SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSMISSION LINES

PRESENTATION BY I.NALLATHAMBY, CM(SAFETY & ESM) SRTS-II, POWERGRID, BANGALORE

inallathamby@yahoo.com

TRANSMISSION LINE CONSTRUCTION

SURVEY EXCAVATION OF PITS STUB SETTING CONCRETING TOWER ERECTION TREE CUTTING STRINGING COMMISSIONING

INHERENT HAZARDS / DANGERS IN A TRANSMISSION LINE UNDER CONSTRUCTION

TO THE WORKERS TO GENERAL PUBLIC DAMAGE TO PUBLIC PROPERTY / HUMAN LIVES DURING TREE CUTTING STRUCK BY FLYING DEBRIS DURING BLASTING COLLAPSE OF PITS FALL OF LIVE STOCK / PERSONS / MACHINERY INTO EXCAVATIONS FALL OF OBJECTS FROM HEIGHT FALL OF PERSONS FROM HEIGHT FAILURE OF LIFTING TACKLES / T & P COLLAPSE OF TOWER ELECTRIC SHOCK DUE TO INDUCTION / CONTACT

POWERGRID
POWERGRID SITE ENGINEERS / SUPERVISORS

CONTRACTING AGENCY
AGENCYS SITE ENGINEERS / SUPERVISORS

SUB-CONTRACTOR (FOUNDATION)
GANG LEADER / MAISTRY

SUB-CONTRACTOR (TOWER ERECTION)

GANG LEADER / MAISTRY

SUB-CONTRACTOR (STRINGING)
GANG LEADER / MAISTRY

GANGS

GANGS

GANGS

GANG LEADER / MAISTRY & GANGS / FITTERS VERY LITTLE OR NO EDUCATION NO FORMAL TRAINING LEARNT THE JOB ONLY BY OBSERVATION & EXPERIENCE FOLLOW TRADITIONAL WORK METHODS IGNORANT OF CONSEQUENCES RESISTANCE TO USE SAFETY BELTS /HELMETS PRODUCTIVITY AT THE COST OF SAFETY

SAFETY VIOLATIONS AT CONSTRUCTION SITES

NEGLIGENCE OF THE CONTRACTORS
LACK OF SERIOUSNESS
UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS
INADEQUATE SUPERVISION INEXPERIENCED WORKERS / GANGS INADEQUATE / IMPROPER T & P / COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT INADEQUATE / IMPROPER PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS INADEQUATE SHORING / SHUTTERING LACK OF LAID DOWN WORK PROCEDURES

NEGLIGENCE OF THE WORKERS

LACK OF AWARENESS UNSAFE ACTIONS UNSAFE WORK METHODS
UNSAFE MATERIAL HANDLING

NON-USE OF PPEs
INADEQUATE / IMPROPER GUYING ARRANGEMENT

SAFETY DURING VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING SURVEY

i. WEAR LONG PANTS AND SHOES WITH SOCKS TO PREVENT INJURY DUE TO WILD BUSHES AND THORNS. LOOK FOR REPTILES AND INSECTS WHILE MOVING IN BUSHY AREAS. HOT EXCHANGES WITH OWNERS OF THE LAND AND PASSERSBY SHOULD BE AVOIDED. LOOSE TALKS WITH GENERAL PUBLIC SHOULD BE STRICTLY AVOIDED. ALWAYS CARRY YOUR IDENTITY CARD AND THE TELEPHONE NUMBERS OF YOUR REPORTING OFFICERS AND NEARBY POLICE STATION, TO INFORM IN CASE OF ANY EXIGENCY. WHILE MOVING INTO FOREST AREAS, ESPECIALLY RESERVE FOREST AND WILD LIFE SANCTUARIES, CONSULT AND TAKE THE ADVICE OF THE FOREST AUTHORITIES.

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

vi.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

SUFFICIENT ANGLE OF REPOSE (SLOPE) TO PREVENT COLLAPSE OF SOIL

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

SHORING AND SHUTTERING IN COLAPSIBLE SOIL CONDITIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

PROPER DE-WATERING ARRANGEMENT IN WATER LOGGED AREAS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

CLEAR EDGES TO PREVENT FALL OF OBJECTS INSIDE THE PIT

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

ALL THE WORKERS INSIDE THE PIT SHOUD WEAR SAFETY HELMETS

UNSAFE WORKING CONDITION

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

DRILLING AND PRECAUTIONS.

