Professional Documents
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44662081 امتحانات كيمياء
44662081 امتحانات كيمياء
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...............................
)( )(II
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)( NO
)( NO2
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)( O2
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:
][H+
] [OH+
pH
pOH
..................
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) ( ) ClO3 (OH PO(OH)3
) ( ) (3d10 ,4s1
29 Cu
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I2 + H2
2HI
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2NO2
() N2 + O2
2Fe + 3CO2
o
() 3CO + Fe 2O3
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][Na=23, Cl = 35.5 ,Ag=108
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)(
.
)( )(1
NaHCO3 + NH4Cl
Na2CO3 +CO2 + H2 O
2NaHCO3
)(
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:
()
- ()
:( )
(III ) ( )
2Fe(OH) 3
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
O2 ()
2NaNO3
2NaNO2 +O2
()
( )( )
()
+
[OH ]
pOH
pH
[H ]
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)()(
) ( ) (3d ) ( 3d 10
) ( + d )( 3d 9
) (
N-O
C-O NN .
) (
) ( Sp SP
.
)( ) (1 :
II
Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
CuSO4 + NaOH
Cu(OH) 2
CuO + H2 O
Al(OH) 3 + 3NaCl
+ H2O
NaAl O2
AlCl3+ 3NaOH
Al(OH)3 +H2 O
) ( :
.
- - - .
7
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= 50
*, , . 0
J L.PPPPRT
= Kc
=
246 8 <@B D V.ZZZ Z ` .dddd
)(
Cd + 2 NiO(OH)+2H2 O
:
)( )/ (III /
) / ( IV/
)/(II /
)/ (/
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,
, X
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.
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.
.
. Fe3C
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% %
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= . = . /
) (
)()(
)(
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10
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:
)(
)( NaNO3 + AgCL
NaCL + AgNO3
= . = .+
= . =.+
. .
)( . .
9,256 X 58,5
X .
= .
143,5
= %.
11
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()
()
12
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13
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) ( 10-14 = [10-7] [10-7] = Kw
14
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) ( ) (N2 H4
][N=14, H=1
)( :
)(
)(
)(
CH 3
)(
COOH
HOOC
.
)( :
) ( () . .
) ( .
) (
) ( ) (Kp :
)2NO2(g
.
NO2
,O2,
)(g
+ 2O2
)(g
N2
N2 .
15
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)( :
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)( ) ( )(
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C6H5OH
.I
) (
. II .
.III
)( CH3 COONa
)(
.IV
)( .
- :
][Ag= 108
] Ag
+e
[ Ag
)( :
) ( .
) ( .
)( . CO2 .
16
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-
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)( :
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)(
.
17
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)(
.
)(5F
..
)()(
)(
400-700C
2FeO + H2 O
Fe3O4 + H2
O2
2Fe2 O3
4FeO
18
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:
)(
.
) (
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) () - (
) ,(
) - (
19
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) ( - -
:
)() ( .
) ( Mn 2+ ) ( 3d
Mn3+
).( 3d
:
) (3d5
) ( 3d4
) ( .
) (
.
)(
N2 + 2H2O
N2H4 + O2
= ) =( x)+(x
= =x
= .
20
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)(
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T.N.T
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21
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) (
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)( = =
= . = X.
)( )(
.
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)( CO2
= . = . .
:
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) ( .
) ( .
)()(
2KNO3 + H2 SO4
)(
4HNO3
Fe + H2SO4
FeSO4 + H2
)( ) ( .
.
22
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.
) ( .
.
NaOH .
23
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24
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)(
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) ( " " ). (n
) ( .
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BaSO4
)(
:
/.
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)(
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-
)( :
) ( ) (II
25
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) ( .
) ( .
) ( .
) (
NaCl
][Cl=35.45
)( ) (.
)( :
) (
) - ( - - - - .
-
)( :
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) ( ) - (
) ( ) ( A ) (B
26
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27
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) (
)( ) (III
% ). ( III
) (
][Fe=56 , O=16
-
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. .
) ( (Na=23, O=16, H=1) .
) ( II
) ( ) (Na +) (OH- II
)( :
)(
)(
)(
28
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:
()
( )
( )
( )
( ) ()
( )
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( )
29
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:
)(
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) ( .
) ( .
)(.
)( [Ba2+][SO4 2-] =Ksp
= ] X.
[ ] X. = [- X.
)(
)(
.
)(
30
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:
) (
COO
FeO + CO + CO2
Fe
COO
absence of air
Na 2CO3 + H2O + CO 2
)(1
(2) 2NaHCO3
+ 4H2
Pt
CaO + CO2
(4) CaCO3
) ( = . = .
= . = .
= . =. .
= . = . .
)( ) ( .
: .
)(
.
