
22
Q =
17,8
S quota
6.4
22
a
b
8.5
D
0.627
11.4
17.8
19.987
* Thng d :
- Tn tht ca ngi tiu dng : CS = a + b + c + d + f = 255.06
vi :
a = ( 11.4 + 0.627 )x 13.5 = 81.18
b = x ( 10.773 x 13.5 ) = 72.72
c = x ( 6.4x 13.5 ) = 43.2
d = c = 43.2
f = x ( 2.187 x 13.5 ) = 14.76
=> CS = - 255,06
Thng d nh sn xut tng : PS = a = 81.18
Nh nhp khu ( c hn ngch ) c li : c + d = 43.2 x 2 = 86.4
Tn tht x hi : NW = b + f = 72.72 + 14.76 = 87.48
=> NW = - 87,48
3. Thu nhp khu 13,5 xu/pao. Li ch ca mi thnh vin ra sao? So snh vi
trng hp hn ngch, theo bn chnh ph nn p dng bin php g?
Mc thu nhp khu 13,5 xu/pao, nh hng n gi c a s lng nhp khu,
lm cho gi tng t 8,5 ln 8,5 + 13,5 = 22 xu/pao (bng vi gi cn bng khi p
dng hn ngch nhp khu cu 2)
Vi mc thu nhp khu l 13.5 xu/pao, mc gi tng v thng d tiu dng
gim :
CS = a + b + c + d = 255.06
vi a = 81.18
b = 72.72
c = 6.4 x 13.5 = 86.4
d = 14.76
Thng d sn xut tng : PS = a = 81.18
Chnh ph c li : c = 86.4
NW = b + d = 87.48
S
D
22
t
c
d
Pw
8..5
0.627
11.4
17.8
19.987
2002
2003
P
2
2,2
QS
34
35
QD
31
29
1. Xc nh h s co dn ca ng cung v cu tng ng vi 2 nm ni
trn.
H s co dn cung cu c tnh theo cng thc:
ES = (P/Q) x (QS/P)
ED = (P/Q) x (QD/P)
V ta xt th trng trong 2 nm lin tip nn P,Q trong cng thc tnh co dn
cung cu l P,Q bnh qun.
ES = (2,1/34,5) x [(35 34)/(2,2 2)] = 0,3
ED = (2,1/30) x [(29 31)/(2,2 2)] = 0,7
QD = cP + d
d = QD cP = 31 +10.2 = 51
PS1 = 2
PD1 = 1,7
QD1 = 34
PO = 1,8
QO = 33
Khi c quota xut khu, phng trnh ng cu thay i nh sau:
QD = QD + quota
= -10P + 51 + 2
= -10P + 53
P = 1,93
Q = 5P + 24 = 33,65
*
P
S
D
P = 2,2
P =2,09
1,93
1,8
D +quota
29
33 33,65
Thng d:
- CS = + a + b l phn din tch hnh thang ABCD
SABCD = 1/2 x (AB + CD) x AD
Trong :
AD = 2,2 1,93 = 0,27
AB = QD(P=2,2) = -10 x 2,2 +51 = 29
CD = QD(P=1,93) = -10 x 1,93 + 51 = 31,7
SABCD = 1/2 x (29 + 31,7) x 0,27 = 8,195
CS = a + b = 8,195
XK
XK
= d = 0,358
- NW = CS + PS +
XK
0,397P
3,921
9,88
Q
= 1,68
2. Thng d ngi tiu dng
CS = 1/2 x (25 9,88) x 1,68
= 12,7
Ton that vo
ch
P =14.74
B
P0=9.
8
Pmax
=8
Thieu hut
Q1s=1.14
Q1D = 1.89
Ta c : Pmax = 8/vsp
(S) : P = 4 + 3,5Q
8 = 4 + 3,5Q
Q1S = 1,14
Gii php 2: Tr cp cho ngi tiu dng 2/vsp & khng can thip vo gi th
trng .
P
PS1
P0
D
1
A
C
E
D
D
Q0
Q1
Ta c :
PS1 PD1 = 2
PD1= 25 9Q1
PS1 = 4 + 3,5 Q1
Suy ra : Q1 = 1.84 , PD1= 8.44 ; PS1 = 10.44
Ngi tiu dng tit kim c l:
CS = C + D = 0.5 x (9.8 8.44) x (1.68 + 1.84) = 2.4 t
Chnh ph phi b ra l :
CP = 2 x Q1 = 2 x 1.84 = 3.68 t
Kt lun :
Vy gii php 1 c li hn theo quan im ca chnh ph.
Vy gii php 2 c li hn theo quan im ca ngi tiu dng.
