Koodikkazhcha

Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
sN-dn-b-ap-w- A-_v-Zp- l-ao-Zv- a-Z-\n-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N(tNm-tZym--c-)-
\nv Hm^v {Sqv
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
koodikazcha (malayalam) author: cheriyamundam abdul hameed madani first edition: november 2002 publishers: niche of truth, kalabhavan road, kochi-18. cover page: yoonus.k.k type setting: creative media printing: screen offset, cochin-18
Cu- tem-In-s\m-cp- {kjv-Sm-hp-v Po-h- \-Inhmbp-hpw- shhpw- ku-Icy-sSp-n- `q-an-sb Po-hn-XtbmKyam-n-b ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b {kjv-Sm-hv- \mw- Chn-sS Fs\ Po-hn-Wsapw- Cu- Po-hn-Xn-s-d ]caeywFspw- Zq-Xm- ap-tJ\ {kjvSm-hv- \s ]Tn-n-p.- \psS Po-hn-Xn-s-d IWv- acWtijw- \mw- {kjvSm-hn-sd ap-n- t_m-[n-n-tn-hcpw.- Av- ]p-Wyw- sNbv-Xh\v\bpw- ]m-]w- sNbv-Xh\v- Xn-bpw- {]Xn-êw- In-pw.- AXn\m- {kjv-Sm-hv- Xs-d Zq-Xcn-eq-sS \-In-b \n-tZia\p kcn-v- Po-hn-p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-s-d cm-am-Kw.\p-sS tem-I {kjvSm-hv- \-In-b \n-tZi kw-ln-Xbm Wv- Jp-B.- ap-lZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS Ah- B ktiwa\p-jy-sn-p-sIm-Sp-p.- CXdn-hcpw- Adn-bm- hcpw- \ap-n-Sbn- Dv.- tem-Isc ap-gp-h- {kjv-Sm-hn-sd ktiadn-bn-- AXdn-hcp-sS _m-[y-Xbm-Wv.- AXn \m-bn- cq-]o-Ir-Xam-b Hcp- {]kv-Ym-\am-Wv- \n-v- Hm-^v- {Sqv.\m-Ym-...- kXy-aX kti {]Nm-cWn-\p- thn-bp hn-\o-Xam-sbm-cp- kw-cw-àm-Wn-Xv.- \o- G-]n- DchmZnn-s-d \n-hlWn-\p-thn-bp- Ffn-b {iaw.CsXm- c p- {]Xn- ^ em- l am- b {]h- \am- b n kzo- I cn tWta (Bao).UbdIv-S-
Rs: 50
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
Ckvemw khiIvX\p kqW kaWw.FmXcw NqjWfn\npw a\pjys\ apIvXamp am\hnIXbpsS Zi\w. AXnsXnsc Fmepw hnai\fpmbnpv. ]t, hnai\sfmw ssZhnIZi\nsd t{]mPvP ze {]Imin\p apn hmSnbXmbmWv Ncn{Xw. Ckvemans\Xnscbp hnai\sfbpw kwibsfbpw ssIImcyw sNphm\mbn "kvt\lkwhmZw' amknIbnep ]wIvXnbmWv "IqSnmgvN'. {]K` ]WvUnX\pw hmKvanbpw {K\vYImc\pamb sNdnbapw A_vZp laoZv aZ\n "IqSnmgvN'bneqsS \Inb adp]SnIfn\nv sXcsSpshbmWv Cu ]pkvXIn.{K\vYImhnt\mSp IrXPvRX hmpIfnsemXppX. ]ckv]cap {]mY\bmWtm IrXPvRX {]ISnnm\p kXyhnizmknIfpsS amKw. Amlp Atln\v XXmb {]Xnêw \IpIbpw \ssbmw kzKn HcpanpIqpIbpw sNs (Bao).
UbdIvS
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D--S-w-
{k-jv-S-m-hp-w- kr--jv-Sn-I-fpw1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
13
BIkv-an-Ihm-Zhpw- ssZhm-kv-Xn-Xz-hpw-a\pjy A\izccmhpItbm? AXv {kjvSmhnsdam{Xw KpWat? ssZhw- Hcp- Xssm-n-bt?ssZ-h-n-s-d- Im-cp-Wyw- C--s\-tbm?ImcpWyhpw _enbpw Xn tbmPnptam? Ip-n-I-sf- hn-I-emw-K-cpw- tcm-Kn-I-fp-a-m-p-- A--m-lp- Im-cp-Wn-It\m? "Am-lp-hn-s-d \m-an'- Fv- Am-lp-Xs ]dbp-Itbm?{k-jv-Sm-hv- F-n-\v- kr-jv-Sn-I-sf-sm-v- k-Xyw- sN-bv-Xp?kvIm\nw-K-pw AZr-iy-m-\hpw B-Zy-ta- A-dn-bp-sa-n- ]-co-n-p--sX-n-\-v? ssZhn-s-d ]q-h-Pv-Rm-\hpw- a\p-jy-s-d I-aêhpw Xn-- A-m-lp- hn-[n--Xm-sW-n- sX-v- sN-p-- a-\p-jy-s\- in-n p--Xv- A-\o-Xn-b-t?`q-an-bn-se {]Xn-\n-[n-sb kzKn- Xm-akn-n-Xv- Fn-\v?k-Xy-n-s-d- k-t-i-sa-m--h-sc- A-m-lp- in-n-p-tam?Amlp hnPbw hmKvZm\wsNbvXnpw ]cmPbtam? Am-lp-hn\v kwibw?
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C-kv-emapwbp-Iv-Xn-hm-Z-hpw17. B-cm-[-\-sb-m- {]-k-Iv-Xn- a-\p-jy-sctk-hn-p--Xn-\-t?18. a-X--fpw- C-k--fp-sa-mw- Nq-j-W-n-\p-th-nkv-Ym-]n--s--X-t?19. Hcp aX-ne-pw kv{Xo kzmX-{y-ant? 20. tN-emI-a-n-s- B-h-iy-I-X-...21. -kz-K-n- a-Zy-]m-\-hpw- hy-`n-Nm-c-hpw- C-t?22. Isdn-m- ]n-im-Nv- Hm-Sn-adbp-tam?23. {]mY-\ Fn\v kab_nXamIWw? 24. hn-{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpw- I-Av-_-bpw ...25. l-P-dp-- A-kv-h-Zn-s\- Npw-_n-p--Xv- hn-{K-lm-cm-[-\-b-t?-
43
C-kv-emapwhn-a-i-\--fpw
37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. Ckv-em-apw- ASn-ahpwC-kv-emw- A-Sn-a-w- A-\p-h-Zn-p-p-tm? A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo-I-v- ]-Z-- th--Xn-t?kv-{Xo-Ifpw- `cWm-[n-Im-chpw {]-hm-N-I- F-p-sIm-v- `m-cy-am-cp-sS- F-w- Ip-d-n-?]Z-bpw hnm-an-Un bpw kz--K-n- C-W-I- ]p-cp-j-m-v- am-{X-tam?-Ckv-emw- Iesb AhKWn-p-p-thm? th-Z-m-cp-am-bp-- hn-hm-l-_-\v[w-.C_veokn\vapv PnpIsf ]ngnXmcv? `Wn- Du-Xepw- tcm-Km-Wp-fpwZ-m-b[-\{I-a-n- sshcp--y-at?-
87
Jp-B-\pwhn-a-i-\--fpw
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. Jp-B-\-pw-- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-I-fpw]-e-X-cw- Jp-B-t\m?Jp-B-\pw- \n-c--c-\m-b- ap-l--Zpw (k) JpB\pw ]m]`mc knmhpw Cu- JpB kq-Iv-X- Xn- sshcp-y-an-t?hn-i-p-- Jp-B-\n-se- B-h--\w a\pjykrjvSn cp hn[ntem? ap-ebq--Im-ew- kw-_\v-[n- Jp-B\n-I ]cm-a-ifnsshcp-y-an-t?34. Jp--B\pw- kz-h-K{]P\\hpw35. `q-an-bp-sS t-Km-fm-Ir-Xn-bpw- Jp-B\pw36. Imcyat\zjnhsc aqV-mscv hnfnXv icntbm?-
61 C-kv-eman-I- {]-t_m-[-\w49. 50 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.
109
bqtdmnepw apw {]hmNIm hnnt? `m-c-X-n-se- G-I-ssZ-h- hn-izm-kn-I C-s\-pw- C-kv-em-an-I- {]-t_m-[-\-hpwA-y-Zn-\-n-\p-ti-jw- B-Im-i-hpw- `q-an-bpw- D-m-Ip-tam?hnhmlw \n_-tam? Cu-km- \-_n- (A)-bpw- hn-hm-l-hpwCu-km \-_n- (A)- Xn-cn-p-h-cp-tm- G-X-v {]-am-W-am-Wv- ]n-]-p-I? Jm-Xap-_n-o- F hm-n-\v- Ay-{]hm-NI- FvAYaptm? 57. hnt\mZn\pthn tiJcnp \mWbv kImptm? 58. AhbhZm-\hpw- hkzn-pw-
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{k-jv-S-m-hp-wkrjv-Sn-I-fpw-
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{k-jv-S-m-hp-w- krjv-Sn-I-fpw-
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{]m-]n-I \n-e\n-]v- (Universal existance) FXv- A\n-tj[y-amb bm-Ym-yw-Xs.- Fm,- A\m-Zn-bn-\n-pw- A\Xbn-tev- A\pky-q-Xw- {]hln-p- GtXm- BIkv-an-IX am{Xam-Wo- \n-e\n-s]pw,- B BIkv-an-IXbp-sS Xm-cXtay-\ \n-m-cam-b Hcp- `m-Kw- am-{Xam-Wv- a\p-jy\pw- Ahsd Po-hn-Xhp-sapw- Hcm- Icp-Xp-p-; AX,- Cu- \ne\n-]n\v- Im-cWm-c\m-bn- Hcp- {k-jv-Sm-hp-spw- B {k-jv-Sm-hn-s-d Dtieyfn-se Hcw-iw- Xsbm-Wv- a\p-jy-\pw- Ahs-d Po-hn-Xhp-sapw- asmcm-fpw- Icp-Xp-p.....- Cu- cn- Hv- am-{Xam-Wv- icn,- atXv- sXv- Fv- _pn-bpw- bp-Iv-Xn-bp-ap-]tbm-Kn-v- Fs\ Xn-sSp-m-\m-hpw?- cpw- icnbmhm-\pw- sXm-hm-\pw- Xp-ey- km-[y-XIft Nn-n-v- t\m-n-bm- Im-WmIgn-bp-Xv?{]]hpw- \n-e\n-]pw- Fs\ bm-Zr-Nv-On-Iam-bp-m-hpw- Fv- tNmZn-p-Xpw- {kjv-Sm-hm-b ssZhw- Fs\ Im-cWan-m-sXbp-m-hpw- FvtNm-Zn-p-Xpw- Hcpt]m-sebt?- Hmtcm-cp-\pw- icn-sbv- tXm-p-XvAh- "hn-iz-kn-p-I'- Fm-sX av- \n-h-m-lsap-n-hn-sS?
! {]]w- \n-e\n-p-p- FXv- am-{Xa,- Hm-tcm- {]m-]nI

{]Xn-`m-khpw- hy-hkv-Ym-]n-Xam-Wv- FXpw- A\n-tj[y-kXyamIp-p.- AXy-w- kq-aam-b Hcp- ]cam-Wp-hn-\Iv- \y-qt{SmWpvIfpw- t{]m-tm-Wp-Ifpw- CeIv-t{Sm-Wp-Ifpw- hn-\y-kn-sn-pXv- Xn-Ipw- hy-hkvYm-]n-Xam-bn-m-Wv.- B-pw- Fn-XnsSpm- Ign-bm-{X ssl{UP- ]cam-Wp- Cu- {]]nep-v.- Chbp-sSsbmw- kq-v-aLS\ Xn-Ipw- kam-\am-Ip-p.-
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\{Xfpw- {Klfpw- D]{Klfpw- ASn-b kv-Yq-e {]]hpw- IWn-iam-b hyhkvYI-v- hn-t[bam-bn-sbmWv- h-n-p-Xv.- `q-an-bpw- kq-cy-\pw- Xn-ep- \nivNn-X AIehpw,- km--]n-I Ap-Xn- `q-an-bp-sS {àWhpw- kqcy-\v- Np-p-ap- `q-an-bp-sS ]cn-{IaWhpw- Fmw- IWn-iam-b hyhkv-Y{]Im-cw- \n-e\n-p-Xp-sIm-m-Wv- Chn sS Po-hkkyPm-efp-sS \n-e\n-]v- km-[y-am-Ip-Xv.Hm-tcm- hn-n-\n-pw- ap-fp-hfcp-Xv- thcv,- Im-Wv-Uw,- Ce,]q-hv,- Im-bv- Fn-hbp-sS Im-cy-n- AXo-h kq-v-aam-b khntijXIfp- kky-am-Wv.- h-Wfn-tem- K\v-[fn-tem- cpNnIfn-tem- bm-Zr-NvOn-Iam-bn- bm-sXm-cp- am-hpw- kw-`hn-p-n-.Hm-tcm- Po-hh-Kn-sdbpw- {]Xyp-]m-Z\tIm-i- kw-tbmPn-p-tm- eWsam- ]p-Xn-b Po-hXeap-d ]ndp-p.]p-cp-js-d _o-Phpw- kv-{Xo-bp-sS AWvUhpw- tN-v- {`q-Wwcq-]w-sIm-Xn-\p-tijw- AXy-w- kq-v-aam-b hy-hkv-YIvhn-t[bam-bn-sm-p- tIm-ihn-`P\ {]{In-bIfn-eq-sS amk -p-n- Ahbhn-Ihp- Ip-m-bn- hfcp- {]Xn-`m kw- Xn-Ipw- Bkq-{Xn-Xam-bpw- hy-hkvYm-]n-Xam-bp-am-Wv- kw`hnp-Xv.- bp-Km-cfm-bn- kl{ktIm-Sn-Wn- am-Xm-fpsS K-`m-ibfn- Cu- hy-hkv-Ym-]n-X {]Xn-`m-kw- Actdnsm-tbn-cn-p-p.- km-[m-cWKXn-bn- bm-sXm-cp- Xm-fn-gbpwIq-Sm-sX CXv- Xp-Scp-p.- BIkv-an-Iam-bn- Cu- hy-hkv-Ybn\n--m-c am-- kw-`hn-m-t]m-epw- a\p-jy- hn-jan-p-t]mIpam-bn-cp-p.- DZm-lcWam-bn- I-t]m-fIfn-se tcm-a- XeapSnt]m-se \n-ccw- hfcm- Xp-Sn-bm- F{Xtm-fw- hn-jaamIp-am-bn-cp-p- Fm-tem-Nnv- t\m-p-I.Ncn-{XIm-en-\n-Sbn- Hcn--t]m-epw- bm-Zr-Nv-On-Iam-bnsXv- hm-gp-etbm- hm-g tXm-p-etbm- D-]m-Zn-n-n-n-.C\n- As\sbm-cp- BIkv-an-I kw-`hw- Dm-Ip-sav- Bcpw{]Xo-n-p-Ibp-an-.- bm-ZrNv-On-Iam-bn- kv-{Xo-bp-sS ico-cnXs ]pcp-j _o-Phpw- Iq-Sn- D-]m-Zn-n-sSp-Ibp-w- AWvU _o-Pke\w- \Sv- Ah- K-`n-Wn-bm-hp-Ibpw- sNp-sapwBcpw- {]Xo-n-p-Ibn-.- BIkv-an-Iam-bn- Hcp- Un.-F.-F.-
Xm-{Xbp-sS LS\bn- au-en-Iam-b am-ap-m-Ip-sav- t]mepwIcp-Xm- bm-sXm-cp- \ym-bhpw- Im-Wp-n-.- bm-Ym-Y-yw- CXmbncn-s A\m-Zn-bn-\n-v- A\Xbn-tev- A\p-kyq-Xw- {]hln p- GtXm- BIkv-an-IXbm-bn- kq-v-ahpw- kv-Yq-ehp-am-b {]m-]n-I hy-hkv-Ysb hn-ebn-cp-Xv- X\n- Akw-_\v-[amIpp.- BIkv-an-IX Fm- hm-l\m-]ISw- t]m-se Ahn-Nm-cnX am-b kv-Yepw- A{]Xo-n-Xam-b kabpw- \Sp- Imcyam-Wv.- AXv- Hcn-epw- A\p-kyq-Xam-bn- {]hln-p-Ibn.-]S hs\ am-n-\n-m- thn- bp-IvXnbp-sS t]cn- Dbn-p hm-Zap-J- aca- kv-ssen-ep-ffXm-Ip-Xv- Hpw- `qj Wa.Ccp-bn-cn-s-d Hcp- hen-b Iq-m-cw- Hcp- kv-Yev- In-SnvBIkv-an-I kw-`hfp-sS F{X {]hm-l- AXn-sd aosX ISpt]m-bm-epw- ]Xn-\m-bn-cw- tIm-Sn- sIm--v- tijw- t]m epw- AXv- X\n-sb {Sm-Iv-Sdp-Itfm- Xo-hn Fn-\p-Itfm- Bhp Ibn- F Im-cyw- Ddm-Wv.- htXm-Xn-ep- _u-n-I bXv\wsIm-v-am-{Xsa Hcp- b{w- cq-]sSpIbp-q-shn- hn-kva bfn- hn-kv-abam-b a\p-jym-kv-Xn-Xzw- k-h-Pv-R\pw- khiIv-X\p-am-b Hcp- kw-hn-[m-bI\nm-sX cq-]w-sIm-p-Ibn- F Im-cyw- \n-tj[n-m-\m-Im- kXyw-Xsbm-Ip-p.Pn-t\m-an-Ivkv- ]T\- sXfn-bn-p-Xv- a\p-jy-ico-cnse tIm-Sn-Wn- Un.-F.-F.- Xm-{XIfn- Hm-tcm-n-epw-tcJ sSp-n-b hn-hctiJcw- ]I-n-shm- At\Iw- Iw-]yqdpI-thn-hcp-sam-Wv.- Hcp- an-n- ao-dn-s-d an-ey-\n- Hcp-`mKwam-{Xw- hen-ap- ssPh LSIn-em-Wv- \m-ev- cm-k]ZmY- Acfm-n-sm-v- C{X ò-aam-b hn-Pv-Rm-\tiJcwtcJsSp-n-shn-cn-p-Xv.- CsXm-s BIkv-an-Iam-sWv]dbp-Xpw- k-h-Pv-R\m-b alm-iIv-X- kw-hn-[m-\n-Xm-sW v- ]dbp-Xpw- Hcp-t]m-sebm-sWv,- AYhm- sXm-Im-\pw- icn bm-Im-\pw- Xpey-km-[y-Xbp-Xm-sWv- tXm-p-Xm-Wv- a\pjy-_p-n-v- kw-`hn-m-hp- Ghpw- ISp- A]Nbw.k-_p-n-bp- Hm-tcm- a\p-jy-t\m-Spw- hn-ip- Jp-B- tNm Zn-p-p-: ""tl; a\p-jym,- DZm-c\m-b \n-s-d cn-Xm-hn-s-d Imcy-
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n- \n-s hn-X\m-nb Im-cyw- Fm-Wv?- \n-s kr-jvSn-pIbpw- \n-s kw-hn-[m-\n-p-Ibpw- \n-s icn-bm-b AhkvYbn-em-p-Ibpw- Xm-\p-tin- cq-]n- \n-s kw-LSn-n-p Ibpw- sNbv-Xh\s{X Ah''- (hn.-Jp.- 82:68).""`q-an-bn-ep- hr-samw- t]\bm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw- kap-{Zw- ajn bm-hp-Ibpw- AXn-\v- ]pdsa Ggv- kap-{Z- AXn-s\ t]m-jn-np-Ibpw- sNbv-Xm-epw- Am-lp-hn-s-d hN\- Fgp-Xn-ocpIbn-.- Xo-bm-bpw- Am-lp- {]Xm-]n-bpw- bp-IvXn-am-\p-am-Ipp''(hn.-Jp.- 31:27).Bim-cn-sb \n-a-n-Xv- Bcm-sW tNm-Zy-n-\v- adp-]Sn- \Im- Ign-bn- Fv- Icp-Xn- Bcpw- tai \n-an-Xv- Bim-cn-bm sWv- ]dbm- aSnm-dn-.- AXp-t]m-seXs ssZhs Bcvkr-jSn-p-shv- hhcpw- tNm-Zn-tp-sav- Bin-v- {]]am vsI kr-jv-Sn-Xv- ssZham-sWv- ]dbm-\pw- aSn-tXn-.{]]am-sI kr-jSn-h- Bcm-epw- kr-jSn-sh\m-Im-Xncnvvp-I FXv- _u-n-Iam-b A\n-hm-cy-Xbm-Ip-p.-
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{lkzhpw \izchpamb ùXnI PohnXn\ptijw A\izcamb ]ctemIPohnXapsv Ckvemw ]Tnnpp. \izcX krjvSnI p KpWhpw A\izcX {kjvSmhnsd KpWhpambncns krjvSn I A\izcX ssIhcnpI FXv {kjvSmhnsd KpWn (kzn^v) tep {]thi\at? AXv kw`hnptam?
Xamb ctbm intbm \IpsamWv hnip JpB \n\nv {KlnmhpXv. kzw \nebn A\izcXbpXv Amlphn\v am{XamWv . ]ctemIv krjv S nIp imizXhmkw Amlphnsd lnXn\v hnt[bamWv. (AhtcmSv ]dbsSpw:) ""kam[m\]qhw \n AXn {]thinp sImpI. imizX hmkn\p ZnhkamIpp AXv''(hn.Jp.50:34). Fm, ]ctemInsd imizXnIXzw krjvSnIv \ncp]m[nIambn A[o\ambX. Amcyn Amlphnsd lnXambncnpw Anahpw \nWmbIhpw. ""BImifpw `qanbpw \ne\nptStmfw Ah AXn (\cIn) \nXyhmknIfmbncnpw. \nsd cn Xmhv DtinsXmgnsI. Xobmbpw \nsd cnXmhv Xm DtinpXv XnIpw \Smph\mIpp. Fm, ku`m Kyw knnh kzKnembncnpw. BImifpw `qanbpw \ne\nptStmfw AhcXn \nXyhmknIfmbncnpw. \nsd cnXmhv DtinsXmgnsI. \nept]mIm Hcp Zm\ambncnpw AXv'' (hn.Jp. 11:107, 108). CXnsd hymJym\ v {]apJ X^vko- {K\vYtfm JpB ]cn`mjItfm t\mmhpXmWv.
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hn-im-eam-b Cu- {]]n- a\p-jy- F{Xtbm- \n-m-c.{]] {kjv-Sm-hn-\v- \n-m-c\m-b a\p-jy-s-d ""\o hen-bh\m-Wv''(Am-lp- AIv-_)- F k-n-^n-v- Bhiy-ap-tm?- Am-lp- Hcp Xssm-n-bm-sWt CXn-\-Yw?- a\p-jy- ]p-Igvn-bn-snssZhw- hen-bh- Xsbt?- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-Ifp-sS Cu- tNm-Zy-n-\vhy-Iv-Xam-b adp-]Sn- Bcpw- \-Im-Xv- kXyw- Ahcp-sS ]msWt sXfn-bn-p-Xv?-
!{kjvSmhns\bpw Ahsd A\izcXsbbpw kw_\v[npw,

krjvSnIfpsS \izcXsbbpw ]ctemInsd imizXnIXz sbpw kw_\v[npw hnip JpB\nXsbmWv ]d npXv. krjvSnIv kzbw A\izcX ssIhcnm Ignbpsav Amlpthm dkqtem (k) ]dnn. Cmbvabn \nv Amlp krjvSn a\pjysc acnnXn\ptijw AhXs Ahsc Dbnsgpt]nv Ahv imiz
! "Am-lp- AIv-_'- FXn-\v- Am-lp-hm-Wv- Ghpw- henbh- Fm-W-Y-w.- "\o- hen-bh\m-Wv' F.- AXy-w- kq
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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21
v-ahpw- AXo-hkv-Yq-ehp-am-b ùXn-I hkv-Xp-sfm-pw- Hcpalm-kw-hn-[m-bI\n-m-sX \n-ehn-hcp-I kmy-asm-WvkXy-k\v-[Xbpw- ]Iz-Xbp-ap- _p-n-Po-hn-I- Ddn-p]dbpXv.- a\p-jy-ico-cn-se iXtIm-Sn-Wn-ep- Un.-F.-F.Xm-{XIfn- Hm-tcm-n-epw- cm-kmc-sIm-v- Ip-dn-n-p hn-hctiJcw- Hcp- Iw-]yq-dn- D-sm-n-m- Ign-bm {X ò-aam-sWs{X Pn-t\m-an-Iv-kv- KthjIcp-sS Is-.Hcp- an-n-ao-dn-s-d an-ey-\n-sem-v- am-{Xw- hen-ap- AXn-kqv ahkv-Xp-hn- A]m-camb Cu- hn-hctiJcw- X\n-sb hp-tN -p- Fv- ]dbp-Xv- Xn-I Akw-_\v-[am-Ip-p.- Fmhn-ip-Jp-B\n- k-h-Pv-R\m-b Am-lp- ]dbpXv- t\mp-I: ""Am-lp-hn-s-dXm-Ip-p- BIm-ifn-epw- `q-an-bn-ep-ap- sXmw.- Xo-bm-bpw- Am-lp- ]cm-{ibap-Iv-X\pw- kvXp-Xyl\p-am-Ip-p.- `q-an-bn-ep- hr-samw- t]\bm-bn-cn-p-Ibpwkap-{Zw- ajn-bm-hp-Ibpw- AXn-\v- ]p-dsa Ggv- kap-{Z- AXns\ t]m-jn-n-p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xm-epw- Am-lp-hn-s-d hN\Fgp-Xn-o-cp-Ibn-.- Xo-bm-bpw- Amlp- {]Xm-]n-bpw- bp-IvXnam-\p-am-Ip-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 31:26,27).a\p-jy- Xs-d ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw- k-h-iIv-X\m-b {kjv-Sm-hn s-d A]m-cam-b Ign-hp-Ifpw- Adn-v- Aw-Ko-Icn-p-tm-gm-Wva\p-jy-Po-hn-Xw- icn-bm-b Znibn- \o-p-I.- ssZhn-s-d apn- hn-\bhpw- Xm-gvabpw- {]ISn-n-m- a\p-jy-cn- A[nI -t]cpw- Alm-cn-Ifpw- ap-jv-Im-cpw- \n-Irjv-Scp-am-hp-IbmWv]Xnhv.- kz-`m-hw- \n-jv-Ifambn-cn-Wsapw- hm-Kv-hn-Nm-cIa- A\yq-\am-bn-cn-Wsapw- \n-jv-I-j]p-em- a\pjy-sc t{]cn-n-p- Ghpw- {][m-\ LSIw- AXyp-X\mb ssZhtm-Sp- hn-t[bXz-am-Ip-p.- kZm- ssZhs kv-acn-p Ibpw- {]Io-n-p-Ibpw- sNp- a\p-jy-cn-em-Wv- \tbm-Sp {]Xn-_X am-sX \ne\n-p-Xv.""\o- `q-an-bn- Altbm-sS \ScpXv.- Xo-bm-bpw- \n\v`q-an-sb ]n-f-m-s\m-pw- Ign-bn-.- Dbcn- \n-\v- ] X-sm-sam-\pw- Bhn-; Xo-''- (hn.-Jp.- 17:37).- {]]
\m-Y\v- bYm-Y-n-ep-Xm-Wv- Afhn-m- Adn-hpw- Ign-hpw.Ahs\ kw_\v-[n-n-Stm-fw- Hcp- s]m-en-s-d Bhiy-an.- Fm- a\p-jy-\v- kzsav- ]dbm- Hp-an-.- AhA\p-`hn-psXmw- ssZhn-s-d Zm-\amWv.- AXv- Xp-dvkXn-p-sIm-v- hn-\o-Xam-b Po-hn-Xw- \bn-p-Xn-eq sSbmWv- a\p-jy-\v- alXzw- ssIhcp-Xv.- Cu- alXzw- IcKXam-pXn-\v- Ahs\ klm-bn-p- LSIfs{X {]mY-\IfpwIo-\fpw.-
4
hy-`n-Ncn-hs\- F-dnp sIm-Wsa-pw- tam-jWw- \-Sn-bhs- - - ssI- sh-Wsa-pw- in-hn-[n-- A-m-lp- Xs-d- kr-jvSn-Ifm-b- a- - \pjy-tcmSv- I-cp-W-bp--h-\m-sW-v- ]-d-bp--sX--s\?- am-{X-a-,Amlphn-s-d- kz-w- kr-jvSn-Isf- \-cIn-en-v- h-dp-p-- A-m-lp- - Fs\-bm Wv- ]-caIm-cp-Wn-I\pw- Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-Xv?- `m-cy- - sb- t]mm-Ign-bm-ht\mSv- X-s-d- hn-Im-cw- \n-b{n-m- {h-Xw- A-\pjvTn-W-sa-v ]dbp,- I-gn-hp-- ]W-m-c\v- \m-ev s]-n-s\th-m\pw- ]pd-sa- I-gn-bp-{X- sh-m-n-amsc- kzo-Icn-m-\pw- A-\ph-Zn-p- A-m-lp- ]-]m-Xn-bpw- _q-jzm-hm-Zn-bp-at?- h-y`n-Nm-cp-n\pw- tamj-Wp-n\pw- in-- A-\p-`hn-t-n-hcp-Xv- ]mhs-hcm-bn-cn-patm?- -
!kz-w- `m-cy-sb- a-sm-cm- _-em-kw-Kw- sN-p-I-bpw,- A-hsd- _oPw- A-h-fp-sS- K-`m-i-b-n- h-f-cm-Xp-S-p-I-bpw- A hs\- in--sm-pwhn-t[-b-\m-m- I-gn-bm-sX-t]m-hp-I-bpwsN-bvXm- A-h-s\- \-c-I-n-env- h-dp-p-- H-cp- ssZ-hw- D-mbn-cp-sn- F-{X- \-m-bn-cp-t-s\- F-v- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-t]mepwsImXnp-t]m-Ipw.- F-bv-Uv-kv- t]-Sn-n-v- a\p-jy-v- H-cp- C-PIvj- FSp-n-m-t]m-epw- I-gn-bm-- A-h-kv-Ym-hn-ti-j-n-\vh-gn-sbm-cpn-b- Zp-\-S-p-Im-tcm-Sv- h-en-b- Im-cp-Wyw- tXm-p-Ibpw- k-m-K-n-te-pw- kZm-Nm-c-n-te-pw- h-gn-Im-Wn-p--
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
22
23
]c-a-Im-cpWn-I-s\- sh-dp-p-Ibpw- sN-p-I- F-Xm-Wv- a-\p-jys\ _m-[n-p- G--hpw- Kp-cp-X-c-am-b- tcm-Kw.-]-n-Wn- \n-an-w tam-jv-Sn-m- \n-_-\v-[n-X-\m-Ip--h-s-dssIsh-W-sa-v- ssZ-hw- \n-iv-N-bn-n-n.- F-m- tam-jv-Smhns-d- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-s-p-dn-v- hm-Nm-e-cm-Ip-- ]e-cpw- A-Xym h-iy- Im-cy-n-\v-th-n- kq-n-- ]-Ww- tam-jv-Sn--s--Xn-\mIjv-S-X- A-\p-`-hn-p--h-sd- ssZ-\y-X-tbm-Sv- A-\p-I-- Im-Wn mdn-.- \p-sS- \m-n-se- A-h-kv-Y- t\mq.- \q-dv-cq-]- tam-jv-Sn- h- C-hn-sS P-bn-en- In-S-t-n-h-t-mw.- Hcm-sf- sIm--h \v- h-[-in--h-sc- e`n-t-mw.- Fm- \q-dv- tIm-Sn- tamjv-Sn-p I-tbm- A-]-l-cn-p-I-tbm- sNbv-Xn-v- \-sm-cp- `m-Kw- th--s-h-sm-s- k-m-\n-m- kp-J-am-bn- hn-e-km-sa-v- am-{X-a-Fw.-F.-F-tbm- a{ntbm- B-Im-\p-- ku-`mKy-hpw- e-`n-t mw.- ]-Xn-\-tm- C-cp]-tXm- t]-sc- H-n-p-sIm-m- LmX-I \v- ]-{X-hm-cn-I-I-fn- In-p-- I-h-td-Pv- A-bm-sf- ]m-e-sa-dv- AwK-tam- tI-{-a-{ntbm- h-sc- B-Im- Al-\m-p-- A-h-kv-Ymhn-ti-j-hpw- Chn-sS-bp-v.- b-Y-m-Y-am-b- \o-Xn-tbm- Imcp-WytamCu- km-l-N-cy-n- B-cn-\n-m-Wv- {]-Xo-n-m- Ign-bpI;]-c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\m-b- ssZ-hn- \n-m-sX!-tam-j-W-hpw- hy-`n-Nm-c-hpw- ]m-h-s--h-s-d- K-Xn-tI-Sn-s-dA\n-hm-cy-X-bm-sW-- hm-Zw- bm-Ym-Y-y-n-\v- hn-cp--am-Ip-p.Hm-Sp-- Im-dp-I-p-n- sam-ss_- hy-`n-Nm-cw- \-Sp-hcpwZn-h-tk-\- c-tm- aq-tm- Imdp-I- ho-Xw- tam-jv-Sn-p--h-cp-sam s- k-ar-n-bp-sS- io-X-f-Nv-Om-b-bn- Ip--hm-fn-bm-bn- hn-e-kp-hcm-Wv.- C-hcp-sS- C-cItfm-Sv- A-ln-p- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-m- I-cp-Wm-hm-cn-[n-bm-b- ssZ-h-a-m-sX- a-m-cp-an-.\m-ev- s]-v- sI--W-sav- C-kvemw I-]n-p-I-tbm- t{]mXvkm-ln-n-p-Itbm- sN-bXn-n-.- A-\n-hm-cy-am-b- km-lNcy-fnv- hy-`n-Nm-cs- km[q-Icn-p-Xn-\v- ]-Icw- F-bvUvkn-t\m- D-jvW- p-n-t\m- hgn-sh-m-- _-lp-`m-cy-Xzw- A-\p-h-Zn-p-sh-t-bpq.- A-Xv- H-cp- A-]cm-[-sam-p-a-.-
5
Amlp ImcpWyhm\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamWtm; Fnpw lPv P v Ian arK_en \n_\v [ amnbncnpp. CXv {IqcXbt? BbncWn\v arKsf sImsmSppXv ImcpWyhm\p tbmPnXmtWm?
!]ca ImcpWnI\mb ssZhw XsbmWv amwkt`mPnIfmb

