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WIRELESS SYSTEMS

PRESENTED BY VIKAS

4/13/12

4G wireless: One View

4G is the short name for fourth-generation wireless, the stage of mobile communications that will enable things like IP-based voice, data, gaming services and high quality streamed multimedia on portable devices with cable modem-like transmission speeds.

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HISTORY

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MODELS OF WIRELESS SYSTEM

1G WIRELESS SYSTEM 2G

SYSTEMS

WIRELESS

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 3G WIRELESS

4G WIRELESS

SYSTEM

SYSTEM

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ABOUT 4G WIRELESS SYSTEM

technology Standard.

4G is the fourth generation wireless network communications This new generation of wireless is intended to complement

and replace the 3G systems.

The 4G infrastructures will consist of a set of various

networks using IP (Internet protocol) as a common protocol.

Application adaptability and being highly dynamic are the

main features of 4G services.

The 4G systems will interoperate with 2G and 3G systems, as

well as with digital (broadband) broadcasting systems.

In addition, 4G systems will be fully IP-based wireless 4/13/12

1.Technologies That comprise 4G

4G is based entirely on packet switched networks. Standards such as 3G and Bluetooth will be incorporated in to the 4G standards.

2.Need for 4G

Firstly 3Gs maximum data transfer rate of 384 Kbps to 2mbps is much slower than 20 to 100 Mbps of 4G.

With its use of existing technologies and communication standards, 4G present a comparably inexpensive standard. 4G will utilize most of the existing wireless communication infrastructure.

3.Specifications of 4G
4G can provide a 10 times increase in data transfer over 3G. can This speed be achieved through Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM can not only transfer data at speed of more than 100 Mbps, but it can also eliminate interference that impairs high speed signals. 4/13/12

4.The potential applications of 4G

4G will provide for a vast number of presently non-existent applications for mobile devices.

4G devices will differ from present day mobile devices in that there will be navigation menus.

4G will provide a seamless network for users who travel and require uninterrupted voice/data connections.

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COMPARING KEY PARAMETERS OF 4G WITH 3G

3G 4G Converged data and voice over IP Predominantly voice drivendata was always add on Wide area cell based

Major Requirement Driving Architecture

Network architecture

Hybrid integration of wireless LAN and wide area 20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode Higher frequency bands (2-8 GHz)

Speed Frequency Band

384 Kbps to 2 Mbps 1800-2400 MHz

Switching Design Basis Access Technologies Component Design

Circuit and Packet W-CDMA, Optimized antenna design, multi-band adapters

All digital with packetized voice OFDM and MC-CDMA (Multi Carrier CDMA) Smarter Antennas, software multilane and wideband radios

IP

A number of air link protocols, All IP (IP6.0) including IP 5.0

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4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
The number of access networks in public, private

business and home areas is increasing.

Service providers will need access to specific network

characteristics to be able to enhance their services, and may have certain requirements such as minimum delay guarantees.
Another aspect is that the user needs to control the

usage of the available networks, especially when this usage comes with a price.

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 Business model of 4G Network model assumes there are relationships between the end The current

user, the service provider, and the network operator. In the 4G , the number of access networks and the number of network operators will increase rapidly.

Both the end user and the service provider do not want to be bothered with the peculiarities of these networks. This asks for a service centric approach where the end user, the service provider and network operator are loosely coupled through a Service Support role.

Two main responsibilities of Service Support are Service aggregation and Network integration .

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 Service aggregation

(SA) enables service provisioning to end users. whereas network ensures that this can be realized regardless of the network the end user is connected to. from being able to access his/her subscribed services anywhere and anytime. 4/13/12

integration (NI)

The end user benefits

ISSUES REGARDING IMPLEMENTING 4G WIRELESS NETWORKS

Access Handoff Location Coordination Resource coordination to add new users Support for quality of service Wireless securities and authentication Network failure and backup Pricing and billing
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WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES USED IN 4G

A. OFDM (ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTEPLEXING) B. UWB (ULTRA WIDE BAND) C. MILLIMETER WIRELESS D. SMART ANTENNAS E. LONG TERM POWER PREDICTION F. SCHEDULING AMONG USERS G. ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND POWER CONTROL
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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) provides clear advantages for physical layer performance, but also a framework for improving layer 2 performance by proposing an additional degree of free- domain. domain, the frequency domain and even the code domain to optimize radio channel usage. with reduced receiver complexity. physical layer performance .

In ODFM, it is possible to exploit the time domain, the space

It ensures very robust transmission in multi-path environments OFDM also provides a frequency diversity gain, improving the It is also compatible with other enhancement Technologies,

such as smart antennas and MIMO.

OFDM modulation can also be employed as a multiple access

technology (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access; OFDMA). 4/13/12

OFDM MODULATION SCHEME

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Smart Antennas

Switched Beam

Antennas
Adaptive Array

Antennas
v Smart antennas

can :
Optimize

available power
Increase base

station range and

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Millimeter Wireless
would constitute only one of several frequency bands, with the 5GHz band most likely dominant.

In a 4G system, millimeter wireless

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Scheduling among Users

under specified QoS requirements and delay constraints, scheduling will be used on different levels: a)Among sectors: b) Among users:

To optimize the system throughput,

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Adaptive modulation and power control

In a fading environment and for a highly loaded system there

will almost exist users with good channel conditions.

The modulation format for the scheduled user is selected

according to the predicted signal to noise and interference ratio.

By using sufficiently small time-frequency bins the channel can

be made approximately constant within bins.

For every timeslot, the time-frequency bins in the grid

represent separate channels.

For such channels the optimum rate and power allocation for

maximizing the throughput can be calculated under a total average power constraint.
The optimum strategy is to let one user, the one with best
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4G Software

Software define radio Packet layer Packets

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Software Defined Radio

A software defined radio is one that can

be configured to any radio or frequency standard through the use of software.

A software defined radio in the context

of 4G would be able to work on different broadband networks and would be able to transfer to another network seamlessly while traveling outside of the users home network.
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Packet Layer
The packet layer is a layer of

abstraction that separates the data being transmitted from the way that it is being transmitted.
The Internet relies on packets to move

files, pictures, video, and other information over the same hardware.
Without a packet layer, there would

need to be a separate connection on

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pAcKET
Advatages of packet layer:*Packets are a proven method to transfer information.

*A predictable algorithm does not split packets .

*The data in packets can be encrypted using conventional data encryption methods.

*There is no simple way to reconstruct data from packets without being the intended recipient.
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ADVANTAGES OF 4G

Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and other broadband services.

IP based mobile system.

High speed, high capacity, and low cost-per-bit

Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service-driven services

Better scheduling and call-admission-control techniques Ad-hoc and multi-hop networks 4/13/12

DISADVANTAGES
Expensive. Battery uses are more. Hard to implement Need complicated hardware.
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APPLICATIONS OF 4G
4G Car 4G and public safety Sensors in public vehicle Cameras in traffic light First responder route selection Traffic control during disasters

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TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER

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FUTURE
There are some good reasons for 4G development

and a variety of current and evolving technologies to make 4G a reality.

Both service providers and users want to reduce

the cost of wireless systems and the cost of wireless services. people who will want to own it.

Lesser the expensive of the system, the more 4G's flexibility will allow the integration of several

different LAN and WAN technologies.

Finally, the 4G wireless system would truly go into

a "one size fits all" category, having a feature set that meets the needs of just about everyone. 4/13/12

CONCLUSION
All totally the best way to help all users is to use 4G

as the next wireless system and in totally it is safety and secure for public, this the need that demands the solution.
Todays wired society is going wireless and if it has

problem, 4G is answer.

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Thank you
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