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org

Phn 1 Bc 1 80 Ch Hn C Bn

m Hn Vit Nht Nh Tam T Ng Lc Tht Bt Cu Thp Bch Thin Nht Nguyt Ha Thy Mc Kim Th T Hu Thng H i Trung Tiu Mc Nh Khu Th Chi Nhn T N Nam Tin Sinh Hc Hiu Xch Thanh Bch Chnh To Sn Xuyn Lm Sm in Trc Tho Hoa Khuyn Bi Trng Thin Khng Kh Tch V Thn inh Thch Xa n Bn T Vn Lc Danh Nin Nhp Xut Lp Kin Hu Vin Vng Ngc Mch m Ting Trung y r sn m jn t z rn z shn chun q x y ch l jin s w li q b ji sh bi qin r yu zu yu shng xi d zhng xio m r n nn xin shng xu xio ch qng bi ln sn tin zh co hu qun bi chng cn dng sh ch yn bn z wn l mng xi yn wng y jio hu shu ku shu zhng zo tin kng nin r

Bi M u Khi qut ch tng hnh

1. S To Thnh Ch Hn Ch Hn bt ngun t Trung Quc c mi lin h gn gi vi ting Vit, ting Nht v ting Hn l cc th ting s dng ch Hn lm ch vit. S dng ch Hn c th gii quyt c vn vit nhng t ng m d ngha (cng cch c khc ngha) c trong cc ngn ng ny. Trong bi Khi qut ch Hn chng ta tm hiu lch s v cu to ch Hn. Ch Hn trong ting Nht cng c quan h rt gn gi vi ting Vit. Nhiu t dng trong khoa hc k thut rt ging vi t ting Vit. hc ch Hn, chng ta nn lin h ti ch Hn tng c dng Vit Nam th s hc c mt cch nhanh chng. Phn ny xin nhc li v minh ha mt s cch to thnh ch Hn. S nt trong mt ch Hn v th t cc nt: Ch Hn c vit gn trong mt vung gm c cc nt vit (ngang, x, xin) v chm. Cc nt vit c vit theo mt th t nht nh c minh ha nh sau: 1) Nht Nh 4) Khu Nht 1 All right reserved. This is a copyrighted material and used for non-commercial purposes.

 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org 2) Thp Xuyn Nhn Mc 5) Tht Sn T Nguyt

3)

6)

Nt vit hoc chm c gi chung l nt. tra t in ch Hn, chng ta cn bit chnh xc s nt ca mt ch Hn. V d sau minh ha cc nt vit ca ch Hn: 1) Ch Hn mt nt 2) Ch Hn hai nt 3) Ch Hn ba nt 4) Ch Hn bn nt (Mc) (Nguyt) (Th) (Khu) (Nht) (Nh) (Thp)

Th t cc nt vit: Cc nt ca ch Hn thng c vit theo mt th t nht nh. Th t ny c gi l th t vit. Ch Hn d phc tp n my, cng ch c nhng nt vit nh sau: 1) T trn xung di 2) T tri qua phi 3) Vit nt gia trc 4) Vit nt ngang trc 5) Nt bao ngoi trc 6) Nt xin tri trc 7) Nt x thng trung tm trc 8) Nt ngang xuyn tm

(Tam) (Xuyn) (Tiu) (Thp) (T) (Nhn) (Trung) (N)

(Xin xem thm Gii thiu ch Hn, nt vit v nguyn tc vit ch Hn) Ch tng hnh ( Tng Hnh T) : Ch Hn c xa nht l nhng hnh nh n gin biu din vt th v hin tng t nhin xung quanh i sng con ngi. Nhng ch Hn c vit bng cch ny c gi l Ch tng hnh. 2 All right reserved. This is a copyrighted material and used for non-commercial purposes.

 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

Sn (ni)

Nht (ngy)

Nguyt (thng)

in (rung)

Mc (cy, g)
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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

Khu (ming)

Mc (mt)

Nh (tai)

Nhn (ngi)

T (con)
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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

N (n)

Ha (la)

Mn (cng)

iu (chim)
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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

Ngu (b)

M (nga)

Dng (d)

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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org Ch ch s ( Ch S T ): Nhng khi nim tru tng nh hnh ng, tnh hung, mi quan h, v tr v s c gn thanh nhng hnh dng c th biu din c bng ch Hn. Nhng ch Hn c to thnh theo cch ny c gi l Ch ch s.

Nh (hai)

Thng (trn)

H (di)

i (to, ln)
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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

Tiu (nh)
Ch Hi ( Hi T ): Ch hi l nhng ch Hn c hnh thnh (to ra) bng cch kt hp nhiu ch c nhng ngha khc nhau. (Nht) + (Nguyt) = (Minh) (Minh = Khi mt tri ln thay th mt trng, tri trong sng)

Minh (trong sng)

(Nhn) + (Mc) = (Hu) (Hu = Ngi ngi ngh di gc cy)

Hu (ngh)
(Mc) + (Mc) = (ng) (ng = cy hng v pha mt tri phng ng)

ng (pha ng)
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 2010 Nguyn c Hng Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org Ch Hnh Thanh ( Hnh Thanh T): Nhng ch Hn c cu to theo cch kt hp mt ch biu din ngha, mt ch biu din m thanh c gi l ch hnh thanh ( phonetic-ideographic characters). (Mn) + (Khu) = (Vn) (Ming gh vo khe ca Hi xem c ai nh hay khng!)

Vn (hi)
(Mn) + (Nh) = (Vn) (Tai gh vo ca Nghe xem c ng tnh g khng!)

Vn (nghe)

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