A.

Soft drink A soft drink (also referred to as soda, soda pop, pop, or fizzy drink) is a non-alcoholic beverage typically containing water and a flavoring agent. Many of these beverages are carbonated and sweetened with either sugar or corn syrup, and they may contain additional ingredients such as fruit juice. They are called "soft" in contrast to "hard" because "hard" generally refers to drinks with a significant alcohol content. Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content generally must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic. Widely sold soft drinks include cola, lemon-lime, root beer, orange soda, grape soda, cream soda, ginger ale, flavored water, tonic water, sparkling lemonade, sparkling water, iced tea, sweet tea, squash, and fruit punch. Soft drinks are not thought of as containing milk or any other dairy product. Beverages that are not soft drinks include hot chocolate, hot tea, coffee, juice, milkshake, and schorle. Many carbonated soft drinks sweetened with sugar or high-fructose corn syrup are available in diet versions that are sweetened with a sugar substitute. B. Regional names The terms used for soft drinks vary widely both by country and regionally within some countries.History Soft drinks trace their history back to the mineral waters found in natural springs. Ancient societies believed that bathing in natural springs and/or drinking mineral waters could cure many diseases. Early scientists who studied mineral waters included Jbir ibn Hayyn, Alkindus, Rhazes, Paracelsus, Robert Boyle, Friedrich Hoffmann, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Hermann Boerhaave, William Brownrigg, Gabriel F. Venel, Joseph Black, and David Macbride. Among the earliest soft drinks were sherbets developed by Arabic chemists and originally served in the medieval Near East. "Alkaline Substances", "A kind of Saltwort" from which soda is obtained, probably from Arabic suwwad, the name of a variety of saltwort exported from North Africa to Sicily in the Middle Ages, related to sawad "black," the color of the plant.These were juiced soft drinks made of crushed fruit, herbs, or flowers. Sarsaparilla, is still available today, but is made with flavorings and carbonated water, since the in the original recipe was found to be. C. Carbonated drinks In late 18th century, scientists made important progress in replicating naturally carbonated mineral waters. In 1767, Englishman Joseph Priestley first discovered a method of infusing water with carbon dioxide to make carbonated water[6] when he suspended a bowl of distilled water above a beer vat at a local brewery in Leeds, England. His invention of carbonated water, (also known as soda water), is the major and defining component of most soft drinks. Priestley found water thus treated had a pleasant taste, and he offered it to friends as a refreshing drink. In 1772, Priestley published a paper entitled Impregnating Water with Fixed Air in which he

describes dripping oil of vitriol (or sulfuric acid as it is now called) onto chalk to produce carbon dioxide gas, and encouraging the gas to dissolve into an agitated bowl of water. Another Englishman, John Mervin Nooth, improved Priestley's design and sold his apparatus for commercial use in pharmacies. Swedish chemist Torbern Bergman invented a generating apparatus that made carbonated water from chalk by the use of sulfuric acid. Bergman's apparatus allowed imitation mineral water to be produced in large amounts. Swedish chemist Jns Jacob Berzelius started to add flavors (spices, juices and wine) to carbonated water in the late 18th century.

D. Phosphate soda In the 1950s, a variant of soda in the United States called "Phosphate Soda" became popular with the most popular of them being the orange phosphate. The drink consists of 1 oz orange syrup, 1/2 teaspoon of phosphoric acid, and the rest being carbonated water in a glass filed with ice. This drink was commonly served in pharmacies. E. Soda fountain pioneers Artificial mineral waters, usually called "soda water," and the soda fountain made the biggest splash in the United States. Beginning in 1806, Yale chemistry professor Benjamin Silliman sold soda waters in New Haven, Connecticut. He used a Nooth apparatus to produce his waters. Businessmen in Philadelphia and New York City also began selling soda water in the early 19th century. In the 1830s, John Matthews of New York City and John Lippincott of Philadelphia began manufacturing soda fountains. Both men were successful and built large factories for fabricating fountains. F. Soda fountains vs. bottled sodas

