Assignment No: 1 of MTH202 (Fall 2011)

Name :Sudhir Shahzad ID : MC080204190 Question 1 Show that ~(p (~p q)) Solution ~(p (~p q)) ~p ~q

Marks : 5 ~p ~q by using laws of logic

L.H.S ~(p (~p q)) = ~p (~(~p q)) implying De Morgans Law on ~(p (~p q)) = ~p (~(~p) ~q) implying De Morgans Law on ~(~p q) = ~p (p ~q) Double Negative Law on ~(~p) = (~p p) (~p ~q) Distributive Law = c (~p ~q) Negation Law = ~p ~q Identity Law = R.H.S Hence the proof L.H.S = R.H.S i.e. ~(p (~p q)) ~p ~q

Question 2 Construct a logical circuit and truth table for the given statement; ((P Q) (~P ~Q)) (P ~R) Solution Logical Circuit .

Marks : 10

Truth Table P 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Q 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 R 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ~P 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 ~Q 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 ~R 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

(P Q) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

(~P ~Q) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

(P Q) (~P ~Q) 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

(P ~R) 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1

((P Q) (~P ~Q)) (P ~R) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Question 3 Prove that (AcB)c (AB) = A (Hint: dont specify by taking sets, use general approach) Solution L.H.S (AcB)c (AB)

Marks :5

= = = = = =

((Ac)c (B)c) (A B) (A Bc) (A B) A (Bc B) A A R.H.S

(DeMorgans Law) (Double complements law) (Distributive Law) (Complement Law) (Identity Law)

Hence the prove L.H.S = R.H.S i.e. (AcB)c (AB) = A