BLASTING

WITH

ADEQUATE

ONLY LICENSED BLASTER TO BE ENGAGED PUBLIC / LIVE STOCK TO BE MOVED TO SAFE DISTANCE CONTROLLED BLASTING TO BE DONE NEAR RESIDENTIAL AREAS / INSTALLATIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

UNDER CUT FOR SPEEDING-UP OF EXCAVATION SHOULD BE AVOIDED

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING EXCAVATION

PROTECTION TO PUBLIC / LIVE STOCK MOVING NEARBY

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING

THE CONCRETING SHOULD BE COMPLETED, AS FAR AS POSSIBLE, WITHIN 48 HOURS OF EXCAVATION, AS THE STABILITY OF THE PIT DECREASES WITH INCREASE IN TIME.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING MACHINES LIKE CONCRETE MIXER, VIBRATOR, ETC, SHOULD BE PLACED SUFFICIENTLY AWAY FROM THE PIT TO AVOID COLLAPSE OF THE PIT DUE TO VIBRATIONS PRODUCED BY THESE MACHINES.

THE CHUTE PLATE SHOULD BE PROPERLY ANCHORED TO THE CONCRETE MACHINE.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING

ALL LADDERS BEING USED SHOULD BE OF SOUND CONSTRUCTION, FREE FROM ANY DEFECTS AND SHALL EXTEND AT LEAST ONE METRE ABOVE THE GROUND LEVEL.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING ALL THE WORKERS WORKING INSIDE THE PIT MUST WEAR SAFETY HELMETS. THOSE COMING IN CONTACT WITH CONCRETE MUST WEAR BOOTS / GUMBOOTS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STUB-SETTING / CONCRETING

JACKS USED FOR POSITIONING THE TEMPLATE SHALL BE PROPERLY PLACED AND AWAY FROM THE EDGE OF THE PIT

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION CHECK ALL THE T&P BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF WORK.

DISCARD DAMAGED ITEMS IMMEDIATELY.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

ENSURE ALL TOWER MEMBERS HAVE BEEN RECEIVED AT ERECTION SITE BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF TOWER ERECTION MISSING MEMBERS SHALL BROUGHT FROM THE STORE BE IMMEDITELY

PROGRESSIVE TOWER ERECTION WITHOUT FIXING THE REQUIRED MEMBERS WILL REDUCE THE STABILITY & LEAD TO UNBALANCED LOADING

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION ALL THE PERSONS CLIMBING UP THE TOWER SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH GOOD QUALITY SAFETY BELTS. THEY SHOULD ANCHOR THE LIFE LINE OF THE BELT TO A STRONG ANCHORAGE POINT IMMEDIATELY ON REACHING THEIR WORKING POINT.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

ALL THE WORKERS SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH GOOD QUALITY SAFETY HELMETS. THE WORKERS IN THE GROUND SHOULD BE SUFFICIENTLY AWAY FROM ANY SUSPENDED LOAD AND AS FAR AS POSSIBLE AWAY FROM THE TOWER.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

ALL TIE MEMBERS / DIAGONAL MEMBERS AND ALL BOLTS SHOULD BE FIXED AS THE TOWER IS ERECTED PROGRESSIVELY UPWARDS TO AVOID UNEVEN TRANSMISSION OF LOADS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

ADEQUATE GUYING ARRANGEMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS TO ENSURE PROPER STABILITY OF THE TOWER BEING ERECTED PROGRESSIVELY.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

THE NUMBER OF GUY ROPES FOR THE DERRICK SHOULD BE AT LEAST THREE AND THEY SHOULD BE PROPERLY ANCHORED TO PREVENT ANY SLIP. THE INCLINATION OF THE DERRICK SHOULD BE COMPATIBLE WITH THE WEIGHT BEING LIFTED. THE NUMBER OF TYING POINTS OF THE DERRICK WITH THE TOWER MAIN LEG SHOULD BE MINIMUM FOUR.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

PROPER FIXING OF GUY SUPPORTS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION

SHUTDOWN OF STATE EB POWER LINES, WHEREVER REQUIRED, SHOULD BE TAKEN, AND NO SHORT CUT METHODS USED AND CHANCES TAKEN.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION Possibility of falling while climbing up / coming down

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWER ERECTION Possibility of falling while fixing of members

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

FINAL CHECKING OF TOWER

BEFORE COMMENCING STRINGING ACTIVITY, IT SHALL BE ENSURED THAT ALL TOWER MEMBERS AND BOLT & NUTS ARE FIXED AND THE BOLTS PROPERLY TIGHTENED TO AVOID UNEVEN TRANSMISSION OF LOAD WHICH MAY SOMETIMES LEAD TO COLLAPSE OF THE TOWER.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

