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CH 4
CH 4
Chap 04
Copyright 2001
Lecture Outline
1) Barilla SpA Part A, B, and C 2) The Bullwhip Effect 4) Effect Forecasts 5) Information for Coordination of Systems 6) Locating Desired Products 7) Lead Time Reduction 8) Integrating the Supply Chain Reading: 1. Barilla SpA, Harvard Business School, 9-694-046
Figure 4.2
Figure 4.3 Weekly Demand for Barilla Dry Products from Corteses
Northeast Distribution Center to the Pedrignano CDC, 1989.
What exactly is causing the distributors order pattern to look this way? What are the underlying drivers of the fluctuations?
Figure 4.9
Figure 4.10
Figure 4.11
Figure 4.12
Higher Variability in Orders Placed by Computer Retailer to Manufacturer Than Actual Sales
We Conclude .
Order Variability is amplified up the supply chain; upstream echelons face higher variability. What you see is not what they face.
Dt
Retailer
qt L
Manufacturer
L=5
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
L=3
L=1 L=1
qo=D
Retailer Stage 1
q1 L1
Manufacturer Stage 2
q2 L2
Supplier Stage 3
Formula
2( Li )
i !1 k 1
Var (Q ) u 1 Var ( D )
K k 1
2( Li )
i !1
k 1
p
2
2 Li 2 Li Var (Q ) u 1 2 Var ( D ) p p i !1
Multi-Stage Systems:Var(qk)/Var(D)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25
Cen, k=5 Dec, k=3 Cen, k=3 k=1 Dec, k=5
Reduce Variability
Year round or Everyday low pricing
Alliance Arrangements
Vendor managed inventory
Common Pitfalls
1. Information and Management
No Supply Chain Metrics Inadequate Definition of Customer Service Inaccurate Delivery Status Data Inefficient Information Systems
2. Operational Control
Ignoring the Impact of Uncertainties Simplistic Inventory Stocking Policies Discrimination against Internal Customers Poor Coordination
Common Pitfalls
3. Design and Strategy
Incomplete Shipment Methods Analysis Incorrect Assessment of Inventory Costs Product and Process Design without SC Consideration Focus on Incomplete Supply Chain
2. Coordinated Planning
Frequent review allows fast reaction Integrated distribution strategy