Surface area and volume of different Geometrical Figures

Cube

Parallelopiped

Cylinder

Cone

Faces of cube
face

face

face
1 2 3 Dice (Pasa)

Total faces = 6 ( Here three faces are visible)

Faces of Parallelopiped
Face

Face

Face

Total faces = 6 ( Here only three faces are visible.)

Book Brick

Cores
Cores

Total cores = 12 ( Here only 9 cores are visible)

Note Same is in the case in parallelopiped.

Surface area
Cube Parallelopiped

a a a a (Here all the faces are square)

c b
Click to see the faces of parallelopiped.

(Here all the faces are rectangular)

Surface area = Area of all six faces = 6a2

Surface area = Area of all six faces = 2(axb + bxc +cxa)

Volume of Parallelopiped

Click to animate

b a Area of base (square) = a x b Height of cube = c Volume of cube = Area of base x height = (a x b) x c b

Volume of Cube

Click to see

Area of base (square) = a2 Height of cube = a Volume of cube = Area of base x height = a2 x a = a3
(unit)3

Outer Curved Surface area of cylinder

Click to animate

Activity -: Keep bangles of same radius one over another. It will form a cylinder.

Circumference of circle = 2 r

Formation of Cylinder by bangles

It is the area covered by the outer surface of a cylinder. Circumference of circle = 2 r Area covered by cylinder = Surface area of of cylinder = (2 r) x( h)

Total Surface area of a solid cylinder

circular surfaces

Curved surface

Area of curved surface +

area of two circular surfaces

=(2 r) x( h) + 2 r2
= 2 r( h+ r)

Other method of Finding Surface area of cylinder with the help of paper

Surface area of cylinder = Area of rectangle= 2 rh

2r

Volume of cylinder

Volume of cylinder = Area of base x vertical height = r2 xh

Cone

l=

e nt h Sla

t igh

Base

Volume of a Cone

Click to See the experiment

Here the vertical height and radius of cylinder & cone are same.

r 3( volume of cone) = volume of cylinder 3( V ) V = 1/3 r2h = r2h

if both cylinder and cone have same height and radius then volume of a cylinder is three times the volume of a cone ,

Volume = 3V

Volume =V

Mr. Mohan has only a little jar of juice he wants to distribute it to his three friends. This time he choose the cone shaped glass so that quantity of juice seem to appreciable.

Surface area of cone

l

2r l

Area of a circle having sector (circumference) 2 l = l 2 Area of circle having circumference 1 = l 2/ 2 l

2r

So area of sector having sector 2 r = ( l 2/ 2 l )x 2 r = rl

Comparison of Area and volume of different geometrical figures

Surface area

6a2

2 rh

rl

4 r2

Volume

a3

r2h

1/3 r2h

4/3 r3

Area and volume of different geometrical figures

r r
r Surface area

r/2
l=2r

6r2 = 2 r2
(a o t) bu

2 r2

2 r2

2 r2

Volume

r3

3.14 r3

0.57 r3

0.47 r3

Total surface Area and volume of different geometrical figures and nature

r r
1.44r Total Surface area r
22r l=3r

4 r2

4 r2

4 r2

4 r2

Volume

2.99r3

3.14 r3

2.95 r3

4.18 r3

So for a given total surface area the volume of sphere is maximum. Generally most of the fruits in the nature are spherical in nature because it enables them to occupy less space but contains big amount of eating material.

Think :- Which shape (cone or cylindrical) is better for collecting

resin from the tree

Click the next

3r

V= 1/3 r2(3r)

V= r2 (3r)

V= r3
L n b t L h inwig t o g u ig t e h

V= 3 r3
L n b t Ha yin og u ev wig t eh

Small niddle will require to stick it in the tree,so little harm in tree

Long niddle will require to stick it in the tree,so much harm in tree

Bottle

Cone shape

Cylindrical shape

If we make a cone having radius and height equal to the radius of sphere. Then a water filled cone can fill the sphere in 4 times.

r r r

V=1/3 r2h If h = r then

V=1/3 r3 V1 = 4V = 4(1/3 r3) = 4/3 r3

V1

Volume of a Sphere

Click to See the experiment

h=r r Here the vertical height and radius of cone are same as radius of sphere. r 4( volume of cone) = volume of Sphere 4( 1/3r2h ) = 4( 1/3r3 ) = V = 4/3 r3 V

Thanks

U.C. Pandey R.C.Rauthan, G.C.Kandpal