Tuan: 7 Tiet : 16 Ngay day: 21 10 06.

CHNG II: ONG LC HOC CHAT IEM

BAI 9: TONG HP VA PHAN TCH LC IEU KIEN CAN BANG CUA CHAT IEM
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c khai niem ay u ve lc va tac dung cua 2 lc can bang len mot vat da vao khai niem gia toc. - Phat bieu c nh ngha tong hp lc, phan tch lc va qui tac hnh bnh hanh. - Biet c ieu kien e co the ap dung phan tch lc. - Viet c bieu thc toan hoc cua qui tac hnh bnh hanh. - Phat bieu oc ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem 2)Ve ky nang: - Biet cach phan tch ket qua th nghiem, bieu dien cac lc va rut ra qui tac hnh bnh hanh. - Van dung qui tac hnh bnh hanh e tmhp lc cua 2 lc ong qui hoac e phan tch mot lc thanh 2 lc ong qui theo cac phng cho trc. - Van dung giai mot so bai tap n gian ve tong hp lc va phan tch lc II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Dung cu th nghiem hnh 9.4 SGK. Hoc sinh: On lai kha niem ve lc, hai lc can bang, cac cong thc lng giac a hoc. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Hoat ong 1: a ra nh ngha ay u ve lc. Can bang lc. Hoat ong cua HS HS nhac lai. Tr giup cua GV Yeu cau HS nhac lai: Lc la g ? n v ? The nao la 2 lc can bang ? Tac dung cua 2 lc can bang ? Lc la ai lng vect hay vo hng ? Trng hp nao vat co a = 0, a 0 ? Khi vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc can bang th o ln gia toc cua vat ntn ? Hoan thanh yeu cau C1. Noi dung I.Lc. can bang lc: Lc la ai lng vect ac trng cho tac dung cua vat nay len vat khac maket qua la gay ra gia toc cho vat hoac lam cho vat bien dang. Cac lc can bang la cac lc khi tac dung ong thi vao mot vat th khong gay ra gia toc cho vat. ng thang mang vect lc goi la gia cua lc. n v cua lc la
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Vat ng yen hay chuyen ong thang eu. Gia toc cua vat bang 0. Tng HS tra li C1: - Tay tac dung lam cung bien dang. - Day cung tac dung

vao mui ten lam mui ten bay i. Tng HS tra l C2: Cac lc tac dung: trong lc P va lc cang day T . ay la 2 lc can bang, co tac dung lam qua cau ng yen.

niutn (N).

Hoan thanh yeu C2. Nhan xet ve lc o ? Tac dung cac lc o len qua ?

cau cac cua cau

Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu khai niem tong hp lc. Qui tac hnh bnh hanh. oc muc II.1 tra li cau Yeu cau HS oc SGK hoi cua GV. muc II.1 e tm hieu TN. Tong hp lc la g ? Hai canh va ng Trong hnh ve bieu cheo cua hnh bnh dien lc, hai lc F ,F2 1 hanh. va lc F ong vai tro g trong hnh bnh hanh ? Phat bieu qui tac hnh bnh hanh ? Cong thc tnh o Vuong goc: F = F12 + F22 ln cua lc tong quat: Cung phng, cung F2 = F12 + F22 + F1 F2 cos( 1 ,F2 ) F chieu : Trng hp 2 lc F = F1 + F2 vuong goc hoac cung Cung phng, ngc phng th cong thc co chieu : the viet nh the nao ? F = F1 - F2 (F1 > F2) Trng hp nao hp Hp lc co gia tr ln lc co o ln ln nhat khi 2 lc cung nhat ? nho nhat ? phng, cung chieu, nho Hoan thanh yeu nhat khi 2 lac cung cau C4. bieu dien hp phng, ngc chieu. lc cua 3 lc ong qui. Tng HS hoan thanh yeu cau C4. II.Tong hp lc: 1)nh ngha: Tong hp lc la thay the cac lc tac dung ong thi vao cung mot vat bang mot lc co tac dung giong het nh cac lc ay. Lc thay the goi la hp lc. 2)Qui tac hnh bnh hanh: Neu 2 lc ong qui lam thanh 2 canh cua mot hnh bnh hanh, th ng cheo ke t iem ong qui bieu dien hp lc cua chung.

Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem. Tng HS tra li. Nhac lai ket qua tac dung cua 1 lc ? Muon cho mot chat iem ng can bang cac lc tac dung phai co ng yen hoac ieu kien g ? chuyen ong Khi hp lc tac dung thang eu. bang 0 th vat co the III.ieu kien can bang cua chat iem. ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem la hp lc cua cac lc tac dung len no phai bang khong.
F = F + F2 + ...= 0 1
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nhng trang thai nao ?

Hoat ong4: Tm hieu khai niem phan tch lc: Can bang va F2
F 1

3 lc tao thanh hnh bnh hanh.

Co vo so cach phan tch lc F thanh 2 lc 3 ong qui theo qui tac hnh bnh hanh. Ghi nhan chu y.

TN lc F3 co vai tro g ? (e iem O khong thay oi v tr) T O hay ve cac lc can bang vi lc F ,F2 ? 1 Noi au mut cac lc F ,F2 va F . Co nhan 3 1 xet g ve ket qua thu c ? Viec thay the F3 bang F va F2 chnh la phan 1 tch lc F3 thanh 2 lc F 1 va F2 . Vay phan tch lc la g ? VD hng HS phan tch 1 lc thanh 2 lc theo 2 phng cho trc theo qui tac hnh bnh hanh. Co bao nhieu cach phan tch 1 lc thanh 2 lc ong qui theo qui tac hnh bnh hanh ? Tuy vay, e ung vi bai toan th ta ch co the chon 1 cach phan tch. V the phai biet lc co tac dung cu the theo 2 phng nao.

IV.Phan tch lc: Phan tch lc la thay the mot lc bang hai hay nhieu lc co tac dung giong het nh lc o. Cac lc thay the goi la cac lc thanh phan. Chu y: Phan tch lc cung tuan theo qui tac hnh bnh hanh. Tuy nhien ch khi biet mot lc co tac dung cu the theo 2 phng nao th mi phan tch lc o theo 2 phng ay.

Hoat ong 5: Van dung. Tng HS lam bai Yeu cau hoc sinh hoan 1).Cho 2 lc ong qui co o tap. thanh bai tap ln bang 9N va 12 N. a)Trong cac gia tr sau ay, gia tr nao la o ln cua hp lc ? A.1N B.2N C.15N D.25N b)Goc gia 2 lc ong qui
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la bao nhieu ? 2)at mot vat len mat phang nghieng 300. Phan tch trong lc tac dung len vat theo phng song song va vuong goc vi mat phang nghieng. Hoat ong 6: Cung co: - Nhac lai khai niem phan tch lc, tong hp lc va chu y khi phan tch lc. ieu kien can bang cua 1 chat iem. Hoat ong 7: Dan do: - Hoc bai , lam bai tap 6,7,8,9 SGK va SBT - On kien thc ve lc, can bang lc, trong lc, khoi lng quan tnh a hoc cap 2.

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Tuan: 8 Tiet : 17 Ngay day: 28 10 06.

BAI 10: BA NH LUAT NIU-TN

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha quan tnh, nh luat I va nh luat II Newton - nh ngha khoi lng va cac tnh chat cua khoi lng - Viet c cong thc cua nh luat I, nh luat II Newton va cong thc cua trong lc. - Nam c y nghia cua cac nh luat I va II Newton. 2)Ve ky nang: - Van dung nh luat I, nh luat II Newton, khai niem quan tnh va cach nh ngha khoi lng e giai thch mot so hien tng vat ly n gian. - Phan biet c khai niem: khoi lng, trong lng. P1 m1 = - Giai thch c: cung mot ni ta luon co: P2 m2 II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Cac v du co the dung nh luat I, II e giai thch nh: hien tng giu ao ma e noc ma vang ra khoi ao; sau khi ngng ap xe th xe van chay them mot oan ng na; ..qua bong bay ap vao tng th qua bong bat ngc tr lai con tng khong b dch chuyen. Hoc sinh: On lai khai niem ve khoi lng, can bang lc, quan tnh a hoc THCS. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: Lc la g ? Lc gay ra tac dung g oi vi vat b lc tac dung ? Lc co can thiet duy tr chuyen ong khong ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Gii thieu th nghiem lch s cua Galile. nh luat I Newton, van dung nh luat trong thc te. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung Yeu cau HS oc TN cua I.nh luat I Niu-tn: Galile. .Khi cho vien bi sau khi lan t mang nghieng xuong th lan tren mang nam ngang vi o nhan khac nhau th thay rang mat phang cang nhan th bi lan c cang xa. .Neu khong co ma sat va mang nam ngang th hon bi se chuyen ong nh the nao ? Tren mp nam ngang, neu khong co lc ma sat th hon bi chu tac dung cua nhng lc nao ? .Hai lc nay nh the 1)nh luat I Niu-tn: Neu khong chu nao ? (co ac iem g?
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Hon bi chuyen ong thang eu. .Lc hut cua Trai at va phan lc cua mat san. .La bang. 2 lc can

.ang ng yen se tiep tuc ng yen, ang chuyen

ong se tiep tuc Co can bang khong ?) chuyen ong thang Vat se trang thai eu. nao neu chu tac dung cua 2 lc can bang ? .Khai quat cac ket qua quan sat c, nha bac hoc Niutn a phat bieu thanh nh luat goi .HS cho v du minh la nh luat I Niutn. hoa.

tac dung cua lc nao hoac chu tac dung cua nhng lc co hp lc bang khong, th vat ang ng yen se tiep tuc ng yen, ang chuyen ong se tiep tuc chuyen ong thang eu.

.Neu v du minh hoa cho nh luat ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau bai tap 7. .Chuyen ong thang .Khong eu c noi en trong nh luat goi la chuyen 2)Quan tnh: Quan tnh la tnh ong theo quan tnh. chat cua moi vat co .Vay quan tnh la g ? xu hng bao toan ieu g chng to moi vat van toc ca ve hng eu co quan tnh ? va o ln. .Khi tac dung lc vao .Tra li cau hoi mot vat th vat co the C1 thay oi van toc mot .Lc khong phai cach ot ngot khong ? la nguyen nhan duy .Khong the thay oi tr chuyen ong, ma van toc mot cach ot la nguyen nhan gay ngot tc la no co xu ra gia toc tc gay ra hng bao toan van toc bien oi chuyen do moi vat eu co quan ong. tnh. .Yeu cau hoan thanh cau hoi C1. . Vay lc co phai la nguyen duy tr chuyen ong khong ? .Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu con ng hnh thanh va noi dung nh luat II Niu-tn. Van dung nh luat trong thc te. .nh luat I cho ta biet trang thai chuyen ong cua vat khi khong chu tac dung cua lc nao hoac chu yac dung cua cac lc co hp lc bang khong khi biet trang thai ban au cua vat. Neu hp lc tac dung len vat
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.T le thuan .T le nghch

khac khong th vat se trang thai nao ! V du: Khi ay cung 1 xe (cung khoi lng) lc ay cang ln th xe chuyen ong ntn ? Khi ay cung 1 lc nhng vi 2 xe co khoi lng khac nhau th 2 xe chuyen ong ntn ? .Gia toc vat thu c co quan he vi lc tac dung len vat nh the nao ? .Gia toc vat thu c co quan he nh the nao vi khoi lng cua vat ?

II.nh luat II Niu-tn: 1).nh luat II Niu-tn: Gia toc cua mot vat cung hng vi lc tac dung len vat. o ln cua gia toc t le thuan vi o ln cua lc va t le nghch vi khoi lng cua vat.
F a= hay F = ma m

Trong trng hp vat chu tac dung cua nhieu lc tac dung F1 , F2 , Fn , th F la hp lc cuacac lc o: .Lu y: vect gia toc F = F1 + F2 + ... + Fn luon cung hng vi vect hp lc ch khong phai luon cung hng vi vect van toc, do o phai tm hp lc trc khi ap dung cong thc:
F =m a

.Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu cac khai niem: khoi lng, mc quan tnh, trong lc, trong lng. lng va .Hoan thanh yeu .Hoan thanh yeu cau 2).Khoi mc quan tnh: cau C2. C2. .Gia toc nho hn .Neu vat co khoi lng ln th thu gia toc Van toc thay oi ntn ? cham hn. .Gia toc nho hn th .Mc quan tnh van toc thay oi ntn ? ln hn. .Xu hng bao toan a.nh ngha: van toc hay mc quan Khoi lng la ai tnh nh the nao ? .Co the dung khoi lng ac trng cho mc lng e so sanh mc quan tnh cua vat. b.Tnh chat cua .Tra li cau hoi quan tnh cua hai vat bat khoi lng: C3. ky. Khoi lng la mot ai lng vo hng, dng .Hoan thanh yeu cau va khong oi oi vi
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C3.

Nhac lai khai niem trong lc, ac iem cua trong lc ma em a hoc ? .Thong bao khai niem trong lc va dung cu o trong lng. .Phan biet trong lc va trong lng.

moi vat. Khoi lng co tnh chat cong. 3).Trong lc. Trong lng: a.nh ngha: Trong lc la lc cua Trai at tac dung vao cac vat, gay ra cho chung gia toc ri t do. Ky hieu: P
b.ac iem cua P : - iem at: tai trong tam cua vat Phng: thang ng - Chieu: t tren xuong - o ln: la trong lng cua vat, ky hieu P, c o bang lc ke.
P =m g

Hoan thanh yeu cau C4. Hoat ong 4: Tong ket bai hoc. - Cung co: nh luat I va II Niu-tn, khoi lng va mc quan tnh, trong lc va trong lng, phan biet trong lc va trong lng. - Dan do: Bai tap ve nha: 8,9,10 SGK trang 65.

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Tuan: 8 Tiet : 18 Ngay day: 28 10 06.

BAI 10: BA NH LUAT NIU-TN (tt)

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh luat III Niu-tn. - Phat bieu c ac iem cua lc va phan lc. - Viet c cong thc cua nh luat III Niu-tn - Nam c ya ngha cua nh luat III Niu-tn. 2)Ve ky nang: - Van dung nh luat I, II, III Newton e giai mot so bai tap co lien quan. - Phan biet c khai niem: lc, phan lc va phan biet cap lc nay vi cap lc can bang. - Ch ra c lc va phan lc trong cac v du cu the. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Cac v du co the dung nh luat I, II, III e giai thch nh: Hoc sinh: On lai kien thc ve hai lc can bang, qui tac tong hp hai lc ong qui. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: - Phat bieu noi dung nh luat I. Quan tnh la g ? neu nh ngha va tnh chat cua khoi lng. - Phat bieu va viet he thc cua nh luat II Niu-tn. Trong lng cua vat la g ? viet cong thc tnh trong lc tac dung len mot vat. 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm hieu s tng tac gia cac vat. Phat bieu nh luat III Hoat ong cua Tr giup cua GV Noi dung HS Khi anh tay len ban , III.nh luat III Niu-tn tc la tac dung len ban mot lc, ta co cam giac tay b au, ieu nay chng to ban cung tac dung len tay ta mot lc ? Lc nay co phng, chieu, o ln nh the nao ? .Neu cac v du ve s Do bi B tac dung tng tac gia cac vat, vao bi A mot lc phan tch e thay ca hai lam bi A thu gia toc vat eu thu thu gia toc va thay oi hoac b bien dang. chuyen ong. Cac .Vien bi A b thay oi bien oi xay ra van toc la do nguyen ong thi. nhan nao ? Cac bien .Bong tac dung oi o xay ra ntn ? (thi vao vt 1 lc lam gian xay ra), chng to vt b bien dang, ieu g ?
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ong thi vt cung tac dung .Qua bong va mat vao bong mot lc vt b bien dang do lam bong b bien nguyen nhan nao ? Cac dang bien oi o xay ra ntn ? (thi gian xay ra), chng to ieu g ? .Hai lc do A tac dung len B va B tac dung len La 2 lc co A co iem at, phng, cung gia, cung chieu, o ln ntn ? o ln nhng .Thong bao noi dung ngc chieu. nh luat III Niu-tn. Hai lc can .Hai lc ntn goi la 2 lc bang co cung trc oi ? iem at, 2 lc trc oi co iem at la 2 vat khac .Phan biet cap lc nhau. trac oi va cap lc cab Dau tr chng bang ? to hai lc nay ngc chieu nhau. .Tng HS cho v .Dau tr cho biet ieu du. g ? .Neu v du minh hoa ? hieu ac iem cua lc va Thong bao khai niem lc va phan lc. .Khi tay ta tac dung 1 lc len mat ban, tay ta cam thay au chng to mat ban cung tac dung lai tay 1 lc theo nh luat III Niu-tn. Lc mat ban tac dung len tay xuat hien va mat i khi nao ? Lc va phan lc co phng, chieu, o ln nh the nao ? .Lc va phan lc co cung at vao mot vat khong ?

1)nh luat: Trong moi trng hp, khi vat A tac dung len vat B mot lc, th vat B cung tac dung lai vat A mot lc. Hai lc nay co cung gia, cung o ln, nhng ngc chieu. FBA = FAB

.Hoat ong 2: Tm .Xuat hien va mat i cung luc vi lc tay ta tac dung len ban.

phan lc. 2).Lc va phan lc: .ac iem cua lc va phan lc: - Luon luon xuat hien hoac mat i ong thi.

.Cung phng, cung o ln nhng ngc chieu. .Lc va phan lc at vao 2 vat khac nhau. .Hoan thanh cau hoi C5.

- Co cung gia, cung o ln, nhng ngc chieu. Hai lc co ac iem nh vay goi la hai lc trc oi. - Lc va phan lc khong can bang nhau v chung at vao hai vat khac nhau.

.Hoan thanh yeu cau C5. .Hoat ong 3: Cung co - Van dung: - Nhac lai noi dung va y ngha cua 3 nh luat. Nhan manh nh co nh luat II va III ma chung ta co the xac nh khoi lng cua vat ma khong can can. Phng phap nay c ap dung e o khoi lng cac hat
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vi mo (electron, notron, ) cung nh cac hat sieu v mo (Mat Trang, Trai at, .) .Hoat ong 4: Tong ket bai hoc: - Nhan xet tiet hoc. - Bai tap ve nha: 11, 12, 13, 14 SGK va SBT. - oc muc: Co the em cha biet. - On lai kien thc ve s ri t do va trong lc.

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Tuan: 9 Tiet : 19 Ngay day: 31 10 06.

