U4 F 100 B 1 F 0 Cef 0

Data Warehouse Concepts
Avinash Kanumuru Diya Jana Debyajit Majumder
2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential
Content
1 An Overview of Data Warehouse 2 Data Warehouse Architecture 3 Data Modeling for Data Warehouse 4 Overview of Data Cleansing
5 Data Extraction,Transformation, Load
2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential
Content
Content [contd]
6 Metadata Management 7 OLAP 8 Data Warehouse Testing
An Overview
Understanding What is a Data Warehouse
10
What is Data Warehouse?

Definitions of Data Warehouse A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, nonvolatile, time-variant collection of data in support of management's decisions. WH Inmon Data Warehouse is a repository of data summarized or aggregated in simplified form from operational systems. End user orientated data access and reporting tools let user get at the data for decision support Babcock A data warehouse is a relational database a copy of transaction data specifically structured for query and analysis Ralph Kimball In simple: Data warehousing is collection of data from different systems, which helps in Business Decisions, Analysis and Reporting.
11
Data Warehouse def. by WH Inmon

A common way of introducing data warehousing is to refer to the characteristics of a data warehouse as set forth by William Inmon: Subject Oriented Data that gives information about a particular subject instead of about a company's ongoing operations. Integrated Data that is gathered into the data warehouse from a variety of sources and merged into a coherent whole. Nonvolatile Data is stable in a data warehouse. More data is added but data is never removed. This enables management to gain a consistent picture of the business. Time Variant In order to discover trends in business, analysts need large amounts of data. This is very much in contrast to online transaction processing (OLTP) systems, where performance requirements demand that historical data be moved to an archive. All data in the data warehouse is identified with a particular time period.
12
Data Warehouse Architecture

What makes a Data Warehouse
13
Components of Warehouse
Source Tables: These are real-time, volatile data in relational databases for transaction processing (OLTP). These can be any relational databases or flat files. ETL Tools: To extract, cleansing, transform (aggregates, joins) and load the data from sources to target. Maintenance and Administration Tools: To authorize and monitor access to the data, set-up users. Scheduling jobs to run on offshore periods. Modeling Tools: Used for data warehouse design for high-performance using dimensional data modeling technique, mapping the source and target files. Databases: Target databases and data marts, which are part of data warehouse. These are structured for analysis and reporting purposes. End-user tools for analysis and reporting: get the reports and analyze the data from target tables. Different types of Querying, Data Mining, OLAP tools are used for this purpose.
14

This is a basic design, where there are source files, which are loaded to a warehouse and users query the data for different purposes.
This has a staging area, where the data after cleansing, transforming is loaded and tested here. Later is directly loaded to the target database/warehouse. Which is divided to data marts and can be accessed by different users for their reporting and analyzing purposes.
15
16

17
Data Modeling
Effective way of using a Data Warehouse
18
Data Modeling
Commonly E-R Data Model is used in OLTP, In OLAP Dimensional Data Model is used commonly. E-R (Entity-Relationship) Data Model
Entity: Object that can be observed and classified based on its properties and characteristics. Like employee, book, student Relationship: relating entities to other entities.
Different Perceptive of Data Modeling.

o Conceptual Data Model o Logical Data Model o Physical Data Model
Types of Dimensional Data Models most commonly used:

o Star Schema o Snowflake Schema
19
Terms used in Dimensional Data Model

To understand dimensional data modeling, let's define some of the terms commonly used in this type of modeling: Dimension: A category of information. For example, the time dimension. Attribute: A unique level within a dimension. For example, Month is an attribute in the Time Dimension. Hierarchy: The specification of levels that represents relationship between different attributes within a dimension. For example, one possible hierarchy in the Time dimension is Year Quarter Month Day. Fact Table: A table that contains the measures of interest. Lookup Table: It provides the detailed information about the attributes. For example, the lookup table for the Quarter attribute would include a list of all of the quarters available in the data warehouse. Surrogate Keys: To avoid the data integrity, surrogate keys are used. They are helpful for Slow Changing Dimensions and act as index/primary keys.
A dimensional model includes fact tables and lookup tables. Fact tables connect to one or more lookup tables, but fact tables do not have direct relationships to one another. Dimensions and hierarchies are represented by lookup tables. Attributes are the non-key columns in the lookup tables.
20

21
Data Modeling


22

23
Star Schema
Dimension Table
product prodId p1 p2 name price bolt 10 nut 5
Dimension Table
store storeId c1 c2 c3 city nyc sfo la
Fact Table
sale oderId date o100 1/7/97 o102 2/7/97 105 3/8/97 custId 53 53 111 prodId p1 p2 p1 storeId c1 c1 c3 qty 1 2 5 amt 12 11 50
Dimension Table
customer custId 53 81 111 name joe fred sally address 10 main 12 main 80 willow city sfo sfo la
24
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table Fact Table
store storeId s5 s7 s9 cityId sfo sfo la tId t1 t2 t1 mgr joe fred nancy sType tId t1 t2 size small large location downtown suburbs regId north south
Dimension Table
city cityId pop sfo 1M la 5M
The star and snowflake schema are most commonly found in dimensional data warehouses and data marts where speed of data retrieval is more important than the efficiency of data manipulations. As such, the tables in these schema are not normalized much, and are frequently designed at a level of normalization short of third normal form.
25
region regId name north cold region south warm region
Overview of Data Cleansing
26
The Need For Data Quality

