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2 Khordeghi
2 Khordeghi
2 Khordeghi
Langelier Ryznar
1 2 2 2 2
-1 : E-mail: a.mokhtari@arums.ac.ir
-2
-3
:
.
.
: 1388
12 .
pH .
) (LSI ) (RSI
.
: LSI -0/23
-0/46 7/98 8/37 . LSI
9
RSI 6 10
.
:
pH
...
.
:
89/3/20 :
89/5/19 :
...
15
36
60
] .[1
].[3
ISO 8044
].[4
pH
( .
].[2
].[5
Battelle-NBS
70
4/2 ) (GNP
].[6
1389
16
(RSI) Ryznar
RSI LSI
RSI .
] .[7
LSI RSI
) (mg/l.CaCO3 ) (mg/l.CaCO3
) pH (mg/l
o
].[8
) ( C .
].[11
].[9
pH
pH
) (CaCO3
].[12
].[10
EPA ].[9
].[13
].[1
) (LSI
. LSI
pH
LSI . pH
].[11
17
...
:LSI < 0
CaCO3 )(
:LSI = 0 )
:RSI
RSI = 2(pHs) - pH
:RSI
:RSI << 6
. 12
:RSI >> 7
24 .
0/5
:RSI >>8
. pH
TDS
.
Water Stability Analyzer LSI RSI
.
]:[11
1 2 .
WHO
.
:LSI
LSI = pH pHs
pHs pH
:
)pHs = (9.3 + A + B) - (C + D
A = (Log10 [TDS] - 1) / 10
B = -13.12 x Log10 (oC + 273) + 34.55
C = Log10 [Ca2+ as CaCO3] - 0.4
]D = Log10 [alkalinity as CaCO3
LSI :
.
LSI RSI
.
LSI 9
.
-0/23
-0/46 .
1389
18
RSI
8/37 .
6 2
1 2
7/98
.1 ) 1 (
)(mg/L.CaCO3
)(mg/L.CaCO3
S1
100/8
236
7/64
S2
90
212
7/67
S3
129/6
216
7 /7
17/2
S4
126
240
7/25
17/5
1435
S5
133/2
260
/15
17/5
1340
S6
pH
EC
)(S/cm
18/5
980
7/83
18
1015
7/92
765
7/77
-0/07
7/76
-0/51
8/27
7/74
-0/59
8/33
)( C
pHs
LSI
RSI
-0/19
8/02
-0/25
8/17
7/84
154/8
218
7/71
15
893
7/71
0/00
7/71
S7
152/1
220
7 /7
16/3
760
7/69
0/01
7/68
S8
145/8
222
7/85
17
820
7/68
0/17
7/51
S9
135
244
7/25
18/5
1360
7/73
-0/48
8/21
S10
144
206
7 /6
17
1015
7/72
-0/12
7/84
S11
131/4
204
7/66
19
712
7/80
-0/14
7/94
S12
138/6
228
7/17
16/5
1025
7/74
-0/57
8/31
131/775
225/5
7/53
17/25
1010
7/75
-0/23
7/98
.2 ) 2(
S1
)(mg/L.CaCO3
)(mg/L.CaCO3
pH
)( C
EC
)(S/cm
pHs
LSI
RSI
144
182
7/67
16
560
7/81
-0/14
7/95
S2
140/4
190
7/37
10/8
955
7/93
-0/56
8/49
S3
133/2
162
7/67
11/4
898
8/00
-0/33
8/33
S4
138/6
150
7/49
10/1
845
8/04
-0/55
8/59
S5
225
180
7/31
11/4
1290
7/75
-0/44
8/19
S6
154/8
144
7/52
8/8
930
8/04
-0/52
8/56
S7
144
146
7/58
7/8
998
8/09
-0/51
8/60
S8
120/6
136
7/39
15/8
563
8/01
-0/62
8/63
S9
302/4
210
7/17
13/2
1255
7/51
-0/34
7/85
S10
223/2
166
7 /3
13/2
1190
7/74
-0/44
8/18
S11
129/6
142
7/59
11/1
760
8/07
-0/48
8/55
S12
203/4
164
7/25
8/2
1206
7/89
-0/64
8/53
171/6
164/33
7/44
11/48
954/2
7 /9
-0/46
8/37
...