Ppsf krjvSnXv. an{i`pmb a\pjys\ krjvSnXpw AhXs. krjvSnhyhkvY Cs\bmbnpw a\pjycpsS AXn{Ia Dmbncpnsn Hcp PphKn\pw hwi\miw kw`hnpambncpnsmWv ]cnkvYnXnimkv {Xkw_\v[amb ]T\ sXfnbnpXv. asmcp hn[n ]dm hnhn[ PpPmefpsS kwJy kpenXambn \ne \npXv IqSpX s]cpIp PohnIfn Hcp ]v amwk`p pIfmb Ppv CcbmIpXpsImmWv. Asn `qapJmsI {]mWnIfpw IoSfpw \ndbpambncpp. Nne PphK A\kyqXw s]cpInbm `qapJs kkyPme fmsI Xopt]mIpambncpp. PohnnpXpw acnnpXpsamw ssZhnIamb ImcpWynsd `mKw XsbmIpp. aysfbpw Imen Isfbpw apw `nphm a\pjys\ A\phZnXpw B Imcp Wym Xs. amwkmlmcw a\pjy\v Xopw \njnam nbncpsn tImSnWn\mfpI t]mjImlmcw InmsX hnjanpambncpp. arK_en hn[nnpXv ssZh\m an ImenIsf Adpv kzbw `nm\pw CXcv \ Im\pw thnbmIpp. arKsf shdpsX sImsmSpm thnb. BSpamSpIfm arK a\pjycpsS thsIm v hwi\min\v CcbmIptm ImenIv hwi\miw t\cnSpsav Bcpw Binptbn. _enpw `Wn \pw thn htXmXn Ahsb hfm P\ t{]cnX cmIpXpsImmWv temIv FmbnSpw Ah kpeàm
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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bncnpXv. Iimpw _enbpw \ntcm[nm ImenIsf hf m Bpw Xm]cyapmhn. AXn\m _en- aptJ\ arK HSppIb \ne\npIbmWv sNpXv. ia\mXoX tcmKsImv hnjanphv thZ\bn m acWneqsS Bizmkw \IWsav ]cnjvIrXcmb ]ecpw hmZnppv. sagvkn InnwKv AYhm Zbmh[w Fm Wv CXn\v Ah t]cv]dbpXv. ]caImcpWnI NnebmfpI sf acnnm sshIpXn {]Xntj[ap Zbmh[ {]kvYm \m PohnXw "`mc'ambnohsc acWntev \bnp Xv {IqcXbmbn IcpXpn. a-\p-jy-sc- h-[n-p--Xp-Xs- Z-bm-]-c-am-b- {]-h--\-am-bn]-cn-jv-Ir-X- a-\p-jy-v- tXm-p-p-sh-n- Im-en-I-sf- ]o-Unn-m-sX- A-dp-p- Xn-m- \n-tZ-in--Xv- ssZ-h-n-s- Im-cpWy-n-\v- hn-cp--am-sW-v- hm-Zn-p--Xn-\v- bm-sX-m-cp- \ym-b-hpan-.- \-- aq--bp-f-f- A-bp-[w-sIm-v- D-cp-hn-s\- G-sdhn-j-an-nm-sX- A-dp-m-\n-tZ-in-- C-kv-emw- Cu- hn-j-b-n- ]cam-h-[n- Im-cp-Wy-hpw- \o-Xn-bpw- ]p-e-n-bn-p-v.-
6
A-m-lp- Im-cp-Wy-hm-\pw- I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-sW-pw- A\ym-b-ambnbm-sXm-pw- sNp-I-bn-m-sb-pw- ]-d-bp-p.- Fn- bm-sXm-cpsX-pw- sN-m- Nn-e- ]n-p-Ip-n-I- hnNn-{X-hpw- th-Z-\m-P-\I-h-p am-b- Akp-Jtfm-sS- P-\n-p-Itbm- P-\n-ti-jw- C-h- ]n-Sn-Iq-SpItbm- -sN-p-p.- tcm-Kw _m-[n- ]np-Ip-n-v- ]p-d-sa- c-n-Xm--pwIp-Spw-_mw-K--p-sam-s- A-t-b-w- _p-n-ap-p-m-p-Ccw- tcm-K-- Im-cp-Wy-hm-\m-b- ssZ-hw- \-Ip--sX-p-sImmWv?-
!A-m-lp- ]q-W-\m-b- {k-jv-Sm-hm-Wv.- ]q-W-X-bp-sS- {k-jv-Smhm-Wv.- ""Xm- kr-jv-Sn-- F-m- h-kv-Xp--sf-bpw- hn-in-jv-S-am-nb-h-\-s{X- A-h''- (hn.-Jp.- 32:-7).- ""F-m- Im-cy-hpw- Ip--a--Xm-n-
Xo-- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- \n-a-n-Xn-b-s{X- A-Xv-''- (hn.-Jp.- 27:-88).""Atm- G--hpw- \-- kr-jv-Sn-I-m-hm-b- A-m-lp- A-\p-{Kl-]q-W\m-bn-cn-p-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 23:-14).- ""Xo-bm-bpw- a-\p-jys\\mw- G--hpw- \- L-S-\-tbm-Sv-Iq-Sn- kr-jv-Sn-n-cn-p-p''- (hn.Jp.95:-4).- ""tl- a-\p-jym,- D-Zm-c\m-b- \n-s-d- c-n-Xm-hn-s-d- Im-cyn - \n-s- h-n-p-I-f--sX-mWv?- \n-s- kr-jv-Sn-v- kw-hn[m\n-v- i-cn-bm-b- A-h-kv-Y-bn-em-n- Xm-\p-t-in-- cq-]-n- \nskw-L-Sn-n--h-\-s{X- A-h''- (hn.-Jp.- 82:-68).Hm-tcm- X-h-W-bpw- {k-hn--s-Sp- tIm-Sn--W-n- ]p-cpj_oP--fn- Hm-tcm-pw- H-cp- A-Wv-U-hp-am-bnkw-tbm-Pn-v- {`qWam-bn- H-cp- e-W-sam-- in-ip- h-f-p-h-cm- A-\p-tbm-Py-ambL-S-\-tbm-sS-bm-Wv- kw-hn-[m-\n--s-n-cn-p--Xv.- k-o-Whpwkq-v-a-hp-am-b- {]-P-\-\-{]-{Inb- km-[m-c-W- K-Xn-bn- Xn-I-pwA\yq-\-am-bn--s- \-S-p-p.- Npcp--n- K-`-kv-Y-in-iphn\v- tcm-K--tfm- ssh-I-ey--tfm- kw-`-hn-p-p-s-n- A-Xn\vIm-c-Ww- a-\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bn- {]-]--\m-Y- G-s-Sp-n-bn-p- {]-P-\-\- hy-h-kv-Y- hn-I-eam-b-X-.- sXm-Sp--sXm-s- aen-\ hpw- Zq-jn-X-hpw I-f--]-n-e-hp-am-p-- Nn-e- a-\p-jy- kz-w{]Ir-Xn-bn-epw- X--v- Np-p-ap-- ù-XnI- h-kv-Xp--fn-epw- hcpn-sh-p- Ip-g---fm-Wv- P-\n-XI- tcm-K--pw- B-P-ssh-I-ey--pw- \nan--am-bn-o-cp--Xv.- hm-bp-P-e- a-en-\oI-c-W-hpw sX-m-b- Blm-c--fpw- t`m-P-\-co-Xn-I-fpw- el-cn-abp-a-cp-v-]p-I-bn-e- F-o- hn-j-]-Zm-Y--fpw- B-dn-_tbm-nIv-kv-n-tdm-bn-Uv- Hu-j-[--fpw- A-hn-ln-X- ssew-Kn-I- th-gv-Nbpwip-Nn-Xz-anm-bvabpw- cm-khffpw- Io-S\m-in-\n-Ifpw- A-Wp-{]k- - - - c-hpw- K-`-kv-Y-in-ip-hn-\v- tcm-K-tam- ssh-I-ey-tam- D-m-Im- C S-h-cp-p-- Im-c-W--fn- Nn-e-Xm-Ip-p.- H- hm-N-I-n- ]dm,- A-m-lpkw-hn-[m-\n-- ip-hpw- k-p-en-Xhp-am-b- {]IrXn-bn- a-\pjy- h-cp-n-sh-p-- Xm-f-n-g-I-fm-Wv- K-`-kv-Yin-ip-sf-bpw ssI-p-p-sf-bpw- Kp-cp-Xcam-b- tcm-Kfnte- - pw- ssh-I-ey--fn-te-pw- X-n-hn-Sp--Xv.- ""a\p-jy-cp-sS- ssI I- sN-bvXp-sh--Xv- \n-an-w- I-c-bn-epw- I-S-en-epw- Ip-g-w- shfns-n-cn-p-p.- A-h- {]-h-n--Xn- Nn-e-Xn-s-d- ^-ew- Ah
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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v- B-kz-Zn-n-m- th-n-b-s{X- AXv.- A-h- H-cp-th-f- a-S-n tb-mw''- F-- Jp-B- kq-IXw- (30:-41)- C-cp-Wn- {]tXyvIw- A\p-kv-a-cn-t--Xm-Ip-p.tcm-Ks-bpw- tcm-Km-Wp-sf-bpw- tcm-K{]-Xn-tcm-[- kw-hn-[m\s-bpw- kw-_\[n-- A-_[m-cWIfpw- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- Imcp- v- - - Wy-n- hn-izm-kw- \-jv-S-s-Sp-m- C-S-bm-p-pv.- ]-c-aIm cp-Wn-I-\m-b- A-m-lp- tcm-Km-Wp--sf- kr-jv-Sn--Xv- a-\p-jysct{Zm-ln-m- th-n-b-,- {]-Xyp-X,- i-co-c-n-s-d- {]-Xn-tcm-[kw-hn-[m-\-s,- C-ayq- kn-kv--s- ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn- {]-_-e-amno-p--Xn\p-th-n-b-s{X.- tcm-Km-Wp-- ico-cn- {]thin-p-tm- A-h-sb- t\-cn-Sp--Xn-\p-th-n- D-]m-Zn-n--sSp- B-dn-t_m-Un-I- AYm- {]-Xn-hkvXp-fm-Wv- tcm-K{]-Xntcm- [- kw-hn-[m-\-n-s-d- B-[m-c-in-e-I.- tcm-Km-Wp--sfm-pwIS-m-- H-cp- A-d-bn- H-cp- Ip-n-s\- h-f-n-bm- tcm-K {]-Xn-tcm-[-hy-hkv-Y- Zp-_-e-am-b- \n-e-bn-em-bn-cn-pw- A-Xv- h-f cp--Xv.- tcm-Km-Wp--fp-sS- km-n-[y-a--;- a-p- Im-c-W--fm- {]Xn-tcm-[- hy-h-kv-Y- Zp-_-e-am-Ip--Xm-Wv- b-Ym-Y-n- tcmK_m-[-v- Im-c-Ww.G-Xv- {]m-b-nepw- a-\p-jy-sc- _m-[n-p-- tcm-K--fn- anXpw- i-co-cw- kz-w- c--v-th-n- kzo-I-cn-p-- Nn-e- \-S-]-Sn I-fp-sS- _-ln-{]-I-S-\-- am-{X-am-Wv.- A--co--Xm-]-nh-en-b- am-w- h-cp-tm-gpw- A-an-X-tam- A-ln-X-tam- B-b- B-lmcwI-gn-p-tm-gpw- i-co-c-n-\v- Nn-e- ASn-b--c- {I-ao-I-c-W-B-h-iy-am-bn-h-cpw.- X-kw-_-\v-[-am-b- A-kzm-kv-Yy-- i-an m- H-tm- c-tm- Znh-kw- hn-{i-an-p-I-bpw- B-lm-c-]m-\o-b-fp-sS- Imcy-n- A-]w- \n-b-{-Ww- ]m-en-p-I-bpw- sN-bvXm- am-{Xw- a-Xn-bm-Ipw.- C--cw- k--`--fn- I-Sp-- D-Wv-T- tXm-p-I-bpw- A-\m-h-iy-am-b- a-cp-p-I- I-gn-p-I-bpwsNp--Xm-Wv- ]n-o-Sv- Kpcp-X-am-b- B-tcm-Ky-{]-iv-\-- DS-seSpp--Xn-\v- Im-c-Ww.H-cp- D-Zm-lcWw-:- h-en-b- Xm-]am-ap-m-Ip-tm-gpw- s]m-Sn,- ]pI,- - cm-khkvXp-- ap-Xm-ebh- i-zkn-m- C-Shcp-tm-gpw- Xp-ep- - - - m-Ip--Xv- izm-k-tIm-i-n-s-d- c--bvpw- kpkv-Yn-Xn-pw-
th-n- ]-S--h- G-s-Sp-n-b- kw-hn-[m-\--fp-sS- kzm-`m-hnI{]-h--\w- am-{X-am-Ip-p.- AXp-sIm-m-Wv- Xp-n-bm- A-mlp-sh- kv-Xp-Xn--W-sa-v- \-_n- (k)- ]-Tn-n--Xv.- F-m- Cvhn-izm-kn-I- D-s-sS-bp--h- sN-p--Xv- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- CuA-\p-{K-ls- ASn-a-m-\p-- B-dn- ln-kan- Kp-fn-IIv- hn-gp-n- k-o-W-X-I- kr-jv-Sn-p-I-bm-Wv.a-p-Nn-e- tcm-K-- Po-hn-X- co-Xn-bp-sS- X-I-cm-dp-sIm-pw- ]cnkv-Yn-Xn- Zq-j-Ww-sIm-pw-a-pw- kw-`-hn-p--Xm-Wv.- Ip-n-I-fp-sSIm-cy-n- amXm-]n-Xm--fp-sS- sX-m-b- Po-hn-X-co-Xn- tcm-K-v- ap-Jy-Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-pw.- G-Xm-bm-epw- tcm-K--v- Amlpsh- ]-gn-p--Xv- H-pw- \ym-b-a-.- tcm-K-i-a-\-n-\v- k-lm-b-IambA-t\-I-at\-Iw- Hu-j-[-- D-]m-Zn-n-p-sImv- a-\p-jy-scA\p-{K-ln-p-I-bm-Wv- A-h- sN-bv-Xn-p--Xv.- ssh-I-ey--fp]-e-pw- A-h- ]-cn-lcn-p-am-dv- [m-cm-fw- A-\p-{K-l- A-mlp\-Im-dp-ap-v.- B-tKm-f- X-en- {it-b\m-b- im-kv{X-PvRkv-o-^- tlm-n-v-kv- X-e-v- Io-sg-bp-- i-co-c-`m-K-- Nenn-m-t]m-epw- I-gn-bm-{X- ssh-I-ey-ap-- hy-Iv-Xn-bm-sWIm-cyw- C--cp-W-n- kv-a-c-Wo-b-am-Ip-p.-
7
ap-kv-enw-Ifp-sS hn-izm-k{]Im-cw- hn-ip Jp-B- ssZhn-\n-pw- AhXo-Wam-bXm-Wv- Fm-Wtm.- Fm- Jp-B\n-se {]Yam-[ym-bamb "kq-dp- ^m-n-l'-bp-sS Xp-Sw-Xs "Amlp-hn-s-d \m-an'-,- "Am-lp-hn-\v- kv-Xp-Xn'- Fn-s\bm-Wtm.Cs\ Am-lp- kzbw-]dbp-Itbm?-
!ssZhw- thZ{K\v-Yw- AhXcn-n-Xv- a\p-jy- Fs\bm-WvssZhtm-Sv- \n-bp-hcpw- kr-jv-Sn-Itfm-Sv- \o-Xn-]p-e-phcp-am-bn- Po-hn-tsXv- ]Tn-n-p-hm-\m-Wv.- {kjv-Sm-hpw]cn-]m-eI\p-am-b ssZhn-s-d A]m-cam-b A\p-{KlfmWv- \p-sS Po-hn-Xw- kpKahpw- kp-JIchp-am-n-o-p-Xv.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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29
AXn-\m- GXv- {][m-\ hn-jbhpw- A\p-{KlZm-Xm-hm-b ssZh n-s-d \man- kw-km-cn-p-Ibpw- {]h-n-p-Ibp-am-Wv\n-bp- Zm-km- sNtXv.- Po-hn-Xn- Hm-tcm- A\p{K lw e`n-p-tm-gpw- ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\mb cn-Xm-hn-\v- kvXp-Xnbn-p-I FXv- Ir-XRvPXbp-sS Xm-]cy-am-Ip-p.- kXy-hnizmkn-I- Cu- Im-cy-sfp-dn-v- kZm- t_m-[ap-hcm-bn-cn-pXn-\v- thn-bm-Ip-p- \akv-Im-cn- Bh-n-v- ]mcmb Ww- sNp-Xn-\p- {]m-cw-`m-[ym-bw- AhXcn-n-Xv.- a\p-jycpsS hn-Nm-chpw- hm-p-Ifpw- {]hr-n-Ifpw- kao-]\fpw- F s\bm-bn-cn-Wsav- ]Tn-n-m-thn- AhXo-Wam-b {K\vY n- a\p-jy- \n-h-ln-t {]m-Y-\Ifpw- Io-\fpwD-sm-n-Xv- Xn-Ipw{]kIv-Xam-Ip-p.-
]vX-a-s{X.- kv-Y-e-Im-e--v- k-aq-l--fp-sS- N-cn-{X-n-ep-kvYm-\-hpw- {]-]--\m-Y-s\- kw-_-\v-[n-- Nn-- A-pcn-n-mNn-etm- ]-cym-]v-X-am-sb-v-h-cpw.C-Xp-sIm-sm-s-bm-Wv- A-`n-kw-t_m-[n-X-v- A-h-K-Wn m- I-gn-bm-- ù-Xn-I- {]-Xn-`m-k--sf- km-n-bm-n-smvA-m-lpkw-km-cn-p-Xv.- G-sX-mcp- {]-Xn-`m-kfp-sSbpw- auen- I-X-sb-Ip-dn-v- Nn-n-p--h-v- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- I-gn-hp-I-sftbm- \-S]Sn-{I-as-tbm- \n-tj-[n-p-Xm- I-gn-bn-- F-- kqN- \-bm-Wv- A-h-sb-sm-v- k-Xyw- sN-bv-Xv- kw-km-cn-p--XnA-S-n-bn-p--Xv.- \-iz-c-cm-b-a-\p-jy-v- A-h-cp-sS- {i--bns]Sp-- ù-Xn-I- {]-Xn-`m-k--fn-e-S-n-b- Zrjv-Sm--- t_m-[ysSp-nsm-Sp-p--Xn-\m-W-tm- {]-k-Iv-Xn-bp--Xv.-
8
ssZ-h-m- A-h-Xo-W-am-b-Xm-Wv- Jp-B.- A-Xn-ep--Xv- ssZhn-Ih-N-\-- am{X-am-Wv.- F-m- Jp-B-\n- ssZ-hw- Nn-e- kr-jvSn-I-sf-n-Sn-v- k-Xyw- sN-p--Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,- {]-`mXwX-s-bm-Wv- k-Xyw,- ]-v- cm-{Xn-I-Xs-bm-Wv- k-Xyw- (89:-3)- Fsms.- ssZ-hw- H-cp- Im-cyw-]-d-m- A-Xv- F-m-n-\pw- D-]-cn-bm-Wv.- ]ns-sb-n-\m-Wv- C-cw- kr-jv-Sn-I-sfn-Sn-v- k-Xyw- sN-p--Xv.- Ahsbm-s- \-i-z-c--fm-b- kr-jv-Sn-I-fm-sW-v- Jp-B- X-s- sh-fnsSp-p-p-ap-v- (55:-26,- 27).- C--c-n- \iz-c--fm-b- krjv-Sn-I-sf-n Sn-v- k-Xyw- sN-- H-cp- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-n-\v- tbm-Pn--Xm-tWm?
9
""AZriyImcy- - f psS Xmtm As- - a m- I pp. AXv AmlphmsX amcpw Adn-bp-Ibn-. AXn-semv K`m-ibn - DXv AmlphmsX Adn-bp-Ibn....-''- (_p-Jm-cn, apkven-w, AlvaZv).Cu Ime-L--n kvIm\nwK-v t]m-ep coXn-I D]-tbm-Kn-psImv Ccw Imcy- Fm-hpw Adn-bm Ign-bp-p. A s\-bm-sW-n CXv Ckv-e-m-ans Ah-Im-i-hm-Z- s]mfn-p-Xt? CXn\v hy-amb adp-]Sn Xc-W-sav At]-n-p-p.
!Hcp K` inipsh kw_-n tIhew _mly-amb Nne

Imcy- am{X-amWv kvIm\nw-Kn-eqsS Adn-bm Ign-bp--Xv. Ipn-bpsS B-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb LS-\-bmWv Ahs `mK-t[-bs kw_-n-nStmfw \nW-m-b-I-am-bn-p--Xv. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn kqva-m\w e`n-m bmsXm-cp-hn[ kvIm\nwK-pw ]cym-]vX-am-hp-I-bn-. Hmtcm K` iniphpw Hcp ]qW- hyn-Xz-ambn hf-tc-Xm-Wv. kq-vahpw koW--hpam b Cu hf-bpsS AkvXn-hm-can-S K`m-ibnhp Xs- bmWv \S-p--Xv. ]t, amXm-]n-Xm-tm tUmIvSam
!hn-ip-- Jp-B- b-Ym-Y- hnizm-kn-I-sf- am-{X-a-- A-`n-kwt_m-[-\- sN-p--Xv.- ù-Xn-I- bm-Ym-Y-y--sf- am-{Xw- Aw-KoIcn-p--h-sc-bpw- i-cn-bm-b- A-h-t_m-[an-m-- hn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw- Zn-hy-Zr-jv-Sm--- ap-tJ-\- t_m-[-h-I-cn-m- D-t-inp-h-bm-Wv- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X-.- kv-Y-e-Im-e--fpw- kr-jvSn {]-] -n-se- a-v hn-kvabfp-sa-mw- Nn-m-io-ecp-sS- a-\n- - - Hcp- a-lm-kw-hn-[m-bIs\- kw-_\v[n-- t_m-[ap-fhm-m- ]cym- - - -
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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tm AXns hni-Zmw-i- Adn-bm bmsXmcp amK-hpw C. Hcp k-Xnsb kw_-n amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS taml fpw taml-`w-K-fpw hnI-kz-c-amb hyn-Xz-ns sshhn-[yam am\--fp-am-bmWv _-s-Sp--Xv. AXn-s-sbms B[m-c- K`m-i-b-n-emWv cq]-s-Sp--sX-nepw Xkw_--amb Adnhv B L-n krjvSn-Im-h-m Fmhpw A{]m-]y-am-bn-cn-pw.
10
a-\p-jy-s\- ]-co-n-p--Xn-\p-th-n- am-{X-am-Wv- kr-jv-Sn--sX-mWv- A-m-lp- ]-d-bp--Xv.- F-m- k-I-e-Xpw ap-Iq-n-- Adn-bp--h\m-b- ]-S--h-s\- kw_-\v-[n-n-S-tm-fw- Cu- ]-co-W-n\v- F-Y-am-Wp-Xv?- H-cp-h- F-m-Ipw- F-m-In-m-sb-- hkv-Xp-X- A-mlp-hn-\v- B-Zy-ta- A-dn-bp-a-tm?- ]n-s-sb-n-\mWv- Cu- ]-co-Ww?-
!H-cp- Ip-n-bp-sS- _p-n- ]cam-b- Ign-hp-I- F-{X-tm-fap-v- F- - dn-bp- A-[-y-m-]-I- F-n-\m-Wv- Ah-s\-sm-v- ]-co--sbgpXn-p-Xv?- km-am-\y- _p-n-bp-h-s-mw- Adn-bm-hp-XmWvC-Xn-s-d- D--cw.- Ip-n-I-fp-sS- I-gn-hp-I- ]-Sn-]Sn-bm-bn- hn-Iknn-p-Ibm-Wv- ]-co-I-fp-sS- e-yw.- ]-caIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b- ssZhw- a-\p-jy-sc- ]-eXcw- ]-co-I-v- hnt[-bcm-p-Xn-s-d- ey- hpw- CXn-\n-v- hy-Xy-kv-X-a-.- B- ]-co--I-fp-sS-t\-sc- i-cn bm-b- k-ao-]-\w- kzo-I-cn-p--h-v- A-h- hn-Im-k-hpw- hn-P-bhpwt\-Sn-sm-Sp-pw.- amjn-\v- D--cw- A-dn-bm-sa-n-cn-s- Fs_p-n-ap-np-sX-n-\v- Fv- tNm-Zn-p-- X-eXn-cn-]td --Xp-t]m-ep-- \n-e-]m-Sv- kzo-I-cn-m- ^-e-sa-m-bn-cn-p-sa-vDuln-m-hp--Xm-Wv.A-m-lp- \-ap-v- {]-Xn-^-e-hpw- in-bpw- \n-iv-N-bn-n-p--Xv\-p-sS- kz-X-{-am-b- {]-h--\--fp-sS- A-Sn-kvYm-\-n-em-Wv.\-bpw- X-n--bpw- sX-c-s-Sp-m-\p-- a-\p-jy-cpsS- kzm-X-{ywap-hn-[n- ap-tJ-\- A-m-lp- \n-tj-[n-n-n-- F-- Imcyw- JpBsIm-v- sX-fn-n-p--Xpw- A-\p-`-h--sIm-v- hy-Iv-X-am-Ip-
Xp-am-Wv.- R-- A-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm- A-[-a-Im-cn-I-tfm- B-IWsa-v- Am-lp- t\-cs- \n-ivNbn-Xp-sIm-t- A-s\- kw`- hn-p-sX-v- apt- ]-ecpw- tNm-Zn-n-cp-p.- hn-ip-- Jp-B\nA-m-lp- A-Xn-s\-p-dnv- F-v- ]-d-bp-p-sh-v- t\m-p-I-:""B- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I- ]-d-t-p-w-;- A-m-lp- D-t-in-ncps-n- R--tfm- R--fp-sS- ]n-Xm--tfm- (A-m-lp-hn-t\m-Sv)]-v- tN-p-am-bn-cp-n--;- R-- bm-sXm-pw- \n-jn--am-pam-bn-cp-p-an-- F-v.- CtX- {]-Im-cw- A-h-cp-sS- ap-Km-an-I-fpw\p-sS- in-- B-kz-Zn-p--Xp-h-sc- \n-tj-[n-v- I-f-bp-I-bpm bn.- ]-d-bp-I-:- \n--fp-sS- ]-- h-- hnh-c-hp-ap-tm?- F-nR--v- \n- A-sXm-v- sh-fn-s-Sp-n-cq.- Du-l-sam-{X-am-Wv- \n-- ]np-S-cp--Xv.- \n-- A-\p-am-\n-p-I-am{Xam-Wv- sN-p--Xv''- (hn.-Jp.- 6:-148).A-m-lp-hn-s-d- ]q-h-Pv-Rm-\-hpw- ]q-h-\n-iv-N-b-hpw- \-psSA-dn-hn-s-d- ]-cn-[n-bn- h-cp-- Im-cy--f-.- F-m- Zp-jnNn--I-fp-sS-bpw- hm-p-I-fp-sS-bpw- {]-hr-n-I-fp-sS-bpw- {]-tem`\ --fn- A-I-s-Sp-- a-\p-jy- A-\p`-hn-p-- Zp-jv-^-e-Hc-f-thm-fw- \mw- C-hn-sS--s- ImWp-p-v.- im-iz-X-am-b- ]-ctemI-m-I-s- A-Xy-w- hym-]-I-am-b- `-hn-jy-p-I-fm-bn-cn-pwt\cn-tS-n-h-cn-I.- hm-Kv-hn-Nm-c- I-a--sf- hnth-I-]q-h-w- \-bn- D-d-n-v- \n-p- k-Z-vhr-- A-\p-`-hn-p-- k-Zv-^-e-fpw- H-c-f-thm-fw- \-ap-v- I-dn-bm- I-gn-bp-p.- Cu- c-v- Ah-kv-Y I-fpw- Xn-cn--dn-bm- D-X-Ip-- ssZ-hn-I- ]-co--bp-sS- {]k-Iv-Xn- Nnm-io-e-v- kp-{Km-ly-am-Ip-p.
11
Hcp- hy-Iv-Xn- P\n-p-Xn-\v- ap-v- Ah- acn-p-Xp-hscbp- Fm- {]hr-n-Ifpw- Am-lp- t\cs Fgp-Xn-shn-p-tm?- FnBXv-alXy,- A]ISacWw-,- Xp-Sn- Cu- `q-tem-Iv- kw-`hn-Xpwkw-`hn-m- t]m-Ip-Xpam-b ap-gp-h- Im-cy-fpw- ssZhn-\vt\cs Adn-bm-san- kz--Kw,- \cIw,- ]ctem-I Po-hn-Xw- Fn-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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hv- {]kIv-Xn-bn-tm-.- AX,- adn-v- Ahchcp-sS I-a^-ew- sImm-tWm- CsXm-s kw-`hn-p-Xv?Am-lp-hn-sd Pv-Rm-\w- kq-Wam-sW Im-cy-nbmsXm-cp- kw-ibhp-an-.- ""Ahcp-sS ap-n-ep-Xpw- Ah-v]n-n-ep-Xpw- Ah- Adn-bp-p.- Ahs-d Adn-hn-\n-vAh CNv-On-p-Xm-sX (asm-pw)- Ah-v- kq-v-aambnAdn-bm- Ign-bn-''- (hn.-Jp.- 2:255).- ""`q-an-bn-tem- \n-fp-sS tZl n-Xstbm- bm-sXm-cm-]pw- _m-[n-p-Ibp-m-bn-n-; AXn-s\ \mw- Dm-p-Xn-\v- ap-p-Xs Hcp- tcJbn- Ds p-Ign-Xm-bn-m-sX.- Xo-bm-bpw- AXv- Am-lp-hn-s\ kw_ \v-[n-tStm-fw- Ffp-ap-Xm-Ip-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 57:22).X- _lp-ssZhm-cm-[Icm-bXv- Am-lp- ap-Iq-n- As\ Xo-cp-am-\n-Xp-sIm-m-sWv- hm-Zn-hsc k-hPvR\m-b Am - lp- JWv-Un-p-Ibm-Wv- sNbv-XXv- FIm-cy-hpw- CtXm-sSm-w{Kln-tXm-Wv.""B _lp-ssZhm-cm-[I- ]dtpw-; Am-lp- Dtin-n cp-sn- Rtfm- Rfp-sS ]n-Xm-tfm- (Aht\m-Sv)- ]vtN-p-am-bn-cp-n-; R- bm-sXm-pw- \n-jn-am-p-am-bncp-p-an- Fv.- AXp-t]m-seXs Ahcp-sS ap-Km-an-Ifpw- \psS in- Bkz-Zn-p-Xp-hsc \n-tj[n-v-Ifbp-Ibp-m-bn.]dbp-I: \n-fp-sS]- h hn-hchp-ap-tm?- Fn-- Rv- \n-- AsXm-v- shfn-sSp-n-cq.- Du-ls am-{XamWv- \n-- ]n-p-Scp-Xv.- \n-- A\p-am-\n-p-I am-{Xam-WvsN-p-Xv. ]dbp-I: BIbm- Am-lp-hn-\m-Wv- an-I sXfnhp-Xv.- Ah- Dtin-n-cp-sn- \n-sf ap-gp-h- Aht\-hgn-bn-em-p-IXs sNp-am-bn-cp-p'- (hn.-Jp.- 6:148,- 149).(Am-lp-thm-Sv) ]m-fn-Isf tN-h- ]dp-: ""Am-lpDtin-n-cp-sn- Rtfm- Rfp-sS ]n-Xmm-tcm- Ah\v]p-dsa bm-sXm-ns\bpw- Bcm-[n-pam-bn-cp-n-.- Ahsd I]\Iq-Sm-sX R- bm-sXm-pw- \n-jn-am-p-Ibpw- Cm-bncp-p.- AXp-t]m-seXs Ah-v- ap-p-hcpw- sNbv-Xn-pv.Fm- ssZhZq-Xm-cp-sS ta- {]t_m-[\am- h _m[y-
Xbpw- Dtm?'-'- (hn.Jp.- 16:35).""]caIm-cp-Wn-I- Dtin-n-cp-n-sn- R- Ahsc (aep-Isf)- Bcm-[n-p-am-bn-cp-n- Fv- Ah ]dbp-IbpwsNpw.- Ah-v- AXn-s\ kw-_\v-[n-v- bm-sXm-cp- Adn-hp-an-.Ah- Duln-p ]dbp-I am-{Xam-Ip-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 43:20).Rm- C hn-[n-em-IWsam-Wv- Am-lp- t\cs Xocpam-\n-Xv- Fv- ]dbm- bm-sXm-cm-pw- AhIm-ian-.- bmsXm cp- sXfn-hp-anm-sX,- B[n-Im-cn-Iam-b Adn-hv- Iq-Sm-sX As\ ]dbp-Ibpw- AXn-s-d ASn-kv-Ym-\n- kz-Kn-\pw- \cI n-\pw- {]kIv-Xn-bn- Fsm-cp- hm-Zw- sIn-Sp-p-Ibpw- sNp Xv- ISp- AXn-{Iaam-Ip-p.- kvYeIm-e-v- AXo-X\mb Am- l p- h n- s - d Adn- h pw- Ign- h p- s amw- \p- t SXn- \ n- v XnIpw- hy- X y- k v - X am- b n- c n- p- s av - \mw- a\n- em- Ww.kvYeIm-e ]cn-[n-I-v- hn-t[bcm-b a\p-jy-v- `q-XIm-es kw-_\v[n-v- ]cn-an-Xam-b Adn-hv- am-{Xam-bn-cn-p-ap-Xv.- `m-hnbmIs Ah-v- Xn-Ipw- APvRm-Xam-bn-cn-pw.- kvYen-sdbpwIm-en-s-dbpw- {kjv-Sm-hn-\v- `q-Xhpw- `m-hn-bpw- h-am-\hpwHcp-t]m-se Adn-bpw.- Fm- Ahs-d Adn-thm- CNv-Otbma\p-jy-s-d kzm-X{y-s\bpw- Xn-bpw- Xn-cn-dn-bm-\pwsXcsSp-m-\p-ap- Ign-hn-s\ {]Xn-Iq-eam-bn- _m-[n-p-Ibn sm-Wv- hn-hn-[ Jp-B- kq-Iv-X- kq-Nn-n-p-Xv.""Am-lp- Hcm-tfm-Spw- Abm-fp-sS Ign-hn-s]Xm-sX sNm- \n-_\v-[n-p-Ibn-.- Hm-tcm-cp- {]h-n-Xn-sd k-êw- Ahch-v- Xs.- Hm-tcm-cp-- {]h-n-Xn-sd Zp-jv-êhpw- Ahchcp-sS ta-Xs''(hn.-Jp.- 2:286).- Am-lpI-]n-p- Im-cy-- sNm-\p- Ignhv- Fm- a\p-jy-pws]m-Xp-hm-bn- Ah- \-Inbn-p-spw,- B-sn-epw- Ignhv\jv-Ssm- I-]\ A\p-kcn-m-Xn-s-d t]cn- AhIp-m-cm-hp-Ibn-sp-am-Wv- CXn-\n-v- {Kln-m-hp-Xv.Am-lp-hn-s-d ]q-h-Pv-Rm-\tam- ]q-h-\-n-iv-Nbtam- \n-an-wB-pw- \tbm- Xn-tbm- sXcsSp-m-\p- kzm-X{yw\jv-SsSp-n-spw- Cu- kq-Iv-Xn-\n-v- a\n-em-mw.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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""aXn-s-d Im-cy-n- \n-_\v-[w- sNep-te C.kmKw- Zp-am-Kn-\n-v- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- th-Xn-cn-v-Ign n-cn-p-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 2:256).- ""]dbp-I: kXyw- \n-fp-sS cn Xm-hn-- \n-p-Xm-Ip-p.- AXn-\m- Cjv-Sap-h- hn-izkn s.- Cjv-Sap-h- Ahn-iz-kn-s.- A{Ian-I-v- \mw- \cIm Kv\n- Hcp-n-shn-p-v''- (hn.-Jp.- 18:29).- Am-lp-hn-s-d ap-dnthmap-hn-[n-tbm- Im-cWam-bn- a\p-jy-v- hn-izmk kzm-X{yw- \jv SsSp-n-spw,- AXp-sIm-v- t_m-[]qh-w- Ahn-izm-kwsXcsSp-p-Xv- Ahcp-sS `m-Kp-\n-p- A{IaamsW pw- Cu- kq-Iv-X- hy-Iv-Xam-p-p.""hh\pw- t\-am-Kw- kzo-Icn-p-]w- Xs-d kz-wKp-Wn-\m-bn-sbm-Wv- Ah- t\-am-Kw- kzo-Icnp-Xv. hh\pw- hgn-]n-gp-t]m-Ip-]w- X\n-v- tZm-jn-\m-bnsbm-Wv- Ah- hgn-]n-gv- t]m-Ip-Xv.- ]m-]`m-cw- Np-abv p bm-sXm-cm-fpw- asm-cm-fp-sS ]m-]`m-cw- Np-abv-p-Ibn-.Hcp- Zq-Xs\ Abp-Xp-hsc \mw- (Bscbpw-)- in-n-p-Ibpan-''- (hn.-Jp.- 17:15).- ]ctem-Iv- Hm-tcm- hy-Iv-Xn-pw- Xs-d I-afp-sS tcJ \-IsSp- k-`s kw-_\v[nv- Am lp- ]dbp-p-: (I-afp-sS)- tcJshsSpw.- Atm- Iphmfn-Isf,- AXn-ep-Xn-s\n- `bhn-lz-ecm-b \n-ebn- \n-\vIm-Wmw.- Ah- ]dbpw-: "Atm! R-v- \m-iw.- CsXsmcptcJbm-Wv?- sNdp-tXm- hep-tXm- Bb Hpw-Xs AXv- Ir-Xyambn- tcJsSp-m-sX hn-p-Ifbp-n-tm-!'- X- {]h-n sXm-s (tcJbn)- \n-ehn-ep-Xm-bn- Ah- Ispw.- \n sd cn-Xm-hv- bm-sXm-cm-tfm-Spw- A\o-Xn- Im-Wn-p-Ibn-'' (hn.Jp.- 18:49).- a\p-jy- Xn-I kzm-X{y-tm-sS sXcsSp Po-hn-Xco-Xn-bm-Wv- Ah\v- Kp-Wam-tbm- tZm-jam-tbm- Iemin-p-sXpw- Am-lp- Cm-cy-n- BtcmSpw- Hpw- A\oXnIm-Wn-p-n-spw- Cu- kq-Iv-X sXfn-bn-p-p.k-hPvRX Am-lp-hn-s-d ]q-WXbm-Ip-p.- ]q-WPvRm- \hpw- Ign-hp-ap- Amlp- a\p-jy-\v- kz-w- am-Kw- sXcsSpm- kzm-X{yw- \-In-bXv- \o-Xn-]q-h-Iam-b Hcp- \S]Sn-bm-
Ip-p.- Am-lp-hn-s-d kq-Wam-b Adn-hv- \ap-v- A]{KYnm- Ign-bm-Xn-cn-p-I kzm-`m-hn-Iam-Wv.- AXn-\m- a\p-jy-sd \S]Sn-Ifp-sS {]Xym-Lm-X- Am-lp-hn-s-d Ip-am-bn- Nn{XoIcn-m-\p- {ia- Hpw- \o-Xo-Icn-sSm-hp-X.- Hcphn-Zym-Y-n-sb kw-_\v-[n-v- m-kv- So--v- hy-Iv-Xam-b [m-cWbp m-hp-I kzm-`m-hn-Iam-Wv.- Fm- B [m-cW \nan-am-Wvhn-Zym-Y-n- ]co-bn- tXm-Xv- Fv-]dbp-Xv- Xn-Ipw A\ym bam-bn-cn-pw.-
12
\--bp-w- Xn--bp-am-b- F-m- Im-cy--fpw- A-m-lp-hn-\n-m-Wvh-v- `-hn-p--Xv- F-v- Jp-B-\n-X-s- A-m-lp- hy-Iv-X-am-n-bncns- a-\p-jy- sN-p- \--pw- Xn--pw- F-s\-bm-Wv- a-\p-jyD-chm-Zn-bm-Ip-Xv.- F-mw- A-m-lp-hn-sdhn[n-\p-kcn-v- am{Xw- \-S-p--Xt?- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- hn-[n--\p-k-cn-v- sN-p-- {]-h-n I-v- a-\p-jy-s\- A-h- in-n-p-Ibm-sW-n- F-sm-cp- \o-XnbmWp--Xv?-
! A-m-lp- G--hpw- \-- {kjv-Sm-hm-Wv (hn.- Jp.- 23:-14).- A-hkr-jSn-sX-mw- A-h- \-bp-Xm-n-bn-cn-p-p- (hn.-Jp.- 32:7).v- a-\p-jy-s\- A-m-lp- kr-jv-Sn--Xv- G--hpw- \-- L-S-\-tbm-Sv- Iq-Sn bm-Ip-p- (hn.-Jp.- 95:4).- ""\n-\-v- h-p-`-hn-- G-Xv- \--bpw- Amlp-hn-- \n-p--Xm-Ipp.- \n-\-v- h-p-`-hn-- G-Xv- Xn-bpw\n-s-d- ]--\n-v- X-s-bp--Xm-Ip-p''- (hn.J-p.- 4:-79).- A-mlp-hn-s-d- kr-jv-Sn-pw- ]-cn-]m-e-\-hpw- in-bpw- a-cn-n--epsa mw- A-hs\- A-t]-n-v- \-Xpw- \ym-bhp-am-b- \S-]Sn-Ifm-Ipp.- a-\p-jy-\v- Nn-n-m-\pwhn-th-Nn-m-\pw- C-jv-S-ap--Xv- sXc-s Sp-m-\pw- A-m-lp- kzmX{yw- \-In-b-Xpw- A-h-s-d- \ym-bamb- \-S-]Sn-I-fn-sem-m-Ip-p.- C-Xn-sem-pw- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- `mKp-\n-v- bm-sXm-cp- A-\o-Xn-bpw- Dm-bn-n-.- ""A-Sn-b-m-tcm-SvA-\oXn- Im-Wn-m- A-m-lp- D-t-in-p-n''- (hn.-Jp.- 40:-31).-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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{]-]-w-ap-gp-h- A-m-lp- k-r-jv-Sn--Xm-Wv.- {]-]--n-sekq-v-a-hpw- kv-Yq-e-hp-am-b- hy-h-kv-Y-I-sf-mw- A-h- \n-iv-N-bn-Xm-Wv.- a-\p-jy- {]-]-n-s-d- `m-K-am-b-X-p-sIm-v- Cu- \nivN-bw- A-h-\v-Iq-sS- _m-[-I-am-Wv.- F-m- A-m-lp- hn-]p-e-ambC-Nv-Om-kzm-X-{yw- \-In-bn-p--Xn-\m- G-Xv- Im-cy-n-epw\ym-b-tam- A-\ym-b-tam- i-cn-tbm- sX-tm- B-b- \n-e-]m-Sp-I- sXcs-Sp-m- a-\p-jy-\v- I-gn-bpw.- H-cp- D-Zm-l-c-W-n-eqsS- C-m cyw- hy-Iv-X-am-mw.- ssew-Kn-Im-h-b-h-- A-Xo-h-kq-v-a-am-bhy-h-kv-Y-I-tfm-sS- kw-hn-[m-\n--Xv- Am-lp-hm-Wv.- ssew-Kn-IhnIm-cw- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- hn-in-jv-S- Zm-\--fn-sem-m-Wv.- a-\p-jyPo-hn-X-n-s-d- hn-hn-[-X-e--sf- kv-\n-Kv-[-hpw- kp-c-`n-e-hpamp - ssh-Im-cn-I- km^-ey-hpw- hw-i-h-[-\-bpw- ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsSk-^-e--fm-Wv.- a-\pjy-\-v \-I-fp-sS- \n-d-hm-Wv- \--h-\m-b-{kjv-Sm-hv C-Xp-sIm-v- D-t-in-n-p-Xv.- k-n^n-en-kpw- Fbv-Uvkpw- aptJ-\- a-\p-jy-s\- ]o-Un-n-p-I-b- ssew-Kn-I- hy-hkv-Ykw-hn-[m-\n--Xn-s-d- e-yw.- F-m- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS- t\scsX-m-b- \n-e-]m-Sv- kzo-I-cn-m- Kp-cp-X-c-am-b- Kp-ly-tcm-K-D-s-sS- ]-e- Zp-jv-^-e--fpw- a-\p-jy- A-\p-`-hn-t-n-h-cpw.I-akzm-X{yw- Zp-cp-]tbm-Ks-Sp-p-- a-\p-jyam-{X-amWvCu- Zp-c-h-kv-Y-v- D--c-hm-Zn.- ssew-Kn-Im-h-b-h-- kr-jvSn-A-m-lp-sh- Ip-s-Sp-p--Xn-\v- bm-sXm-cp- \ymb-hp-an-.- Am lp- A-h-s-d- hn-[n-ap-tJ-\- B-sc-bpw- A-hn-ln-X- ssew-KnI- thgvN-v- \n-_-\v-[n-X-\m-p-n-s-m-Wv,- A-Y-hm- ssZ-h-hn-[n- \nanw- \--Xpw- No--bpw- sX-c-s-Sp-m-\p-- a-\p-jy-s-d- kzmX-{yw- \-jv-S-s-Sp-n-s-m-Wv- ]-e- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X--fn\n-pw- {K-ln-m- Ign-bp--Xv.""]-dbp-I:- - k-Xyw- \n-fp-sS- c-n-Xm-hn-- \n-p-Xm-Ipp.A-Xn-\m- (hn-iz-kn-m)- C-jv-S-ap--h- hn-iz-kn--s-.- (Ahn-iz-kn-m-) Cjv-S-ap--h- Ahn-iz-kn--s.- A{I-an-I-v\mw- \-c-Im-Kv-\n- H-cp-n-sh-n-p-v''- (hn.- Jp-B- 18:-29).a-\p-jy- kz-X{-am-bn- hn-izm-ktam- A-hn-izm-ktam- sX-csSp-Wsa-pw- A-Xn-s-d- kzm-`m-hn-I- ^-ew- A-h- A-\p-`hn-W- -
sa-p-am-Wv- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- hn-[n- F-s{X- Cu- h-N\n-\nv- {K-ln-m-hp-Xv.- R-- sX-m-b- hn-izm-ktam- I-atam- kzo-I -cn-Wsa-v- A-m-lp- hn[n-Xp-sIm-t- A-s\- kw`-hn-Xv - F-v- h-hcpw- tNm-Zn-t-mw.- ]-t,- A-m-lp- B- \ymbw- AwKo- I-cn-p-Ibn-s-v- h-nip-- Jp-B\n- hy-IvXam-nbn-p-v.- ""B- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I- ]-d-t-pw-;- A-m-lp- D-t-in-ncp-s-n- R--tfm- R--fp-sS- ]n-Xm--tfm- in-v- (_-lpssZ-hm-cm-[-\)- sNp-am-bn-cp-n--;- R-- bm-sXm-pw- \n-jnam-p-am-bn-cp-p-an-- Fv.- AXp-t]m-se- A-hcp-sS- ap-Km-anIfpw\-p-sS- in-- B-kz-Zn-p--Xp-h-sc- \n-tj-[np-I-f-bp-I-bpmbn.- ]-d-bpI-:- \n--fp-sS-]-- h- hn-h-c-hp-ap-tm?- F-nR-v- \n-- A-sXm-v- sh-fn-s-Sp-n--cq.- Du-l-sam-{X-am-Wv- \n-- ]n-p-S-cp--Xv.- \n-- A\p-am-\n-p-I- am{Xam-Wv- sN-p--Xv''- (hn.-Jp:- 6:-148).-
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A-m-lp- Hcp- {-]Xn-\n-[n-sb `q-an-bn- \n-tbm-Kn-p-hm- Xo-cp-am\n-p-Ibpw- Fn-v- BZan-s\bpw- lsbbpw- kzKn- {]thinn-p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp- Fm-Wv- Jp-B- ]dbp-Xv.- hn-es I\n- Xn-Xv-Im-cWam-Wv- cp-t]cpw- kz-Kn-\n-v- ]p-dmssXv- Jp-B\pw- ss__n-fpw- ]dbp-p.Chn-sS ssZhn-s-d Xo-cp-am-\hpw- kw-`hhpw- Xn- sshcpy-an-t?- Asn- Chn-sS Fv- ""ssZhw- Ifn''bm-Wv- \SXv?-
!{]]\m-Y- Hcp- Ifn-Xam-im-c\.- ""BIm-isbpw- `qansbbpw- Ah cn-\pw- CSbn-ep-Xn-s\bpw- \mw- Ifn-bm-bnsmv- kr-jvSn-X''- (21:16,- 44:38)- Fv- Ah- hn-ip- JpB\nhy-Iv-Xam-n-bn-p-v.- Ahs-d Xo-cp-am-\sfbpw- \S]SnIsf bpw- kw-_\v-[n-v- Ah- thZ{K\v-Yfn-eq-sS Adn-bn-XnIq-Sp-Xem-bn- bm-sXm-pw- Adn-bm- \ap-v- Ign-bn-.- ""BImi
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fpw- `qan-bpw- Ah cn-\pw- CSbn-ep-Xpw \ymb{] Im-camsX \mw- kr-jv-Sn-n-n-''- (15:85)- Fv- hn-ip- JpB \n- hy-IvXam n-bnp-Xn-\m- ssZhn-Iam-b GXv- \S]Sn-bpw- bp-IvXn-]qhI am-bn-cn-p-sav- Ddm-Wv.BZan-s\bpw- CWsbbpw- Am-lp- kr-jv-Sn-Xv- Fhn-sS shm-sWv- hn-ip- Jp-B\n- hy-Iv-Xam-n-bn-n-. kr-jvSnptm- Xs Dtin-n-cp-Xv- Ahsc `q-an-bn- {]Xn-\n[n-Ifm-m-\m-sWn-epw- AXn-\p-ap-v- Ahsc Hcp- CSmhfn- Ipdp-Im-ew- Xm-akn-n-Xv- B Dtiy-n-\v- hn-cpamsWv- ]dbm-hp-X.- Hcp- \m-n- kp-{][m-\am-b Hcp- ZuXyw\n-h-ln-m- sXcsSp-s hy-Iv-Xn-sb asm-cp- \m-nXm-akn-n-v- ]cn-io-e\w- \-Ip-Xn- Akzm-`m-hn-IXbn-tm.k-h-Pv-R\pw- ]caImcp-Wn-I\p-am-b Am-lp-hn-s-d hn-[n-hne p-Isf am-\n-m-Xn-cp-m- Ijv-S\jv-S- A\p-`hn-tnhcpw- F \n-Xy-{]kIvXam-b ]m-Tw- ]Tn-n-Xn-\p-tijw- Ahsc `q-an-bn-tev- AbXv- Xn-Ipw- kw-KXw-Xs.BZan-s\bpw- ]Xv-\n-sbbpw- BZyw- Xm-akn-n-Xv- "Pn'em-bn-cp-p-shm-Wv- hn-ip- Jp-B\n- ]dn-p-Xv.- kzw- Fpw- tXm-w- Fpw- Px- F ]Zn-\v- A-Y-ap-v.GXm-bm-epw- 2:36 kq-Iv-Xw- kq-Nn-n-p-Xv- Cu- kv-Yew- `q-an bn-em-bn-cp-n-sm-Wv.- ""Fm- ]n-im-Nv- Ahsc AXn-\nvhy-Xn-Nen-n-p.- Ahsc ]p-dw-Xp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.- \mw- ]dp: \n-- Cdn-tm-Iq.- \n-fn- Nn-e- Nne-v- i{Xp-fm-Ipp.- \n--v- `q-an-bn- Hcp- \n-iNn-XIm-ew-hsc hm-kkvYehpwvPo-hn-X hn-`hfpw- Dm-bn-cn-pw''.- Cu- Jp-B- kq-Iv-Xwkz-Kn-\n-v- (AYhm- tXm-n-\n-v)- ]pdw-Xn-bXn-\ptijam-Wv- BZan-s\ `q-an-bn-tev- AbXv- Fm-Wtm- kqNnnp-Xv.BZan-s\bpw- lsbbpw- Xm-akn-n-Xv- GZ- tXm-n-em sWs{X ss__n-fn-se ]cm-a-iw.- Ahsc Xm-akn-n-Xv- `qanbn-seXs Hcp- tXm-n-em-bn-cn-m-sav- Np-cpw-Nn-e ap-kvenw]Wv-Un-Xm-cpw- A`n-{]m-bsn-pv.- GXm-bm-epw- `q-an-bn-se
km-[m-cW Po-hn-Xn-tev- Ahsc Xn-cnp-hn-Sp-Xn-\p-ap-vkar-n-\n-d Hcp- CSm-e hm-kkv-Yev- Ahsc Xm-aknnXv- a\p-jy- \n-tbm-Ks kw-_\v-[n- ssZhn-I Xo-cp-am-\n\vhn-cpam-sWv- ]dbm- km-[y-a.-
14
C-kv-em-an-s-d- {]-Im-iw- Fm-- \n-c-h-[n- tKm-{X-h-K--fpw- BZn-hm-kn-I-fpw- C-pw- B{^n--bn-epw- C-y-bp-sS- Nn-e- `mK--fn-ep-sam s-bm-bn- Po-hn-p-p.- Ckv-emw- kzo-I-cn-m--Xn-s-d- t]cn- Amlp- A-h-sc- in-np-tam?- F-n- AXv- A-m-lp- sN-p-- A-\o Xn-b-t?-
!""H-cp- Zq-X-s\- A-b-p--Xp-h-sc- \mw- (B-sc-bpw)- in-n-pX-''- (17:-15)- F-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B-\n- hyIv-X-am-n-bn-p-v.""Xo-bm-bpw- F-m- k-ap-Zm-bfn-epw- \mw- Hm-tcm- Zq-Xs\- \ntbm- Kn-n-p-v''- (16:-36)- Fpw- Jp-B-\n- ]-d-n-p-v.- apl--Zv\-_n- (k)-sb- kw-_-\v-[nv- A-dn-hv- e-`n-m-- k-aq-l---pwG-I-ssZ-h- hn-izm-k-s-p-dn-v-GtXm-X-c-n-ep-- [m-c-W-bpsv- X-s-bm-Wv- hn-Pv-Rm-\-tIm-i--fn-\n-pw-a-pw- {K-lnm- Ign-bp-Xv.- G-tXm-Im-ev- B- k-aq-ln-te-v- \n-tbmKn-s-- ssZ-h-Zq-X- ]-Tn-n--Xn-s-d- ti-jn-m-bn-cnpw- B- [mcW-sb-m-Wv- I-cp-Xm-hp--Xv.- k-Xym-t\z-j-Ww- I-gn-hn-sd- ]-camh-[n- \-S-m- F-m- k-aq-l--pw- _m-[y-X-bp-v.- k-Xy-k tiw-- F-n-p-sIm-Sp-m- F-m- {]-tZ-i--fn- Xm-a-kn-pap-kv-enw-I-pw- I-S-a-bp-v.- _m-[-y-X-I- \n-h-ln-p--Xnho-gv-N- h-cp-n-b-h-sc-sb-mw- A-m-lp- tNm-Zyw-sN-p-sa-v- hnip- Jp-B-\n-\n-v- a\-n-em-m- I-gn-bp-p.- F-m- k-XyaX-s- kw-_-\v-[n-v- bm-sXmcp- A-dn-hpw- e-`n-m-sX- a-cn-p-t]-m b-h-sc- A-m-lp- in-n-p-I-bn-s-v- Xs-bm-Wv- [m-cm-fw- Jp B- kqIv-X--fn-\n-v- e-`n-p-- kq-N-\.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
40
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apkvenw-Isf klmbn \psS (Amlphnsd) _m[yXbm sWv JpB 30:47 ]dbpp. Fnst apkvenwIv Fhn sSbpw ]cmPbw am{Xw?
IqSnbmWXv. Amlp A{IanIsf CjvSsSpIbn'(3:140). hnip JpB\nse 85mw A[ymbn Nne Im]menI Hcp InSn hndIv Inv AXnenv kXyhnizmknIsf Npp Icnncp kw`hw hnhcnnpv.
!30:47 kqIvXnsd ]cn`mj C{]ImcamIpp: "\n\v apv