Difficulty in decision making Time delays in operation Organizational mistrust Data ownership conflicts Customer attrition Costs associated with error detection error rework customer service fixing customer problems
27
Six Steps To Data Quality

Understand Information Flow In Organization
y Identify authoritative data sources y Interview Employees & Customers y Data Entry Points y Cost of bad data
Identify Potential Problem Areas & Asses Impact
Measure Quality Of Data
y Use business rule discovery tools to identify data with
inconsistent, missing, incomplete, duplicate or incorrect values

y Use data cleansing tools to clean data at the source y Load only clean data into the data warehouse
Clean & Load Data
Continuous Monitoring
y Schedule Periodic Cleansing of Source Data
Identify Areas of Improvement
y Identify & Correct Cause of Defects y Refine data capture mechanisms at source y Educate users on importance of DQ
28
Data Quality Solution

Customized Programs Strengths: Addresses specific needs No bulky one time investment Limitations Tons of Custom programs in different environments are difficult to manage Minor alterations demand coding efforts Data Quality Assessment tools Strength Provide automated assessment Limitation No measure of data accuracy
29

Business Rule Discovery tools Strengths Detect Correlation in data values Can detect Patterns of behavior that indicate fraud Limitations Not all variables can be discovered Some discovered rules might not be pertinent There may be performance problems with large files or with many fields. Data Reengineering & Cleansing tools Strengths Usually are integrated packages with cleansing features as Add-on Limitations Error prevention at source is usually absent The ETL tools have limited cleansing facilities
30
Tools In The Market

Business Rule Discovery Tools Integrity Data Reengineering Tool from Vality Technology Trillium Software System from Harte -Hanks Data Technologies Migration Architect from DB Star Data Reengineering & Cleansing Tools Carlton Pureview from Oracle ETI-Extract from Evolutionary Technologies PowerMart from Informatica Corp Sagent Data Mart from Sagent Technology Data Quality Assessment Tools Migration Architect, Evoke Axio from Evoke Software Wizrule from Wizsoft Name & Address Cleansing Tools Centrus Suite from Sagent I.d.centric from First Logic
31
Data Extraction, Transformation, Load
32
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
External Data Demographics, Household, Webographics, Income
Staging Area
Web Server Logs & E-comm Transaction Data Flat Files Clean Transform Match Merge
Meta Data Repository
Scheduled Extraction
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Enterprise Data Warehouse
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
Data Storage & Integration
33
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Rummages through a file or database Uses some criteria for selection Identifies qualified data and Transports the data over onto another file or database
Data transformation
Integrating dissimilar data types Changing codes Adding a time attribute Summarizing data Calculating derived values Renormalizing data
Data Extraction Cleanup

Restructuring of records or fields Removal of Operational-only data Supply of missing field values Data Integrity checks Data Consistency and Range checks, etc...
Data loading
Initial and incremental loading Updation of metadata
34
Why ETL ?
Companies have valuable data lying around throughout their networks that needs to be moved from one place to another. The data lies in all sorts of heterogeneous systems,and therefore in all sorts of formats. To solve the problem, companies use extract, transform and load (ETL) software. The data used in ETL processes can come from any source: a mainframe application, an ERP application, a CRM tool, a flat file, and an Excel spreadsheet.
35
Major components involved in ETL Processing
36

Design manager Lets developers define source-to-target mappings, transformations, process flows, and jobs Meta data management Provides a repository to define, document, and manage information about the ETL design and runtime processes Extract The process of reading data from a database. Transform The process of converting the extracted data Load The process of writing the data into the target database. Transport services ETL tools use network and file protocols to move data between source and target systems and in-memory protocols to move data between ETL run-time components. Administration and operation ETL utilities let administrators schedule, run, monitor ETL jobs, log all events, manage errors, recover from failures, reconcile outputs with source systems

37
ETL Tools
Provides facility to specify a large number of transformation rules with a GUI Generate programs to transform data Handle multiple data sources Handle data redundancy Generate metadata as output Most tools exploit parallelism by running on multiple low-cost servers in multi-threaded environment ETL Tools - Second-Generation PowerCentre/Mart from Informatica Data Mart Solution from Sagent Technology DataStage from Ascential
38
Metadata Management
39
What Is Metadata?
Metadata is Information...

