1

Figura 1.47






Figura 1.48








Figura 1.49

Figura 1.50



Figura 1.51




Figura 1.52




Figura 1.53.a Figura 1.53.b




Figura 1.54.b Figura 1.55

Figura 1.54.a







Figura 1.57 Figura 1.56

'

stift af f tc
2
s f
) butuc stift ( sa m 2 s tc s m 2 s
) arbore stift ( sa max 1 s tc s max 1 s
; M d d
4
M
2
d D
d
2
d D
M d
3
2
d
2
d
2
1

Recomandari constructive: 3 , 0 ... 2 , 0
d
d
s
; 2
d
D
(otel/otel); 5 , 2
d
D
(fonta/otel).
(1.39)

'

af f tc s f
min as s tc
s
s
M
2
d
l d
M
2
d
l
2
d
, recomandari: . 5 , 1 1
d
1
; 16 , 0 13 , 0
d
d
s
K K (1.40)
ASAMBLARI DEMONTABILE
l

M
t
D

d

d
s

a)

b)

S
a
b
F F
b
d
b
2
F
2
F

M
i max

s 1

s 2

s 2
Butuc
Moment de torsiune actiune
Arbore
Moment de torsiune reactiune
Freza deget
h

b

l
h

b

l
Freza
disc
M
t

s1 max

s2 max
a)
b)
s
m

s2 m

t
f
t
f
d
s
d

D

F
F
2

'

,
_

+


ai
3
b
max i
i max i
min a 1 s 1 s 1 s
min a 2 s 2 s 2 s
32
d
M
; M
2
b
4
a
2
F
F a d
F b d 2
(1.41)
af f tc f
sa s tc s
tc s
M
2
d
l b
M
2
d
l
2
h
M
4
h
2
d
l
2
h



,
_

t

(1.42)









Figura 1.58
Figura 1.59
-





Figura 1.60 Figura 1.61








Figura 1.62 1.63.a 1.63.b 1.63.c 1.63.d 1.62.e











Figura 1.64 1.65.a 1.65.b 1.65.c
2
d D
r
m
+

s
S
L
c 2
2
d D
z 75 , 0 s
r
M
S
nec
nec
as m
tc
nec

,
_

(1.43)
sa max s tc max s
M a
3
2
l
2
a
2
1
2
,
_

(1.44)
L F k k M
M d N
2 1 tc
tc


(1.45)
s
tc
F
d
M
N

(1.46)
M
t
= 0 M
t
> 0 M
t
> 0 M
t
> 0 M
t
> 0

s max
M
t

s max
M
t

s max
F
N
N
N
N
d
L
2
F
s
2
F
s
p
m
p
max

n
max
cos . p p
p
c
c

c

d
D
M

s1

s2
d
M
t
t
f
t
1

t
2
h

l
3
as s
d b
N

(1.47)
Pentru cazul din figura 1.65 c): daca n = 1:
c max
p
4
p

;daca n = 2:
c max
p
2
3
p .









Figura 1.67













Figura 1.66 Figura 1.68 Figura 1.67
0
2
d
N
2
d
N
2
d
a F
s

,
_

+ (1.48)
tc
M d N (conditia de ne-patinare).
( )
2
d
a
1
2
d
N
F ;
d
M
N
s
tc
+
+

(1.49)
( )
( ) d a 2
1 M
F
tc
s
+
+
Cu F
s
se dimensioneaza suruburile. (1.50)
as s
b d
N

(1.51)
l d
F
p
a
min s min

(1.52)
l d
M 2
p
2
t
min s min

(1.53)
l d
N
p ;
R
N ; F F R
min
2
t
2
a

+ (1.54)
l d
d
M 2
F
p
2
t 2
a
min s min

,
_

+

(1.55)
b a min
d d b d S + (1.56)
b
2
1
2
2
1
2
b
b
b
min s
a
2
1
2
2
1
2
a
a
a
min s
d d
d d
K ; d
E
K
b
d d
d d
K ; d
E
K
a

