2012 Foreign Policy Action Plan

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World Report: The Student Journal for International Affairs / 2012 Foreign Policy Action Plan
2012 U.S. Foreign Policy Action Plan for Grand Strategy and for Asia, Africa, and the Middle East Our Statement..3 1: Policy Implementation Around the Globe.3 1-A: Around the World and in General 4 1-B: Regarding the IMF and World Bank........................................................6 1-C: Regarding the UN..7 1-D: Regarding the ICC and ICJ9 2: Policy Implementation in the Middle/Near East and North Africa10 2-A: Israel and Palestine.10 2-B: Pakistan.12 2-C: Egypt14 2-D: Iran...14 CONTENTS:
3: Policy Implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa15 3-A: Sudan. 15 3-B: Nigeria.. 16 3-C: DRC/ Great Lakes Region and Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi 17 3-D: Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya19
4: Policy Implementation in Far East and South East Asia......20 * General Policy plans (4-E and 4-F) are conceived in the absence of real regional/national experts and are meant to be outlines used in conjunction with more detailed policy action plans* Summary of Statements and Intentions Matthew Bishop 1; 1-A, 1-B, 1-C, 1-D Matthew Bishop 2; 2-A, 2-B, 2-C, 2-D Matthew Bishop 3; 3-A, 3-B, 3-C, 3-D Matthew Bishop 4; 4-A, 4-B, 4-C, 4-D Baron Laudermilk 4-E, 4-F: Matthew Bishop Edited by Matthew Bishop AUTHORS: 4-A: China..21 4-B: Japan. 23 4-C: South Korea.. 25 4-D: North Korea. 26 4-E: General Policy for India. 28 4-F: General Policy for Indonesia... 28
OUR STATEMENT:
Our Action Plan is based on one belief more than any other: That the affluence of one American individual is not worth the prolonged starvation, displacement, poverty, unhappiness, oppression, or effective imprisonment of any community anywhere in the world. If humans are equal in a natural and original state of being, then it is illogical to presume that the current international system, whereby one person is able to throw away a dinner when two people are dying of starvation, is the proper one. Believing that we, as a world, have the power to change that system, and are thereby obligated to do so, we therefore propose this 2012 Foreign Policy Action Plan to lay out what changes will be necessary to begin the reformation we envision as fundamental to the ultimate incorporation of an entirely new kind of foreign policya policy that focuses on humanity rather than economy, on peace rather than war, on sustainability rather than profit, and on equality rather than self-interest. 1: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AROUND THE GLOBE 1-A) AROUND THE WORLD AND IN GENERAL we call for reform. We call for the United States to implement more fair economic policies that will allow the citizens of other nations to enjoy benefits of food, health, and education that are currently denied to them, and which will enable, rather than inhibit, self-sustaining economic
policies for other nations. Current policy intends to retain a structure of economic power that accords affluence to a sector of American society at the immeasurable and terrible expense of the majority of humans everywhere. This grand policy must change. SPECIFICALLY such a change as listed in 1-A will certainly require revised subsidy policies inside the United States. Empowering international communities and alleviating worldwide poverty will, in many cases, demand a rethinking of how we structure our own economy in both the domestic and international arenathis rethinking will take place mostly within the world of agriculture but will at times include industries, and it will be a rethinking on the most fundamental economic level that will demand certain sacrifices to succeed. Discussions of how to maintain the strength of the U.S. economy domestically will be a necessary adjunct of this revision. SPECIFICALLY the United States in general must be more open to visa policies that encourage, rather than inhibit, the growth of our nation. Visa policies should allow for more visitors but should retain necessary restrictions wherever they may be applied and retain additional monitoring for those whose background gives reasonable cause for investigation, as long as that investigation is not needlessly invasive. The behavior of the U.S. abroad should reflect the idea behind the implementation of new, more open visa policies. Immigration and visa policy must both become more open and
5 encourage the coming of those with higher educational backgrounds or those who seek a stable home in this country and come from an area of intensive conflict. Likewise nations around the world should be made aware of this shift in U.S. visa policy so that they may adapt their own policies accordingly, if they choose to do so. SPECIFICALLY the United States must put an end to its detrimental cooperation with illegal, abusive, or otherwise offensive regimes around the world. We call for our country, the United States, to denounce such regimes and to endorse the peaceful movements against those regimes as they come up. At the same time the United States must actively fight those regimes who threaten the general stability and goodwill of the world, regimes that so inexcusably violate the right to life of their own civilians that they cannot be considered legitimate partners in the international arena. ADDITIONALLY we call for regime change in Sudan and Syria, the use of peacekeeping forces in the Great Lakes region of Africa, an end to the US-Bahrain alliance and ICC investigations into Bahrains oppressive anti-protest actions, and an end to the US-Israeli alliance and stationing of peacekeeping forces in Palestine. ICC investigations into Netanyahus settlement actions should commence immediately.
