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Mechanism Of Breathing
Air move to smaller tracheole

Mechanism Of Air Passange

spiracle

Mechanism Of Air Passange Mechanism Of Air Passange

Mechanism Of Breathing

trachea tracheole

Mechanism of breathing
inspiration inspiration expiration
Air move to smaller tracheole Forcing air out Taking air into lung

Air sac

expiration
Air enter trachea Tracheole lead air to cell

Gaseous exchange occur Air pressure in lung increase to higher than atmospheric pressure pressure Air pressure in lung decrease to below atmospheric pressurepressure Diaphragm muscles contact ,moves to dome shape and become flattened

lung s volume increase Diaphragm muscles relax ,moves upward and return to dome shape lung s volume decrease External intercostal musle contact,the internal intercostal muscle relax Ribcage move upward and outward Ribcage move downward and inward Mouth Thoracic cavity volume decrease alveoli Thoracic cavity volume increase Air from atmospheric pressure move in Air from thoracic cavity move out larynx pharynx Bronchi Bronchioles Nasal cavity trachea Internal intercostal muscle contact, the external intercostal relax

Gaseous exchange take part

Operculum opened Mouth closed features

Water flow across the gill Water move out

Mouth opened

mouth gill operculum Gill arc

Gill filament

Water is drawn in Operculum closed Water run through gill Gaseous exchange occur

Gill racker lamellae

Gaseous exchange Diffusion Carbon dioxide oxygen

Thin cell wall At the end of branch Moist interface features

Animal Respiration
Moist surface structure Rich of blood capillary features

aquatic

terrestrial

Moist surface structure Rich of blood capillary Thin cell wall Larger surface area

Larger surface area

Thin cell wall