UMTS Radio Network Planning

2008-5-11
Security Level: confidential
UMTS Radio Network Planning

3G network planning introduce
www.huawei.com
Huawei Northwest Africa Region RNP Solution Manage: William.chen William.chen@huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com
Agenda
New feature for WCDMA

Handover Power control Interference
3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com
Huawei Confidential
Page 2
WCDMA feature-Soft handover

n Soft/Softer handover
nSoft handover: Multi connection with different NodeB nSofter handover: Multi connection with different cell belong to one NodeB
nSoft/Softer handover can help us hear the voice from more far!! nSoft/Softer handover can help us improve the handover successful!
Huawei Confidential
Page 3
WCDMA feature-Power Control

n Power control
Tx Power
Frequency is very high: 1500Hz
I can hear very clearly, Down Tx power I can not hear clearly, Up Tx power n n
lNear Point
Less Tx Power, Save Power Less Interference
Distance from NodeB lFar Point

nSmooth
Rx Level, Improve QoS
Huawei Confidential
Page 4
WCDMA feature-Interference
n Interference
n What is Interference for WCDMA?
All the Cell in same carry use same frequency
n Where does Interference come?
Carry1
Carry2
Carry3
frequency Same as GSM, interference comes from frequency
n n
edge of Cell
Central of Cell
Most come from own Cell, less from neighbor cell
Most come from neighbor Cell, less from own cell
How far I can hear you depend on both your voice strength and other people noise
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com Huawei Confidential Page 5
WCDMA feature-Service
n Service
Radio Bearers n AMR Voice n Video Call All Service are carried by different Radio Bearers n PS R99 n PS HSPA n MBMS n .
UMTS Radio Network Planning focus on the all kinds of bear service, how far and how many. Based on the experience of GSM, combined with knowledge of WCDMA feature, everyone can be an WCDMA RNP expert.
Huawei Confidential
Page 6
Agenda
New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP
Huawei Confidential
Page 7
UMTS Network Planning Workflow

Preparation
Discussed by Mobilis and Huawei
n Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban ) n QoS criteria (Consecutive Service, BLER) n Capacity requirement (Subscriber, traffic model) n Link budget parameters (Penetration loss, Propagation model)
The output of dimension is important criteria to assess RNP solution
n Link budget n Capacity dimension n Iub and CE dimension n Network development solution
Huawei deliver
Dimension Planning
n Site selection n Propagation model tuning n Site survey/candidate site search n 2G information
Nominal Planning
Mobilis and Huawei do the planning jointly
Network Deployment
n Neighbor cell configuration n LAC/RAC planning n Cell parameters configuration n Algorithm configuration
Detailed Planning
Huawei Confidential
Page 8
Different emphasis for planning phases

100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0
Mature Phase
n Capacity is emphasis; n Capacity expansion solution is important n High spectrum efficiency
Development phase
n This phase focus on balance
Long term development and expansion solution!!
of coverage and capacity; n Hotspot and dense urban absorb capacity; n Coverage extension to rural and highway; n Provide abstract service, new feature such as HSPA, MBMS are important.
0 0 3 3 6 6 9 9 12 12 15 15 18 18 21 21 24 24 27 27 30 30 33 33 36 36 39 39 42 42 45 45 48 48 0 Number of Sites Number of Sites
2G Resources
Initial phase
n Initial phase focus on the coverage; n Hotspot and Dense urban are first target; n Reuse 2G resource, save investment; n Provide 3G feature service;
Optimization and new feature deployment!!
Experience and Deep communication!!