BAI TAP

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Cung co cac nh luat Newton, phep phan tch va tong hp lc, ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem vao giai mot so bai tap. 2)Ve ky nang: - Van dung nh luat nh luat II, III Newton, phep phan tch va tong hp lc, ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem vao giai mot so bai tap II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Hng dan trc phong phap giai cho HS. Giai trc bai tap. Hoc sinh: On lai kien thc ve nh luat II, III Newton, phep phan tch va tong hp lc, ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem ve hai lc can bang, qui tac tong hp hai lc ong qui. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: - Phat bieu va viet bieu thc cua nh luat III Newton. - Neu ac iem cua cap " lc va phan lc" 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Bai tap 10.14 trang 33 SBT Mot vat co khoi lng 2kg chuyen ong thang nhanh dan eu t trang thai ngh. Vat i c 80cm trong 0,5s. Gia toc cua vat va hp lc tac dung vao no la bao nhieu ? Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung e cho: khoi lng, .Tm gia toc cua Tom tat: van toc ban au, vat da vao nhng m = 2 kg quang ng i c ai lng nao ma s = 80 cm = 80.10-2 m= 0,8m t = 0,5s va thi gian chuyen e a cho ? ong. .T o hay tm a = ? cong thc trong cac F = ? Giai: cong thc co gia Gia toc ma vat thu c: toc na en a hoc co cha cac ai T s = 1 at2 a = 2s 2 .Tnh hp lc theo nh lng e cho. t2 2.0,8 1 6 , luat II Newton. .Khi tm c gia = = = 6,4 m/s2 2 0,25 0,5 toc, tnh hp lc tac Hoc sinh cac nhom dung bang cach nao Hp lc tac dung vao nhan xet, bo sung lan ? vat: nhau F = m.a = 2.6,4 = 12,8 N .Cho hoc sinh thao luan nhom, giai va trnh bay ket qua len bang. Bai tap 10.15 trang 33 SBT: Mot lc khong oi tac dung vao mot vat co khoi lng 5kg lam van toc cua no tang dan t 2m/s en 8m/s trong 3s. Hoi lc tac dung vao vat la bao nhieu ? .Tng nhom thao .Hng dan tng Tom tat: luan giai, trnh bay ket t bai tren. Cho hoc m = 5kg
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qua va nhan xet lan sinh t giai theo v0 = 2m/s nhau. nhom sau o trnh v1 = 8m/s bay ket qua. t = 3s F=? Giai: Gia toc cua vat thu c: v v 8 2 = 2 m/s2 Ta co : a = 1 0 = t 3 Lc tac dung vao vat: F = m.a = 5.2 = 10 N Bai tap 10.16 trang 34 SBT: Mot oto ang chay vi toc o 60 km/h th ngi lai xe ham phanh, xe i tiep c quang ng 50 m th dng lai. Hoi neu oto chay vi toc o 120km/h th quang ng i c t luc ham phanh en khi dng lai la bao nhieu ? Gia s lc ham trong hai trng hp bang nhau ? .Lc ham va khoi .Trong 2 trng hp Tom tat: lng xe khong oi. cua bai toan co g v0 = 60km/h s = 50m .Gia toc ma vat thu chung ? c giong nhau .Lc giong nhau, v = 0 tac dung len vat v0' = 120 km/h co khoi lng s' = ? Giai: nhau dan Cong thc lien he giong Do lc ham trong 2 trng gia gia toc, van toc en ai lng nao hp bang nhau nen gia toc giong nhau ? va ng i Bai toan khong xe thu c se bang nhau: a nhac en thi gian. = a' co: Vay dung cong Ta 2 thc nao co moi v0 = 2as lien he cac ai v,2 = 2a's' 0 lng e cho ? v,2 s' s.v,2 Thong thng 0 2 = s' = 20 trong cung bai toan v0 s v0 .Tng nhom thao xay ra 2 trng hp 2 luan, giai va trnh bay trong o co cac ai 120 = 50.4 = 200 m ket qua. lng khong oi = 50 hoac t le vi nhau 60 ta lap t so e n gian. .Hay lap t so va giai bai toan . (GV hng dan khi HS gap kho) 4.Cung co : nh luat II Newton, cac cong thc cua chuyen ong thang bien oi eu co the ap dung e tm gia toc, lu y trng hp nao s dung phng phap lap t so. 5.Dan do: - Xem lai cac bai tap a giai, lam tiep cac bai tap con lai trong SBT - On lai kien thc ve s ri t do va trong lc. - oc trc bai " Lc hap dan. nh luat van vat hap dan" - Noi dung chuan b: trang 13

Lc hap dan la g ? Noi dung cua nh luat hap dan ?

Tuan: 9 Tiet : 20 Ngay day: 3 11 06.

Bai 11:LC HAP DAN

NH LUAT VAN VAT HAP DAN

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Neu c khai niem ve lc hap dan va cac ac iem cua lc hap dan. - Phat bieu c nh luat van vat hap dan. - Viet c cong thc cua lc hap dan va gii han ap dung cong thc o. 2)Ve ky nang: - Dung kien thc ve lc hap dan e giai thch mot so hien tng lien quan. V du: s ri t do, chuyen ong cua cac hanh tinh, ve tinh, - Phan biet lc hap dan vi cac loai lc khac nh: lc ien, lc t, lc ma sat, lc an hoi, lc ay Acsimet, - Van dung cong thc cua lc hap dan e giai cac bai tap n gian II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Mo hnh chuyen ong cua Mat Trang, Trai at xung quanh Mat Tri. Hoc sinh: On lai kien thc ve s ri t do va trong lc. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: khong 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Phan tch cac hien tng vat ly, tm ra iem chung, xay dng khai niem ve lc hap dan. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung I.Lc hap dan: T tren xuong, Khi ri cac vat luon co Moi vat trong vu hng ve T. hng ntn ? tru eu hut nhau Do lc hut cua T ieu g khien cho cac vat vi mot lc, goi la ri ve pha T ? Theo nh luat III Khi T hut vat th vat co lc hap dan. Khac vi lc an Newton th vat se hut hut T khong ? hoi va lc ma sat lai T Lc ma T va vat hut .Khong nhau co cung ban chat la lc tiep xuc, lc vi cac lc ta a hoc hap dan la lc tac khong (lc ma sat, lc an dung t xa, qua khoang khong gian hoi, ) .e phan biet vi cac gia cac vat loai lc hut khac, Newton goi lc nay la lc hap dan.
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.Nh co lc hap dan no gi cho Trai at quay xung quanh Mat Tri, Mat Trang quay xung quanh Trai at. Cho HS xem mo hnh. .Hoat ong 2:Phat bieu va viet bieu thc cua nh luat van vat hap dan II.nh luat van vat hap dan: .Khoi lng 2 vat va .Yeu to nao anh 1)nh luat: Lc hap dan gia khoang cach gia hng en o ln cua hai chat iem bat ky chung. lc hap dan ? Thong bao noi dung t le thuan vi tch 2 2 2 khoi lng cua chung N.m /kg nh luat. va t le nghch vi n v cua G la g ? bnh phng khoang .Bieu dien lc hap dan cach gia chung. mm gia cac vat nh the Fhd = G 1 2 2 nao ? r GV hng dan HS cach m1, m2 : khoi lng 2 ve. chat iem r: khoang cach gia 2 chat iem G: hang so hap dan G = 6,67.10-11 N.m2/kg2. Thong bao pham vi ap dung cua nh luat. .Hoat ong 3: Xet trng hp rieng cua trong lc: III.Trong lc la trng hp rieng Trong lc la lc hut .Nhac lai khai niem cua lc hap dan: Trong lc cua mot cua T tac dung len va bieu thc cua vat la lc hap dan vat: P = mg trong lc ? Theo Newton th trong gia Trai at va vat lc ma T tac dung o. iem at cua trong len mot vat la lc M .m hap dan gia T va lc goi la trong tam P = G 2 cua vat. vat o. (R + h) M Neu vat o cao h o ln trong lc (trong g= G 2 so vi mat at th lng): (R + h) M .m cong thc tnh lc hap M P=G g= G 2 (R + h)2 dan gia T va vat R m: khoi lng vat c viet ntn ? h: o cao cua vat Suy ra gia toc ri t do so vi mat at g=? M va R la khoi lng va ban knh cua .Neu h << R th g = ? Cong thc tnh g cho Trai at. thay gia toc ri t do Mat khac ta lai co: P = phu thuoc o cao h so mg
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M vi gia tr R. Co nhan g= G xet g ve gia toc ri t Suy ra: (R + h)2 do cua cac vat gan Neu vat gan mat mat at ? at (h << R) th: M g= G 2 R .Hoat ong 4: Cung co - Van dung: - Yeu cau HS nhac lai khai niem ve lc hap dan, nh luat van vat hap dan va viet bieu thc tnh lc hap dan, bieu thc tnh gia toc ri t do tong quat va cho cac vat gan mat at. - Van dung giai bai tap 4 va 6 trang 70 SGK. .Hoat ong 5: Tong ket bai hoc: - Giao vien nhan xet gi hoc. - Bai tap ve nha: 5,7 SGK va cac bai tap SBT. - oc muc "Em co biet ?" - On lai cach s dung lc ke e o lc - On lai khai niem: vat an hoi, bien dang an hoi, tnh chat an hoi, lc an hoi cua lo xo.

Tuan: 10 Tiet : 21 Ngay day: 7 11 06.

Bai 12:LC AN HOI CUA LO XO

NH LUAT HOOKE
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Neu c cac ac iem ve lc an hoi cua lo xo,ac biet la iem at va hng. - Phat bieu va viet c cong thc cua nh luat Hooke, hieu ro y ngha cac ai lng co trong cong thc va n v cua cac ai lng o . - Neu c nhng ac iem ve lc cang cua day va lc phap tuyen cua hai be mat tiep xuc la hai trng hp ac biet cua lc an hoi 2.Ve ky nang: -Phat hien hng va iem at cua lc an hoi cua lo xo -Nhan xet c: lc an hoi co xu hng a lo xo tr ve trang thai ban au, khi cha bien dang -Bieu dien lc an hoi cua lo xo khi b dan va nen -T th nghiem phat hien ra moi quan he t le thuan gia o dan cua lo xo va o ln cua lc an hoi II.Chuan b: Giao vien: 1 lo xo, 3 qua can giong nhau, gia treo, thc o. Hoc sinh: On lai khai niem ve vat an hoi, bien dang an hoi, tnh chat an hoi, lc an hoi cua lo xo III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: HS1: Phat bieu nh luat van vat hap dan va viet he thc cua lc hap dan HS2: Tai sao gia toc ri t do va trong lng cua vat cang len cao cang giam trang 16

3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Nhac lai khai niem ve lc an hoi cua lo xo. Xac nh hng va iem at cua lc an hoi. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung Dung hai tay keo dan mot lo xo. .Lc keo .Lo xo chu tac dung cua lc nao? .Lc an hoi cua lo .Lo xo co tac dung xo lc nao vao hai tay khong? Lc g? .Vay khi mot vat b bien dang th vat xuat hien mot lc goi la lc an hoi.Sau ay, ta se nghien cu ac iem cua no T TN , ta thay lc I.Hng va iem at an hoi co xu cua lc an hoi cua lo xo: hng the nao? 1.iem at: Lc an hoi cua lo No xuat hien v xo xuat hien hai au tr nao cua lo xo va cua lo xo va tac dung vao cac vat tiep xuc hng ra sao? hoac gan vi no lam no bien dang. 2.Hng: Ngc vi hng cua ngoai lc gay bien dang: -Khi b dan, lc an hoi hng theo truc vao pha trong -Khi b nen, lc an hoi hng theo truc ra ngoai

.Co xu hng lam lo xo lay lai hnh dang va kch thc ban au hoac giam o bien dang. .Lc an hoi xuat hien hai au lo xo, co hng sao cho chong lai s bien dang

Hoat ong 2: Th nghiem tm hieu moi quan he gia o dan cua lo xo va o ln lc an hoi II.o ln cua lc an hoi cua lo xo. nh luat Hooke: 1.Th nghiem: - Muc ch: tm hieu Vi muc ch TN o moi quan he gia o th can nhng dung dan cua lo xo va o ln cu g? Phng an e cua lc an hoi. Lo xo va vat nang e tien hanh nh the
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xuat hien lc an hoi nao? va o dan, thc e o o dan - Dung cu: 1 lo xo, 3 qua can giong nhau, 1 gia treo, 1 thc o - Phng an va tien hanh: + o lo khi cha treo qua can + o l khi treo lan lt 1,2,3 qua can - Ket qua: Khi qua can ng yen : F=P = mg o dan: l= l-lo Lap bang: - Nhan xet: F t le thuan vi l 2. Gii han an hoi cua lo xo: Neu trong lng qua can vt qua mot gia tr xac nh th khi thao qua can ra, lo xo khong co c ve chieu dai ban au, gia tr ay goi la gii han an hoi cua lo xo Hoat ong 3: Phat bieu noi dung nh luat Hooke .Thong bao ket qua 3.nh luat Hooke: nghien cu cua nha Trong gii han vat ly Robert Hookes an hoi, o ln cua lc an hoi cua lo xo t le thuan vi o bien dang cua lo xo l Fh= k Vi Fh: lc an hoi .N/m .Da vao bieu thc cua lo xo(N) k: o cng (hay he .HS co the tra li: ,cho biet n v cua k? so an hoi) cua lo -Do l luon dng .V sao l co tr tuyet xo(N/m) -Do l< lo oi? = l l 0 :o bien l dang(o dan hoac nen cua lo xo)(m) .So sanh lc an hoi 4.Chu y: .Lc an hoi cua cua lo xo va lc an - oi vi day cao day cao su, day thep hoi cua day cao su,
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ch xuat hien khi day thep? chung b keo dan con lc an hoi cua lo xo xuat hien ca luc nen va dan

su, day thep, khi b keo, lc an hoi goi la lc cang - oi vi cac mat tiep xuc b bien dang khi ep vao nhau, lc an hoi co phng vong goc vi mat tiep xuc

Hoat ong 4: Cung co, van dung: - GV yeu cau HS nhac lai khai niem ve lc an hoi, nh luat Hooke - Nhan xet ve hng va iem at cua lc cang? - Co hng va iem at giong nh lc an hoi cua lo xo khi b keo dan Hoat ong 5:Dan do: - Hoc bai, lam bai tap ve nha:3,4,5,6 trang 74 trong SGK - oc muc "Em co biet?" SGK - On lai khai niem ve lc ma sat, cac loai lc ma sat, vai tro, tac hai cua lc ma sat va cach lam tang, giam ma sat trong thc te.

Tuan: 11 Tiet : 22

Bai 13:LC MA SAT

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Nam c ac iem cua lc ma sat trt, lc ma sat lan va lc ma sat ngh. - Viet c cong thc cua lc ma sat trt - Neu c y ngha cua lc ma sat trt trong i song va k thuat 2)Ve ky nang: - Van dung cong thc ve cac loai lc ma sat e giai thch mot so hien tng trong thc te, ac biet la vai tro cua lc ma sat ngh trong viec i lai cua ngi,ong vat va cac loai phng tien giao thong. - Van dung cong thc tnh lc ma sat trt e giai mot so bai tap n gian - Neu c v du ve s co li, co haicua ma sat trong thc te va cach lam tang, giam ma sat trong cac trng hp o trang 19

- Biet c cac bc cua phng phap thc nghiem,t viec neu gia thuyet, kiem tra gia thuyet en ket luan II.Chuan b: Giao vien: mieng go, lc ke Hoc sinh: On lai khai niem ve lc ma sat,cac loai lc ma sat,vai tro, tac hai cua lc ma sat va cach lam tang, giam ma sat trong thc te. III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: HS1: Neu nhng ac iem cua lc an hoi cua lo xo, day thep. HS2: Phat bieu nh luat Hooke , viet bieu thc va cho biet cac ai lng trong cong thc o. 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Nhac lai kien thc cu. Nhan thc van e cua bai hoc: Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung .Co cac loai lc ma .Co nhng loai lc ma sat: ma sat trt, ma sat nao ? Cac lc o sat lan, ma sat ngh. xuat hien au, khi Xuat hien mat tiep nao ? xuc. .Lc ma sat co xu hng can lai chuyen ong nen no co chieu ngc vi chieu chuyen ong va co phng song song vi .Tuy trng hp cu mat tiep xuc. the. Lc ma sat va .Lc ma sat co li hay co li va co hai. co hai ? .Tang hoac giam o nham, boi trn. .Co the lam tang hoac giam ma sat bang cach nao ? Hoat ong 2: Khao sat lc ma sat trt. .Ca nhan hoc sinh .o lc ma sat trt I.Lc ma sat trt: 1.nh ngha: Khi mot suy ngh tra li. bang cach nao ? Giai vat chuyen ong trt thch phng an a ra ? .Keo eu vat tren .Giao vien hng tren mot be mat, th be mat phang nam dan HS van dung nh mat tac dung len vat ngang luat II Niutn e giai mot lc can tr chuyen thch phng an th ong cua vat goi la lc ma sat trt. nghiem. 2.o ln cua lc ma .Hoc sinh thao luan Yeu cau hoan thanh sat trt: tra li cau hoi cua C1 - Khong phu thuoc giao vien Giao vien hng dan vao dien tch tiep xuc HS theo cac bc : va toc o cua vat. - Neu gia thuyet - T le vi o ln - Tm phng an th cua ap lc. nghiem e kiem tra - Phu thuoc vao vat .Thay oi dien tch gia thuyet. lieu va tnh trang cua tiep xuc cua cung - Rut ra ket luan. cua 2 mat tiep xuc. mot vat trang 20

.Thay oi ap lc cua vat len mat tiep xuc. .Thay oi vat lieu, ban chat cua mat tiep xuc.

.Lam cach nao e biet lc ma sat trt co phu thuoc vao dien tch tiep xuc hay khong ? .Phu thuoc vao ap lc ? 3.He so ma sat .Phu thuoc vat lieu, trt: tnh trang, ban chat - He so t le gia mat tiep xuc ? o ln cua lc ma sat .Giao vien thong bao trt va o ln cua ap he so ma sat trt. lc c goi la he so ma sat trt, ky hieu la t F t = mst N - He so ma sat trt phu thuoc vao vat lieu va tnh trang cua 2 mat tiep xuc va c dung e tnh o ln cua lc .o ln lc ma sat ma sat trt. trt c tnh bang Fmst = t.N cong thc nao ?

Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu khai niem lc ma sat lan: .Giao vien tien hanh II.Lc ma sat lan: - Xuat hien khi mot th nghiem keo vat trt va lan eu tren vat lan tren mat mot vat khac, e can lai o ln cua lc ma mat phang ngang. sat trt va ma sat Ch so lc ke trong 2 chuyen ong lan cua lan trng hp nay cho vat. - He so ma sat lan o ln lc ma sat biet eu g ? nho hn he so ma sat trt > o ln lc ma .So sanh o ln lc sat lan rat nhieu. ma sat lan va ma sat trt hang chuc lan. Do o khi can giam ma sat .Do 2 vat co cung trt ? ap lc he so ma .So sanh he so ma ngi ta thay ma sat trt sat trt ln hn he sat lan va ma sat bang ma sat lan bang cac o bi. so ma sat lan. trt ? Thay ma sat trt bang ma sat lan. Khi ma sat la co hai (thay bang o bi) co the giam ma sat bang cach nao ? Hoat ong 4: Nghien cu ac iem, vai tro cua lc ma sat ngh. .GV lam th nghiem III.Lc ma sat ngh. 1.nh ngha: keo vat nhng vat cha Lc ma sat con co chuyen ong, tc vat .Hp cac lc tac ang trang thai can the xuat hien mat tiep xuc ca khi vat dung phai bang bang. khong. .Nhac lai ieu kien ng yen goi la lc ma
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.Chng to co lc ma can bang cua chat sat ngh. sat can bang vi lc iem ? keo. .Vat ang chu tac dung cua lc keo nhng 2.ac iem: van can bang, ieu - Lc ma sat ngh nay chng to ieu g ? .Lc ma sat ngh co luon luon can bang vi ngoai lc at vao vat ac iem g ? theo phng song song vi mat tiep xuc. - Lc ma sat ngh co o ln lc cc ai. .Giup ta cam nam 3.Vai tro cua lc ma c cac vat trong tay, sat ngh: .Neu cac li ch cua - Giup ta cam nam ma sat ngh ? c o vat tren tay, inh c gi lai tng, - ong vai tro la lc phat ong. Hoat ong 5: Tong ket bai hoc: .Cung co: Nhac lai cac ac iem cua 3 loai lc ma sat, cog thc tnh lc ma sat trt va mot so bien phap nham lam tang, giam ma sat. Giao vien nhan xet tiet hoc. .Dan do: Bai tap ve nha: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 SGK va cac bai trong SBT Chuan b bai " Lc hng tam" nh ngha lc hng tam, cong thc tnh o ln lc hng tam ? The nao la chuyen dong li tam ?