That describes the WHAT, WHEN, WHO, WHERE, HOW of the data warehouse About the data being captured and loaded into the Warehouse Documented in IT tools that improves both business and technical understanding of data and data-related processes
40
Importance Of Metadata
Locating Information Time spent in looking for information. How often information is found? What poor decisions were made based on the incomplete information? How much money was lost or earned as a result? Interpreting information How many times have businesses needed to rework or recall products? What impact does it have on the bottom line ? How many mistakes were due to misinterpretation of existing How much interpretation results form too much metadata? How much time is spent trying to determine if any of the metadata is accurate? Integrating information How various data perspectives connect together? How much time is spent trying to figure out that? How much does the inefficiency and lack of metadata affect decision making documentation?
41
Requirements for DW Metadata Management

Provide a simple catalogue of business metadata descriptions and views Document/manage metadata descriptions from an integrated development environment Enable DW users to identify and invoke pre-built queries against the data stores Design and enhance new data models and schemas for the data warehouse Capture data transformation rules between the operational and data warehousing databases Provide change impact analysis, and update across these technologies
42
Consumers of Metadata
Technical Users Warehouse administrator Application developer Business Users -Business metadata Meanings Definitions Business Rules Software Tools Used in DW life-cycle development Metadata requirements for each tool must be identified The tool-specific metadata should be analysed for inclusion in the enterprise metadata repository Previously captured metadata should be electronically transferred from the enterprise metadata repository to each individual tool
43
44
Trends in the Metadata Management Tools

Third Party Bridging Tools Oracle Exchange
Technology of choice for a long list of repository, enterprise and workgroup vendors
Reischmann-Informatik-Toolbus
Features include facilitation of selective bridging of metadata
Ardent Software/ Dovetail Software -Interplay

Hub and Spoke solution for enabling metadata interoperability Ardent focussing on own engagements, not selling it as independent product
Informix's Metadata Plug-ins

Available with Ardent Datastage version 3.6.2 free of cost for Erwin, Oracle Designer, Sybase Powerdesigner, Brio, Microstrategy
45

Metadata Repositories IBM, Oracle and Microsoft to offer free or near-free basic repository services Enable organisations to reuse metadata across technologies Integrate DB design, data transformation and BI tools from different vendors Multi-tool vendors taking a bridged or federated rather than integrated approach to sharing metadata Both IBM and Oracle have multiple repositories for different lines of products e.g., One for AD and one for DW, with bridges between them
46

Metadata Interchange Standards CDIF (CASE Data Interchange Format)
Most frequently used interchange standard Addresses only a limited subset of metadata artifacts
OMG (Object Management Group)-CWM

XML-addresses context and data meaning, not presentation Can enable exchange over the web employing industry standards for storing and sharing programming data Will allow sharing of UML and MOF objects b/w various development tools and repositories
MDC (Metadata Coalition)

Based on XML/UML standards Promoted by Microsoft Along With 20 partners including Object Management Group (OMG), Oracle Carleton Group, CA-PLATINUM Technology (Founding Member),Viasoft
47



48

49



50
OLAP
51
Agenda
OLAP Definition Distinction between OLTP and OLAP MDDB Concepts Implementation Techniques Architectures Features Representative Tools
1/13/2012
52
52
OLAP: On-Line Analytical Processing

OLAP can be defined as a technology which allows the users to view the aggregate data across measurements (like Maturity Amount, Interest Rate etc.) along with a set of related parameters called dimensions (like Product, Organization, Customer, etc.) Used interchangeably with BI Multidimensional view of data is the foundation of OLAP Users :Analysts, Decision makers
1/13/2012
53
53
Distinction between OLTP and OLAP

OLTP System Source of data OLAP System
Operational data; OLTPs are Consolidation data; OLAP the original source of the data comes from the data various OLTP databases To control and run fundamental business tasks A snapshot of ongoing business processes Decision support Multi-dimensional views of various kinds of business activities Periodic long-running batch jobs refresh the data
54
Purpose of data What the data reveals
Inserts and Updates Short and fast inserts and updates initiated by end users
1/13/2012
54
MDDB Concepts
A multidimensional database is a computer software system designed to allow for efficient and convenient storage and retrieval of data that is intimately related and stored, viewed and analyzed from different perspectives (Dimensions). A hypercube represents a collection of multidimensional data. The edges of the cube are called dimensions Individual items within each dimensions are called members
55
RDBMS v/s MDDB: Increased Complexity...

Relational DBMS
MODEL MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN MINI VAN SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SPORTS COUPE SEDAN SEDAN SEDAN ... COLOR BLUE BLUE BLUE RED RED RED WHITE WHITE WHITE BLUE BLUE BLUE RED RED RED WHITE WHITE WHITE BLUE BLUE BLUE DEALER Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr Clyde Gleason Carr VOL. 6 3 2 5 3 1 3 1 4 3 3 3 4 3 6 2 3 5 4 3 2 ...
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Coupe Carr Gleason Clyde Blue Red White
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
56
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells
Benefits of MDDB over RDBMS

Ease of Data Presentation & Navigation A great deal of information is gleaned immediately upon direct inspection of the array User is able to view data along presorted dimensions with data arranged in an inherently more organized, and accessible fashion than the one offered by the relational table. Storage Space Very low Space Consumption compared to Relational DB Performance Gives much better performance. Relational DB may give comparable results only through database tuning (indexing, keys etc), which may not be possible for ad-hoc queries. Ease of Maintenance No overhead as data is stored in the same way it is viewed. In Relational DB, indexes, sophisticated joins etc. are used which require considerable storage and maintenance
1/13/2012
57
57
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
- Input data in applications are typically sparse -Increases with increased dimensions
Data Explosion
-Due to Sparsity -Due to Summarization
Performance
-Doesnt perform better than RDBMS at high data volumes (>20-30 GB)
1/13/2012
58
58
Issues with MDDB - Sparsity Example