6 SPECIFICALLY hard-line stances should remain the norm when considering policy toward nuclear arms and nuclear arms development in foreign countries, while at the same time maintaining a policy of worldwide nuclear disarmament should be the driving mindset behind this kind of policy. This policy plan recognizes the uniquely terrible potential of powerful nuclear weapons and encourages the United States to remain firm in its commitment to a nuclear weapons-free world.
1-B) REGARDING THE IMF AND WORLD BANK, as the United States is a major source of power for the IMF and World Bank, we seek to include revisions of these institutions in our statement. World Bank and IMF loans to recipient nations must seek to benefit the recipient nation exclusively, otherwise donor nation interests will always corrupt an inherently well-meaning action. World Bank and IMF funds, for example, should not be used to develop automobile industries when very few citizens of recipient nations can afford cars, simply because car companies are invested in the donation and seek some long-term return on their investment. Instead, those funds should be applied to the development of public transit systems that would benefit a much broader majority of the recipient nations population. Furthermore, in light of recent humanitarian crises affiliated with World Bank or IMF operations and donations, we call for the establishment of third-party watchdog committees, entirely unaffiliated with the World Bank or IMF, to look over and
advise on the progress of World Bank and IMF operations, specifically World Bank Structural Adjustment Programs. SPECIFICALLY we call for third-party investigations into World Bank-funded actions in Cambodia and necessary punishment for those responsible, and for immediate action against those responsible for the abuse of World Bank Structural Adjustment Program funds in Ethiopia. The destruction and devastation in Cambodia should serve as an example of how dangerous it can be to allow corporate interests to dominate the terms of a World Bank contract or to influence the way in which an SAP is executed. Recognizing also that the Ethiopian people have been coerced into a certain political viewpoint by being threatened with the suspension of emergency World Bank aid by the government of Ethiopia, we call for the United States to recognize that the government of Ethiopia may be guilty of crimes against humanity and in any case that the government of Ethiopia is certainly guilty of using World Bank funds to solidify and perpetuate a dangerous and violent one-party totalitarian state at the expense of civilian lives. 1-C) REGARDING THE UNITED NATIONS, the United States must concede that it is right for the United Nations General Assembly to have more power than the United Nations Security Council. It is inherently illogical to presume that the interests of five or twenty nations should be considered as more important than the interests of one hundred and fifty or two hundred nations. The United Nations should reflect the
belief that one human life is equal to one human life, a tenant we find undeniably necessary for the success of such an institution. This will prevent the UN from being seen as a tool of the United States and will also allow for a cooperation of nations that has so far been absent in our world. The UNSC must also admit India and Brazil as permanent members as they will be major world players in the coming century. SPECIFICALLY UN Resolutions should be as law. An international committee should be established that answers to the General Assembly and not to the Security Council, and which is also under the visage of the ICC and ICJ, that has the power to arrest war criminals and those who have partaken in crimes against humanity. By necessity this will be a multinational armed force that is kept isolated from the domestic politics of any one nation anywhere in the world. ADDITIONALLY the first act of this committee should be to seize President Bashir of Sudan. ADDITIONALLY the committee should have the power to establish sub-committees set to investigate specific issuessub-committees should be established, at first, for Syria, Israel, Sudan, DRC, the United States, Bahrain, Ethiopia, Burma/Myanmar, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Tunisia, Chile, Kony and the LRA, and Egypt, with the Egyptian, Chilean and Tunisian sub-committees being tasked with helping the
9 revolutionary movement remain peaceful. A sub-committee should also be established to investigate and respond to the violence in Pakistan, particularly in the city of Karachi. ADDITIONALLY each committee and sub-committee should have the independent power to act on behalf of the ICC, ICJ, UNGA, or UNSC. ADDITIONALLY officers in the armed divisions of these organizations should be volunteers, and not appointees, unless there is an absence of volunteers. Soldiers, likewise, should demonstrate their interests in working with these committees, unless there is a dire need of soldiers at a moment when there are few who are demonstrably interested in doing so. ADDITIONALLY the UN General Assembly should oversee the creation of these groups.