31
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: . .
) (
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32
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)(
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33
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)( .
) ( .
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:
) ( )(
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)(
34
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) ( .
)( .= . = HCl
. =Na OH = ++ =Na OH
Na OH = . =.
= %= . .
) ( ) (II .
) ( ) ( OH- ) . (II
)( ) ( :
) ( :
.
) ( :
.
35
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): (
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)(
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36
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) ( .
)( .
) ( )- ( --------
) ( .
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)( ) ( III .
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)( .
)( .
)( :
) (.
)( .
-
)( :
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) ( .
) ( .
) ( .
) ( ) (AgCl
/.
37
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) ( :
)(
.)(
-
)( :
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)(
) (III .
)(
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)(
)(I
)(II
)(III
) (
) (IV
) (
)(V
.
) (
38
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) ( . Na2SO4 .
)(Na=23, S=32, O=16
)( :
)(
2-
S2 O3
)(
KMnO4
)( :
-
)( ) ( :
- - - .%
- . )- .(II - . - . .
:
) ( .
) (.
) ( :
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) ( .
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)( :
)(
)(
.
39
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:
) (
) ( ) ( .
)( .
) ( .
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) (.
) ( ) .(III
40
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) ( ) ( : .
) ( : .
) ( : .
) ( : .
)( ) ( : . C10H8:
)( : C3H6 :
)(
:
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) (
) ( ) (
) (
.
) ( .
) ( .
) (
41
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)(
)(
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:
) (
.
( ) : .
) ( .
: .
42
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) (
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)( .
:
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)/ / ) (III/ / ) ( II /(IV /
) (
= ) ( X) + (X ) + (X
=
= . = .
43
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.
= . =. X
= . .
)(
) ( )(+
)(
) ( ) (.
= .
) ( )(+
) ( .
) ( )(
)(
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.
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.
)(
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44
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) ( :
. %
45
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:
:
............................
II
) (.........................
.........................
......................
III
) ( ......................
46
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:
-
:
) ( ) ( :
) ( ) ( CaCl2.xH2 O .
.
) H=1, O=16, Ca=40, Cl=35.5
) ( :
:
) ( :
II
II III
) ( ) ( H=1,C=12
47
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) (
) ( :
) (
:
) ( :
) (CH2
) ( .
) (
) (
:
) ( A B
B C B
D
:
:
B
48
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D
A
C
) (
) ( Na =23, CI=35.5
) ( II III
) ( .....
:
) (
) ( . HCN
.= Ka
) (
III
49
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:
) (-
) - ( II
) - (
) - (
) - (
) - (
) - (
)(
)(1
2- propanol
2-bromo propane
CH3
COOH
+ 2 H2 O
V2 O 5
400 C
3 O2
)(2
2
50
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:
) - (- .
-
- .
) (
= . =.- .
. .
( = ) =+ ( .
) CaCl2
.
) ( =
.
) =( )+ = ( H2O
51
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)( -
:
- ll
ll
-
) (d,s
- .
-
) (
52
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) ( Fe3+
2+
Fe
- = =-
= =
=
C4H10
:
H
CH3 H
- -
-
- C2H4 (OH)2
) = C2 + ( +
) - = (C
:
-
-
OH
NO2
CH 2
C
(CHOH)3
Cl
CH 2OH
53
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- =
= .
) (=) .=( ) ( .
- - :
) ( .
- :
.
- :
S P
6
. ) nP
nS
)(
54
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) : ( -
-
Cl
Cl
H
H
H Cl
Cl
Cl
+H
SO 3H
H2 O
C aCN 2
conc.
H 2SO 4
elec tric
s park
N2
C aC 2
- ) (
)( =.=+ .
= =.
= =
= .
)( :
ll ll
lll lll
) ( - :
- :
- ..
55
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:
:
O
OH
OH
C H 3C O O H
H2 O
+
OH
CH3
- :
-
O H
O H
2
3 H
N O
O
4
S O
co n c.
3 H N O
N O
CN
H 3O +
H2 O
HCN
Ka = 2 x C
7.2 x 10 -10 = 2 x 0.1
+ 4 H2 O
Fe 2(So 4)3
FeSO 4
conc.
4 H 2 SO 4
Fe 3O 4
- ) (
56
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FeCl3 + 3NH4SCN
Fe(SCN)3 + 3NH4Cl
NaHCO3 + NH4Cl
57
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- :
)( :
- 5f
-
- KClO4
(+) -
(- ) -
(- ) -
(+) -
-
2Fe2 O3 .3H2O-
2FeO.3H2 O -
2Fe3O4.3H2 O -
3Fe2O3.2H2O -
- .
-
- NH4Cl :
-
- :
-
) ( :
-
- :
)( :
- .