Huawei Confidential Page 9
Agenda
New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP
Huawei Confidential
Page 10
Coverage Dimension
Aim of coverage dimensioning
n to obtain the cell radius n to estimate NodeB number for coverage
Dimension Start
Input parameters
Link budget
Propagation model Coverage area
Max Pathloss
Cell Radius
NodeB Number
Huawei Confidential
Page 11
Step1:continue coverage service

Determine the continue coverage service
n Initial coverage focus on 3G feature service such AMR and VP; n UL 64k PS service combine with HSPA can meet high throughput requirement.
PS 384K
PS 128K
VP 64K
AMR 12.2K
Huawei Suggests
n n PS128K or CS64K is the consecutive coverage service in the Urban and Dense Urban PS 64K or AMR 12.2K is the consecutive coverage service in the Suburban or Rural Area
Huawei Confidential Page 12
Step2:Configure link budget parameters

It is suggested that Mobilis fix the environment parameters, and vendor provides the equipment parameters.
Equipment parameters
Tx Power Antenna Gain Body Loss Noise figure Fast Fading Margin Slow Fading Margin
Reference value
UL:21dBm/DL AMR:30dBm NodeB:18dBi, UE:0dBi 3dB(AMR),0dB(other) UL:7dB UL:1.1dB for Dense Urban 3.8dB for Dense Urban
Environment parameters
Consecutive service Cell load Penetration Loss Coverage Probability Coverage channel model
Reference value
VP for Dense Urban UL:50%,DL 75% for R99 18dB for Dense Urban 95% for Dense Urban TU3 for Dense Urban
Huawei Confidential
Page 13
Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some equipment parameters are recommended by 3GPP, it is usually fixed in link budget.
n BLER (Block Error Rate) Continued service
AMR Video call PS64K/PS384 HSDPA
n Body Loss 3dB for AMR; 0dB for Video call and PS service
n Max Service Tx Power Continued service

AMR(DL) Video call(DL) PS64K(DL) PS384(DL) Mobile phone (UL) Data card (UL)
BLER
1% 0.5% 5% 10%
Power offset
30~32dBm 34~36dBm 31~33dBm 35~39dBm 21dBm 24dBm
Tx Power BLER
27dBm 30dBm 33dBm 0.1% 1% 10%
BLER and service Tx Power is result by balancing the coverage and capacity.
Huawei Confidential
Page 14
Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some parameters are depended on vendor equipment, it is not fixed in link budget.
n Cable loss NodeB Type
Macro-NodeB
Antenna high
<50m >50m
Cable select
7/8 5/4 -
Cable loss
6.29dB/100m@2100MHz 4.56dB/100m@2100MHz 0dB
BBU+RRU
There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL coverage increase by ~30%

n Noise Figure NF of terminal is 5~7dB, it is refer to User Equipment NF of NodeB is different between venders. Huawei 3800 series NodeB had low NF of 1.6, other vendor is 2.3~3.5.
The low NF can increase UL coverage by 5%~20%.
Huawei Confidential
Page 15
Environment parameters: fading margin

Path Loss fading due to propagation distance
n Long Term (Slow) fading caused by shadowing n Short Term (Fast) fading caused by multipath propagation
There should be margin to compensate the fading
Slow Fading Margin depends on:

n Area Coverage Probability --- The higher coverage probability is, the more SFM required n Standard Deviation --- The higher standard deviation is, the more SFM required
Clutter Dense urban Urban Suburban Rural Highway
Coverage Probability 95% 95% 90% 90% 90%
Standard Deviation 11.7 9.4 7.2 6.2 6.2
Slow fading margin 8.1 6 4 0.8 0.8
Huawei Confidential
Page 16
Environment parameters: SHO Gain

Soft handover gain SHO gain consists of three parts:
n SHO Gain against slow fading
n SHO reduces slow fading compared to the single cell case n SHO gain against slow fading can improve the coverage probability n SHO Gain against fast fading
n Macro Diversity Combining Gain

n MDC gain reduces the Eb/No requirement n MDC leads to a gain for reception sensitivity n MDC gain exists for both uplink and downlink
The fast fading margin and slow fading margin in Huaweis link budget has been considered the SHO gain.
Huawei Confidential
Page 17
Environment parameters: interference margin

n UL interference margin is Noise Rise in NodeB
Interference Curve NoiseRise(dB)
NoiseRise = 10 Log 10 (1 UL )
[dB ]
UL Load
50% UL Load 3dB 60% UL Load 4dB 75% UL Load 6dB
n How to calculated DL interference margin?

