Teaching plan: Immunization

Profile: Name: Refuerzo, Diagnosis: G1P1 (1 0 0 1) Delivered NSD to alive baby boy Description of the Learner: The Learner is a 20 y/o mother G1P1 and currently living on Gilbraltar Baguio City. According to the mother it was her first time to deliver a baby and she admitted that she is not aware on what are the dos and donts in taking care of a child. The mother also was young and yet not prepared for having a baby I. Learning needs Diagnoses: knowledge deficit :Immunization of a child, related to lack of information on immunization and first time to experience having a child Cues: According to the mother it was her first time to have a baby The mother admitted that she is not aware of the dos and donts in taking care of a child The mother also is still young and probably not ready enough to have a baby Objective: After 15 minutes of client teaching, the client will be able to verbalize understanding on the immunization needed by a child at its purpose

II.

Content
The importance of immunization Immunization is one of the most important and cost-effective interventions that the governments health system can provide to the poor and most vulnerable populations. Routine immunization of children and women leads to the control and eventual eradication of preventable diseases.

Time frame
3 minutes

Methodology/Strategy

Lecture-discussion with pamphlet, student knowledge, patient time and cooperation Lecture-discussion with pamphlet, student knowledge, patient time and cooperation

What are the protection they can get on having immunization

The recommended immunization schedule for child/ infants includes vaccination protection against all of the following diseases: Bacterial Meningitis Diphtheria Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Influenza Measles Mumps Pertussis (whooping cough) Pneumococcal disease Polio Rubella (German measles) Tetanus (lockjaw) Rotavirus Varicella (chickenpox)

3 minutes

General Principles in Infants/Children Immunization

3 minutes

Because measles kills, it is safe to vaccinate a sick child who is suffering from a minor illness (cough, cold, diarrhea, fever or malnutrition) or who has already been vaccinated against measles. If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart. Instead, the schedule should be resumed using minimal intervals between doses to catch up as quickly as possible.[ Vaccine combinations (few exceptions), antibiotics, low-dose steroids (less than 20 mg per day), minor infections with low fever (below 38.5 Celsius), diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney or liver disease, heart or lung disease, non-progressive encephalopathy, well controlled epilepsy or advanced age, are not contraindications to vaccination. Contrary to what the majority of doctors may think, vaccines against hepatitis B and tetanus can be applied in any period of the pregnancy . There are very few true contraindication and precaution conditions. Only two of these conditions are generally considered to be permanent: severe (anaphylactic) allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine, and encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination . Only the diluent supplied by the manufacturer should be used to reconstitute a freeze-dried vaccine. A sterile needle and sterile syringe must be used for each vial for adding the diluent to the powder in a single vial or ampoule of freeze-dried vaccine. The only way to be completely safe from exposure to blood-borne diseases from injections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to use one sterile needle, one sterile syringe for each child.

Lecture-discussion with pamphlet, student knowledge, patient time and cooperation

The exact immunization given to a child and the right time of giving them and the reason why it is being given

7 minutes

Lecture-discussion with pamphlet, student knowledge, patient time and cooperation

Vaccine

Minimum Number Age of Dose at 1st Doses Dose

Minimum Interval Between Doses

Route

Site

Reason

Bacillus CalmetteGurin

Birth or anytime after birth

0.05 mL

--

Intradermal

BCG given at earliest possible age Right protects the deltoid possibility of region of TB meningitis the arm and other TB infections in which infants are prone[3] An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis[4]. The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given. Keeps the Philippines polio-free[5].