4. mi quan h gia sn phm A v sn phm B
Sn phm A:
Ta c Pmax = 8
th vo (S) : P = 4 + 3,5Q
=> Q1S = 1,14
Sn phm B:
Sn lng B tng : Q = 7,5 5 = 2,5
Hu dng bin ca 2 sn phm :
QB
2,5
2,5
MRAB =
=
=
= 4,63 > 1
QA
1,68 1,14
0,54
P
S
Pmin
A
P
0
D
D
Q
PS1
A
P0
=PD1
D
Q0
Q1
Q= (Q+(Q+Q))/2
P=(P+(P+P))/2
The vao (1) ta co:
E(P)= (Q/ P) x (2P+P)/(2Q+Q)
Theo e bai ta co:
E(P)=-1
P=2
P=2
Q=10.000/2 =5000
The vao ( 2 ) ta tnh c Q
(2)
E(I)= 0.5
I=25.000
I=5.000
Q=2.500
The vao ( 3 ) ta tnh c Q nh sau:
(Q/ 5.000) x (2x25.000+5.000)/(2x2.500+Q) = 0.5
==> Q = 238
ieu nay co ngha la ba ta tang tieu dung thc pham
t 2.500 san pham len 2.738 san pham
Chi tieu cho thc pham cua ba : 2738 x 4=10.952 $
3. Lieu khoan tien nay co a ba ta tr lai c mc thoa man ban
au hay khong? Hay chng minh (minh hoa bang o th).
ng vi I = 30000 => tiu dng = 30000/7500 => ng ngn sch dch chuy n
sang phi to ra im C , ng vi Q = 2738.
Nu C vt qua ng ngn sch ban u => tha mn tng
Nu C trng ng ngn sch ban u => tha mn nh ban u
Nu C bn di ng ngn sch ban u => tha mn gim so vi ban u.
Theos liu bi ny, ta thc C vn nm di ng ngn sch ban u nn ta
kt lun khoantientr cp nayvn khng abatatrlai cmcthoa
manbanau.
(I=30.000)
(I=25.000)
U1
U2
1000
5000 7500
154
E1
I1
100
294
E
264
154
I2
E
2
E1
I1
100
264
E
2
154
I2
E
2
E1
I1
4. T cu s
100
Thu nhp hin ti
1, gi s
hin
An
ang vay 50
triu ng
tiu
dng, anh ta
s cn bao
nhiu tin tiu dng trong tng lai? Nu li sut tng t 10% n 20% th
anh ta c thay i mc vay ny khng? Biu din trn th.
Ta c :
An vay 50 triu => tiu dng tng ln 50 triu => tng tiu dng hin ti = 150
triu
Li = 50*0.1 = 5 triu => tng s tin tr trong tng lai = 50 + 5 = 55 triu
=> s tin cn li = 154 - 55 = 99 triu
im cn bng tiu dng khi ny l B (150,99)
nu li sut tng ln 20% => Li vay phi tr = 50*0.2 = 10 triu => Tng ti n
phi tr = 50 + 10 = 60 triu => s tin cn li = 154 60 = 94 triu (thu nhp
gim)
209
154
99
100
150
85
70
50
15
30
50
100 X
Khi khng thay i gi kh t, ng thu nhp I khng thay i. Ngi tiu dng
ch mua kh t mc cho php ( khng vt qu 30 n v ) v tng mua th c
phm. Ta thy s kt hp ti u t im A di chuyn n im B, im C,...
20 30 50
100
ii.Tng gi kh t nhin bng cch nh thu cho ti khi ngi tiu dng mua ng
30 n v kh t.
Khi tng gi kh t nhin, ng ngn sch quay vo trong ti ng I 2, bi v
sc mua ca ngi tiu dng gim i.
Y
B
100
U2
I2
A
50
U3
U1
I1
30 50
100
Ta thy t l thay th bin MRS ln hn t s gi Py/Px => xut hin gii php
gc. Ngi tiu dng s tiu dng ngy cng t kh t nhin v mua cng nhiu
thc phm. tha dng s di chuyn ngy cng gn n im B v t c
tha dng ti a ti im B.
2. Phng n no trong 2 phng n ny s c ngi tiu dng a thch
hn? v sao?
Phng n 1 s c ngi tiu dng a thch hn phng n 2 bi v :
phng n 1, ngi tiu dng s t c tha dng ti u v s dng cng
lc c 2 lai sn phm. Cn phng n 2 ngi tiu dng t c tha
dng ti a khi ch s dng 1 sn phm l thc phm m thi.
P
D1
C: QU = 5.500 100PU
PU = (5.500 QU)/100
PU = 55 QU/100
Q/250 = 32
Q = 8.000
P = 31 ngn USD
Sn lng bn trn tng th trng:
QE = 18.000 400 x 31 = 5.600
QU = 5.500 100 x 31 = 2.400
Li nhun ca BMW khi nh gi ging nhau trn 2 th trng:
= TR TC
Trong : TR = Q x P = 8.000 x 31 = 248.000 ngn USD
TC = C + V = 20.000 + (8.000 x 15) = 140.000 ngn USD
= TR TC