1-D) REGARDING THE ICC AND ICJ, the United States must acknowledge that international law exists within nations, and not only between them. Signing treaties which forbid torture, and then proceeding to torture, is illegal, and those who committed these crimes should be made to answer to international courts. Furthermore allowing U.S. allies to repeatedly break international law, to stand in defiance of the UN and international law, and to ignore the global dictates of public
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conscience is detrimental not only to the greater peace and stability of the world but also to long-term U.S. interests. 2: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN THE MIDDLE/NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: 2-A: ISRAEL/PALESTINE: RECOGNIZING that the general opinion of the vast majority of nations and the vast majority of people everywhere in the world is sympathetic toward the plight of the Palestinians, AND that hundreds of thousands of Palestinian civilians have been killed, displaced, impoverished, or stripped of their families and friends by the policies of Israel in the past ten years alone, this discounting their long and terrible history of being the victims of such terrible violations of such basic and treasured human rights, WE CALL ON THE UNITED STATES TO TAKE THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS: + Actively facilitate processes whereby Palestinians in the diaspora may obtain citizenship in their nation of choice. + Actively facilitate the right of return for Palestinians living abroad or living as refugees within the Occupied Territories. + Threaten to cut all military funding to Israel if Israel refuses to do the following: - - Immediately stop all settlement expansions Recognize the state of Palestine with pre-1967 borders
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11 Officially and actually end the military occupation of Palestine Try Israeli soldiers and officials who have committed war crimes or crimes against humanity in ICJ or ICC-mandated tribunals - Abide by the UN Resolutions and the dictates of international law that Israel has so far ignoredthat includes removing the security wall, lifting all sieges, allowing the regular and unhindered transportation of necessary food, medicine, water, and other basic supplies to the areas previously occupied by IDF, permitting right of return, acknowledging rights of native peoples, allowing for job employment and equal opportunity, ending the systematic campaign of political and economic disenfranchisement against Palestinians, etc. + Issue a statement, made free and available to the public through regular and accessible print and online forums, that details the statistics of death, poverty, displacement, etc., to reveal to the American public the reality of the situation in Israel/Palestine, a reality of which the American public remains shamefully unaware. The statement should be intended to reveal true and documented facts and does not need to advocate any position on any stance for any issue whatsoever. A third party organization, unaffiliated with Jewish, Muslim, Arab, Palestinian, or Israeli influences and specifically free from U.S. or Israeli political party or interest/lobby group interests should be established or recruited to promote the distribution of existing and true fact sheets, and this organization must be completely free of extreme radicals on
12 either endthere should be no first-generation settlers, no known terrorists who have engaged in violent acts for either Palestinian or Israeli factions, and no members of any lobbyist group or anyone affiliated with lobbyist groups, especially AIPAC, the Anti-Defamation League, and other known Zionist organizations, among the staff or affiliated persons of this group. Details of death statistics should reveal the exact number of Palestinian children killed, the exact number of Palestinian adults killed, and the exact number of those Palestinians who can be confirmed to have been carrying weapons through photographic or first-hand eye-witness resources. These statistics should be perfectly mimicked with the number of Israelis killed by Palestinians, and should include the number of Israeli soldiers who have knowingly and intentionally murdered unarmed civilian Palestinians, and should also document the true number of how many of those Palestinians were protesting and details on the manner in which those protests took place. Full, freely accessible on-line and print fact sheets should also provide full details on all Americans killed by Israeli Defense Forces in the past ten years.