]e ZqXmscbpw AhcpsS P\Xbntev \mw \ntbmKnnpv. Fnv hyIvXamb sXfnhpIfpwsImv B ZqXm Ahcp sSbSpv sNp. Atm- IpIcamb \ne]mSv kzoIcn hcpsS Imcyn \mw inm\S]Sn kzoIcnp. hnizmknIsf klmbnpI FXv \psS _m[yXbmIpp'. ssZhZqXmcpsS t\sc AXn{Iaw ImWn [nmcnIfmb Nne kaqlsf Amlp inntm B inbns] SmsX B ZpXmscbpw AhcpsS IqsSbp hnizmknIsfbpw cnm Amlp _m[yXtb ImcyamWv Cu kqIvXn ]cmainnpXv. kXyhnizmknIsf samambn Dqe\w sNm i{Xp {iantmsgms XymKn\pw cIvXkm yn\pw kcmbhv Amlp hnPbw \Inb F{X tbm kw`hv Ncn{Xw kmywhlnnpv. JpssdinI pw t]jympw tdmammpw XmmcnIpw Ipcnipbpmpw FXncn Amlp apkvenwIv hnP bw \Inbnpv. Fm bpn apkvenwIv Hcnepw ]cmPbapm hpIbnstm, apkvenwIv IjvS\jvSsfmpw t\cnSpI bnstm hn-ip JpB\n ]dnn. Fp am{Xa adnp ]e ]cmaifpw JpB\n ImWmhpXpamWv. "\nntm tISp]mSpI ]nbnpsn (apv) Aq-pw AXpt]mse tISp]mSpI ]nbnpv. B (bp) Znhkfnse Pb]cmPb BfpInSbn \mw amnsmncnpXmWv. hnizknhsc Amlp Xncndnbm \pw \nfn\nv cIvXkmnIsf Dmnom\pw
16
kqd-p-Pvav- kqw 9 Cs\ ImWmw: "As\ Atlw cp h-np-I-fpsS AI-e-ntem AXns\-m ASptm Bbn-cpp''-. apl-Zv \_n (k.-A) bpw Pn_vcoepw Xn-ep kmao-]ys Amlp D]-an-n-cn-p-I-bmWv Chn-sS. cp h-np-I-fpsS AI-en tem AXn-s\-m ASptm Fp kwibw am\p-jn-Iam-Wtm? A[-ym-bw:-37 kqw 147 ""At-ls Hcp etam AXn-e-[nI tamhcp P\-hn-`m-K-n-tev \ntbm-Kn-p''- F-p- Im-Wp-p-. kh m\n-bmb Am-lp-hn\v bq\pkv \_nsb ]d-p-hn P\-hn-`mKns F-n kwi-btam? a\p-jy-cpsS `mj-bn-emWv Amlp kwkm-cn--sX-n IrXy-amb IWv ]d-m AXv a\p-jy-cpsS `mj Am-Xm-hn-tm.
!Pn_vco (A) F aev nc-amb Hcp ep\np

F-, D-X-amb m\v \nv {ItaW \_n (k) bpsS ASp-tv \on-sb-mWv kqd-p-Pvan ]d-n-p--Xv. ""At-l-am-Is AXyp--X-amb a-e-n-em-bn-cp-p. ]ns Atlw ASp-p-h-p. As\ IqSp-X ASp-p''- (hn.-Jp. 53: 7, 8).- Cu \on At-lhpw \_n (k) bpw Xn-ep A-I-ew- Aev]mev]w hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cnpw FpX-sbm Wtm a\-n-em-m-hp--Xv. t_m[\w \evIn-sm-n-cn-s s Pn_vco Aev]w\on-sb-n AXnepw Akz-`m-hn-IXbn. Hcp {]hm-N-Is {]t_m-[-\-Im-ev Hcp \K-c-nse P\ kwJy sNdnb am-v hnt[-b-am-Im-hp--Xm-Wv. P\-\hpw ac-Whpw CSbvv \S-p-sIm-n-cn-pw. Ipn-I hfv {]mb-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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]qn-sb-pw. As\ A`n-kw-t_m-[nX P\-X-bpsS kwJy {ItaW amdpw. sNdnb h-\bp-m-Im-\mWv an-hmdpw km[y X. Cu Imcy-sfms ]cn-K-Wn-mImw Hcp-e-tam AXn-e[n-Itam Fv ]d-Xv. 53:9 Pn_vco F aepw \_n (k) bpw Xn-ep AIew ao, skn ao, ann ao IW-n AXn-kq-vaambn hnh-cn-p--Xn\v \nW-m-bI {]m[m-\y-an-sv Bpw a\-n-em-m-hp-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm-m-bn-cnmw Ad_n-Ivkp]-cn-Nn-X-amb "Jm_-Ju-ssk-\n-Hu-AZv\m' F ssien {]tbm-Kn--Xv. P\-kwJy \qdv, ]v, H Fo m\--fnse A- D]-tbm-Knv Xn-s-Sp-p--Xn\v bq\pkv \_n (k)bpsS Ncn{Xw hnh-cn-p-t-Sv {]k-n-bn F Imcyhpw kphn-Zn-X-am-Ip-p. ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSv Ahv {Kmly-am-Ip `mj-bnepw ssien-bnepw kwkm-cn-p-Xv Xs-bmWv kwKX-am-bn-p--Xv.
C-kv-emapwbp-Iv-Xn-hm-Z-hpw-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
C-kv-emapwbp-Iv-Xn-hm-Z-hpw-
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{]-]--n-se- tIm-Sm-\ptIm-Sn- Kym-e-Iv-kn-I-fn- H-cp- Kym-e-Iv-knbn - X-s- tIm-Sm-\p-tImSn- \--{X-- D-s-m-Wv- im-kv-{Xw- ]dbp --Xv.- C-{X-bpw- {]-hn-im-e-am-b- Cu- {]-]n - H-cp- s\-n--bpsSb-{X-t]mepw- kv-Ym-\w- `q-an-v- e-`n-p-I-bn.- h-kv-Xp-X- C-Xm-bn-cn-s\n-mc-n- \n--m-c-\m-b,- GXm-\pw- aq-e-I-- am-{X-am-b- a-\pjy\v'- {]-]\m-Y\v- ap-n-ep-- A-kvXn-Xz-sa-v?- H-cp- \nivNn-X{I-an- - am-{X-ap-- A-hs-d- Po-hn-Xn-s-d- A-s-n- B-cm-[\bp-sS- t{]c- I-sav?- Np-p-ap-- Po-hn-I-sf- At]n-v- Xm-c-X-ta-y-\- ]p-tcmK-an-Po-hn-sb-- \n-e-bn- X\nv- Np-p-ap--hv-Iq-Sn- Blm-cw,- h-kv{Xw,]m-n-Sw- apXem-b- {]m-Y-an-I- D-]m-[n-I-v- thn-bp-- {]-h--\at-th-Xv?- A-X-t- G--hpw-Daw?-
!Kym-e-Iv-kn-I- ap-X-- ]-c-am-Wp-fpw- A-h-bp-sS- L-S-I-fpw

hsc- k-I-e- N-cmN-c--fpw- A-Xn-kq-v-a-am-b- hy-h-kv-Y-b-\p-kcn m-Wv- h-n-p-Xv.- A-hbp-sS- D-]nbpw- hn-Im-khpw- hn\mi-hp-samw- A-ew-Ly-am-b- ù-Xn-I- \n-b-a--v- hn-t[-b-am-Wv.Cu- hy-h-kv-Y-bpw- {I-a-hpw- G-sX-n-epw- ù-Xn-I-h-kv-Xp- kz-bwB-hn-jv-I-cn--Xm-sWv- km-am-\y-_p-n-bp-- B-cpw- I-cpXm\nSbn-.- a-p- N-cm-N-c--fn-\n-v- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- hn-ti-j_pnbpw- {]-h--\-kzm-X-{y-hpw-sImv- A-\p-Kr-lo-X-\m-ba-\p-jysd- A-Xy-w- k-oW--am-b- A-kv-Xn-Xz-am-I-s- A-Xp ey-{]-`mhn-bmb- Hcp- {k-jv-S-m-hn-s-d- k-m-n-[yw- hyIv-X-ambn-
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hnfn-tm-Xpp.X-s-d- _p-n-bpsS-bpw- ]-t-{n-b--fp-sS-bpw- ]-cn-[n-bnh-cp-- ùXn-I- h-kv-Xp--sf- kz-X-{-am-bn- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-pa-\p-jy- A`q-X-]q-h-am-b- t\--- ssI-h-cn-p-I-bpw- A-]-cn lm-cy-am-b- sI-Sp-Xn-Iv- h-gn-sbm-cp-p-I-bpw- sNpp.- ZphnIm-cfm-epw- Zp-tam-lfm-epw- \bn-s-Sp-- a-\p-jy- krjv- - Sn-p-- am-\-hn-I- {]-iv-\--fmWv- Cv- a-\p-jy-cm-in-sb- G-sdZp-cn-Xfn-em-gp-Xv.- a-\n-s\- kz-NOhpw- \n-aehp-am-p- vv- - D-Zvt_m-[-\--fn-eq-sS-b-m-sX- Cu- Zpc-h-kv-Y-v- am--ap-m-mI-gn-bn-.- ssh-Pv-Rm-\n-I- hn-kvt^m-S-\w- \-S-- \m-Sp-I-fn-epw- a\pjy-Xzw- -tbm-p-J-am-bn-sm-tbn-cn-p--Xn-\m- ssZhn-Iam-KZ-i\s- ]np-Scp-Ibm-sX- a-\p-jy- \-m-Im- asm - - cp- am-K-hpw- A-h-ti-jn-p-n.a-\p-jy-sc-mw- ssZ-hs- A-\p-kcn-m-epw- A-Xp-sIm-v- Ah\v- {]tXy-I- t\--sam-pw- D-m-Im-\n-.- ap-gp-h- a-\p-jy-cpw-IqSn[n-m-cn-Ifpw- Zp-\-S-]-Sn-m-cp-am-bn- am-dn-bmepw- ssZ-h-n-\v- Hcp\-jv-S-hpw- kw-`-hn-p-I-bp-an-.- t\--hpw- tIm--hpw- a-\p-jy-vX-s-bm-Ip-p.- a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xw- B-Xy-n-Iam-bn- \-jvSam-Im-Xncn- m -th-n- ]c-a-Im-cp-WnI-\m-b- ssZ-hw- am-K-Z-i-\w- \Ipp- F-v-am-{Xw.- Amlp- ]-d--Xm-bn- ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)D-cn-pp-:- ""F-s-d- Zm-k-m-tc,- \n--fn-se- ]q-h-n-I-cpw- ]n m-e-m-cpw- a-\p-jy-cpw- Pn-p-I-fp-sa-mw- \n-fn- G--hpw- ÌvX-\m-b- H-cm-fp-sS- a-\-kv-Yn-Xn-tbm-sS- h-n-m-epw- AXv- FsdA-[n-Im-c-n- bm-sXm-cp- h--\-h-pw- h-cp-p-I-bn-.- FsdZm-k-m-tc,- \n--fn-se- ]q-h-n-I-cpw- ]n-m-e-m-cpw- a-\p-jycpwPn-p-I-fp-sa-mw- \n--fn- G--hpw- Zp-j-vS-\m-b- H-cm-fp-sS- a-\-kv Yn-Xn-tbm-sS- h-n-m-epw- A-Xv- F-s-d- A[n-Im-cn- bmsXmcp- Ip-dhpw- h-cp-p-Ibn-.- F-s-d- Zmk-m-tc,- \n-fn-se- ]qhnI-cpw- ]n-m-e-m-cpw- a\p-jy-cpw- Pn-p-I-fp-sa-mw- Hcp- thZnbn - H-cp-an-p-\n-nv- F-tmSv- tNm-Zn-p-Ibpw- A-h-s-mw- AhtNm-Zn--Xv- Rm- \-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm-epw- Fs- ]--ep--
Xn- bmsXmcp- Ip-d-hpw- A-Xp-sImv- Dm-hp-I-bn--;- kq-Nn- ISen- ap-n-sb-Sp-m- A-Xv- aq-ew- I-S-en-se- sh--n- I-p-d hp-m-Ip--Xp-t]m-se-b-m-sX''- (ap-k-venw- D-cn--Xv).- `q-an-bp-sSbpw- a-\p-jy-s-d-bpw- \n-m-c-X-sb- kw-_-\v-[n--- tNm-Zy-I-mhn-sd- [m-c-W- H-sm-s- i-cn-bm-sW-n-epw- G-Xv- \n--m-c- Im-cy nepw- ]q-W{i-- sN-ep-p-- ]c-aIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b- cn-Xmhns\- kw_-\[n- [m-cW- Iq-Sp-X- kqvahpw- A\yq-\hpw- BtIv- -Xp-v.a-\p-jy-s\- Ip-sd- aq-e-I--fp-sS- k-ap--bw- am-{X-am-bn- I-mt]mc.- Zi-e---W-n\v- - P-p-h-K--sm-p-an-m-hntij-_p-n-bpw- A-kv-Xn-Xz kzm-X-{y-hpw- \-In- A\p-{K-ln-s- k-hn-ti-j- kr-jv-Sn-bm-Wv- a\p-jy.- A-h-\v- X-s-d- AkvXn-Xzn-s-d- km-[y-X-I--\p-k-cn-v- {k-jv-Sm-hn-t\m-Sv- h-en-bD-c-hmZn--ap-v.- B- D--c-hm-Zn-- \nh-l-W-n-eqsS-bmWv- a-\p-jy\v- \-iz-c-hpw- A-\-iz-c-hp-am-b- Pohn-X--fn- hn-P-bwssI-h-cp-Xv.a-\p-jy-cp-sS- A-Sn-kvYm-\m-hiy-fn- A-hsc- k-lm-bn-pXpw ssZ-h-tm-Sp-- _m-[y-X-I-fp-sS- H-cp- `mKw-X-s-bm-Wv.- a\pjy-sc- ]m-c-X-{y-n-\n-pw- ]-n-W-n-bn\npw- tam-Nnn-t-Xv- am-\-hn-I- {]Xn-k-\v-[n- X-c-Ww- sN-p--Xn-\pw- tam-w- e`np--Xn-\pw- A-\n-hm-cy-am-b- Imcy-am-bn-m-Wv- hn-ip-- JpBhn-e-bn-cpp--Xv.""F-n-v- B- a-e-m-X-bn- A-h- X-n--b-dn-bn-.- B- a-e m-X- Fm-sW-v- \n-\-dn-bm-tam?- H-cp- A-Sn-asb- tam-Nn-npI-tbm- ]-n-Wn-bp-- \m-fn- Ip-Spw-_- _-\v-[-ap-- Hcp- A-\m-Y bv-tm- I-Sp--Zm-cn-{Zy-ap-- Hcp- km-[p-hn-t\m- `--Ww- sIm-Sp p-I-tbm- sN-p-I-b-s{X- A-Xv.- ]pd-sa,- hn-iz-kn-p-I-bpw- -asIm-pw- Im-cp-Wyw-sIm-pw- ]-c-kv-]-cw- D-]-tZ-in-p-I-bpw- sNbvX-h-cp-sS- Iq--n- A-h- B-bn-o-cp-I-bpw -sN-p-I''- (hn.-Jp.90:-1117)-.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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18
-Hcp- a-X-n-s-d-bpw- hnizm-k- {]-am-W-w- Zm-i-\n-I-a-.- {]-Xyp-XtIp-tI-hn- am-{X-am-Wv.- sN-Ip-m-s\- Iq-Sm-sX- \n-e-\n-]n-m-a-X-amWv- {In-kv-Xp-a-Xw.- A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s- ]-n-a-Xw- Fv- hn-e-sImSp-pw- Ahs\- \n-e-\n-pw.- _p-a-Xw- ]d-bpw- Zpx-J-am-Wv- ]-c-a-k Xyw.- Bibm-Wv- F-m- Zpx-J-n-\pw- Im-c-Ww.- A-Xp-sIm-v- B-isbsh-Sn-bpI.- F-m-h-cpw- ]m-]n-I-fm-Wv.- ]m-]-n-s-d- hn-e- a-c-W-hpw- \cI-hp-am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-v- c--I-s\-t-Sp-I- F--XmWv- {In-kv-Xp-aX-n-s-d- A[ym-]-\w.- A--y-\ym-b-hn-[n- hcpw.- A-Xp-sIm-v- ssZhnI- I-]\- A-\p-kcn-p-sIm-pI- F-v- C-kvemw- I-]n-p-p.- Iayq Wn-khpw- Hcp- a-X-am-Wv.- ^yq-U-en-kv-v- hy-h-kv-Y-bn-epw- _q-jzm- hy-hkvY-bn-epsam-s-Xs- Nqj-Ww- am-{X-am-Wv- \-Sp-Xv.- A-Xp-sImpX-s- kv-t-n-\p th-n- kz-Im-cy- kz-v- D-t]-n-p-hm- A-h- B lzm-\w- sN-p-p.- Cu- a-X--fpw- C-k--fp-sa-mw- k-Xy-n- a-\pjys\- Xs-d- _-e-lo\-X-sb- ap-X-emn- `-b-s-Sp-n-sm-v- ASn-an-em-gvn- A-[o-iXz-hpw- A-[n-Im-chpw- ]n-Sn-s-Sp-v- Nqj-Ww- sNp-Xn-\p-th-n- kv-Ym-]n -s-- hnhn--[- G-m-Sp-I- am-{X-a-t?- a-Xfp-sS-bpw- Ck--fp-sS bpsa-mw- N-cn-{Xw- ]Tn-n-p--X-X-t?-
! Z-i\w- F-m- Im-gvN,- D-m-gvN,- Im-gvNm-Sv- F-sm-sbm- Wv- A-Y-w.- Zm-i-\n-Iw- F-m- Z-i-\-n-s-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\n-ep--Xv.- Z-i-\w- c-v- X-c-ap-v-;- ssZ-hn-I-hpw- ùXn-I-hpw.hn-ti-j-_p-n-bpw- Nn-m-i-Iv-Xn-bpw- D-]-tbm-Kn-v- a-\p-jy- t\Snsb-Sp-p-- D-m-gv-N-tbm- Im-gv-N-m-tSm- B-Wv- ù-Xn-I- Z-i\w.k-hPR\m-b- ssZ-hw- {]-hm-NIm-v- \-Ip-- sh-fn-]mSnsd- v- - A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-n-ep-- Po-hn-X- ho--W-am-Wv- ssZ-hn-I- Z-i\w.a-Xn-\pw- Cu- hn-`P\w- _m-[Iam-Ip-p.- A-km-[m-cW- {]Xn- - `m-im-en-I-sf-tm- k-hn-ti-j-kn-n-bp--h-sc-tm- I-cp-X-s-Nn-e- B-hn-jv-I-cn-- X--z-- A-h-cp-sS- Im-e-tm- ]n-me-tm- a-X-w- F-- t]-cn- hy-h-l-cn--s-- kw-`-h-- F-{Xtbm- D-m-bn-p-v.- Nm-hm-I-s--bpw- _p-s-d-bpw- a-X-- Cu-
hIp-n-em-Wv- D-s-Sp-I.- C--c-n-ep--h-sb- ku-I-cy-n-\pth-n- ù-Xn-I- a-Xsf-v- hn-fn-mw.- am-Iknk-s-bpw- Nne- vCu- hn-`m-K-n- D-s-Sp-m-dp-v.- kz-bw- ssZ-h--fm-bpw- ssZ hm-hXm-cfm-bpw- Na-- a-\p-jy-cp-sS-hIbm-tbm- Ah-cp-sS- t]- - cn-tem- kv-Ym-]n-X-am-b- Nne- "B-Xv-ao-b-]--Xn'-I-fpw- a-X-sa- t]cn- A-dn-b-s-Sm-dp-v.- C-cw- a-X--fp-sS- h-Iv-Xm-- ùXnIa-Xw- F- hn-ti-j-Ww- Cjv-S-s-Sm-\n-S-bn.- Fm- Ahbp sSsb-mw- bYm-Y- e-yw- ù-Xn-I-am-b- ta-m-l--fp-sS- kmêyam-sW-- Im-cyw- A-h-cm-cpw- \n-tj-[n-p-n-.k-hPR\pw- k-hiIX\p-am-b- ssZ-hw- sX-cs-Sp-- ZqX - v- - - v- m- Ah- A-dn-bn-p-sIm-Sp-Xn-s-d- A-Sn-kvYm-\n- temI sc- ]-Tn-n- A-[ym-]-\--fp-sS- Bs-I-p-I-bm-Wv- ssZ-hn-IaXw.B-Zw (A) a-p-X- B-bn-c--W-n- {]-hm-N-I-m- ssZ-hnIaX-n-s-d- {]t_m-[-\w- \n-h-ln-n-p-v.- G-I-ssZ-h-Xzw,- {]hm N-I-Xzw,- ]-c-tem-Iw- F-n-h-bn-ep-- hn-izm-k-am-Wv- A-h-sc-mwDun--d--Xv.- {]-hm-N-I-m-cp-sS- Im-e-ti-jw- A-h-cp-sS- k-aqln-se- ]p-tcm-ln-X-m- X--fp-sS- ù-Xn-I- Xm-]-cy--vA-\p-kr-X-am-bn- th-Z-{K-\v-Y-- Xn-cp-n-sb-gp-Xp-I-tbm- Zp-hymJym-\w- \-Sp-Itbm- sN-bXXn-sd-- ^-eam-bn-m-Wv- hn-hn[- {]hmv- N-I-m-cp-sS- t]-cn-ep-- a-X-- X-n- au-en-I-am-b- A--c-apm-b-Xv.{]-hm-N-I--m-cm-cpw- a-\p-jy-sc- ASn-kv-Ym-\-c-ln-X-am-b- `-b-n em-gv-p-I-tbm- Nq-j-Ww- \-S-p-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xn-n-.- {]-]--s bm-sI- ]cn]m-en-p-- \m-Y- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- \-pwhn-Pbn\p- am-bn- \-Inb- am-K-Z-i-\-- A-w-Ko-I-cn-m-Xn-cp-mkzm`mhn-I-am-bn- D-m-Ip-- `hn-jy-p--sf-p-dn-v- Xm-o-Xv\-IpI-bm-Wv- {]-hm-N-Im- sN-bv-X-Xv.- A-h- \-In-b- km mK-n-I-\n-tZ-i--fp-sS- au-en-I-X- hn-th-I-a-Xn-I-v- F-mepw- t_m[y-am-bnp-v.- tem-I-c-n-Xm-hn-s-d- bYm-Y- A-Sn-a I-fmbn- Po-hn--h,- a-\p-jy- A-\ym-b-am-bn- A-h-Im-is- b-P am-\Xzs- X-n-dv- kz-X{-cpw- D-Xcp-am-bn- am-dp-IbmWp- - m-b-Xv.-
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19
]pcp-jm-[n-]Xy hyh-n-Xn-bp GsXmcp kaq-l-nepw kv{Xo Hcn-epw kzX-{-b-. kaq-l-n kv{Xo Fpw ]pcp-js XSh-d-bn-em-Wv. kv{Xo BZ-cn--sp Fv AhIm-i-s-Sp Ckv-e-mans kmaq-lnI {Ia-nepw ]pcp-j-\mWv kh- al-Xzw. kv{XobpsS A[o-i-Xztam kv{Xo]p-cpj kaXztam {]tbm-K-h-XvI-cn Hcp aX-Zi \hpw temI-p-m-bn-n-. Hcp sân-\n-ns Cu Btcm-]-Ws Jn-m-\m-hptam?
! khX{ kzX-{-amb Hcp PohnXw kv{Xotm ]pcp-jt\m

