After School Discovery, P.O. Box 113, Ashtabula, OH 44005 440.993.1060 asd@afterschooldiscovery.

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UsingtheMicroscopeMicroscopePartsandTheirFunction
MicroscopeParts

WhatthePartsDo: Ocular(eyepiece)thelensyoulookthrough,magnifiesthespecimen Basesupportsthemicroscope Nosepieceholdsobjectivelenses LowPowerObjectiveLensandHighPowerObjectiveLensmagnifythespecimen(2) Armsupportsupperpartsofthemicroscope,usedtocarrythemicroscope FineFocusKnobusedtofocuswhenusingthehighpowerobjective Stagewheretheslideisplaced Diaphragmregulatestheamountoflightreachingtheobjectivelens CourseFocusKnobusedtofocuswhenusingthelowpowerobjective LightSourceprovideslight StageClipsholdslideinplaceonthestage

After School Discovery, P.O. Box 113, Ashtabula, OH 44005 440.993.1060 asd@afterschooldiscovery.com

UsingtheMicroscopeGeneralProcedures
HowDoYouCarryaMicroscope? Usetwohands,withoneholdingthearmandthe otherunderthebase;almostlike carryingafootball.Pleasebecarefultheyareexpensiveandwedontwanttodropthem! Definitions: Magnification(magnefekashen)n.1.theapparentenlargementofanobject2.the ratioof image size toactualsize.A magnification of100x means that the image is 1000timesbiggerthantheactualobjectbecauseofthe10xOcular. Resolution (rezelooshen) n. 1. clarity, sharpness 2. the ability of a microscope to showtwoveryclosepointsseparately.

Materials: Microscope Glassslide Coverslip Soil/watermixture Oil Lenspaper LabNotebook

Procedures: 1.Obtainaglassslideandacoverslip. 2.Placeaverysmallportionofthesoilwatermixtureontothecenteroftheslide.Themixtureshould onlybeasmalldrop.(about5mmindiameter;1/10thofaninch). 3. Cover the solution with the cover slip. Instead of just dropping the cover slip on the top, gently placeitfirstononeendthentheothertoremovetheairbubbles. 4.Leavetheslideonthetableandpluginyourmicroscope. 5.Fliptheswitchonthesideandturniton. 6.Nowputadropofoilonyourcoverslip. 7.Placetheslideonthestage,andmakesurethatthemetalclipsholdtheslidesecurely. 8.Adjustthelensfirstto10Xthento100X,ortooilimmersion(where100Xlensfirsttouchesoil). 9.GENTLY,turnthecoarseadjustmentknob(thelargeknob)TOWARDSyouuntilthelensreaches theoil.Theoilshouldchangefromabubbleshapetoaflatshapeoncethelenstouchesit. DONOTgrindthelensintothecoverslip. 10.Nowlookthroughtheeyepieceandrotatethefineadjustmentknob(thesmallerknob)untilthe viewbecomesclear. 11.Ifyouhaveproblemswillstep#10,turnthecoarseadjustmentknobAWAYfromyou,andrepeat steps#910. 12.Drawapictureoftheimagewithcaptionsinyourlaboratorynotebook. 13.Whenfinishedoperatingthemicroscope,gentlywipeoffthe100X(oilimmersion)lenswithlens paper.(Useonlylenspapersinceothermaterialwillscratchthelens). 14.Safelystorethemicroscope.

After School Discovery, P.O. Box 113, Ashtabula, OH 44005 440.993.1060 asd@afterschooldiscovery.com

UsingtheMicroscopeWetMountsandStainingaSlide
HowtoMakeaWetMount: 1.Gatherathinsliceofyourspecimen.Ifthespecimenistoothick,thenthecoverslipwillwobbleon topofthesamplelikeaseesaw: 2.PlaceONEdropofwaterdirectlyoverthespecimen.Ifyouputtoomuchwateroverthespecimen, thenthecoverslipwillfloatontopofthewater,makingithardertodrawthespecimen. 3.Placethecoverslipata45degreeangle(approximately),withoneedgetouchingthewaterdrop, andthenletgo.

HowtoStainaSlide: 1.PlaceonedropofMethyleneBluestainononeedgeofthecoverslip,andtheflatedgeofapieceof papertowelontheotheredge.Thepapertowelwilldrawthewaterunderthecoverslip,anddraw thestainunderneath.

2. As soon as the stain has covered the area containing the specimen you are finished. If the stain does not cover the area needed, get a new piece of paper towel and add more stain. 3.Besuretowipeofftheexcessstainwithapapertowel,soyoudontendupstainingtheobjective lenses. 4. You are now ready to place the slide on the microscope stage. Be sure to follow the general instructionsonthepreviouspageonhowtoproperlyusethemicroscope. 5. When you have completed your drawings, be sure to wash and dry both the slide and the coverslipandreturnthemtothecorrectplaces!

After School Discovery, P.O. Box 113, Ashtabula, OH 44005 440.993.1060 asd@afterschooldiscovery.com

UsingtheMicroscopeTestYourKnowledge
Whatisthedifferencebetweenresolutionandmagnification?

Howdoyousafelycarryamicroscope?

LabelthePartsofthe Microscope. arm base bodytube coarsefocusknob diaphragm finefocusknob highpowerobjectivelens lightsource lowpowerobjectivelens nosepiece ocular(eyepiece) stage stageclips

WhatdothePartsDo? ____Wheretheslideisplaced ____Usedtofocuswhenusingthelowpowerobjective ____Magnifythespecimen ____Supportsupperpartsofthemicroscope, usedtocarrymicroscope ____Usedtofocuswhenusingthehighpowerobjective ____Thelensyoulookthrough,magnifiesthespecimen ____Supportsthemicroscope

1.LowPowerObjectiveLensand HighPowerObjectiveLens 2.Stage 3.CourseFocusKnob 4.Arm 5.FineFocusKnob 6.Ocular(eyepiece) 7.Base