Tuan: 12 Tiet : 23

Bai 14:LC HNG TAM

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha va viet c bieu thc tnh lc hng tam
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- Nhan biet c chuyen ong li tam, neu c mot vai v du ve chuyen ong li tam la co li hoac co hai 2)Ve ky nang: - Giai thch c vai tro cua lc hng tam trong chuyen ong tron cua cac vat. - Ch ra c lc hng tam trong mot so trng hp n gian. - Giai thch c s chuyen ong vang ra khoi qu ao tron cua mot so vat. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Mot vai hnh ve mieu ta tac dung cua lc hng tam. - Mot vat nang buoc chat vao au mot si day. - Mot a quay at nam ngang mot vat nang e at len tren a quay o. Hoc sinh: - On lai kien thc ve nh luat II, III Niu tn, chuyen ong tron eu va lc hng tam III.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: 2)Kiem tra: Lc ma sat trt, xuat hien khi nao, co o ln phu thuoc vao nhng yeu to nao, c xac nh bang cong thc nao ? Ma sat co li hay co hai, cho v du ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Nhac lai kien thc cu. Nhan thc van e cua bai hoc: Hoat ong cua HS .La chuyen ong co quy ao la ng tron, co toc o trung bnh la nh nhau tren moi cung tron. .Gia toc trong chuyen ong tron eu co chieu luon hng vao tam cua qu ao. Tr giup cua GV .The nao la chuyen ong tron eu ? Noi dung

.Gia toc trong chuyen ong tron eu co ac iem nh the nao ? .T nh luat II Niutn, ta thay rang mot vat trong chuyen ong tron eu phai co mot hp lc tac dung len vat va hng vao tam vong tron. Vay hp lc o co ten goi la g ? c tnh bang cong thc nao ? .Hoat ong 2: Tiep thu lc hng tam va viet cong thc lc hng tam. GV lam TN vi vat I.Lc hng tam: nang buoc vao au 1)nh ngha:
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ve day. .Phai keo day ve pha nao e gi cho vat chuyen ong tron ? Khi buong tay th .Tng nhom trnh bay vat chuyen ong nh the nao ? len bang. .Hay trnh bay nh ngha lc hng tam va cong thc tnh o ln lc hng tam ? .Phai keo pha tam. day

Lc (hay hp cua cac lc) tac dung vao mot vat chuyen ong tron eu va gay ra cho vat gia toc hng tam goi la lc hng tam. 2)Cong thc:
Fht = maht = mv2 = m2r r

Hoat ong 3: Phan tch mot so v du ve lc hng tam. .Lc hap dan. .Lc nao gi cho ve tinh nhan tao co the bay c vong quanh Trai at ma khong b lech ra khoi qu ao ? 3)V du: a.Lc hap dan gia Trai at va ve tinh nhan tao ong vai tro la lc hng tam gi cho ve tinh chuyen ong tron eu quanh Trai at. b.Lc ma sat ngh ong vai tro la lc hng tam gi vat chuyen ong tron eu tren ban quay. c. nhng oan ng cong ngi ta lamnghieng e trong lc P cua vat va phan lc N cua mat ng co hp lc hng vao tam quy ao giup xe chuyen ong c de dang

.Co 4 lc: trong lc, phan lc, lc ma sat .Khi vat quay theo a ngh. Hp lc la lc ma th co cac lc nao tac sat ngh. dung len vat ? Hp lc tac dung len vat la .HS tm hp lc. Hp lc nao ? lc hng vao tam qu .Hay tm hp lc tac ao giup xe chuyen dung len o to ? Hp ong de dang. lc co ac iem g ? Co tac dung g ?

.Lc hng tam co phai la mot loai lc mi khong ? .Lc hng tam khong phai la mot loai lc mi ma la hp cua cac lc ta a biet : hap dan, ma sat, an hoi, Hoat ong 4: Tm hieu khai niem mi: Chuyen ong li tam .HS quan sat TN. .Giao vien lam lai .Tai v khi o lc ma th nghiem vi a quay: sat ngh cc ai khong .Tai sao khi a quay u ln e vai tro la nhanh th en mot luc lc hng tam. nao o vat b vang ra ngoai ? .Chuyen ong cua vat b vang ra goi la

II.Chuyen ong li tam: Khi lc ma sat ngh cc ai khong u ln e ong vai tro la lc hng tam can thiet (Fmsn(max) < m 2r) th vat se b trt ra xa tam quay, roi vang ra khoi trang 24

.HS thao luan nhom:

chuyen ong li tam. Cho HS thao luan trnh bay len bang .Chuyen ong li tam la co li hay co hai? .Cho mot vai ng dung lc li tam ma em biet. . Cho mot vai v du ve lc li tam co hai ma em biet. Han che bang cach nao ?

ban quay theo phng tiep tuyen vi qu ao, goi la chuyen ong li tam

Chuyen ong li tam co li co ng dung : may vat li tam, bm li tam, Chuyen ong li tam co hai, can phai tranh : xe chay qua oan ng cong phai han che toc o.

.Hoat ong 5: Cung co, dan do: .Cung co: khai niem lc hng tam, cong thc tnh lc hng tam va chuyen ong li tam .Van dung: 1)Lc nao sau ay co the la lc hng tam ? A.Lc ma sat B.Lc an hoi C.Lc hap dan D.Ca 3 lc tren 2)Bieu thc tnh lc hng tam: A.Fht = m 2r B.Fht = mg C.Fht = k| l| D.Fht = mg 3)Mot o to chuyen ong tren cung tron bang phang, ban knh 50m, he so ma sat ngh gia lop xe va mat ng la 0,2. Hoi xe chuyen ong vi van toc toi a bang bao nhieu e khoi b trt. Lay g = 10m/s2. .Dan do: - Lam bai tap trong SGK va SBT - Chuan b bai "bai toan ve chuyen ong nem ngang" - On lai cac kien thc ve chuyen ong thang bien oi eu va s ri t do, nh luat II Niu tn, he toa

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Tuan: 12 Tiet : 24

BAI TAP

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Nam c ac iem va cong thc tnh cua lc ma sat 2.Ve ky nang: - Bieu dien cac lc tac dung vao vat. - Ren luyen phep chieu cac vect II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Dan HS bai tap ve nha Hoc sinh: - Lam bai 7,8/83/SGK va13.4,13.6,13.7/SBT - Xem lai cach bieu dien cac lc III.Phng phap: gi m, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Phat bieu va viet cong thc cua lc hng tam 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Bai tap 1: 8/79/SGK Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung Tom tat: Khi vat CT tren san HS co the tra li: nha ta co c ieu g? a=0 P=890N - v khong oi t = 0,51 - a=0 F=? Giai Cac lc nao tac dung vao vat? P,N,F,Fmst Ap dung nh luat II Newtonta co: P + N + F + Fms = m a =0 (1) V co he so ma sat Tm F the nao, da -Chieu (1) len Oy: N - P trt nen tm F da vao vao au? =0 Fmst hay N = P = 890N Ma Fmst= t N =>Fmst=0,51.890=454( N) -Chieu (1) len Ox: F Fmst= 0 => F = Fmst=45(N) Vay khong the lam tu chuyen ong c t
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trang thai ngh Bai tap 2: 13.4/SBT Tom tat: v0 = 3,5 m/s = 0,3 s =? g = 9,8 m/s2 Giai Chon chieu chuyen ong la chieu dng: Ta co: -Fms = ma=> a= g Ma v2-v20 =2as => s =
v2 3,52 0 = = 2, m 1 2g 2.0,3.9.8

HS thao luan e giai

Cung co: -Tm cac lc tac dung vao vat, sau o ap dung nh luat II Newton -Tm moi quan he gia ai lng can tm va cac lc Dan do: - Chuan b cac bai tap ve lc hng tam, them cac bai 14.1 en 14.7 trong SBT

Tuan: 13 Tiet : 25
trang 27

Bai 15: BAI TOAN VE CHUYEN ONG NEM NGANG

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Hieu c khai niem chuyen ong nem ngang va neu c mot so ac iem chnh cua chuyen ong nem ngang - Hieu va dien at c cac khai niem phan tch chuyen ong,chuyen ong thanh phan, chuyen ong tong hp - Viet c cac phng trnh cua hai chuyen ong thanh phan cua chuyen ong nem ngang va neu c tnh chat cua moi chuyen ong thanh phan o - Viet c phng trnh quy ao cua chuyen ong nem ngang, cac cong thc tnh thi gian chuyen ong va tam nem xa 2.Ve ky nang: - Bc au biet dung phng phap toa oe khao sat nhng chuyen ong phc tap, cu the trong bai la chuyen ong nem ngang - Biet cach chon he toa o thch hp va biet cach phan tch chuyen ong nem ngangtrong he toa o o thanh cac chuyen ong thanh phan(bc au biet chieu cac vect len cac truc toa o), biet tong hp hai chuyen ong thanh phan thanh chuyen ong tong hp (chuyen ong thc cua vat) - Biet ap dung nh luat II Newton e lap cong thc cho cac chuyen ong thanh phan cua chuyen ong nem ngang - Biet suy ra dang quy ao t phng trnh quy ao cua vat - Ve c mot cach nh tnh quy ao cua mot vat nem ngang II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Hnh ve 15.1, 15.3, 15.4 phong to Hoc sinh: - On lai cac cong thc cua chuyen ong thang bien oi eu va s ri t do, nh luat II Newton, he toa o III.Phng phap: neu van e, gi m, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: khong 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Hoat ong 1: Nhan thc van e Tt giup cua GV at van e:chung ta chac han a at rat nhieu cau hoi lien quan ddeens chuyen ong nem nh: lam the nao nem bong vao trung ro? e sung chech mot goc .Da vao kinh bang bao nhieu e an nghiem ban than, HS trung ch? Hoat ong cua HS Noi dung

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co the tra li: - ng cong - ng thang

Chuyen ong nem thng co dang the nao?

.Khi nghien cu dang C nay, ngi ta thng dung phng phap toa o.C nem c chia thanh nem ngang va nem xien. Phng phap o se c nghien cu ngay sau ay. Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu C thanh phan cua C nem ngang .e phan tch C phc tap thanh cac C thanh phan n gian, ta phai tien hanh theo cac bc: - Chon he toa o thch hp, dung phep chieu C xuong cac truc toa o a chon - Nghien cu cac C thanh phan - Phoi hp cac li giai rieng re thanh li giai ay u cho C thc .a ra bai toan :khao sat C cua 1 vat nem ngang t O o cao h vi VTB la v0 voi sc can cua khong kh khong ang ke Nen chon he toa o the nao? V sao? Gi y: chon sao cho khi chieu, cac C thanh phan la mot trong nhng C ta a nghien cu I.Khao sat chuyen ong nem ngang:

Ca nhan tiep thu, ghi nhan y ngha va cac bc tien hanh cua phng phap toa o

Nen chon he toa o ecac v khi phan tch se c C theo phng ngang va phng thang ng

1.Chon he toa o: Chon he toa o ecac co: -Goc tai O -Ox hng theo v0 -Oy hng theo P 2.Phan tch chuyen ong nem ngang: C cua cac hnh chieu MX va My la cac C thanh phan cua M 3.Xac nh cac C thanh phan: Theo Ox: Mx C thang eu
trang 29

.Thao luan nhom: -Theo Ox: Fx = max = 0 => ax= 0 Yeu

cau

HS

hoan

v x = v0x = v0 ; thanh C1 x = v0t -Theo Oy: ri t do ay=g ; vy= v0y + gt = gt;

1 y = gt2 2

ax = 0 vx = vo x = vot Theo Oy: My ri t do ay = g vy = gt

y= 1 2 gt 2

Hoat ong 3: Xac nh C cua vat nem ngang e xac nh C II.Xac nh C cua thc cua vat ta phai vat: tong hp 2 C thanh phan bang cach nao? T x = v0t suy ra t Tm PT quy ao nh the 1.Dang cua quy ao: g 1 nao? y = 2 x2 va the vao PT y = gt2 Gi y: PT quy ao 2 2v0 la PT neu len s phu thuoc cua y vao x .Thay y = h vao 1 Hay xac nh thi 2.Thi gian chuyen y = gt2 gian ri cua vat? 2 ong: Gi y:khi vat cham 2h t= at th vat i het o Khong phu thuoc g cao h Nem cang manh th t co phu thuoc vat bay cang xa. vao v0 khong? 3.Tam nem xa: L = xmax = v0t = v0 v0 co vai tro g oi 2h 2h L = xmax = v0t = v0 vi C cua vat? g g Hay xac nh tam nem xa Hoat ong 4: Nghien cu th nghiem kiem chng . Dung bang phu III.Th nghiem kiem chng: hnh ve 15.3 va 15.4 - Bo tr th nghiem Tai cac thi iem nh hnh ve, cho thay: .Tai cac thi iem khac nhau th hai vien bi sau khi bua ap vao khac nhau, hai bi luon nhng o cao nh thanh thep, bi A chuyen ong nem ngang, con cung o cao the nao? bi B ri t do. - Ca hai eu cham at cung mot luc 1. Cung co: -Nhac lai cac ac iem cua chuyen ong nem ngang, ac biet la thi gian ri trong chuyen ong nem ngang bang thi gian ri t do cung o cao, khong phu thuoc vao van toc nem ngang 2. Dan do:
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- On lai quy tac hnh bnh hanh, ieu kien can bang cua mot chat iem - Xem bai mi:" Can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua hai lc va cua ba lc khong song song" va tra li cau hoi: + Cho biet trong tam cua mot so dang hnh hoc oi xng ? + Quy tac tong hp hai lc ong quy

Tuan: 14 Tiet : 27

Chng III: CAN BANG VA CHUYEN ONG CUA VAT RAN

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Bai 17: CAN BANG CUA MOT VAT CHU TAC DUNG CUA HAI LC VA CUA BA LC KHONG SONG SONG
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Neu c nh ngha cua vat ran va gia cua lc. - Phat bieu c qui tac tong hp cua hai lc co gia ong qui. - Phat bieu c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua hai lc va cua ba lc khong song song. - Neu c cach xac nh trong tam cua mot vat mong, phang bang phng phap thc nghiem. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c cac ieu kien can bang va qui tac tong hp hai lc co gia ong qui e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Cac TN theo hnh 17.1, 17.3, 17.4 SGK - Cac tam mong, phang Hoc sinh: - On lai: Qui tac hnh bnh hanh, ieu kien can bang cau mot chat iem. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, gi m, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Phng trnh qu ao, thi gian, tam xa cua chuyen ong nem ngang 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Hoat ong 1: nh ngha vat ran va gia cua lc: Tr giup cua GV Noi dung .Thong bao khai niem mi: - Gia cua lc : la ng thang mang vect lc. - Vat ran: la vat co kch thc ang ke va hau nh khong b bien dang di tac dung cua ngoai lc. Vi vat ran: do co kch thc ln nen cac lc tuy at vao cung mot vat nhng co the khong cung iem at. .Hoat ong 2: Tm ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua hai lc:
trang 32

Hoat ong cua HS .Tiep thu, ghi nh

.Nhan xet: Khi vat ng yen th phng 2 day cung nam tren mot ng thang. .Hai lc tac dung vao vat co cung o ln (2 trong lc bang nhau), co chieu ngc nhau. .HS phat bieu

. Vi vat ran th I.Can bang cua mot ieu kien can bang vat chu tac dung co g khac so vi chat cua hai lc: iem ? Trc tien xet trng hp vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc. .Gii thieu bo TN nh hnh 17.1 SGK. ac iem TN: - Ch xet tac dung cua 2 lc do 2 day tac dung, do o vat phai nhe e co the bo qua trong lng tac dung len vat. - Day co tac dung truyen lc va the hien gia cua lc. .Tien hanh TN. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1 ? .Nhan xet o ln, chieu cua 2 lc ? 1.ieu kien can bang: ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua hai lc la hai lc o phai cung gia, cung o ln va ngc chieu: F1 = F2

.Phat bieu ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc ? .Chnh xac hoa phat bieu cua HS .Hoat ong 3: Tm cach xac nh trong tam cua vat phang, mong co trong lng bang thc nghiem: 2.Cach xac nh .Trong tam la iem at cua trong lc trong tam cua mot phang mong cua vat. Vay trong vat tam vat c xac nh bang phng phap ntn ? Da vao ieu thc nghiem: - Trng hp vat .HS thao luan e kien can bang va phang, mong co dang tm phng an tien xet hay tm trong tam hanh . cua vat phang, bat ky: Treo vat 2 lan bang day manh vi mong ? .e tm iem at cac iem buoc day cua P , trc tien tm khac nhau, trong tam gia cua P tren vat, cua vat la giao iem iem at nam tren cua 2 ng thang ve gia nay (tren ng tren vat, cha day treo trong 2 lan treo o .Nhan xet: Trong trang 33

tam nam tam oi thang). Tm them - Trng hp vat xng cua vat. ng thang khac tren phang, mong co dang vat cung cha iem hnh hoc oi xg th .Tra li cau hoi C2 at cua P . Trong tam trong tam trung vi se la giao iem cua 2 tam oi xng cua vat. ng thang. .Tm trong tam cua cac tam ba co dang hnh hoc oi xng, nhan xet v tr nay co g ac biet ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 ? .Hoat ong 5: Tong ket bai hoc: .Cung co: ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc Cach xac nh trong tam cua vat phang mong bang thc nghiem. .Dan do: Chuan b phan con lai cua bai: Qui tac hp lc cua hai lc co gia ong qui ? ieu kien can bang cua vat chu tac dung cua 3 lc khong song song la g ?

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Tuan: 14 Tiet : 28 Ngay day: 28 11 06.

Bai 17: CAN BANG CUA MOT VAT CHU TAC DUNG CUA HAI LC VA CUA BA LC KHONG SONG SONG (tt)
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c qui tac tong hp cua hai lc co gia ong qui. - Phat bieu c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua hai lc va cua ba lc khong song song. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c cac ieu kien can bang va qui tac tong hp hai lc co gia ong qui e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Cac TN theo hnh 17.1, 17.3, 17.4 SGK - Cac tam mong, phang Hoc sinh: - On lai: Qui tac hnh bnh hanh, ieu kien can bang cau mot chat iem. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, gi m, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc. Cach xac nh trong tam cua vat mong phang 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 2 lc khong song song: Gii thieu bo TN nh hnh 17.6 SGK. .Cho biet o ln cua .Hai lc ke cho biet 2 lc cang g ? .Cho biet gia cua .Day doi qua trong trong lc tam cho biet g ? .Hoan thanh yeu .3 gia cua 3 lc nam cau C3 ? trong cung mot mat phang. .Dung bang phang e ve 3 lc len bang theo ung iem at va t le xch. .HS xac nh iem .Hay xac nh ong qui iem ong qui cua gia 3 lc ? .Cac lc co iem at khac nhau, vay II.Can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua ba lc khong song song:

1.Qui tac tong hp 2 lc co gia ong trang 35

qui: Muon tong hp 2 lc co gia ong qui trc het ta phai trt 2 vect lc o tren gia cua chung en iem ong .Ap dung tm hp qui, roi ap dung qui tac cua 2 lc hnh bnh hanh e tm .Hp cua 2 lc co hp lc. cung gia, ngc chieu 2.ieu kien can va cung o ln vi bang cua mot vat lc thc 3. Tc la hp chu tac dung cua 3 2 lc can bang vi lc lc khong song song: th 3 - Ba lc phai co gia .HS phat bieu. ong qui - Hp cua 2 lc phai .Phat bieu ieu can bang vi lc th kien can bang cua ba. vat chu tac dung cua 3 lc khong song song ? .Chnh xac hoa phat bieu cua HS. .Hoat ong 5: Tong ket bai hoc: .Cung co: ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 3 lc khong song song. Qui tac tong hp 2 lc co gia ong qui .Dan do: Hoc bai lam bai tap trong SGK va SBT Chuan b bai "Can bang cua mot vat co truc quay co nh. Momen lc" On tap kien thc ve on bay a c hoc THCS

lam the nao e tmhp cua 3 lc ? (GV gi y: oi vi vat ran tac dung cua lc khong oi khi lc trt tren gia cua no) .Phat bieu qui tac hp cua 2 lc co gia ong qui. .Yeu cau HS ap dung .Nhan xet moi quan he cua hp cua 2 lc va lc con lai ?