+

(1.57)
d
E
K
E
K
S
b
b
a
a
min s min

,
_

+ (1.58)
t r min tot min
S S S S + + (1.59)
( )
b max a max r
R R 2 , 1 S + (1.60)
( ) ( ) [ ] d t t t t S
0 a a 0 b b t
(1.61)
c
max r max t
5 , 0
2


dupa teoria tensiunilor tangentiale (1.62)
F
N
N
N
N
d
L
s
F
a
A
N
R
F
a
F
t
2
a

t
2
a

d
1
d
a
2
S

2
S

d
2
d
b
l
2
b

2
b

d
1
d

s
2
1
2
2
s
d d
d
2

2
1
2
2
1
2
s
d d
d d

+

2
1
2
2
s
d d
d
2

2 2
2
2 2
2
s
d d
d d

+

4
c
max r max t
75 , 0
2


dupa teoria energetica (1.63)
Pentru butuc:
s max r
2 2
2
2 2
2
s max t
b b
;
d d
d d

+

Pentru arbore:
s max r
2
1
2
2
s max t
a a
;
d d
d
2

( )
c
cb
2 2
2
2 2
2
max s
c
5 , 0
2
1
d d
d d
b

1
1
]
1

+


(1.64)
( )
c
ca
2
1
2
2
max s
c
5 , 0
2
1
d d
d
2
a

1
1
]
1

(1.65)
( )
a max s b max s max s
, min (1.66)
d
E
K
E
K
S
b
b
a
a
max s max

,
_

+ (1.67)
t r max tot max
S S S S + + (1.68)
tot max
STAS
max
S S si
tot min
STAS
min
S S
(1.69)
( ) d t t J S
0 b
STAS
max
+ t
(1.70)
( ) d t t J S
0 a
STAS
max
+ t (1.71)














1.71.a 1.71.b 1.71.c 1.72
Figura 1.70

( )
m
tc
d
M 2
N
sin cos N Q

+
(1.72)
al min no t 2 1 tc
M k k M (1.73)
sa
m
s
l d
N


(1.74)
tn 2 1 tc
M K K M
sa s
tc
l d
N
;
d
M 2
N

(1.75)
( ) [ ] + + tg tg N F
1 1 a
(1.76)
r
0
0 a
l
l
S E
F

(1.77)
( )
a
r
1
l
l
tg

+ (1.78)
( )
( )
1 a
2 2
0 a
tg l
4
d D
4
d D
E 2
F +
+



(1.79)
tc sm
M
2
d
l d (1.80)

s m

s

s max

s max
V



N

N

Q
d
m

l

Q
5










Figura1.76





Figura 1.73










Figura 1.74 Figura 1.75










Figura 1.77 Figura 1.78 Figura 1.79

Tabelul 1.2
Marca STAS

c

[MPa]

R

[MPa]
Alungirea la
rupere, A%
Tipuri de arcuri
OLC 55A 880 1080 6 lamelare, cu foi, spirale
OLC 65A
795-80
780 980 10
OLC 75A 880 1080 9
OLC 85A 980 1130 8
lamelare, cu foi, spirale, elicoidale
51 Si 18A 1080 1180 cu foi, elicoidale
56 Si 17A 1270 1480
60 Si 15A 1080 1270
cu foi, elicoidale, disc, inelare
51 VCr 11A
795-80
1180 1320
6
cu foi, elicoidale, disc, inelare, bara de torsiune
61 Si 2 WA 11514-80 1668 1864 5 elicoidale, bara de torsiune
40 Cr130 3583-80 1250 1650 elicoidale
12 TiNiCr 180 11523-80 1450 1650 elicoidale

-







1.80.a 1.80.b 1.80.c 1.80.d 1.80.e 1.81.a 1.81.b

d
dM
c sau
df
dF
c (1.81)

d M L sau df F L (1.82)
V
L
k
v
(1.83)
D
d
M
t1 1 t
M
4
1

1 t
M
4
1
K
1 t
M
8
1

F
(M)
f

F
(M)
f

F
(M)
f

F
(M)
f

F
(M)
f

arcuri metalice
(Hooke)
arcuri metalice
de naltimi
diferite
arc disc
arc
spiral
arcuri metalice
cu foi
(histerezis)
arcuri din
cauciuc
(histerezis)
M


M
t

d
l
d

s
l
D

F
a1

1

N

N


N

N
N
H N(
1
cos +sin )

1
l
d

s max

6
G
V
L
k
2
max
u

, pentru solicitarea de torsiune, sau

E
V
L
k
2
max
u

, pentru solicitarea de ncovoiere sau de tractiune-compresiune.

(1.84)
2
max
v u
G
k k

, pentru solicitarea de torsiune, sau

2
max
v u
E
k k

, pentru solicitarea de ncovoiere sau de tractiune-compresiune.