58
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-
-
-
- .
) ( KO2
. , KO2
) (K=39 , O=16
)( :
H
- COO H
- C
HO - C - COOH
- CO OH
CaCO3 .MgCO3-
- C
- - :
-
-
) ( B,A , , .
-
-
-
)( - :
- -
-
)( - :
-
59
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- :
) ( :
-
-
) ( :
-
)( .
. :
0
+ 3e- -------------- Al
)(Al= 27
3+
Al
- :
)( :
-
) ( :
-
-
- ) ( II ) (III
)( ) ( H3 O+ .
) ( - .
60
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- :
) (
) ( :
) Mg12 (
)( O8
) (
)( :
) (
) (
61
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:
- :
) - ( )(
) - ( )(+
) - (
2Fe2O3 .3H2O -
) - (
) - (
-
)(
)(
62
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- :
-
-
2K2 CO3 + 3O2
.
4KO2 +2CO2
(+ )
= . = . .
- -
-
:
-
63
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-
A+2 Ao
-
B +2
Bo
. . =
= . ) = ( .
. .
- :
-
3Mg(OH)2 +2NH3
Mg3N2 + 6H2 O
2Fe + 3Cl2
2FeCl3
-
- :
64
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SP3 SP2
:
:
-
3d,4s
-NO2
- Fe3C
-
65
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- =
= .
= = =
= . =
=
= .= .
:
- -
H2SO4
CH3COOC2H5 +H2 O
- 2
-
66
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-
-
- NaOH
-
-
67
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: -
:
-
-
:
- :
-
: ) (
68
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) ( : -
- :
) ( :
) ( :
) (
) (
) (
) (
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) (
) (
) (
) (
- :
- -
- :
-
NO2
NH3
NO2 -
NO
- :
-
- ) ( ( ) () :
- )( -
- )(
- ) ( +
- ) (
)( :-
-
-
69
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: -) ( : -
-
-
-
-
-
-
)( ): (
-
-
-
H H
|
H C4- C3 C2 C1 H
|
H
|
H
- ) (
- )(
-
70
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- : -
) ( :
- Zn 30
-
-
- .
) (
O=16 C=12) .
(Ca=40
)( )( ) (
) (.
:
- ) ( ) - - (
- ) ( ) - (
- ) ( ) - (
- :-
) ( . :-
-
-
-
71
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) ( 0.2 )(HCN 25
Ka=7.2x10-10 -
)( :-
- .
- :-
) ( :
- Ca
20
19
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- .
- .
- .
- .
) (
) 2HI(g
)H2(g) + I2 (g
KC 850 = 448=
_
)( :-
- II
-
-
73
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:
) ( ) ( ""
) ( ""o
) ( " "
) ( " " NH3
) ( " "
) ( " " +
) ( )(
CH3COOH + NaHCO3
CH4+ Na 2CO3
NaOH , CaO
CH3COONa
)(
:
) ( ) ( ) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
74
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)( ) (
5KNO3+K2SO4 +2MnSO4+3H2 O
) (
H - C = C - H
K M nO
a lk . m e d i u m
O H
O H
= C H
H 2C
e th y n e
e th y le n e
g ly c o le
)( ) ( SP
)109 28 (
) (
:
) ( ) (
30Zn
(d10) d
+ +
) (
) (
(NH4) 2SO4
conc
2NH3 + H2 SO4
75
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) ( ) ( Cl
)(NH4 +
NH4OH + H+ + Cl-
NH4Cl + H2O
) (
:
2PbSO4 + 2H2O
)(
CaO
+ CO2
)( +
CaCO3
+ +
CaO + CO2
.
CaCO3
= .
)( )(
76
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)(
)(
:
-
3Fe + 4H2 O
500 0 c
Fe3 O4 + 4H2
-
SO3 + H2O
H2SO4
-
Na2O+H2O
2NaOH
-
Ca (OH) 2 + H C C H
CaC2 + 2H.OH
-
HCN
H 3O +
H2 O
CN
Ka = 2 x C
7.2 x 10 -10 = 2 x 0.2
""
$ &(
= 6 x 10 -5
77
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:
.
:
.
H
-H
-H + H B r
H - C - C - C
Br H
H - C = C - C
H
1 -p ro p a n e
2 -p ro p a n e
:
.
:
.
:
. -
.
.
2
5
25Mn: [Ar]18,4S ,3d
Mn+2 3d 5
Mn+3 .
.
FeCl2 + H2
dil
Fe + 2HCl
78
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.
+
H3 O
-
- HNO3
H3 PO4
- : .
:
.
) (
:
.
Co2
79
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:
. :
.
. .
.
.
.
. .
)( 2HI
dil
H2 + I2
.
) (
. ) (
.
.
80
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