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Tuan: 15 Tiet : 29

Bai 18: CAN BANG CUA MOT VAT CO TRUC QUAY CO NH. MOMEN LC
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha va viet c bieu thc cua momen lc. - Phat bieu c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co truc quay co nh (hay qui tac momen lc). - Neu c cach xac nh trong tam cua mot vat mong, phang bang phng phap thc nghiem. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c khai niem momen lc va qui tac momen lc e giai thch mot so hien tng vat l thng gap trong i song va ky thuat cung nh e giai cac bai tap SGK va cac bai tap tng t . - Van dung c phng phap thc nghiem mc o n gian. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Bo TN nghien cu tac dung lam quay cua lc nh hnh 18.1 SGK: Hoc sinh: - On lai kien thc ve on bay a c hoc THCS III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Phng trnh qu ao, thi gian, tam xa cua chuyen ong nem ngang 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Hoat ong 1: Xet tac dung cua lc vi vat co truc quay co nh: Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV at van e: Ta a .Nhan thc van e biet khi tac dung len can nghien cu. vat mot vat co the lam thay oi van toc cua vat. Xet trng hp vat ch co the quay quanh mot truc co nh nh banh xe, canh ca, Vay khi o vat se chuyen ong nh .Quan sat, tra li the nao ? ieu kien e vat ng yen nh cau hoi cua GV. .Lam a quay theo the nao ? Gii thieu bo TN. chieu kim dong ho. .Neu phng an va .Lam a quay ngc tien hanh TN. chieu kim ong ho. F1 co tac .Lc .Khi vat co truc Noi dung

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quay co nh th lc co dung g ? tac dung lam quay vat. .Do tac dung lam F2 .Lc co tac quay cua hai lc nay dung g ? ngc chieu nhau, can .Vay khi nao lc co bang vi nhau. tac dung lam quay vat ?
.Ca hai lc F1 va F2 eu co tac dung lam quay. Hay giai thch v sao a ng yen ? .Vay vi nhng vat co
truc quay co nh th lc co tac dung lam quay. Vat can bang khi tac dung lam quay theo chieu kim ong ho cua lc nay bang tac dung lam quay ngc chieu kim ong ho cua lc kia.

.Hoat ong 2: Xay dng khai niem momen lc. .Ta i tm ai lng vat ly ac trng cho tac dung lam quay cua lc. .V du khi ta ay canh ca quay quanh ban le, so sanh 2 trng hp at tay 2 v tr gan va xa truc quay th trng hp nao ta cam thay nhe hn tc tac dung lam quay ln hn ? .Tac dung lam quay cua lc phu thuoc vao yeu to nao ? (co phu thuoc vao o ln cua lc va v tr gia cua lc khong ?) .Hay xac nh o ln cua lc va khoang cach t truc quay en gia cua lc va tm ai 1.Khai niem momen lng ac trng cho tac lc: Momen lc oi vi dung lam quay cua lc. mot truc quay la ai lng ac trng cho tac trang 38

.Trng hp tay at xa truc quay th ca quay de hn .Hoc sinh thao luan: .Phu thuoc vao o ln va gia cua lc. . F1 = 3F2 ; d2 = 3d1 F1d1 = F2d2 Tch cua lc va khoang cach t truc quay en gia cua lc ac trng cho tac dung lam quay cua lc. .Khi ch thay oi phng cua lc th a van van can bang. .Thay oi o ln va khoang cach t

truc quay en gia cua .Lam the nao e dung lam quay cua lc sao cho F1d1 = F2d2 th kiem tra d oan nay. va c o bang a van can bang. cua lc vi canh on cua no. M = F.d n v cua Mome .Khoang cach t truc quay en gia cua la Niutn met (N.m) lc goi la canh tay on. Lu y: canh tay on c xac nh la oan thang t truc quay en vuong goc vi gia cua lc. .a ra khai niem momen lc. Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu qui tac momen lc. .HS phat bieu. .T th nghiem ta a thay e vat can bang th tac dung lam quay theo chieu kim ong ho cua lc nay phai bang tac dung lam quay ngc chieu kim ong ho cua lc kia.Hay van dung khai niem momen lc e phat bieu ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co truc quay co nh ? .Lu y trng hp neu vat chu tac dung ong thi cua ba lc. Va trng hp vat khong co truc quay co nh nhng trong trng hp cu the vat co truc quay tc thi.

lc tch tay lc

2.ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co truc quay co nh (hay qui tac momen lc): Muon cho mot vat co truc quay co nh trang thai can bang th tong cac momen lc co xu hng lam vat quay theo chieu kim ong ho phai bang tong cac momen lc co xu hng lam vat quay ngc chieu kim ong ho. 3.Chu y: Quy tac momen lc con c ap dung cho ca trng hp mot vat khong co truc quay co nh neu nh trong mot trng hp cu the nao o vat xuat hien truc quay.

.Hoat ong 4: Cung co, dan do: .Cung co: - Khai niem momen, qui tac momen. Cach xac nh canh tay on (cho vai v du) - Hng dan nhanh cac bai tap trong SGK va SBT (Chu yeu xac nh truc quay va canh tay on, tnh chieu dai cua canh tay on) .Dan do: - Hoc bai, lam bai tap 3, 4, 5 SGK va SBT. trang 39

- Chuan b bai: " Qui tac hp lc song song cung chieu" - On lai phep chia trong va chia ngoai khoang cach gia hai iem.

Tuan: 16 Tiet : 30

Bai 19: CAN BANG CUA MOT VAT CHU TAC DUNG CUA 3 LC SONG SONG.QUY TAC HP LC SONG SONG CUNGCHIEU
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c qui tac tong hp hai lc song song cung chieu. - Phat bieu c c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua ba lc song song. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c cac qui tac va ieu kien can bang trong bai e giai cac bai tap SGK va cac bai tap tng t . - Van dung c phng phap thc nghiem mc o n gian. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Cac th nghiem theo hnh 19.1 va 19.2 SGK: Hoc sinh: - On lai phep chia trong va chia ngoai khoang cach gia hai iem III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Khai niem momen. ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co truc quay co nh la g ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: Hoat ong 1: Lam th nghiem ve trang thai can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua ba lc song song. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung .at van e: cho HS tm hp cua 2 lc ong qui, thay oi goc gia 2 trang 40

gia cua lc cho en khi 2 lc song song, luc nay khong the ap dung qui tac hbh e tm hp lc. Vay co qui tac nao giup ta tm hp cua 2 lc song song khong ? .Gii thieu bo th .Dung lc ke o nghiem, phng an TN trong lng P1 va P2. theo hnh 19.1, lu y .Xac nh khoang thc rat nhe nen co the bo qua trong lc cach: cua thc. d1 = OO1 ; d2 = OO2 F = P1 + P2 .Trc tien ta xac Do thc can bang nh hai lc tac dung oi vi truc quay O M1 bang cach nao ? = M2 .Lam TN, tm v tr moc lc ke e thc P1d1 = P2d2 nam ngang. oc ch so P1 d2 = cua lc ke. anh dau P2 d1 cac v tr O1, O2 va O3. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1. Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu qui tac hp lc song song cung chieu. .Hoc sinh thao luan.
.Tm lc P thay the cho hai lc P1 va P2 sao cho lc thay the co tac dung nh hai lc o. Lc thay the phai at au va co o ln bang bao nhieu ? Gi y: thay the hai lc .Khi P1 va P2 bi P th luc nay vat chu tac dung cua may lc ? . Lc P phai co tac dung giong nh tac dung cua P1 va P2 ngha la phai ntn ? .ieu kien can bang cua 2 lc ?

.Vat chu tac dung cua hai lc la lc keo cua lc ke va P

.Tac dung cua P phai lam cho thanh nam ngang (can bang) va lc ke phai ch gia tr nh luc au. .e thc can bang th hai lc nay phai cung gia, cung o ln va ngc chieu. .Vay P phai co . P phai at tai O va co o ln P = F hay o ln va iem at ntn ? P = P1 + P2. .Vay P co chieu, o ln va gia ntn ?

I.Qui tac hp lc song song cung chieu. 1.Quy tac: Hp cua hai lc song song cung chieu la mot lc song song, cung chieu va co o ln bang tong cac o ln cua hai lc ay. Gia cua hp lc chia khoang cach gia hai gia cua hai lc song song thanh nhng oan t le nghch vi o ln cau hai lc ay. F = F1 + F2 F1 d2 = (chia F2 d1 trong)

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. Hoan thanh yeu .Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 cau C2 ? Lu y : ve ung iem at va o dai theo ung t le xch. .Hs phat bieu. .Phat bieu qui tac hp lc song song cung .Hoan thanh yeu chieu ? cau C3 .Hoan thanh yeu cau C3 ? Lu y: Khi yeu cau phan tch mot lc thanh hai lc song song cung chieu (VD: BT 4, 5 SGK) th ay la phep lam ngc lai vi phep tong hp lc nen cung tuan theo qui tac tong hp hai lc song song .- Ba lc ong phang cung chieu. - Lc trong ngc .Hoan thanh yeu chieu vi 2 lc cau C4: Tm ieu kien ngoai. can bang cua mot - Hp cua 2 lc vat chu tac dung cua ngoai can bang vi ba lc song song cung lc trong. chieu ? Hng dan: Trong TN ban au thc chu tac dung cua may lc, thc ang trang thai can bang. Vay 3 lc nay co ac iem g ? Quan he cua lc trong v 2 lc ngoai ntn ?

2.Chu y:Khi phan tch mot lc F thanh 2 lc F1 va F2 song song va cung chieu th ay la phep lam ngc lai vi phep tong hp lc.

.Hoat ong 3: Cung co, dan do: .Cung co: - Qui tac tong hp 2 lc song song cung chieu. - ieu kien can bang cua mot vat chu tac dung cua 3 lc song song. - Van dung lam bai tap 3 SGK: gi y: Coi on ganh la vat chu tac dung cua hai lc song song cung chieu la trong lng cua thung gao va thung ngo (bo qua trong lng cua on ganh). e on ganh can bang th lc cua vai ngi phai can bang vi hp cua hai lc tc la phai at ung v tr cua hp lc. .Dan do: - Hoc bai, lam bai tap 4, 5, 6 SGK va bai tap trong SBT. - Chuan b bai : "Cac dang can bang. Can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e": - Co may dang can bang, ac iem cua tng dang ?
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- ieu kien can bang cua vat co mat chan e ? - On lai kien thc ve momen lc

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Tuan: 16 Tiet : 32

Bai 20: CAC DANG CAN BANG CAN BANG CUA MOT VAT CO MAT CHAN E
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phan biet c cac dang can bang: ben, khong ben va can bang phiem nh. - Phat bieu c c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e. 2.Ve ky nang: - Xac nh c dang can bang cua vat. - Xac nh c mat chan e cua mot vat at tren mot mat phang . - Van dung c ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e trong viec giai cac bai tap. - Biet cach lam tang mc vng vang cua can bang. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Cac th nghiem theo hnh 20.2, 20.3, 20.4 va 20.6 SGK: Hoc sinh: - On lai kien thc ve momen lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Phan biet ba dang can bang. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung at van e: Qua cac I.Cac dang bai hoc trc ta a bang: biet mot vat trang thai can bang khi ieu kien can bang c thoa man. Nhng lieu trang trang thai can bang cua cac vat khac nhau co giong nhau khong ? Trong bai nay ta se nghien cu e tm ra tnh chat khac nhau cua cac trang thai can bang hay cac dang can bang. .e thc 3 v tr can bang theo 3 hnh 20.2, 20.3 va 20.4 SGK. can

.Do ca 3 trng hp trong lc cua thc co gia i qua truc quay nen co momen bang khong, do

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o trong lc khong co tac dung lam quay thc nen thc trang thai can bang. .Khi b lech thc se quay ra xa v tr can bang. V khi b lech th trong tam co gia khong i qua truc quay, gay ra momen lam thc quay theo chieu ra xa v tr ban au.

.Giai thch tai sao thc ng yen ? (Ap dung qui tac momen e giai thch)

.La khi b lech khoi VTCB vat khong t tr ve v tr ban au. .Khi b lech thc se quay ve v tr can bang. V khi b lech th trong tam co gia khong i qua truc quay, gay ra momen lam thc quay theo chieu tr ve v tr ban au.

.Tr lai TN 20.2 neu cham nhe vao thc cho thc lech i mot 1.Can bang khong chut th hien tng xay ben: ra ntn, giai thch ? La can bang ma khi vat b lech ra khoi .Do tnh chat nay nen viec gi cho vat VTCB th vat khong t can bang rat kho, tr ve v tr ban au nen ta goi dang can bang nay la can bang khong ben. .The nao la can bang khong ben ? . TN 20.3 neu 2.Can bang ben: cham nhe vao thc La can bang ma cho thc lech i mot chut th hien tng xay khi vat b lech ra khoi VTCB th vat t quay ve ra ntn, giai thch ? v tr ban au

.Do tnh chat nay nen khong de lam cho .La khi b lech khoi thc lech khoi VTCB, VTCB vat t tr ve v nen ta goi dang can tr ban au. bang nay la can bang .Khi b lech thc ben. se tiep tuc ng yen .The nao la can v tr mi va gia bang ben ? cua trong lc luon i . TN 20.4 neu qua truc quay. cham nhe vao thc cho thc lech i mot chut th hien tng xay ra ntn, giai thch ? .Do vat ng yen .Khi b lech khoi tai moi v tr, nen ta goi VTCB vat luon ng dang can bang nay la yen v tr mi. can bang phiem nh. .The nao la can bang phiem nh ? .Hoat ong 2: Tm nguyen nhan gay nen khac nhau. .Nguyen nhan nao

3.Can bang phiem inh: La can bang ma khi vat b lech VTCB, th vat tiep tuc can bang v tr mi nay.

cac dang can bang

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.Do tac dung cua trong lc.

.Can bang khong ben: trong tam v tr cao nhat; can bang ben: trong tam v tr thap nhat; can bang phiem nh: trong tam v tr khong oi. Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e. .oc SGK, neu nh .Yeu cau HS oc ngha mat chan e. SGK e tm hieu khai niem mat chan e la g ? .V du: Cai coc at tren ban, ban, ghe .Hoan thanh yeu tren san nha: co mat cau C1. chan e la phan .Tai v tr 1, 2, 3 gia nao ? cua trong lc i qua .Hoan thanh yeu mat chan e, vat can cau C1 ? bang. Tai v tr 4 gia .Nhan xet v tr gia cua trong lc khong i cua trong lc so vi qua mat chan e, vat mat chan e trong moi b nga. trng hp ? .Gia cua trong lc phai i qua mat chan e. .Vay ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e la g ? II.Can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e: 1.Mat chan e: Mat chan e la hnh a giac loi nho nhat bao boc tat ca cac dien tch tiep xuc.

gay nen cac dang can bang khac nhau ? Gi y: Nguyen nhan lam vat quay ra xa hay tr ve v tr ban au la g ? .So sanh iem at cua trong lc hay trong tam cua vat cua vat trong 3 trng hp ?

2.ieu kien can bang: ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e la gia cua trong lc phai xuyen qua mat chan e (hay trong tam ri tren mat chan e). .Hoat ong 4: Nghien cu mc vng vang cua can bang. .Cac trang thai can bang khong ch khac nhau ve dang ma con khac nhau ve mc vng vang .Lan lt tac dung lc theo phng ngang cho en khi hop o. .Hay nhan xet tnh vng vang trong 3 trng hp da vao o

. v tr 3 lc tac dung nho nhat roi en v tr 2, 1. Do o mc vng vang nhat lan lt la v tr 1, 2, 3.

3.Mc vng vang

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.Phu thuoc vao o ln lc tac dung ? cao cua trong tam va dien tch mat chan e. .Mc vng vang phu thuoc vao cac .Ha thap v tr trong yeu to nao ?(So sanh tam va tang dien tch v tr trong tam va dien tch mat chan e) mat chan e. .Muon tang mc .O to chat hang cao vng vang cua can lam trong tam b nang cao. Khi i qua ng bang ta lam the nao ? nghieng lam mat chan .Hoan thanh yeu e b thu hep. Do o cau C2 ? gia cua trong tam i Gi y : chieu cao anh qua gan mep mat hng en v tr trong chan e nen o to de tam, khi xe qua ng b o. nghieng th cai g thay ay con lat at oi ? trong con lat at nang nen trong tam b phan ay co khoi ha thap, do o no kho lng rat ln so vi ri ra khoi mat chan phan con lai. e nen con lat at khong the o.

cua can bang. Mc vng vang cua can bang c xac nh bi o cao cua trong tam va dien tch cua mat chan e. Muon tang mc vng vang th ha thap trong tam va tang dien tch mat chan e.

.Hoat ong 5: Cung co, dan do: .Cung co: - Co 3 dang can bang: khong ben, ben va phiem nh, v tr trong tam cua tng dang. - ieu kien can bang cua mot vat co mat chan e. - Mc vng vang cua can bang. .Dan do: - Hoc bai, lam bai tap 4, 5, 6 SGK va bai tap tong SBT. - Chuan b bai: " Chuyen ong tnh tien cau vat ran. Chuyen ong quay cua vat ran quanh mot truc co nh" - On lai cac kien thc ve: van toc goc, nh luat II Niutn va momen lc.

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Tuan: 17 Tiet : 33

Bai 21: CHUYEN ONG TNH TIEN CUA VAT RAN CHUYEN ONG QUAY CUA VAT RAN QUANH MOT TRUC CO NH (tiet 1)
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha chuyen ong tnh tien va neu c v du minh hoa ve chuyen ong tnh tien thang va chuyen ong tnh tien cong. - Viet c cong thc nh luat II Niu-tn cho chuyen ong tnh tien. 2.Ve ky nang: - Ap dung c nh luat II Niu-tn cho chuyen ong tnh tien thang, giai c cac bai tap SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Th nghiem theo hnh 21.4 Hoc sinh: - On lai nh luat II Niu-tn, khai niem toc o goc va momen lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: The nao la can bang ben, khong ben, phiem nh V tr trong tam cua vat co vai tro g trong can bang ieu kien can bang cua vat co mat chan e ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Lam quen vi khai niem chuyen ong tnh tien cua vat ran. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Neu v du: chuyen ong cua ngan keo, chuyen ong ban ap xe ap khi ngi ang ap xe, chuyen ong cua van xe khi banh xe ang lan. Trong o chuyen ong cua ngan keo, ban ap la chuyen ong tnh tien. .The nao la chuyen ong tnh tien ? Gv thong bao khai niem chuyen ong tnh tien cua vat ran. .Neu v du ve chuyen ong tnh tien ? Noi dung I.Chuyen ong tnh tien cua mot vat ran: 1.nh ngha:

Hs tr li.

Chuyen ong tnh tien cua mot vat ran la chuyen ong trong o ng noi hai iem bat ky cua vat luon luon song song vi chnh no.