The drinking of either natural or artificial mineral water was considered a healthy practice. The American pharmacists selling mineral waters began to add herbs and chemicals to unflavored mineral water. They used birch bark (see birch beer), dandelion, sarsaparilla, fruit extracts, and other substances. Flavorings were also added to improve the taste. Pharmacies with soda fountains became a popular part of American culture. Many Americans frequented the soda fountain on a daily basis. Due to problems in the U.S. glass industry, bottled drinks were a small portion of the market in the 19th century. (They were certainly known in England, though. In The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, published in 1848, the caddish Huntingdon, recovering from months of debauchery, wakes at noon and gulps a bottle of soda-water. [8]) In America, most soft drinks were dispensed and consumed at a soda fountain, usually in a drugstore or ice cream parlor. In the early 20th century, sales of bottled soda increased exponentially. In the second half of the 20th century, canned soft drinks became an important share of the market.

G. Soft drink bottling industry Over 1,500 U.S. patents were filed for either a cork, cap, or lid for the carbonated drink bottle tops during the early days of the bottling industry. Carbonated drink bottles are under great pressure from the gas. Inventors were trying to find the best way to prevent the carbon dioxide or bubbles from escaping. In 1892, the "Crown Cork Bottle Seal" was patented by William Painter, a Baltimore, Maryland machine shop operator. It was the first very successful method of keeping the bubbles in the bottle. Research suggests a statistically significant inverse relationship between consumption of carbonated beverages and bone mineral density in young girls, which places them at increased risk of suffering fractures in the future One hypothesis to explain this relationship is that the phosphoric acid contained in some soft drinks (colas) displaces calcium from the bones, lowering bone density of the skeleton and leading to weakened bones, or osteoporosis. However, calcium metabolism studies by Dr. Robert Heaney suggested that the net effect of carbonated soft drinks, (including colas, which use phosphoric acid as the acidulent) on calcium excretion in urine was negligible. Heaney concluded that carbonated soft drinks, which do not contain the nutrients needed for bone health, may displace other foods which do, and that the real issue is that people who drink a lot of soft drinks also tend to have an overall diet that is low in calcium. H. Nutritional value Unless fortified, they also contain little to no vitamins, minerals, fiber, protein, or other essential nutrients. Soft drinks may also displace other healthier choices in people's diets, such as water, milk, fruit juice,[37] and vegetable juice. I. Sugar content While the USDA recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of added sugars is less than 10 teaspoons per day for a 2,000-calorie diet[citation needed], many soft drinks contain more than this amount. [citation needed] High caloric intake contributes to obesity if not balanced with exercise, with a large amount of exercise being required to offset even small but calorie-rich food and drinks. Until 1985, most of the calories in soft drinks came from sugar or corn syrup. As of 2010, in the United States high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is used nearly exclusively as a sweetener because of its lower cost [citation needed], while in Europe, sucrose dominates, because EU agricultural policies favor production of sugar beets in Europe proper and sugarcane in the former colonies over the production of corn. HFCS has been criticized as having a number of

detrimental effects on human health, such as promoting diabetes, hyperactivity, hypertension, and a host of other problems.[38] Although anecdotal evidence has been presented to support such claims, it is well known that the human body breaks sucrose down into glucose and fructose before it is absorbed by the intestines. Simple sugars such as fructose are converted into the same intermediates as in glucose metabolism. [39] However, metabolism of fructose is extremely rapid and is initiated by fructokinase. Fructokinase activity is not regulated by metabolism or hormones and proceeds rapidly after intake of fructose. While the intermediates of fructose metabolism are similar to those of glucose, the rates of formation are excessive. This fact promotes fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis in the liver, leading to accumulation of fat throughout the body and possibly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Increased blood lipid levels also seem to follow fructose ingestion over time.

