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Zero and Negative Exponents
Zero and Negative Exponents
3) Rewrite expressions so that exponents are positive. 4) Apply the multiplication properties of exponents to problems involving zero exponents and negative exponents.
!a
m n
m
my n
By applying the product of powers property to the following example, we find that:
3 y3 37
3 y3 !3 !3
0 7 7
37 0 3 !1
We can then divide both sides of the equation by 37 to determine the value of 30
a ! 1, a { 0
A.
7
B. 4 y 4
2
C. 2 y 5
3 D. 8
0 3
E. 0
Solutions
A. 1
B. 4 y 4
2
!4 !1
C. 2 y 5 ! 1 y 125 ! 125
D. 1
E. 0
is undefined.
By applying the product of powers property to the following example, we find that:
a ya a ya an a
a
-n
n n
!1 ! ! 1 an 1
n
a ya
n
!a !a !1
n ( n) 0
n
a is the reciprocal
n
n
We can then divide both sides of the equation by an to determine the value of a-n
of a :
a 1 ! n, a a{ 0
A. 3
2
B.
1 4
-3
A. 5 x
A. 5 x
4
4
B.
1 x4
-3
Solutions
b -5
A. 3
2
! 5y ! 5 x4
B.
32 1 ! 9
4 3
!4
B.
a 3 b 5
! !
1 a3 b5 a3
y b5
! 64
3 A. - 5
B.
3 2
3
C. 9
4
y9
D.
2 2
E.
1 3 2
y 12 0
A. y
6
B. 7c
4
2s 3 C. 2 r
D. ( 5 a )
3
E.
3x
1 4
3 A. ! 1 5
D.
4
! 4
2 2
2 y 2 4
3 B. 3 ! 3 y 2 3 2 ! 3y 8 ! 24
!4
! 256 1 E. 2 y 12 0 ! 3 2 y 1 3 ! 9
C. 9
4
y9 !9
4 7
! 93 ! 243
A. y
6
1 y
6
D.
5 a
3
5 a
B. 7c 4
1 ! 7y 4 c 7 ! 4 c
1 ! 125 a 3
E. 3x
1 4
! 3 4 y x 1y 4 1 ! 4 y x4 3 x4 ! 81
C.
2s r
2
! 2s y r ! 2s r
3 2