2-B: PAKISTAN: RECOGNIZING the danger of a failed or collapsed Pakistani state AND that it is not practical to assume that any leader could retain control over Pakistan while declaring himself an open friend of the United States as that leader must control many violently anti-U.S. factions AND that the nuclear arsenal inside of Pakistan is increasingly dangerous AND that opposing Chinese-Pakistani and
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Indian-US alliances are detrimental to U.S. interests especially in regards to U.S.- Chinese affairs (see 4-A): SPECIFICALLY we suggest continued fiscal engagement with Pakistan and the gradual reintegration of a fraction of the suspended 800,000,000 USD/yr. SPECIFICALLY we advise a higher emphasis on civilian aid, whereas to this point a huge part of US aid to Pakistan has been allotted for military operations and has in many cases been ineffective. Many areas generally outside the center of the Pakistani government require civilian aid while the ISI and Pakistani military are capable of performing key operations without this aid, and in any case Pakistani forces seem unwilling to confront armed gangs in the NWFP and Northern Waziristan. SPECIFICALLY we suggest that disarmament be a topic for discussion in U.S.- Pakistani relations and U.S. aid requirements SPECIFICALLY we suggest the reformation of US-Pakistani visa policies, economic policy (requiring revision of US subsidies), and immigration policy. GENERALLY we encourage the United States to work more multilaterally with China, India, and Pakistan together in regards to both regional issues and Pakistani internal affairs.
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2-C: EGYPT: RECOGNIZING that Egypt remains in a post-revolutionary turmoil and is still vulnerable to further political violence, WE CALL ON THE UNITED STATES TO TAKE THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS: 1: Support the current and ongoing electoral process through any means deemed necessary to ensure stable and fair popular representation within Egypt. Encourage the civilian takeover of duties currently performed by the SCAF. Affirm that election results should represent a large number of parties and organizations and not give unfair advantage to the Muslim Brotherhoodconversely, affirm that the Muslim Brotherhood should receive the representation due to it. 2: After the elections, encourage the establishment of a second round of voting to take place before the end of January 2014. 3: At all times throughout this process remain ready and able to respond to any potential threats, RECOGNIZING that post-revolutionary environments always have the potential to revert to violent revolutionary crisis zones. 2-D: IRAN: RECOGNIZING that the Iranian people are more concerned with economic and political affairs than with whether or not their nation possesses nuclear weapons, WE CALL ON THE UNITED STATES TO respond to international
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and Iranian public opinion polls with action designed to promote good relations between the Iranian public and the American public. These actions include reforming visa, travel, and immigration policies, taking action to secure the rights of Palestinians, reforming trade policy, and affirmatively readjusting price indexes through domestic U.S. subsidy reform WHILE ALSO maintaining a firm stance against a nuclear armed Iran supported, if necessary, by aggressive means including, again if necessary, cyberattacks against nuclear centrifuges or aerial or ground strikes against fissile material or uranium high-enrichment facilities. 3: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN SAHARAN AND SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA CRISIS ZONES: 3-A: SUDAN: RECOGNIZING that President Omar al-Bashir is a threat to human security and one of the greatest enemies of human liberty and well-being anywhere in the world, AND that this president is responsible for the deaths of millions of civilians and the endangering of millions more: SPECIFICALLY we call for the United States to enforce the end of Bashirs reign and to help form a new government in Sudan through combinations of hard and soft power and direct military engagement. RECOGNIZING the potential for crisis in the Blue Nile, South Kordofan, and Darfur regions, and that all of these regions are right now experiencing crisis:
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SPECIFICALLY we call for the placement or strengthening of international (NATO, UN, AU) peacekeeping forces and for the placement of United States Armed Forces in these regions. We advise that this be envisioned as a peacekeeping mission in conjunction with the removal of Bashir and the formation of a new regime to ensure that these crises zones do not experience widespread destruction during or in the immediate aftermath of the transition. ADDITIONALLY we advise the prolonged presence of peacekeeping forces in Khartoum and the Abyei region. 3-B: NIGERIA: RECOGNIZING the ongoing conflict within Nigeria, especially between Boko Haram and the Nigerian government, with its inherent Christian-Muslim undertones: SPECIFICALLY we advise the United States to pressure the Nigerian government to facilitate the establishment and growth of third-party organization(s) composed equally of Christian moderates and Muslim moderates to monitor Nigerian electoral processes and to react to and issue action statements in regards to the conflict between Boko Haram and the government. The proposed organization(s) must receive funding from parties, governments, individuals or organizations who have a genuine and
17 demonstrated interest in a sustained peace and a fair political body in Nigeria, such bodies to be determined by the UN sub-committees outlined in 1-C. SPECIFICALLY we advise the United States to maintain close watch over the situation in Nigeria in conjunction with crisis zone watchdog groups (Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, United to End Genocide) and to maintain the ability to respond quickly in the face of widespread human devastation.