Non-alcoholic beverage
A soft drink (also referred to as soda, soda pop, pop, or fizzy drink) is a non-alcoholic beverage typically containing water and a flavoring agent. Many of these beverages are carbonated and sweetened with either sugar or corn syrup, and they may contain additional ingredients such as fruit juice. They are called "soft" in contrast to "hard" because "hard" generally refers to drinks with a significant alcohol content. Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content generally must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic. Widely sold soft drinks include cola, lemon-lime, root beer, orange soda, grape soda, cream soda, ginger ale, flavored water, tonic water, sparkling lemonade, sparkling water, iced tea, sweet tea, squash, and fruit punch. Soft drinks are not thought of as containing milk or any other dairy product. Beverages that are not soft drinks include hot chocolate, hot tea, coffee, juice, milkshake,

and schorle. Many carbonated soft drinks sweetened with sugar or highfructose corn syrup are available in diet versions that are sweetened with a sugar substitute. A non-alcoholic beverage is a beverage that contains less than 0.5% alcohol by volume. Non-alcoholic versions of alcoholic beverages cocktails ("mocktails"), non-alcoholic beer ("near beer"), champagnes, and dealcoholized wine are widely available where alcoholic beverages are normally served. Well-known examples of non-alcoholic cocktails include the Shirley Temple cocktail, the Virgin Mary, and the virgin styles of the Pia Colada. Sodas, juices, and sparkling ciders have no alcohol, but non-alcoholic beer and nonalcoholic wine drinks undergo an alcohol removal process that may leave a small amount of alcohol; so in some states there are legal restrictions concerning non-alcoholic wine and beer. List of non-alcoholic cocktails

Arnold Palmer iced tea and lemonade. Baptist Boilermaker a cup of coffee served with a glass of seltzer water. Boston cooler ginger ale and ice cream. Faisal Ali - 1 part orange juice, 1 part ginger ale, 1 part mango juice, 1 part cranberry juice. Cassius Clay- red fruit punch and iced tea Cinderella - 2 oz. Club Soda, 1 dash grenadine, 1 oz. lemon juice, orange juice, and pineapple juice. Clayton (built): ice, 1 nip Claytons, 1/2 a glass full of lemonade and 1/2 a glass full of ginger ale. Nada Daiquiri - A daiquiri made without any liquor Dolce & Gabbana - A drink consisting of diet Coke and grenadine syrup - named for its initials DC & G (However, this drink is also sometimes referred to as Roy Rogers). Egg cream - chocolate syrup, milk, and seltzer End Wrench - 1 part orange juice, 1 part tonic water (This drink is also referred to as a Michelangelo) Freddie Bartholomew ginger ale and sweetened lime juice (such as Rose's), garnished with a slice of lime. Freddie Bartholomew was a British child actor popular in the 1930s. Golden Glow Henry orange juice and lemonade. Jeenie Juice - a drink consisting of coke and passion fruit cordial. Jefferson iced tea and orange juice. Jim Howard Sprite (soft drink) and orange juice. The drink was named by a group of Imagineers (Walt Disney Imagineering) while working on projects at Walt Disney World. Lemon, Lime & Bitters Has alcohol but the amount is so small and insignificant that it is usually classed as a mocktail. Mock Champagne apple juice, ginger ale, and lemon juice or

2 liters ginger ale, 46 ounces pineapple juice and 64 ounces white grape juice or o 4 parts carbonated water, 4 parts ginger ale and 3 parts white grape juice Muddy Water - cola and orange juice. Phil Collins - 7-Up with Lemonade (As opposed to a Tom Collins). Pomme Noir apple juice and cola. Roy Rogers cola and grenadine syrup, garnished with a maraschino cherry. Richard Simmons diet cola and grenadine syrup, garnished with a maraschino cherry. Rebecca pineapple juice (1/3), cranberry juice (1/3), soda water (1/3). Patrick Sweeney - a little known West Coast college favorite. Red Bull, cranberry juice, Coke, and orange Gatorade. Rock Shandy one part soda water, one part lemonade and a dash of Angostura bitters (South Africa). One part fizzy orange, one part lemon soft drink (Ireland). Safe Sex on the Beach (see Sex on the Beach) cranberry juice, grapefruit juice, and peach nectar. Saint Clement's orange juice and a lemon-flavored drink. Shirley Temple Sprite and grenadine syrup, often with orange juice. Thin Man - part non-alcoholic beer, part seltzer, with a large twist of lime. Virgin Mary a Bloody Mary without the vodka (Known in Europe as a "Bloody Shame"). Virgin Caesar- a Bloody Caesar without the vodka. Virgin Pia Colada - coconut cream, and pineapple juice Virgin Mint Julep - made with Crme de menthe and Limeade often served at Disneyland in New Orleans Square. Virgin Daiquiri Dexter Grif - One part of iced tea and one part of Ginger Ale
o

