Scope and Limitation Scope The study covers two programming languages such as Visual Basic 6.

0 and JAVA (Netbeans) in terms of Object Oriented Programming particularly the programming features such as inheritance, abstraction and encapsulation. Inheritance, the subclasses of a class, specialized versions of a class, which inherit attributes and behaviors from their parent classes, and can introduced their own. Abstraction simplifying complex reality by modeling classes appropriate to the problem. Encapsulation conceals the functional details of a class from objects that send messages to it. It also means that the internal representation of an object is generally hidden from view outside of the objects definition. Limitations The study will not cover the other object oriented programming features such as Modularity and Polymorphism. Modularity is a general system concept, typically defined as a continuum describing the degree to which a systems components maybe separated and combined. Polymorphism in object-oriented programming is the ability of objects belonging to different data types to respond to calls of methods of the same name, each one according to an appropriate type-specific behavior.
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BACKGROUND. Barriers to prenatal care have been extensively investigated in low-income and inner-city communities. Less attention has been directed to the study of prenatal care among middle- and upper-class pregnant women. This study describes perceived barriers and factors associated with late initiation of prenatal care in a predominantly middle- to upper-class midwestern community. METHODS. Consenting women in Olmsted County, Minnesota, who were attending a clinic for their first obstetric visit completed a self-administered questionnaire that queried the presence of factors making it difficult to receive prenatal care, perception about the importance of prenatal care, expectations at the first prenatal care visit, and sociodemographic factors.

RESULTS. Of the 813 women aged 14 to 47 years, 692 (86%) had their first prenatal visit within the first trimester of pregnancy. Only 98 (12%) women reported external barriers to receiving prenatal care. These factors included difficulty in getting an appointment (46.9%), problems finding child care (26.5%), and lack of transportation (14.3%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, late initiation of care was associated with patient perception of prenatal care as being less than very important (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 - 9.7); external barriers to prenatal care (OR = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.6 - 5.4); annual income [is less than] $17,000 (OR = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.5 - 5.7); and an unintended pregnancy (OR = 2.1, 95% CI, 1.3 3.5). Multiparous women and women older than 35 years were more likely to perceive prenatal care as less than very important (OR = 3.9, 95% CI, 2.5 - 14.6 and OR = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.2 - 6.8, respectively). CONCLUSIONS. These findings suggest that perceptions about the importance of prenatal care may play a greater role in the initiation of care among this group of women than is recognized. Women with more experience with pregnancy appear to place slightly less importance on prenatal care.
BACKGROUND. Barriers to prenatal care have been extensively investigated in low-income and inner-city communities. Less attention has been directed to the study of prenatal care among middle- and upperclass pregnant women. This study describes perceived barriers and factors associated with late initiation of prenatal care in a predominantly middle- to upper-class midwestern community.

Scope and Limitation (by peter,stef,bless) The study focuses on Calamansi as an alternative for lowering the blood pressure of prehypertensive people and aid hypertensive people on acquiring secondary complications on their current problem. The study will be conducted in Sampaloc, Manila with its inhabitants. The study involves a field-work, interviews on the townspeople and observations of their activities and lifestyle that may contribute to their existing problem. The study aims to lower the number of people developing persistent hypertension which can lead to heart attacks, heart failures, chronic renal failure and stroke. Even moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancy. Because of the increasing number of people having hypertension, this study will help them lower their chances of having more complications of hypertension and lower the chance of pre-hypertensive people on acquiring hypertension. The selection of respondents are only limited to town residents, specifically, people living in the area of Sampaloc, Manila. The respondents are pre-hypertensive or hypertensive people living in the area. Respondents having blood pressure readings with a systolic pressure from 120 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure from 80 to 89 mm Hg will be considered prehypertensive, while, respondents having readings greater than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg are considered hypertensive. The study will be conducted only for a month. During the four weeks, we will conduct the study by giving the people Calamansi and teaching them how to use it to lower their blood pressure. Then, after every week, we will check the result of the experiment. The observations

will be done every week, with the use of a blood pressure measuring device or the Sphygmomanometer. Our study does not offer a treatment for the problem. It will only help lower the chance of pre-hypertensive people acquiring hypertension itself and lower the chances of acquiring secondary complications for people with hypertension. The study does not involve giving drugs to the respondents. It is just an experiment to test If Calamansi could be an alternative for lowering the blood pressure of people with Hypertension. Tags: SCOPE AND LIMITATION