Class E Resonant Inverter

ECE 442 Power Electronics

Mode 1 Operation Turn Q1 ON at t = 0 Turn Q1 OFF when vo = 0 volts

ECE 442 Power Electronics

For sinusoidal current,

Q7

77 .77
The current through the transistor (switch)

iT = is + io
The switch is turned OFF when the output voltage becomes = 0, and the current is transferred to the branch containing the capacitor.
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Mode 1

ECE 442 Power Electronics

ECE 442 Power Electronics

Mode 2 Operation
Q1 is turned OFF Diode D limits negative switch voltage

ECE 442 Power Electronics

Capacitor current becomes

iC = iS + io
When the switch current falls to zero,

dvT iC = Ce dt
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Mode 2

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Waveform Summary

ECE 442 Power Electronics

Example 8.9
A class E inverter operates at resonance and has VS = 12 Volts and R = 10 . The switching frequency is 25 kHz.
Determine the optimum values of L, C, Ce, and Le

Use MultiSim to plot the output voltage v0 and the switch voltage vT for k = 0.304. Assume that Q = 7.
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Optimum Parameters
R Le = 0.4001 s 2.165 Ce = Rs 1 s L = 0.3533R s C
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Example 8.9 (continued)

0.4001R (0.4001)(10) Le = = = 25.47 H 3 s 2 (25 10 ) 2.165 2.165 Ce = = = 1.38 F 3 Rs 10(2 )(25 10 ) QR (7)(10) L= = = 445.63 H 3 s 2 (25 10 )

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1 s L = 0.3533R s C QR 1 s = 0.3533R s s C 1 C= = 0.0958 F s (QR 0.3533R )

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Check the damping factor and resonant frequency

R 2L = R C = = 1 0 2 L LC 10 0.0958 106 = 2 445.63 106 = 0.0733 f0 = 1 2 LC = 1 2 (445.63 106 )(0.0958 106 )
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f 0 = 24.39kHz

Example 8.9
XSC1
G T A B

Le 25.47uH

C 0.0958uF

L 445.63uH

XFG1
Q1 Vs 12 V Rb 500 Ohm BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL*

Ce 1.38uF

R 10 Ohm

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Switch Voltage

Load Voltage

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Class E Resonant Rectifier

vs = Vm sin t
for power factor correction

very large

Vo constant
17

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Mode 1 Operation -- D1 OFF

vLC = Vs sin t Vo

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Mode 2 Operation -- D1 ON

vL = Vs sin t Vo iL = I m sin(t ) Io
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D1 switches OFF at 0 volts (0 voltage switching)

When the current iL falls to 0, the diode turns OFF.

When iL falls below Io, C discharges via D1 At turn-off, iD=iL=0 and vD=vC=0. The capacitor current, iC=C(dvC/dt)=0, or (dvC/dt) = 0.
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Waveform Summary

iL = iC + iD

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Example 8.10
A Class E rectifier supplies a load power of PL=400mW at Vo=4V. The peak supply voltage is Vm=10V. The supply frequency is f=250kHz. The peak-to-peak ripple on the dc output voltage is Vo=40mV. Determine the values of L, C, and Cf. Determine the rms and dc currents of L and C.
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Example 8.10 (continued)

Choose C=10nF. The resonant frequency will be 250kHz. Details on the following slide

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2 LC 1 1 L= 2 2 = 2 = 40.6 H 3 2 9 4 f 0 C 4 (250 10 ) (10 10 ) V02 PL = R V02 42 R= = = 40 3 PL 400 10 I0 = V0 4 = = 100mA R 40 I0 2 fC f

f0 =

V0 =

I0 100 103 Cf = = = 5 F 3 3 2 f V0 2(250 10 )(40 10 )

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2 2 2 I rms = I dc + I rms1 + I rms 2 + ...

V0 4 I dc = I 0 = = = 100mA R 40 Vm 10 Im = = = 250mA R 40 2502 I L ( rms ) = 1002 + = 203.1mA 2 I L ( dc ) = 100mA 250 I C ( rms ) = = 176.78mA 2 I C ( dc ) = 0
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Example 8.10 (MultiSim)

XSC1
G T A B

XSC2
G T

C 10nF

L 40.5uH

Rsample 1 Ohm

D1 DIODE_VIRTUAL

Vs 7.07 V 250kHz 0Deg Cf 5uF R 40 Ohm + U1 V DC 1MOhm

3.812

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Load Current 500 mAp-p

Load Voltage 50 mVp-p

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