COMBUSTION REACTION

Complete combustion Alkenes + Oxygen e.g: Carbon Dioxide + water

C2H4 + 3O2

2CO2 + 2 H2O

Incomplete combustion???

ADDITION REACTIONS
A molecule is added to the two carbon atoms of a double bond. One of the bonds that is part of the double bond between the carbon atoms is broken. The pair of electrons that forms this bond is then shared with the molecule that is added. The product is a saturated compound.

ADDITION REACTIONS
C = C + A B C C A B

(I) Addition Of Hydrogen (I) Addition of hydrogen (Hydrogenation)

alkenes + hydrogen gas e.g: H H C= C H
+ H H

alkanes H H

H C C H H H

(II) Addition Of Halogens (Halogenation)

Alkenes + Halogens e.g: H H C = C + Br H H Br Haloalkanes H H

H C C H Br Br

(III) Addition Of Hydrogen halides

Alkenes + Hydrogen halides E.g: H H Br C= C + H H H Haloalkanes H H H C C H H Br

(IV) Addition Of Water

Alkenes + Water e.g H H OH Alcohol H H

C= C + H H H

H C C H H OH

(V) Addition Of Acidified Potassium Manganate (VII) (Oxidation)

Alkenes + Acidified Potassium
e.g

Manganate(VII)

`Diol compound H H H C C H OH OH
ethane-1,2-diol

C = C + H2O + [O] H H

POLYMERIZATION
Monomers E.g Ethenes H H H H Polymer Polythene H H ~C C H H C C~

C = C + C = C+.. H H H H

H H

H H

 The polymerization of ethene is carried out by heating ethene to 100-300 C and a pressure of 1200 atm. In general, H H n C= C H H H H

~ C C ~ H H n

*( n is any number between 50 to 20,000 )

ADDITION REACTION
Reaction between ethene and bromine gas

Br Br

Br C C Br

Br Br

Br Br

C Br

Br

C Br

C Br

C Br

C Br

C Br

C Br

C Br

Br