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. Chuyen ong tnh tien co hai loai: chuyen ong tnh tien cong (ban ap) va chuyen ong tnh tien thang (ngan keo). .Phan biet 2 loai chuyen ong tnh tien ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1 ? .Hoat ong 2: Xac nh gia toc cua chuyen ong tnh tien. Cac iem tren vat .Nhan xet tnh chat chuyen ong nh nhau. chuyen ong cua cac iem tren vat chuyen Cac iem co gia toc ong tnh tien ? bang nhau. .Gia toc cua cac F iem ntn ? a= m .Do o ta ch can xet chuyen ong mot iem tren vat va co the coi vat nh mot chat iem. Theo nh luat II Niu-tn gia toc cua vat c tnh ntn ? .Hoat ong 3: Van dung. 2.Gia chuyen tien: toc ong cua tnh

trong o F = F1 + F2 + ...la hp cua tat ca cac lc tac dung vao vat, m la khoi lng cua vat.

F a= hay F = ma m

. Chuyen ong cua vat la chuyen ong tnh tien thang, co the coi nh chat iem. . Cac lc tac dung: P , N , F , Fm t . s .Ap dung nh luat II: P + N + F + Fm t = s m a (1) .Chon truc Ox hng theo lc F , truc Oy hng theo lc N Chieu (1) len Oy: N - P

Bai tap 5 trang114 .Yeu cau tng HS SGK: giai. Sau o 1 HS len Tom tat: trnh bay bang. m = 40 kg F = 200 N t = 0,25 g = 10m/s2 a) a=? b) v1 = ? t1 = 3s c) s1 = ? . Gi y: Giai: - Xet chuyen ong cua vat co phai la chuyen ong tnh tien khong ? - Xac nh cac lc tac dung, bieu dien Cac lc tac dung: P , tren hnh. - Viet bieu thc nh N , F , Fm t . s luat II Niu-tn cho vat. Ap dung nh luat II: - Chon truc toa o. P + N + F + Fmt = s - Chieu phng trnh m a (1) vect va viet len cac Chon truc Ox hng truc toa o e tm cac theo lc F , truc Oy
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=0 ai lng cha biet theo hng theo lc N moi lien he v cac ai Chieu (1) len Oy: N - P N = P = mg lng a biet. =0 Fmst = tN = tmg N = P = mg Chieu (1) len Ox: F - Fmst = ma Fmst = tN = tmg Chieu (1) len Ox: F - Fmst = ma F Fmst F t mg a= = = 2,5m/ s2 m m F Fmst F t mg a= = = 2,5m/ s2 m m .Hoat ong 4: Cung co, dan do: Cung co: khai niem chuyen ong tnh tien. Phan biet 2 dang chuyen ong tnh tien. Dan do: hoc bai, lam bai tap 5, 6, 7 SGK. Chuan b muc II cua bai. Tac dung cua momen lc oi vi vat quay quanh mot truc (co truc quay co nh va khong co truc quay co nh) ? Mc quan tnh trong chuyen ong quay ?

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Tuan: 17 Tiet : 34

Bai 21: CHUYEN ONG TNH TIEN CUA VAT RAN CHUYEN ONG QUAY CUA VAT RAN QUANH MOT TRUC CO NH (tiet 2)
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Neu c tac dung cua momen lc oi vi mot vat quay quanh mot truc co nh. 2.Ve ky nang: - Ap dung c nh luat II Niu-tn cho chuyen ong tnh tien thang, giai c cac bai tap SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Hoc sinh: - On lai nh luat II Niu-tn, khai niem toc o goc va momen lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: The nao la chuyen ong tnh tien. Co may loai chuyen ong tnh tien, cho v du ? Co the ap dung nh nh luat II Niu-tn cho chuyen ong tnh tien c khong ? Tai sao ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm hieu ve tac dung cua momen lc oi vi mot vat quay quanh mot truc co nh. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV GV a ra khai niem momen quan tnh cua vat co chuyen ong quay. Momen quan tnh cang ln th vat kho thay oi toc o goc va ngc lai. . Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 ? . Momen quan tnh co the phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nao ? Neu phng an TN e kiem tra ? GV nhan xet phng an cua HS va a ra phng an ung. GV gii thieu bo TN hnh 21.4 SGK. Muc ichs cua TN la tm hieu s Noi dung II.Chuyen ong quay cua vat ran quanh mot truc co nh. 1.Tac dung cua momen lc oi vi mot vat quay quanh mot truc co nh: Momen lc tac dung vao mot vat quay quanh mot truc co nh lam thay oi toc o goc cua vat.

.Momen quan tnh phu thuoc vao khoi lng, hnh dang, cua vat. .Lam 2 TN ch khac nhau khoi lng cua vat. Khac nhau hnh dang cua vat.

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. Momen quan tnh thay oi chuyen ong quay cua rong roc cang ln. thong qua chuyen ong tnh tien cua 2 trong vat. .Thong bao ket .Lam 2 TN ch khac nhau s phan bo qua: Vat co khoi lng cang ln th toc khoi lng cua vat. o thay oi toc o goc cang cham tc la momen quan tnh ntn ? . Momen quan tnh co phu thuoc vao s phan bo khoi lng cua vat oi vi truc .Phu thuoc vao quay hay khong ? Hay khoi lng va s phan a ra phng an TN e bo khoi lng oi vi kiem tra ? truc quay. .Thong bao ket qua TN: Khoi lng cua vat phan bo cang xa truc quay th momen cang ln va ngc lai. .Ket luan momen quan tnh phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nao ? .Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu mc quan tnh cua chuyen ong quay. 2)Mc quan tnh cua chuyen ong quay: Phu thuoc vao khoi Mc quan tnh cua lng va s phan bo mot vat quay quanh khoi lng. mot truc phu thuoc vao khoi lng cua Khoi lng cang ln vat va s phan bo va cang xa truc quay th khoi lng o oi vi momen quan tnh cang truc quay. Khoi lng ln cang ln va cang xa Banh a cua cac Neu mot vai ng truc quay th momen may. dung ma em thay trong quan tnh cang ln va thc te ? ngc lai. .Hoat ong 3: Cung co, van dung, dan do: Cung co:Tac dung cua momen oi vi mot vat quay quanh mot truc. Mc quan tnh cua chuyen ong quay. Van dung: Lam bai tap 8, 9, 10 trang 115 SGK. Dan do: Hoc bai, lam bai tap trong SBT. o Chuan b bai ngau lc o Xem lai qui tac hp lc song song ngc chieu. o Ngau lc co tac dung g oi vi vat ran o Cong thc tnh momen cua lc.
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HS oc muc 3 SGK

Yeu cau HS oc muc 3 trang 113 va tra li cau hoi: Mc quan tnh cua vat quay quanh mot truc phu thuoc yeu to nao? Phu thuoc nh the nao ?

Tuan:18 Tiet : 35

Bai 22: NGAU LC

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha ngau lc va neu mot so v du ve ngau lc trong thc te va k thuat. - Viet c cong thc tnh va neu c ac iem momen cua ngau lc. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c khai niem ngau lc e giai thch mot so hien tng vat ly thng gap trong i song va k thuat. - Van dung c cong thc tnh momen cua ngau lc e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Dung cu tao ngau lc: chai co nap van, tuanvt. Hoc sinh: - On lai momen lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Momen lc co tac dung the nao oi vi mot vat quay quanh mot truc ? Mc quan tnh cua mot vat quay quanh mot truc phu thuoc nhng yeu to nao ? 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Lam quen vi khai niem ngau lc. at ra van e can nghien cu. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV .Khong tm c hp .Phat bieu qui tac lc v khong tm c v hp lc song song va tr gia cua hp lc. van dung qui tac e tm hp hai lc song song ngc chieu co o ln bang nhau ? .He hai lc nh vay goi la ngau lc (la .Ca nhan HS cho v trng hp ac biet du. duy nhat cua hai lc song song khong the tm c hp lc). .Neu mot so v du ngau lc thng gap ? .Vay ngau lc co anh hng nh the nao oi vi vat ran ? Noi dung I.Ngau lc : He hai lc song song, ngc chieu, co o ln bang nhau cung tac dung vao mot vat go la ngau lc.

.Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu tac dung cua ngau lc oi vi mot vat ran.
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.Khi chu tac dung cua .GV lam TN tac dung ngau lc th vat chuyen ngau lc vao mot vat ong quay. ran yeu cau HS quan sat chuyen ong cua vat ? .Chuyen ong quay cua cac vat khac nhau di tac dung cua ngau lc co giong .Vat se quay quanh nhau khong ! truc i qua trong tam .Yeu cau HS oc va vuong goc vi mp muc II.1 SGK e tra li. cha ngau lc. .Cho biet tac dung cua ngau lc oi vi vat khong co truc quay co nh ? .Vat se quay quanh .Nh vay ngau lc truc quay. khong gay ra gia toc cho truc quay ngha la co truc quay cung nh khong co. .Neu vat co truc quay co nh vuong goc vi mp cha ngau lc nhng khong i qua trong tam th sao ? .Khi vat quay trong tam cua vat cung se quay quanh truc quay. Truc quay phai tao r alc lien ket e .e truc quay khong truyen cho truc quay b bien dang th phai mot gia toc hng at truc quay i qua tam, theo nh luat III trong tam cua vat. Niutn vat cung se tac dung tr lai truc quay mot lc. Neu vat quya cang nhanh th lc tng tac cang ln lam truc quay co the b cong, gay. .Y ngha thc tien trong viec nghien cu tac dung cua ngau lc oi vi vat ran ? .Hoat ong 3: Tnh momen cua ngau lc.

II.Tac dung cua ngau lc oi vi mot vat ran: 1)Trng hp vat khong co truc quay co nh: Khi chu tac dung cua ngau lc vat se quay quanh mot truc i qua trong tam va vuong goc vi mat phang cha ngau lc.

2)Trng hp vat co truc quay co nh. Neu truc quay khong i qua trong tam th trong tam se quay quanh truc quay. Khi o vat co xu hng li tam nen tac dung lc vao truc quay. Neu vat quay cang nhanh lc tac dung cang ln co the lam gay truc quay.

.ng dung: khi che tao cac bo phan quay th phai lam truc quay i qua trong tam.

3)Momen .Ca nhan HS tnh. .Hay tnh momen lc: Mot HS len bang trnh cua ngau lc oi vi M = F.d bay. mot truc quay vuong

ngau

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goc mat phang cha Trong o: ngau lc bang cach F: o ln cua moi tnh momen cua tng lc (N) lc oi vi truc quay ? d: khoang cach gia hai .Tac dung lam quay gia cua hai lc goi la cua 2 momen cua 2 lc canh tay on (m) co chieu ntn ? .Momen cua ngau .Hoan thanh yeu lc = ? cau C2. .Thong bao: M = Fd d = d1 + d2 goi la canh tay on. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 ? .Hoat ong 4: Cung co, van dung , dan do Cung co: Khai niem ngau lc. Tac dung cua ngau lc. Cong thc tnh momen ngau lc. oc phan ghi nh SGK. O Van dung:Lam bai tap 5 SGK. 4, Cau 1: Mot ngau lc ( F,F' ) Tac dung vao mot thanh cng nh hnh. x Momen ngau lc tac dung vao thanh oi vi truc O ladbao nhieu ? A.(Fx + Fd) B.(Fd - Fx) C.(Fx - Fd) D.Fd Cau 2: Hai lc cua mot ngau lc co o ln F = 10N. Canh tay on cua ngau lc d = 50cm. Momen cua ngau lc la: A.500 N.m B.50N.m C.5 N.m D.100 N.m Dan do: Lam bai tap 6 SGK va cac bai tap trong SBT Chuan b tiet sau sa bai tap.

M = F1d1 + F2d2 = F1(d1 + d2)

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Tuan:16 Tiet : 31

BAI TAP
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Cung co kien thc ve ngau lc: cong thc tnh momen ngau lc. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c cong thc tnh momen cua ngau lc e giai cac bai tap. - Ren luyen ky nang xac nh o ln cua canh tay on. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Giao bai tap cho HS giai trc. Phng phap giai cac bai tap ve ngau lc. Hoc sinh: - Giai trc bai tap: 6 SGK, 22.3 SBT. IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: Hai lc cua mot ngau lc co o ln F = 20N. Canh tay on cua ngau lc d = 25cm. Momen cua ngau lc la: A.500 N.m B.50N.m C.5 N.m D.100 N.m Cau 2: Mot ngau lc gom 2 lc F1 va F2 co o ln F1 = F2 = F va canh tay on d. Momen cua ngau lc nay la: A.(F1 - F2)d B.2Fd C.Fd D.Cha biet, phu thuoc v tr truc quay 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Giai bai tap 6 trang 118 SGK. Hoat ong cua HS Cong thc: M = F.d F : o ln cua moi lc (N) d:khoang cach gia hai gia cua hai lc goi la canh tay on (m) Tr giup cua GV Yeu cau HS nhac lai cong thc tnh momen cua ngau lc ? Y ngha, n v tng ai lng ? Goi Hs oc, tom tat e. Noi dung Tom tat: AB = 4,5 cm = 0,045m FA = FB = 1N A M=? a) O B

Ve canh tay on. d = AB M = F.AB Ve canh tay on. d = ABcos300 M = F.AB cos300

Momen cua ngau lc: M = F.d = F.AB = 1.0,045 Yeu cau HS xac nh =0,045 Nm canh tay on cua b) ngau lc ? Canh tay on d co A gia tr ntn ? Tnh momen ngau lc ?

FB

FB

B O

FA
trang 56

Yeu cau HS xac nh canh tay on cua ngau lc ? Canh tay on d co gia tr ntn ? Canh tay on cua Tnh momen ngau lc ? ngau lc: d = ABcos = ABcos300 Momen cua ngau lc: M = F.d = F.AB cos300 = 1.0,045. Nm .Hoat ong 2: Giai bai tap 6 trang 118 SGK. Goi Hs oc, tom tat e, ve hnh. Ve canh tay on. d = AB M = F.AB Ve canh tay on. d = ABcos300 M = F.AB cos300 Ve canh tay on. d=
AB 2
3 = 0,039 2

Yeu cau HS xac nh canh tay on cua ngau lc ? Canh tay on d co gia tr ntn ? Tnh momen ngau lc ?

A B M = F. 2

Yeu cau HS xac nh canh tay on cua ngau lc ? Canh tay on d co gia tr ntn ? Tnh momen ngau lc ?

Ve canh tay on. d = ABcos300 M = F.AB cos300 Yeu cau HS xac nh canh tay on cua
trang 57

ngau lc ? Canh tay on d co gia tr ntn ? Tnh momen ngau lc ? .Hoat ong 3: Cung co, dan do. Cung co: Cong thc tnh momen ngau lc: M = F.d Chu y: Canh tay on la khoang cach gia 2 gia cua 2 lc (la oan thang vuong goc noi 2 gia cua 2 lc) Dan do: Xem lai cac bai tap a giai. Tiet sau chuan b sa bai tap chng III: on lai cong thc ve momen lc, ngau lc

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Tuan: 19 Tiet : 38

CHNG IV: CAC NH LUAT BAO TOAN Bai 23: ONG LNG - NH LUAT BAO TOAN ONG LNG (Tiet 1)
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha ong lng, neu c ban chat va n v o cua ong lng. Neu c he qua: lc vi cng o u manh tac dung len mot vat trong mot khoang thi gian ngan co the lam cho ong lng cua vat bien thien. p t - Suy ra c bieu thc cua nh ly bien thien ong lng ( = F ) t (F = m ) a nh luat II Niutn 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cach viet th hai cua nh luat II Niutn e giai cac bai tap lien quan. II.Chuan b: Hoc sinh: - On lai cac nh luat Niu-tn. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: khong 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: On lai cac nh luat Niu-tn Tr giup cua GV .Nhac lai bieu thc nh luat II Niu-tn ? .Phat bieu va viet .Nhan thc van e bieu thc nh luat III Niu-tn ? can nghien cu. .Chung ta eu biet trong tng tac gia hai vat co s bien oi van toc cua cac vat. Vay co he thc nao lien he gia van toc cua vat trc va sau tng tac vi khoi lng cua chung khong ? Va ai lng nao ac trng cho s truyen chuyen ong gia cac vat trong tng tac, trong qua trnh tng tac ai lng nao tuan theo nh luat nao ? Hoat ong cua HS F . = ma . F2 = F1 Noi dung

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.Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu khai niem xung lng. .Neu mot so v du I.ong lng: 1)Xung lng cua ve quan he gia tac dung cua lc vi o lc: Khi mot lc ln cua lc va thi F gian tac dung. (V du: khong oi tac dung chan cau thu tac len vat trong khoang t dung lc vao qua bong thi gian th tch F t lam thay oi hng c goi la xung lng chuyen ong). Nh vay cua lc F trong khoang t di tac dung cua lc thi gian n v la: N.s cua chan trong F khoang thi gian tac dung t a lam trang thai chuyen ong cua qua bong thay oi. .La ai lng vect .Khi mot lc F tac co cung phng va dung len vat trong chieu vi phng va khoang thi gian t th chieu cua lc. tch F t c goi la xung lng cua lc F trong khoang thi gian t ay. .Xung lng cua vat .n v la N.s co phai la ai lng vect khong ? Neu co th cho biet phng, chieu cua ai lng nay ? .Lu y: lc F khong oi trong khoang thi gian tac dung t. .n v cua xung lng la g ? .Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu khai niem ong lng. Xet mot vat khoi lng m chu tac dung cua lc F trong khoang thi gian t lam vat thay oi van toc t v1 en v2 . .Viet bieu thc tnh gia toc ma vat thu c ? .Viet bieu thc nh luat II Niu-tn ? .Da vao hai bieu thc tren e bien oi 2)ong lng: Gia s lc F khong oi tac dung len vat khoi lng m lam vat thay oi van toc t v1 en v2 trong t khoang thi gian Gia toc cua vat: v2 v1 a= t ma F = ma v v F=m 2 1 t trang 60

v2 v1 . a = t F =m a . v2 v1 . F = m t Ft = mv2 mv1 ()

 .Hs nhan xet. ( ve sao cho xuat hien ai Ft = mv2 mv1 trai la xung cua lc, lng xung cua lc ? () ve phai la o bien .Neu nhan xet ? Nhan xet: ve trai v thien cua ai lng m la xung cua lc F , ve . .Thong bao nh phai la bien thien cua ngha ong lng. ai lng p = mv goi la .n v la: kg.m/s .Da vao bieu thc ong lng. cho biet n v cua Vay ong lng ong lng ? cua mot vat co khoi .Vect ong lng .ong lng ac lng m chuyen ong cung hng vi vect trng cho s truyen vi van toc v la ai van toc do khoi lng chuyen ong cuavat. lng c xac nh la ailng dng. .ong lng co bang cong thc: p=m v .Hoan thanh yeu hng nh the nao ? p t cau C1 va C2. T (): =F .nh l bien . Ft = p2 p1 .Hoan thanh yeu thien ong lng: o Ca nhan HS phat cau C1 va C2 ? bieu. .Dung k hieu ong bien thien ong lng lng viet lai bieu thc cua mot vat trong mot () va phat bieu khoang thi gian nao o bang xung lng thanh li ? .Nhan xet, sa lai cua tong cac lc tac dung len vat trong cho chnh xac. .Bieu thc nay khoang thi gian o. c xem nh mot dang khac cua nh luat II Niu-tn. .Hoat ong 4: Cung co, dan do: Cung co: Khai niem xung cua lc. Khai niem ong lng va cach dien at th hai cau nh luat II Niu-tn. Cau 1: n v cua ong lng la: A.N/s B.N.s C.N.m D.N.m/s Cau 2: Mot qua bong bay vi ong lng p ap vuong goc vao mot bc tng thang sau o bay ngc tr lai vi cung van toc. o bien thien ong lng cua qua bong la: A. 0 B. p C. 2p D. 2p Cau 3: Xe A co khoi lng 500 kg va van toc 60km/h; xe B co khoi lng 1000 kg va van toc 30 km/h. So sanh ong lng cua chung: A. A>B B. A<B C.A = B D.Khong xac nh c. Dan do: lam bai tap 5, 6, 8, 9 SBT Chuan b: Muc II cua bai o He nh the nao la he co lap ? o ieu kien ap dung nh luat bao toan ong lng ? o The nao la va cham mem ? o The nao la chuyen ong bang phan lc ?