(1.85)
L L L
h
(1.86)
L
L
1
L
L
h

(1.87)
+

+


1
1
L L
L L
(1.88)
at
p
t
t
W
M
(1.89)
4
t
p
t
d G
l M 32
I G
l M

(1.90)
l 32
G d
c
4

(1.91)
( )
32
d
G 2
l d
16
I G 2
l W
I G 2
l M
2
M
L
4
2
at
3
p
2
at p
p
2
t t



,
_

(1.92)
V
G
25 , 0 L
2
max t

(1.93)
3
t a
t
nec
M 16
d

sau
t
4
nec
M 32
G d
l

(1.94)











Figura 1.82
Figura 1.83













Figura 1.84 Figura 1.85
2
D cos F
M
m
t

(1.95)
2
D sin F
M
m
i

(1.96)
a
F
Fcos
a
Fsina
D
m
t
t

kt
t

F
D
m

d
t; t
0

H
b
H
1
H
0
H
2

F
F
2

f
f
1

f
2

f
b

F
1
F
b

caneluri
7

cos F F (1.97)
sin F F
N
(1.98)
3
m
p
t
t
d
D F 8
W
M


(1.99)
,
d
F 4
A
F
2
f

(1.100)
( ) 1 i 2
d
F 4
1
d
D
2
d
F 4
2
m
2
+

,
_

, unde:
d
D
i
m
este indicele arcului (raportul de nfasurare) (1.101)
2
t
d
i F 8


(1.102)
k
max
(1.103)
5 , 0 i
5 , 0 i
k

+
(1.104)
a
2 3
m
max
d
F i k 8
d
F D k 8

(1.105)
d i D cu ;
i F k 8
d
m
at
nec



(1.106)
p
t m
I G
l M
;
2
D
f

(1.107)
d G
n i F 8
f
3

(1.108)
3
m
4
D n 8
d G
c

(1.109)
F D 8
d G f
n
3
m
4


(1.110)
2
f F
W

(1.111)
( )
( ) real k pentru
D k 8
d
F
1 k pentru
D 8
d
F
m
a
2
m
a
3

(1.112)
p
2
m
p
m
m
p
m t
I G 2
F D n
I G
n D
2
D
F
I G
n D M
f

(1.113)
V
G
k
25 , 0
W
2
max
2

,
_

(1.114)





Figura 1.86 1.87.a 1.87.b 1.87.c 1.87.d
ai
2
max i
h b
l F 6

(1.115)
i a
2
z
max
max i
h b
l F 6
W
M

(1.116)
max i
z
z
x z
x
x i
W
l F
l
x
W
x F
W
M

(1.117)
l
x
6
h b
l
x
W
l
h b
W
2
z
2
x x
x z

(1.118)
( )
l
x
b b b b
0 0 x
+ (1.119)
3
i a
nec
h
b
l F 6
S

,
_

(1.120)
F F
8
( )
( )
1 3 2
3
2 2
z
3
3
1 2
z
3
2
3
z
z
3
1
f f f
1.78.c) (figura ;
1 2
ln 2 4 3 3
I E 3
l F
f
1.78.b) (figura f f ;
I E 2
l F
f
1.78.a) (figura
12
h b
I ;
I E 3
l F
f
> >

+

>

(1.121)
( )
( ) ( )
V
E
1 1 2
ln 2 1 4 3
6
1
L
; V
E 6
1
L
; V
E 18
1
L
2
max i
3
2 2
3
2
max i
2
2
max i
1

+
+

(1.122)
E k E
e e
(1.123)








Figura 1.89 Figura 1.90 Figura 1.88







Figura 1.91

Figura 1.92 Figura 1.93
f
h
A
E F (1.124)
f
h
A
E F , unde
,
_

h
a
f cu variatia prezentata n figura 1.93 (1.125)
s
f
tg
G A
F
; G
A
F
f

(1.126)













Figura 1.94









Figura 1.95 Figura 1.96

Figura 1.97
F (M)
f (?)
ncarcare
descarcare
energie disipata prin frecari
interne (max 40%)
F
F
a
h

10
5
5 10 a/h
l
l
l
F
F
F
b
b
b
b
0

F
F
F
h
h
h
a)
b)
c)
F
f
1 2 3
?
f
s
A
F
F
f
a)
b)

a) dupa ncarcare, sub sarcina F = ct;
b) dupa ndepartarea sarcinii.

timp