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Introduction To Engineering Graphics
Introduction To Engineering Graphics
Topics
Graphic Language & Design CAD Systems Sketching Techniques Lettering Geometric Constructions Multiview Projection Dimensioning Sectional Views Auxiliary Views Tolerancing Working Drawings
Terminology
CAD: Computer Aided Design CADD: Computer Aided Design & Drafting CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing CIM: CAE: Computer Integrated Manufacturing Computer Assisted Engineering
Reading Drawings: Interpreting drawings made by others Technical Drawing: Drawings used to express technical ideas Engineering Design Graphics: Technical Drawings representing designs & specifications for physical objects
Objective
How to use sketching as an effective tool in the engineering design process
Freehand Sketching
Freehand sketching is used in engineering graphics to quickly communicate your ideas or designs. Drawing instruments and CAD are not always available, especially during field work Freehand sketching is not sloppy sketching! Your sketches need to be interpreted by others on your design team use good lettering.
Overview
Sketching Review Pictorials
Perspective Parallel projection
Sketching (review)
Definition
A rough freehand drawing used to document, communicate, and refine ideas developed primarily in the ideation phase of the design process
A developed skill Should be the first step of any CAD or mechanical drawing (including homework assignments)
Pictorial Sketches
Definition: A sketch developed for ease of visualization that shows an objects height, width, and depth in a single view Particularly useful for non-technical audiences non Assembly drawings Marketing
Pictorial Sketches
Parallel Projection
Parallel lines are always drawn parallel Easy to draw Two common types
Oblique Pictorials Isometric Pictorials
Perspective Projection
Conveys information about distance and size Not as common as parallel projection
Lines which are perpendicular to the front face are drawn at an angle of 45o
Cabinet Oblique
Depth is drawn to 1/2 of full size Depth appears more accurate (2/3 is best)
Circular features which are not parallel to the front plane appear elliptical
Axonometric Pictorials
Isometric Height drawn along vertical axis Width and depth drawn at 30o to horizontal axis
Tools
Pencils
Use a mechanical pencil (0.5mm lead) Practice using different pressure to produce desired linet ypes (construction lines)
Paper
Square grid and tracing paper is often useful
Eraser
A good eraser is worth the investment Do not overuse your eraser (save some mistakes)
Mechanics of Sketching
Drawing straight lines Drawing curved lines Using a bounding box
Draw boundary lines of internal features starting with the largest features Sketch dark object lines using light boundary lines as a guide
Summary
Engineering drawing can be a universal language to communicate your ideas. The engineering design process uses sketching and CAD to communicate and record ideas.