Hcn-epw KpW-I-c-am-hn-. imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-Ihpw kmaq-lnI-hp-amb A]-N-b-n \nv ap-amb PohnXw \bn-m Ign-b-W-sa-n ]e Nn-I kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw kwb-a\w ]menp-Ibpw \nb-a- A\p-k-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xv A\n-hm-cyam-bn-cn-pw. tXmp-sXms sNm\pw ]d-bm\pw Ipn-Iv kzmX{yw \evIpI FXv cn-Xm-tm A-[ym-]Itm - AwKo-I-cn-m Ign-bn-. kzmX-{y-n\v \nb-{Ww GsSp-t-Xv Ipn-I-fp-sS-Xs ta-n\v A\p-t]-y-am-b-XpsIm-t{X CXv. Fm hn`mKw km Poh-\-mcpw s]cpam--fm \nb-{n--s-Sp-p. ap ]uc-mv A\p-h-Zn-s kzmX{yw ]e hnj-b--fnepw Ahv \ntj-[n-s-Sp-p. kzmX-{y-sbpw hntam-N-\-sbpw kw_-nv hmNm-e-am-Ip cmjv{Sob In-I-fnse {]h-I hfsc ISp A-S--n\v hnt[-b-c-s{X. Ah-cpsS A-S--ew-L\-n\v Dq-e\w Ds-sS-bp in-I-fmWv hn[n--s-Sm-dp-Xv. kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv s]mXp-hmbpw `mcym`m--mv {]tXy-I-ambpw Ckv-e-mw s]cp-am---- Bhn-jvI-cn-n-p-v. kI-a- kzoI-cn--W-sapw Zphr-n-I hP-n--Wsa-p-ap Ckv-e-m-ans coXn kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv Hcp-t]mse _m[-I-am-Ip-p. ]pWy-Ia-v- Ckv-e-mw hn[n {]Xn-êw Ccp-hKns]--hpw Xpey-am-Ip-p. AXp-t]m-se-X-s
bmWv Zphr-n-Iv hn[n-n-p euIn-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hpamb in-bpw. Ck-v-e-m-ans kZm-Nm-c-\n-b-a- ]pcp-j mpw kv{XoIp-an-S-bn bmsXmcp hnth-N-\hpw Iev]n p-n-. kv{XobpsS sXv hfsc Kpcp-X-c-ambn hon-pIbpw ]pcp-js sXv \nm-c-ambn ImWpIbpw sNp Ah h kaq-l-nepw \ne-\n-evp-p-s-n AXns ImcWw kmaq-ln-I-amb A]-N-bhpw PoW-X-bp-am-Ip-p. ""Atm Ah-cpsS cn-Xmhv Ahv Dcw \evIn: ]pcp j-\m-I-s, kv{Xobm-Is \n-fn\nv {]hn-p HcmfpsSbpw {]h\w Rm \njv^-e-am-p-I-bn-. \n-fn Hmtcm hn`m-Khpw at hn`m-K-n\nv D`-hn--h-cm-Ip-p''(hn.-Jp.3: 195).""GsXmcp BtWm s]tm kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-smv kI-a-w sNp--]w \smcp PohnXw Xo-bmbpw B hynv \mw \evIp--Xm-Wv. Ah {]hn-p-sIm-n-cp- Xn Ghpw D-a-am-b-Xn\v A\p-kr-X-ambn Ahp {]Xnêw Xo-bmbpw \mw Ah-v \evIp-Ibpw sNpw''- (hn.-Jp. 16: 97).""\o kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-I Xmgvp hm\pw Kplymhb-h- Imp-kq-n-p-hm\pw ]d-bpI. AXmWv Ahv Gsd ]cn-ip--am-bn-p--Xv. Xo-bmbpw Amlp Ah {]hn-p--Xns\n kqva-ambn Adn-bp -h-\m-Ip-p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw Ah-cpsS ZrjvSn-I Xmgvp-hm\pw Ah-cpsS Kply Ah-b-h- Imp-kq-np-hm\pw ]d-bp-I''- (hn.-Jp. 24: 30, 31).auen-Iamb hnj-bfn-sempw Ckvemw ]pcp-j\v kv{Xosb - - m al-Xztam IqSp-X m\tam Ah-Im-itam \evIp-n sv Cu kq- hy-am-p-p. ]pcp-j\v A\p-h-Zn Imcy--sfmpw kv{Xov Ckv-e-mw \njn--am-n-bn-n; A\y]p-cp-j-m-cpsS apn kucyw shfn-s-Sp-p--sXm-gn-sI. Cu hnev kv{XoI Nqj-W-n\pw ]oU--\-n\pw Cc-bmbn Xocm-Xn-cn-m thnbm-sWv ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mb Amlp
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kqNn-n--Xn (hn. Jp. 33: 59) s {]kn ]Iz-aXnIsms t_m[y-s-Spw. hnin-jym-, \app Nppw ssZ\w-Zn\w \S-p A\n-jvS-kw-`-h--fpsS ]m-e-n. ]pcp-js A[o-iXzw Ipg-v Imc-W-am-Ipp Fv ]d-bp-h AXn\v ]cn-lm-cambn kv{Xov A[o-iXzw \IWsav ]d-bp-Xv hnNn-{X-ambn tXmp-p. ]pcp-jm-[n-]-Xy-n kv{XobpsS Ah-Im-i- l\n-s-Sm-\p km[y-X-t]m-seXs kv{XobpsS B[n-]-Xy-n ]pcp-js Ah-Im-i- l\n--s-Sm\pw km[y-X-bp-m-hnt? Icppw Bm-`n-am\-hp-ap ]pcp-j kv{XobpsS A[o-i-Xzs sNdp-m\pw XpSv IpSpw-_Ielfp-m-Ip-hm-\p-ap km[y-Xbpw Xn - - - - -f-bm-hp--X-. IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-n Ah-Im-i--fp-sSbpw IS-a-I-fp-sSbpw kwXp-e\ap-m-bn-cn-Wsa-mWv hn. Jp-B-- \n \ntZ-in- - s-n-p--Xv. AtXm-sSm-w-Xs IpSpw_-\m-Y F m\w ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cn--W-sa-pw. ""kv{XoIv (`m--m-tcm-Sv) _my-X-I D-Xp-t]m-se-Xs \ymb-{]-Imcw Ahv Ah Im-i Int-Xp-ap-v. Fm ]pcp-jmv Ah-sc-mfp]cn Hcp ]Z-hn-bp--v. Amlp {]X-m-]-im-enbpw bpn-am-\p-am Ip-p''-(hn.-Jp. 2: 228).- `mhpw `mcybpw X-fpsS Ah-Im-i sf kw_-nv Nnn-p--Xp-t]mse IS-a-Isf kw_ npw- Nn-n-m- Xbm-dm-bm- IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-nse an {]iv\-fpw Xocpw. Atm Ccp-hpw A[o-i-Xzs kw_ n Nn Hcp {]iv\-am-hn-.
20
G--hpw- \-- cq-]-n-em-Wv- a-\p-jy-s\- kr-j-vSn--sX-v- Jp-Bkq-Nn-n-p-p.- (95:-4)- ]n-s-sb-n-\m-Wv- Ip--a-- i-co-c-ap-- a-\p-jytcm-Sv- (]p-cp-j-m-tcm-Sv)- tN-em-I-a-w- sN-m- I-]-n--Xv?-
!C-Xn-\v- D--c-am-bn- C-Xv- sIm-p - t\-w- \-ap-v- AWn-\n--
c-m- km-[n-p-sa-n-epw- A-Xn-\v- H-cp- a-dp-tNm-Zy-ap-m-Ip-p.tN-em-I-a-w-sIm-v- C-{X-bpw- D-]Im-c-- D-s-n- ]n-sF-p-sIm-m-Wv- tN-em-I-a-w- sN-m-- A-h-kv-Ybn- ssZhwa-\p-jy-s\- kr-jv-Sn-Xv?- ssZ-hw- Ip-a--h-\pw- A-Xyp--X-\p-amWvF--Xn-\v- C-Xv- H-cp- A-]-hm-Z-a-t? A-X-,- a-\-p-jy-- G--hpw\- L-S-\-bn-e-t- krjvSn--s--Xv?"P-p-Pm-efn- \n-v- hy-Xy-kXam-bn- i-co-cn-s-d- _mly- v- L-S-\-bn- Nn--d- am--- h-cp-m-\p-- kzm-X-{y-hpw- Iq-Snbp - \n-e-bn-em-Wv- ssZ-hw- a-\p-jys\- kr-jv-Sn-n-p--Xv.- X-e-ap-Sn]q-Wam-bn- ap-WvU\w- sNp-Itbm,- \n-ivNn-X- h-en-n- shn- \n-p-I-tbm,- H-pw- sN-m-sX- P-S-]n-Sn-- \n-e-bn- hn-Sp-I-tbm,No-In-sbm-Xp-p-I-tbm- sN-m- A-h-\v- kzm-X-{y-ap-v.- H-cp- ]cn[n-bn-- I-hn-bm--hn-[w- sh-n- No-I-n-sbm-Xp-n- sh-p--Xm-WvC-kvemw- t{]m-Xvkm-ln-n-p-- co-Xn.- ap-WvU\w- H-cp- ^m-j\mbn- kzo-I-cn--h-cpw- Nn-e-Im-e--fn- Nn-e- \m-Sp-I-fn- D-m-Im-dpv.X-e-bn- H-pw- ap-Sn-th-s-tm,- \n-iv-Nn-X- \o-f-n-am-{Xw- h-f cp-- \n-e-bn- (i-co-c-n-s-d- a-v- ]-e- `m-K--fn-epw- A--s\bmW-tm)- a-Xn-sb-tm- ssZ-hw- Xo-cp-am-\n-n-cp-s-n- ]-eA-`n-cp-Nn-m-pw- A-Xv- A-ku-I-cy-am-bn- `-hn-pw.- \-J-n-sdImcyhpw- G-sd- hy-Xy-kXa.- \-Jw- H-pw- ap-dn-m-sX- ]e-hn[n v- - - \o-n-h-f-p--h-pwhn-hn-[- B-Ir-Xn-I-fn- sh-n- A-e -cn-v- \-S-p--h-pwhn-cp-n-s\m-w- ap-dn-v- H-gn-hm-ph-pw- H-cp-t]m-se- ku-I-cy-{]-Z-amb \n-e-bn-em-Wv- ssZ-hwkw-hn-[m-\n-n-cn-pXv.hy-Xy-kv-X- km-y-X-I-tfm-sS- ap-Sn-bpw- \-J-hpw- kr-jv-Sn--XvssZ-hn-s-d- I-gn-hn-s-d- sX-fn-hm-sW-n,- apdnp- \o-p-Itbm\n-e-\n-p-I-tbm- sN-m-\p-- km[y-X-tbm-sS- A-{K-N--a-w- kr jv-Sn--Xv- F-s\-bm-Wv- I-gn-hp-tI-tSm- A-]q-W-X-tbm- B-Ip-Xv?- ]p-cp-j- i-co-c-n-se- G--hpw- ar-Zp-e-hpw- "sk-kn-o-hpw'B-b- `m-K-am-Wv- ssew-Kn-Im-h-b-h-n-s-d- A-{K-`m-Kw.- h-kv-{Xw[cn-m- A-h-kv-Y-bn- ]-cn-t-m- IqSp-X- km[y-Xbp-- B- `m-K-n-\v- H-cp- {]-tXy-I- N-a-m-h-c-Ww- krjv-Sn-Imhv- \-In-b-Xv- A-h-s-d- I-cp-X-epw- Im-cp-Wy-hpw- aqe-am-Wv.-
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Fm- h-k{Xw- [-cn-p-Ibpw- {i-tbmsS- Pohn-p-Ibpw- sNpv-bm-fpsS- A-h-b-h-n-\v- A-{K-Na-w- ap-tJ-\-bp-- kw-c-WwB-h-iy-am-bn-hcp-n-.- {]mb-]q-n-bm-Ip--tXm-sS- B- N-an-s-d- D-`m-Kw- Ftm-gpw- am-en-\y-ap-Iv-X-am-bn- kq-n-p-I{]bm-k-ambn-cn-pw.- ]-e-X-c-w- ico-c-{Zm-h-I--fp-sS- Aw-i-sN-dnb- A-f-hn-se-n-epw- B-`m-K-v- A-h-ti-jn-p--Xv- A-h-bh-n-s-d- B-tcm-Ky-s- {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn- _m-[n-p-saXv- Cv- B-tcm-Ky-im-kv-{X-m-n-S-bn- X--an-m- hn-j-b-am-Ip-p.- ssZ-hn-I- a-Xw- tN-em-I-aw- A\p-im-kn--Xn-s-d- {]-kIv-Xn- \-ap-v- C-hn-sS- hy-Iv-X-am-Ipp.i-co-c-L-S-\-bn- hn-hn-[- km-[y-X-I- D-s-Sp-p-I-bpwNnn-p-- a-\p-jy-v- A-h-bp-am-bn- _-\v-[-s-- G--hpw- D-a-am-b- k-ao-]-\w- ssI-sm-m- am--K-Z-i-\w- \-Ip-I-bpwsNbv-X- ssZ-hw- F-mw- A-dn-bp-I-bpw- F-mw- ]-cn-K-Wn-p-I-bpwsN-p-p-sh--s{X C-Xn-\n-sm-s- {K-ln-m-hp--Xv.- i-co-cn-se-hn-sS-bpw- _mly-N-a-n-\v- ao-sX- a-sm-cp- N-a-an-m-Xncn-s- {]Xyp-]m-Z-\- A-h-b-h-n-s-d- A-{K-`m-K-v- am-{Xw- HcpNm-hc--Ww- \-I-s--Xv- L-S-\m-]-c-am-b- \yq-\-Xbv--- kqv-a-X-m-Wv- sX-fn-h-m-I-p--Xv.-
hy-Iv-X-am-b- kv-Yn-Xn-v- Cu- hn-j-b-n- B-i-b-p-g-n-\vkm-[y-X-bn-.\n-b-am-\p-kr-X-am-b- C-W-I-f-m--h-cp-am-bn- \-S-p-- A-hn ln-X- ssew-Kn-I- _-\v-[-am-Wv- hy-`n-Nm-cw.- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-vkz-K-n- ]-cn-ip--cm-b- C-W-I-fp-m-bn-cn-p-sa-m-Wv- JpB-\n- (2:-25,- 3:-15,- 4:-57)- ]-d-n-p--Xv.- kz-K-hm-kn-I-v]S--h- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- C-W-I-fm-bn- \niv-N-bn-p-sIm-Sp-p-h-cp-am-bp-- ssew-Kn-I- _-\v-[w- hy-`n-Nm-c-a--;- ]hn-{X-am-b- Zm-Xy-am-Ip-p.- ssew-Kn-I- B-kzm-Z-\w- ssZhw- \-Ip-- A-\p-{Kl-am-Wv.- \n-jn--th-gv-N- am-{X-am-Wv- \n-Ir-jv-S-am-bn-p--Xv.-
22
lPv-Pv- I-an-\n-Sbn- lm-Pn-am- Ìv-Xym-Zc]q-h-w- (]n-im-Nn-s\)Isdn-b- F Hcp- NSv- sNbv-Xp-hcp-p-tm.- Isdn-m]n-im-Nv- Hm-Sn-adbp-tam?- Isdn-b- NSn-\v- hfsc {]m-[m-\yw- \Ip-Ibpw- AXn-eq-sS Hcp- Ìv-X- km-bq-Py-aSbp-Ibpw- sNp-tmAXn-s\ i_cn-aebn-se "aIchn-fv'- Ip- km-bq-Py-aSbp-Xnt\mSv- km-ay-sSp-m-atm.- hy-Iv-Xam-b adp-]Sn- {]Xo-n-p-p.-
21
a-Zy-hpw- hy-`n-Nm-c-hpw- C-kv-emw- \n-tcm[n-p-I-bpw- A-Xn- G-sSp--h- in---l-cm-sW-v- ]d-bp-I-bpw- sN-p-p.- F-mkzKn- Cu- kpJ--sf-mw- a-\p-jy\v- \-Ip-sa-v- ]-d-bp-XpwJp-B-X-s.- C-Xnsd- bp-Iv-Xn- F-m-Wv?-kz-K-n-se- ]m-\o-b-- tZmj-c-ln-X-hpw- e-l-cn-ap-Iv-X-hpwBbn-cn-p-sa-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B-\nse- 37:-47 h-N-\-n- hy-IvX-am-n-bn-p-v.- "Jw-dv'- F-- A-d_n- ]-Zw- ap-n-cn-n-\pw- elcn-bp-m-m-- ap-n-cn-m-dn-\pw- {]tbm-Kn-pw.- kz-K-n-se"Jw-dv'- e-l-cn-bp-m-p- a-Zy-a-s-v- Jp-B-\n-\n-p-X-s-
! lPv-Pn-\n-Sbn- Isdn-bp- kv-Ym-\- AYhm- Pw-dI]n-im-Nn-sd {]Xo-Ifm-sW [m-cW apkv-enw- kaq-lnhym- ] Iam- b n- \n- e \n- p- p- v . - ]t,- CXn- \ v - hnip- JpB\n-tem- {]m-am-Wn-Iam-b lZo-kn-tem- JWv-Un-Xam-b sXfnhn.- PwdIfn- ]n-im-Nv- Ip-Sn-bn-cn-p-p-stm- Ahn-sS Fdnm- ]n-imNv- tXm-tm-Sp-satm- Am-lp-hpw- dkq-epw- (k)]dnn.Am-lp-hn-s-d I-]\ {]Im-cw- dkq-- (k)- \n-hln-pIm-Wn-p-X lPv-Pn- Cu- Gdpw- D-sSpw- FXp -sIm-pw"\n-fp-sS Xo-mS\ I-a- Fn-\n-v- {Kln-pI'Fv- Atlw- \n-tZ-in-Xp-sIm-p-am-Wv- ap-kv-enw-I- Cu- Gdv{]m-[m\y]qh-w- \n-hln-p-Xv.- Am-lp-hpw- dkq-epw(k)- \n-
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tin- co-Xn-bn- lPv-Pv- Ia- \n-hln-m- Ign-Xn ep- Nm-cn-Xm-Yy-am-sX,- aIchn-fv- Z-in- Ìv-Xm-vA\p-`hsSp-Xmbn- ]dbsSp- km-bq-Py-sam-pw- Pw-dIfnFdn-bp lm-Pn-am- AhIm-isSp-n-.ISeaWn-bp-sS hep-n-ep- Ip-I- Am-lp-hn-s-d \maw- Dcn-p-sIm-v- Fdn-bp-Ibm-Wv- \_n- (k)- sNbv-XXv.Atlw- hn-p-_v-[\m-hp-Itbm- Bt{Im-in-p-Itbm- sNbv-Xnn.- Ctm- Nn-e \m-p-Im- PwdIfn- sNcp-p-Ifpw- Dcp-f- IpIfpw- Du-tm-sS Fdn-bp-Ibpw- hen-b i_v-Zap-m-p-Ibpw- Xnpw- Xn-cp-ap-m-n- av- Xo-Y-m-SI-v- hn-jaw- krjv-SnpIbpw- sNm-dp-v.- Ah- Fv-Xcw- km-bq-Py-am-Wv- A\p-`hnpsXv- Adn-p-Iq-Sm.- Fm-bm-epw- AsXm-s Ckv-em-an-I {]am-Wfn- ASn-kv-Ym-\an-m-Xm-Ip-p.-
kPohambncnpXn\pw thnbmIpp. `qtKmfnsd hnhn[ `mKfnep a\pjy Hmtcm\akvImchpw hyXykvX kabfnembncnpw \nh-lnpXv. AXn\m `qanbn \akvImcw \nhlnsSm Hcp kabhpw DmIm\nSbn.
24
tem-I-n-ep-- F-m- ssZhhn-izm-kn-I-fpw- H-cp- hn[-n- Asn- a-sm-cp-hn-[-n- hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-m-cm-Wv.- A-Xm-b-Xv- sslh- hn-izm-kn-I- hn-hn-[- t-{X-fn- hy-Xy-kv-X- cq-]-n-ep-- hn-{K l-- {]-Xo-Iam-n- GI-ssZ-hs- B-cm[n-p-p.- {In-kvXym-\nI-tb-ip-hn-s\- hn-hn[- N-p-I-fn- {]-Xo-I-am-n- ssZ-h-tm-Sv- {]mY-np-p.- ap-kv-enw-I- ap-gp-h- "I-Av-_'-- F-- {]Xo-I-n-\v- t\-scXncn-v- G-I-ssZ-h-s- B-cm-[n-p-p.- C-sX-mw- H-p-tN-cp-XvF-m- a-X-fpw- hn-{K-lm-cm-[-\-bn- (ssZ-hn-I- {]-Xo-Im-cm-[-\-bn)A-[n-jv-Tn-X-am-Wv- F-Xn-e-t?-
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Am-l-p {XnImePvRm\nbmWv. khPvR\mWv. Aht\mSv GXp kabpw \apv {]mY-nmw. ]ns Fn\mWv {]tXyI kabw \nWbns Apt\cs \n_ \akvImc? kpPqZv, dpIqAv t]mep {]tXyIcq] Fn\mWv {]mY \v? \apv CjvSap cq]n {]mY-nm t]msc?
!hn-{K-l--sf- {]-Xo-I-am-n- Ah-sb--s-bm-Wv- ssl--hB-cm-[n-p--Xpw- {]m-Y-n-p--Xpw.- Hmtcm- B-h-iy-n-\pwhn hn[- ssZ-h--v- t\--I-f-n-p-I-bpw- Ah-tcm-Sv- {]m-Y-npI-bpw- sN-p--Xv- GI-ssZ-h-m-cm-[-\-bm-sW-v- ]d-bp--Xn- bm sXm-c-Y-hp-an-.- ss{I-kv-X-h- G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-v- tb-ip-sh{]-Xo-I-am-p-I-b--;- H-cp- {X-ntbI- ssZ-h-k--]-ap-m-n- ssZh]p{X- F- t]-cn- tb-ip-sh- B-cm-[n-p-I-bpw- A-t-l-tmSv{]m-Y-n-p-I-bp-am-Wv- sN-p--Xv.- G-I-ssZ-h-am-b- btlm-h-tbmSvam{Xw- {]m-Y-n-p--h- ss{I-kv-X-h-n-S-bn- h-f-sc- hnc-fam Ip-p.F-m- I-Av-_x- G-I-ssZ-h-n-s-d- {]-Xo-I-tam- hn{K-l-tamA.- I-Av-_-sb- ap-kv-enw-I- Bcm-[n-p-I-tbm- I-Av-_tbm-Sv{]m-Y-n-p-I-tbm- sN-p-n-.- G-I-ssZ-h-s- am{Xw- B-cm-[n m-th-n,- b-lq-Z-cp-sS-bpw- ss{I-kv-X-h-cp-sS-bpwap-kv-enw-I-fpsS-bpw- ]q-h-n-Im-Nm-cy-\m-b- {]-hm-N-I- t{i-jv-T- C-{_m-low-(A)-
!kXyhnizmknIv AmlpthmSv GXv kabpw {]mYn

mw. \ymbamb GXv Imcyn\pthnbpw {]mY-nmw. \akvImcw F Bcm[\mIan\v am{XamWv kabw \nW bnsnpXv. JpB]mcmbWhpw {]mY-\bpw {]Io \hpw \nhpw Ccphpw IpnSepw kmjvSmwKhpw Fmw ASnbXmWv \akvImcw. Zn\cm{XnSbn \nivNnX CSthfIfn Cu Bcm[\mIaw \nhlnm hnizmknItfmSv Amlp I]nnpXv Ahsd A\p{Kl tfmSv Ah IrXPvRcmbncnpXn\pw Ahsd hn[n hnepIsf kw_\v[n t_m[w AhcpsS a\n kZm
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A-Yhm- A-{_-lmw- kvYm-]n-- B-cm-[\m-ebam-Wv- I-Av_x-. At- lw- A-hn-sS-\n-v- GI-ssZ-h-tm-Sv- F--s\- {]m-Y-n-p-thmAXp-t]m-se- Atm-v- Xn-cn-p-\n-v- GI-ssZ-h-tm-Sv- am-{Xw{]m-Y-n-p-I-bm-Wv- apkv-enw-I- sN-p--Xv.- hn-{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsSbm-sXm-cp-kv]-i-hpw- bYm-Y- ap-kv-enw-I-fp-sS- B-cm-[-\-bn-tem{]m-Y-\-bntem- C-.-
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_-lp-ssZ-h-Xz-n-sdtbm- A--hn-izm-k--fp-sStbm bmsX-cpem-\bpan- F-v- ]-d-b-s-Sp-- C-kv-em-an-se- kp{][m-\- Ia--amb- l-Pv-Pv- th-f-bn "lPdp- A-kv-h-Zv''--F-- I-n-s\- B-Zc-thmSpwBth-i-tmSpw- ap-p--sX-n-\m-Wv?- I-n-s\-bpwap-n-s\-bpwB-cm-[n--cp-Xv-,- A-h-tbm-sSm-pw- Hcp-X-c-n-ep-ap-- BZ-c-hpw_-lp-am-\-hpw- ]m-Sn-m-sb-v- ]-Tn-n- \-_n- (k)-X-s- Cu -I-a-w- \Sn-b-Xv- Ftm H-cp- _-lp-am-\w- B- In-t\m-Sv- D--Xp-sIm--t?\n-Po-h-am-b- B- I-n-t\m-Sv- Hcp- B-cm-[-\m- at\m-`m-hap--Xv- sImt?- Cv- P-\-- Cu- I-n-t\m-Sv- Im-Wn-p-- B-th-iw- A-X-tkq-Nn-n-p--Xv?-
! {]-]--\m-Y-s\- am-{Xw- B-cm-[n-m-th-n- `q-ap-J-v- B-Zy

am-bn- kv-Ym-]n--s-- B-cm-[-\m-e-bw- F-Xm-Wv- ]-cn-ip-- IAv_-bp-sS- a-l-Xz-sa-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B-\n- (3:96)- hy-Iv-X-am-nbnp-v.- I-Av-_sb- e-y-am-n- G-I-ssZ-h- hn-izm-kn-I-fm-b- Xo m-S-I- t]mIp--Xv- B-th-i-tm-sS- X-s-bm-Wv.- ]t,- A h- B-cm-[n-p-Xv- B- N-Xp-c-s-n-S-s-b-.- tem-I-c-n-Xmhn-s\- am-{Xw- B-cm-[n-m-\p-- kt-X-sa-- \n-e-bn- B-`-h\tm-Sv- A-h-p--Xv- B-Z-c-hm-Wv-,-- B-cm-[-\-b-.- I-Av-_-bp-sSsX-p-Ing-s- aq-e-bn-\n-mWv- {]-Z-nWw- Xp-S-t--Xv.B- aq-e-bn- kv-Ym-]n-n-p-- H-cp- A-S-bm-f- ImWv- l-P-dpA-kv-hZv.- B-In- Npw-_n-p-sIm-tm- sXm-v-ap-n-sm-tmA-Xn-\p-t\-sc- ssI-sIm-v- BwKyw- I-m-Wn-p- sIm-tm- {]-Zn-
Ww- Xp-S-mw.F-m-bm-epw- Xo-Y-m-S-I- B In-\v- Bcm-[-\-b-n-p-n .- B- I-n-t\m- a-t-sX-n-epw- I-n-t\m- sIn-S-n-t\m- A-ùXnI-am-b- Fs-n-epw- I-gn-hp-s-v- hn-iz-kn-p-n-.- B- I-n\n-v- D-]Im-cw- {]-Xo-n-p-Itbm- D-]{Z-hw- `-bsSp-Itbm- sNpn-.- B- I-n-s-dbpw- A-Xv- D-sm-p-- I-Av-_-bp-sSbpw\m-Y-\m-b- A-m-lp-sh- am-{X-am-Wv- A-h- B-cm-[n-p--Xv.- BIn-s\- B-Z-cn-- l-Pv-Pn-s-d-tbm- Dw-d-bp-s-S-tbm- \n-_-\v-[nXI---fn- s]--X- F-- Im-cy-hpw- {]kv-Xm-hy-am-Ip-p.- AXns-d- t\sc-\n-p-sIm-v- Xz-hm-^v- ({]-Z-n-Ww)- Xp-S-p-I- am{X-am-Wv- \n-_-\v-[am-bn-p--Xv.\n-ev- s\-n-bpw- aq-pw- sh-p-sIm-m-Wv- k-Xy-hn-izm-knIkmjv-Smw--Kw- sN-t--Xv.- F-m- ap-Nn-e- ]-d-bp-- `q-an- ]q-P bp-am-bn- C-Xn-\v- bm-sXm-cp- _-\v-[-hp-an-s--pw- `q-an-bp-sS- {k-jvSmhn-s-d- ap-n- ]c-aa-m-b- h-W-w- {]-I-Sn-n-p-I- am-{X-am-Wv- C Xp-sIm-v- D-t-in-s-sXpw- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-s-mw- Adnbw.- A-Xp-t]m-se- X-s-bm-Wv- l-P-dp- A-kv-h-Zn-s\- B-Z-cn-psImv- A-m-lphn-\v- am-{X-ap-- Bcm-[-\-bm-b- Xz-hm-^v- \n-hln-p- GI-ssZ-h- hn-izm-kn-bp-sS- Ah-kv-Ybpw.- k-^m- a-hmIp-p-I-tfm-Spw- a--bn-se- a-v- ]p-Wy-kv-Y-e--tfm-Spw- k-Xy-hnizm-kn-I-p-- a-t\m-`m-hhpw- C-Xp-t]m-se-X-s.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
Jp-B-\pwhn-a-i-\--fpw
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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\-p-sS- k-aq-l-n- Cv- Im-W-s-Sp-- X-c-n-ep-- "bp-I-vXnhm-Zn-I-sf'-p-dn-v- kq-N-\- \-Ip-- Jp-B-hN-\--fp-tm?- {]hm-N-I-sd- Im-e-v- C--cwbp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-I-tfm,- \n-co-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-tfmD-m-bn-cp--Xm-bn- N-cn-{X-n- h-- sX-fn-hp-ap-tm?- C-cw- Bfp-I-fp-am-bn- F--s\- kw-h-Zn--W-sa--Xn-\v- hnip-- Jp-B- ham-Xr-I-bpw- \-ap-v- ap-n- sh-n-p-tm?-
!""A-h-
]-d-p:- Po-hn-X-sa-m- \-p-sS- sF-ln-I-Po-hn-Xwam{X-am-Ipp.- \mw- a-cn-p-p.- \mw- Pohn-pp.- \-s- \-in-n p--Xv- Imew- am{X-am-Ip-p.- (hm-kv-X-h-n)- Ah-v- A-Xns\- kw-_-\v-[n-v- bm-sXm-cp- A-dn-hp-an-.- A-h- Du-ln-p-I- am{X-am-Ip-p''.- (hn.- Jp- 45:-24)- Cu- Jp-B- kq-Iv-Xw- ssZh-sXo-pw- \n-tj-[n-p--h-cpsS- Im-cy-n-em-tWm,- A-X-- ssZh-hn-izm-kn-I-sfv- A-h-Im-i-s-Sp--h-cp-sS- Iq--n-X-s-bp,- ssZ-hw- a-\p-jy-sc- a-cn-n-p-I-bpw- ]p-\-cp-Pv-Po-hn-n-p-I-bpwsN-p--h-\m-sW-- bm-Ym-Y-y-s- \n-tj[n-p-- H-cp- hn-`mK-n-s-d- Im-cy-n-em-tWm- A-h-X-cn--sX-v- Dd-n-p-]-d-bmJ-WvUn-X-am-b- sX-fn-hv- e-`y-a-.- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS- Im-cy-nA-h-X-cn--XmWv- Cu- kqIv-X-sa-v- Nn-e- ]-Wv-Un-X-m- A-`n-{]mb-s-n-p-v.""C-{_m-lo-an-t\m-Sv- A-t-ln-sd- \m-Ys-d- Im-cy-n- Xn-hs\-p-dn-v- \o- A-dn-n-t?- A-m-lp- A-hv- B-[n-]Xyw- \-In-b-Xn-\m-em-Wv- (A-h- A-Xn-\v- ap-Xn--Xv-).-- F-s-d- \mYPo-hn-n-p-Ibpw- a-cn-n-p-Ibpw- sN-p-h\m-Ip-p- F-v- C{_m- -
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low- ]-d--tm,- "Rm-\pw- Po-hn-n-p-I-bpw- acn-n-p-I-bpwsN-p-p-htm'- Fm-Wv- Ah- ]-dXv.- C-{_-mlow- ]-dp:"F-m- A-m-lp- kq-cy-s\- In-gp-\n-v- sIm-p-h-cp-p.- \oA-Xn-s\- ]-Sn-m-dv- \n-p-sIm-v- h-cq'-,- A-tm- B- k-Xy-\ntj[n-v- Dcw- ap-n-tm-bn.- A-{I-an-Ifm-b- P\-Xsb- A-m-lp- t\hgn-bn-em-p-I-bn-'' (hn.-Jp- 2:-258)-.- C-{_m-low- \_n- (A--) -bp-sSIm-ev- C-dm-Jv- `cn-n-cp-- \nw-tdm-Zv- cmPm-hn-s\- kw-_\v[n-mWv- Cu- kq-IvXn- ]-cm-a-in-n-p-Xv.- k-Ie- Po-hPm-esfbpw- - Po-hn-n-p-I-bpw- a-cn-n-p-Ibpw- sN-p-- {]-]--\m-Y-s\- Btkz-Nv-Om-[n-]-Xn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-n-cp-n-- F-v- hyIv-X-am-Wv.Fm- \nw-tdm-Zn-s-d- kz-bw- ssZ-h-hm-Zw- H-cp- ùXn-I-hm-Zn-bpsSA-l-m-c-{]-IS\w- am-{X-am-tWm,- A-X-- G-sX-n-epw- Aù-XnIiIv-Xn-bn-ep-- hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn- _-\v-[-s--Xm-tWm- F-v- Ddnv- ]-d-bm- sX-fn-hp-I- e-`y-a-.-
(sk-bv-Xp-ap-l--Zv- B-\--bw,- bp-Iv-Xn-hn-Nm-cw-Pq-sse- 2001 t]Pv- 21).{]XnIcWw?
!hn-ip-- Jp-B-\ns-d- t{Im-Uo-I-c-Ww- A-m-lp- G-s-Sp-_m-[y-X-bm-sW-v- Jp-B-\n-X-s- (75:17)- ]-d-n-p-v.- apkvenw-I-sf- kw-_-\v-[n-n-S-tm-fw- Zn-hy-h-N-\-s-m- h-en-b- {] am-W-sam-p-an-.- "hn-hn-[- Jp-B-\p-I'- F-- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Zn-bpsS{]-tbm-Kw-X-s- h-en-b- X-n-m-Wv.- tem-I-v- H-cp- Jp-B-t\-bpq.- \-_n- (k)-bp-sS- A-\p-N-c-m-cp-sS- Imew- ap-X- C-p-h-scA-\n-tj-[y-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn--s-p-h-cp-- bmYm-Y-y-am-Wv- apkvenw-I-v- hn`n-- Jp-B-\p-I- C-s--Xv.- J-eo--^- D-kv-amJp-B- t{Im-Uo-Icn-p- F- ]-cm-a-iw- bp-IXn-hm-Zn-bp-sS- asm vcp- I---c-am-Wv.- \-_n- (k)-bp-sS- hn-tbm-K-s- Xp-S-v- HmwJ-eo-^- A-_q-_--dn-s-d- t\-Xr-Xz-n- \-_n- (k)- ]-Tn-n-{I-a-n- X-m-dm-n-b- Jp-B-{]-Xn-bp-sS- Ipsd- X-\n--Ip-I-sf-Sp-v- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-jv-{S-n-s-d- {]-hn-iym-X-e-kv-Ym-\-fn-te-v- sIm-Sp--b-p-I-bmWv- ap-mw- J-eo-^- D-kv-am- (d)sN-bv-X-Xv.- A-t-lw- kz--am-bn- Jp-B- t{Im-Uo-I-cn-n-n-.\m-emw- J-eo-^- A-en- (d),- D-_-n-_v-\p-I-Av-_v,- C-_v-\p- a-kvDu-Zv- (d)- F-n-hcmcpw- H-mw- J-eo-^bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-n- kqva- ]-cn-tim-[-\- \-S-n- X-bm-dm-n-b-Xn-\n-v- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bJp-B- t{ImUo-I-cn-p-I-tbm- {]-N-cn-n-p-I-tbm- sN-bv-Xn-n.\-_n- (k)-v- Znhy-k-t-i-- A-hX-cn-m- Xp-S-n-b-Im-ewap-X-X-s- km-c-cm-b- A-\p-N-c-m- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X-F-gp-Xn-kq-n-n-cpp.- Hm-tcm- k--`n-epw- A-hXcn-n-sSp- - h-N-\--fpw- A-[ymb--fpw- H-n-\v- ]p-d-sI a-sm-m-bn- tcJs-Sp-p-tm- AXn-s-d{I-aw- A-hXcW{I-aw-Xs-bm-bn-cnp- - - I- kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Ipp.- A-[ym-b--fp-sS-bpw- hN-\-fp-sS-bpw{I-aw- A-m-lp- \ntZ-in-X\p-kcn-v- \-_n- (k)- A-dn-bn-p-sImSp- p--Xn-\v- ap-v- injy-m- F-gp-Xn-sh-- ]-I-p-I-sf-mw- A-h X-c-W- {I-a-{]-Im-c-ap--Xm-bn-cp-p.- B- Im-cy-am-Wv- Nn-e- {K-\v-Y -fn- dn-tm-v- sN-bvXn-p--Xv.- Jp-B-\n-s-d- B-ap-J-am-b^m-Xn-l-sb- B-Zy-Im-ev- Nn-e-k-lm-_n-I- Hcp- A-[ym-b-sa-
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""Jp-B- h-N-\-- t{Im-Uo-I-cn--Xv- ssZ-hn-I \n-tZ--i-w- A\pk-cn--s-v- hn-hn-[- Jp-B\p-I- ]cn-tim-[n-m- a-\--n-em-mI-gn-bp--Xm-Wv.- Jp-B- h-N-\-- tN--Xv- am{X-a-- A-Xn-seA-[ym-b-- tN--Xn-epw- {I-aw- sX-n-b-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- J-eo-^- Dkvam- t{Im-Uo-I-cn-- Jp-Bs-d- L-S-\-bpw- J-eo-^- A-en-bp-sS- Jp Bs-d- LS-\bpw- X-n- A-cap-v.- A-en-bpsS- Jp-B\n- A- A-e-Jv- H-m-a-s- A-[ym-b-am-sW-n- D-kv-am-sd- Jp-B-\n96mw- A-[ym-b-am-Wv.- 74- Im-Wp-- ap--n- c-m-a-tX-pw- 50Im-Wp-- Izm-^v- aqm-a-tX-pw- 73- Im-Wp-- ap-k-n- \mem-at-Xp-am-Wv.- A-Xp-t]m-se- D_-n-_v-\p- I-Av-_n-sd- Jp-B-\nD-kv-am-s-d- Jp-B-\n-se- \memw- A-[ym-b-am-b- A-n-km-Av- aqmwA-[ym-b-am-Wv.- C-_v-\p- a-kv-Du-Zn-s-d- Jp-B-\n- D-kv-am-s-d- Jp B-\n-se- 2mw- A-[ym-b-am-b- A-_-Jd-bm-Wv- H-mw- A-[ym-bw.AXn- c-mw- A-[ym-bam-bn- hcp-Xv- D-kvam-s-d- 4mw- A-[ym-bambAn-km-Av- B-Wv.- C-h-bn- B-cpsS- Jp-B-\m-Wv- bmYm-yw''
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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\n-e-bn- F-m-Xp-sIm-m-Wv- A-h- A-_-J-d-sb- H-m-a s- A-[ym-b-am-bn- KWn--Xv.- F-m- ^m-Xn-l- Jp-B-\ns]--X-s-v- k-Xy-hnizm-kn-I-fm-c-pw- H-cn--epw- ]-d-n-n-.- 96,74,- 73,- 4,- 3,- 2,1 Fo- A-[ym-b--tfm- A-h-bn-se- G-sX-n-epwhN-\tfm- Jp-B\n- s]-Xs-v- bp-IvXn-hm-Zn- Nqn-mWn- - - k-lm-_n-I- H-cn-epw- A`n-{]m-bs-n-t-bn-.- F-n-te- Chs-mw- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b- Jp-B- Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-v- ]-d-bp Xn-\v- \ym-b-ap-q.- Am-lp-hpw- d-kq-epw- (k)- \n-tZ-in--{]-Imcwt{Im-Uo-I-cn-p--Xn\v- ap-v- hn-hn-[- k-lm-_n-I- F-gp-Xn-shncp--Xv- kw-_-\v-[n- dntm-p-I- Jp-B-\n-s-d- AJ-Wv-U-X sb- tNm-Zyw- sN-m- sXfn-hm-p--Xv- bp-Iv-Xn-hm-Z-a--;- Zpcm-tcm]-W-a-m-Ip-p.-
28
a-p-l--Zv- \-_n- \n-c--c-\m-bn-cp-p-h-tm.- A-Xn-\m- Jp-BAh-X-cn-p-tm- A-Xv- sX-v- Iq-Sm-sX-bm-Wv- X-sd- A-\p-N-c-mtcJ-s-Sp-n- sh-p-Xv- F-v- A-t-ln-\v- t_m-[y-s-Sp-hm- km[np-tam?- {]-hm-N-I-- A-b-cm-Py--fn-se- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-v- Ckvem-an-te-v- -Wn--p-sIm-v- Is-gp-Xn-bn-cp-p-h-tm.- A-Xn-\m]n-m-ev- A-t-lw- A-cPvRm-\w- kzm-bam-n-bn-cp-pthm?- - {]-hm-N-I-s-d- Im-e-p-X-s- Jp-B- t{Im-Uo-Icn-p-I-bpwA-_q-_--dn-s-d- Im-e-v- JpBs-d- {K-\v-Ym-hn-jv-I-c-Ww- \-S-p I-bpw- sN-p-I-bp-m-btm.- A--Sn-hn-Zy- A-m-e-sm-p-w- I-p]nSn-n-n-m--Xn-\m--A--s- Jp-B-s-d- {K-\v-Y-cq]w- F--s\-bp -Xm-bnp-p?
!\-_n- (k)-bp-sS- Im-e-v- K-Zy-]-Zy- km-ln-Xy--sf-mw- k-aq-l

