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Care For The Child Under Photo Therapy
Care For The Child Under Photo Therapy
Phototherapy
Out lines
Factors Affecting On Efficacy of phototherapy Side Effects of Phototherapy. Nursing Care for Infant Receiving Phototherapy.
Care for the infant under phototherapy
Objectives:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Define phototherapy List causes of jaundice Identify history of phototherapy List Indication of phototherapy Understand the mechanism of phototherapy List the benefits of phototherapy Identify the factors affecting on efficacy of phototherapy Enumerate the side effects of phototherapy Apply the nursing care for infant s receiving phototherapy
What is phototherapy? Phototherapy (light therapy) is a way of treating jaundice. Special lights help break down the bilirubin in your baby's skin so that it can be removed from his or her body. This lowers the bilirubin level in your baby's blood.
Care for the infant under phototherapy
What is phototherapy? Application of fluorescent light to the infant s exposed skin used to breakdown the bilirubin in the skin
Indication of phototherapy
Treatment of Hyperbilirubinemia The phototherapy will help the liver to process bilirubin, bringing your baby's level down to normal Prevent Kernicturus
Causes of Jaundice
Breast-feeding jaundice: Breast-feeding jaundice may occur when your baby does not drink enough breast milk. It occurs in 5% to 10% of newborns. The jaundice symptoms are similar to those of physiological jaundice, just more pronounced. The jaundice indicates a need for help with breast-feeding
Causes of Jaundice
Physiological jaundiceThis is the most common cause of newborn jaundice and occurs in more than 50% of babies. Because the baby has an immature liver, bilirubin is processed slower. The jaundice first appears at 2 to 3 days of age. It usually disappears by 1 to 2 weeks of age, and the levels of bilirubin are harmless
Care for the infant under phototherapy
Causes of jaundice
Breast-milk jaundice Breast-milk jaundice occurs in 1% to 2% of breast-fed babies. It is caused by a special substance that some mothers produce in their milk. This substance causes your baby's intestine to absorb more bilirubin back into his body than normal. This type of jaundice starts at 4 to 7 days of age. It may last 3 to 10 weeks. It is not harmful.
Causes of Jaundice
Blood group incompatibility (Rh or ABO problems If a baby and mother have different blood types, sometimes the mother produces antibodies that destroy the newborn's red blood cells. This causes a sudden buildup of bilirubin in the baby's blood. Rh problems formerly caused the most severe form of jaundice. However, they are now preventable if the mother is given an injection of Rho GAM within 72 hours after delivery. This prevents her from forming antibodies that might endanger other babies she has in the future
Care for the infant under phototherapy
History of PHOTOTHERAPY
History of PHOTOTHERAPY
The use of phototherapy was first discovered, accidentally, at Rochford Hospital in Essex, England. The ward sister (Charge Nurse) of the premature baby unit
Mechanism of action
Bilirubin is a naturally occurring molecule of the red blood cells. It is released into the bloodstream when the red blood cells break down. This is normal and occurs often. Our livers break down the bilirubin and it is excreted.
Mechanism of action-Continue
Phototherapy (light treatment) is the process of using light to eliminate bilirubin in the blood. Your baby's skin and blood absorb these light waves. These light waves are absorbed by your baby's skin and blood and change bilirubin into products, which can pass through their system.
Mechanism of action-Continue
wavelength of 420-448 nm, oxidized the bilirubin to biliverdin, a soluble product that does not contribute to kernicterus
Mechanism of action
The phototherapy will help the liver to process bilirubin, bringing your baby's level down to normal The light waves convert the bilirubin to water soluble nontoxic forms which are then easily excreted. Every attempt should be made to find out the cause of jaundice. The advantages of phototherapy are that it is noninvasive, effective, inexpensive and easy to use.
Care for the infant under phototherapy
MECHANISM OF WORKING
Nursing Care for Infant Receiving Phototherapy During phototherapy, the bilirubin level in your baby s blood will be checked at least once every day. Phototherapy is stopped when the bilirubin level decreases.
Care for the infant under phototherapy
Serum bilirubin is monitored at least every 12 hours. Phototherapy is discontinued if two serum bilirubin values are < 10 mg/dl.
Care for the infant under phototherapy
Nursing Care for Infant Receiving Phototherapy Cont Promoting infant parent interaction.