If dimension members of different dimensions do not interact , then blank cell is left behind.
Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
LAST NAME EMP# AGE SMITH 01 21 REGAN 12 Sales Volumes 19 FOX 31 63 Miini Van WELD 14 6 5 31 4 M O KELLY 54 3 5 27 D Coupe 5 E L LINK 03 56 4 3 2 Sedan KRANZ 41 45 Blue Red White LUCUS 33 COLOR 41 WEISS 23 19
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
59
59
OLAP Features
Calculations applied across dimensions, through hierarchies and/or across members Trend analysis over sequential time periods, What-if scenarios. Slicing / Dicing subsets for on-screen viewing Rotation to new dimensional comparisons in the viewing area Drill-down/up along the hierarchy Reach-through / Drill-through to underlying detail data
1/13/2012
60
60
Features of OLAP - Rotation
Complex Queries & Sorts in Relational environment translated to simple rotation.

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2
2 dimensional array has 2 views.

1/13/2012
61
61

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
Red White Sedan Coupe Mini Van Carr Gleason Clyde
C O L O R
Blue
Red White Carr Gleason Clyde Mini Van Coupe Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
D E A L E R S H I P D E A L E R S H I P
View #2
View #3
Carr
Carr Gleason Blue Red White Mini Van Coupe Sedan
Mini Van
Gleason Mini Van Coupe Sedan White Red Blue
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Coupe Blue Red White Clyde Gleason Carr
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
62
62
Features of OLAP - Slicing / Filtering

MDDB allows end user to quickly slice in on exact view of the data required.
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Coupe Coupe Normal Metal Blue Blue
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
63
63
Features of OLAP - Drill Down / Up
ORGANIZATION DIMENSION
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
Sales at region/District/Dealership Level
Moving Up and moving down in a hierarchy is referred to as drill-up / roll-up and drill-down
1/13/2012
64
64
OLAP Reporting - Drill Down
Inflows ( Region , Year)

200 150 Inflows 100 ($M) 50 0 Year Year 1999 2000 Years
East West Central
1/13/2012
65
65
Inflows ( Region , Year - Year 1999)

90 80 70 60 50 Inflows ( $M) 40 30 20 10 0 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr Year 1999 4th Qtr
East West Central
Drill-down from Year to Quarter

1/13/2012
66
66
Inflows ( Region , Year - Year 1999 - 1st Qtr)

20 15 Inflows ( $M 10 ) 5 0 January February March Year 1999 East West Central
Drill-down from Quarter to Month
67
Implementation Techniques -OLAP Architectures
MOLAP - Multidimensional OLAP

Multidimensional Databases for database and application logic layer
ROLAP - Relational OLAP

Access Data stored in relational Data Warehouse for OLAP Analysis. Database and Application logic provided as separate layers
HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

OLAP Server routes queries first to MDDB, then to RDBMS and result processed on-the-fly in Server
DOLAP - Desk OLAP

Personal MDDB Server and application on the desktop
1/13/2012
68
68
MOLAP - MDDB storage
OLAP
Cube
OLAP Calculation Engine
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
69
69
MOLAP - Features
Powerful analytical capabilities (e.g., financial, forecasting, statistical) Aggregation and calculation capabilities Read/write analytic applications Specialized data structures for
Maximum query performance. Optimum space utilization.
1/13/2012
70
70
ROLAP - Standard SQL storage
MDDB - Relational Mapping
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
71
71
ROLAP - Features
Three-tier hardware/software architecture:
GUI on client; multidimensional processing on midtier server; target database on database server Processing split between mid-tier & database servers
Ad hoc query capabilities to very large databases DW integration Data scalability
1/13/2012
72
72
HOLAP - Combination of RDBMS and MDDB

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
73
73
HOLAP - Features
RDBMS used for detailed data stored in large databases MDDB used for fast, read/write OLAP analysis and calculations Scalability of RDBMS and MDDB performance Calculation engine provides full analysis features Source of data transparent to end user
1/13/2012
74
74
Architecture Comparison
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Hybrid OLAP = ROLAP + summary in MDDB Sparsity exists only in MDDB part To the necessary extent
MDDB OLAP = Relational OLAP = Transaction level data + Transaction level data + summary in MDDB summary in RDBMS Good Design 3 10 times High (May go beyond control. Estimation is very important) Fast - (Depends upon the size of the MDDB) No Sparsity To the necessary extent
Data explosion due to Sparsity Data explosion due to Summarization Query Execution Speed
Slow
Optimum - If the data is fetched from RDBMS then its like ROLAP otherwise like MOLAP. High: RDBMS + disk space + MDDB Server cost Large transactional data + frequent summary analysis
Cost
Medium: MDDB Server + large disk space cost
Low: Only RDBMS + disk space cost
Where to apply?
Very large transactional Small transactional data + complex model + data & it needs to be viewed / sorted frequent summary analysis
1/13/2012
75
75
Representative OLAP Tools:
Oracle Express Products Hyperion Essbase Cognos -PowerPlay Seagate - Holos SAS
Micro Strategy - DSS Agent Informix MetaCube Brio Query Business Objects / Web Intelligence
1/13/2012
76
76
Sample OLAP Applications
Sales Analysis Financial Analysis Profitability Analysis Performance Analysis Risk Management Profiling & Segmentation Scorecard Application NPA Management Strategic Planning Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
1/13/2012
77
77
Data Warehouse Testing
78
Data Warehouse Testing Overview