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Tuan: 19 Tiet : 39 Ngay day: 19 01 - 07

Bai 23: ONG LNG - NH LUAT BAO TOAN ONG LNG (Tiet 2)
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha he co lap. - Phat bieu va viet c bieu thc cua nh luat bao toan ong lng. 2.Ve ky nang: - Giai thch c nguyen tac chuyen ong bang phan lc. - Van dung c nh luat bao toan ong lng e giai bai toan va cham mem. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Hoc sinh: - On lai cac nh luat Niu-tn. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: Mot may bay co khoi lng 150 tan, bay vi van toc 900km/h. ong lng cua may bay la: A.135000 kgm/s B.37500000 kgm/s C.150000 kgm/s D. Mot ket qua khac Cau 2: Bieu thc nh luat II Niu-tn co the c viet di dang:
t p A. F =

B.

F. = p t

C.

Cau 3: Khi noi ve chuyen ong thang eu, phat bieu nao sau ay ung ? A.ong lng cua vat khong thay oi. B.Xung cua lc bang khong. C.o bien thien ong lng bang khong. D.Tat ca ung. Cau 4: Mot vat co khoi lng m = 50g chuyen ong thang eu vi van toc v = 50cm/s th ong lng cua vat la: A.2500g/cm.s B.0,025kg.m/s C.0,25kg.m/s D.2,5kg.m/s 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Lam quen vi khai niem he co lap. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV .Thong bao khai niem he co lap, ngoai lc, noi lc. .V du ve co lap: -He vat ri t do Trai at -He 2 vat chuyen ong khong ma sat Noi dung II.nh luat bao toan ong lng. 1.He co lap: He nhieu vat c coi la co lap neu: Khong chu tac dung cua ngoai lc. Neu co th cac ngoai
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F. p =m a t

D.

F =m p a

tren mat phang nam lc phai can bang ngang. nhau. Ch co cac noi lc .Trong cac hien tng tac gia cac vat tng nh no, va cham, cac noi lc xuat hien trong he. Cac noi lc thng rat ln so vi nay trc oi nhau tng cac ngoai lc thong oi mot. thng, nen he vat co the coi gan ung la kn trong thi gian ngan xay ra hien tng. .Hoat ong 2: Xay dng bieu thc cua nh luat bao toan ong lng. 2)nh luat bao .Khi mot vat chu tac dung cua lc th toan ong lng: ong lng cua he ong lng cua vat thay oi. Vay trong he co lap la ai lng co lap, neu 2 vat khong oi. Neu he co 2 vat: tng tac nhau th tong m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v'1 +m2v'2 ong lng cua he trc va sau tng tac co thay oi khong ? Bay gi ta se i tm s thay oi nay ! .Xet he co lap gom 2 vat tng tac lan nhau: .Viet bieu thc bien thien ong lng cho tng vat ? .Theo nh luat III Niu-tn th 2 lc tng tac co lien he vi nhau ntn ? .Nhan xet moi lien p p he gia 1 va 2 ? .Xac nh tong bien thien ong lng cua he. Nhan xet tong ong lng cua he trc va sau tng tac ? .Phat bieu noi dung cua nh luat bao toan ong lng. Nhan manh: Tong ong lng cua he co lap la mot vect khong oi ca ve hng va trang 63

. p2 = F2t
. F2 = F1

p1 = F1t ;

p1 = p2 p1 + p2 = 0

Nhan xet: tong bien thien ong lng bang 0 hay tong ong lng cua he co lap trc va sau tng tac la khong oi.

m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v'1 +m2v'2

o ln. .Viet bieu thc cua nh luat bao toan ong lng neu he co lap gom 2 vat Khoi lng m1 va m2, van toc trc va sau tng tac la: v1,v2 va v'1 ,v'2 . Chu y: he xet phai la he co lap va cac gia tr cac ai lng da vao he qui chieu.

.Hoat ong 3: Van dung nh luat bao toan ong lng cho cac trng hp va cham mem va chuyen ong bang phan lc: 3)Va cham mem: .He 2 vat la he co .Yeu cau HS tm Mot vat co khoi lap. van toc cua hai vat lng m1 chuyen ong Ap dung lbt ong sau va cham ? tren mp nam ngang lng: nhan vi van toc v1 , m1v1 = (m1 + m2 )v en va cham vi vat kl v1v1 v= m2 ang nam yen tren m1 + m2 mp ngang ay. Sau 2 va cham 2 vat nhap lai thanh 1 chuyen ong vi van toc v . Xac nh v Ap dung lbt ong lng:
m1v1 = (m1 + m2 )v
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HS bien oi rut ra: van toc cua ten la ngc chieu vi van toc cua kh phut ra, ngha la ten la tien theo chieu ngc lai.
m V = v M

.Mot ten la ban au ng yen, sau khi phut kh, ten la chuyen ong nh the nao ? .Chuyen ong co nguyen tac nh chuyen ong cua ten la goi la chuyen ong bang phan lc. .Gii thieu khai niem chuyen ong bang phan lc.

v1v1 m1 + m2 Va cham nh hai vat nh tren goi la va cham mem. 4)Chuyen ong bang phan lc: Chuyen ong bang phan lc la chuyen ong cua mot vat t tao ra phan lc bang cach phong ve hng ngc lai mot phan cua chnh no. V du: Ten la, phao thang thien, v=

.Hoat ong 4: Cung co, van dung , dan do: Cung co: Yeu cau hoc sinh oc phan ghi nh. Bieu thc cua lbt ong lng. Van dung: Cau 1:Toa xe th nhat co khoi lng 3 tan chay vi van toc 4m/s en va cham vi toa xe tha hai ng yen co khoi lng 5 tan lam toa nay chuyen ong vi van toc 3m/s. Sau va cham, toa th nhat chuyen ong vi van toc bang bao nhieu ? Chon chieu dng la chieu chuyen ong ban au cua xe th nhat. A.9m/s B.1m/s C.-9m/s D.-1m/s Cau 2: Di tac dung cua lc bang 4N, mot vat thu gia toc va chuyen ong. Sau thi gian 2s o bien ong lng cua vat la: A.8kgms-1 B.8kgms C. 6kgms-1 D.8kgms Bai tap 6 trang 126 SGK. Dan do: Bai tap ve nha: lam cac bai tap con lai SGK va bai tap SBT Chuan b tiet sau sa bai tap ve ong lng . nh luat bao toan ong lng

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Tuan: 20 Tiet : 40 Ngay day: 23 01 - 07

Bai 24: CONG VA CONG SUAT (Tiet 1)

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha cong cua mot lc. Biet cach tnh cong cua lc trong trng hp n gian (lc khong oi, chuyen di thang). Neu c y ngha cua cong am. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cac cong thc tnh cong e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Hoc sinh: - On lai khai niem cong lp 8 - On lai cach phan tch lc III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: Trong qua trnh nao sau ay, ong lng cua o to c bao toan ? A.O to tang toc B. O to giam toc C.O to chuyen ong tron eu D. O to chuyen ong thang eu tren ng co ma sat. Cau 2: Mot ten la co khoi lng M= 5 tan ang chuyen ong vi van toc v = 100m/s th phut ra pha sau mot lng kh m1 = 1 tan. Van toc kh oi vi ten la luc cha phut kh la v1 = 400m/s. sau khi phut kh, van toc cua ten la co gia tr la: A.200m/s B.180m/s C.225m/s D.250m/s 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Nhac lai kien thc cu va nh hng nhiem vu hoc tap. Hoat ong cua HS .Cong c hoc co khi co lc tac dung lam vat chuyen di. V du: . Bieu thc : A = F.s Tr giup cua GV .Khi nao co cong c hoc ? V du thc te ? Viet bieu thc tnh cong cua lc cung phng ng i ? .Cong thc A = F.s ch dung trong trng hp khi lc cung phng Nhan thc van e vi ng i. can nghien cu. .Trong trng hp tong quat, khi phng cua lc khong trung vi phng ng i th cong c hoc c tnh nh the nao ? Noi dung

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.Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu cong thc tnh cong trong trng hp tong quat. I.Cong: 1)nh ngha: Khi lc F khong oi tac dung len mot vat va iem at cua lc o chuyen di mot oan s theo hng hp vi hng cua lc mot goc th cong thc hien bi lc o c tnh theo cong thc: A = Fscos

F .Tnh cong cua lc F? Tr giup cua GV: .Phan tch F thanh 2 thanh phan Fn vuong Fs thc hien cong. goc vi ng i va A = Fss ma Fs = Fcos Fs cung hng vi ng i. .Thanh phan nao cua lc co kha nang thc hien cong ? .Viet bieu thc tnh Phu thuoc vao o ln cua lc, o ln cong cua lc thanh oan chuyen di, goc phan ? .Bieu thc tnh cong hp bi hng chuyen di va hng cua lc cua lc F ? .Neu nh ngha tac dung. cong. .Gia tr cua cong phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nao ? .V quang ng i c phu thuoc vao he qui chieu nen gia tr cua cong cung phu thuoc vao he qui chieu (cho v du). .Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu y ngha cua cong am. 2)Bien luan: .Khi < 900 th A > 0 .T cong thc tnh 0 cong. Cho biet gia tr Neu < 900 cos Khi = 90 th A = 0 cua cong phu thuoc > 0 A > 0: goi la cong Khi > 900 th A < 0 phat ong. vao goc ntn ? Neu = 900 cos . Yeu cau HS oc = 0 A = 0 .Lc co tac dung muc 1.3 SGK. Neu > 900 cos can tr chuyen ong .Trong trng hp .Hoan thanh yeu lc sinh cong am th lc < 0 A < 0: goi la cong can. o co tac dung g cau C2. 3)n v: .Hoan thanh yeu .n v cua cong la Neu F = 1N, s = 1m, cau C2. : N.m cos =1 ( = 0) .Xac nh n v Th: A = 1N.m =1J cua cong ? .Neu y ngha cua Vay Jun la cong do Jun. . N.m = 1J lc co o ln 1N thc trang 67

A = F.s

.Jun la g ?

hien khi iem at cau lc chuyen di 1m theo hng cua lc.

.Hoat ong 4: Cung co, van dung, dan do: Cung co: nh nghha va bieu thc tnh cong trong trng hp tong quat. Van dung : Bai tap 6 trang 133 SGK Mot vat chuyen ong thang eu tren mat phang nam ngang vi van toc v = 72km/h. Di tac dung cua F = 40N, co hng hp vi phng chuyen ong mot goc = 600. Cong ma vat thc hien c trong thi gian 1 phut la : A.48kJ B.24kJ C. 24 3 kJ D.12kJ Dan do: Hoc bai lam bai tap tnh cong trong SBT. Chuan b muc II (cong suat)

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Tuan: 20 Tiet : 41 Ngay day: 26 01 - 07

Bai 24: CONG VA CONG SUAT (Tiet 2)

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha cong suat va n v cua cong suat. Neu c y ngha cua cong suat. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cac cong thc tnh cong suat e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Hoc sinh: - oc trc SGK III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Xet cac lc tac dung len vat trong cac trng hp sau ay: I.Trong lc trong trng hp vat ri. II.Lc ma sat tren mat phang nghieng. III.Lc keo thang may i len. Trng hp nao lc thc hien cong dng ? A.I, II, III B.I, III C.I, II D.II, III Cau 1: n v nao sau ay khong phai la n v cua cong ? A.J B.kWh C.N/m D.N.m Cau 2: Cong co the bieu th bang tch cua: A.Nang lng va khoang thi gian. B.Lc, quang ng i c va khoang thi gian. C.Lc va quang ng i c. D.Lc va van toc. Cau 3: Trong cac yeu to sau: I.Hng va o ln cua lc tac dung. II.Quang ng i c. III.He qui chieu. Cong cua lc phu thuoc cac yeu to: A.I, II B.I, III C.II, III D.I, II, III 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm hieu khai niem cong suat va cong thc tnh cong suat. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV .Cung mot cong nhng 2 may khac nhau co the thc hien trong thi gian khac nhau. Do o e so sanh kha nang thc hien cong cua cac may trong cung mot khoang thi gian (hay toc o thc Noi dung II.Cong suat: 1)Khai niem: Cong suat la ai lng o bang cong sinh ra trong mot n v thi gian.
P=

2)n v:

A t
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hien cong) ngi ta dung ai lng cong suat. .a ra nh ngha J cong suat. la s .Lap cong thc tnh cong suat cua mot Hoan thanh yeu may thc hien c cau C3. mot cong A trong thi gian t. K hieu cong suat la P ? .n v cong suat Muon tang F th phai la g ? gam van toc v. .Gii thieu n v ma lc. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C3 ?
A P= t A F.s = = F.v la t t

Neu A = 1J, t = 1s Th: P = Vay Oat la cong suat cua mot may thc hien cong bang 1J trong thi gian 1s. Ngoai ra cong suat con co n v la ma lc (HP) kWh = 3600kJ la n v cua cong.
1J = 1W 1s

P=

cong suat khong oi cua mot may nao o. T bieu thc tren ta thay muon tang o ln lc F th ta lam ntn ? va ngc lai ? Nguyen tac nay c ng dung trong hop so cac loai xe. .Hoat ong 2: Van dung cong thc tnh cong suat: Ca nhan HS giai bai Yeu cau HS giai bai Tom tat: tap tap: 24.4 SBT. m = 10kg 1 phut 40 giay = ? s =5m t = 1 phut 40 giay = giay t = 1 phut 40 giay = 100s 100s g = 10m/s2 Vat chuyen ong Tnh P = ? Trong lc P = mg eu th o ln lc keo o ln cua lc keo: can bang vi lc nao ? F = P = mg Cong cua lc keo: A = F.s = mgs Cong suat cua lc keo
P= A mgs 10 .10 .5 = = = 5W t t 100

.Hoat ong 3: Cung co, dan do: Cung co: Cong thc tnh cong suat, n v cua cong suat. Cong suat cua mot ngi keo mot thung nc co khoi lng 10kg chuyen ong eu t gieng co o sau 10m trong thi gian 0,5 phut la: trang 70

A.220W B.33,3W C.3,33W D.0,5kW Dan do: Lam cac bai tap con lai trong SGK va SBT tiet sau sa bai tap.

Duyet cua to trng

Vi Th To Hoa

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Tuan: 21 Tiet : 42 Ngay day: 30 01 - 07

BAI TAP
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Cung co kien thc ve ong lng, nh luat bao toan ong lng, cong va cong suat. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cac kien thc a hoc e giai mot so bai tap ve ong lng, nh luat bao toan ong lng, cong va cong suat II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Chuan b e bai tap, phng phap giai quyet bai toan. Hoc sinh: On lai cong thc ve ong lng, nh luat bao toan ong lng, cong va cong suat. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: Mot vat co khoi lng m = 50g chuyen ong thang eu vi van toc v = 50cm/s th ong lng cua vat la: A.2500g/cm.s B.0,025kg.m/s C.0,25kg.m/s D.2,5kg.m/s Cau 2: Di tac dung cua lc bang 4N, mot vat thu gia toc va chuyen ong. Sau thi gian 2s o bien ong lng cua vat la: A.8kgms-1 B.8kgms C. 6kgms-1 D.8kgms Cau 3: Cong cua lc tac dung len vat bang 0 khi goc hp gia lc tac dung va chieu chuyen ong la: A.00 B. 600 C. 900 D. 1800 3)Hoat ong day hoc: e bai tap: Cau 1: Xe A co khoi lng 500 kg va van toc 36km/h; xe B co khoi lng 1000 kg va van toc 18 km/h. So sanh ong lng cua chung: A. A>B B. A<B C.A = B D.Khong xac nh c. Cau 2: Mot may bay co khoi lng 150 tan, bay vi van toc 900km/h. ong lng cua may bay la: A.135000 kgm/s B.37500000 kgm/s C.150000 kgm/s D. Mot ket qua khac Cau 3: Mot vat co khoi lng 1 kg ri t do trong khoang thi gian 0,5 s. o bien thien ong lng cua vat trong khoang thi gian o la bao nhieu ? (lay g = 10m/s2) A.5kgm/s B.10kgm/s C.0,5kgm/s D.50kgm/s Cau 4: Mot vat co khoi lng m = 50g chuyen ong thang eu vi van toc v = 50cm/s th ong lng cua vat la: A.2500g/cm.s B.0,025kg.m/s C.0,25kg.m/s D.2,5kg.m/s Cau 5: Di tac dung cua lc bang 4N, mot vat thu gia toc va chuyen ong. Sau thi gian 2s o bien ong lng cua vat la: A.8kgms-1 B.8kgms C. 6kgms-1 D.8kgms Cau 6: Mot ten la co khoi lng M = 5 tan ang chuyen ong vi van toc v = 100m/s th phut ra pha sau mot lng kh m1 = 1 tan. Van toc kh
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oi vi ten la luc cha phut kh la v1 = 400m/s. sau khi phut kh, van toc cua ten la co gia tr la: A.200m/s B.180m/s C.225m/s D.250m/s Cau 7: Hai vat co cung khoi lng m, chuyen ong vi van toc co o ln bang nhau (v1 = v2). ong lng p cua he hai vat se c tnh theo cong thc: v A. p = 2m 1 B. p = 2mv2 C. p = m(v1 + v2 ) D. Ca A, B va C ung Cau 8: Mot vat chuyen ong thang eu tren mat phang nam ngang vi van toc v = 72km/h. Di tac dung cua F = 40N, co hng hp vi phng chuyen ong mot goc = 600. Cong ma vat thc hien c trong thi gian 1 phut la : 4 A.48kJ B.24kJ C. 2 3 kJ D.12kJ Cau 9: Cong suat cua mot ngi keo mot thung nc co khoi lng 10kg chuyen ong eu t gieng co o sau 10m trong thi gian 0,5 phut la: A.220W B.33,3W C.3,33W D.0,5kW Cau 10: Mot chiec xe co khoi lng 2 tan ang chuyen ong vi van toc 15m/s th lai xe thay chng ngai vat cach xe 20m va ham phanh. Xe dng lai cach chng ngai vat 1m. Vay o ln cua lc ham la: A.1184,2N B.22500N C.15000N D.11842N Cau 11: Khi noi ve cong cua trong lc, phat bieu nao sau ay la sai ? A.Cong cua trong lc luon luon mang gia tr dng. B.Cong cua trong lc bang 0 khi vat chuyen ong tren mat phang nam ngang. C. Cong cua trong lc bang 0 khi qu ao cua vat la mot ng khep kn. D.Cong cua trong lc bang o giam the nang cua vat. ap an va hng dan: Cau 1: Chon B Cau 2: Chon B Cau 3: Chon A p = F. t = P. t = mg. t = 1.10.0,5 = 5kgm/s Cau 4: Chon B p = mv = 0,05.0,5 = 0,025 kgm/s Cau 5: Chon A p = F. t = 4.2 = 8kgm.s-1 Cau 6: Chon A Van toc kh oi vi mat at: v = 400 -100 = 300m/s Ap dung nh luat bao toan ong lng: Van toc ten la = 200 m/s Cau 7: Chon D
1 = 24kJ 2 A F.s mgs 10.10.10 100 . = = = 333W , Cau 9: Chon B P = = t t t 30 3 v2 152 2.103152 Cau 10: Chon D a = 0 = F = ma = = 11842 N) ( 2.19 2s 2.19

Cau 8: Chon A

A = F.s.cos600 = 48.20.60.