3-C: DRC/GREAT LAKES REGION AND RWANDA, UGANDA, BURUNDI: RECOGNIZING that his area of the world has been the most devastated, torn-apart, and depressed area of the world this past decade, AND that by conservative estimates nearly 6,000,000 civilians have been killed since the outbreak of war: SPECIFICALLY we demand immediate humanitarian intervention and the heavy and prolonged deployment of peacekeeping forces from the U.S., U.N., NATO, and A.U. AFRICOM, conceived as it is, should work more extensively with local organizations to provide peace and stability to the most war-torn and unstable place on earth. ADDITIONALLY the conflict-mineral trade within the DRC must be put to an end without jeopardizing the economic situation of those who
18 work in the mines. Organizations like the Enough Project should work with U.S. forces and local agencies to maintain adequate opportunities for jobs while pushing armed gangs out from their control of mineral resources. This should be the original mission of forces inside the DRC but the larger operation should not be limited to this objective. ADDITIONALLY the assassination of Joseph Kony and the elimination of the Lords Resistance Army must be made a top priority in the interventionist mission. The focus should be two-pronged: The United States and regional and international forces should engage the LRA in direct combat, while at the same time providing opportunities and real incentives for LRA soldiers and officers to reintegrate into societyeconomic opportunity, political enfranchisement, and security are all essential to this effort. These incentives must strike a balance and must not risk endangering the existing employment opportunities for non-LRA citizens. International and U.S. funding should be heightened and should work to establish jobs in public facilities (schools, hospitals, transportation facilities) and in private enterprise. The direct combat engagement must be swift, well- coordinated, and very heavy-handed, otherwise, as he has done in the past, Kony and the LRA will elude their enemies and take their retribution out by further destroying civilian areas and massacring civilian populations.
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3-D: ETHIOPIA, SOMALIA, AND KENYA: RECOGNIZING that existing systems of aid for displaced populations are inadequate AND that aid to Ethiopia in particular, the second-largest recipient of U.S. foreign aid, is being used for personal political ends and is oftentimes being denied to the Ethiopian people, AND that Ethiopias aggressive actions in the Ogaden must merit an answer from the U.S. and the international community: SPECIFICALLY we call for the suspension of U.S. aid to Ethiopia if the following conditions are not met before December of 2012 , and by that time verified to have been met by an international committee drawing staff from third-party watchdog associations, specifically Human Rights Watch and other organizations who have monitored Ethiopia in the past: + Aid from the World Bank, IMF, and U.S.A. must not be used to politically or economically isolate any segment of Ethiopias population, regardless of ethnicity, occupation, or political affiliation. This requires an overhaul of the current World Bank Structural Adjustment Program for Ethiopia. + The Ethiopian government cannot suspend emergency food, emergency medical supplies, clean water, economic opportunity, or political enfranchisement to any individual or group of individuals because of that groups or that persons ethnicity, occupation, or political affiliation.
20 + AU or UN peacekeeping forces must be stationed in the Ogaden to monitor the situation and to minimize civilian deaths in the ongoing conflict in that region. SPECIFICALLY the World Bank Structural Adjustment program in Ethiopia, infamous both for its financial cost and for its ineffectiveness, requires the kind of overhaul noted in 1-B.
