Overview of SAP BW

A business of

1. Agenda

Contents
SAP BW Overview and Concepts Introducing the Administrator Workbench Data Modeling and Loading Data Extraction (OLTP and Remote Systems) The ODS and Business Content Production Support BEX Reporting

Data Warehousing and the SAP BW Overview and Concepts

SAP Business Information Warehouse

Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for reporting and analysis OLAP engine and tools for BEX Reporting Integrated meta data repository Data extraction and data staging in OLTP Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems Automated Data Warehouse management Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing content
5

Business Information Warehouse Architecture

Business Content

Financial Accounting
General Ledger Accnts Receivable Accnts Payable Special Ledger Fixed Assets

Logistics
Sales

Controlling
Profitability Analysis Product Costing Overhead Costing Profit Center Accnt

Purchasing Inventory Management Production Project Management

Human Resources
Administration Training & Events Time Management Payroll Accounting
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Close the Loop

Action

Common
Transaction Processing Analytical Applications

Meta Data
Extraction Transformation

Analysis

---------------------------------------------------------

OLTP

External

DSS

Architecture Overview

3rd party OLAP clients 3rd party OLAP client 3rd party OLAP client
MDX

Business Explorer
Analyzer (hosted by MS Excel) Browser

OLE-DB for OLAP Provider

Administrator Workbench
Administration Scheduling Monitor Meta Data Repositor y

OLAP Processor Meta Data Manager Data Manager Data Manager

InfoCatalog

InfoCubes Operational Data Store

Business Information Warehouse Server

Staging Engine
BAPI

Non R/3 Production Data Extractor Non R/3 OLTP Applications

Production Data Extractor

OLTP Reporting

R/3 OLTP Applications

9

Staging Process

InfoCube
Update Rules Update Rules
Communication Structure

InfoCube
Update Rules
Communication Structure

Business Information Warehouse Server Source Systems

Mapping & Transformation Rules

Transfer Structure

Info Sources & Transformation Rules Mapping

Transfer Structure Transfer Structure

R/3 standard extractor Data extract Sales Europe

3rd party extraction tool Data extract Sales Americas

Market Information

Research Institute R/3 OLTP System Non R/3 OLTP System

10

DataSource and InfoSource

Business Information Warehouse Server Staging Engine

InfoCubes
Update Rules
Communication structure

InfoSource
Transfer Rules
Transfer Structure

Transfer Rules

Transfer Rules
Transfer Structure

(Replicated)

Transfer Structure

DataSource
Transfer Structure Extract Source Structure Transfer Structure Extract Source Structure Transfer Structure Extract Source Structure

OLTP System 1

OLTP System 2

11

Extraction, Transformation and Loading

Open for any source Flexible set of ETL capabilities
JDBC XLMA ODBO

Integration on application level Open to third-party tools Support of open standards

to get a complete view of your business

12

Non-SAP Data Sources

Business Information Warehouse Server Administrator Workbench Meta Data Repositor y

Staging Engine Staging Engine

BAPI

Dat a Bas e

Complementary Extraction Complementary Extraction & Transformation Tool & Transformation Tool R/3 File Mainframe RDBMS
Non SAP

Staging BAPIs allow ... ... certified SAP Partners to provide ready-to-run extraction & transformation tools ... customers to integrate their non-SAP data

13

Persistent Staging Area

Business Information Warehouse Server InfoCube

Update Rules

PSA
InfoSource InfoSource

Validation

BAPI

Data extract OLTP System

Data extract
14

Administrator Workbench

Central Administration and Control Central Administration and Control Modeling Modeling Reporting Agent Reporting Agent Business Content Business Content Monitoring Monitoring Metadata Repository Metadata Repository

15

OLAP Processor
Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically Built-in functions for ...
... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max, first / last, average by period, ... ... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,... ... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,... ... Stock value handling ... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,... Derived key figures

Vienna.conf.032499

More OLAP Goodies ...