PROPER FIXING OF COTTER PINS AND THEIR VERIFICATION BEFORE HOISTING THE INSULATOR STRING.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

ADEQUATE NUMBER OF BACK STAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR ALL THE CROSS ARMS, AND PROPERLY FIXED TO THE DEADMENT BEFORE TAKING UP TENSIONING.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

LOAD BEARING LINKS SUCH AS D-SHACKLES, COME-ALONG CLAMPS, STEEL ROPES, PULLEYS, ETC., ARE DOUBLY CHECKED FOR THEIR SOUNDNESS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING SHUTDOWN OF POWER LINES, WHEREVER REQUIRED, ARE TAKEN, AND NO SHORT CUT METHODS USED AND CHANCES TAKEN. ADEQUATE CAPACITY LOCAL EARTHS ARE USED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE WORK AREA TO PREVENT ANY ELECTRIC SHOCK DUE TO INDUCTION, WHILE WORKING NEAR CHARGED EB LINES. THESE EARTHS ARE PROPERLY FIXED TO ENSURE PROPER CONTACT WITH THE CONDUCTORS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

PROPER SCAFFOLDING ARRANGEMENTS ARE MADE DURING STRINGING OF CONDUCTOR AT ROAD CROSSINGS AND RAILWAY CROSSINGS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

THE STRINGING MACHINE / TENSIONER / PULLER ARE PROPERLY ANCHORED & PROPERLY EARTHED WHEN STRINGING ACTIVITY IS CARRIED OUT TO PREVENT ANY ELECTRIC SHOCK DUE TO INDUCTION / LIGHTNING TO THE OPERATORS.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING FINAL SAGGING SHALL BE DONE USING MACHINE ONLY WINCH

USE OF TRACTORS FOR FINAL SAGGING SHALL BE STRICTLY AVOIDED

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

SAFETY BELTS ARE ANCHORED WHILE THE COMING DOWN THE STRING TO REACH THE CONDUCTOR.

PROPERLY PERSON IS INSULATOR ROLLER /

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

SAFETY BELTS ARE PROPERLY ANCHORED / LOOPED WHILE THE PERSON IS MOVING ALONG THE INSULATOR STRING / CONDUCTOR.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING STRINGING

FLAG MEN ARE POSTED AT ALL THE INTERMEDIATE TOWERS WITH PROPER SIGNALING FLAGS AND COMMUNICATION GADGETS LIKE WALKIE TALKIE AND THEY ARE KEEPING WATCH OVER THE MOVEMENT OF GENERAL PUBLIC / CHILDREN AND WARNING THEM WHEN THEY COME CLOSE.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TREE CUTTING

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TREE CUTTING

ONLY EXPERIENCED PERSONS SHOULD BE ENGAGED FOR TREE CUTTING OPERATION. PERSONS / LIVE STOCK NEAR THE AREA WHERE TREE CUTTING IS UNDER TAKEN SHOULD BE WARNED BEFORE FELLING OF TREES. THE DIRECTION OF FALL OF THE TREES AFTER CUTTING SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT DOES NOT DAMAGE ANY PROPERTY NEAR BY. THE TREES WHOSE TRAJECTORY AFTER CUTTING ARE DIFFICULT TO ASCERTAINED BECAUSE OF THEIR SHAPE SHOULD BE TIED WITH ROPES AT TOP. THESE TREES SHOULD BE CUT UPTO 60-70 % OF THEIR CROSS SECTION AND THEN PULLED DOWN BY THE ROPES. THE WORKERS SHOULD BE SUFFICIENTLY AWAY WHEN THE TREES ARE BEING FELLED. ADEQUATE CARE WHILE USING TREE CUTTING MACHINE.

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AVAILABILITY OF DETAILED WORK PROCEDURES / CHECK LIST / INSTRUCTIONS AT SITES, IN THE LANGUAGE UDERSTOOD BY THE WORKERS. AVAILABILITY OF QUALIFIED & EXPERIENCED SUPERVISIORY STAFF FOR SITE ACTIVITIES. ADEQUATE SITE BRIEFINGS & SAFETY AWARENESS MEASURES. POSTING OF EXCLUSIVE SAFETY COORDINATOR AT SITE BY THE CONTRACTING AGENCY . AVAILABILITY OF FIRST AID BOXES WITH ALL CONTENTS WITH EVERY GANG. AVAILABILITY OF ATLEAST ONE VEHICLE AT WORK SITES FOR USE IN CASE OF EMERGENCIES. ADEQUATE PROTECTIONS / WARNINGS PROVIDED TO AVOID INJURY TO GENERAL PUBLIC AND LIVE STOCK. GENERAL PUBLIC, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN NOT BEING PERMITTED NEAR THE WORK AREA.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS BEFORE TESTING & COMMISSIONING