SPECIFICALLY U.S. efforts in Somalia and Kenya should enable a higher capacity for refugee centers and enable them to contain more refugees and displaced persons with adequate upgrades in water, medicine, staffing, and transportation, as demonstrated by the recent and ongoing hunger crisis in this area. 4: POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN FAR EAST AND SOUTH EAST ASIA: 38% of the worlds population lives in this part of the globe. The two largest emerging economies in this region have not even come near to their projected maximum level of purchasing power. They are expected to explode in growth in the coming decades. East Asias economy is the most prosperous and successful regional economy in the world. Japan, South Korea, and China have made the region one of the most prominent industrial and financial hubs, where businesses from all over the globe are now moving to in search of a quick profit, and sometimes even to establish research and develop centers and their
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companys headquarters. The technology, innovation, and products that are originating from East Asia are comparable to the richest Western states, and are noteworthy by their ability to quickly develop strong militaries and orchestrate the construction of megacities. The U.S. must now pay utmost attention to East Asia to ensure its stability, access to free trade, and most importantly, friendly and lasting relationships with the United States.
4-A: CHINA: RECOGNIZING that the Sino-American relationship is the most significant bilateral relationship in the 21st first century, AND that the United States and China are the biggest economies in the world and also the two largest buyers of motor vehicles and oil, AND that both nations have a major economic stake in each other and the whole global economy, AND that the United States has an interest in ensuring the economic and political success of China, just as China supports the United States in maintaining a global economy and promoting a peaceful world order. AND that the pervasive problems and misunderstandings between these two global powers will require the United States to take a new course of action in dealing with China:
SPECIFICALLY we suggest actively seeking opportunities that foster further economic trade between the United States and Beijing: + Use high level talks and multilateral negotiations to incrementally push Beijing towards liberalizing its markets from state-owned corporations to privately owned businesses. + Pressure Beijing to allow United States companies to enter into Chinese markets that have been protected by the state, such as energy and banking.
22 + Encourage Beijing to establish a stable social net in order to persuade people to consume more products from the United States. + Immediately stop pressuring Beijing to strengthen the renminbi. Instead use multilateral talks and bilateral negotiations to incrementally encourage Beijing to let the reminbi float.
SPECIFICALLY we call for the United States to immediately threaten Beijing with economic sanctions if it continues to aid Irans production of nuclear weapons. Concrete economic penalties must be clear.
SPECIFICALLY we call for the United States to encourage Beijing through means of diplomacy to protect its peoples civil rights and govern with a nonbiased rule of law.
SPECIFICALLY we affirm the power of open dialogue and encourage the United States to do the following: + Clarify the United States position to Beijing about its intentions regarding Taiwan. Clarify that the United States does not want a war between China and Taiwan, and instead seeks for both partners to find common ground. + Clarify to Beijing that the United States has no interest in undermining the Chinese governments legitimacy as the governing body of China, and that it adamantly supports the One-China Policy.
23 + Pressure Beijing to diplomatically solve its problems regarding the South China Sea via high level talks. + Immediately begin frequent bilateral high level talks about counterterrorism. Encourage Beijing to play a larger role in rooting out radical terrorist organizations in the Middle East and elsewhere in the world. + Pressure Beijing to help restart the Six-party talks regarding North Korea. Clarify to Beijing that it is in the United States interest and Beijings to ensure that North Korea is a stable regime that does not disrupt South Korea or other states.
4-B: JAPAN: RECOGNIZING that the United States-Japanese alliance has been economically and strategically beneficial in the past and will continue to do so in the future, AND that it has also been a key factor in developing the economies of East Asia, AND that the presence of the United States in Japan is becoming more important than ever to balance the rise of Chinas economic and military might, AND CONSIDERING THAT: Despite Chinas rapid rise, the United States military involvement in Japan, which consists approximately of 50,000 troops, is unsustainable. As Japan has been able to focus its concerns in developing its economy, it has left its hefty security bill to the United States. But due to Japans domestic pressures to revitalize its military, its perceived military threat from China, and the United States ailing economy, it must begin to rely less on the United States security pact, and more on its own military to ensure its security.
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This Action Plan calls for the United States:
SPECIFICALLY to negotiate with Japan to find a reasonable way to alter Article IX in order to allow Japan to develop its military capabilities to balance the security dilemma that is now occurring in Asia.
ADDITIONALLY to maintain appropriate levels of troops in Japan, but incrementally withdraw troops while Japan replaces them with its own.
ADDITIONALLY to ensure that the Guam International Agreement is followed through with, transferring around 8,000 U.S. Marines from bases in Okinawa to Guam.
