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The EU Fiscal Framework Under Stress Is A European Monetary Fund The Solution?
The EU Fiscal Framework Under Stress Is A European Monetary Fund The Solution?
120,0
100,0
80,0
60,0
40,0
20,0
0,0
Italy Ireland
2011-2008
Hungary Greece
2008-1998
Germany France
50
40
30
20
10
-10
-20
-30
-40
300
200
100
-100
Italy
Portugal
Ireland
Spain
Greece
88
82
75
59 49 52
55
36
30
Japan
UK
US
Germany
Italy
France
Spain
Greece
Ireland
Portugal
Table 3 Required average primary balance to stabilize public debt to GDP ratio at 2007 level1
over 5 years Austria France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Japan Netherlands Portugal Spain United Kingdom United States
1
over 10 years 2.6 4.3 3.5 2.8 5.4 3.4 6.4 3.7 -0.3 2.9 5.8 4.3
over 20 years 1.6 2.8 2.4 1.5 2.2 2.5 4.5 2.3 -1.6 1.3 3.5 2.4
4.7 7.3 5.5 5.4 11.8 5.1 10.1 6.7 2.2 6.1 10.6 8.1
As a percentage of GDP.
Sources: IMF, World Economic Outlook; OECD, Economic Outlook; authors calculations.