Cau 11: Chon A Khi vat chuyen ong t thap len cao th trong lc ong vai tro la lc can nen cong cua trong lc co gia tr am. Dan do: o Chuan b bai mi ong nang o nh ngha, bieu thc, n v cua ong nang. o Tm mot so v du ve mot so vat co ong nang.
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Tuan: 21 Tiet : 43 Ngay day: 02 02 - 07

Bai 25: ONG NANG

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha va viet c bieu thc cua ong nang (cua mot chat iem hay mot vat ran chuyen ong tnh tien). - Phat bieu va chng minh c nh l bien thien ong nang (trong mot trng hp n gian). - Neu c nhieu v du ve nhng vat co ong nang sinh cong. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c nh l bien thien ong nang e giai cac bai toan tng t nh cac bai trong SGK.. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Tm nhng v du thc te ve nhng vat co ong nang sinh cong. Hoc sinh: - On lai phan ong nang a hoc chng trnh THCS. - On lai cong thc tnh cong cua mot lc, cac cong thc cua chuyen ong thang bien oi eu. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: khong 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: On lai khai niem nang lng va tm hieu nhng ac iem nh tnh cua khai niem ong nang. Hoat ong cua HS Xang, dau co nang lng e chay may, Nc co nang lng e tao ra ien. ien co nang lng e thap sang. Mat tri co nang lng Xe ang chuyen ong co nang lng v khi gap vat can no co the tac dung lc va sinh cong ? Tr giup cua GV Noi dung Hay neu mot so v I.Khai niem ong du ve mot so vat co nang: nang lng ? 1)Nang lng: Moi vat eu mang nang lng va khitng tac vi vat khac th Mot vat co kha gia chung co the troa nang sinh ra cong, ta oi nang lng di noi vat o co nang cac dang khac nhau lng !. Vay mot vat nh: thc hien cong, (lay v du minh hoa la truyen nhiet, phat ra mot chiec xe go) ang cac tia. chuyen ong co nang lng khong tai sao ? Nang lng cua xe co Nang lng xe co la do chuyen ong. c la do au ? (neu xe nam yen th co kha Ca nhan HS tiep thu, nang sinh cong 2)ong nang: ghi nh. khong ?) La nang lng cua Nh vay moi vat xung vat co do no co quanh ta eu co mang chuyen ong. nang lng di nhieu Khi vat co ong dang khac nhau. Nang nang th vat co the
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Hoan thanh yeu cau C2. ong nang cang ln khi khoi lng va van toc vat cang ln. TN 2 xe cung van toc nhng co khoi lng khac nhau th xe co khoi lng ln sinh cong ln hn va neu 2 xe cung khoi lng th xe co van toc ln se sinh ra cong ln hn. .Hoat ong 2: Thanh lap cong thc tnh ong nang. Giai bai toan: Vat kl m chu tac dung cua lc khong oi F chuyen ong theo gia cua lc, i c quang ng s va van toc bien thien t v1 en v2 . Gi y: Da vao bieu thc tnh cong cua mot lc va cong thc ve chuyen ong thang bien oi eu, hay tm moi lien he gia cong sinh ra bi lc F tac dung len vat va khoi lng, van toc cua vat ? Xet trng hp vat chuyen ong t trang thai ng yen (v1 = 0) en trang thai co van toc (v2 = v). Cong cua lc sinh ra trong qua trnh thay oi chuyen ong cua vat t trang thai ng yen en trang thai co van toc v bang nang lng ma vat thu c trong qua trnh chuyen ong di tac dung cua lc F , nang lng nay goi la ong nang cua vat.

lng ma vat co c tac dung lc len vat do chuyen ong goi la khac va sinh cong. ong nang. Khi mot vat co ong nang th vat co the tac dung lc len vat khac va sinh ra cong. Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 ? Hay d oan ong nang cua vat phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nao ? Neu phng an TN kiem chng ?

Cong do lc F sinh ra:

1 2 A = F.s = m a.s = m (v2 v1 ) . . 2 2 1 1 2 A = mv2 mv1 2 2 2

II.Cong thc tnh ong nang: ong nang cua mot vat khoi lng m ang chuyen ong vi van toc v la nang lng ma vat co c do no ang chuyen ong va c xac nh theo cong thc:
W =

Khi v1 = 0 va v2 = v th:
A= 1 mv2 2

n v cua ong nang la Jun (J) ong nang la ai lng vo hng va co gia tr ln hn hoac bang khong. ong nang co tnh tng oi, phu thuoc vao moc tnh van toc.

1 mv2 2

ong nang: W =

1 mv2 2

Hoan thanh yeu cau C3 Van toc co tnh tng oi, phu thuoc vao

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vat chn lam moc.

K hieu la W. Viet cong thc tnh W. n v ong nang la n v cua nang lng: Tham khao bang 25.1 Jun k hieu J SGK e tm hieu mot Hoan thanh yeu cau so v du ve ong C3 nang. ong nang cua vat phu thuoc vao gia tr cua van toc, ma van toc co tnh g ? phu thuoc vao cai g ? ong nang co tnh tng oi, co gia tr phu thuoc vao moc e tnh van toc. .Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu nh l bien thien ong nang. o bien thien ong Xet mot vat chuyen III.Cong cua lc nang cua vat: di thang theo phng tac dung va o 1 1 cua lc F va thay oi bien thien ong 2 2 W = W2 W1 = mv2 mv1 2 2 van toc t v1 en v2. nang: nh l bien thien Hay so sanh cong ma lc Vay : A = W thc hien va o bien ong nang: Tiep thu, ghi nh. o bien thien thien ong nang cua vat Nhan xet: ong nang cua vat - Khi cong cua lc khi o ? cong cua Thong bao noi dung bang dng th ong nang cua nh l bien thien ngoai lc tac dung. cua vat tang. 1 1 - Khi cong cua lc ong nang. A = mv2 mv2 2 1 Nhan xet moi lien he 2 2 am th ong nang cua He qua: gia tac dung cua lc vat giam. Khi A > 0 th ong (cong dng hay am) va nang cua vat tang s tang (giam) cua ong (vat sinh cong am). nang cua vat ? Khi A < 0 th ong VD: khi phanh xe th o giam ong nang = cong nang cua vat giam (vat sinh cong dng) cua lc ma sat. .Hoat ong 4: Cung co, van dung, dan do: Cung co: Bieu thc, n v cua ong nang. nh l bien bien thien ong nang Van dung: Cau 1: Khi noi ve ong nang cua vat, phat bieu nao sau ay sai? A.Khong oi khi vat C thang eu B.Khong oi khi vat C thang vi gia toc khong oi C. Khong oi khi vat C tron eu D. Khong oi khi vat C vi gia toc bang khong Cau 2: Mot vat co khoi lng 500g ang chuyen ong vi van toc 10m/s. ong nang cua vat la: A. 25J B.250J C.5000J D.50J
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Dan do: Hoc bai va lam cac bai tap trong SGK Chuan b tiet sau lam bai tap ve ong nang, nh l bien thien ong nang.

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Tuan: 22 Tiet : 44 Ngay day: 06 02 - 07

Bai 26: THE NANG (Tiet 1)

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha trong trng, trong trng eu. Viet c bieu thc trong lc cua mot vat. - Phat bieu c nh ngha va viet c bieu thc cua the nang trong trng (the nang hap dan). nh ngha c khai niem moc the nang. Viet c he thc lien he gia o bien thien the nang va cong cua trong lc. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cong thc tnh the nang hap dan e giai cac bai tap c ban trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Tm nhng v du thc te ve nhng vat co the nang co the sinh cong. Hoc sinh: - On lai phan the nang, trong trng a hoc chng trnh THCS. - On lai cong thc tnh cong cua mot lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: o bien thien ong nang cua mot vat bang cong cua: A.Trong lc tac dung len vat o B.Lc phat ong tac dung len vat o C.Ngoai lc tac dung len vat o D.Lc ma sat tac dung len vat o Cau 2: Trong cac yeu to sau ay: I.Khoi lng II.o ln cua van toc III.He quy chieu IV.Hinh dang cua vat ong nang cua vat phu thuoc vao cac yeu to: A.I, II, III B.II, III, IV C.I, II, IV D.I, III, IV Cau 3: ong nang cua vat tang khi: A.Gia toc cua vat ln hn 0 B.Van toc cua vat ln hn 0 C.Cac lc tac dung len vat sinh cong dng D.Gia toc cua vat tang 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Nhac lai kien thc cu. at ra van e can nghien cu. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Mot hon a ang o cao h so vi mat at khi tha xuong hon a co the lam lun mat at. ieu nay chng to hon a co g ? Noi dung

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Nh vay khi mot vat co mot o cao nao o th co mang nang lng. Vay nang lng nay ton tai di dang nao ? phu thuoc vao yeu to nao ? bieu thc tnh ra sao ? ay la noi dung nghien cu cua bai. .Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu ve the nang trong trng (hay the nang hap dan). Tiep thu, ghi nh. Moi vat xung quanh Trai at eu chu tac dung cua lc hap dan do Trai at gay ra. Lc nay goi la trong lc. Ta noi rang xung quanh Trai at ton tai mot trong trng. Bieu hien cua trong trng la trong lc cua g vat: P =m Neu trong khoang khong gian nao ma co g nh nhau th trong khoang khong gian o trong trng la eu. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1 ? Qua ta bua may khi ri t tren cao xuong th ong coc ngap vao at, ngha la thc hien cong. Vay qua ta tren cao co nang lng. .Qua ta ri xuong la nh tac dung cua lc nao ? Do o dang nang lng nay goi la the nang hap dan (hay the nang trong trng), ky hieu la Wt .Xay dng bieu thc tnh the nang ? Gi y:The nang cua vat bang cong cua trong lc sinh ra trong qua trnh vat ri. I.The nang trong trng: 1.Trong trng: Bieu hien cua trong trng la s xuat hien trong lc tac dung g len vat: P =m Tai moi iemtrong trong trng co g nh nhau la trong trng eu.

.Thao luan tra li: phu thuoc o cao cua bua so vi mat at va khoi lng cua no. .La do qua ta tac dung cua lc dan gia vat va at (lc hut cua at). chu hap Trai Trai

.Cong cua lc: A = P.z = mgz .The nang dan: Wt = mgz

trong hap

.n v: m(kg); g(m/s2); z(m); Wt (J)

2.The nang trong trng: The nang trong trng (the nang hap dan) cua mot vat la dang nang lng tng tac gia Trai at va vat; phu thuoc vao v tr cua vat trong trong trng. Wt = mgz Trong o: z la o cao vat so vi moc the nang (the nang tai moc bang 0). Thong thng chon moc the nang la mat at.
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Viet bieu thc tnh cong cua trong lc. .n v cua cac ai lng ? .Hoan thanh yeu Lu y: z lao cao cau C3 cua vat so vi vat .Neu chon moc the chon lam moc e tnh the nang goi la moc nang tai v tr O th: the nang. Tuy theo Tai O the nang = 0 cach chon moc the Tai A the nang > 0 nang ma z co gia tr Tai B the nang < 0 khac nhau. Thong thng ngi ta chon moc the nang la mat at. The nang tai moc se bang khong. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C3 ? .Hoat ong 3: Lien he gia o giam the nang va cong cua trong lc. .The nang tai M: Wt(M) = mgzM The nang tai N: Wt(N) = mgzN .o giam the nang: Wt = Wt(M) - Wt(N) = mgzM mgzN = mg(zM zN) = mgMN = AMN .o giam the nang cua vat bang cong cua trong lc. Mot vat khoi lng m ri t iem M co o cao ZM en iem N co o cao ZN (ZM > ZN). The nang cua vat tang hay giam? Tm o giam the nang cua vat ? Ket luan g ? .Thc nghiem chng to cong thc van ung khi M va N khong cung nam tren ng thang ng va vat ang xet chuyen di t M en N theo qu ao bat ky. .Nhan xet lien he gia tac dung cua trong lc vi s tang (giam) the nang cua vat ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau C4 ? .Vay hieu the
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3)Lien he gia bien thien the nang va cong cua trong lc: o giam the nang cua vat gia hai iem bang cong cua trong lc di chuyen vat gia hai iem o: AMN = Wt(M) - Wt(N)

.Nhan xet: .Khi o cao giam, the nang giam, trong lc sinh cong dng. .Khi o cao tang, the nang tang, trong lc sinh cong am. .Hoan thanh yeu cau C4

.He qua: Khi vat giam o cao, the nang giam, trong lc sinh cong dng. Khi vat tang o cao, the nang tang, trong lc sinh cong am.

nang cua mot vat chuyen ong trong trong trng khong phu thuoc vao viec chon moc the nang. .Cung co, van dung, dan do: .Cung co: Khai niem trong trng, the nang, bieu thc the nang hap dan, lien he gia o giam the nang bang cong cua trong lc. Van dung: Cau 1: Khi noi ve the nang, phat bieu nao sau ay la ung? A.The nang trong trng luon mang gia tr dng v o cao z luon luon dng B.o giam the nang phu thuoc vao cach chon goc the nang C.ong nang va the nang eu phu thuoc tnh chat cua lc tac dung D.Trong trong trng, v tr cao hn vat luon co the nang ln hn Trong cac ai lng sau ay: I.ong lng II.ong nang III.Cong IV.The nang trong trng Cau 2: ai lng nao la ai lng vo hng? A.I, II, III B.I, III, IV C.II, III, IV D.I, II, IV Cau 3: ai lng nao luon luon dng ( hoac bang 0 )? A.I, II, III B.I, III, IV C.II, III, IV D.II Dan do: Hoc bai, lam bai tap 2, 3, 4, 5 SGK trang141. Chuan b phan con lai cua bai: Xem lai nh luat Hooke Cong thc tnh cong cua lc

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Tuan: 22 Tiet : 45 Ngay day: 09 02 - 07

Bai 26: THE NANG (Tiet 2)

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Phat bieu c nh ngha va viet c bieu thc cua the nang an hoi. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cong thc tnh the nang an e giai cac bai tap c ban trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Tm nhng v du thc te ve nhng vat co the nang co the sinh cong. Hoc sinh: - On lai phan the nang, trong trng a hoc chng trnh THCS. - On lai cong thc tnh cong cua mot lc. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: Mot vat khoi lng 10kg co the nang 15J oi vi mat at. Lay g = 10m/s2. Khi o, vat o cao bang bao nhieu ? A.0,5m B.0,15m C.15m D.10m Trong cac ai lng sau ay: I.ong lng II.ong nang III.Cong IV.The nang trong trng Cau 2: ai lng nao phu thuoc vao he quy chieu? A.I, II, III B.I, III, IV C.II, III, D.I, II, III, IV 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm hieu ve the nang an hoi. Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Khi b nen hoac b V sao khi b nen hoac gian lo xo se xuat hien gian lo xo co the thc lc dan hoi va co the cong (co nang lng) ? thc hien cong. Khi vat b nien dang an hoi th se co mot nang lng goi la the nang an hoi. Canh cung b uon Neu mot so v du cong, day thun b keo ve vat co the nang gian, an hoi ? Khi o bien dang cang The nang an hoi ln th lc an hoi cang phu thuoc vao o ln, kha nang sinh cong bien dang nh the cang ln va ngc lai. nao ? V sao ? Tnh cong cua lc an hoi ? F = k. l Theo nh luat Huc khi vat co o cng k b bien dang 1 oan l th Noi dung II.The nang hoi: an

1)Cong cua lc an hoi: Khi a lo xo co o cng k t trang thai bien dang l ve trang thai khong bien dang th cong thc hien bi
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Khi thay oi trang thai bien dang th l thay oi, o ln lc an hoi thay oi va khi trang thai khong bien dang th lc an hoi bang 0.

o ln lc an hoi lc an hoi c xac c xac nh nh the nh bang cong thc: 1 nao ? A = k(l)2 Khi lo xo t trang 2 thai bien dang ve trang thai khong bien dang th o ln cua lc an hoi nh the nao ? ( co thay oi khong ?). o ln trung bnh Quang ng di cua lc an hoi la: chuyen cua lc la: l F +0 1 Cong cua lc an Ftb = = k.l 2 2 hoi: Quang ng lc di 2)The nang an 1 1 A = Ftb.l = k.l.l = k(l)2 chuyen ? hoi: 2 2 The nang an hoi Cong cua lc an la dang nang lng cua mot vat chu tac n v:k (N/m); l (m); hoi ? dung cua lc an hoi. Wt (J) Ta nh ngha the Cong thc tnh the nang an hoi cua vat nang an hoi cua bang cong cua lc mot lo xo trang an hoi. thai co bien dang l Nhac lai ten va n la: v cua cac ai lng 1 Wt = k(l)2 trong cong thc ? 2 .Hoat ong 2: Cung co Van dung Dan do: Cung co: GV nhac lai nh ngha va bieu thc the nang hap dan va the nang an hoi. Van dung: 1).Vat khoi lng m gan vao au mot lo xo co o cng bang k, au kia cua lo xo co nh. Khi lo xo b nen mot oan l ( l< 0) th the nang dan hoi bang: A. 2)Mot lo xo treo thang ng mot au gan vat co khoi lng 500g. Biet o cng cua lo xo k = 200N/m. Khi vat v tr A, the nang an hoi cua lo xo la 4.10-2J (lay moc the nang tai v tr can bang cua vat), khi o o bien dang cua lo xo la: A.4,5cm B.2cm C.4.10-4m D.2,9cm Dan do: Bai tap ve nha: 6 SGK va cac bai tap con lai trong SBT. Chuan b tiet sau lam bai tap ve the nang
1 k( )2 l 2

B.