n- \n-e-\n-n-bn-cp--Xpw- X-e-ap-d-I-fn-te-v- ssI-am-dn-bnc-p -Xpw- a-\x-]m-T-am-p--Xn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-p.- km-c-cp-sS- k-wJyh-f-sc- Ip-d-hm-bn-cp--Xp-sIm-v- en-Jn-X--sf- Ah-e-w_n-p-co-Xn-bpw- h-f-sc- Ip-d-hm-bn-cp-p.- H-c--c-n-t\m- kz-c-n-t\m-
t]m-epw- hy-Xym-kw-h-cm-sX- hnip- Jp-B- ]q-W-am-bn- lyZn kv-Y-am-n-b- \q-dp-I-W-n-\m-fp-I- {]-hm-N-I- in-jy-m-cp-sS- Iqn-ep-m-bn-cp-p.- e-`y-am-Ip- F-gp-p-Xm-fp-I-fn-sem-s- FgpXn-sh-- Ip-d-p-t]-cp-apm-bn-cp-p.- C-pwhn-ip- Jp-B]q-Wam-bn- lr-Zn-kvYam-n-b- e-Wn-\m-fp-I- `q-ap-Jp - - - v.- H-m-tcm- Zn-h-k-hpw- B-bn-c--W-n\v- - hn-Zym-]o-T--fn- ap-kv enw- hn-Zym-n-I- Jp-B- lr-Zn-kv-Y-am-p-- b-Xv-\w- Xp-S-cp p.- Jp-B- am-{X-a-,- A-t\-Im-bn-cw- \-_n- h-N-\--fpw- A-hdn-tm-v- sN-bv-X-h-sc- kw-_-\v-[n-- hn-h-c-- D-s-sS- lr-Zn kvYam-n-b- [m-cm-fw- ]-WvUn-Xm- ]-e- \m-Sp-Ifn-ep-ap-v.- ASn- - {]-Xn-I-fm-sI- B-sc--n-ep-w- Np-v-Nm--em-n-bm-t]m-epw- Ckvem-an-s-d- au-en-I- {]-am-W- a-\p-Ifn-\n-v- Xn-I-pw- A\yq\-am-bn- ]Imhphn[w \ne-\n-m- P-K-n-b-m-hn-sdA-\p-{K-l-m- \-S-p-- {]-{In-b-bmIpp- C-Xv.G-sX-n-epsam-c-m- Jp-B- Fgp-Xp--Xn-tem- A--Sn-p- Xn-tem- sX-v- h-cp-n-bm- t]m-epw- A-Xv- lrZn-kYam-n-b- lm^nv- Zzp-I-sf- B-i-b-p-g--n-em-m- I-gn-bn-.- ]n-m-e-v- Jp B-\n- A-\y-h-N-\-- Xn-cp-In--b-m- i-{Xp-- ]e- {i-a - \-S-n-sb-n-epw- AsXm-pwhn-P-bn-p-I-bp--m-bn-.- a\x]mT-am-n-b-h-v- ]p-d-sa- {]-hm-N-I- injy-m-cp-sS- Im-ewap-XX-s- A-t\-Iw- I-s-gp-v- hn-Z-Kv-[-cpw- Jp-B- A-\yq-\-am-bn\n-e\n-p-Xn- \n-WmbIam-b- ]-v- h-ln-n-p-v.- tem-In-- - se- {]-i-kv-X-am-b- ]e- sse-{_-dn-I-fn-epwhn-ip-- Jp-B-\n-sdA-Xn-{]m-No-\-am-b- I-s-gp-v- {]-Xn-I-fp-v.- Hm-dn-b-d-en-kv-p-ID-s-sS- C-kv-em-an-s\- hn-a-in-m- ]-gpXv- tX-Sp-h-cp-sS- \mSpI-fn-se- {K-\v-Y-im-e-I-fn-ep-ap-v- C--cw- I-s-gp-v- {]-Xn-I.A-h-X-n- bm-sXm-cp- hyXym-k-hp-an-- F-- Imcyw- A-hsms- A-dn-bmw.{]-hm-N-I- kz-w- ssI-sIm-v- I-s-gp-Xn-bn-p-s-v- ]-d bm- JWv-Un-X-am-b- sX-fn-hp-I- Im-Wp-n.- A-t-l-n-s-dI-p-I- Fv- ]-dbp-sXm-s- A-t-ln-sd- \n-tZ--i{]Imcw- km--c-cm-b- in-jy-m- F-gp-Xn-bn-v- A-t-lw- tamXn-c-ap-{ZNm-n-b- en-Jn-X--fm-Ip-p.-
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A--S-n-hn-Zy- I-p-]n-Sn--Xn-\p-ti-jw- {K-\v-Y-sa-m- I-S-em kn- A-Sn--Xv- F-- [m-c-W- {]-_-e-am-bn-cn--bm-Wv.- F-mC-y-bp-s-sS- F-m- \m-Sp-I-fn-epw- G-Xm-\pw- \q-m-p-I-pap-v-h-sc- F-m- hn-Pv-Rm-\--fpw- I-s-gp-v- Ir-Xn-I-fmbm-Wvtc-Js-Sp-n-bn-cp-Xv.- Xm-fn-tbm-eIfn-epw- Xp-Wn-Ifn-epw- XpIep- I-fn-epw- ssI-sIm-v- \n-a-n-- I-S-em-kp-I-fnep-sa-mw- C-s\{K-\v-Y-- F-gp-Xn- ]q-n-bm-n- kq-n--s-n-p-v.- {]ap-J{K-\v-Y-im-e-I-fn-epw- ayq-kn-b--fn-epw- C-h- C-tm-gpw- `-{Z-am-bnkqn-p-t]m-cp-p.- A--Sn-s-p-I-sf-m- h-f-sc- Ip-d-hm-bncpp- ]-e- I-s-gp-v-{]-Xn-I-fn-se-bpw- sX-p-I.hn-ip-- Jp-B- lr-Zn-kv-Y-am-n-b-h-cp-sS- Hm-abpw- FgpXn-sh--h-cpsS- ]-I-p-I-fpw- H-p-t\m-n- ]cn-tim-[n-m-Wv- sskZv_n- Ym-_n-Xv- F-- {]-hm-N-I- in-jy-s-d- ta-t\m--n- Jeo^m- A-_q-_--dn-(d)-sd- \n-tZ--i-{]-Imcw- B-Zy-am-bn- Jp-BH--hm-ey-n- t{Im-Uo-I-cn--Xv.- A-Xn-s-d- t]-Pp-I- G-XvXcn-ep-Xm-bn-cp-p-sh-v- N-cn-{X- {K\vYfn- hn-iZo-Icnp- - Im-Wp-n-.- I-n-Ip-d-- Xp-I-m-fp-I-fm-Wv- A-m-e-vFgpXm- Iq-Sp-X- D-]-tbm-Kn-n-cp--Xv.- ]n-o-Sv- aq-mw- Jeo^Dkv-am-s-d- (d)-Im-e-m-Wv- Iq-Sp-X- ]-I-p-I-- A-Xo-h- {itbm-sS- X-b-m-dm-n- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-jv-{S-n-s-- {]-hn-iym-B-kvYm\-fn-te-v- A-bp-sIm-Sp-Xv.- C-hbn- Nn-eXv- Ctm-gpw- Nnebq-tdm-]y- sse-{_-dn-Ifn- D-s-v- ]-dbs-Sp-p.- Cu- B-[nIm- cn-I- {]-Xn-I-fn-\n-v- Hpw- hy-Xym-k-an-m-- A-kw-Jyw- Isgpv- {]-Xn-I- ]n-m-ev- apkvenw- \mSp-Ifnem-sI- {]-NcnpIbp-m-bn.-
!17:-15se- D-r--X- `m-K-n-s-d- A-Y-w- ""]m-]-`m-cw- Np-abv-p-bmsXm-cm-fpw- a-sm-cm-fp-sS- ]m-]`m-cw- Np-abvp-Ibn-''- F-mWv.- C-Xn-s-d- "a-^-vlqw- ap-Jm-e^---:'- (hn-]-co-X- kq-N\)- "Hm-tcm- ]m-]n bpw- X-s-d- ]-m-]-`m-cw- kz-bw- h-ln-t-n-h-cpw'- F-m-Wv.- ]m]sam-pw- sN-m--h- Ip--hm-fn-I-fp-sS- ]m-]-`m-cw- h-ln-t-nh-cpw- F--- bm-sXm-cp- kq-N-\-bpw- B- hm-Iy-n- C-.- Ip--hm fn-I-fp-sS- ]m-]-- Ip--sam-pw- sN-m--h-cp-sS-ta- sh-psI-p--Xv- ssZ-hn-I- \o-Xn-v- hn-cp--am-Ip-p.- 17:-15 h-N-\nsdB-Zy-`m-K-n-\n-p-X-s- CXv- {K-ln-m-hp--Xm-Wv.C-\n- {]-kv-Xp-X- h-N-\-n-s-d- A-h-km-\- `m-Kw- t\m-p-I: ""H-cp- Zq-X-s\- A-b-p--Xp-h-sc- \mw- (B-sc-bpw)- in-n-p-Xpa-''-.- A-m-lp- Zq-X-s\- A-b-p--Xv- \--Xn--I-sf-bpw- c-m-in -I-sf-bpw- kw-_-\v-[n-v- D-Zv-t_m-[n-nm-\m-sW-pw- A-Xn-\pti-jw- Ip-w-sN-p-h- (A-hcp-sS- ]-ivNm-m-]w- A-m-lp- kzoI-cn-n-n-s-n)- in-- A-\p-`hn-p-IXs- th-n-hcp-sapam- Wv- C-Xn-\n-v- {K-ln-m-hp--Xv.- ]m-]-ap-Iv-X-\m-b- Zq-Xs\- Amlp- \ntbm-Kn--Xv- k-I-e- Ip--hm-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw- ]m-]-`m-cw- h-lnm\m-sW-n- C--s\- ]-dtb--Xn--tm.-
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Jp--B- 3:85- Ckv-emw-am-{Xam-Wv- ssZhn-- kzo-Im-cy-sav]dbp-tm- 2:62- hn-izm-kn-I-v- ]p-dsa ss{IkvXhcpw- blqZcpwkm-_n-Ifpw- kz-Kn- t]m-Ip-sav- ]dbp-p.- CXn-se {]ISamb sshcp-yw- \n-tj[n-m- km-[n-p-tam?am-v- am-ks "kv-t\lkw-hmZ'- n- t]-Pv- 19 aq-mw- tImfn - aXhn-`n-Xb,- bYm-Y hn-izm-khpw- {]h-\hp-am-Wv- hn-Pb\nZm-\sav- 2:62s\ hym-Jym-\n-p-p.- Fn- ]n-s aX]cn-h \n-s-d Bhiy-an-tm.- AYhm- "bYm-Y hn-izm-khpw- {]h \hpw- sIm-p-tin-p-Xv- Ckv-emam-sWn- AXv- ssIsm tijhpw- Ahsc ss{Ikv-Xh,- blqZ,- km-_n-I- Fn-s\ hnfn-t Bhiy-sam-Wv?- C\n- Acw- ]cm-a-iw-sIm-v- Dtin-
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Jp--B-\n- 17:-15 - "h-em- X-kndp- hm-kn-d-p- hn-kv-d- DJv-dm'(]m-]w- Np-a-bvp-- bm-sXm-cm-fp-w- a-sm-cm-fp-sS- ]m-]w- Np-a-bv-p-Ibn).- F-- kq-Iv-X-ns-d a-^v-lqw- ap-Jm-e-^- (hn-]-co-X- kq-N-\) Ip-w- sNm-- B-Xv-amhv- ]m-]w- Np-abv-pw- F-t?- {]hm-N-I]m-]-ap-Iv-Xcm-tWm-?,-- A-h- ]m]w- Np-a-bvn-t?-
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p-Xv- Pm-Xo-bXbm-sWn- Ckv-emw- kzo-Icn-hscbpw- Pm-XnsImv- hn-fn-p-Xp-sIm-v- Ckvemw- PmXo-bXsb Aw-Ko-Icn-ppFv- A-Yam-m-tam?-
!ap-lZv- \_n- (k)- hfsc hy-Iv-Xam-bn- {]Jym-]n- Im-cy-amWvCkv-emw- Xm- kv-Ym-]n- Hcp- ]p-Xn-b aXa; {]Xyp-X,- ap-gp-h{]hm-NIm-cpw- {]t_m-[\w- sNbv-X ssZhn-I aXam-Wv- FXv.Fm- {]hm-NIm-cpw- {]t_m-[\w- sNbv-X BZ-in-s-d AXn-{][m-\`m-Kw- GIssZhn-epw ]ctem-In-ep-ap- hn izm-kam-Wv.- GsXn-epw- Hcp- P\hn-`m-Kn-t\m- kap-Zm-bn t\m-am-{Xw- AhIm-isXm-Wv- tam-sav- Hcp- {]hm-NI\pw]Tn-n-n-n-.- a\p-jy- kz-Po-hn-Xw- tem-Icn-Xm-hn-\v- kanp-I Fv- A-Yap- Ckvemw- ap-gp-h- a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw- tam n-\p- aXam-Wv.- Pm-Xn-aXtam- kap-Zm-baXtam- A.- Fman- {]hm-NIm-cp-sSbpw- A\p-bm-bn-I- Ahcp-sS Im-etijwkm-ap-Zm-bn-I hm-Zn-Ifm-bn- am-dp-Ibm-Wp-m-bXv."kz-Kn- {]thin-Wsan- blq-Ztcm- {In-kvXym-\nI tfm- Bhm-sX ]n-sm-W-v Ah- ]dbp-Xv.- AsXm-s AhcpsS hym-tam-lfs{X.- Fm- (\_n-tb) ]dbp-I: \n--kXyhm-m-cm-sWn- (AXn-\)- \n---v In-nb sXfn-h-v sImphcqv Fv.- Fm- (Im-cyw-)- As\b.- GsXm-cm- kI-aImcn-bm-bn-sm--v BXvaka-Ww- sNbvXp-thm- Ah\v- Xs-d cnXm-hn-- AXn-s-d {]Xn-êw- Dm-bn-cn-p-XmWv.- Acm -v- bm-sXm-pw- `bstSXn-.- Ah- Zpx-Jntn-hcn-Ibpan.- blq-Zm- ]dp-; {In-kXym-\n-I-v- bm-sXm-cp- ASn-kvYm\ vhp-an-sv.- {In-kvXym-\n-I- ]dp-; blqZm-v bmsXm-cp ASn-kYm-\hp-an-sv.- Ahscmw- thZ{K\vYw- ]m-cm-bWw- sNp vhcm-W-v Xm-\pw.- As\ Ch- ]dXp-t]m-seXs hnhcanm- Nn-escm-s ]dn-p-.v - Fm- Ah- Xn- `n-np hn-jbn- Dbn-sgpt-]n-s-d \m-fn- Am-lp- Ahn-Sbn- Xo-v- I-]np-Xm-Wv''- (hn.-Jp.- 2:111113).Hcp- kap-Zm-bn- sadm-bm-te tam-ap-q-shv- HcpthZ{K\v-Yn-ep-w- ]dn-n-.- AXn-\m- thZ{K\v-Yfp-sS
ssIhim- Fv- AhIm-isSp- B-pw- km-ap-Zm-bn-I aXn-s-d hIvXm-hm-Im-]m-Sn-.- ]t,- \n-`m-Ky-him- aqkm\_n- (A)-bp-sS Im-etijw- Atln-s-d A\p-bm-bn-Ifn]ecpw,-- Cu-km-\_n- (A)-bp-sS Im-etijw- Atln s-d in-jy-m-cp-sS A\c Xeap-dIfn- ]ecpw- km-ap-Zm-bnI hmZap-bn-p.- Xm-m-fp-sS kap-Zm-bn-s]h-v- am-{Xsa tam-ap-q-shv- hm-Zn-p.- km-ap-Zm-bn-I aXn-\v- asm-cp Ipg hpw- Iq-Sn-bp-v.- kz-w- kap-Zm-bn-s]hcp-sS hn-izm-khpwI-ahpw- tam-iam-bm-t]m-epw- Ah-v- tam-ap-sv- km-ap Zm-bn-I aXm- hm-Zn-p-Ifbpw.{]hm-NIm- ]Tn-n-Xpw- thZ{K\v-Yfn-ep-Xpw- km-apZmbn-I hm-Zn-\v- Xn-Ipw hn-]co-Xam-Wv.- kap-Zm-btaXm-bm-epwkXy-hn-izm-khpw- k-I-ahpw- kzo-Icn-hsm-s tam-ap v.- hn-izm-khpw- I-ahpw- icn-bm-Im-hsd kap-Zm-b tahn-em-kn-\v- Am-lp-hn-- kvYm-\sam-pw- Dm-bn-cn-p-Ibn .- Cu- bm-Ym-Yy-am-Wv- 2:62set]m-se 3:85epw- Du-n-dbpXv.- 2:62 "AZo-\ Ba\q'- FXp-sIm-v- Dtin-sXvaplZv- \_n- (k)-bn- hn-iz-kn-hcm-Wv.- Ahcp-w- km-ap-Zm-bnI hmZn-Ifm-Im- ]m-Sn-.- Am-lp-hn-epw- ]ctem-In-epw- Zr-Vamb hn-izm-kap-sn-te Ah-pw tamn-\hIm-iap-q.Rm- ap-lZv- \_n- (k)-bp-sS "Dn'- s]h\m-bXn \m- Fs-d hn-izm-khpw- I-ahp-sam-s Fs\bm-bm-epwF\n-v- tam-ap-sv- hh\pw- hm-Zn-m- 2:113- hn-a-in s hn-`m-Ksft]m-se Xsbm-bn-cn-pw- Ahs-dbpw- Ah kvY.- km-ap-Zm-bn-I kp-Nn-XXz-n-\Xo-Xam-b Ckv-emw- (ssZh n-\p kaWw)- F BZ-ita Am-lp-hn-- kzo-Im cy-am-hp-Ibp-q- Fm-Wv- 3:85- hN\n-s-d Xm-]cyw.- CuIm-cy-wXsbm-Wv- 2:62s-dbpw- km-cmw-iw.- GIssZh hn-izmkn-\v- hn-cp-am-b ssZh]p-{Xhm-Zhpw- icn-bm-b ]ctem-I hn izm-kn-\v- hn-cp-am-b km-ap-Zm-bn-I tam-hm-Zhpw- shp-]pep-h-v- Am-lp-hn-- kzo-Im-cy-Xbp-m-hn-sv- Xs bm-Wsm- 2:62-\n-v- {Kln-m-hp-Xv.- AXn-\m- Cu-hN\ - Xn- bm-sXm-cp- sshcp-y-hp-an-.-
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2:62 hN\w- Pm-Xo-bXsb Aw-Ko-Icn-p-n-.- Ncn-{Xnblq-Z,- ss{Ikv-Xh,- km-_n-I- Fsm-s Adn-bshsc kw-_\v[n-n-Stm-fw- Ahcp-sS kap-Zm-b hy-Xym-kf Ah v- GIssZhn-epw- ]ctem-In-epw- A\yq-\am-b hn-izm-kwDm-bn-cp-tm- Ct FXm-Wv- \n-Wm-bI hn-jbsav- hyIvXam-p- Cu- hN\w- bYm-Yn- Pm-Xo-bXsbbpw- km-apZmbn-IXsbbpw- \n-cm-Icn-p-Ibm-Wv- sNp-Xv.
C--s\- A-hy-Iv-X-X- \o-p--Xn-\v- ]-I-cw- hn-h-cn-- kw`-h-Xs- A-t\-Iw- X-hW- hn-hcn-p-Xn-ep- bp-IvXn- F-m-Wv?- Avt\-c-s- \-a-kv-I-m-cw-t]m-epw- \-- A\p-jv-Tn-pw-t]m-se- Jp-Bhn-h-cn-m-sX- C-c-n-ep-- A-t\-I- N-cn-{X- kw-`-h--- Bhnp--Xv- ssZh-{K-\v-Y-- n-\v- A-\p-Kp-W-am-hp--sX--s\? !hn-ip-- Jp-B- {]-]--\m-Y-s-d- {K-\v-Y-am-Wv.- Cu-{]-]- s- ssh-hn-[y-]q-Whpw- hn-kv-a-bm-h-l-hp-am-bn- kr-jv-Sn-- Am-lp- A-tXt]m-se- ssh-hn-[y--fpw- hnkv-a-b--fpw- \n-d-- \nebn-em-Wv- X-s-d- Zrjv-Sm--- hy-Iv-X-am-p-- A-Xp-ey-{K-\v-Y hpw- A-hXcn-n-Xv.- a\pjy- c-Nn-- {K-\Ysf-tm-se- X-sbm- v- - I-Ww- ssZhn-I- {K-\v-Yw- F-v- i-Tn-p--Xv- \n-c-Y-I-am-Ip-p.a\p-jy-cp-sS- Ir-jnbn-Sfpw- a-\p-jy- h-f-n-bXm- h-\- - - -- fpw- X-n-ep-- hy-Xym-kw-t\m-q.- a-\p-jy- Ipsdkv-Y-e-v- sXv-am-{Xw- Ir-jn-sNp-p.- th-sd- Ip-sd-kv-Y-e-v- s\- hb-epI- Xs,- A-p-d-m-I-s- Ipsd- hm-gtm-p-I- am{Xw.- Fm- A-m-lp- h-f-n-b- Im-Sn-s-d- L-S-\- Xn-I-pw- hy-Xy kvX-am-Ip-p.- Hm-tcm- NXpc-{i- ao--dn-\p-n-epw- ssh-hn-[y-am-[m-cm-fw- ac,- sN-Sn-I,- hn-I.- A-Xy-w- au-en-I-am-bXn\m- ASn- \n-e-\n--W-sa-v- ]-cn-kv-Yn-Xn-hm-Zn-I- i-Iv-Xn bmbn- B-hiy-s-Sp-- ssP-hssh-hn-[yw.- a-\p-jy- \n-an- GsX-n-epw- h-ben-t\m- F-kvt-n-t\m- C-Xp-t]m-se-bp-- au-enI-XtbmssP-h-{]-`m-h-tam- D-s-v- Hcp- ]-cn-kv-Yn-Xn-im-kv-X-PvR-\pw- ]d-bp-I-bn-.a-\p-jy-cp-sS- {K-\Y- A-hcp-sS- F-kt-p-I-t]mse- Xsv- vbm-Ip-p.- H-t-sd- t]-Pp-I-fn- H-tc- hn-j-bw-X-s- {I-am-\p-K-Xambn- hn-i-I-e-\w- sN-p-p.- th-sdhn-j-b-n-\v- th-sd- ]p-kv-XIw.Cu- co-Xn- \-ap-v- ku-Icy-{]-Z-am-bn- tXm-p-p- F--Xv- i-cn-bm Wv.- tX-bn-e- tXm---fpw- d-_- tXm---fpw- \-ap-v- bp-Iv-X-am-bntXm-p--Xp-t]m-se-X-s.- F-m- ssZ-hn-I- {K-\v-Yw- C-Xn\n-v- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- H-cp- t]-Pn-X-s- ssh-hn-[y-am- hn-j b-- A-Sp-Xm-Wv.- H-cp- A-[ym-bn-Xs `q-XIm-e- kw`-- h-fpw- h-am-\Im-e- P-\Xbp-sS- kz`m-hfpw- ]-ctem-In- - -
31
Jp-B-\n- aq-km- \_n (A)-abpsS- N-cn-{Xw- \q-dne[nIw -kv-Y-e -fn- hn-h-cn--Xv- Im-Wmw.- A-Xn- Nn-e-Xv- H-cp- kvY-e-p hn-h-cn-Xn-\n-pw- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- AtX- kw`hw- a-sm-cp- kv-Y-e-v- hn-h-cn -Xm-bpw- ImWmw.- D-Zm.- kq-d-p-Xzm-l-bn- 25mw- B-b-n- aq km\_n-(A)-atbm-Sv- Am-lp- X-s-d- Zu-Xyw- G]-n--tm- A-tlwssZ-h- k-lm-bw- tX-Sp-I-bm-Wv.- A-q--n-- X-sd- ktlm-Z-clmdq\n-s\- \-_n-bm--W-sa-pw- A-t-lw- {]m-Y-n-p-p-v.- Xê-am-bn-m-Wv- lm-dq- {]-hm-N-I-\m-Ip--Xv- Fm-Wv- C-hn-sS- hn-h-cn- Xv.- C-tX-kw-`hw- 28:-34- hn-h-cn-p-- kv-Y-e-v- aq-km-\_n- A-mlphn-t\m-Sv- X-s-d- ktlm-Z-c-s\- {]-hm-N-I-\m--W-sa-v- {]m-Y-n-p tm- D-]-tbm-Kn-- ]-Zw- t\-c-t-Xn-\n-pw- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv.- AXpt]m-se- ssZ-h-n-s-d- adp-]-Sn-bpw- A--s\-X-s.- Cs\- H-tckw-`-hw- H-tc- Bi-b-ap-sm-p--Xm-sW-n-epw- hy-Xy-kv-X- ]-Z-fp]tbm-Kn-p-tm,- ssZ-hn-\n-v- A-hXo-Wam-b- Jp-B- Ncn{X- ]p-cp-j-m-cp-sS- I-Y-I- hn-h-cn-p-tm- A-h-cpsS- hm-pw- Nnbpw- AtX-t]m-se- ]-I-p--Xn- A-i-Iv-X-am-hm-tam?- C-\n- CuNcn{X- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-nepw- Nn-e- A-hy-Iv-X-X-I- ImWmw.aq-km- \-_n-bp-sS- k-tlm-Z-c- A-t-l-n-s-d- IqsS- a-Zv-b-\ntev- t]m-bn-cp-n--tm.- ]n-s- F--s\-bm-Wv- AhnsS\n-v- Xn-cn-phcp-tm- ko-\m- Xm-gv-h-c-bn- lmdq- F-p--Xv?- A-hn-sS- lmdq \pw- D-m-bn-cp-p-sh-mWv- Jp-B- hm-n-\n-pw- a-\n-em-hpXv- (20:-45,-46).-
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se- A-\p-`-h--fpw- I-S-p-h-cp-p.- AtXm-sSm-w-X-s- A-mlphn-s-d- c-m-in--I-sf- kw-_v-[n-pw- A-h-s-d- kr-jv-Sn-ssh-` h-s- kw_-\v[n-p-ap-- {]-Xn-]m-Z\fp-ap-m-Ipw.- kvYeIme- - - - koa-I- A-Xn-ew-Ln-p--, `q-X-`m-hn-- h--am-\-- C-S-nsSan-n- adbp-,- B-Im-i-hpw- `q-an-bpw- N-{I-hm-f--fpw- kky-Po-h Pm-e--fpw- C-S-n-sS- {]-ta-b-am-Ip-- A\n-X-c-am-b- H-cp- {]-Xn]mZ-\- ssi-en.- A-Xv- X-s-bmWv- AXn-s-d- au-en-I-X.ssk-e-dv- hm-en-bp-sS- au-en-IXsb-m-Wv?- A-Xy-w- A]qh- -X-bpw- A-Xy-[n-Iw- ssh-hn-[y-hp-ap-- P-p-k-ky- Pm-e--fp-sSA-\n-X-c-am-b- hn-\ym-k-am-Wv- A-Xn-s-d- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- au-en-I-X v- \n-Zm-\w.- ssZ-h- hn-izm-kn-Ifm-hcp-sS- Zr-jvSn-bn- {]IrXn- - ]-c-am-b- au-en-I-X.- F-m-bm-epw- A-Xn-\v- ]-I-cw-sh-m- H-cpF-kv-t-pw- ]-cym-]v-X-am-hp-I-bn-s-v- F-m-h-cpw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-pw.\n-Xy-l-cnX- h-\--sf- kw-hn-[m-\n-- P-K-n-b-m-hv- X-s-bmWvB-i-b- hn-kv-a-b-hpw- `m-jm-Zr-jv-Sm-hp-am-b- hn-ip-- Jp-BA-h-X-cn-n--Xv.- A-Xv- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- B-i-b- Fkv-t-p-I-sf-tmseBImXn-- ]-cn-`-hn-n-v- Im-cy-an.- \-a-kv-I-m-c-n-tem- A-m sX-tbm- a-\-m-n-[-y-tmsS- hn-ip-- Jp-B\n-s-d- G-Xv- `mKw]m-cm-b-Ww- sN-p--h-s-d- a-\-n-te-pw- ko-a-I-fn-m-- Bib--fp-sS- alm{]-hm-lw- X-s- D-m-t-I--Xn-\v- ]m-I-n-emWvhn-ip-- Jp-B-\n-se- B-h--\-.aq-km-\-_n- (A-)-bp-sS- N-cn{Xw- H-t-sd- A-[-ym-b--fn- {]-Xn ]m-Zn--s-n-p-s--Xv- i-cn-bm-Wv.- ]-t,- Fm-bn-S-pw- k`w- H--.- e-y-hpw- h-y-Xy-kv-X-amWv.- Nn-e-tm- am-\-h-cm-inbpsS- a-X]cam-b- N-cn-{X-n-se- K-Xn-hn-KXn-I- hn-iZam-p-- k - - - -`n-em-bn-cn-pw- aqkm- \-_n- (A-)bp-sS- Ncn-{X-IY\w.- Nnetm - g-Xv- C-{km-Cu-en- k-aq-l-n-\v- A-m-lp- sN-bv-XpsIm-Sp-- A\p{K-l--sf- kw-_-\v-[n-tm- A-h-cp-sS- Nm-]-ey--sf-p-dn-tm- N - sN-p-- k--`-n-em-bn-cn-pw.- Nn-e-tm- ^-tdm-h-bp-sS[n-m-c-hpw- [m-jv-Sy-hpw- hy-Iv-X-am-p--Xm-bn-cn-p-w- k--`w.aq-km- (A-)bpsS- Zu-Xy-n-sd- k-hn-ti-jXIfn-te-m-bn-cn-pw- - Nn-e- k--`--fn- shfn-w- ho-ip--Xv.- A-t-ln-s-d- P-\\hpw- am-Xm-hn\v- A-m-lp- \-In-b- t_m-[-\-hp-am-bn-cn-pw- Hcn-S
v- {]-Xn-]m-Zyw.- asmcnSv A-t-l-n-s-d- bu-h-\-hpw- As- Cu-Pn-]Xn-se- km-aq-ly- km-lNcy-hpw- Xn-cn-p-hchpw- Nmv- - hn-jbam-Ip-p.- A-Xn-se-mw- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- A\p-{K-ln-sdbpw- B-kq-{X-W--n-s-d-bpw- Zr-jv-Sm---fpv.- bm-sXm-pwhrYmkv-Yq-e-am-b- hn-h-c-W-a-.aq-km-\-_n(A-)-- {]m-Y-n-- ln-{_p-hm-p-I-f--,- {]-XpX- A-h bp-sS- Nn-e- Aw-i-- Jp-B-\n-s-d- A-am-\p-jn-I- LS\-bp-sSaq-i-bn- hm-s-Sp--Xm-Wv- kq-d-p- Xzm-l-bn-epw- J-k-knepw\mw- Im-Wp-Xv.- A-t-lw- Zo-Lam-bn- {]m-Ynn-p-m-Imw.- Hn-te-sd- X-h-W- H-tc- Imcy-n-\v- th-n- {]m-Y-n-n-pmImw.- {]mY-\-v- A-mlp- \-In-b- D--c-n-s-d-bpw- Nn-e- Aw-i-am{X-am-bn-cn-mw- Jp-B-\n- F-Sp-p-cn-n-p--Xv.- GXmbmepw- 20,- 28 A-[-ym-b--fn-se- ]-cm-ai-- X-n- bm-sXmcpssh-cp-y-hpw- C-.- {]-Xn]m-Z-\-n-se- ssh-hn-[yw-- am-{X-am-Wp-Xv.- Hm-tcm- k--`-n-epw- A-hn-tSv- {]-k-Iv-X-am-b- h-kv-XpXIfpw- ]-Z-L-S-\-bpw- sX-c-s-Sp-p--Xn- bm-sXm-cp- A-]m-IXbp-an-.lm-dq- (A)- a-Zv-b-\n--te-v- t]m-bn-cp-n-- F--Xv- i-cn-bm-Wv.20:-12- Xz-p-hm- Xm-gv-h-c-bn- aq-km-\-_n- (A)- tbm-Sv- A-m-lpkw-km-cn-p-tm- lm-dq- (A)- IqsS-bp-m-bn-cp-p-sh-vbmsXm-cp- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X-n-\n-pw- sX-fn-bp-n-.- A-Xn\pti-jw- A-h- C-cp-h-cpw- k-\v-[n-n-v- ^n-Hu-s-d- A-Sp-t-vA--m-lp-hn-s-d- I-]-\-{]-Im-cw- t]m-Im- H-cp-p-- k--` n- Ah-v- \-I-s-- Zn-hy-k-t-i-am-Wv- 20:-4348 h-N-\-fn-se- {]-Xn-]m-Zyw.- 20:-12 ap-X 36 h-sc-bp- X-z-p-hm-bn-se- kw`hhn-h-c-W--p-ti-jw- aq-km- \-_n- (A)-bp-sS- ssi-i-h-skw-_-\v-[n-- H-cp- ^-v-fm-jv- _mv- I-gn-n-mWv- 4348 h-N-\h-cp--Xv.- Xz-p-hm-bn- sh-v- Zu-Xy-s- kw-_-\v-[n-v- {]m-Y-an-I am-b- kq-N-\- \-In-b-ti-jw- ZuXy-\n-h-l-W-n-\m-bn- A-h]p-d-s-tS-- k-`-n- \-In-b- \n-tZ-i--fm-Wv- 4348 hN\-sf-m-Wv- kml-Ncy-- \-Ip-- kq-N\.- Cu- h-N\fn - - A-_--tam- ssh-cp-y-tam- D-s-v-]-d-bm- bm-sXm-cpsXfnhpw- B-pw- Nq-n-m-Wn-m-\m-hn-.-
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77
32
a\pjys- krjvSnns\pdnv JpB\n HcnSv Cs\ ]dbpp: "Xobmbpw a\pjys\ Ifnansd kbn \nv \mw \rjvSnncnpp' (23:12). CtXImcyw 76mw A[ymbn ]dbpXv C{]ImcamWvv. "IqSntpmb Hcp _oPn\nv Xobmbpw \mw a\pjys\ krjv S nncnpp'. Ch cpw ]ckv]chncpat? ssZhnI {Kn Fs\ Cu sshcpyw ISp IqSn? a\pjys\ Amlp krjv S nXv Ifnan \nmWv.- BZna\pjys\ kw_\v[nnStmfw ]nXmhnsd _oPtam amXmhnsd Atam Dmhntm. BZna\p jysd CWsb krjvSnXv Atlnsd Xs kbn \nmWv. AXv kw_\v[nv JpB\n IqSpX hniZoIcnn n. AXn\v tijap Fm a\pjyscbpw (Cukm \_n(A) HgnsI) Amlp krjvSnXv Iqnt _oPn \nm Ipp. Cu Imcyw JpB\n Xs hyIvXamnbnpv. "a\pjytc, \nsf Htc kbn \nv krjvSnpIbpw, AXn\nv Xs AXnsd CWsbbpw krjvSnpIbpw, Ah Ccphcn\npambn [mcmfw ]pcpjmscbpw kv{Xo Isfbpw hym]nnpIbpw sNbvXh\mb \nfpsS cnXm hns\ \n kqnphn'(hn.Jp. 4:1). "Xm krjvSn Fm hkvXpsfbpw hninjvSamnbh\ s{X Ah. a\pjysd krjvSn Ifnan \nv Ah Bcw`n p. ]ns Ahsd kXnsb \nmcamb Hcp {ZmhInsd kn \nv Ah Dmn' (hn.Jp. 32:7,8). anse Pemwihpw [mXpehWfpw XsbmWv Fm a\pjycpsSbpw icocnepXv. `qanbn ùXnIhkvXp \nivNnX Afhn kwtbmPnnnv AXn Bmhv kn thinnpsImmWv hnkvabf-n hnkvabamb a\pjym kvXnXzw Amlp kwhn[m\nXv. hnhn[ imkv{XimJI
AXnsd ]e hniZmwifpw A\mhcWw sNbvXnpv. a\p jys\ Ifnan \nv krjvSnpshv ]dXv Cu AY nepw icnbmIpp. Atm a\pjykrjvSnns\ kw_\v[n JpB\nI ]cmaifn sshcpyansv hyIvXamIp p. Ifnan\nv krjvSnpFXpw _oPn\nv krjv Snp FXpw Bt]nI kXyfmIpp.
33
ssZhn-I {K\v-Ysav- AhIm-isSp- ]cn-ip- Jp-B\nkqdx- A- _Jd 233mw- hN\n- am-Xm-- Xfp-sS Ip-nIv- cp- h-jw- ap-esIm-Sp-m- I-]n-p-p.- CtXIm-cyw- kq-dxep-Jv-am-\n-se 14mw- hN\n-epw- Im-Wmw.- Fm- kp-dx- Alv-Jm-^v15mw- hN\n- am-Xm-hv- K-`w Np-aIm-ehpw- ap-eIp-Sn- \n-epwIq-Sn- apXv- am-kam-Ip-p- Fv- ]dbp-p.- ap-eIp-Sn- {]m-bw- 24 amkwIgn-m- K-`w- "6'- am-ktam-?- CXv- Bibsshcp-y-at?-
!BZys
! ""am-Xm-- Xfp-sS km-\-v- ]q-Wam-b cp-sIm

w- ap-esIm-Sp-tXm-Wv.- (Ip-n-bp-sS)- ap-eIp-Sn- ]q-WamW sav- Dtin-p-h-s{X CXv''- (hn.-Jp.- 2:235).- Fm- am-Xm fpw- Fm- Ip-n-I-pw- \n-_\v-[am-bn- 24 am-kwap-ebq-WwF I-]\b Cu- hm-Iyw.- {]Xyp-X,- ap-ebq-- ]q-Wam-b Afhn- \n-hln-m- B{Kln-p-h- sNtXv- cph-jw- XnIv- ap-ebq-p-Ibm-Wv- F \n-tZiam-Wv CXnASn-bn-p-Xv.- cp-h-jw- Xn-Ibp-Xn-\v- ctm- aqtm- am kw ap-v- ap-eIp-Sn- \n-m- Hcp- am-Xm-hv- Xo-cp-am-\n-m- AXvIp-Icam-hn-sv- Xsbm-Wv- {]kvXp-X hm-Iy-n-s-d kqN\.46:15 hN\n- ]cm-a-in-p-Xv Hcp- ap-kenw- kv{Xo- Xsd vIpn-\v- F{XIm-ewap-ebq-Ww- F hn-jbsp-dn-.Hmtcm- a\p-jy-\pw- Xs-d am-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp- ISm-Sp-Ifp-sS ASn kv-Ym-\am-Wv- Ahn-Ss {]Xn-]m-Zyw.- K-Ìm-epwap-ebq-Im-epw- X\n-p-thn- am-Xm-hv- A\p-`hn ti- Hcm-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
78
79
fpw- hn-kv-acn-cp-Xv- Fv- D]tZin-p- k-`n-em-Wv- amXmhn-s\ ]q-Wam-bn- B{ibn-n-cp- Im-ebfhv- F \n-ebnap-Xp-am-ksp-dn-v- ]dn-p-Xv.Hcp-Ip-v- Po-ht\m-sS P\n-m- Ghpw- Np-cp-n-b km-[y Xbp-Xv- K-Ìm-ew- Bdp-am-kam-Ip-tm-gm-Wv.- Fv- am-kn\pw]p-am-kn-\p-an-Sbn-em-Wv- A[n-I{]khhpw- \Sp-Xv.apeIp-Sn- \n-- A[n-Ihpw- \Sp-Xv- 2025 am-k-nSbn-em-Wv.- hfsc IWn-iam- Cu- cv- Im-ebfhp-Isf kw_\v-[n-v- sam-am-bn- {]Xn-]m-Zn-sh apXp-amkw- Fv]dXn- bmsXm-cp- A]m-IXbp-an-.- Hcp-am-kn- 28 apX31hsc Zn-hk- Dm-Im-san-epw- km-am-\y-am-bn- Hcp- am-kwap-Xv- Zn-hkam-Ip-p- Fm-Wtm- \mw- ]dbm-dp-Xv.- KWnXimkv-{Xn-Xs kzo-Im-cy-am-b Cu- k{Zm-bn-\v- "At{]mIvkn-taj'- Fv- ]dbp-p.- CX\p-kcn-v- Ccp-]stm-,- Ccp ]sm-tXm,-- ap-tXm,-- ap-n-ctm- am-k- BIm-hp- Im-ebfhn-s\p-dn-v- km-am-\y-am-bn- ap-Xv- am-kw- Fv- ]dbpXv- Xn-Ipw- km-[p-Xbp- {]tbm-Kam-Ip-p.-
th-Xn-cn-sSp-v- AXv- AWv-Un-tev- ISn-hn-Sp-IbmWv- co-Xn'' -(aebm-f at\m-ca 10302 Rm-bdm-gv-N "Bbp-cmtcm-Ky-w'- ]wIv-Xnbn-\n-v).- CXp-t]m-se tm-Wnw-Kn-eq-sS a\p-jy-{`q-Ww- kr-jv-Sns SpXm-bpw- ]n-o-Sv- AXv- \in-p-t]m-bXm-bp-ap- hy-Xy-kv-X hm I- Cu-bn-sS ]{Xn- Ip.- Ccw- Im-cy-- kw-`hy-am-hp-Xvap-Ifn- sIm-Sp- hn.-Jp-B- hm-Iy-n-\v- hn-cp-at?-
!Ncn-{Xm-Xo-XIm-ewap-X- Cp-hscbpw- ssZhn-I hy-hkvY{]

Im-cw- ]p-cp-j_o-Phpw- kv-{Xo-bp-sS AWv-Uhpw- tN-m-Wv- a\p jy- Dm-bXv.- C\n-bpw- tem-Im-hkm-\w-hsc AXv- Xp-Scp-IbpwsNpw.- CXm-Wv- kr-jvSn-I-m-hv- \n-ivNbn- {]Ir-Xn- hy-hkvY.kl{km-_v-Z-v- ap-p-Xs kzh-Kt{]an-Ifm-b Nne a\p jy-cpw- Dm-bn-cp-p.- ZmXy-Po-hn-Xw- \bn-m- ]p- im-co cn-ILS\ Dm-bn-pw- {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-am-b am-Kw- kz-bw- sXc sSp-h.- kv-{Xo]p-cp-jm-sc CWIfm-bn- ssZhw- kr-jvSnp- Fv- thZ{K\v-Yfn- ]dXv- sXm-sWv- Cu- "Iq-wsXn-tabp-'-hsc Nq-n-m-Wn-v- Bcpw- CXp-hsc ]dp-tInn-.- {]Ir-Xn-]chpw- \ym-bhpam-b am-Kw- kzo-Icn-v- AXn-s-d k-ê- A\p-`hn-m- ssZhw- a\p-jy-\v- Ahkcw- HcpnbXp-t]m-se {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-am-b amKw- kzo-Icn-v- AXn-s-d Zp-jvê- A\p-`hn-m-\p- kzm-X{y-hpw- \-In-bn-p-v.{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-am-b am-K- kzo-Icn-m-\p- kzm-X{ywa\p-jy-\v- am-{Xsa ssZhw- \-In-bn-p-q.- ""sXfn-p-\n-p cv- ]m-XI- Ah\v- \mw- Im-n-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xn-cn-p p''- (hn.-Jp.- 90:10) F kq-IXn-s-d ]cn-[n-bn- hcp-XmWvvCXv.- {]Ir-Xn-]cam-bXn-s-d au-en-IXbpw- {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-am-bXn s-d A]m-IXbpw- Xn-cn-dn-bm- ]cym-]v-Xam-b hn-tij_p-n bpw- ssZhw- a\p-jy-\v- \-In-bn-p-v.- ]t,- B hn-tij _pnicn-bm-bn- D]tbm-KsSp-m-sX,- {]Ir-Xn-bn- sXm-b CSs] S- \Sm- a\p-jy- DZy-an-p-sapw- AXn-\v- t{]cIw- ss]im NnI- Zp-t_m-[\am-bn-cn-p-sapw- hn-ip- Jp-B\n- (4:119)hy-Iv-Xam-n-bn-p-v.- ]n-im-Nv- ]d hm-p-I- Am-lp- Dcn p-p-: ""Rm- Ahtcm-Sv- I-]n-p-tm- Am-lp-hn-s-d
34
""tl,- a\p-jy-tc,- Xo-bm-bpw- \n-sf \mw- Hcm-Wn-\n-pw- Hcps]n-\n-pam-bn- kr-jv-Sn-n-cn-p-p.- \n-sf \mw- hn-hn-[ kap-Zmbfpw- tKm-{Xfp-am-n-bXv- \n-- ]ckv]cw- Xn-cn-dn-bm- thn bm-Wv.- Xo-bm-bpw- Am-lp-hn-sd ASp-v- \n-fn- GhpwBZcWo-b- \n-fn- Ghpw- [-a\n-jv-T ]m-en-p-h\m-Ip-p.Xo-bm-bpw- Am-lp- k-hPv-R\pw- kq-v-aPv-Rm-\n-bp-am-Ip-p''(hn.-Jp.- 49:13).""]m-fn-Ifp-sS Po-\p-I- Iq-n-t-v- kz-h-Kt{]an-I-pw- ANv O\am- BIm-sav- Atacn-bn-se im-kv-{XPv-R- Isnbn-cn-p-p.- Hcp- kv-{Xobp-sS ico-cn-\n-v- Ir-{Xn-a_o-Pw- D-]mZn-n-sSp-v- at kv-{Xo-bp-sS AWv-Uhp-am-bn- Iq-n-t-m-Wv- imkv{XPvR- ]co-Ww- \Sn-bXv.- Hcp-tIm-in-\n-v- P\nX LSIw-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
80
81
krjv-Sn- ({]Ir-Xn)-sb Ah- Aetm-esSp-pw''.Ir-{Xn-a _o-Pke\w,- P\n-XI ]cn-jv-IcWw,- tm-Wnw-KvXp-Sn-b ]e am-Kfn-eq-sSbpw- ssPh{]Ir-Xn-bn- a\p-jyam-n-cp-ep-I- hcp-n-bn-p-v.- Fm- Ah- Dm-nsb Sp-Xn-s\m-pw- ssZhw- kr-jv-Sn-Xn-s-d X\n-abp-sS ASps m-t]m-epw- Ign-n-n- FXv- Po-him-kv{Xhpw- ]cn-kvYnXnim-k{Xhpw- Aw-Ko-Icn-p- A\n-tj[y-kXy-am-Ip-p.- AXyp v]m-Z\tijn-tbm- Io-S {]Xn-tcm-[ tijn-tbm- tam-ln-v- P\kc hn-n-\fpw- P\n-XI ]cn-jv-IcWw- hcp-n-b (Pn.-Fw)hn-n-\fpw- am-{Xw- Ir-jn-v- D]tbm-Kn-m- ssZhw- \ap-pthn- Hcp-n-b ssPhsshhn-[yw- Ftp-am-bn- \jv-Sspt]m-Iptam- FXm-Wv- Ctm- ]cn-kv-Yn-Xn- {]iv-\w.- tm-WnwKv,tNm-Zy-n- hn-hcn-Xp-t]m-ep- P\n-n-Iv- Fn-\o-bdnw-KvFo- am-Kfn-eq-sS hn-Ikn-n-sSp-sSp- Pp-- kr jv-Sn-tm-hp- ]cn-kv-Yn-Xn- {]iv-\sfp-dn-pw- im-kv-{Xkm aq-ly-im-kv-{X taJeIfn-se {]ap-J- Bi {]ISn-n-n-p-v.ssZhw- kr-jvSn- bm-sXm-n-s\ kw-_\v[n-pw- CXp-t]m-se a\pjy- Bim-Ip-ecm-tIn-hcp-n-.- ssPh {]Ir-Xn-sbp-dnpwa\p-jy-cp-sS {]Ir-Xn- hn-cp- {]h-\sfp-dn-pw- icn-bmb hkv-Xp-XI- hn-ip- Jp-B\n- hn-hcn-n-cn-s ssZhn-I {K\v Yn-s-d hn-izm-ky-Xv- hn-cp-am-b bm-sXm-pw- Cu- dn-tmpIfn- Csv- hy-Iv-Xam-Ip-p.-
bm-sXm-cp- _\v-[hp-an-st CXv- sXfn-bn-p-Xv?- ao-Untbdmb Pn-_v-co- F aen-s\n-epw- Cm-cyw- ]dp-sIm-Sp-m-am-bncpn-t?- Cu- Hscm- ImcWw- t]mtc R- bp-IvXn-hm-Zn-Ifp-sS hmZamWv- icn-sbv- sXfn-bn-m?-
! kq-cy- \p-sS In-gp-`m-Kv- DZn-p-Ibpw- ]Sn-m-dp- `mK