19
.
.1 ) (LSI
pH
.
) (S9
.
.
EC 0/55
.
.2 ) (RSI
.
.
%20 ].[13
%75 LSI
%17 %8
%100
. RSI
%50 8
7 -8
%83,3 %16,7
7 -8
.
)
( .
1389
20
1386
AI LSI
RSI
LSI RSI
+0/42 6/7 .
%95
LSI
].[15
. %82 RSI
2006
%12
Tafila
LSI
RSI .
].[13
-77/1 -16/76 .
1387
LSI
CO2 ].[16
1998
G. Ptzaya
. RSI
].[10
1378
%57 LSI
].[17
.
RSI
].[14
88
...
21
...
) (
.1 " "
1388
2. Crittenden JC, Trussell RR, Hand DW, Howe KJ, Tchobanoglous G, "Water treatment principals and
design", New York: Jon Wiley and Sons, 2005
3. Pierre R. Roberge, "Corrosion Basics: An Introduction", 2nd Edition, NACE Press book, 2006
.4 "
"1387
1388
.7 "
" 1381 51 60-65
8. ASTM, "Standard test methods for corrosivity of water in the Absence of heat transfer", designation
:D2688-92, 1994
9. Kerri k, "water treatment plant operation", third edition, vol.1, office of drinking water, 1992.
.10 " "
.1387
11. Standard method for the examination of water & wastewater, Edition 2005
.12 " " .1385
1389
22
.13 "
" . .1387
.14 "
"GIS - .1387
.15 "
" 3 1388 155 160
16. Aiman E. Al-Rawajfeha, Ehab M. Al-Shamaileh, "Assessment of tap water resources quality and its
potential of scale formation and corrosivity in Tafila Province, South Jordan", Desalination Volume
206, Issues 1-3, 5 February 2007, Pages 322-332
17. G. Ptzaya, G. Sthlb, F. H. Krmnb and E. Klmnb, "Modeling of scale formation and corrosion
from geothermal water", Electrochimica Acta, Volume 43, Issues 1-2, 1998, Pages 137-147
23
...
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Corrosion and sedimentation potential is one of the main factors in
water quality control issues. Water tendency towards each of them, can be play very effective
role in the transmission and distribution of drinking water in terms of economic and health
aspects. The purpose of this study was evaluation of chemical quality, corrosive and
sedimentation rate of drinking water in Ardabil water supply network and providing relevant
solutions for probable problems.
Methods: In a cross-sectional research conducted in autumn 2009, the city was divided into 12
blocks and water samples were taken in two instances (in the first half of October and the second
half of December). Parameters of alkali, calcium hardness, electrical conductivity, temperature
and pH were determined. Water samples were handled according to standard procedures, and
corrosion and sedimentation potential were estimated using indicators Lanzhlyh (LSI) and
Rayznr (RSI) .
Results: The results of tests and calculations showed that the respective value for average of LSI
index in the first and 2nd stage of water sampling was -0.23 and -0.46, and the average for RSI
index in the first and 2nd stage of sampling was 7.98 and 8.24, respectively. Based on LSI index,
drinking water in the water supply system has a tendency to corrosion in 9 and 12 stations in the
first and second sampling campaigns, respectively; with the other stations tending to have
sedimentation. However, according to RSI index six stations had tendency to corrosion and
others was balanced in the first samples. For the second samples, ten stations tend to have
corrosive property and the others had conditions of relative equilibrium.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, water in Ardabil drinking water supply have slight
tendency to corrosion and water quality must be controlled for the relevant parameters e.g. pH,
alkali, and hardness. Application of corrosion-resistant pipes and materials should be considered
in drinking water networks.
Key words: Corrosion, precipitation, Langelier & Ryznar Index, distribution system, Drinking
Water, Ardabil