Tx Power 70% DL load = Max Tx Power
Pathloss _AMR
Which pathloss is same Same UL load, bigger?
interference margin Pathloss_AMR

Which received noise is bigger? AMR
Pa t
h lo
ss_
PS
PS384K
Same Tx Power, but small High throughput, noise pathloss, so PS384K high rise is bigger than AMR interference margin!
Page 18
Same DL load, different DL interference margin
Huawei Confidential
Step3:Reception Sensitivity
-- Related to bearer data rate
P G = 1 0 lo g ( 3 8 4 0 / R ( k b p s ))
Power density (W/Hz)
Processing Gain
Signal after despreading
W
Signal after spreading
AMR12.2k PS64k PS384k
Processing Gain 25 (dB) 18 (dB) 10 (dB)
Frequency (Hz)
N t :thermal noise (-108dBm/3.84MHz)

N f :Noise figure of NodeB(1.6dB for NodeB, 7dB for UE)
Eb / No :Bit energy divided by noise spectral density

Re ceptionSensitivity = N t + N f + Eb / N 0 PG
Huawei Confidential
Page 19
Step4: Maximum Allowable Pathloss

Maximum Allowable Pathloss
=UE Transmit Power + Antenna Gain + SHO Gain Slow Fading Margin Fast Fading Margin Interference Margin Body Loss Cable Loss Penetration Loss
nSlow fading margin nSHO Gain nFast fading margin nInterference margin nNodeB Antenna Gain nUE Antenna Gain nUE Transmit Power nPenetration Loss nBody Loss nCable Loss
Antenna Gain
Pa t
Lo ss
nMaximum allowable pathloss
Penetration loss Notes nNo TMA Application nSFM&FFM not include SHO NodeB Sensitivity
nNodeB reception sensitivity
Cable Loss
Huawei Confidential
Page 20
MPL is input of Link budget

The output of link budget is MPL rather than cell radius!
Propagation model
Link budget
Max Pathloss
Cell Radius
It is usually to compare the MPL to access the coverage performance. And cell radius can be a reference when given a consolidated propagation model.
Huawei Confidential
Page 21
Agenda
UMTS Network Introduce New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP
Huawei Confidential
Page 22
Capacity Dimensioning Flow

Coverage dimension result
Dimensioning Start
Total subscriber Traffic model
Assumed Subscribers Load per Connection
CS Average Cell Load
CS Peak Cell Load (MDE)
PS Average Cell Load
Total Cell Load
No
=Target Cell Load?
Yes
Dimensioning End
Huawei Confidential
Page 23
Multidimensional ErlangB
Huawei use Multidimensional ErlangB(MDE) for CS Capacity dimension
ErlangB - Partitioning Resources
Traditional/other vender dimension method Two big case, one small case, how many car can carry them all?
Low Utilization of resources
Multidimensional ErlangB - Resources shared
Multidimensional ErlangB
More Accuracy Especial for 3G

High Utilization of resources
Huawei Confidential
Page 24
CE/Iub Dimensioning
Represent the subscriber Represent the NodeB
Multidimensional ErlangB is used in CE/Iub dimension

MultdimensionalErlangB Model AM R1 2 .2 k
......
CE resources
64 k
If we know how many cases one car can carry, how can get the CE/Iub?
Bearers AMR12.2k CS64k PS64k PS128k PS384k CE (UL) 1 3 3 5 10 CE (DL) 1 2 2 4 8 Iub(Kbps)
CS
n Signaling and CCH not required CE n CE are pooled per NodeB for all cells n Low CE resource required for higher data rate n advance algorithm improve the utilize efficiency of Iub transmission
Huawei Confidential
Page 25
Dimensioning Input is Important

The balance of coverage dimension and capacity dimension
Input requirement dimension start Capacity dimension Coverage dimension
Coverage Performance
Site Number
CE/IuB
PS384K VP AMR
Huawei Confidential
Page 26
Hong Kong PCCW Project
RNP & RNO in worlds most challenging radio propagation environment

n Complex terrain: Hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north
n Built-up dense business district: 630 buildings/km2, 250K people per km2, average
building height 45m n Difficult to build DAS in most high buildings
n High population density: 25,0000 people/km2 in dense urban