Non-alcoholic Beverages Non-alcoholic beverages are drinks with less than .05% alcohol in them. It is easy to mistake a non-alcoholic drink for one that does not have any alcohol at all in it. For many of the alcohol free drinks this is the case (zero alcohol content), but for non-alcoholic beers and wines there is a small amount of alcohol left behind by the process that removes the alcohol. Because of the minute amount of alcohol, it is illegal in many states for those under age 21 to purchase, possess, or drink them. Even though it is said that it would take more non-alcohol beers than you could actually consume in order to get a buzz or any level of intoxication from them, they are still illegal. As well, they are a potential danger for those who are in recovery from substance addiction, particularly alcohol. Some think that it is alright to drink nonalcoholic beverages and others argue that it is unhealthy and unsafe, mainly because when any amount of alcohol gets into the brain of someone once dependent then it can restart a biological process. So, it seems it may be

best for some to stick to the zero alcohol, non-alcoholic beverages, such as ginger ale, Shirley Temples, soda pop, and best of all, water. a. Mocktails Mocktails are the name given to cocktails without alcohol. When you are at the bar or tavern and do not want to order a drink with alcohol in it then you can order a non-alcoholic mocktail. There are many different types of mocktails. Usually a mocktail is made by removing the alcohol and replacing it with either the exact same ingredients minus alcohol or adding a dash of some other flavoring. Mocktails can taste just as good as the alcohol counterparts, and better yet drinking them will not get your license revoked for driving under the influence. Mocktails are excellent to serve at holiday functions like Thanksgiving, Christmas, Halloween, New Year's Eve, and other parties and gatherings where you would normally have regular drinks. Those looking for a simple non-alcohol drink for Christmas can try Egg Nog. Since Egg Nog can be fattening try buying the light version. If you don't do that then you can mix it with regular milk. Shake it up and then pour it out. Add cinnamon sprinkled on top. Non-alcoholic beverages are good for using at weddings, parties, and any other times that you would traditionally think to serve alcoh0l. There are many types of non-alcoholic drinks. Some examples of non-alcoholic mocktail drinks are a Roy Rogers (diet Coke and Grenadine), Arnold Palmer (iced tea and lemonade), Safe Sex on the Beach (cranberry juice, grapefruit juice, and peach nectar) instead of Sex on the Beach, or a Virgin Daiquiri. There are hundreds of other mocktails and non-alcoholic drinks. Many times if you are in a restaurant or bar you can get the nonalcohol type of the drink by ordering it as a "virgin" which means without the alcohol or alcohol free. Mocktails for kids are also something to consider. Oftentimes, alcoholic drinks are appealing to younger folks, so allowing them the non-alcohol versions of some drinks is exciting for them. This is not to encourage drinking. Thinking about what the kids want to drink though should be done. Making neat or fancy drinks for the kids is fun for them. A Shirley Temple is a great mocktail for kids. When you make mocktails for kids, especially during the holidays, make them feel special. If you are making Christmas mocktails for kids then make sure they enjoy it. Add clean snow to a cup and a beverage of choice to make an awesome kids mocktail during the winter b. Energy Drinks One rising trend in the non-alcoholic drink department are energy drinks. The consumption of energy drinks has risen and continues to be a very popular non-alcoholic drink. However, because some energy drinks have such a high amount of caffeine and other herbal stimulants in them, they can be quite dangerous. The over-consumption of energy drinks has resulted in heart and other health problems. Drinking them in moderation

or on occasion is better than using them as your non-alcoholic beverage substitute. c. Non-alcoholic Beverages Overall, drinking non-alcoholic beverages can be quite advantageous. By doing so, it is less calorie consumption and leaves you with a clear mind. Serving non-alcoholic drinks instead of alcohol is a fine choice. The pressure to consume alcohol is very strong, so deciding that your wedding shower, holiday party, or other event is going to be alcohol free is a good idea. At the bare minimum there should always be a non-alcoholic drink alternative for those who do not wish to get intoxicated or for those who cannot drink.