1 k(l) 2

C. k(l)2

1 2

D. k(l)

1 2

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Tuan: 23 Tiet : 46 Ngay day: 13 02 - 07

Bai 27: C NANG

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Viet c cong thc tnh c nang cua mot vat chuyen ong trong trong trng. Phat bieu c nh luat bao toan c nang cua mot vat chuyen ong trong trong trng. - Viet c cong thc tnh c nang cua mot vat chuyen ong di tac dung cua lc an hoi cua lo xo - Phat bieu c nh luat bao toan c nang cua mot vat chuyen ong di tac dung cua lc an hoi cua lo xo. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cong thc c nang nang cua mot vat chuyen ong di tac dung cua lc an hoi cua lo xo e giai mot so bai tap n gian. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Con lac n, lo xo. Hoc sinh: On lai kien thc a hoc ve ong nang, the nang, c nang a hoc chng trnh THCS. III.Phng phap: Neu van e, thao luan nhom IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Mot lo xo treo thang ng, mot au gan vat co khoi lng 1kg. Biet k = 100N/m. Khi vat v tr A, the nang an hoi cua lo xo la 0,5J (lay goc the nang tai v tr can bang cua vat), khi o o bien dang cua lo xo la: A.20cm B.2cm C.4.10-4m D.2,9cm 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: S bo nhan xet ve quan he gia ong nang va the nang cua mot vat chuyen ong trong trong trng: Hoat ong cua HS Tr giup cua GV Noi dung .Qua bong chuyen .Mot qua bong ong len cao cham c tung len cao. Qua dan eu roi dng lai: bong se chuyen ong khi o van toc qua the nao va ong bong giam nen ong nang, the nang cua nang giam va o cao qua bong thay oi ra tang nen the nang sao ? tang dan. .Nh vay trong qua .Sau o qua bong trnh chuyen ong ong ri nhanh dan en khi nang tang th the cham at: khi o van nang giam va ngc toc tang dan nen lai hay co s chuyen ong nang va o cao hoa qua lai gia chung. giam dan nen the Nhng tong cua ong nang giam dan. nang va c nang co bao toan khong ? Neu co th can co ieu kien g ?
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.Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu s bao toan c nang cua vat chuyen ong trong trong trng: Tiep thu, ghi nh. Thong bao nh ngha c nang cua vat chuyen ong trong trong trng. Bieu thc: I.C nang cua vat chuyen ong trong trong trng: 1/ nh ngha: Khi mot vat chuyen 1 ong trong trong trng W = W + Wt = mv2 th tong ong nang va 2 the nang cua vat goi + mgz .Xet vat co khoi la c nang: lng m chuyen ong W = W + W = 1 mv2 + t 2 khong ma sat trong mgz trong trng t v tr M en N. Trong qua trnh chuyen ong cua vat lc nao thc hien cong ? Cong nay lien he vi o bien thien ong nang va the nang cua vat ? .T bieu thc va viet, nhan xet quan he gia o bien thien 2/ S bao toan c cua vat ong nang va o nang chuyen ong trong giam the nang gia trong trng: hai v tr M va N ? Khi mot vat chuyen .T bieu thc hay tm ai lng nao la ong trong trong trng khong oi oi vi hai ch chu tac dung cua v tr M va N ? ( So sanh trong lc th c nang la gia tr c nang cua mot ai lng bao vat tai hai v tr M va toan: W = W + Wt = hang N ?). .Khi mot vat so 1 chuyen ong trong = mv2 + mgz = 2 trong trng ch chu hang so tac dung cua trong lc th c nang cua vat la mot ai lng bao 3/ He qua: Neu ong nang toan. giam th the nang tang Bieu thc: nang chuyen W = W + Wt = hang (ong hoa thanh the nang) so va ngc lai. 1 mv2 + mgz = hang Tai v tr ong nang 2 cc ai th the nang so .Neu ong nang cc tieu va ngc lai. giam th the nang ntn ? . Cung mot v tr
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.Trong lc thc hien cong. .Cong cua trong lc = o bien thien ong nang: AMN = W(N) - W(M) .Cong cua trong lc = o giam the nang: AMN = Wt(M) - Wt(N) Suy ra: W(N) - W(M) = Wt(M) Wt(N)

W(N) + Wt(N) = W(M) +Wt(M) Hay W(N) = W(M) W = W + Wt = hang so

. Neu ong nang giam th the nang tang va ngc lai. . Neu ong nang cc ai th the nang cc tieu va ngc lai. . Hoan thanh yeu cau C1

neu ong nang cc ai th the nang ntn ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1 ? .Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu c nang cua vat ch chu tac dung cua lc an hoi: .Wt =
1 k( l)2 2

.Tiep thu, ghi nh

. Hoan thanh yeu cau C2

.Cong thc tnh the nang cua vat chu tac dung cau lc an hoi .Thong bao cong thc tnh c nang va phat bieu nh luat bao toan c nang cua vat chuyen ong di tac dung cua lc an hoi.

II.C nang cua vat chu tac dung cua lc an hoi: Khi mot vat chuyen ong ch chu tac dung cua lc an hoi th c nang cua vat la ai lng bao toan: W=
1 1 mv2 + k( l)2= 2 2

hang so

.Hoan thanh yeu cau C2 ? .Cung co, van dung, dan do: .Cung co: nh ngha c nang, nh luat bao toan c nang cho vat chuyen ong ch chu tac dung cua trong lc hoac lc an hoi .Van dung: Cau 1: C nang la mot ai lng: A.Luon luon dng. B.Luon luon dng hoac bang khong. C.Co the dng, am hoac bang khong. D.Luon luon khac khong. Cau 2: T iem M (co o cao so vi mat at 1,2m) nem len mot vat vi van toc ban au 2m/s. Biet khoi lng cua vat bang 0,5 kg. Lay g = 10m/s2. C nang cua vat bang bao nhieu ? A.6J B.7J C.5J D.Mot gia tr khac. .Dan do: Hoc bai, lam bai tap 7, 8 trang 145 SGK Xem lai cac cong thc phan : ong nang, the nang e tiet sau sa bai tap

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Tuan: 23 Tiet : 47 Ngay day: 23 02 07

BAI TAP
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Cung co kien thc ve ong nang, the nang va c nang, nh luat bao toan c nang. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung cac kien thc a hoc e giai mot so bai tap ve ong nang, the nang va c nang, nh luat bao toan c nang II.Chuan b: Giao vien: Chuan b e bai tap, phng phap giai quyet bai toan. Hoc sinh: On lai cong thc ve ong nang, the nang va c nang, nh luat bao toan c nang. III.Phng phap: IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1: C nang la mot ai lng: A.Luon luon dng. B.Luon luon dng hoac bang khong. C.Co the dng, am hoac bang khong. D.Luon luon khac khong. Cau 2: Mot vat nho c nem len t mot iem M pha tren mat at; vat len ti iem N th dng va ri xuong. Bo qua sc can cua khong kh. Trong qua trnh MN: A.ong nang tang B.The nang giam C.C nang cc ai tai N D.C nang khong oi e bai tap: S dung d kien sau cho cau 1, 2, 3: Mot vat nem thang ng len cao vi van toc 6m/s. Lay g = 10m/s2. Cau 1:o cao cc ai cua vat nhan gia tr nao sau ay: A.h = 2,4m B. h = 2m C. h = 1,8m D. h = 0,3m Cau 2: o cao nao sau ay th the nang bang ong nang: A.h = 0,45m B. h = 0,9m C. h = 1,15m D. h = 1,5m Cau 3: o cao nao th the nang bang mot na ong nang ? A.h = 0,6m B. h = 0,75m C. h = 1m D. h = 1,25m Cau 4: Mot vat c nem thang ng len cao vi van toc 2m/s th o cao cc ai cua vat (tnh t iem nem) la: (cho g = 10m/s2) A.0,2m B.0,4m C.2m D.20m Cau 5: Mot lo xo treo thang ng, mot au gan vat co khoi lng 500g. Biet k = 200N/m. Khi vat v tr A, the nang an hoi cua lo xo la 4.10 -2J (lay goc the nang tai v tr can bang cua vat), khi o o bien dang cua lo xo la: A.4,5cm B.2cm C.4.10-4m D.2,9cm Cau 6: Mot vat khoi lng 200g c nem thang ng len cao vi van toc ban au 10m/s. Cho g = 10m/s2, bo qua sc can khong kh. Khi vat len en v tr cao nhat th trong lc a thc hien mot cong la: A.10J B.20J C. -10J D.-20J Cau 7: Mot vat khoi lng 1kg co the nang 1J oi vi mat at. Lay g = 9,8m/s2. Khi o, vat o cao bang bao nhieu ? A.0,102m B.1m C.9,8m D.32m
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ap an va hng dan: Cau 1: Chon moc the nang tai v tr nem: C nang tai A (cho nem): WA = C nang tai B (iem cao nhat) : WB =mghmax nh luat bao toan c nang: WA = WB hmax
v2 0 = = 1,8m Chon C 2g
1 mv2 = mghmax 0 2

1 mv2 0 2

Cau 2: Goi h la o cao tai M ma tai o the nang bang ong nang. Ta co: WM = WM + WtM = 2mgh nh luat bao toan c nang: WM = WB 2mgh = mghmax h h= max = 0,9m Chon B 2 Cau 3: Goi h la o cao tai N ma tai o the nang bang na ong nang. Ta co: WN = WN + WtN = 3mgh nh luat bao toan c nang: WN = WB 3mgh = mghmax h h= max = 0,6m Chon A 3 Cau 4: Ap dung nh luat bao toan c nang:
v2 1 mv2 = mgh h = 0 = 0,2m Chon A 0 2 2g P 1 2 Cau 5: l = l0 + l1 ; l0 = l0 = 2,5cm ; k l 1 = Wt k 2

l1 = 2cm l = 4,5cm Chon A Cau 6: Ap dung nh l ong nang: A = W2 W1

1 mv2 = -10J Chon C 2 Wt = 1 02m Chon A , Cau 7: T Wt = mgh h = mg

A=0-

.Dan do: Xem lai cac bai tap a giai e tiet sau tiep tuc giai bai tap ve ong nang, the nang, c nang.

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Tuan: 24 Tiet : 48 Ngay day: 27 02 07

Phan hai:

NHIET HOC Chng v: CHAT KH

Bai 28: CAU TAO CHAT THUYET ONG HOC PHAN T CHAT KH
I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Neu c noi dung c ban ve cau tao chat. - Neu c v du chng to gia cac phan t co lc hut va lc ay. - Neu c nh ngha kh l tng. - So sanh c cac the kh, long, ran ve cac mat: loai nguyen t, phan t, tng tac nguyen t, phan t va chuyen ong nhiet. 2.Ve ky nang: - Van dung c cac ac iem ve khoang cach gia cac phan t, ve chuyen ong phan t, tng tac phan t e giai thch cac ac iem ve the tch va hnh dang cua vat chat the kh, the long, the ran. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Dung cu lam th nghiem hnh 28.4 SGK (khong co) - Mo hnh mo ta s ton tai cua lc hut va lc ay phan t va hnh 28.5 SGK. Hoc sinh: - On lai nhng kien thc ve cau tao chat a hoc chng trnh THCS. III.Phng phap: IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: khong 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: On lai nhng kien thc a hoc ve cau tao chat: Tr giup cua GV Hoat ong cua HS .Ca nhan suy ngh .Da vao kien thc tra li. a hoc lp 8 e giai thch: Khi tron ng vao nc lam nc co v ngot ? Bong cao su sau khi bm buoc chat van c b xep dan ? Hoa bot mau vao trong nc am . Cac chat c cau nhanh hn nc lanh ? .Nhac lai kien thc tao t cac hat rieng biet goi la nguyen t, a hoc ve cau tao chat ? phan t. Gia cac nguyen t, phan t co khoang cach. Noi dung

I.Cau tao chat: 1/ Nhng ieu a hoc ve cau tao chat: - Cac chat c cau tao t cac hat rieng biet goi la phan t. - Cac phan t chuyen ong khong ngng. - Cac phan t chuyen ong cang
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 Cac nguyen t, phan t chuyen ong khong ngng. Nhiet o cua vat cang cao th cac nguyen t, phan t cau tao nen vat chuyen ong cang nhanh

nhanh th nhiet o cua vat cang cao.

.Hoat ong 2: Tm hieu ve lc tng tac gia cac phan t, nguyen t: .Neu cac phan t cau tao nen vat chuyen ong khong ngng th tai sao vat khong b ra ra thanh tng phan t rieng re ma lai co the gi c hnh dang va the tch cua chung ? .Cac phan t tng tac vi nhau bang lc oc SGK tra li: hut va lc ay phan .Neu khoang cach t. o ln cua lc nho th lc ay ln hn phu thuoc vao khoang lc hut va ngc lai. cach gia cac phan t. .Thao luan, ai .o ln cua lc dien nhom tra li. hut va lc ay gia cac phan t phu thuoc nh the nao vao khoang cach gia cac phan t ? .Hoan thanh yeu cau C1, C2 .Khi cac phan t rat gan nhau th co mot lc hut ang ke.

2/ Lc tng tac phan t: - Cac phan t tng tac nhau bang lc hut va lc ay. - Khoang cach gia cac phan t nho th lc ay ln hn lc hut va ngc lai.

.Hoat ong 3: Tm hieu cac ac iem cua cac the kh, ran, long: .Cac chat ton tai nhng trang thai nao ? Lay v du tng ng ? .Neu nhng iem khac biet gia nhng trang thai o ? 3/ Cac the ran, long, kh: - the kh cac phan t xa nhau, lc tng tac yeu, chat kh khong co the tch va hnh dang rieng. Chat kh co the tch chiem trang 90

.oc SGK va giai toan bo bnh cha, co thch iem khac biet the nen de dang. - the ran cac gia nhng trang thai? phan t gan nhau, lc tng tac rat manh, chat ran co the tch va hnh dang rieng xac nh. - the long lc tng tac gia cac phan t ln hn the kh nhng nh hn the ran, chat long co the tch xac nh co hnh dang cua phan bnh cha no.. .Hoat ong 4: Phat bieu noi dung c ban cua thuyet ong hoc phan t chat kh. Tm hieu khai niem kh l tng. II.Thuyet ong hoc phan t chat kh: 1/ Noi dung c ban cua thuyet ong hoc phan t chat kh: Chat kh c cau tao t cac phan t co kch thc rat nho so vi khoang cach gia chung. Cac phan t kh chuyen on g hon loan khong ngng; chuyen ong nay cang nhanh th nhiet o chat kh cang cao. Khi chuyen ong hon loan cac phan t kh va cham vao thanh bnh gay ap suat len thanh bnh. 2/ Kh l tng: Chat kh trong o cac phan t c coi la cac chat iem va ch tng tac khi va cham goi la kh l tng.

.oc SGK

.Gii thieu thuyet ong hoc phan t chat kh.

.Yeu cau HS oc .Neu nh ngha kh muc II trong SGK. l tng. .nh ngha kh l tng ? .Khong kh va cac chat kh ieu kien bnh thng ve nhiet o va ap suat cung co the coi la kh l tng.

.Cung co, van dung, dan do: .Cung co: Cau tao chat, thuyet ong hoc phan t chat kh, nh ngha kh l tng .Van dung:
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Cau 1: Tnh chat nao sau ay khong phai la cua phan t vat chat the kh ? A.Chuyen ong hon on va khong ngng. B.Chuyen ong hon on va va cham vao thanh bnh gay ra ap suat len thanh bnh. C.Chuyen ong hon on xung quanh cac v tr can bang co nh. D.Chuyen ong hon on va gia hai lan va cham quy ao cua phan t kh la ng thang. Cau 2: Cau nao sau ay noi ve lc tng tac phan t la khong ung ? A.Lc phan t ch ang ke khi cac phan t rat gan nhau. B.Lc hut phan t co the nho hn lc ay phan t. C. Lc hut phan t khong the ln hn lc ay phan t. D. Lc hut phan t co the bang lc ay phan t. .Dan do: Hoc bai, lam bai tap trong SGK trang 154, 155. Chuan b bai mi "Qua trnh ang nhiet. nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot" Chat kh co nhng trang thai nao ? The nao la qua trnh ang nhiet ? Noi dung nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot

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Tuan: 24 Tiet : 49 Ngay day: 02 03 07

Bai 29: QUA TRNH ANG NHIET NH LUAT BOI-L - MA-RI-OT

I.Muc tieu: 1.Ve kien thc: - Nhan biet va phan biet c: "trang thai" va "qua trnh" - Neu c nh ngha qua trnh ang nhiet. - Phat bieu va viet c bieu thc cua nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot 2.Ve ky nang: - X l so lieu thu c t thc nghiem va van dung vao viec xac nh moi quan he gia ap suat va the tch trong qua trnh ang nhiet. - Van dung c nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot e giai cac bai tap trong SGK va cac bai tap tng t. II.Chuan b: Giao vien: - Dung cu lam th nghiem hnh 29.1 va 29.2 SGK - Bang phu ve khung cua bang "ket qua th nghiem". Hoc sinh: - Moi nhom HS 1 bang phu ke o li e ve ng ang nhiet. III.Phng phap: IV.Tien trnh day hoc: 1)On nh: Kiem dien 2)Kiem tra: Cau 1:Tnh chat nao sau ay khong phai la cua phan t ? A.Chuyen ong khong ngng. B.Gia cac phan t co khoang cach. C.Co luc ng yen, co luc chuyen ong. D.Chuyen ong cang nhanh th nhiet o cua vat cang cao. Cau 2: Khi khoang cach gia cac phan t rat nho, th gia cac phan t : A.Ch co lc hut. B.Ch co lc ay. C.Co ca lc hut va lc ay, nhng lc ay ln hn lc hut. D.Co ca lc hut va lc ay, nhng lc ay nho hn lc hut. 3)Hoat ong day hoc: .Hoat ong 1: Tm hieu khai niem thong so trang thai. Phat hien van e can nghien cu: Tr giup cua GV .Trang thai cua mot lng kh c xac inh bang bang the tch V, ap suat p va nhiet o T.Nhng ai lng nay goi la thong so trang thai cua mot lng kh. .D oan: Gii thieu dung cu th - Ap suat tang, the nghiem. tch tang, va ngc lai Hoat ong cua HS .Tiep thu, ghi nh. Noi dung I.Trang thai va qua trnh bien oi trang thai: Trang thai kh c xac nh bang 3 thong so: the tch V, nhiet o T va ap suat P. II.Qua trnh dang nhiet: Qua trnh bien oi trang thai trong o trang 93

- Ap suat kh tang, the tch giam va ngc lai. - Ap suat kh khong thay oi khi the tch tang hoac giam.

.D oan s thay nhiet o c gi oi cua ap suat kh khong oi goi la qua trong bnh khi tang trnh ang nhiet. (giam) the tch lng kh ?

.Khi di chuyen pittong Tien hanh lan lt th tc la lam thay oi nghiem: the tch. Chu y: Lng kh .Quan sat ch so ap trong bnh la khong oi suat va the tch tng .Khi di chuyen ng. pittong tc la thay oi thong so nao ? . cung nhiet o .Quan sat ong ho ap suat tang khi giam o ap suat tng ng the tch va ngc lai. vi tng the tch e lay so lieu ? . cung nhiet o: Ap suat co moi lien he nh the nao vi the tch ? .Nh vay gia cac thong so trang thai co mot moi lien he xac nh. Lam the nao e tm c moi lien he nh lng gia ap suat va the tch cua mot lng kh khi nhiet o khong oi ? .Hoat ong 2: Phat bieu va viet bieu thc cua nh luat Boi-l - Ma-riot: .Trong qua trnh ang nhiet, vi cung mot lng kh, khi ap suat tang th the tch giam va ngc lai. .Tiep thu, ghi nh. .T ket qua thu II.nh luat Boi-l c, hay phat bieu Ma-ri-ot moi quan he gia ap Trong qua trnh ang suat va the tch cua nhiet cua mot lng kh mot lng kh trong qua nhat nh, ap suat t le nghch vi the tch. trnh ang nhiet. .Hoan chnh phat p 1 hay pV = hang V bieu cua HS thanh noi so dung nh luat. .Hoat ong 3: Ve va nhan dang ng ang nhiet: thanh ang yeu IV.ng nhiet: ng bieu dien s trang 94 p O
T2>T1 T2 1 T

.Hoan thanh yeu .Hoan cau C2 tren giay a cau C2 ?

chuan b theo tng .Theo doi, hng bien thien cua ap nhom. suat theo the tch khi dan HS. nhiet o khong oi goi .La ng hypebol .ng bieu dien la ng ang nhiet .Tiep thu, ghi nh. co dang g ? .ng bieu dien s bien thien cua ap suat theo the tch khi nhiet o khong oi goi la ng ang nhiet co dang la ng .Cao hn hypebol. .ng vi 1 nhiet o co 1 ng ang nhiet. .ng tren ng vi nhiet o nh the nao oi vi ng di ? .Cung co, van dung, dan do: .Cung co: nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot .Van dung: Cau 1: Trong tap hp 3 ai lng di ay, tap hp nao xac nh trang thai cua lng kh xac nh ? A.The tch, ap suat, khoi lng B.Khoi lng, ap suat, nhiet o C.Nhiet o, khoi lng, ap suat D.The tch, ap suat, nhiet o. Cau 2: He thc nao khong phu hp vi nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot ? A. p
1 V

B. V p

C.V p

D.p1V1 = p2V2

.Dan do: Hoc bai, lam bai tap 5, 7, 8, 9 SGK trang 159 Chuan b tiet sau sa bai tap ve thuyet ong hoc phan t, nh luat Boi-l - Ma-ri-ot.

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