There is an exponentially increasing cost associated with finding software defects later in the development lifecycle. In data warehousing, this is compounded because of the additional business costs of using incorrect data to make critical business decisions The methodology required for testing a Data Warehouse is different from testing a typical transaction system
79
Difference In Testing Data warehouse and Transaction System

Data warehouse testing is different on the following counts: User-Triggered vs. System triggered Volume of Test Data Possible scenarios/ Test Cases Programming for testing challenge
80
Difference In Testing Data warehouse and Transaction System.

User-Triggered vs. System triggered In data Warehouse, most of the testing is system triggered. Most of the production/Source system testing is the processing of individual transactions, which are driven by some input from the users (Application Form, Servicing Request.). There are very few test cycles, which cover the system-triggered scenarios (Like billing,Valuation.)
81

Volume of Test Data The test data in a transaction system is a very small sample of the overall production data. Data Warehouse has typically large test data as one does try to fill-up maximum possible combination of dimensions and facts. Possible scenarios/ Test Cases In case of Data Warehouse, the permutations and combinations one can possibly test is virtually unlimited due to the core objective of Data Warehouse is to allow all possible views of data.
82

Programming for testing challenge In case of transaction systems, users/business analysts typically test the output of the system. In case of data warehouse, most of the 'Data Warehouse data Quality testing' and ETL testing is done at backend by running separate stand-alone scripts. These scripts compare pre-Transformation to post Transformation of data.
83
Data Warehouse Testing Process

Data-Warehouse testing is basically divided into two parts : 'Back-end' testing where the source systems data is compared to the end-result data in Loaded area 'Front-end' testing where the user checks the data by comparing their MIS with the data displayed by the end-user tools like OLAP. Testing phases consists of : Requirements testing Unit testing Integration testing Performance testing Acceptance testing
84
Requirements testing
The main aim for doing Requirements testing is to check stated requirements for completeness. Requirements can be tested on following factors. Are the requirements Complete? Are the requirements Singular? Are the requirements Ambiguous? Are the requirements Developable? Are the requirements Testable?
85
Unit Testing
Unit testing for data warehouses is WHITEBOX. It should check the ETL procedures/mappings/jobs and the reports developed. Unit testing the ETL procedures: Whether ETLs are accessing and picking up right data from right source. All the data transformations are correct according to the business rules and data warehouse is correctly populated with the transformed data. Testing the rejected records that dont fulfil transformation rules.
86
Unit Testing
Unit Testing the Report data: Verify Report data with source: Data present in a data warehouse will be stored at an aggregate level compare to source systems. QA team should verify the granular data stored in data warehouse against the source data available Field level data verification: QA team must understand the linkages for the fields displayed in the report and should trace back and compare that with the source systems Derivation formulae/calculation rules should be verified
87
Integration Testing
Integration testing will involve following: Sequence of ETLs jobs in batch. Initial loading of records on data warehouse. Incremental loading of records at a later date to verify the newly inserted or updated data. Testing the rejected records that dont fulfil transformation rules. Error log generation
88
Performance Testing
Performance Testing should check for : ETL processes completing within time window. Monitoring and measuring the data quality issues. Refresh times for standard/complex reports.
89
Acceptance testing
Here the system is tested with full functionality and is expected to function as in production. At the end of UAT, the system should be acceptable to the client for use in terms of ETL process integrity and business functionality and reporting.
90
Questions
91
Thank You
92
Content
94
Content [contd]
95
An Overview
96

97

98

99
Content
101
Content [contd]
102
An Overview
103

104

105

106
Content
108
Content [contd]
109
An Overview
110

111

112

113
114

115
Data Modeling
116
Data Modeling


117

118
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
119
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
120
121

122


Clean & Load Data
123

124

125
Tools In The Market

126
127
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
128
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
129
Why ETL ?
130
131


132
ETL Tools
133
Metadata Management
134
What Is Metadata?

135
136

137
138



139

140



141
OLAP
142
Agenda
1/13/2012
143
143

1/13/2012
144
144

145
1/13/2012
145
MDDB Concepts
146

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
147
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
148
148
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
149
149

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
150
150
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
151
151

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
152
152

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
153
153

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
154
154
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
155
155