Hierarchies for interactive drill-down Tree-like structures on a characteristics domain Structure defined in external hierarchy table (similar to master data) no realignment problem! Flexible versioning on hierarchies Variables Determine set of data for a query at run-time which complex filters, which hierarchies? Values for variables are calculated by the system or entered by the user Values for variables can be used as input for formulae

17

Currency Conversion
Convert during data load and/or during analysis Based on R/3 conversion rates Conversion per
fiscal year / fiscal period calendar date / period conversion rate type

Business Explorer OLAP Processor OLAP Processor

EUR
USD

EUR

convert

Mixed currencies within columns or rows

multi currency aggregates can be resolved by a simple dill-down by units

JPY

Staging Engine Staging Engine

convert

N LG
DM

R/3

JPY EUR LIT

R FF
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File

Aggregates
Speed up query performance by providing pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes
Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and query anticipation Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate data package released for queries when aggregate update complete

Fully invisible to the end-user

Built-in consistency Zero downtime during load

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BW Data Model

Customer # Name 13970522 Brightview, Inc.

Location Palo Alto

Master data

Customer dimension

C Customer # 13970522 P C T Quantity Revenue

Region west ... Sales overhead 280,000 $ 60,000 $ ...

InfoCube
Fact table

Discount 50,000 $ 7,500 $

250 500,000 $ 50 100,000 $ P Product #

Product dimension

Product group displays ...

T Period 10

Fiscal year 1997

...

2101004

Time dimension

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21

InfoCube: SAP BW Design

Central data stores for reports and evaluations Contains two types of data: Key Figures Characteristics 1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables 3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP

Time Unit Info Package

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Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Query Cache

Others Govt Agencies Institutions Customer Group Retail Whole sale Dept Stores East South West Regions

Furnishings

Division
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Bi-products

Glassware

Chemicals

Ceramics

Plastics

InfoCube: Example

South

East

Region

Dept. Stores North Wholesale Retail

Customer group

Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewter ware

Division
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InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis

Query Cache

Characteristics:
Product group Customer group Division Area Company code Region Period Profit Center Bus. Area

InfoCube

Region

East

Customer group
Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware DeptStores Wholesale Retail

North

South

Division

Analysis of Ceramics 1 division

2 Analysis

of Plastics division

3 Analysis

of Plastics division and Southern region

East

South East

Region

Region

South

Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

DeptStores Wholesale Retail

Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

DeptStores Wholesale Retail

South

Customer group

Customer group

Region

East

Customer group
DeptStores Wholesale Retail

North

North

North

Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

Division

Division
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Division

InfoCube: Characteristics and Key Figures

Customer group 1 100 RT-0001 North Plastics Retail Trade Characteristics

Region

Sales 4,000,000 Hours worked 1,300,000

Key Figures

Division

Key Figures are stored for a unique combination of Characteristic Values Number of dimensions is degree of granularity / summarization level of the dataset
26

What is an InfoObject ?
The various OLTP data models are unified for BW Business objects / data elements become InfoObjects
R/3 OLTP
BW Extractor

Controlling

CO

Table of cost centers

KOSTL ...

DataSource for Cost Center

InfoObject 0COSTCENTER

Human Resources

HR

Table of employees
EMPLO COST_CENTER ...

InfoObjects are unique across application components !

27

Types of InfoObjects
Characteristics: evaluation groups like Cost Center, Product group, Material Have discrete values stored in their master data tables (e.g. the characteristic Region has the values North, South, ... ) Special types of characteristics:

Time characteristics like Fiscal period, Calendar year, ... Unit characteristics which comprise currencies and units of measure like Local currency or Sales quantity

Keyfigures: continuously valued numerical fields like amounts and quantities (e.g.: Revenue and Sales quantity) 28

Reporting Architecture
Analyzer defines ... Business Explorer

OLAP server OLAP Processor operates on ...

Query

Database

Database stores ...

Aggregates

Star Schema

InfoCube

stored in

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Business Explorer Analyzer shows ... defines...

Reporting Architecture
stored in

Query View
OLAP server OLAP Processor operates on ... Database Database stores ...

Excel Workbook

Query

Aggregates
stored in Star Schema

InfoCube
30

Analyzer: Defining Queries

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Analyzer embedded in Excel

Business Explorer Analyzer ... ... implemented as an Add-in for Microsoft Excel ... links query rsults to cells in Excel workbooks (e.g. multiple queries within same worksheet) ... offers all navigation features of OLAP-Processor via mouseclick, context-menus, toolbar etc.

Workbooks as container for queries (store, email)

All rendition and presentatio n features of Excel available

End-users build on existing Excel and MS Office know how

Vienna.conf.032499

Thank You

A business of