ADDITIONALLY to strengthen the alliance by setting a deadline to begin allowing Japanese troops into combat, especially against terrorism.
SPECIFICALLY to pressure Japan to negotiate with China to solve the territorial disputes in the South China Sea.
SPECIFICALLY to create a plan that that ensures regular Security Consultative Committee meetings (2+2) to reaffirm the common goals between the United States and Japan.
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SPECIFICALLY to establish annual meetings with Japan that consider methods and ways to fight AIDS and protect the environment.
4-C: SOUTH KOREA: The arrangement of the U.S-South Korea military alliance has been a controversial topic in South Korea since its formation. But the rise of South Koreas defense budget has allowed U.S. troops to return home. The United States handed over bases to South Korea in 2004, and has decreased its troops in the state from 37,000 in 2004 to 28,500 in 2008. But as North Korea develops nuclear weapons, and consistently becomes more of a military threat to South Korea, and as China becomes more aggressive in the region, the United States and South Korea have reaffirmed their alliance.
SPECIFICALLY to support South Korea in restarting the Six-party talks to persuade North Korean nuclear disarmament and disabling of nuclear weapons capabilities.
SPECIFICALLY to move the controversial military bases in the metropolitan areas of South Korea to the border between North and South Korea.
26 ADDITIONALLY to incrementally pull back troops as the South Korean army builds, modernizes and expands its military while maintaining a presence in South Korea as long as there is a possibility of war with North Korea.
SPECIFICALLY the United States must create an economic assistance package with South Korea that can be used to bargain with North Korea if they eliminate their nuclear weapons. The incentives must be clear, and should not be fully granted to North Korea until they have finished disabling their nuclear arms potential.
4-D: NORTH KOREA: RECOGNIZING that the spontaneous North Korean attacks on South Korean ships and abduction of South Korean citizens makes North Korea a key regional focus for the United States, AND that North Korea plays a critical role in U.S. foreign policy because of its being between China and South Korea, AND that the United States has consistently attempted to use a variety of methods to persuade North Korea to disarm its nuclear weapons, abandon its isolationist policies, and join the international community, efforts which have often and in large part failed,
SPECIFICALLY to hold talks with China and North Korea about taming North Koreas random outbursts and military backlashes against South Korea. Use high
27 level negotiations to find a way for North Korea to become a more responsible nation, with emphasis on North Koreas eradicating its nuclear weapons, opening up trade with international corporations, and receiving assistance in building its energy, natural resources, and other important economic sectors.
SPECIFICALLY to work with South Korea, China, Japan and Russia to persuade North Korea to rejoin the Six-Party talks. Reiterate to Kim Jong Il that if North Korea disables its nuclear weapons capacity, then the other parties will aid it in developing its economy and in utilizing its labor and natural resources to create a more prosperous nation.
ADDITIONALLY to reassure North Korea that as long as it is a responsible nation seeking to join and cooperate with the international community, the United States will aid it in developing its nuclear power plants. However, it must be clear that the United States will not do this as long as North Korea is threatening to invade South Korea or employ or develop nuclear weapons. For this to be taken seriously, North Korea must allow United Nations and IAEA inspectors to enter the country.
SPECIFICALLY to remain clear with North Korea that the United States sees North Korea as a legitimate nation, does not want a war with it, and that the United States is open to establishing relations. After these connections are
28 established, attempt to work out a peace treaty between North Korea and South Korea.
4-E: GENERAL POLICY TOWARD INDIA: RECOGNIZING that India has the potential for one of the worlds most dominant and promising economies but is being held back by multi-level official and non-official corruption and the low purchasing power of its population AND that India is plagues with pervasive poverty, WE CALL ON THE UNITED STATES to aim its policies at addressing these issues. Funding for environmental hazards (Pollution in important rivers, etc.) should also be increased. 4-F: GENERAL POLICY TOWARD INDONESIA: RECOGNIZING that Indonesia experiences many of the same problems described in 4-E but is in an even worse environmental condition, WE SUGGEST similar aims for U.S. foreign policy but with a greater emphasis on environmental clean-up funding and operations in cooperation with international groups like ASEAN and the IMF/WB.

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This Action Plan calls for the United States:

This Action Plan calls for the United States:

This Action Plan calls for the United States:

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