East West Central
1/13/2012
156
156

East West Central

1/13/2012
157
157

158


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
159
159
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
160
160
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
161
161
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
162
162
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
163
163

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
164
164
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
165
165
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
166
166
1/13/2012
167
167
1/13/2012
168
168
169

170

171

172

173

174

175
176
Unit Testing
177
Unit Testing
178
Integration Testing
179
Performance Testing
180
Acceptance testing
181
Questions
182
Thank You
183
184

185
Data Modeling
186
Data Modeling


187

188
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
189
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
190
191

192


Clean & Load Data
193

194

195
Tools In The Market

196
197
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
198
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
199
Why ETL ?
200
202
203
Content
205
206
Content
208
Content [contd]
209
An Overview
210

211

212

213
214

215
216

217
Data Modeling
218
Data Modeling


219

220

221
Data Modeling


222

223
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
224
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
225
226

227


Clean & Load Data
228

229

230
Tools In The Market

231
232
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
233
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
234
Why ETL ?
235
236


237
ETL Tools
238
Metadata Management
239
What Is Metadata?

240
241

242
243
244



245

246



247



248

249



250
OLAP
251
Agenda
1/13/2012
252
252

1/13/2012
253
253

254
1/13/2012
254
MDDB Concepts
255

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
256
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
257
257
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
258
258

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
259
259
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
260
260

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
261
261

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
262
262

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
263
263
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
264
264

East West Central
1/13/2012
265
265

East West Central

1/13/2012
266
266

267


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
268
268
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
269
269
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
270
270
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
271
271
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
272
272

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
273
273
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
274
274
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
275
275
1/13/2012
276
276
1/13/2012
277
277
278

279

280

281

282

283

284
285
Unit Testing
286
Unit Testing
287
Integration Testing
288
Performance Testing
289
Acceptance testing
290
Questions
291
Thank You
292
Content
294
Content [contd]
295
An Overview
296

297

298

299
Content
301
Content [contd]
302
An Overview
303

304

305

306
Content
308
Content [contd]
309
An Overview
310

311

312

313
314

315
Data Modeling
316
Data Modeling


317

318
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
319
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
320
321

322


Clean & Load Data
323

324

325
Tools In The Market

326
327
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
328
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
329
Why ETL ?
330
331


332
ETL Tools
333
Metadata Management
334
What Is Metadata?

335
336

337
338



339

340



341
OLAP
342
Agenda
1/13/2012
343
343

1/13/2012
344
344

345
1/13/2012
345
MDDB Concepts
346

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
347
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
348
348
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
349
349

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
350
350
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
351
351

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
352
352

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
353
353

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
354
354
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
355
355

East West Central
1/13/2012
356
356

East West Central

1/13/2012
357
357

358


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
359
359
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
360
360
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
361
361
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
362
362
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
363
363

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
364
364
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
365
365
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
366
366
1/13/2012
367
367
1/13/2012
368
368
369

370

371

372

373

374

375
376
Unit Testing
377
Unit Testing
378
Integration Testing
379
Performance Testing
380
Acceptance testing
381
Questions
382
Thank You
383
384

385
Data Modeling
386
Data Modeling


387

388
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
389
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
390
391

392


Clean & Load Data
393

394

395
Tools In The Market

396
397
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
398
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
399
Why ETL ?
400
401


402
ETL Tools
403
Metadata Management
404
What Is Metadata?

405
406

407
408



409

410
Content
412
414
415
Content
417
418
Content
420
Content [contd]
421
An Overview
422

423

424

425
426

427
428

429
Data Modeling
430
Data Modeling


431

432

433
Data Modeling


434

435
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
436
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
437
438

439


Clean & Load Data
440

441

442
Tools In The Market

443
444
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
445
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
446
Why ETL ?
447
448


449
ETL Tools
450
Metadata Management
451
What Is Metadata?

452
453

454
455
456



457

458



459



460

461



462
OLAP
463
Agenda
1/13/2012
464
464

1/13/2012
465
465

466
1/13/2012
466
MDDB Concepts
467

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
468
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
469
469
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
470
470

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
471
471
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
472
472

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
473
473

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
474
474

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
475
475
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
476
476

East West Central
1/13/2012
477
477

East West Central

1/13/2012
478
478

479


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
480
480
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
481
481
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
482
482
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
483
483
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
484
484

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
485
485
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
486
486
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
487
487
1/13/2012
488
488
1/13/2012
489
489
490

491

492

493

494

495

496
497
Unit Testing
498
Unit Testing
499
Integration Testing
500
Performance Testing
501
Acceptance testing
502
Questions
503
Thank You
504
Content
506
Content [contd]
507
An Overview
508

509

510

511
Content
513
Content [contd]
514
An Overview
515

516

517

518
Content
520
Content [contd]
521
An Overview
522

523

524

525
526

527
Data Modeling
528
Data Modeling


529

530
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
531
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
532
533

534


Clean & Load Data
535

536

537
Tools In The Market

538
539
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
540
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
541
Why ETL ?
542
543