v- Akv-Xan-p-Ibpw- sNp-p- FXv- kXy-am-tWm?- `q-ankz-bw- Idp-Xn-\m- kq-cy- N{Ihm-ffn- DZn-p-IbpwAkvXan-p-Ibpw- sNp-Xm-bn- \ap-v- tXm-p-IbmWv; bYmY-n- kq-cy- kz-w- \nebn- DZn-pItbm- Akv-Xan-pItbm- sNp-n- FXt kXyw?- `q-an-bn-se \n-co-Ismw- A\p-`hsSp-Xv- F \n-ebn- BZyw- ]dXvkXyam-Wv.- Fm- {]m-]n-I hniIe\n- cm-aXp-]dXm-Wv- kXyw.- ]m-T]p-kv-XIfn-epw- ]Wv-Un-Xm-cp-sS cN\Ifn-ep-samw- Cu- cv- kXy-fpw- ]cm-a-in-sSm-dpv.Fm- "ssZhw- kq-cy-s\ Ingv- DZn-n-p-p'- Fv- thZ{K\vY n- ]dm- AXv- ssZhn-s-dtbm- {]hm-NIstbmhnhctSm-sWv- ]dbp-Xv- \ymbam-tWm?-A!-- a\p-jy--vBt]n-Iam-bn- A\p-`hsSp- Im-cy-fpw- BXy-n-I kXyfp-samw- ssZhw- a\p-jy-v- hy-Iv-Xam-nsm-SppXn\v- {]kIv-Xn-bp-v.tkm- h n- b v - bq- W n- b \n- {]kn- o- I cn- v - tIcfnhym]Iam-bn- hnXcWw-sNbv-X "ù-Xn-I Iu-Xp-Iw'- (by s]cam)-F {K\v-Yn,- `q-an-bp-sS ]cpw- tKm-fm-Ir-Xn-bpw- Hcp t]mse Bt]n-I kXy-fm-sWv- DZm-lcW-kln-XwhyIvXam-n-bn-p-v.hn-ip- Jp-B- `q-an-im-k{X {K\vYtam- tKm-fim-k{X {K\vY vvtam- A.- Jp-B\n- ù-Xn-I{]Xn-`m-ksf kw-_\v[n-v- ]cma-in-n-p-Xv- a\p-jy-v- ssZhw-\-In-b A]m-cam-b A\p {Klsf kw-_\v-[n-v- A\p-kv-acn-n-p-Xn-\p-thn-bm Wv.Cu- A\p-{Kl- km-cpw- \n-cc-pw- {Km-aoW-pw\Kchm-kn-I-pw- {]m-No-\-pw- B[p-\nI-pw- Hcpt]m-se t_m-[y-sSp-Xm-bn-cn-Ww.- a\p-jy-v- hoSp-m-m-\pw-
35
cm- ] Iep- I fp- m- I p- Xv - `q- a n- kzbw- I dp- Xp- s Im- m sWtm,- `q-an- Hcp- tKm-fam-sWtm- Jp-B\n-epw- ss__n-fn-epwap aX{K\vYfn-epw- ]dbp-n-.- \_n-p-tijw- 900 h-j- ]nntSn-hp- Cu- kXyw- Ism.- `q-an- ]cXm-sWv- {]hmNI m- {]t_m-[\w- sNbv-Xtm- Am-lp- Fp-sIm-v- B sXvXn-cp-n-sm-Sp-n-?- klm-_n-Ifp-sS Ip-Spw-_ {]iv-\-t]m-epwJp-B\n- N-m-hn-jbam-Wp-Xm-\pw.- Am-lp-hpw- \_n-bpw- Xn-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
82
83
Irjn- sNm-\pw- hml\tam-Sn-m-\pw- ]m-In- `q-an-sb hnXm\n-Xv- Fm-h-pw- t_m-[y-sSp- Im-cy-am-Wv.- CXn-s\ kw_\v-[n-v- kq-v-aam-bn- Nn-n-p-h-smw- CXn-ep- ssZhn-I Zr-jv-Sm-- AYhm- Zn-hym-\p-{Kln-s sXfnhpI- {Km-ly-am-Ipw.`qan- ]cXm-Ip-p- Fsm-cp- {]kv-Xm-hw- hn-ip- Jp-B\n en-.- "`q-an-sb \n--v- thn- sabm-n',- "`q-an-sb \n-v- sXm-n-em-n'-,- "`qan- Fs\bm-Wv- ]csn-p-sXv(t\m-q-)-'- Fsm-sbmWv- Jp-B\n-se ]cm-a-i.- AXnthKw- Idp- Hcp- tKm-fam-bn-cn-sXs `q-an-bp-sS {]XewP\fp-sS Fm- Bhiy--pwhn-im-eam-b kuIcy-apXm-bnkw-hn-[m-\n- hn-[m-Xm-hn-t\m-Sv- kr-jv-Sn-I \n-Im WntXn-s-d Bhiy-IXbm-Wv- Cu- hm-Iy-fn-eq-sS kqNnn-sn-p-Xv.CtXm-sSm-w-Xs `q-an- tKm-famsWv- kq-Nn-n-p- ]ehm Iy-fpw- Jp-B\n-ep-v.- Hv-,- ""cm-{Xnsb Ah- ]Ien-\p-taNp-n-pp.- ]Ien-s\ Ah- cm-{Xn-taepw- Npn-p-p''-(39:5)-.tKm-fw- F-Y-ap- Iqdx,- Ip-dx- Fo- ]Zfpw- Cu- hm-Iy n- {]tbm-Kn- "Id'-bpw- Htc ]Z[m-Xp-hn-\n-v- \n-jv-]mZnXam-bn-p-hbs{X.- "Id'- F ]Zn-\v- Hands Wehr Ara bic English Dictionary bn- \-In-b A-Yfp-sS Iq-n- roll into a ball, to make ball shaped Fpw- Im-Wmw.- ]c `q-an-bncm]Iep-I- am-dn-am-dn- hcp-Xn-s\ kw_\v-[n-v- hn-hcn-m"]pt]m-se Idp-Xm-p-I'- F-Yap Hcp- ]Zw- D]tbm- -Kn-p-Xn-\v- {]kIv-Xn-bn-.- cv,- aiv-cn-Jv- (DZbkv-Ym-\w),- aKvcn-_v- (Akv-Xab kv-Ym-\w)- Fo- ]Z- GIhN\am bpw(2:115),- Zzn-hN\am-bpw- (55:17)-,- _lp-hN\am-bpw- (70:40)- hnip- Jp-B\n- {]tbm-Kn-n-p-v.- Hcp- ]c {]Xen- kqcy - {]Xy-sSp-Ibpw- adbp-Ibpw- sNp-Xm-bn- [cn- HcmCs\ aq-v- hn-[n- {]tbm-Kn-m- Hcp- \ym-bhp-an-.- cvA-[-tKm-ffn-epw- `qtKm-fn-s-d hn-hn-[ `m-Kfn-epw- A\p `hsSp- DZbm-kv-Xa\sf kw-_\v-[n- icn-bm-b [m-cW bm-Wv- Cu- sshhn-[y-am- ]Z{]tbm-K-v- \n-Zm-\w.-
Keoen-tbm-v- ap-v- Bcpw- `q-an- Hcp- tKm-fam-sWv- ]dnn- Fsm-cp- A_[m-cW tem-Iv- Fs\tbm- {]Ncnnp-v.- bYm-Y-n- ap-lZv- \_n- (k)-v- ap-p-Xs `qan-bpsS tKm-fm-Ir-Xn- kw-_\v[n-v- {]IrXn-im-kv{XPvR-v- [mcWbpm-bn-cp-p. 365 1/4 Zn-hkap- kucIe- {]mNo-\Im-ev]ecpw- KWn-n-cp-p.- `q-an- kq-cy-\v-Np-pw- Hcp- {]ZnWw- ]qn-bm-m-s\Sp-p- kabam-Wtm- Hcp- ku-chjw.- ]c `q-an-sb kw-_\v-[n- [mcWb\p-kcn-v- A{X IWn-iambnkuch-jw- KWn-p-I km-[y-ta A.- ss\- \Zn-bn- ]cam h[n- Pe\n-cv- Dbcp- cv- Zn-hk- \n-co-n-nv- Ah Xn ep- AIew- IWm-n-bm-Wv- tSm-fan-bpw- apw- IWn-iam-b ku-ch-jw- KWn-sXv- tKm-U- ssN-Uv- Fgp-Xn-bn-p-v.shsmw- \n-co-n-n-v- 365 1/4 F kq-v-a kw-Jy-bnFn- F IY hn-iz-kn-m- hfsc {]bm-kam-Wv.- FmPq-en-b- Iedn- kuch-jw- IWn-iam-bn- KWn-Xv- GXv\Zn-bn-se shsm-s B[m-cam-n-bm-sWv- Bcpw- FgpXn-n-n-.- `q-an-sb Hcp- tKm-fam-bn-Ip-sIm-p- Pym-an-Xob KW\bn-eq-sS am-{Xsa ku-ch-jw- IWn-iam-bn- IWm m- Ign-bq- Fm-Wv- Cu- teJI- Icp-Xp-Xv.BZy-Im-e ap-kv-enw-Ifn- ]ecpw- `q-an- Hcp- -tKm-fam-sW [m-cWbp-hcm-bn-cp-p.- A History of Astronomy from Thales to Kepler F {K\v-Yn- Ile Dreyar Fgp-Xn-bXv- t\mp-I: ""{]]hp-am-bn- Xp-e\w- sNp-tm- hfsc sNdnb ]cn-amWwam-{Xap- Hcp- tKm-fam-Wv- `q-an-sb hkv-Xp-X GtXm-hn-[nAtd_y- ]Wv-Un-Xm-n-Sbn- A\n-tj[y-am-b kzo-Im-cyX t\Sn-gn-n-cp-p.- tPym-Xn-im-kv-{Xn-s-d DZvKXn-sbpS-v- Ah-n-Sbn- BZy-am-bn- \Ss imkv-{Xo-b kwcw`w- `q-an-bp-sS hep-w- (Np-fhpw- hymkhpw-)- \nWbn-p-Ibmbn-cp-p.- ]m-an-dm- kaXen- Jeo-^m- amaq-sd Dchp-{]Im-cam-Wv- AXv- \SXv''.- \_n- (k)-v- tijw- 200 h-jn\p-n-em-Wv- Cu- kw-`hw.
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
84
85
36
""Ch CXphsc ({]mY\m thfbn) Xncnp \nncp `mKp\nv Chsc Xncnphn ImcWsamsWv aq-Vmcmb BfpI tNmZntpw. (\_ntb) ]dbpI: AmlphntdXpX sbmWv Ingpw ]Snmdpsamw. Ah\ptinphsc Ah t\cmb amKntep \bnpp'' (2:142).\ XpSpt]mcp Hcp Imcyn h amhpw hcpp tm ImcWat\zjnpI kzm`mhnIamWtm. apIfn sImSp hN\n Jn_ve amspdnv At\zjnp BfpIsf aqVm FmWtm JpB kwt_m[\ sNpXv. CXv icnbmtWm?
Xncnp\nv \akv I cnpXnsd {]kIv X n Bpw hyIvXamWv. CsXms Adnbmsanepw shdpsX Bibpg apmm\pw Imcyt_m[anmhsc Ckv e man\nv AIm\pwthn IpXw \SnbncphscbmWv Cu kqIvXn aq-Vm Fv hntijnnXv.
!AXypX\pw BImi`qanIfpsS {kjvSmhpamb Amlpthm

Sv {]mYnph GXv `mKtv XncnbWw FXv hfsc \nWmbIamb Imcya. Fm ZnpIfpsSbpw {kjvSmhn\v Hcp {]tXyI Znnt\mSv {]tXyI hntcm[tam {]tXyI Xm]cy tam DmhpIbn. Fm, apkvenwIfpsS hyhkvYm]nX {]mY\bvv, AYhm \akvImcn\v sFIcq]apmIm Hcp Zni \nivNbnt Xocq. akvPnZp ldmw C{_mlnw \_n(A) kvYm]n Bcm[\me bamsWnepw JpssdinI AXv _lpssZhmcm[\bpsS tI{amn amnbncpp. JpssdinIfmIs Ckvemans\bpw apkvenwIsfbpw Dqe\w sNm tImpIqphcpambncpp. AXpsImmbncnmw Atmgpw innsd tI{amsn nm akvPnZp AJvkbntev Xncnp \akvIcnm apkvenwIv I]\ e`nXv. Fm, am\nhmknIfn KWyamb Hcp `mKw Ckvemw kzoIcnpIbpw akvPnZp ldmw inn\nv apIvXamsSm km[yX sXfnbpIbpw sNbv Xtm apkvenwI AtmpXncnp \akvIcnmXs Amlp I]npIbpw sNbvXp. C{_mlo-aoamKw ]npScp apkv e nwI Atlw kv Y m]n akv P nZnsd t\v
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
C-kv-emapwhn-a-i-\--fpw
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
12
C-kv-emapwhn-- a-i-\--fpw
89
37
ù-Xn-I \n-baa\p-kcn-m-Wsm- ASnahym-]m-chpw- shmnk{Zm-bhpw- B[p-\n-Item-Iw- \n-tcm-[n-Xv.- aZyw- \n-tcm-[n-Xp-t]m se ]Sn-]Sn-bm-sbn-epw- Cm-cy-- \n-tcm-[n-m-Xp-sIm-v- ap \n-ba- tem-Im-hkm-\w-hsc \n-e\n-Wsapw,- t`ZKXn ]m-Sn-spw- hm-Zn-p-Xp-t]m-se Chbpw- \n-e\n-Wsav- ]dbmsXp-sIm-m-Wv?- ASn-a hym-]m-chpw- shm-n- k{Zm-bhpw- `q {]`p-Xz-hpw- \n-e\n-n-sm-ss\ Hcp- Nq-jW hn-ap-Iv-Xam-b cm-jv-{Sw- sIn-Sp-m- Ign-bpw?-
! Ckvemw- ASn-aw- kr-jSn-n-n-.- kz-X{cm-b a\p-jy-scsbm vpw- ASn-aIfm-m- Ckv-emw- A\p-hZn-n-p-an-.- bp-ShpIm-sct]m-epw- \n-cp-]m-[n-Iw- hn-bp-Itbm- tam-N\{Zhyw- hmntam-Nn-n-p-Itbm- sNm-\m-Wv-ASn-aIfm-m-\Jp-B\n(47:4)- \n-tZ-in-n-p-Xv.- Fm- ap-kv-enw- bp-Shp-Im-sc i{Xp-- ASn-aIfm-n- am-n-bn-cp-Xn-\m- ap-kv-enw-I-pwXp-ey-am-b \S]Sn- kzo-Icn-tn-hn-p-v.- Ahsct]m-epwASn-asbv- hn-fn-m-sX `r-Xy,- `rXy- Fn-s\ hn-tijn-nm-\m-Wv- \_n- (k)- ]Tn-n-Xv.- GsXn-epwhn-[n- ASnabm-bn-o- a\p-jy-s\ tam-Nn-n-v- kz-X{ ]u-c\m-n- amp Xv- Ckv-em-an- alm-b ]p-Wy-I-aam-Ip-p.- ]e sXp-Ip -pw- Jp-B\n- \n-tZ-in- {]m-bv-iv-Nnfn-sem-vASn-asb tam-Nn-n-em-Ip-p.- am-\hn-I {]Xn-k\v[n-I-v- hnip Jp-B- (90:13)- \n-tZ-in- ]cn-lm-cfn- {]Yaam-bn-pXvASn-aIfp-sS tam-N\am-Ip-p.- Ckvem-an-I `cWIq-Sw- DtSpw-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
90
91
Cm-tSpw- hn-izm-kn-I- ]m-en-t [m-an-I A\p-imk \-m-Wv- ssZhn-Iam-b BZ-in- {]m-ap-Jy-ap-Xv.- aZy n-s-d Im-cy-n-epw- Ckv-em-an-s-d \n-e]m-Sv- Gsd hy-Xy-kv Xa.- Hcp- `cW\n-ban-eq-sSbp- aZy-\n-tcm-[sm- Ckvem-an- {]m-[m-\y-ap-Xv- aZy-h-Pv-P\w- Hcp- [m-an-I _m-[y-Xbm bn- hn-izm-kn-I- KWn-p-Xn-\m-Wv.ù-Xn-I \n-baf\p-kcn-v- ASn-a-hpw- shm-n- k{Zmb hpw- Ahkm-\n-n-p-shn-epw- A\u-]Nm-cn-Iam-b cq-]n- C sXm-s ]ecm-Py-fn-epw- \n-e\n-p-hcp-p-v- FXm-WvkXyw.- Cy-bp-sS Nn-e `m-Kfn- ASn-aWn- \n-e\n-pXvCSn-sS am-[y-a- shfn-v- sIm-p-hcm-dp-v.- Hcp- kv{Xo sb ASn-abm-n- tPm-en-sbSp-n-p-Xv- B[p-\n-I cm-jv-{S\n-baw-aq-ew- \n-tcm-[n-n-p-sn-epw- Concubine (shm-n-)- F t]cn- `m-cy-bm- kv-{Xo-Ifp-sam-v- ssew-Kn-I Po-hnXw- \bnp-Xv- ]e bq-tdm-Atacn-- cm-Py-fn-epw- \n-_m-[w- XpScp-p-v.- Iayq-Wn-kn-s-d D]Pv-Rm-Xm-hm-b Im-d- amIvkn-\pw- Ccw- Hcp- shm-n-bp-m-bn-cp-p-shv- Atlnsd Po-hNcn-{XIm-cm- tcJsSp-n-bn-p-v.- CXn-\v- ]pdsa "tImlm-_n-tj'- F t]cn-epw- B[p-\n-I- `m-cy-bm- kv-{XoIfp-am-bn- _\v-[w- kv-Ym-]n-p-hcp-p.- ss{]hv- sk{Idn-am-cpwkv-st\m-Ifpw- apw- ên- shm-n-Ifm-bn-o-cp- kw` hfpw- Ip-dh.- Np-cp-n,- ASn-ahpw- shm-n- k{Zmb hpw- Hu-]Nm-cn-Iam-bn- \n-tcm-[n- cm-Py-fn-epw- ênAsXm-s Xp-Scp-p-; kv-{Xo-[\ \n-tcm-[\n- \n-v- Gsd hyXy-kv-Xam- \n-ebn.-- Fm- Ckv-emw- Hcp- ISem-kv\n-baw- AhXcn-n-p-Xn\v- ]Icw- ASn-an-s-d a\p-jyXzhn-cp-am-b DSn-s\Xn-cn- [m-an-Iam-b \o-w- \SpI bm-Wv- sNbv-XXv.- aZy-\n-tcm-[w- hn-Pbn-n-m- B[p-\n-I,- ùXnI cm-j{S-v- Ign-bm-sX t]m-bXv- Ahbvv- Cu- [m-an-IXbpvsS A Cm-Xp-sIm-s{X.- Ncn-{Xn- Xp-ey-Xbn m- hnPbw- aZy-h-PvP\ hn-jbn- ssIhcn-m- Ckveman-\v- km-[n-Xv- [-at_m-[w- \n-ban-\v- ]n-_etaIn-bXpsImp- am-{Xam-Ip-p.- ù-Xn-Iam-b bm-sXm-cp- \n-ban-\pw- CXx-
]cy-w- Cu- t\w- IcKXam-bn-n-.- `q-{]`p-Xzw- Ckvem-an-\v- A\y am-Ip-p.- `q-an- Ir-jn-tbm-Ky-am-n-bm- Hp-In- kz-bw- Ir-jnsNp-Itbm- Asn- ap-h-v- Ir-jn- sNm- hn-p-sImSpp-Itbm- sNWsam-Wv- {]hm-NI \n-tZ-iw.-
38
k-htem-I c-n-Xm-hmb- Am-lp-hn-s-d- A-Sn-a-I-fm-Wv- Rm\-S -ap-- a-\p-jy-k-aq-lw- F-n-cns-,- a-\p-jy- a-v- a-\p-jy-sc- ASn-a I-fm-n-sh-p--Xv- i-cn-b--tm?- AXpw- F-m-hn-[- sI-p-]m-Sp-I-fn\npw- a-\p-jys\- tam-Nn-n-- C-kvem-an-!Cu- A-Sn-a-- k-{-Zm-bw- apl-Zv \-_n- (k)- {]-hm-N-I-\m-bn-h-cp -Xn-\v- ap-v- D-m-b-Xm-tWm?- A-tXm- \-_n- (k)-v- tijw- \n-e-hnh--Xm-tWm?- A-Sn-a--s-p-dn-p-- Ckv-em-an-s-d- b-Ym-Y- \ne]mSv- Fm-Wv?-
! A-Sn-a-w- c-v- hn-[-ap-v.- H-v- ]-c-a-hpw- A-eu-In-I-hp-am-bA-Sn-a-w.- F-m- a-\p-jy-cpw- {]-]--\m-Y-s-d- A-Sn-a-I-fm-sWv]-d-bp--Xv Cu- A-Y-n-em-Wv.- Nn-e- Cu- A-Y-n-ep-- Zmkyw- a-v- ]-e-pw- A-n-m-dp-v.- kq-cy-Zm-k,- tb-ip-Zmk,{io-]-Xv-a-\m-`- Zm-k- F-sm-s- ]-d-bp--Xv- C-Xn-\v- D-Zm-l-c-W am-Ip-p.- C--s\-bp-- Zm-kyw- I-Wn-i-am-b- G-I-ssZ-h- hn-izmkn-\v- hn-]co-Xam-Ip-p.- F-m- eu-In-Iam-b- A-Sn-ansd- Im-cyw- C-Xn-\nvhy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv.tem-In-s-d- ]-e- `m-Kfn-epwap-lZv- \-_n- (k-)v- appw- - ti-jhpw- \n-e\n-n-cp-- A-Sn-a- k-{-Zm-bs- C-kvemw- Hpwt{]m-Xv-km-ln-n-n-n-- F--Xp-t]m-se-X-s- I-i-\-am-bn- \ntcm [n-n-p-an-.- \-_n- (k)-bp-sS- Im-eLn-se- km-aq-ly- km-n- - I- km-l-N-cy--fn- {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bn- km-[y-am-bn-cp-- Ht-sd\-S-]-Sn-I-fn-eq-sS- {I-a-{]-hr--am-bn- A-Sn-a-w- C-m-Xm-m- {ianp-I-bm-Wv- C-kv-emw- sN-bv-X-Xv.- bp-n-s-d- A-\n-hm-cy- kmlN-cy-fnsem-gn-sI- k-zX{-cm-b- a-\p-jy-sc- ASn-aIfm-n- amm- - -
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
92
93
C-kv-emw- Bpw- A-h-Im-iw- \-In-bn-n-.- \_n- (k)-bp-sSIm-e-v- C-kv-em-an-s-d- i-{Xp-- sN-bv-Xn-c-p--Xv- Ah-cp-sS- ]nSnbn- A-Is-Sp-- ap-kvenw- bp-Shp-Im-sc- A-Sn-aIfmn- amp- - - I-bm-bn-cp-p.- X-p-ey-\-S-]-Sn- F--\n-e-bn- ap-kv-enw-I-fpw- Ah-cp-sS- ]n-Sn-bn-em-Ip-- bp---S-hp-Imsc- A-Sn-aI-fm-n-bn-cp-p.C--s\- sN-m--]-w- i-{Xp--fp-sS- [-mjvSyw- hn-p-Ibpw- ap-kv-enw-I- {Iqc-am-b- A-Sn-a-w- kv-Yn-c-am-bn- A-\p-`-hn-tn-h-cp-I-bpw- sN-p-am-bn-cp-p.F-m-epw- bp-Shp-Im-sc- ASn-aIfm-n- am-Wsa-v- Am- - - - lp- I-]n-n-n-.- Cu- hn-j-b-I-am-bn- hn-ip- Jp-B- ]-d-bpXv- t\m-p-I-:- ""BI-bm- k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-am-bn- \n- G-p ap-n-bm-- ]n-c-Sn-I-fn- sh-p-I.- A--s\- A-h-sc- \n- AasN-bv-Xp-I-gn-m- A-h-sc- i-Iv-Xn-b-m-bn- _-\-v[n-p-I.- F-n-vAXn-\p-ti-jw- (A-h-tcm-Sv)- Zm-n-Wyw- Im-Wn-p-I-tbm- A-sn- tam-N-\-aq-eyw- hm-n- hn--b-p-I-tbm- sN-p-I.- bp-w- AXns-d- `m-c-- C-d-n-sh-p--Xp-h-sc-b-s{X- A-Xv''- (hn.- JpB- 47:-4).- bp---S-hp-Imsc- H-p-In- sh-dp-sX- hn-Sp-I-tbmA-s-n- tam-N-\-aqeyw- hm-n-hn-Sp-I-tbm- B-Wv- th--sX- s{X- Cu- h-N-\w- hy-Iv-X-am-p--Xv.kz-w- Im-en- \n-m-- I-gn-bp-- A-Sn-a-I- kzm-X-{ywB-{K-ln-p-p-sh-n- A-h-cp-am-bn- tam-N-\-I-cm-dn- G-s-SW-sa-v- hnip- Jp-B- (24:-33)- I-]n-n-p-v.- am-\-hn-I- {]Xnk-\v-[n- ]-cn-l-cn-m- A-\n-hm-cy-am-b- Im-cy- hn-h-cn-p-tS-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B- H-m-a-Xm-bn- F-n-bn-p--Xv- a-\p-jyscA-Sn-a--n-\n-v- tam-Nn-n-p-- Im-cy-am-Wv- (90:-13).- ]-e- sXvIp---pwhn-ip-- Jp-B- hn[n-n-p-- {]-[m-\- {]m-bivNn-w- A-Sn-a-sb- tam-Nn-n--em-Wv- (h-n.-Jp- 4:-92,- 5:-89,- 58:-2 F-ohN-\-- t\m-pI).- A-Sn-a-I-sf- tam-Nn-n-- Ckv-emanHcp- {]-[m-\- ]p-W-y-I-a-a-s{X.- \-_n- (k)-bp-sS- D--a- injymH-t-sd- A-Sn-a-I-sf- A-h-cp-sS- b-P-am-\-m-cn-\n-v- hn-ebv-vhmn-b-Xn-\p-tijw- \n-cp-]m-[n-Iw- tam-Nn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn.Nn-e- {]-tXy-I- km-l-N-cy--fn- A-Sn-a-w- C-kv-emw- A-\p-
h-Zn-p,- AY-hm- \n-tcm-[n-n-- F-p-s-nepw- A-Sn-a--n-sea-\p-jy-X-zhn-cp--am-b- Aw-i--sfm-s- C-kv-emw- hn-e-n-bn-pv.A-Sn-aIsf- A-[acmbn- K-Wn-m-sX- a-\p-jy- k-tlm-Zc- F- - - \n-e-bn- ho-n--W-sa-v- A-m-lp-hpw- d-kq-epw- (k)- ]e- hN\--fn-eq-sS- ]-Tn-n-p.- A-Sn-a-Iv- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Po-hn-X- ku-I cy-sfm-s- \-IWsa-pw- A-hsc-sm-v- I-Tn-\am-b- tPmen- I- sNn-cp-sX-pw- d-kq- (k-)- A-\pim-kn-p.- A-Sn-aItfmSv- \-- \n-e-bn- s]-cp-am-d-W-sa-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B- (4:-36) I]np.- A-Sn-a-I- kv-{Xo-I-fm-bm-epw- ]pcp-j-m-cm-bm-epw- A-h-vIp-Spw-_-Po-hn-Xw- G-s-Sp-n-sm-Sp--W-sa-v- hn-ip-- Jp B (24:32)- A-\p-im-kn-p.- A-Sn-a- F-- ]-Zw- Hgn-hm-n- `r-Xy,`-r-Xy- F-n--s\- {]tbm-Kn--W-sa-v- \-_n- (k)- \n-tZ-in-p.Np-cp--n- \-_n- (k)-v- ap-v- k-l-{km-_v-Z--fm-bn- \n-e \n-n-cp-- A-Sn-a-w- ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn A-h-km-\n-n-m-\p-- \-S ]-Sn-I- kzo-I-cn-p-I-bpw- A-Xn-\n-sS,- A-h-ti-jn-n-cp-- A-Sn-a I-sf- ]Xn-Xz-n- \n-pw- ]oUn-Xm-h-kv-Y-bn-\n-pw- tam-Nnnp-Ibp-am-Wv- C-kvemw sN-bvXXv.- Fm- ap-kvenw-Isf- ap-gph- ò-I-c-cm-bn- Nn-{Xo-I-cn-v- tem-I-n-\v-apn- ta-\n-\-Sn-p-- Ata-cn-- H-cp- B-[p-\n-I- cm-jv-{S-am-bn- am-dn-bXv-X-s- B-{^nbn-\n-v- N--ebn-X-f-p- sIm-p-t]mb- e---W-n\ot{Km- A-Sn-a-Isf-sm-v- A-Xn-{Iq-c-am-bncm--I- ]-Wn-sbSp-n-n-m-Wv.- A-ta-cn--bn-se- B-Zn-a- \nhm-kn-I-fm-b- sd-Uv- Cym-tcm-Sv- sh-m- Im-Wn-- {Iq-c-X-I- AXn-t\-m- `-bm\I-am-bn-cp-p.- X-fp-sS- \m-Kcn-IX- sIm-Spw-{Iq-cXbp-sS-ta- sIn- - sm-n-b-Xm-sW-- k-Xyw- Nn-e- A-ta-cn-- F-gp-p-Im-Xs- Xp-d-v- k--Xn-n-p-v.- ASn-a--tm-Sv- Xm-Xzn-I-am-bpw{]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bpw- C-kv-em-an-t\m-fw- A-\yq-\-am-b- \n-e-]m-Sv- kzoIcn-- asm-cp- a-X-hpw- Z-i-\-hpw- D-m-bn-n-- F--Xn-\v- N-cn-{Xwkm-n-bm-Wv.-
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Im-iv-ao-cn-se- Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-- ]-Z- [-cn-m-- ap-kv-enw- kv-{Xo-I-sfsh-Sn-sh-p-sIm-p-sa-m-W-tm- ò-j-Wn.- b-Ym-Y-n- A-Sn-a- kv{XoI-fm-b- ap-kv-enw- kv-{Xo-I- a-d-t-- `m-Kw- (Hu-d-v-)- ap-n-\pw- s]m-nfn-\pw- C-S-bn-ep-- `m-K-am-sW-v- \-_n-bp-sS- Im-e-s- N-cn-{Xw- Dcnp-sIm-v- ^Xv-lp- ap-Cu- ]-d-bp-p.- _p-- [-cn-t--Xv- \-_nbp-sS- `mcy-am-p-- {]-tXy-I- \n-b-aa-m-bn-cp-p-sh-m-Wv- Nn-e- ]-d bp-Xv.- CXv- i-cn-bm-tWm?- A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo-I-v- ]-Z-bpw- _p--bpw[-cn-t--Xn-- F- hm-Zw- I-g-p--Xm-tWm?- Fn- C-Xv- ]m-iv-Nm Xy- th-js- Aw-Ko-Icn-p-Xn- sX-n-- F-t- sX-fn-bn-p-Xv?A-tm- ]ns- Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS- ]-Z-m-\-bw- sX--t?-
! Im-ivao-cn-se- Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Ifn- GsXm-s- Nn-m-KXn-m-cpsv- Cu- te-J-I-\v- kq-v-a-am-bn- A-dn-bn.- ]-Z- [-cn-m-- kv{XoI-fp-sS- t\-sc- A-h- G-Xv- X-cw- ò-j-Wn- ap-g-n-sb-pw- Ir-Xyambn- A-dn-bn-.- C--cw- Im-cy--fn- am-[-y-a- dn-tm-p-I- ]qWam-bn- hn-iz-kn-m- {]-bmkam-Wv.- Fm-bm-epw- H-cp-Im-cyw- Ddn - - p- ]-d-bmw.- kv-{Xo-I- A-\y-]p-cp-j-m-cp-sS- ap-n- {]-Xy-sSp-tm- ap-J-hpw- ssI--S--fpw- H-gn-sI-bp-- i-co-c-`m-K-- ad--W-sa-v- C-kv-emw- \n-jv-I-jn-n-p-s-n-epw- C-m-cy-nF-s-n-epw- ho-gvNhcp-n-bXn-s-d- t]-cn- bm-sXm-cp- kv{Xosb- - bpw- \-_n- (k-)-tbm- k--cn-X-cmb- J-eo-^-am-tcm ]o-Un-n--Xmbndntm-v- sN--s-n-n-.- ssZ-h- hn-izm-km- {]-tNm-Zn-X-cmbnk-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I- \n-jvT]p-e-t-- hn-jb- A-Sn-bpw- sh - Sn-bpwap-tJ-\- \Sm-t--XmsW-v- sX-n--cn--h-cmWv- Xo-{h hm-Z- ò-j-Wn-I- ap-g-p-Xv.A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo- ap-n-\pw- s]m-n-fn-\pw- C-S-bn-ep-`m-K-ta- a-d t-Xp-q-sh-v- A-m-lp-thm- d-kq-tem- (k)- ]-d-n-n-.- C tm- A-Sn-aw- C-m--Xp-sIm-v- Cu- hn-j-bw- N-- sN-p -Xn-\v- h-en-b- {]-kIXn-bpan-.- A-Sn-aw- {I-ta-W- C-m-Xmm- vD-t-in-p-sIm-p--Xm-Wv- Jp-B-\n-se-bpw- l-Zo-kn-se-bpw- \n t-i-.- \-_n- (k)-bp-sS-bpw- k-lm-_n-I-fp-sS-bpw- Im-e-v-
Ipdv- A-Sn-a-I-fp-m-bn-cp-p.- A-h-cn- Nn-e-cpsS- bP-am-\-mA-ap-kvenw-Ifm-bn-cp-p.- A-Sn-a- kv{Xo-Ifn- Nn-e-v- ]-cn-an-Xambh-k{X-ta- e-`n-n-cp-pq.- AXn-\m- i-co-cw- ]q-Wam-bn- adbpvh-k{Xw- [-cn-m- A-hsc- \n-_\v[np-Xv- \o-Xn-bm-bn-cn-n.v- -A-Xn-\m- ""\n--v- km-[n-p-{X- A-m-lp-sh- kq-n-pI''F- Jp-B-\n-I- hn-[n-b-\p-k-cn-v- e`y-am-b- h-kv-{Xw- [-cn-v- \akv--cn- A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo-I- D-m-bn-p-m-Imw.- A-Xn-s-d- A-SnkvYm-\-n- kv{Xobp-sS- "Hu-d-v'- kw-_-\v-[n-v- s]mXph-n-[n- cq]s-Sp-p--Xv- i-cn-bm-bn-cn-n-.kv-{Xo-I- F--s\- h-kv-{Xw- [cn--W-sa-v- hnip-- JpB\n- hyIv-X-am-n-bn-p-v.- C-Xv- {]-hm-N-I- ]-Xv-\n-amv- am-{Xw_m-[Iam-bn-p-X,- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-v- sam-am-bp-Xm- Wv.""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-tfm-Spw- A-h-cp-sS- Zr-jv-Sn-I- Xm-gv-phm \pw- Ah-cp-sS- K-ply- A-hbh- Im-p-kq-n-p-hm\pw- Ah- - -cp-sS- `w-Kn-bn-\nv- {]-Xy--am-b-sXm-gn-v- asmpw- sh-fn-sSpm-Xn-cn-p-hm-\pw- \o- ]-d-bp-I.- A-h-cp-sS- a--\-I- Ip-m-bam-dp-I-v- ao-sX-- A-h- Xm-gv-n-bn-p-sIm--s''- (hn.-Jp.- 24:-31).in-c-kpw- am-hn-S-hpw- D-s-sS- i-co-c-`m-K-- a-d-bv-W-sa-vC-Xn-\n-v- hy-Iv-X-am-Wv.- "{]-Xy--am-b-sXm-gn-v'- F-- hm-n\v{]-ap-J- ]-Wv-Un-X-m- \-In-b- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww- apJhpw- ssI--S-fpw- a-d-t--Xn-s-m-Wv.kv{Xo- ku-cyw- B-kz-Zn-m-\pw- A-hfp-sS- am-ZIXzw- Nq-jWwsN-m-\pw-th-n- I-gp-I--pw- Nq-j-W-Xzc-bp-ap--h- A-h-fpsSta- A-Sn-t-]n-- B-`m-kam-Wv- ]m-ivNm-Xy-th-jw.- ]p-cp-jmi-co-c-am-sI- a-d-bvp-I-bpw- kv-{Xo-I- ]-c-am-h-[n- Xp-d-n-Sp-I-bpwsN-p-- k-{-Zm-bs- H-cp- X-eXn-cn-- kw-kvImcam-tb- Imcy- -- t_m-[-ap--h-v- hn-e-bn-cp-m-s\m-q.- X-s-d- Aw-K-em-h-Wyw]-c-am-h-[n- Nqj-Ww- sN--s-Sp--Xm-Wv- X-sd- kzm-X-{y-n\v\n-Zm-\-sa-v- [-cn-m- am-{X-ap-- au-Vyw- H-cp- kv-{Xo-sb- ]n-Sn Iq-Sn-bm- A-Xv- H-cp- a-lm-Zp-c--am-Ip-p.- \n-`m-Ky-h-im- ]m-iv Nm-Xy- h-\n-X-I-fn-epw- Ah-sc- A-\v-[-am-bn- A-\p-I-cn-p--h-cnepwH-cp-hn-`m-Kw- Cu- Zp-c--n-\v- C-c-bm-bn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.-
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""Abp-sS ap-v- \mw- ]p-cp-jm-scb-m-sX Hcm-sfbpw- {]hm NI\m-bn- Abn-n-''- (bq-kp-^v- 109). \_n-v- tijap- \m-ev- Jeoâmcn- Bcpw- kv-{Xo-Ifm-bn-cp-n-.- \n-kv-I-m-caSw- apkv-enw- kv-{Xo-vs]m-Xpap-dnbn -shm-Wv- Daw- (apk^v- C_v-\p- A_o- ssi_ (2/384).- ""s]m-Xp-`cWw- \Sm- kv{Xo-sb G-]n- kaq-lw- hnPbn p-Ibn-''-(_p-Jm-cn).- Cu- hm-Iy-fn-\n-pw- ap-kv-enw- kv{Xo- s]m-Xp`cWw- \Sm- ]m-Sn- Ft a\n-em-Ip-Xv?- As\bmsW n- \p-sS cm-Py-v- kv-{Xo-kw-hcWw- \Sm-p-Xn-eq-sS apkvenwkv - { Xo- v - s]m- X p- ` cWw- \Sm- Ckv - e m- a n- I \n- b a{]Im- c wA\phZ\o-bam-tWm? ""Nn-e ]p-cp-jm-scbm-sX \n-\v- ap-v- \mw- Zq-Xm-cm-bn\n-tbm-Kn-n-n-'' F ]cm-a-iw- hn-ip Jp-B\n-se aq-vkq-Iv-Xfn- (12:109,- 16:43,- 21:7)- Im-Wmw.- "dn-Pm'- Fm-WvChn-sSsbm-s {]tbm-Kn- ]Zw.- ]p-cp-jm-- Fpw- a\p-jymFpw- Cu- ]Zn-\v- A-Yam-Im-hp-Xm-Wv.- kv{Xo-I-v- {]hm NIXz-n-\v- AhIm-ian-sv- kv-Ym-]n-p-Ibm-Wv- D]cyp-Iv-X ]cm-ain-s-d Xm-]cy-sav- a\n-em-m- \ym-bw- ImWpn-.- \m-p-Im-cn-s] Nn-e Bfp-IsfXsbm-Wv- Am-lp{]hm-NIm-cm-bn- \ntbm-Kn-sXpw,- aep-Isftbm- PnpI sftbm- A]cn-Nn-Xcm-b ]ctZin-Isftbm A AbsXpwhy- I v - X am- p- I bm- W v - {]kv - X p- X ]cm- a - i w- s Imv - Dtin ssXm-Wv- ]iv-Nm-en-\n-v- {Kln-m-hp-Xv.Fm- GsXn-epw- kv{Xo-sb Am-lp- {]hm-NIXz- ZuXywG-]n-n-p-tm- FXv- Jp-B\pw- lZo-kpw- Ncn-{Xhpw- ]cn tim-[n-v- Ddp-hcp-t Im-cy-am-Wv.- GsXn-ep-sam-cp- kv-{Xo{]hm-NIbm-bn-cp-p-shv- Ddn-v- ]dbm-\p-XIp- bmsXm-cpsXfn-hpw- Cu- teJI\v- Im-Wm-Ign-n-n-.- Jp-B\n-epwkpn-epw- \_n- Ftm- dkq- Ftm- ]dv- ]cn-NbsSp n-bhcp-sS Iq-n- Hcp- kv-{Xo-bpw- D-sSp-n-.- Cu-km,aq-km- (A)- Fo- {]hm-NIm-cp-sS am-Xm--v- Am-lp-
t_m[\w- \-In-bXm-bn- hn-ip- Jp-B\n-\n-v- {Kln-mhpXn-\m- Ah-v- ssZhn-I Zu-Xyw- G-]n-sn-cp-p- FvIcp-Xm-sav- Nn-e- A`n-{]m-bsn-p-v.- ]t,- Ah- kaqla [y- n- e ndn- {]t_m- [ \w- \Sn- b Xn- \ v - sXfn- s hm- pwImWpn-.ap-kv-enw- kv-{Xo-v- s]m-Xp-dq-an-shv- \akv-I-cn-p-Xm-WvDaw- F-Y-ap- bm-sXm-cp- \_n-hN\hpw- C.- ""\n-Am-lp-hn-s-d Zm-kn-Isf Am-lp-hn-s-d ]n-Ifn -\n-vXSbcp-Xv''- F-Y-ap \_n-hN\am-Wv- Ghpw- {]m-am-WnIXbp- lZo-kv- {K\v-Yfm-b _p-Jm-cn-bn-epwap-kv-en-an-epwDcn-n-p-Xv.- C{Xbpw- {][m-\am- Nn-e {K\v-YfnemWv""Ahcp-sS ho-Sm-Wv- Ah-v- Daw''- Fv- Iq-Sn- \_n- (k) ]d Xm-bn- Dcn-n-p-Xv.- {]apJ lZo-kv- {K\v-YI-m-Cu- hmIyw- Dcn-n-n- FXv- CXn-sd hn-izmky-Xsb {]Xn Iq-eam-bn- _m-[n-p-p.- \_n- (k)-bp-sS Im-epw- AXn-\ptijhpw- Ahp-Ss ]Xv-\n-am- D-s]sSbp- klm-_n- h\nXI- ]n-bn-t]m-bn- \akvIcn-p-Ibpw- "CAvXn-Im-^v'- \nh- ln-p-Ibpw- sNbv-XXm-bn- sXfn-bn-p- At\Iw- lZo-kp-I{]ap-J lZokv- {K\v-Yfn-ep-v.- ]n-bn- \akv-I-cn-p-XvDaasv- \_n- (k)- Ahsc ]Tn-n-n-nsm-Wtm- AXn -\n-v- a\n-em-m-hp-Xv.- kv-{Xo-I- ]n-bn- \akv-I-cnp-Xv- ldm-am-sWn- AXv- XSbcp-sXv- \_n- (k)- hnem - bm-sXm-cp- km-[y-Xbpw- Ctm.- Ctm- Fm- temIcm-Pyfn- \n-p-ap- eWn- kv-{Xo-Ifm-Wv- abn-sebpwaZo-\bn-sebpw- AXn-t{ijv-Tam-b ]n-Ifn-se PamAp-Ifn]sSp-m-dpXv.""kv-{Xo-sb `cWta-]n- kaq-lw- hn-Pbn-p-Ibn-''- F \_n- hN\w- km-[m-cW KXn-bnkw-`hn-p- Hcp- bm-YmYywNq-n-m-Wn-p-p- Fm-sX kv{Xo-sb `cWm-[n-Imcn-bm-ldm- a m- s Wv - JWv - U n- X am- b n- sXfn- b n- p- n- .- an- kaqlfn-epw- ]p-cp-jm-m-bn-cn-pw- tem-IIm-cy-fnAhKm-lhpw- bp-w- \bn-m-\p- tijn-bpw- `cW ss\]pWyhpw- Iq-Sp-Xep-m-hp-I.- assn-epw- ]cn-KW\bm- Hcp- kv{Xo-
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v- `cWw- ]q-W-am-bn- G-]n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw- ]pcp-jmAXn- \n-Wm-bI ]sm-pw- hln-m-Xn-cnp-Ibpw- sNbv Xm- B `cWIq-Sw- hn-Pbn-m- km[y-X hfscIp-dhm-Wv.tem-INcn-{Xn- iIv-Xn-bpw- {]Xm-]hpw- B-Pv-Pn-v- ssP{Xbm {X \Sn-b `cWm-[n-Im-cn-Ifn- _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw- ]pcp-jmcm-bn-cp-p-shXv- Hcp- A\n-tj[y- kXy-am-Wtm."k_Av'- (tj_m)- F \m-Sv- `cn-n-cp- cm-PvRn-sb kw_\v[n-v- hn-ip- Jp-B\n- ]cm-a-in-n-p-v.- cm-Pv-Rn-bp-sSbpw\m-p-Im-cp-sSbpw- _lp-ssZhm-cm-[\sb Am-lp- Bt]n-np-sn-epw- kv-{Xo- `cWm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bXn-s\ hn-a-in-n-n-.]qh-n-I kaq-lfn-se ]e A[-afpw- FSp-p-]d Iq n- Cu- kv-{Xo- `cWw- Hcp- A[-aam-bn- hn-hcn-n- FXv{itbam- W v . - k_Cse cm- P v - R n- Xs- d sIm- m- c {]apJ scm- ]Iz-Xbp- hy-Iv-Xn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv- kq-dx-\w-en-se 34,- 35 hN\- kq-Nn-n-p-p-ap-v.kv-{Xo-Ifp-sS t\sc h-tXm-Xn- AXn-{Iafpw- \o-Xn-\ntjhpw- \Sp- km-lNcyw- am-n-sbSp-m- Ah-v- A[nImcn- ]v- \-Ip-Xv- ap-tJ\ km-[n-tpw- F {]XymibmWv- P\{]Xn-\n-[n- kÌfn-se kv{Xo- kw-hcWn-\v- thn-bp ap-dhn-fn-v- \n-Zm-\w.- kv{Xo- Hcp- \m-Sn-s-d sam-w- `cWm-[n-Im cn-bm-Ip-Xv- Xs \n-jn-am-sWv- ]dbm- JWv-Un-Xam-b sXfn-hn-s-d ]n-_ean-sn- Cu- aq-n-sem-v- kw-hcWhpwldm-am-sWv- hn-[n-m- \ym-bw- Im-Wp-n-.- ssIIm-cy-I Xr-Xz-n-\v- Iq-Sp-X- A-lXbp-Xv- ]p-cp-jm-m-sWnepwkv-{Xo-Isf A{Ian-\n-pw- A\o-Xn-bn-\n-pw- tam-Nn-n m-thn- Ah-v- A[n-Im-cn- ]v-\-Ip-Xn-s-d {]kIvXn- Cy-bn- \n-ehn-ep- km-lNcy-n- Xn-fbmhp-Xsm-Wv- Cu- teJI- Icp-Xp-Xv.- Ckv-em-an-Iam-b acym-ZI- ]m-en-p-sIm-v- h\n-XI- P\{]Xn-\n-[n-kÌfn]sSp-p-Xv- \n-jn-am-sWv- ]dbm- \ym-ban-.-
41
\mev- `m-cy-am- am-{X-ta- ]m-Sp-q-sh-- Jp-B-\nI- h-N-\w- A-hXcn-n--tm- \m-en- Iq-Sp-X-ep-- A-\p-N-c-m-cp-sS- C-jv-S-ap-- \mep `mcyam-sc- \-n-e-\n-n- _m-n-bp--h-sc- H-gn-hm-m- ap-l--Zv- I]np.- Fm- C-Xn-\v- hn-]-co-X-am-bn- X-s-d- a-c-Ww-h-sc- H--Xv- `mcyam sc sh-p-]p-e-p-- ap-lZn-s\-bm-Wv- \-ap-v- N-cn-{X-n- ImWm - - I-gn-bp-Xv.- X-\n-v- am{Xw- F-pw- sN-m-sa-pw- km[m-cWmXm- hn-[n-p-Xv- am-{X-sa- sN-m-hq- F-pw- ]-dbp-Xv- tkz-NvOm[n]-Xy-a-t?- A-\p-N-c- H-gn-hm-n-b- \ncm-ew-_-cm-b- kv-{Xo-I-v- BcvsN-e-hn-\v- sIm-Sp-pw?- kv-{Xo-I-v- {]-tXy-I- ]-Z-hn- \-Ip-p-sh-vA-h-Im-i-s-Sp-- C-kv-em-an- C-Xn-s\-v- ]-cn-lm-c-ap-v?-
!{]-hm-NI- ]-Xv\n-am- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS- B-Xvao-b- am-Xm-fmIp-p.- ""{]-hm-N-I- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-v- kz-tZ-l--tf-m-fpwA-Sp-- B-fm-Ip-p.- A-t-l-n-s-d- `m-cy-am- A-h-cp-sS amXm-fp-am-Ip-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 33:-6).- kz-w- am-Xm-hn-s\- t]m-se- B-Z-cn m- I-]n--s-- h-\n-X-sb- hn-izm-kn-I-fn- H-cm-pw- hnhm lw- I-gn-m-hp--X-.- A-Xn-\m- \-_n- (k)- \m-en- Iq-Sp-X-ep - ]-Xv\n-am-sc- hn-hm-ltam-N\w- sN-bvXn-cp-s-n- A-h- \nXyssh-[-hyw- A-\p-`-hn-t-n-h-cp-am-bn-cp-p.- F-m- a-p--hhn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- sN-p-- kv-{Xo-I-v- C--s\-sbmcp- {]-iv-\anm-bn-cp-p.- A-pw- C-pw- A-td-_y-bn-se- A-h-kv-Y- tNmZy-I m-hv- [-cn--Xp-t]m-se-b-.- \p-sS- \m-n-te-Xn-\n-v- hy-XykvX-am-bn- A-td-_y-bn- H-cn--epw hn[-h-I-v- ]p-\-hn-hm-lw{]-bm-k-I-c-am-bn-n-.- AXp-sIm-v- hn-hm-l-tam-N-n-X-scm-s- \ncm-ew-_-cm-Ip-- {]-iv-\-an-.- C-\n- h--h-cpw- \n--lm-bm-h-kv-Ybn-em-bm- A-h-v- th-sXmw- sN-m- {]-hm-NI- in-jym{]-Xn-Pv-Rm-_--cp-am-bn-cp-p.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
100
101
42
Ckv-e-m-an kv{XoI apssIbpw apJhpw HgnsI _mnsb mw ad-bv-W-a-tm. kv{XoI nc-ambn ]Z- [cn-p-tm kqcy{]-Imiw Gevm--Xp-aqew hnm-an-Un bpsS Ipd-hp-aq-e-ap Akp-J Dm-Ip-sav A^vKm-\n-m-\nse A\p-`hw kqNn-npp. imco-cn-I-amb D-a-\-s-qSn eyw hbvp Ckv-e-m-an\vC-Xn--t\m-sS-s\ tbmPn-m-\mIpw?
!kv{XoI apgp-h ka-bhpw ]Z- [cn--W-sav Ckv-e-mw

