Phn 1 - Modem

I : modem l g Ni 1 cch khoa hc th modem l cm t ting anh c ghp t phn ch ci u tin ca 2 t ting anh Modulation v DEModulation , 2 t ny c ngha l , iu ch v Gii iu ch Nu ni v kha cnh phn cng th y l 1 loi thit b ngoi vi ca my tnh , n c dng thng tin gia 2 my qua cc dy dn thng thng . Dy dn thng thng oc dng nhiu cho cng vic ny l dy cp in thoi

II : S cn thit ca modem Modem l thit b cn thit cho vic lin lc gia cc my tnh qua ong dy in thoi thng thong . Modem hot ng theo 2 hng : iu ch d liu khi pht , v gii iu ch d liu khi nhn

III : Phm vi s dng modem Modem ch yu lm cng vic chuyn giao tn hiu s ) digital singnal ) sang tn hiu tong t ( analog signal ) v ngc li , nh vy modem s oc s dng bt c ni u c yu cu cng vic , ni 1 cch n gin nht m chng ta thong thy l modem c dng lm thit b truy xut internet t cc my tnh c nhn qua mng in thoi cng cng . Khi cc trung tm cung cp internet hay cc nh cung cp dch v internet ( ISP _Internet Service Provider ) cn phi n nhn nhng cuc gi vo ca cc khch hng v p ng dch v , tn hiu n v i t ng dy ni vi khch hng. p ng vi lng klhch hng ln , cc ISP ( ISP _Internet Service Provider ) s dng hng lot cc modem tc cao , lot cc modem ny thng oc gi l ngn hng moem Ngn hng moem c ni vo nhiu knh in thoi , nhng ch c mt hay vi s in thoi tng ng , nh m nhiu khch hng quay ng thi cng mt s in thoi nhng u c p ng kt ni , k thut ny oc gi l ni nhm lin t Hin nay , doi p lc i hi truy cp internet ngy cng cao , mt s gii php k thut c a ra nhm p ng nhu cu ny , mt trong nhng gii php oc thc hin trong my nm gn y l tn6 dng mng truyn hnh cp c sn , iu ny khng nhng cho khch hng thu tn hiu truyn hnh m cn truy xut c c dch v internet , trong mi trng dn nh vy , tc rt cao . y mi khch hng oc trang b 1 modem lm thnh phn trung gian gia cc my tnh v cp truyn hnh , modem ny c gi l modem cp greensmile.gif ( v vn cp ny th ngho cng khng rnh cho lm , hy vng ngoi no rnh v vn ny th xin ch gio thm )

IV : Phn loi modem Thng thong th modem l mt khi ring l , c ni vi my tnh hoc thit b u cui , qua si cp dng chun RS232 hoc RS449 ca EIA . Cc modem nh vy gi l modem ngoi . . mt s my tnh hay thit b u cui tch hp bn trong chng , cc modem m khng cn giao tip theo chun cua EIA gi l cc modem trong ( Internal Modem ) C th gi modem l 1 Crad ri gn vo cc khe m rng ( Slot ) ca my tnh hoc oc gn lin ( on board ) vimch chnh ( main board ) ca my tnh Thc t modem c phn loi theo cc t tnh ca n nh : * Tm hot ng - Short haul - Voice grade ( VG ) - Wideband * Loi ong dy - Dial - up - Private - Leased Line * S ng b - Aysnchronous - Synchronous * Ch hot ng - Half duplex - Full duplex - Simplex * S iu ch - AM - FM/FSK - PM * Tc truyn d liu * K thut truyn dn

Phn 2 - Cn bn v Modem - Cc ch hot ng

I : Cc ch hot ng Ni v cc ch hot ng ca modem th thng thng modem c 2 ch hot ng c bn - Ch lnh : cn gi l command mode , n cho php ngi s dng gi cc lnh t bn phm vo modem , yu cu modem thc hin 1 vic no . Thng qua ch lnh ny , ngi ta c th tham kho v modem , v cu hnh cho modem , v thng xuyn kim tra modem ca mode , m bo 1 cch an ton nht - Ch d liu : data mode , n ch php ngi dng trao i d liu xuyn qua cc ng truyn n u xa . Trong ch d liu modem , c 2 ch lm vic . l ch hi thoai, v ch truyn nhn tp tin + Ch hi thoi : Trong ch hi thoi ny modem cho php 2 thit b u cui d liu d liu 2 u cu ni c th m thoi qua mn hnh , v lc ch ch thng tin trn cu ni qua modem l song cng hon ton , ging nh trng hp 2 ngi cch nhau kh xa , c th tr chin cng nhau + Ch truyn nhn tp tin : trong ch ny , modem cho php cc u v cui nhn tp tin vi nhau Cng vic truyn nhn tp tin ca ca modem c s phi hp vi cc giao thc truyn c s dng trong cc phn mm truyn s liu , c ci t trong cc u cui d liu hay my tnh II : Cc tp lnh thng thng Khi modem ch lnh , chng ta c th dng bn phm gi lnh vo cho n . Cc lnh c th l 1 ring bit , hay l 1 dng gm nhiu lenh , dng lnh c k t cha , trong khng c qu 40 . c th cha gch ni v du ngoc cho d oc Sau y chng ta s tm hiu 1 s lnh cn bn 1. Lnh A L lnh dng tip nhn cuc gi khi modem khng ch tr li t ng . ng thi l lenh65 dng chuyn t cc cuc thoi sang cuc d liu 2. Lnh A/ Lnh ny chng ta yu cu modem ( c th hiu l ra lnh cho modem ) thc hin li lnh ngay trc , dng lnh thc hin sau cng c lu vo b nh , nu khng b xa th c th thc hin li c n bng lnh A/ 3. Lnh AT L lnh lun c g vo trc cc lnh , ngoi tr lnh A/ , nhm bo cho modem bit tc hin ti , khun mu k t , thng s kim tra 4. Lnh ,