DiptheriaPertussisTetanus Vaccine

6 weeks

0.5 mL

4 weeks

Upper outer Intramuscular portion of the thigh

Oral Polio Vaccine

6 weeks

2-3 drops

4 weeks

Oral

Mouth

Hepatitis B Vaccine

At birth

An early start of Hepatitis B vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier[6]. Prevents liver 6 weeks interval cirrhosis and from liver cancer 1st dose to 2nd Upper which are dose, outer 0.5 mL Intramuscular more likely to 8 weeks interval portion of develop if from the thigh infected with 2nd dose to third Hepatitis B dose. early in life[7] [8]. About 9,000 die of complications of Hepatits B. 10% of Filipinos have Hepatitis B infection[9]

Measles Vaccine (not MMR)

9 months

0.5 mL

--

At least 85% Upper of measles outer can be Subcutaneous portion of prevented by the arms immunization at this age[10].

III.

Evaluation:

Instant oral feedback and Question and answer

IV.

References: Potter and Perry; Fundamentals of Nursing 6th edition Limone and Burke; Principles of Medical-Surgical Nursing Critical thinking in client care Fourth Edition Pilletteri ; Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and Childrearing Family

Childhood

IMMUNIZATIONS
Prevention is BETTER than Cure
Immunization is one of the most important and cost-effective interventions that the governments health system can provide to the poor and most vulnerable populations. Routine immunization of children and women leads to the control and eventual eradication of preventable diseases The recommended immunization schedule for child/ infants includes vaccination protection against all of the following diseases:
Bacterial Meningitis Diphtheria Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Influenza Measles Mumps

Pertussis (whooping cough) Pneumococcal disease Polio Rubella (German measles) Tetanus (lockjaw) Rotavirus Varicella (chickenpox)

and tetanus can be applied in any period of the pregnancy. There are very few true contraindication and precaution conditions. Only two of these conditions are generally considered to be permanent: severe (anaphylactic) allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine, and encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination. Only the diluent supplied by the manufacturer should be used to reconstitute a freeze-dried vaccine. A sterile needle and sterile syringe must be used for each vial for adding the diluent to the powder in a single vial or ampoule of freeze-dried vaccine. The only way to be completely safe from exposure to blood-borne diseases from injections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to use one sterile needle, one sterile syringe for each child. Preapared by: Mark Felimon S. Sapongay SLU SON IV-B4

General Principles in Infants/Children Immunization

Because measles kills, it is safe to vaccinate a sick child who is suffering from a minor illness (cough, cold, diarrhea, fever or malnutrition) or who has already been vaccinated against measles. If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart. Instead, the schedule should be resumed using minimal intervals between doses to catch up as quickly as possible.[ Vaccine combinations (few exceptions), antibiotics, low-dose steroids (less than 20 mg per day), minor infections with low fever (below 38.5 Celsius), diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney or liver disease, heart or lung disease, non-progressive encephalopathy, well controlled epilepsy or advanced age, are not contraindications to vaccination. Contrary to what the majority of doctors may think, vaccines against hepatitis B

The exact immunization given to a child and the right time of giving them and the reason why it is being given Minimum Age at 1st Dose

Vaccine

Number Minimum of Dose Interval Doses Between Doses

0.05 mL

Route

Site

Reason

Bacillus Calmette- Birth or anytime Gurin after birth

--

Intradermal

Right deltoid BCG given at earliest possible age protects the region of the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB arm infections in which infants are prone[3]

DiptheriaPertussis-Tetanus Vaccine

6 weeks

0.5 mL

4 weeks

Upper outer Intramuscular portion of the thigh

An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis[4].

Oral Polio Vaccine

6 weeks

2-3 drops

4 weeks

Oral

Mouth

The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given. Keeps the Philippines polio-free[5].

Hepatitis B Vaccine

At birth

An early start of Hepatitis B vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming 6 weeks interval from a carrier[6]. Upper outer 1st dose to 2nd dose, Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer which 0.5 mL Intramuscular portion of the 8 weeks interval from are more likely to develop if infected with thigh 2nd dose to third dose. Hepatitis B early in life[7] [8]. About 9,000 die of complications of Hepatits B. 10% of Filipinos have Hepatitis B infection[9] 0.5 mL -Upper outer Subcutaneous portion of the arms At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age[10].

Measles Vaccine 9 months (not MMR) 1