\n_-n-p-n-. A\y-]p-cp-j-m-cpsS apn {]Xy--sSptm am{Xta apJhpw ssI-S-fpw Hgn-sI-bp `mK- ad-bv-W-sav \n_--ap-q. c-_--ap--h-cpsS apn am\y-Xbvv CW-p hkv{Xw [cn-Wsatbpq. honepw - tImu-nepw A\y-cn-s-n ico-c-n kqcy-{]-Im-i-taevp Xc-n-ep hkv{Xw [cn-p--Xn\v bmsXmcp hntcm[hp-an-. hnm-an-Un bpsS Ipd-hp-aq-e-ap tcmK- hcm-Xncnm ico-c-amsI Xpd-nv shbn-ev Ccn--W-sa-n-. \ shn-te-j-\p hoSp-Ip-n e`n-p {]Imiw Xs AXn\v aXn-bm-Ipw. ico-c-n t\cnv IqSnb Af-hn kqcyXm]w Gp-Xv \nanw Na-tcm-K- Dm-Im-\p km[y-Xbpw CtXm-sSmw ]cn-K-Wn-t--Xm-Wv.
43
C-kv-emw- a-X-hn-izm-kn-v- ac-Wm-\--c- hm-Kv-Zm-\-am-bn- \-I-sSp-- H-m-W-tm- kz-K-n-se- "lq-dp- Cu--'- F-- kp--cn-I-fm-bkv-{Xo-I.- C-Xv- ]pcp-j-\v- th-n-bp--X-t?- kv{Xo-I-v- C--s\B-kz-Zn-p-hm-\p-- h-- ku-I-cy-hpw- kz-K-n- D-tm?- C-kv-em-anse- ]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xy-n-\pw- kv-{Xo-sb- D-]-t`m-K-h-kv-Xp-hm-bn- Im-Wp-Xn-\p-ap-- hy-Iv-X-am-b- sX-fn-h-t- C-Xv?- Cu- tem-I-p-sh-v- hn-ep-- ]-e-Xpw- (ssew-Kn-I-X,- B-Uw-_-cw- Xp-S-n-bh-)- ]-c-tem-I-v-
hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-p--sX-p-sIm-v?kv-{Xo- ]pcp-j t`-Z-a-s\y- F-m-h-pw- kz-K-n- I-a-ê- ]qW-am-bn- \-Is-Sp-sa-m-Wv- hnip-- Jp-B\n-\nv{K-ln-m- I-gn-bp-Xv.- ""A-tm- A-hcp-sS- cn-Xm-hv- A-hvD--cw- \-In-:- ]p-cp-j-\m-I-s,- kv-{Xo-bm-I-s- \n--fn-\n-v{]-h-n-p-- bm-sXm-cm-fp-sS-bpw- {]-h--\w- Rm- \n-jv-ê-am-p-I-bn-.- \n--fn- Hm-tcm- hn`m-K-hpw- a-p- hn-`m-K--n\nv- D-Xv`hn-hcm-Ip-p''- (hn.-Jp.- 3:-195).- kz-Kkv{Xo-Isf- kw_- - - \v[n-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B\n- ]-dp- F-Xp-sIm-v- k-Xy-hnizmkn-\n-I- kz-Kn- C-Wbpw- Xp-Wbp-an-m-sX- H-s-v- t]mIpsa-v- h-cp-n-.- kz-Khm-kn-Isf- kw-_\v[n-v- sam-am-bn- ]cm- a-in-p-- Jp-B- kq-Iv-X--fn- ]-d-n-p--Xv- A-h-v]-cn-ip--cm-b- C-W-I- D-m-bn-cn-p-sa-m-Wv.""hn-izkn-p-I-bpw- k-I--a-- {]-h-n-p-I-bpw- sNbvX-h-v- Xm-gv-`m-K-p-Iq-Sn- \-Zn-I-sfm-gp-Ip-- kz-K-tm-p-Ie-`n-m-\p-s-v- k-tm-jhm-- A-dn-bn-p-I.- A-Xn-se- Hmtcm]-g-hpw- `-n-m- \-I-s-Sp-tm- "C-Xn-\p-ap-v- R--v\-I-s--Xp-X-s-bm-W-tm- C-Xpw'- F-m-bn-cn-pw- A-h- ]dbp-I- (hm-kv-X-hn-)- ]-c-kv-]-cw- km-Zr-iy-ap-- \n-e-bn- AXh-v- \-I-s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.- ]-cn-ip--cm-b- C-W-I-fpwAh--hn-sS- D-m-bn-cn-pw.- A-h- A-hn-sS- \-n-Xy-hm-kn-I-fmbncn-p-I-bpw- sN-pw''- (hn.-Jp.- 2:-25).""hn-iz-kn-p-I-bpw- k-{]-hr-n-I-fn- G-s-SpI-bpw- sNbvX-h-cm-I-s,- Xm-gv-`m-K-p-Iq-Sn- A-cp-hn-I-sfm-gp-Ip-- kz-K-tmp-I-fn- \mw- A-h-sc- {]-th-in-n-p--Xm-Wv.- A-h-c-Xn- \nXyhm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-pw.- Ah-v- A-hn-sS- ]-cn-ip--cm-b- CW-I-fp m-bn-cn-pw.- kv-Yn-c-hpw- C-S-Xq--Xp-am-b- X-W-en- \mw- A-h sc- {]-th-in-n-p-I-bpw- sN-pw'' (hn.-Jp.- 4:-57).- C-W-I- F-vA-Y-ap-- "A-kv-hm-Pv'- F-- ]-Zw- kv-{Xo-I-sf-bpw- ]p-cp-j-mscbpw- D-sm-p--Xm-Wv.- kv-{Xo-I-v- kz-K-n- C-W-I-fpm-hp-Ibn-s-n,- k-z-Khm-kn-Isf- kw-_\v[n-v- sam-n- hnh-cn-p-- C-u- kq-Iv-X--fn- A-Xv- {]-tXy-Iw- ]-d-tb--Xmbncp-p.- A--s\-]-d-bm-- kv-Yn-Xn-v- F-m-h-pw- ]-cn-ip--cmb-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
102
103
C-W-I- D-m-bn-cn-p-sa-v- X-s-bm-Wv- a-\-n-em-t--Xv.C-kv-em-an- ]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xy-tam- kv-{Xo-sb- D-]t`m-K-h-kv-Xphm-bn-K-Wn--tem- C-.- kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS- \-Kv-\-X- ]-e-A-f-hn- hnvIm-im-p-- B-[p-\n-I- \m-K-cn-I-X-bm-Wv- kv-{Xo-sb- D-]-t`mK- hkv-Xp-hm-p--Xv.- C-tm- kv-{Xo- ku--cyw- ]-c-am-h-[n- Nq-jWwsN--p--Xv- am-[y-a-I-em-I-m-bn-I- cw-K--fn-se- ]p-cp-j-m-cm-Wv.kv-{Xo-I- ]p-cp-j-ku--cy-s- Cu- hn-[-n- Nq-j-Ww- sNpn-.- C-Xp-X-s-b-t- ]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xyw?\-iz-chpw- A-\iz-chp-am-b- tem-Ifp-sS- L-S\- Xn-Ipw- hyXy- - kv-X-am-bn-cn-pw.- Po-W-X-bpw- -b-hpw- \m-i-hpw- \n-c-cam-bnkw-`-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-- H-cp- tem-I-v- B-h-iy-am-b- kw-b-a\ n-\pw- \n-b-{-W-n-\pw- A-\-iz-c-X-bp-sS- tem-I-v- bm-sXmcpB-hiy-hpw- D-m-bn-cnp-Ibn-.- A-\iz-cam-b- H-cp- tem-Ins-- L-S-\- F--s\-bm-bn-cn-p-sa-v- hn-`m-h-\- sN-m- I-gn-bm-Xp-sIm-m-Wv- A-hn-Ss- kp-Jku-`m-Ky-sf- kw-_\[n-- Jp - vB-\n-se- ]-cm-a-i-- b-Ym-hn-[n- a-\-n-em-m- I-gn-bmXv.-
44
Ckv-emw- Fp-sIm-v- Iebvv- {]m-[m-\yw- sIm-Sp-n-?- Jp B im-kv-{Xo-bam-Wv- F hm-Zn-t\m-Sv- CXv- tbm-Pn-ptam?-
!_p-n-bp-sSbpw- `m-h\bp-sSbpw- Ign-hp-Ifp-sSbpw- ka-Y-hpwkpchp-am-b hn-\n-tbm-Kam-Wv- Ie.- Ckv-emw- Iebp-sS t\sc \n- t j[m- X v - a Iam- b \n- e ]m- s Sm- pw- kzo- I cn- n- n- .- _lp ssZhXzw,- A[m-a-n-IX,- Ao-ew,- ey-hn-kv-ar-Xn- Xp-Sn- Ckv emw- shdp-p- Im-cy-fp-am-bn- Iebpw- Iem-Im-c\pw- kn-em-Ip-tm-gm-Wv- A\p-Iq-eam- \n-e]m-Sv- kzo-Icntn-hcp-Xv.- Ckv-em-an-\v- kXy-tmSpw- \tbm-Spw- kZmNmctm-Spap {]Xn-_X Iebp-sS t]cn- Ism-gn-m]n.- sIn-Stfm- hm-l\tfm- kp-cam-bn- Un-ssk- sNpXn-s\tbm,- {]Ir-Xn-Zr-iy-- at\m-lcam-bn- Bhn-jv-Icn-p-
Xn-s\tbm,- Im-en-{Km-^n-bn- hiy-am-b sshhn-[y-- hcppXn-s\tbm- Ckv-emw- FXn-n-n-.Jp-B- hn-izm-kn-\pw- [-an-\pw- Du-- \-Ip-, a\p-jy\v- tam-n-s-dbpw- tam-N\n-sdbpw- hgn- Im-WnpsIm-Sp-p- {K\vYam-Wv.- im-k{Xhpw- Iebpw- ]Tn-n-m-thnvssZhn-I {K\v-Y- AhXcn-n-n-.- AXn-s-d Bhiy-hp-an-.a\p-jy-\v- ssZhw- \-In-b klPam-b Ign-hp-I-sIm-v- Xs im-kv-{X ]p-tcm-KXn-bpw- Iem-tabpw- ssIhcn-m-hp-Xm-Wv.Fm- im-iz-Xtam-n-s-d Imcyw- As\b.- ssZhnI am-KZ-i\w- ap-tJ\ am-{Xsa AXv- t\Sn-sbSp-m- Ign-bq.IesIm-tm- imkv-{XwsIm-tm- am-{Xw- AXv- t\Sm- Ign-bn.hn-ip- Jp-B- Iesbtbm- imkv-{Xstbm- FXn-nn-.- atXv- hn-jbn-ep-sat]m-se Ch cn-epw- ssZhhnizmkn-\pw- [-a\n-jv-Tbv-pw- A\p-cq-]am-b \ne]m-Sv- kzoIcnWsav- Jp-B\n-I A[ym-]\- Xm-]cy-sSp-pFv- am-{Xw.- Jp-B- im-kv-{Xo-bam-sWv- ]dbp-h- AXpsIm-v- Dtin-p-Xv- ssZhn-I Zrjv-Sm-- F \n-ebnJp-B\n- Nq-n-m-Wn- Im-cy-sfmpw- sXfn-bn-s im-kv{X \n-batfm-Sv- hn-tbm-Pn-p-n- Fm-bn-cn-pw.- ]Xn\m-ev- \q-m-v- ap-v- AhXcn-n-s {K\v-Yn,-{]] sbpw- Po-h kky-Pm-esfbpw- a\p-jy-ksbbpw- kw_ \v-[n-v- ]d Im-cy-- B[p-\n-I hn-Pv-Rm-\hp-am-bn- s]m-cpsSp-p- FXv- {itbam-Wv.- {]m-No-\ Atd_y-bn-se Hcpa\p-jy- As Adn-hv- {]Im-cw- cNn- Hcp- {K\v-Yam-bn-cpsn- Ccw- hn-jbsf kw-_\v-[n- {]Xn-]m-Zy-fp-sS ]ehifpw- Im-elcWsp-t]m-bn-p-m-Ipw.- Jp-B\n-Imib- Cu- hn-[w- Im-elcW sn-n- FXv- AXv- k-h-PvR\m-b ssZhw- AhXcn-n-Xm-Wv- FXn-\v- aXn-bmb sXfnhmIp-p.- Po-hn-Xn- Iebvv- AXy-w- {]m-[m-\yw- \-IWwFXv- Hcp- im-kv-{X \n-baa.- Jp-B- As\ \n-tZ-in-n n- FXv- Hcp- \yq-\Xbm-sWv- Icp-Xm- \ym-bhp-an-.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
104
105
45
Jp-B-\n- th-Z-m- Fv- ]-d-n-cn-p--Xv- {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-sfbpw- Pq-X-m-sc-bpw- kw_-\v-[n-m-W-tm?- C-h-cp-am-bp-- hn-hm-l-_\v-[w- Jp-B- A\p-h-Zn-p-p- (5:-5).- A-m-lp-hn- hn-iz-kn-m-B-fp-I-fm-bn-cp-n-pw- F-p-sIm-m-Wv- Jp-B- C-h-cp-am-bn- am-{Xwhn-hm-l-_-\v-[w- A-\p-h-Zn-p--Xv?-
!Pq-X-tcm- {I-n-kv-Xym-\-n-I-tfm- Bb- Nm-cn-{Xy-ip-n-bp-- kv-{XoI-sf- hnhm-lw- Ign-m- hn-ip-- Jp-B- apkv-enw-I-sf- A-\p h-Zn-p-p.- F-m- ap-kv-enw- kv-{Xo-I-sf- Pq-X-tm- {Inkv-Xym\n-I-tm- hn-hmlw- I-gn-p-sIm-Sp-m- ]m-Sn-.- `m-cy- Pq-X-/ ss{I-kvXh- kv{Xo-bm-bm-epw- Ip-Spw-_\m-Y\m-b- ap-kvenan-\v- IpSpw- _-n- C-kv-em-an-I- A--co-w- \n-e-\n-m-\pw- k--Xn-IsfC-kvem-an-I- co-Xn-bn- h-f-m-\pw- km-[n-t-pw.- F-m- Aapkven-am-b- Ip-Spw-_\m-Ys-d- Iogn- ap-kenw- kv{Xo-v- C-sXmpwvkm-[n-m-Xn-cn-m-\m-Wv- Iq-Sp-X- km-[y-X.- ap-kven-am-b- `-mhvaq-km- \-_n- (A)-sb-bpw- Cu-km-\-_n- (A)-sb-bpw- B-Z-cn-p-hy-Iv-Xn-bm-b-Xn-\m- th-Z-m-cn-bm-b`m-cy-v- B-Z-i-]-c-am-bkwL-jw- A-\p-`-h-s-Sm- km-[y-X-bn-.- F-m- ap-l-Zv\-_n-(k)-sb- hym-P-hm-Zn-bm-bn- K-Wn-p-- `-m-hn-s-d- Io-gnap-kv-en-am-b- `m-cy- F-tm-gpw- a-\x-{]-bm-kw- A-\p-`-hn-t-n-htmw.b-lq-Z-cpw- ss{I-kv-X-h-cpw- A-m-lp-hn- hn-iz-kn-t--Xpt]m-se- hn-iz-kn-p-n-- F--Xv- i-cn-bm-Wv.- ]t,- A-h- GIssZ-h- hn-izm-kn-I-fm-sW-v- kz-bw- I-cp-Xp--h-cm-Wv.- b-lq-ZG-IssZ-ham-b- b-tlm-hbn-em-Wv- hn-iz-kn-p-Xv.- F-m- Ahcn- H-cp- hn-`m-Kw- D-ssk- (F-{km- {]-hm-N-I)- ssZ-h- ]p-{X-\msW-v- hn-iz-kn-p-p.- an--b-lq-Z-cpw- ap-Jy- ]p-tcm-ln-X-mv- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- B-[n-Im-cn-I-X-bpw- A-{]-am-Zn-Xz-hpw- I-]n-p-hcm-Wv.- C-sXm-s-bm-Wv- A-hcp-sS- B-Z-i]cam-b- hy-Xn-bm\- - .- {In-kXym-\n-Ifpw- ]-dbp-Xv- X-- G-IssZ-ham-b- btlmvh-bn- h-n-iz-kn-p-p-sh-m-Wv.- F-m- A-tXm-sSm-w-X-s-
ssZ-h-n-\v- ]n-Xm-hv,- ]p-{X,- ]-cn-ip-m-Xv-am-hv- F-n--s\- aqv"B-f-Xz'--fp-s-v- A-h- kn-m-n-p-I-bpw,- tb-ip-{In-kv-XpssZ-h- ]p-{X-\m-sW-v- hm-Zn-p-I-bpw- ]p-tcm-ln-X-m-v- ]-cnipm-Xv-am-hn-s-d- ]n-_-e-ap-s-v- ]-d-v- A-{]-am-Zn-Xzw- I]np-Ibpw- sN-p-p.- C-sXm-s-bm-Wv- A-hcp-sS- hn-izm-k- sshIrX-.- G-Xm-bm-epw- Cu- c-v- hn-`m-K-m-sc-bpw- "ap-iv-cn-p-'(_lp-ssZ-h-hm-Zn-)-Ifp-sS- Iq--n- D-s-Sp-m-sX- "A-lv-ep-In-Xm-_v'- A-Yhm- th-Zm- F-m-Wv- hn-ip-- Jp-B\n- hntijn-n-n-p--Xv.- "ap-iv-cn-m-'-b- kv-{Xo-sb- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-p--Xv\-n-jn--am-n-sb-n-epw- th-Z-m-cn-s]-- kv-{Xo-sb- hn-hm-l-w-Ign-m-A-\p-h-Zn--Xv- Cu- {]-tXy-I- ]-cn-K-W-\ -{]-Im-cw- X-sbmIpp.
46
a\pjys\ hgnsXnpXv C_v e okmsWn PnpIsf hgnsXnpXv BcmWv? C_veokv i]nsSpXn\papv PnpIfns] Hcp \ hyIv X nbmbncpsv ]dbsSpp. PnpIfn hnizmknIfpw AhnizmknIfpw Dsv JpB ]dbpp. Fn Av (C_veokv i]nsSpw apv) `qanbnepm bncp PnpIsf hgn]ngnXmcmbncpp?
!Ccw
hnjb _pn]camb At\zjWnsd ]cn[nbn hcpX. AXn\m hnip JpB\ntem {]mam WnIamb lZokpIfntem sXfnhp Imcy ]dbpIbpw aphsb kw_\v[nv au\w Ahew_npIbpw sNp IbmWv IcWobw. Nne Ncn{X{K\vYfnepw sFXnly fnepw CXn\pdap ]eXpw ImWpsanepw AsXmpw hnizm ktbmKya. a\pjycnepw PnpIfnepw ssiXzmam AYhm [nmcnIfmb Zpt_m[I DsmWv hnip JpB hyIvXamnbnpXv. ""A{]Imcw Hmtcm {]hmNI\pw a\pjycnepw PnpIfnepw
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
106
107
s] ]nimNpsf \mw i{Xpfmnbnpv. I_fnnp `wKnhmpI Ah At\ym\yw Zpt_m[\w sNpp. \nsd cnXmhv Dtinn cppshn AhcXv sNpambncp n. AXpsImv Ah sInap Imcyfpambn Ahsc \o hntpI'' (hn.Jp. 6:112).- a\pjycp Imetmfw a\pjynimNpfpmI-psa-Xpt]mse PnpIfp Ime smsbpw Pnp]nimNpfpw DmbnpmImw. kqva PvRm\w Amlphn\vam{XamIpp.
48
acWs hy-Iv-Xn-v- 216 ew- Ddp-n-Ibp-sS kz-p-v.- Atl n-\v- aqv- ]p-{Xn-am-cpw- am-Xm-]n-Xm-fpw- `m-cy-bpw- Po-hn-n-cn-p-v.A\cm-hIm-iam-bn- aq-v- ]p-{Xn-am-pw-Iq-Sn- 128 ehpw- am-Xm]n-Xm--v- 64 ehpw- `mcy-v- 24 ehpam-Wv- e`n-p-I.- H-cp- Ckv-em-an-I- {K--n- kq-Nn-n--X-\p-k-cn-- I-W-m-Wn-Xv.- CXvJpB- kq-Iv-Xw- (411,- 412)- A\p-im-knp-Xn-s\m- ]p-{Xnam-v- 16 ehpw- am-Xm-]n-Xm--v- Fv- ehpw- `m-cy-v- aq-vehpw- Ip-dhm-Wv.- CXv- sshcp-y-at?-
47
`Wn-tev- Du-Xcp-sXv- Ckvemw- \n-jvI-jn-p-p.- AWp- `Wn- Iecpw- FXm-Wtm- Im-cWw.- Fm- Du-Xnbn-sn-epw- B AWp-- \p-sS ico-cn\p-n--Xs DmIp-asm.- ]n-s Du-Xcp-sXv- ]dXn- F-Y-am-Wp-Xv?`Wn- Du-Xcp-Xv- F,- Ip-Sn-\o-cn- Du-Xcp-Xv- Fv\_n- (k)- hn-en-bXm-bn-m-Wv- lZo-kp-Ifn-ep-Xv.- tcm-Km-Wp sf kw-_\v-[n-v- Cu- lZo-kp-Ifn- bm-sXm-cp- ]cm-a-ihp-an-.\_n- (k)-bp-sS hn-en-\v- Im-cWw- tcm-Km-Wp-- ]m-\o-bnIecpw- FXm-sWv- GsXn-epw- ]Wv-Un-X- A`n-{]m-bsnp-sn- AXn-\v- Ckv-em-an- {]m-am-Wn-IXsbm-p-an-.- Hcp\n-Ka\w- F kv-Ym-\wam-{Xsa AXn-\p-q.- \_n- (k)- Hcp- Imcyw- hn-en-bm- AXn-s-d Im-cWw- hy-IvXam-bn-sn-epw- A\pkcn-p-Ibm-Wv- kXy-hn-izm-kn-I- sNtXv.- DNv-Ozm-khmbp-hntcm-Km-Wp-- Dm-bm-epw- Csn-epw- AXv- Aip-hmbp-hm-sW Im-cy-n- kw-iban-.- cIv-Xn-se am-en-\y-fpsS Hcw-ihpw- ico-cn-\v- D-sm-m- ]m- Im_ ssU Hm-Iv-sskUpw- DNv-Ozm-khm-bp-hn- ASn-bn-p-mIpw.ico-cn- tcm-Km-Wp-- Dm-Ip-san-epw- Hcn-- ico-cw]p- d w- X n- b Xn- s \ ho- pw- AItv - sNep- p- Xv \ymbatm.-
!Hcm- acn-p-tm- B-afpw- s]-afpw- Hpw- CmXncn-p-Itbm- Htm- ctm- t]- am-{Xap-m-hp-Itbm- At\Iwt]- Dm-hp-Itbm- sNmw.- hy-Xy-kX k-`fn- AhIminvI-v- e`n-p- Aw-ifn- hy-Xym-kap-m-hp-I kzm-`m-hn Iam-Wv.- CXv- hn-ip-Jp-B\n- ]cn-KWn- Im-cy-am-Ip-p.Hcm-v- Hcp aI- am-{Xam-sWn- Ah-v- Abm-fp-sS kzns-d ]Ip-Xn-bm-Wv- e`n-p-I.- cv- s]-afmWp-sXnAh-v- aq-n-sem-v- ho-Xta e`n-q.- aq-v- s]-afmsW n- Ah-v- 2/9 ho-Xta e`n-q.- \m-ev- s]-afp-snAh-v- 1/6 ho-Xta In-q.- Cs\ AhIm-in-Ifp-sS FwIqSp-wtXm-dpw- Hm-tcm-cp--pw- e`n-p- Aw-iw- Ip-dp-sImn-cn-p-I kzm-`m-hn-Iam-Wv.B-a-v Jp-B\n- \n-iNnX Aw-iw- {]Jym-]n-n-tbn v.- B-afpw- s]-afpw- Iq-Sn- AhIm-in-Ifm-bn-hcp ]w- BWn-\v- s]- Hm-lcn-bp-sS Ccn- F A\p-]m-Xw- am {Xam-Wv- Jp-B\n- Adn-bn-n-p-Xv.- av- k-`fn- \n-iv Nn-X hn-ln-Xn-\v- A-lcm-b av- A\cm-hIm-in-I-v- \tI Aw-i- Ign-p-Xv- am-{Xam-Wv- Bafp-sS hn-ln Xw.- Hcm- acn-p-tm- Hcp- aI- am-{Xam-Wv- AhIm-in-sbnAbm-fp-sS kz-v- ap-gp-h- Ah\mWv- e`n-p-I.- Fm- Hcpkv-{Xo- acn-p-tm- `-m-hpw- am-Xm-]n-Xm-fpw- Av- Bafpw- Dsn- `-m-hn-\v- 3/12,- am-Xm-]n-Xm-v- 2/12
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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hoXw- B-a-v- 1/12 ho-Xw- F {Ian-em-bn-cn-pw- e`np-I.- Chn-sS Hm-tcm- aI\pw- Xm-cXtay-\ Ip-d hn-ln-Xw sImv- Xr-]v-Xn-stSn-hcp-p.CXp-t]m-se AhIm-in-I- Iq-Sp-tm- Hm-tcm-cp--pwe`np- Aw-iw- A-]w- Ip-dp-t]m-Ip- Hcp- {]iv-\am-WvtNm-Zy-I-m-hv- Nq-n-m-Wn-Xv.- Ccw- km-lNcy-fnJp-B\n-se hn-`P\w- sXm-sWv- ]dbp-Xn-\v- bm-sXm-cp- ASnkv-Ym-\hp-an-.- Jp-B- kq-Iv-Xfp-sS Xm-]cyw- Fm- kml Ncy-fn-epw- Fm- AhIm-in-I-pw- Htc Aw-iw- e`n-p-I FX; B\p-]m-Xn-Iam-bn- Ghpw- \ym-bam-bAw-iw- e`y-ampIbm-Wv.- tNm-Zy-I-m-hv- Dbn- {]iv-\n- \_n-(k) bpwap-kv-enw-t\Xm-fpw- ]Wv-Un-Xm-cp-samw- kzo-Icn- \ne]mSvFm-AhIm-in-I-pwhn-ip-Jp-B- \n-ivNbn- Aw-iXs B\p-]m-XnIam-bn- B-pw- Iq-Sp-X- \jv-Sw-hcm- hn[ n- \-Ip-I FXm-Wv.- {]kv-Xp-X {]iv-\n-se hn-ln X- Hcp- km-am-\y- Kp-Wn-Xn-s-d Aw-ifm-bn- FSp-mcv- ]p-{Xn-am-v- 16/24 am-Xm-]n-Xm--v- 4/24 hoXw- `m-cy-v3/24 Fn-s\bm-bn-cn-pw-hcn-I.- s]-afp-sSbpw- Bafp-sSbpw- kw-Jy- h-n-p-tm- Ahcp-sS hn-lnXnB\p-]m-Xn-Iam-bn- Ip-dhv- hcp-I,- afp-tm-gpw- Cmtmgpwam-Xm-]n-Xm-fp-sSbpw- `m-cy-`-m-m-cp-sSbpw- hn-lnXnhy-Xym-kw- hcp-I Fn-s\ Jp-B\n-\n-v- Xs {Klnmhp- XXz-n-s-d ASn-kv-Ym-\n- Chn-sS Dbn-s {]iv\n-,- 16+4+4+3 F icn-bm-b Aw-i- Xs AhImin-I-v- e`y-am-p-Xn-\m-bn- kzn-s\ 24 `m-Kam-p-Xn-\v]Icam-bn- 27 `m-Kam-p-Ibm-Wv- sNp-Xv.- Fm- AhIm-inIpw- Jp-B- \n-iv-Nbn- Aw-if\p-kcn-v- Xs kz-v\-Ip-Ibpw- sNdn-b Ip-dhv- Fm-htcm-Spw- \o-Xn- ]p-en-smv- AUv-Pkv-v- sNp-Ibp-am-Wv- Cu- hn`P\n-eq-sS.- JpB\n-iNbn- Aw-i- am-m-sXbpw- A\cm-hIm-i \nbanvJp-B- kq-Nn-n- XXz-v- A\ptbm-Py-am-bn-sm-p-ap Cu- hn-`P\n- bm-sXmcp- sshcp-y-hp-an.-
C-kv-eman-I{]-t_m-[-\w-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
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C-kv-eman-I- {]-t_m-[-\w-
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hnip JpB\n t]cv ]cmainp {]hmNImscmw {]t_m[\w sNbvX kvYe Atd_ybpw Ab {]tZifp amsWp ImWmw. FpsImv AhnSfn am{Xw {]hmNIm hp? bqtdm]y cmPyfntepw B{^n cmPyfntepw {]hmNIm hnptm? Dsn Hcp DZmlcWsanepw JpB\n Fp sImp ImWpn?
!aplZv \_n(k)bpsS {]Ya A`nkwt_m[nXcmb kaql

