LUDITHA LUMAPAT-PE, MD, FPAAB

Chairman Department of Biochemistry

Objectives
1. To define lipids 2. To classify according to components common to its class simple , complex , precursor and derived 3. To define fatty acids , differentiate Saturated and Unsaturated fatty acids and describe their system of nomenclature 4. To recognize the structure and state the fuctions of triacylglycerol , phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids and polyprenoids.

5. To define lipid peroxidation and describe the process involved in its initiation , propagation and termination . 6. To recognize the structure of amphipathic lipids and the different complexes that they can form micelle, bilayer and liposomes.

THE FAT SPEAKS : WITH WATER , I SAY TOUCH ME NOT. TO THE TONGUE , I AM TASTEFUL. WITHIN LIMITS , I AM DUTIFUL IN EXCESS , I AM DANGEROUS.

1. Diverse group of compounds (structure) 2. Contains C, H, O 3. Organic substances, relatively insoluble in water (due to the predominance of hydrocarbon chains C-CH2-CH2-CH2-) in their structure

4. Soluble in organic solvents (alcohol, ether, chloroform & benzene 5. Actually or potentially related to fatty acids 6. Utilized by living cells 7. Not polymers, mostly small molecules

General functions of Biologic Lipids 1. A storage form of metabolic fuel (concentrated) 2. A transport form of metabolic fuel 3. A part of the outer coat between the body of the organism and the environment, providing protection in bacteria, plants, insects and vertebrates

4. Structural components of membranes 5. Source of fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) 6. Protect the internal organs, serve as insulating materials and give shape and smooth appearance to the body. 7. As compounds of the inner mitochondrial membranes, lipids (phospholipids) participate in the electron transport chain 8. Fatty acid derivatives serve as hormones

Commonly used classification of lipids and their general biologic functions:

LIPID FATTY ACIDS GLYCERIDES KETONE BODIES PRIMARY FUNCTIONS ENERGY SOURCES, BIOSYNTHETIC PRECURSORS STORAGE, TRANSPORT, METABOLIC INTERMEDIATES ENERGY SOURCES

PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES MEMBRANE COMPONENTS SPHINGOLIPIDS MEMBRANE COMPONENTS CHOLESTEROL EICOSANOIDS STEROID HORMONES MEMBRANE COMPONENTS MODULATORS OF PHYSIOLOGIC ACTIVITY MODULATORSOF PHYSIOLOGIC ACTIVITY

1. SIMPLE 2. COMPLEX / COMPOUND 3. PRECURSOR / DERIVED