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    Diaspora Capital Abstract Desh

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    dsonyok
    1) Nepal has experienced significant emigration since the 1990s, with over 2 million Nepalis living abroad as migrant workers, known as the Nepali diaspora. Remittances from this diaspora make up 20% of Nepal's GDP. 2) However, most remittances only support families and there is no effective mechanism to channel diaspora investment into Nepal's infrastructure development, especially transport. 3) Nepal has low transport density and connectivity, limiting development, and many transport projects cannot be completed due to lack of funds, as the government has limited resources and relies heavily on donors. Diaspora investment could help address this issue.

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    Diaspora Capital Abstract Desh

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    dsonyok
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    1) Nepal has experienced significant emigration since the 1990s, with over 2 million Nepalis living abroad as migrant workers, known as the Nepali diaspora. Remittances from this diaspora make up 20% of Nepal's GDP. 2) However, most remittances only support families and there is no effective mechanism to channel diaspora investment into Nepal's infrastructure development, especially transport. 3) Nepal has low transport density and connectivity, limiting development, and many transport projects cannot be completed due to lack of funds, as the government has limited resources and relies heavily on donors. Diaspora investment could help address this issue.

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    1) Nepal has experienced significant emigration since the 1990s, with over 2 million Nepalis living abroad as migrant workers, known as the Nepali diaspora. Remittances from this diaspora make up 20% of Nepal's GDP. 2) However, most remittances only support families and there is no effective mechanism to channel diaspora investment into Nepal's infrastructure development, especially transport. 3) Nepal has low transport density and connectivity, limiting development, and many transport projects cannot be completed due to lack of funds, as the government has limited resources and relies heavily on donors. Diaspora investment could help address this issue.

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    6 views1 page

    Diaspora Capital Abstract Desh

    Uploaded by

    dsonyok
    1) Nepal has experienced significant emigration since the 1990s, with over 2 million Nepalis living abroad as migrant workers, known as the Nepali diaspora. Remittances from this diaspora make up 20% of Nepal's GDP. 2) However, most remittances only support families and there is no effective mechanism to channel diaspora investment into Nepal's infrastructure development, especially transport. 3) Nepal has low transport density and connectivity, limiting development, and many transport projects cannot be completed due to lack of funds, as the government has limited resources and relies heavily on donors. Diaspora investment could help address this issue.

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    DIASPORA INVESTMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN NEPAL

    Desh Raj Sonyok1 Keywords: Nepal, diasporas, investment, transport infrastructure, public private partnership Abstract Nepal has been experiencing unprecedented human mobility since late 1990s. According to the World Bank Survey (2009), a total of 2.1 million Nepalese migrant workers, here forth called Nepali diaspora, out of 29 million populations, are abroad. The rate of migration has been continuously increasing and consequently, remittance inflow is staggering. Nepal received remittance of 3.5 billion USD in 2010 which constitutes 20% of its total GDP. However, most of the remittance flow is limited to intra-family financial activities that basically support their family and relatives. Due to the absence of proper mechanism, financial flow from diaspora to productive investment sector, especially infrastructure development, is not channelized effectively. On the other hand, Nepal has one of the lowest transport densities and effective network access levels which are vital to development and socio-economic transformation. Numerous transport infrastructure projects ranging from medium to large scale cannot be materialized due to lack of development fund. Government has limited internal resources and dependence on donor support is ever increasing. Therefore, fund for transport infrastructure has always remained a key issue. Recently government of Nepal has brought forward strategy of public private partnership (PPP) under various schemes namely, Build Operate Transfer (BOT), Service Contract (SC), Management Contract (MC), and Annuity Contract (AC), Special Project Vehicle (SPV) Contract, User Community or User Group or NGO based contract. Under current PPP approach, Nepali diaspora capital from various host countries can be mobilized in infrastructure development project with profitable rate of return. This will benefit all stakeholdershomeland, hostland and diaspora themselves.

    Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, MSC 3CE, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001. E-mail: sonyok@gmail.com

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