ENSURE THAT THERE IS NO INFRINGEMENT OF SAFETY CLEARANCES ENSURE THAT ALL TOOLS & PLANTS ARE REMOVED NOTIFY TO ALL VILLAGES ADJACENT TO THE LINE OF THE DATE OF TESTING & COMMISSIONING

SITE SAFETY CHECKLIST

ACTIVITY SURVEY PROTECTION REQUIRED SAFETY SHOES ALERTNESS DISCIPLINE SLOPE / SHORING CLEAR EDGES SAFETY HELMETS GUM BOOTS SOUND LADDER SAFETY BELTS SAFETY HELMETS SOUND / DEFECTLESS T&P ADEQUATE GUYS / SUPPORT FOR DERRICKS ALL MEMBERS / BOLTS & NUTS FIXED SAFETY BELTS SAFETY HELMETS ALL BOLTS & NUTS FIXED AND TIGHTENED SOUND / DEFECTLESS T & P ADEQUATE TENSION STAYS ADEQUATE FLAG MEN AT INTERMEDIATE TOWERS PROTECTION FROM LEG INJURY INSECT / REPTILE BITE ARGUMENT WITH THE PUBLIC COLLAPSE OF EARTH FALLING OBJECTS HEAD INJURY LEG INJURY INJURY DURING MOVEMENT FALLING FROM HEIGHT HEAD INJURY FAILURE OF T&P FAILURE OF DERRICK WHILE LIFTING LOAD COLLAPSE OF TOWER FALLING FROM HEIGHT FALLING OBJECTS COLLAPSE OF TOWER FAILURE OF T & P COLLAPSE OF TOWER TO WARN THE OPERATOR / PUBLIC IN CASE OF EXIGENCY

EXCAVATION / CONCRETING

TOWER ERECTION

STRINGING

THANK YOU

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION OF SWITCH YARDS / BAY EXTENSIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN THE STORES AREA

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN THE STORES AREA

THE MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY TOWER PARTS, INSULATORS, CONDUCTOR DRUMS, ETC., SHOULD BE PROPERLY STACKED, WITH ADEQUATE ROOM FOR MOVEMENT OF MEN AND VEHICLES TO PREVENT INJURY TO WORKERS WHILE HANDLING THEM AND ALSO RETRIEVE THEM EASILY WHEN REQUIRED. LOAD BEARING EQUIPMENTS SUCH AS CHAIN PULLEY BLOCKS / CRANES SHOULD BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED AND PROPERLY MAINTAINED TO AVOID THEIR FAILURES WHILE LIFTING THE LOADS. THE CRANE USED SHALL BE TESTED PERIODICALLY AND OPERATED BY A COMPETENT PERSON ONLY. THE WORKERS SHOULD USE PROPER LEATHER SAFETY GLOVES WHILE HANDLING MATERIALS TO PREVENT INJURY TO THEIR HANDS / FINGERS. THE GRASS / AND WILD VEGETATION SHOULD BE CLEARED TO AVOID ANY FIRE ACCIDENT AND DAMAGE TO MATERIAL AND MEN. ADEQUATE NUMBER OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE. WATER SOURCE WITH PUMP ARRANGEMENT SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED TO TAKE CARE OF BIGGER FIRES. FIRE BUCKETS WITH SAND SHOULD BE AVAILABLE TO EXTINGUISH SMALL FIRES. FIRST AID BOXES WITH ALL CONTENTS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE TO ATTEND TO MINOR INJURIES.

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION OF SWITCH YARDS

Control of unauthorized entry into work area Entry of infants / children into work area Labour camps inside the Sub-station premises Movement of earth-moving vehicles, especially while backfilling Blasting inside the sub-station premises Loose cables / exposed joints Temporary Power supply connections Healthiness of the material handling equipments / crane Issue of PPEs, especially to ladies Illumination while working at late hours Protection during welding works

ADDITIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING BAY EXTENSION WORKS

Demarking of safe working areas / unsafe charged areas Issue of work permit to only authorized persons Entry of Authorized persons only and maintenance of proper records Movement of workmen inside the work area, especially during lunch hours Movement of long poles / ladders / cranes Blasting shall be strictly avoided