ssZhnIaXn\nv F{Xtmfw hyXnNenp t]mbnp sv Ahsc sXcysSpm D]bpIvXambnpXv Ah v ]cnNnXamb \mSpIfn \ntbmKns {]hmNImcpsS {]t_m[\ Ncn{Xw Ahsc t_m[ysSppIbmWv. Cmc Wmembncnmw Atd_ybnepw ]cnkcfnepw \nbpIvX cmb {]hmNImcpsS Ncn{Xw {]tXyIambn JpB\n {]Xn ]mZnsXv. Fm, Fm P\]Yfnepw ssZhZqXm \ntbmKn snpspw Ahcn ]esc kw_\v[npw \_n(k)v hnhcnpsImSpnnspw hnip JpB\n hyIvXam nbnpv. ""\n\v \mw apv hnhcnp Xnp ZqXmscbpw, \n\v \mw hnhcnp Xnnm ZqXmscbpw (\mw \ntbm KnpIbpmbn) (hn.Jp. 4:164).- ""Hmtcm kaqln\pw Hmtcm ZqX\pv '' (hn.Jp. 10:47). ""Hcp XmoXpImc Ignp t]mIm Hcp kapZmbhpan'' (hn.Jp. 35:24). bqtdmnsebpw
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B{^n cmPyfnsebpw apw aXkaqlfn GIssZh XzNn AhyIvXamsbnepw \ne\npXnsd ImcWw AhnSfnsems \nbpIvXcmb ssZhZqXmcpsS {]t_m[\ ambncnm\mWv km[yX.
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G-I-ssZ-h- hn-izm-k-a-m-Wv- b-Ym-Y-n- F-m- a-X-{K-\v-Y--fpwA-\p-im-kn-p--Xv.- Jp-B-s\m-gn-sI-bp- {K-\v-Y--fn- a\p-jyssI-I-S--ep-I- kw-`-hn-n-pv.- F-m- G-I-ssZ-h- hnizmkw- ]pe -p-- F-{X-tbm- hn-izm-kn-I- `m-c-X-n-ep-v.- Ah-sc- Jp-B]d-- am-KZ-i\-Iq-Sn- \-In- A-hcp-tS-Xm-b- kw-kvImcn- - -- hn-izm-kn-I-fmbn- Po-hn-m- A-\p-h-Zn-p-Iq-sS?-- Atd-_y- kwkv-I-mcw- A-h-cp-sS-ta- sI-n-sh-p--Xv- Fn-\m-Wv?- A-Xm-bXv,- A-d_nhm-N-I-- A-h-sc- ]-Tn-n-p-Xv- F-n-\m-Wv?- A-m-lp-hns-d- hN\-- a-ebm-fn- D-cp-hn-m-t]m-sc?- C-kvem-an-te-v- IS-p-hcph- A-d-_n-`m-j- ]-Tn-- Jp-B- \n-_-\v-[-am-p-ptm?-
! ""]-d-bp-I-:- a-\p-jy-tc,- Xo--bm-bpw- Rm- \n--fn-te-s-map- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- Zq-X-\m-Ip-p.- B-Im-i--fp-sS-bpw- `q-an-bpsSbpw- B-[n-]-Xyw- G-sXm-cp-h-m-tWm- A-h-s-d- ZqX.- A-h-\msX- bm-sXm-cp- ssZ-h-hp-an-.- A-h- Po-hn-n-p-I-bpw- acn-n-pIbpw- sN-p-p.- A-Xn-\m- \n- A-m-lp-hn-epw- A-h-s-d- ZqX \n-epw- hniz-kn-p-hn,- A-sX,- A-m-lp-hn-epw- A-h-s-d- h-N-\ -fn-epwhn-iz-kn-p-- \n-c--c-\m-b- B- {]-hm-N-I-\n.- A-t l-s- \n- ]n-]p-hn.- \n--v- t\-am-Kw- {]m]n-mw'' (hn-.-Jp.- 7:-158).ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)-v- ti-jw- tem-I-s-hn-sS-bpw- I-Wn-iamb- G-I-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bn-te-v- P-\-sf- -Wn-p-- H-cp- kXy{]-hm-NI- h-n-n-.- A-Xn-\m- am-\hcm-in-bp-sS- ap-m-sI- GI- ssZ-h-Xz-n-s-d- Cu- B-lzm-\-ta- {]m-am-Wn-I-am-bn- \n-e-\npp-q.- ]-e- a-Xfpw- G-IssZh- hn-izm-kw- ]-Tn-n-n-p-s-nepw- -
Ckvem-am-- a-Xfn-sem-s- GsX-n-epw- X-cn-ep-- krjv- Sn-]q-P- I-S-p-Iq-Sn-bn-p-v.- A-ssZ-z-X-hm-Zn-I- G-I-ssZ-h-Xzw DZvtLm-jn-m-dp-s-n-epw- F-n-s\-bpw- ssZ-h-am-p-- B-ib]m-c--n-tem-Wv- A-h-cp-sS- Z-i-\w- \-bn-pXv.C-kv-emw- B-cp-sS-bpw- ta- A-td-_y- kw-kv-Im-cw- A-Sn-t n-p-n-.- {]m-Y-\-bpw- Zm-\-hpw- {h-X-hpw- Xo-Y-m-S-\-hpw- Fm\m-Sp-I-fn-epw- \n-bp-Iv-X-cm-b- {]-hm-N-I-m- ]-Tn-n-n-p--Xm-Wv.H-cp- A-d-_n-v- A-\-d-_n-tb-m- bm-sXm-cp- t{i-jv-T-X-bpw- Csm-Wv- ap-l--Zv- \-_n- (k)- {]-Jym-]n--Xv.- A-m-lp- A-h-km-\ am-bn- A-h-X-cn-n-- th-Z-{K-\v-Yw- A-d-_n-`m-j-bn-em-b-Xp-sIm-vA-p-t\-c-s- {]m-Y-\-bn- A-Xn-\n-p-- h-N-\-- sNm -W-sa-v- ]-d-bp--Xv- Hcp- \m-Sn-s-d- kw-kv-Im-cw- A-Sn-t-nem-bn- Nn-{Xo-Icn-p-Xv- i-cn-b.- hn-ip-- Jp-B- A-\n-XcambH-cp- {K-\v-Y-am-Wv.- A-Xn-se- ]-Z--pw- B-i-b--p-sa-mwA-am-\p-jn-I-X-bp-v.- A-Xn-s-d- ]-cn-`m-j- Hcn--epw- A-Xn-\p-]Icw- \n-m- A-l-am-hp-I-bn-.- F-m- Jp-B- hm-Iy-X-\-Xm-b- cq-]-n- ]m-cm-b-Ww- sN-m- I-gn-bm--h-\v- A-dnbmhp-- hn-[-n- {]m-Y-n-m-hp--Xm-Wv-.- A-d-_n-`m-j- hn-izmknI-sf-mw- ]-Tnn-cn-- \n-_-\v-[-am-sWv- A-m-lp-thm- d-kq tem- (k)- ]-d-n-n-.- F-m- Jp-B- ]-Tn-n-m dkq (k)- {]-t_m-[Isc- \n-tbm-Kn-Xn-\n-v- Jp-B- ]-T\nsd- - {]m-[m-\yw- {K-ln-m-hp-Xm-Wv.- \-akImcn- \n-_\[ ambn- v- - - - - - v]m-cm-bW-w- sN-t-- ^m-Xnlx- F-m- hn-izm-kn-I-fpw- ]Tn-tXo-cq-sh-- -v A-t\-Iw- ]-Wv-Un-X-m- A-`n-{]m-b-s-np-v.-
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C-d-s\-v- t]m-ep-- hn-hckm-t-Xn-IhnZyI- C-kvem-an-I- {]t_m- [-\-n-\v- D-]tbm-K-s-Spmw- F--Xn\p-t]m-_-e-I-am-bn- h-- {]amW-hpw- e-`y-am-tWm?-
!""bp-Iv-Xn-Zo--tbm-SpIq-Sn-bp-w- k-Zp-]-tZ-iw- ap-tJ-\-bpw- \n-s-d-
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c-n-Xm-hn-s-d- am-K-n-te-v- \o- -Wn-p-sIm-p-I.- G--hpw\-- co-Xn-bn- A-h-cp-am-bnkw-hmZw- \-S-p-I-bpw- sN-p-I''- (hn.Jp.- 16:-125)- CXm-Wv- {]-t_m-[-\w- kw-_-\v-[n-- Jp-B-\n-I- \ntZ-iw.- Hm-tcm- Im-e-L--n-epw- P-\--v- k-Xy-k-t-i-sa-nm- G-hpw- ^-e{]-Zam-b- am-w-- A-hew-_n-pI- F-Xv- bpIv- Xn-Zo--bp-sS- Xm-]-cy-am-Ip-p.- kw-hm-Z-n-s-d- ssi-en-bpwam-Khpw- sX-c-s-Sp-p-tm-gpw- G--hp-w- ^-e-{]-Z-am-b-Xn-\v-Xs-bm-Wv- ap-KW\- \-tI-Xv.- ]q-h- {]-hm-NIm- GsXm- - - s- co-Xn-bn- {]t_m-[-\w- \-S-n-sb-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B\n]-e- A[-ym-bfn-epwhn-hcn-n-p-v.- P-\fp-sS- {i-Xn-cn-m- - ]-cym-]vXam-Ip-sa-v- tXm-n-b- ]-e- am-Kfpw- A-h- A-hew_n- - n-p-v.- kq-cy-N-{- \--{Xm-Zn-I-sf-- Bcm-[n-p--h-v- sX-vt_m-y-s-Sp-n-sm-Sp-m- th-n- C{_m-low- \-_n- (A)HcpXcw A`n\bcoXn D-]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-bn-p-v.- C-kv-emw- ]Tnn-m- ]-e- co-Xn-I-fpw- ]-e-X-c-w- kv-Ym-]-\--fpw- temI-n-sdhn-Im-k-K-Xn-smv- ap-kv-enw- kaq-lw- kzo-I-cn-p-t]m-n-p-v.C-Xp-X-s-bm-Wv- {]t_m-[-\- kw-cw-`--fp-sS-bpw- kv-Yn-Xn.- C-kv emw- A-\p-im-kn- H-cp-Im-cyw- \-S-m-m-\p-- D-]m-[n-I- sX-cs-Sp-p-tm- \n-jn-am-bn- hn-[n-s-h- h-PvPn-Wsav- am-{X-ta-bp-q.-
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A-y-Zn-\-n- {]-]--n-s-d- A-h-kv-Y- hnh-cn-p-n-S-v- B Im-i--fpw- `q-an-bpw- \-in-p-sa-v- Jp-B- ]-e-kv-Y-e--fn-em-bn- hnhcn-n-p--tm.- Fm- ]-c-tem-I-v- \n-`m-Ky-h-m-m-cp-sS-bpw- ku`mKy-hm-m-cp-sS-bpw- A-h-kv-Y- hn-h-cn-p-n-S-v- (11:-107,- 108)- BIm-i`q-an-I- \n-e-\n-p-n-S-tm-fw- A-h-c-Xn- \n-Xy-hm-kn-I-fm-bncnp-sa-v- ]d-bp-p.- C-Xv- hy-Iv-X-am-b- ssh-cp-y-a-t?-
!hn-ip-- Jp-B-\n- \nv- {K-ln-m-hp--Xv- A-m-lp- Hcnkr-jv-Sn-p-I-bpw- ]n-o-Sv- F--t-p-ambn- \-in-n-p-I-bpw- sN-
p--h\m-sW---.- ""A--mlp- kr-jv-Sn-v- Xp-S-p-I-bpw ]n-o-SvA-Xv- B-h-n-pIbpw- sN-p-p-''- F-v- ]-e- Jp-B- kq-Iv X--fn-epw- ]-d-n-p-v.- (D-Zm-:- 10:-4,- 10:-34,- 27:-64).- ho-pw- krjvSn- Am-lp-hn-\v- G--hpw- F-fp--ap-- Imcy-am-sW-v- 30:-27 kq-IvXn- hyIvXam-n-bn-p-v.- k-q-Wam-b- \io-IcWn- - -- \v- ap-p-X-s- Amlp- Chn-sS- \n-a-m-W-hpw- kw-lm-c-hpw- \S n-sm-n-cn-p-p-v.- Pohn-n-cn-p-- a-\p-jy-cn-t]m-epwssZ-hn-I-am-b- \n-a-m-W- kw-lm-c-{]-{In-b-I- A-\p-kyq-Xw- \-S p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.\-p-sS- i-co-c-n- Zn-h-tk-\- e--W-n- tIm-i-\-in-p-I-bpw- ]-I-cw- ]p-Xn-b- tIm-i-- \n-n-X-am-hp-I-bpwsN-p-p-v.- GItZiw- ]-{-p-h-jw- sIm-v- ico-c-n-se]-g-b- tIm-i--sf-mw- \in-p-Xo-cp-I-bpw- ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- B-hn-`hnp-- tIm-i-- A-h-bp-sS- kv-Ym-\-v- hn-\y-kn--s-Sp-I-bpwsN-pp.- A--s\- km-m-- a-c-W-n\v- ap-p-X-s- tIm-iXe-n- ]q-Wam-b- "a-c-W'-hpw- D-bn-s-gp-t-pw-- A-t\-I-X-h-W- B-h-n--s-Sp-p.- a-cn-v- A-gp-Ip-- Po-h-Pm-e--fpwD-W-n- {Z-hn-p-- k-ky-fp-sa-mw- ho-pw- ]-e- ]-Zm-Y-cq-]-fn-em-bn- ]p-\cm-h-n-jv-Icn--s-Spp.- C-sX-mw- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-p- tem-I-c-n-Xm-hn-\v- B-Im-i-`q-an-I-- \-in-n--ti-jw- hyXy-kv-X-am-b- H-cp- {]-]-w- kr-jv-Sn-p-I- H-pw- A-km[ya-.""`q-an- Cu- `q-an-b-m-- a-sm-m-bpw- A-Xp-t]m-se- B-Im-i-fpw- am-s-Sp-Ibpw,- G-I\pw- k-hm[n-Im-cn-bp-am-b- A-m-lphn--te-v- A-h-sc-mw- ]p-d-s-p-h-cn-I-bpw- sN-p-- Znh-kw''- (hn.Jp.- 14:-48).\-iz-c-am-b- `q-an-pw- B-Im-i-tKm-f--pw- ]-I-cw- A-\-iz-c am-b- BIm-i-`q-an-I- A-m-lp- kr-jv-Sn-p-sa-m-Wv- Cu- kqIvXhpw- a-p-Nn-e- kq-Iv-X--fpw- tN-p-sh-p-t\m-p-tm- {Klnm-hp-Xv.- ""A-h\m-sX- bm-sXm-cp- ssZ-hhp-an-.- A-hsd- Xncp- ap-Jw- H-gn-sI- k-I-e- h-kv-Xp--fpw- \m-i-a-S-bp--Xm-Wv''- (hn.-Jp.28:-88).- ""A-hn-sS-bp-- F-m-h-cpw- \-in-p--Xm-Wv.- a-l-Xz-hpwD-Zm-c-X-bpw- D--h-\m-b- \n-s-d- c-n-Xm-hn-s-d- Xn-cp-ap-Jw- Ah-
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ti-jn-p--Xm-Wv''- (55:-26,- 27).- kz-K-m-h-Im-in-I-tfm-Sv- C-{]-Imcw]-d-b-s-Sp-sa-v- hn-ip-- Jp-B- hy-Iv-X-am-p-p-:- "k-am-[-m-\]qh-w- \n-fXn- {]-th-in-p-sIm-p-I.- im-iz-Xhm-kn-\p- Zn-h-k-am-Ip-p- A-Xv''- (50:-34).kz-Khm-kn-I- C-{]-Im-cw- ]-d-bp-sa-v- Jp-B- hy-Iv-X-am-p-p.- ""Am-lp-hn-\v- kv-Xp-Xn.- \-tm-Sp-- A-h-s-d- hm-Kv-Zm\wk-Xy-am-bn- ]men-p-I-bpw- kz-K-n- \-ap-v- D-t-in-m-hp-kvYev- \-ap-v- Xm-akn-m-hp-hn-[w- Cu- (kz-K)- `q-an- \apv- - A-h-Im-i-s-Sp-n--cp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cn-p-p.- A-tm- {]-hn-h-p-- {]-Xn-êw-F{X- hn-in-jvSw-!''-(39:-74).- C-s\- A\iz-c-am-bn- ]p\x-kr-jv-Sn--s-Sp-- ]-c-tem-I- `qan-sb-bpw- B-Imi-s-bpw- kw-_-\v-[n-m-Wv- 11:-107,- 108 F-o- h-N-\--fn- {]Xn]m-Zn-n-p--Xv.-
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hnhmlw Ckv-e-m-an \n_--amtWm? km-n-I-ambpw imcocn-I-ambpw Ign-hp-m-bnpw hnhmlw Dt]-n-p-Xv aX-hn-cp-amtWm? {]Ir-Xn-a-X-am-Wv. AYhm ]S--h a\p-jy-{]-Ir XnbpsS `mK-ambn \nbn Imcy--sfms AwKo-I-cn-p Ibpw {]mhn-Iam-p-Ibpw sN-Wsa-Xm-Wv Ckvemans - - \nb-aw. a\p-jy CW-I-fmbn Pohn--W-sa--XmWv krjvSn ns Xmev]cy-sav hn. Jp-B- hy-am-n-bn-p-v. ""\nv kam-[m-\]qh-w Hp-tN-tc-Xn-\mbn \n-fn \nvXs \nv CW-Isf krjvSn-p-I-bpw, \nnSbn kvt\lhpw Imcp-Wyhpw DmpIbpw sNbvXX-pw Ahs ZrjvSm---fn s]-X-s{X. Xo-bmbpw AXn Nnn-p P\-v ZrjvSm---fp-v''- (hn.Jp 30:21).""B-I-bm (k-Xy-n) t\sc \ne-sIm-p--h\mbn smv \ns apJs \o aX-n-tev Xncn-p-\np-I.
!Ckv-e-mw
Amlp a\p-jysc GsXmcp {]Ir-Xn-bn krjvSn-n-cn-p pthm B {]Ir- X n- b s{X AXv . Am- l p- h ps krjv S n hyhbvv bmsXmcp am-hp-an-. AXs{X h{I-X-bn-m-aXw. ]t, a\p-jy-cn A[n-I-t]cpw a\-n-em-p-n-''- (hn.Jp.30:30).Ahn-hm-ln-X-cmb Fm-h-scbpw hnhm-l-_--n GsSp--W-sav Amlp apkv-e-ow kaq-l-tmSv Iev]n-n-p-v. ""\n-fn-ep Ahn-hm-ln-X-scbpw \n-fpsS ASn-a-I-fn \npw ASna kv{XoI-fn\npw \-h-cmbnphscbpw \n hnhml _-n Gs-Sp-p-I. Ah Zcn{ZcmsWn Am-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-m Ahv sFizcyw \Ip--Xm-Wv. Amlp hn]p-e-amb Ign-hp--h\pw kh-\p-as{X''- (hn.Jp24:32).- Zcn-{Z t]mepw Am-lp-hns A\p-{Klw {]Xo-nv hnhm-ln-XcmIW-sa-s{X Cu kq-ns Xm]-cyw. k\ym-khpw {_-N-cyhpw Ckv-e-m-an\v A\y-am-sWv hnip -Jp-B hy-am-n-bn-p-v. ""k\ymkw Ah ]pXp-Xmbn \na-n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Am-lp-hns {]oXn-tX-Sn-smv (A-h-cXv sNbvXp) F-msX \mw Ahv AXv \nb-a-am-nbn-pmbn-cp-n-''- (hn.-Jp. 57:27).- IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw \bn-m Hcp amK-hpw ImWm--hv am{Xta kmK\njvT \ne \nn-smv Ahn-hm-ln-XcmbnPohn-m hnip-- JpB\n A\p-hmZw \In--m-Wppp. ""hnhmlw Ignm Ignhv e`n-m--h, Ahv Amlp Xs A\p{K-l-n \nv kzm{i-bXzw \Ip--Xp-hsc kmK-\njvT \ne-\n-s''(hn.-Jp. 24: 32)-."hnhmlw Fs Ncy-bm-Wv. Fs Ncysb h-h\pw shdp m Ah Fn s]-h-\'- Fv \_n(k) ]d--Xmbn _pJm-cnbpw apk-v-e-n-apw D-cn-n-p-v. ]n-X-m-cn hnhmlw \n_--a-sv ]d--hcpw Ds-nepw, JpB\pw kpp-a-\p-k-cnv Ign-hp apkv-e-nwI-sfmw hnhm-ln-X-cm-hpIbmWv th-Xv.
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ssZ-h-n-s-d- B-X-vam-hv- F- t]-cn- A-dn-b-s-Sp-I-bpw,- a-cWwh-sc- I-ym-Ww- I-gn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw- sN-bvX- H-cp- {]-hm-NI\m-Wtm- Cu-km- \-_n- F-- tb-ip-{In-kv-Xp.- Fm- a-v- - {]-hm-N-I-m-vC-cw- k-hn-ti-j-X- Im-Wp-I- km-[y-a-.- F-n-v- F-p-sIm-v- Fm{]-hm-N-I-cn-epw- D--X-\m-bn- Cu-km- \_-n- F-- tb-ip-hn-s\- apkv-enw I- Aw-Ko-I-cn-p-n-?-.
!Cu-km- \-_n- (A)- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- t{i-jv-T-\m-b- Zq-X-\pw- {]hmN-I-\p-a-m-sW-v- h-n-iz-kn-m- ap-kv-enw-I-sf-mw- _m-y-kv-Y-cm Wv.- hn-ip-- Jp-B\n- ]-e- A-[ym-bfn-em-bn- A-t-lnsd- t{i-jv-T-am-b- Po-hnX-s-bpw- {]t_m-[-\-s-bpw- kw_-\v-[n-vhn-i-Zo-I-cn-n-p-v.- A-t-l-n-s-d- am-Xm-hns-d- t]-cn- Hc[ymbw- X-s- hn-ip-- Jp-B-\n-ep-v.- Cu-km- \-_n- (A)- sXm-nen- In-S-p-- sIm-p-Ip-n-bm-bn-cn-p-tm- A-m-lp- \-InbA-km-[m-c-W- I-gn-hp-sIm-v- kw-km-cn-- hmp-I- {]-kv-Xp-XA-[ym-bn- D-cn-Xv- t\m-q.- ""A-h- (I-pn)- ]d-p-:- Rm- Po-hn-n-cn-p-- Ime-a{X-bpw- \-akvIcn-p-hm\pw- k-m-v- \- - Im-\pw- A-h- F-tm-Sv- A\p-im-kn-p-I-bpw- sNbv-Xn-cn-pp.(A-h- F-s)- F-s-d- amXm-hn-t\m-Sv- \-- \n-e-bn- s]-cp-amdp-h-\p-am-n-bn-cn-p-p.- A-h- Fs- \n-jv-Tq-c-\-pw- `-m-Kyw- sIh-\p-am-nb-n-n-.- Rm- P-\n-- Zn-h-k-hpw- a-cnp-- Zn-h-k-hpwPo-h-t\m-sS- Fgp-t-]-n--s-Sp-- Zn-hk-hpw- F-sd- taimn- D-m-bn-cn-pw-'' (hn.-Jp.- 19:-3033)-.Cu-km- \-_n- (A)-bp-sS- ssi-i-h-n-se- hm-p-I- D--cn-ti-jw- A-m-lp- ]-d-bp--Xv- Iq-Sn- C-tXm-Sv- tN-v- hn-e-bn-cpt--Xm-Wv: ""A-X-s{X- a--b-an-s-d- a-I-\m-b- Cu-km,- A-h- G-sXm-cp- hnjb-n- X-n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p-thm- A-Xv- kw-_\[n-- bYm- vY-am-b- hm-s{X- C-Xv.- H-cp- k-m-\-s- kzoI-cn-p-I- F-XvA-m-lp-hn-\v- D-m-Im-hp-X.- A-h- F-{X- ]-cn-ip-!- Ah- H-cp- Im-cyw- Xo-cp-am-\n-p-I-gn-m- A-Xn-t\m-Sv- D-m-Iq- F-v-
]-d-bp-I- am-{Xw- sN-p-p.- Atm- A-Xv- D-m-Ip-p-''- (hn.-Jp19:-34,-35).H-cp- {]-hm-N-I-s\-- \-n-e-bn- Cukm- \-_n (A)-p-- ap-gph- al-Xz-hpw- Jp-B-\n- Nq-n-m-Wn-p-p.- A-tXm-sSm-wA-t-lw- ssZh-]p-{X-\m-sW-- ss{I-kv-X-h-cpsS- hm-Z-sJWvUn-p-I-bpw- sNpp.- ssZ-h- ]p-{X- tb-ip-h-- ap-l--ZmsW-v- k-a-Y-n-p-I-b--;- ssZhw- k-m-\-s- kzo-I-cn-n-t-bnF-v- D-d-n-v- ]-d-bp-I-bm-Wv- Jp-B-\n.- F-m-h-cp-sS-bpwcn-Xm-hm-b- A-m-lp-hn-s\- B-cm-[n-m-\m-Wv- Cukm- (A-)- ]Tnn--Xv- F--- Im-cy-hpw- Jp-B- hy-Iv-X-am-p-p. (Cu-k-m (A) ]-d-p-:)- ""Xo--bm-bpw- A-m-lp- F-s-d-bpw- \n-fp-sS-bpwcn-Xm-hm-Ip-p.-- A-Xn-\m- A-hs\ \n-- B-cm-[n-pI,- CXs{X- t\-sc-bp-- am-K-w-''- -(hn.-Jp-19:-36).ssZ-h-n-s-d- B-Xv-am-hv- A-Y-hm- ssZ-h-Z--amb- B-Xv-am-hvXsbmWv- F-m- a-\p-jy-cn-ep-ap--Xv.- B-Z-n-a- a-\p-jy-\m-b- BZan-(A)-s\- krjv-Sn-- k--`-spdnv- ]-cm-a-in-p--Xvt\mq-:- ""\n-s-d- c-n-Xm-hv- ae-p-Itfm-Sv- C-{]m-cw- ]-d- k`w- {it-b-am-Ip-p-:- "I-dp-- sN-fn- ]mI-s-Sp-n-bp-m-n-bap-gap-m-p- I-fn-a- cq-]n-\n-v- Rm- H-cp- a-\p-jys\- kr-jv-Sn-m- t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv.- A--s\- Rm- Ah-s\- i-cn-bmb- cp-]n-em-p-Ibpw- Fsd- B-Xam-hn-\n-v- A-h\n- RmvDu-Xp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm- A-hv- {]-W-an-p--h-cm-bn-sm-v\n- ho-gp-hn--' (hn.-Jp.- 15:- 28,-29).Zm--Xyw- a-\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS- Xm-]-cy-am-Wv.- kv-{Xo- ]p-cpjm-sc- A-m-lp- kr-jv-Sn--Xp-X-s- kv-t\-l-hpw- Im-cp-Wy-hpw]-p-sh-v- Z--Xn-I-fm-bn- Po-hn-t-- A-h-kv-Y-bn-emWv.- D--a am-b- Ip-Spw-_-Po-hnXw- \bn-p--h-sc- ssZ-hw- A-\p-{K-ln-p-sa m-Wv- F-m- a-X-fpw- ]Tn-n-p-Xv.- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-m-sXbpwAhn-ln-X- _-\v-[--fn-te-s-Sm-sXbpw- B-sc-n-epw- Po-hnp]-w- A-Xv- Ip--I-c-a-s-n-epw- A-Xv- h-gn- {]-tXyI- a-l-Xzw- ssIh-cp-sa-v- ss_-_n-tfm- Jp-B-t\m- ]-d-bp-n-.- {_-lv-a-N-cy-ns-d- a-l-Xzw- ss{I-kv-X-h-k-` ]n-m-e-v- sI-n--a--Xm-Wv.Xm- F-m- {]-hm-NIm-tc-m-fpw- D-X\m-sW-tm- ssZ-h- ]p{X- -
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\m-sW-tm- tb-ip-{In-kv-Xp- Ah-Im-i-s--Xm-bn- ss_-_n-fnt]m-epw- ]d-n-n-m-Xn-cn-s- ap-kv-enw-I- A--s\-sbm-shn-iz-kn--W-sa-v- Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xn\v- bm-sXm-cp- \ymbhpan.-
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A-m-lp-hn-te-v- D-b-s-- {]-hm-NI- C-ukm- (A)- A-y\mfn-\v- ap-m-bn- Xncnv- hcp-a-tm?- h--Xn-\v- tij-ap-- Po-hn-Xw- hn-ipJp-B-\ns-d-bpw- Xn-cp-kp--n-s-d-bp-w- ASn-kv-Ym-\-n- Bbncn-p-tam?- A-tXm- Cu-km-(A)- D-b-s-Sp-Xn-\v- ap-v- e-`n- {]amWam-tWm- ]n-]-p-I?-
!tem-Im-h-km-\-n-\v- ap-v- Cukm- (A)- ho-pw- `q-an-bn- hvk-Xy-{]t_m-[-\w- \-S-p--Xv- ap-l--Zv- \-_n-(k)-bn- hn-iz-knp-sIm-pw- A-t-l-n-s-d- am-Kw- ]n-p-S-p-sIm-p-am-bncn-p-sa-v- C-amw- A-lv-a-Zv- dn-tm-v- sN-bv-X- H-cp- lZokn- hyIvX-am-n-bn-p-v.-
n-bn-p-v.- kaq-l\m-ahp-am-bn- tNp-tm- As\ AYw]dbm-]m-Sn-sv- {]m-am-Wn-Iam-b bm-sXm-cp- \n-Lp-hnepw ]dn-n-.- AXv- Jm-Zn-bm-\n-Ifp-sS Akw-Jyw- hym-Phm-Zfn sem-v- am-{Xam-Ip-p.- ]q-W,- t{ijv-T- Fo- A-fpw]e A-Y-fp-sS Iq-n- Nn-e \n-Lp-Ifn- tN-n-p m-Imw.- An-a- F A-s Xn-dbm- AsXmcp\ym-bam-Im-hp-X.B[n-Im-cn-Iam-b At\Iw- X^v-ko-dp-Ifn- "Jm-Xap _no'- F hmn-\v- An-a {]hm-NI- Fv- A-Y-w- \ In-bn-p-v.- C_v-\p- Pco-dn-s-d X^v-ko-dpw- AXn- D-sSp-p."{]hm-NIm-cp-sS ap-{Z'- Fv- "Jm-X-ap-_n-o'- F hm-n\v]cn- ` m- j \- I n- b Xn- \ p- t ijw- Holy Quran- A_v - Z p- mbqkpên- \-In-b hym-Jym-\p-dn-v- t\m-p-I:
``When a document is sealed, it is complete, and there can be no further addition. The holy Prophet Muhammed closed the longline of Messengers. Allah's teaching is and will always be continuous, but there has been and will be no Prophet after Muhammed. (Madinah Edition Page 1255, 1256)
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dkq- Xn-cp-ta\n- (k)- Ay-{]hm-NI\m-sW hn-izm-kn-\vsXfn-hm-bn- Ah-v- Dbn-m-\p-Xv- "Jm-Xap-_n-o'- F ]ZwJp-B\n- Xn-cp-ta\n-bp-sS DXhpw- DZm-hp-am-b BXv-ao-b t{ijv-TXsb hn-tijn-n-m- D]tbm-Kn-Xn-s\bm-Wv.- Jm-Xw- F ]Zw- Hcp- kaq-l\m-ahp-am-bn- tN-v- ]dbp-tm- ]q-W,- t{ijvT - Fm-sX Ay- Fv- Im-Wn-p- Hcp- DZm-lcWw- temIvCXp-hsc Hcp- ]Wv-Un-X\pw- \-In-bn-n-.- Ctm-gpw- Alv-aZn-m- Pam An-s-d shp-hn-fn- \n-e\n-p-p''- (kXy-Zq-X.- 2001.- HIv-tSm_).- Hcp- hn-iZo-IcWw- {]Xo-n-p-p.-
!Jm-Xw,- Jm-Xnw- Fo- cv- ]Z-pw- Ahkm-\s BFY-ap-sv- {]ap-J Ad_n- \n-Lp-Ifn-semw- hy-IvXam-
(Hcp- {]am-Ww- ap-{Zshp-tXm-sS AXv- ]q-Wam-Ip-p.AXn- ]n-o-Sv- Fsn-epw- Iq-n-t-m-hp-X.- ]cn-ip- {]hm-NI- ap-lZn-(k)-t\m-Sp-Iq-sS ssZhZq-Xm-cp-sS Zo-Lam b ]cc Ahkm-\n-n-cn-p-Ibm-Wv.- Am-lp-hn-s-d A[ym]\- Ftm-gpw- ss\ccy-ap-Xm-Wv.- AXv- As\Xs Bbn-cn-p-Ibpw- sNpw.- Fm- ap-lZn-(k)-\v- tijw- bm sXm-cp- {]hm-NI\pw- Dm-bn-cn-p-X).hn-ip- Jp--B- P\-v- ]m-cm-bWw- sNbv-Xp-sIm-Spp]Tn-n- {]hm-NI- (k)- "Jm-Xap-_n-o'- F hm-n-\n v- F-Y-w- {Kln-p- FXm-Wv- asn-s\m-fpw- {][m-\w.Am-lp-hn-s-d dkq- (k)- ]dXm-bn- A_q-lp-dbv-d (d)Dcn-p-: ""F\n-v- ap-p- {]hm-NIm-cp-am-bn- Xm-cXayw- sNptm- Fs-d D]a C{]Im-cam-Ip-p-: Hcp- hy-Iv-Xn- \sm-cpho-Sv- `w-Kn-bm-bn- \n-an-p.- Fm- Hcp-aq-ebn- Hcp- Cjv-SnIshm-\p- kv-Yew- Hgn-p-In-Sp-p-m-bn-cp-p.- P\-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
122
123
B ho-Sn-\v- Nppw- \Sv- AXn-s-d `w-Kn-sbp-dn-v- Biv-Ncyw{]ISn-n-p-am-bn-cp-p.- Fn-epw- "B Cjv-Sn-I AXn-s-d kv-Ym\v- shn-cp-sn-!'- Fv- Ah- A`n-{]m-bsp-sIm-n-cp p.- AsX,- Rm-\m-Ipp- B CjvSn-I.- Rm-\m-Ip-p- {]hm-NIm cn- An-a''-- (kz-lo-lp- _p-Jm-cn).ap-lZv- \_n- (k)- ]dXm-bn- A_q-lp-dbv-d (d)- Dcnp: ""C{km-Cu-ey-sc \bn-n-cp-Xv- {]hm-NIm-cm-bn-cp-p.- Hm-tcm{]hm-NI- acn-p-tm-gpw- asm-cm- X-kv-Ym-\w- GsSp-pam-bn-cp-p.- F\n-v- tijw- bm-sXm-cp- {]hm-NI\pw- Dm-bn-cnp-Ibn-.- Fm- At\Iw- Jeo-âm-cp-m-bn-cn-pw'- (kz-lolp- _p-Jm-cn).ao-km- Kp-emw- Jm-Zn-bm-\n-vXs ap-lZv- \_n- (k)- Ana {]hm-NI\m-sW Im-cyw- A\n-tj[y-am-sWv- t_m-[y-ap-mbn-cp-Xp-sIm-m-Wv- Xm- {]hm-NI\m-sWv- hm-Zn-p-Xn\v-ap-v- Xm- alv-Zn-bm-sWpw- hm-Kv-Z ako-lm-sWpw- In-bm-sWp-sam-s hm-Zn-Xv.- ]n-o-Sm-Wv- Xm- \n-g- \_nbm-sWv- P-]n-m- hn-izknm- Ip-dv- Bfp-Isf In-p-savtXm-n-bXv.- Abm-fp-sS {K\v-Y- ]cn-tim-[n-m-edn-bmw- ]ckv]chn-cp-am-b Fsm-s AhIm-ihm-Zfm-Wv- Abm\Sn-bsXv.- Jm-Zn-bm-\n-bpw- Abm-fp-sS A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw\Sn-b shp-hn-fn-Isfm-s Im-em-Im-efn- Ckv-em-an-I {]t_m-[I- GsSp-n-p-v.- Atm-sgm-s Ah- Dcw-apn-b Ncn-{Xtabp-q.- ]n-sbpw- Ah- P-]n-p-sIm-tbn-cnpw-;- Xfp-sS shp-hn-fn- \n-e\n-p-p-shv.- tIm-gn-tm-SvPn-bn-se sIm-Sn-bq-cn- Jm-Zn-bm-\n-Isf Bib]c am-bnt\cn-Sp-Xn-\v- {]tXy-Iam-bn- Hcp- kw-LS\ kPo-ham-bn- {]hn-p-hcp-p-v.- JmZn-bm-\n- hkv-hm-kp-I-v- kn-u-j[ambn-p- {K\v-Y- ]eXpw Ah- {]kn-o-Icn-n-p-v.-
!tIhew
hnt\mZn\pthn htXmXn \mWbfpw IdknIfpw tiJcnpXv CkvemanIambn km[pXbp Imcya. Ckvdm^v (AanXhybw), X_vZo (Zphybw) Fnh KpcpXcamb IpamsWs{X hnip JpB ]TnnpXv. ]Ww Bhiyv hn\ntbmKnmsX apSnbnSpXv Ckvemw hnenb Imcyfns]XmWv. Cs\sbms tiJcnpshp IdknIpw \mWbpw kImv \tIXmWv. Fm, hnhn[ \mSpIfn hnhn[ Imefn ]pdndn b \mWb, Idkn t\mpI, kvmpI XpSnbh hnZym`ymk]chpw Ncn{X]chpw apamb Bhiypthn tiJcnpshpXv IpIca. Atm hn\nabn\p ]Wa; {]XypX, ]T\n\pw KthjWn\pw apap D]I cWamIpp. AXn\m Ahbn \nv kImv \tIXn FmWv Cu teJI IcpXpXv.
58
a\p-jy-ico-cn-se Ahbh- acWn-\p-ap-pw- tijhpwZm\w sNp-Xn-s\n- Jp-B- Fv- ]dbp-p?- AhbhZm-\w- sNWsav- hkzn-v- Fgp-Xn-shm- ]m-Sp-tm?-
!Hcm-fp-sS DSakv-YXbn-ep- [\w- Fv- hn-tijn-n-m-hp-

Hcp- hkv-Xp- asm-cm-v- \-Ip-Xm-Wv- Ckv-em-an-I Zr-jv-Sym Zm-\w.- Ahbhw- hyIv-Xn-bp-sS [\am-Xp-sIm-v- Cu- AYn- "AhbhZm-\'-n-\v- {]kIv-Xn-bn-.- Fm- kz-ico-cwsIm-tm- AXn-s-d GsXn-epw- `mKw- sIm-tm- asm-cm-vkm-[y-am-Ip- klm-bw- sNp-Xv- kp{][m-\am-b ]p-Wy-IaamIp-p.- BXv-a\m-in-\v- hgn-shp-hn-[n- ]cklm-bwsNp-Xn-\v- am-{Xsa hn-ep-q.- Hcm-fp-sS ico-cn\v- tZmjwhcp-m-hn-[n- asm-cm-v- cIv-Xw- \-Ip-Xv- Cuhn[n-ep- klm-bam-Ip-p.- Cu- hkv-Xp-X ap-kv-enw- kaql
57
hnt\mZn\pthn tiJcnp hyXykv X cmPyfpsS \mWbpw IdknIpw kImv \n_\v[aptm?
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
124
125
n- Ctm- Ahn-X-n-Xas{X.Hcm-fp-sS ico-cs tZm-jIcam-bn-_m-[n-m- hn-[nHchbhw- \-In- asm-cm-fp-sS Po-h- cn-m- Ign-bp-sanB Pohcm-Wv- tZm-jcln-Xam-b Ahbh \jv-Ssmap-KW\ \-tIsXv- ]e B[p-\n-I ]WvUn-Xm-cpw- A`n{]m-bsn-p-v.- ""hh\pw- Hcm-v- Po-h- \-In-bm- AXva\p-jy-v- ap-gp-h- Po-h- \-In-bXn-\v- Xpey-am-Ip-p''-(5:32) F Jp-B- hm-Iy-am-Wv- Ah- Nq-n-m-Wn-p- {][m-\ sXfn-hv.- Po-hn-n-cn-p-tm-Xs cv- In-Uv-\n-Ifn-sem-v- Zm\w-sNp-Xv- Cu- hIp-n-s]Sp-p.- Fm- In-Uv-\n- am-nshen-\pw- AXn-\p-tijw- thn-hcp- \n-ccam-b Hu-j[ tkhpwapw- Bhiy-am-b sNehp-I- Zp-h-lamb `m-cam-bno-cp- hy-Iv-Xn-Isf Ahbhw- \-In- klm-bn-p-Xn-s-d {]kIvXn-sbp-dn-v- Ctm- Nn-e tUm-IS-am-cpw- apw- kw-ibapvbn-p-p-v.Fm- Zm-Xm-hn-\v- `m-Kn-Iam-bn- hnjaap-m-p-hn-[nHchbhw- (DZm-: cv- Ip-Ifn-sem-v)- asm-cm-v- \-Inklm-bn-m-tam- F Im-cy-n- ]Wv-Un-Xm- hy-Xy-kv-Xm`n-{]m-b- {]ISn-n-n-p-v.- Ckv-em-an-I Zr-jv-Sym- ]cn-KW\obamb {]tbm-P\w-,- A\n-hm-cy-X Fo- LSIm-Wv- Cuhn-jbIam-bn- {]m-ap-Jyw- I-]n-tXv.- hr-cpw- \n-cm-ew-_cpam-b am-Xm-]n-Xm--v- A\v[\pw- Btcm-Ky-hm-\p-am-b Hcp- aI\psv- k-]n-p-I.- Ahcn-sem-cm- aI\v- Hcp- In-s-d tIm-Wn-b \-In-bm- Ah\v- kz-bw- D]Po-h\w- Ism\pwam-Xm-]n-Xm-sf kw-cn-m-\pw- Ign-tpw.- Ccw- k`fn- Po-h\p- Bfp-sS tIm-Wn-b FSp-p-am-p-Xn-s\Xncn- Dbn-sSp- {]iv-\tfm- {]m-[m-\yw- I-]nt Xv- A\n-hm-cy-Xbp-sSbpw- {]tbm-P\n-s-dbpw- hin\mIpp.acWtijw- Ahbh- ap-hcp-sS Po-h- cn-p-Xn\p- t hn- t bm- Ah- v - Im- g v - N \- I p- Xn- \ p- t hn- t bm\Im,- Po-hn-n-cn-p-tm- hkzn-v- sNp-Xns-d km[p-
Xsb kw-_\v-[n-v- ]e ]Wv-Un-Xm-cpw- N- sNbv-Xn-p-v.Nn-e hy-hkv-YI-v- hn-t[bam-bn-sm-v- Cu- acWm-\c Zm\w- A\p-hZn-p-Ibm-Wv- dm-_n-Xz-bp-sS ^n-Jv-lv- Iu-kn-epwCu-Pn-]v-Xn-se {]ap-Jap-^v-Xn-bpw- sNbv-XXv.- Zm-Xmhv- kz-bwk\m-bn- sNp-I,- {]Xn-êw hm-m-Xn-cn-p-I,- Ahbhwkzo-Icn-p-hs-d Po-h- cn-m-t\m- Zp-cn-XaIm-t\m- apam-Kan-m-Xn-cn-p-I,- Ahbhw- am-n-sh- ikv{X{In-b hnPbnm- an-hm-dpw- km-[y-Xbp-m-bn-cn-p-I Xp-Sn-bhbm-WvNq-n-m-Wn-s \n_\v[\I.CXv- kw-_\v-[am-bn- hn-iZam-b ]T\w- B{Kln-p-h-vtUm.- aplZv- Aen- A-_m-dn-s-d "A-au-Jn-^p- ^n-Jv-loh- AJv-em-Jo- an- JZzn-n- k-C- A"AvZzm'- F {K\vYw- Ahew-_n-m-hpXmWv.-
Iq-Sn-m-gv-N-
Iq-Sp-X-e-dn-b-m-:U-b-d-Iv-S\n-v- Hm-^v- {Sq-vI-em-`h- tdm-UvsIm-n - 682 018 t^m-:- 0484 2367810,- 2352421 ^-m-Iv-kv-:- 0484 380746
Website: www.nicheoftruth.org E-mail: islam@nicheoftruth.org

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