IIR FILTER APPROXIMATIONS

Butterworth Filter Chebyshev Type-1 Chebyshev Type-2

Some Basics:

Decibels:

We usually want to work with a signal's amplitude, not its power.

Since amplitude is proportional to the square-root of power, the amplitude of the output is 10 times the amplitude of the input. Every twenty decibels mean that the amplitude has changed by a factor of ten.

Performance Constraints

Analog Filter Design

Basic choices: 1. ripples vs. flatness in stop and/or passband 2. more ripples " narrower transition band

Butterworth filter Approximation:

Butterworth filter Approximation:

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter: 1. From the given specifications of digital filter, find equivalent analog filter approximations. Use Impulse Invariant Method or Bilinear Transformation method.

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter

2. Calculate Order of the filter using the following expressions:

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter

3. Calculate c if c is not given using:

4. Calculate the poles using: Pk = c e j(N+2k+1)/2N where k=0,1,2,..N-1

If poles are complex then consider complex conjugate pairs

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter

5. Calculate Analog system transfer function H(s) using: H(s)= c /(s-P1)(s-P2).. 6. Convert H(s) to H(z) using Transformation Technique used Initially.

Chebyshev-I filter Approximation:

All Pole Filter:

Chebyshev-II filter Approximation:

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter using Chebyshev Approximation

1. From the given specifications of digital filter, find equivalent analog filter approximations. Use Impulse Invariant Method or Bilinear Transformation method. Assume c = p
2. Find Parameter

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter using Chebyshev Approximation

3.

Calculate frequency response of a filter |H(j)|=

4. To find the order of a filter |H(j)|in dB=

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter using Chebyshev Approximation

5.

Position of poles

Where k=0,1,2,.,N-1

Poles Where

Steps for Designing Digital IIR filter using Chebyshev Approximation

Where is given by

6. Transfer function H(s)

Where k is

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