L lnh tm dng trong chui lnh quay s 5. Lnh D L lnh quay s kt ni vi u xa , dng kt hp vi DS=n quay 1 s in thoi c lu trong b nh 6. Lnh E L lnh lp k t , lnh c 2 tham s : - 0: khng lp k t - 1: lp k t 7. Lnh +++ l k t thot tam ra cc ch lnh m khng ngt cuc gi ni 8. Lnh ! L lnh chuyn cuc gi . Dng sau s in thoi trong chui lnh quay s v cc s in thoi mun chuyn 9. Lnh H l lnh thc hin gc my 10. Lnh I L lnh nhn dng modem hay kim tra b nh chnh . C 2 tham s ; - 0: nhn dng modem - 1: kim tra b nh chnh 11. Lnh L L lnh chn m lng loa : c 3 tham s -1 thp -2 trung bnh -3 cao 12. Lnh M L lnh iu khin loa , c 4 tham s - 0 tt loa - 1 m loa cho n khi kt ni c - 2 m loa lin tc - 3 ging tham s 1 nhng khng c loa trong quay s 13. Lnh O L lnh tr modem v ch d liu t ch lnh tm thi 14. Lnh P Ch dung trong chui lnh quay s , yu cu modem quay s theo kiu pulse 15. Lnh T Ch dung trong chui lnh quay s , yu cu modem quay s theo kiu tone

16. Lnh Q L lnh cho php hoc khng cho php modem gi p ng . N c 2 tham s - 0 cho php - 1 khng cho php 17. Lnh Sr? L lnh c gi tr 1 thanh ghi ch r s thay cho s ca thanh ghi 18. Lnh ; L lnh yu cu tr v ch lnh sau khi quay s 19. Lnh V L lnh cho php chn kiu p ng , c 2 tham s - 0 p ng s - 1 p ng cu 20. Lnh W khi thc hin 1 cuc gi no , th dng lnh ny modem truy cp ng dy v i dial tone trong 1 thi gian trc khi quay s , thi gian c xacv1 nh trong thanh ghi S7 21. Lnh X L lnh chn tp p ng modem gi cc p ng tr li cc lnh c gi t bn phm . Cc p ng c th xut hin di dng digit n hay l t ting anh . Dng lnh chn hnh thc p ng , mc khc l p ng dng t ting anh . C th chn cc p ng thng qua 5 tham s ( tng ng nh 5 lnh di y - X0 to p ng tng thch vi Hayes Smartmodem gm p ng c bn OK CONNECT RING NO CARRIER ERROR - X1 gm tp p ng c bn , bo tc cho cc cuc ni , thc hin quay s " m " - X2 gm tp p ng X1 thm vo l p ng : NODIALTONE - X3 gm tp p ng X1 thm vo l p ng busy , cng cung cp kh nng quay s m - X4 l p ng c ci t bi nh ch to bao gm c p ng cc p ng X1 v thm vo 2 p ng l NODIALTONE v BUSY 22.Lnh Z

L lnh reset modem tr tt c cc thng s v mc nh ban u ca n 23. Lnh &C vi tham s 1 th modem cng nhn tn hiu sng mang khi tn hiu ny c thc . Vi tham s 0 th th modem coi nh sng mang t u xa lun lun tn ti ngay khi chng khng ca thc 24. Lnh &L l chn ch hot ng dial-up hay lease line - 0 : dial-up - 1 : lease line 25. Lnh &M Chn ch hot ng ng b hay bt ng b cc tham s ty chn theo modem 26. Lnh &V Cho php hin ln mn hnh cu hnh c lu gi , k c s in thoi trong b nh 27. Lnh &T L lnh kim tra , cc tham s hot ng ty theo modem 28. Lnh &ZN= L lnh lu gi s in thoi vo b nh 29. Lnh Sr= L lnh dng gn 1 gi tr cho 1 thanh ghi , ch " r " s c thay i bi ch s c th ca thanh ghi