544
ETL Tools
545
Metadata Management
546
What Is Metadata?

547
548

549
550



551

552



553
OLAP
554
Agenda
1/13/2012
555
555

1/13/2012
556
556

557
1/13/2012
557
MDDB Concepts
558

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
559
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
560
560
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
561
561

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
562
562
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
563
563

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
564
564

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
565
565

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
566
566
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
567
567

East West Central
1/13/2012
568
568

East West Central

1/13/2012
569
569

570


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
571
571
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
572
572
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
573
573
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
574
574
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
575
575

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
576
576
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
577
577
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
578
578
1/13/2012
579
579
1/13/2012
580
580
581

582

583

584

585

586

587
588
Unit Testing
589
Unit Testing
590
Integration Testing
591
Performance Testing
592
Acceptance testing
593
Questions
594
Thank You
595
596

597
Data Modeling
598
Data Modeling


599

600
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
601
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
602
603

604


Clean & Load Data
605

606

607
Tools In The Market

608
609
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
610
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
611
Why ETL ?
612
614
615
Content
617
618
Content
620
Content [contd]
621
An Overview
622

623

624

625
626

627
628

629
Data Modeling
630
Data Modeling


631

632

633
Data Modeling


634

635
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
636
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
637
638

639


Clean & Load Data
640

641

642
Tools In The Market

643
644
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
645
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
646
Why ETL ?
647
648


649
ETL Tools
650
Metadata Management
651
What Is Metadata?

652
653

654
655
656



657

658



659



660

661



662
OLAP
663
Agenda
1/13/2012
664
664

1/13/2012
665
665

666
1/13/2012
666
MDDB Concepts
667

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
668
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
669
669
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
670
670

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
671
671
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
672
672

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
673
673

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
674
674

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
675
675
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
676
676

East West Central
1/13/2012
677
677

East West Central

1/13/2012
678
678

679


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
680
680
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
681
681
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
682
682
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
683
683
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
684
684

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
685
685
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
686
686
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
687
687
1/13/2012
688
688
1/13/2012
689
689
690

691

692

693

694

695

696
697
Unit Testing
698
Unit Testing
699
Integration Testing
700
Performance Testing
701
Acceptance testing
702
Questions
703
Thank You
704
Content
706
Content [contd]
707
An Overview
708

709

710

711
Content
713
Content [contd]
714
An Overview
715

716

717

718
Content
720
Content [contd]
721
An Overview
722

723

724

725
726

727
Data Modeling
728
Data Modeling


729

730
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
731
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
732
733

734


Clean & Load Data
735

736

737
Tools In The Market

738
739
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
740
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
741
Why ETL ?
742
743


744
ETL Tools
745
Metadata Management
746
What Is Metadata?

747
748

749
750



751

752



753
OLAP
754
Agenda
1/13/2012
755
755

1/13/2012
756
756

757
1/13/2012
757
MDDB Concepts
758

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
759
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
760
760
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
761
761

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
762
762
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
763
763

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
764
764

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
765
765

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
766
766
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
767
767

East West Central
1/13/2012
768
768

East West Central

1/13/2012
769
769

770


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
771
771
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
772
772
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
773
773
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
774
774
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
775
775

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
776
776
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
777
777
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
778
778
1/13/2012
779
779
1/13/2012
780
780
781

782

783

784

785

786

787
788
Unit Testing
789
Unit Testing
790
Integration Testing
791
Performance Testing
792
Acceptance testing
793
Questions
794
Thank You
795
796

797
Data Modeling
798
Data Modeling


799

800
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
801
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
802
803

804


Clean & Load Data
805

806

807
Tools In The Market

808
809
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
810
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
811
Why ETL ?
812
813


814
ETL Tools
815
Metadata Management
816
What Is Metadata?

817
818

819
820



821

822
Content
824
Content
826
Content [contd]
827
An Overview
828

829

830

831
832

833
Data Modeling
834
Data Modeling


835

836
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
837
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
838
839

840


Clean & Load Data
841

842

843
Tools In The Market

844
845
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
846
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
847
Why ETL ?
848
849


850
ETL Tools
851
Metadata Management
852
What Is Metadata?

853
854

855
856



857

858



859
OLAP
860
Agenda
1/13/2012
861
861

1/13/2012
862
862

863
1/13/2012
863
MDDB Concepts
864

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
865
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
866
866
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
867
867

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
868
868
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
869
869

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
870
870

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
871
871

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
872
872
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
873
873

East West Central
1/13/2012
874
874

East West Central

1/13/2012
875
875

876


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
877
877
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
878
878
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
879
879
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
880
880
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
881
881

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
882
882
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
883
883
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
884
884
1/13/2012
885
885
1/13/2012
886
886
887

888

889

890

891

892

893
894
Unit Testing
895
Unit Testing
896
Integration Testing
897
Performance Testing
898
Acceptance testing
899
Questions
900
Thank You
901
Content [contd]
902
An Overview
903