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com Huawei Confidential Page 27
RNP and RNO Timeline
Huawei Confidential
Page 28
Examples of Coverage Solutions for PCCW

Rooftop Antenna
l
Cell Splitting
Large down-tilt for coverage and interference control Make full use of the obstruction of surrounding buildings
l
Multi-sector coverage planning based on splitting cell solution
Medium Height Antenna

l
4th floor antennas to cover the shops along the main street
Low Height Antenna

l
In dense city areas, coverage need to be multi-dimensional
Up-tilt technique is widely used in Hong Kong
Huawei Confidential
Page 29
Agenda
UMTS Network Introduce New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP
Huawei Confidential
Page 30
Questions and Answer

What are the new feature for WCDMA?
Soft/softer handover, power control, interference ,service
What is out put for Link budget?

Maximum allowed Pathloss
What parameters should be fixed by operator?

Environment parameters is fixed by operator, equipments parameters is provided by vendors
What algorithm is used in capacity dimension?

Multidimensional ErlangB, it can improve the resource utilization efficiency
Huawei Confidential
Page 31
2008-5-11
Security Level: confidential
Thank You
www.huawei.com
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

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2008-5-11

Security Level: confidential

UMTS Radio Network Planning

Huawei Northwest Africa Region RNP Solution Manage: William.chen William.chen@huawei.com

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

New feature for WCDMA

WCDMA feature-Soft handover

WCDMA feature-Power Control

Frequency is very high: 1500Hz

Less Tx Power, Save Power Less Interference

Distance from NodeB lFar Point

Rx Level, Improve QoS

n Where does Interference come?

frequency Same as GSM, interference comes from frequency

Most come from own Cell, less from neighbor cell

Most come from neighbor Cell, less from own cell

UMTS Network Planning Workflow

The output of dimension is important criteria to assess RNP solution

Mobilis and Huawei do the planning jointly

Different emphasis for planning phases

Long term development and expansion solution!!

0 0 3 3 6 6 9 9 12 12 15 15 18 18 21 21 24 24 27 27 30 30 33 33 36 36 39 39 42 42 45 45 48 48 0 Number of Sites Number of Sites

Optimization and new feature deployment!!

Experience and Deep communication!!

Propagation model Coverage area

Step1:continue coverage service

Step2:Configure link budget parameters

Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Max Service Tx Power Continued service

27dBm 30dBm 33dBm 0.1% 1% 10%

Link Budget Parameters: equipment

There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL coverage increase by ~30%

The low NF can increase UL coverage by 5%~20%.

Environment parameters: fading margin

Slow Fading Margin depends on:

Clutter Dense urban Urban Suburban Rural Highway

Coverage Probability 95% 95% 90% 90% 90%

Standard Deviation 11.7 9.4 7.2 6.2 6.2

Slow fading margin 8.1 6 4 0.8 0.8

Environment parameters: SHO Gain

n Macro Diversity Combining Gain

Environment parameters: interference margin

50% UL Load 3dB 60% UL Load 4dB 75% UL Load 6dB

n How to calculated DL interference margin?

Which pathloss is same Same UL load, bigger?

interference margin Pathloss_AMR

Same DL load, different DL interference margin

Signal after despreading

AMR12.2k PS64k PS384k

Processing Gain 25 (dB) 18 (dB) 10 (dB)

N t :thermal noise (-108dBm/3.84MHz)

Eb / No :Bit energy divided by noise spectral density

Step4: Maximum Allowable Pathloss

nMaximum allowable pathloss

MPL is input of Link budget

Capacity Dimensioning Flow

Total subscriber Traffic model

Assumed Subscribers Load per Connection

CS Average Cell Load

CS Peak Cell Load (MDE)

PS Average Cell Load

Total Cell Load

Low Utilization of resources