904

905

906
907

908
Data Modeling
909
Data Modeling


910

911
Star Schema
Dimension Table
Dimension Table
Fact Table
Dimension Table
912
Snowflake Schema
Dimension Table
913
914

915


Clean & Load Data
916

917

918
Tools In The Market

919
920
ETL Architecture
Visitors
Web Browsers
The Internet
Staging Area
RDBMS
Scheduled Loading
Other OLTP Systems
Data Collection
Data Extraction
Data Transformation
Data Loading
921
ETL Architecture
Data Extraction:
Data transformation

Data loading
922
Why ETL ?
923
924


925
ETL Tools
926
Metadata Management
927
What Is Metadata?

928
929

930
931



932

933



934
OLAP
935
Agenda
1/13/2012
936
936

1/13/2012
937
937

938
1/13/2012
938
MDDB Concepts
939

Relational DBMS
MDDB
Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
27 x 4 = 108 cells
940
3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cells

1/13/2012
941
941
Issues with MDDB
Sparsity
Data Explosion
Performance
1/13/2012
942
942

Employee Age
21 19 63 31 27 56 45 41 19
31 41 23 01 14 54 03 12 33
Smith
Regan
Fox
L A S T N A M E
Weld
Kelly
Link
Kranz
Lucas
Weiss
EMPLOYEE #
1/13/2012
943
943
OLAP Features
1/13/2012
944
944

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
6 3 4
Blue
5 5 3
Red
4 5 2
( ROTATE 90 )
White
o
Coupe
C O L O R
Blue
6 5 4
3 5 5
MODEL
4 3 2
Sedan
Red
Sedan
White
Mini Van Coupe
COLOR
View #1
View #2

1/13/2012
945
945

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van
Sedan
C O L O R
Blue
C O L O R
Blue
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
( ROTATE 90 )
DEALERSHIP
DEALERSHIP
MODEL
View #1
View #2
View #3
Carr
Mini Van
Clyde
Clyde
M O D E L
Sedan
COLOR
( ROTATE 90 )
MODEL
DEALERSHIP
( ROTATE 90 )
o
MODEL
COLOR
COLOR
View #4
View #5
View #6

1/13/2012
946
946

Sales Volumes
M O D E L
Mini Van Mini Van
Carr Clyde
Carr Clyde
Normal Blue
Metal Blue
DEALERSHIP
COLOR
1/13/2012
947
947
REGION Midwest
DISTRICT
Chicago
St. Louis
Gary
DEALERSHIP
Clyde
Gleason
Carr
Levi
Lucas
Bolton
1/13/2012
948
948

East West Central
1/13/2012
949
949

East West Central

1/13/2012
950
950

951


HOLAP - Hybrid OLAP

DOLAP - Desk OLAP

1/13/2012
952
952
OLAP
Cube
Web Browser
OLAP Tools
OLAP Appli cations

1/13/2012
953
953
MOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
954
954
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
955
955
ROLAP - Features
1/13/2012
956
956

OLAP Cube
Any Client
Relational DW
Web Browser
SQL
OLAP Tools
OLAP Applications
1/13/2012
957
957
HOLAP - Features
1/13/2012
958
958
MOLAP
Definition
ROLAP
HOLAP
Slow
Cost
Where to apply?
1/13/2012
959
959
1/13/2012
960
960
1/13/2012
961
961
962

963

964

965

966

967

968
969

U4 F 100 B 1 F 0 Cef 0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

U4 F 100 B 1 F 0 Cef 0

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

U4 F 100 B 1 F 0 Cef 0

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Data Warehouse Concepts

Avinash Kanumuru Diya Jana Debyajit Majumder

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse Concepts

Avinash Kanumuru Diya Jana Debyajit Majumder

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

5 Data Extraction,Transformation, Load

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse Concepts

Avinash Kanumuru Diya Jana Debyajit Majumder

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

5 Data Extraction,Transformation, Load

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

What is Data Warehouse?

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse def. by WH Inmon

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse Architecture

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse Architecture

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Warehouse Architecture

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

 Different Perceptive of Data Modeling.

 Types of Dimensional Data Models most commonly used:

Terms used in Dimensional Data Model

Data Warehouse Architecture

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

 Different Perceptive of Data Modeling.

 Types of Dimensional Data Models most commonly used:

Terms used in Dimensional Data Model

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

region regId name north cold region south warm region

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Overview of Data Cleansing

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

The Need For Data Quality

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Six Steps To Data Quality

Identify Potential Problem Areas & Asses Impact

Measure Quality Of Data

y Use business rule discovery tools to identify data with

inconsistent, missing, incomplete, duplicate or incorrect values

Clean & Load Data

y Schedule Periodic Cleansing of Source Data

Identify Areas of Improvement

Data Quality Solution

2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Data Quality Solution

Different Perceptive of Data Modeling.

Types of Dimensional Data Models most commonly used:

Different Perceptive of Data Modeling.

Types of Dimensional Data Models most commonly used:

Ardent Software/ Dovetail Software -Interplay

Informix's Metadata Plug-ins

OMG (Object Management Group)-CWM

MDC (Metadata Coalition)

Ardent Software/ Dovetail Software -Interplay

Informix's Metadata Plug-ins

OMG (Object Management Group)-CWM

MDC (Metadata Coalition)