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Bai 2
Bai 2
Bai 2
BI 2 :
MCH KHUCH I DNG
TRANSISTOR LNG CC (BJT)
MC CH TH NGHIM
Gip sinh vin bng thc nghim kho st cc vn chnh sau y :
1. Vn phn cc DC CE/BJT-(NPN-PNP) : Xc nh im lm vic tnh Q(VCEQ, ICQ)
trn h c tuyn ngIra
, h s khuch i dng .
C = f ( VCE ) I B = const
2. Kho st mch khuch i AC ghp RC dng CE, CC, CB/BJT-NPN :
a. Kho st mch khuch i AC CE/BJT-NPN dy tn gia (Midrange) : Xc nh Av,
lch pha .
b. Kho st p ng tn s thp ca mch khuch i AC CE/BJT-NPN : v biu
Bode quan h Bin tn s Av(f), Pha tn s (f), xc nh tn s ct di
fCl = min(fCL1, fCL2) ca mch khuch i vi gi thit t CE bypass hon ton.
3. Kho st mch khuch i ghp kiu Darlington.
THIT B S DNG
B th nghim ATS-11 v Module th nghim AM-102B.
Dao ng k, ng h VOM v dy ni.
PHN I :
C S L THUYT
I.1.
E
CU TO TRANSISTOR
+ -
VCB
IC
IE
IB
IE = I B + IC
IC
I.2.
+
VCB
VBE
VBE : phn cc
thun mi ni
B-E
VCB : phn cc
nghch mi
ni B-C
B
E
+ -
VBE
VBE : phn cc
thun mi ni
B-E
C
VCB : phn cc
nghch mi
ni B-C
C
B
IB
IE
Hnh 2-1
E
(b) BJT - NPN
I.3.
VCC
Rc
Rb1
C2
Rc
C1
Rb1
Vo
RL
Vi
Rb2
Re
Ce
Rb2
Re
:
biu din ti c nhn bi b khuch i.
RL
RB1, RB2, RC v RE : cung cp phn cc DC BJT hot ng trong min tuyn tnh.
I.3.1.A.
Kho st DC:
Rb 2
VCC
Rb1 + Rb 2
VBB VBE
=
RBB + (1 + ) Re
Rb1 .Rb 2
Rb1 + Rb 2
VBB =
R BB =
IB
I E I C = I B
hie = 25 mV
h fe
I C (mA)
I.3.1.B.
Kho st AC:
c mch tng ng (Hnh 1c.) cn bit nh sau :
Bt k node no m in p ti ng bng hng s (constant) th c coi nh ni
t v mc AC. Ni tr ca tt c cc ngun cung cp c gi thit b qua, khng ng k
so vi cc thng s ca mch Do , cc node ngun cung cp c ni t v mt AC.
Cc t C1, C2, CE hot ng ngn mch (short circuits) ti cc tn s thuc dy gia
(midrange). Gi nh ny xc nh min dy gia.
Cc in dung dy ni v ca linh kin c tc dng h mch (open circuits) ti cc
tn s thuc dy gia.
Ng vo ca BJT c xem nh mt diode c in tr AC l hie. Dng base ib chy
vo trong linh kin. Ng ra ca BIT c xem nh mt ngun dng ic = hfe.ib vi in tr ra
l 1/hoe
Zi
Zo
Vo
Vi
1/hoe
Rb1//Rb2
hie
Rc
RL
ic =
hfeib
i
i i
(1 / h0 e ) // RC Rb1 // Rb 2
Ai = o = o b = h fe
ii ib ii
(1 / h0e ) // RC + RL Rb1 // Rb 2 + hie
1 ( Rb1 // Rb 2 // hie )
v
v i v
Av = o = o b . b = h fe .((1 / h0 e ) // RC // RL ) .
vi
ib v b v i
hie ( Rb1 // Rb 2 // hie ) + Ri
hie
( Rb1 // Rb 2 // hie + Ri )
Trong
trng hp : Rb1 v Rb2 >> hie, (1/hoe) v RL >> RC :
A v h fe
RC
R i + h ie
VCC
Rb1
C1
+
Ri
C2
R
BB
Vo
Vi
Rb3
Rb2
BB
Re
Ri
Re
I.3.2.A.
Kho st DC:
Rb 2
VCC
Rb1 + Rb 2
VBB VBE
=
RBB + (1 + ) Re
V BB =
R BB = Rb1 // Rb 2 + Rb 3
IB
I E I C = I B
hie = 25 mV
I.3.2.B.
Zi
Vi
Ri
h fe
I C (mA)
ib
hie
Vo
Re.hfe
RBB
Zo
Kho st AC:
hie + ( Ri // R BB )
h fe
v o v o ib v b
Av =
= . = Re .h fe
vi
ib v b v i
Z o = Re //
: rt ln
: rt nh
] h
ie
R BB //( hie + Re .h fe )
1
1
.
+ Re .h fe RBB //( hie + Re .h fe ) + Ri
C1
Rb1
Rc
C2
Rb1
Rc
Vo
Vi
Re
RL
Rb2
Cb
Rb2
Re
0
0
I.3.3.A.
I.3.3.B.
Kho st AC:
Zi
ii
Vi
ie
Zo
Vo
io
1/hob
Re
hib
Rc
hfb.ie
Z i = Re // hib hib
Z o = 1 / hob // RC
1 // R
C
i o io i e
hob
. Re h 1
Ai = = = h fb
fb
1
ii i e ii
// RC + RL Re + hib
hob
1
v o v o ie
= = h fb ( 1 // RC // R L ).
Av =
hob
h
vi
ie vi
ib
Vy: Mch CB khng c chc nng khuch i dng.
RL
PHN II :
Sau khi hiu k nhng vn l thuyt c nhc li v nhn mnh PHN I, phn ny
bao gm trnh t cc bc phi tin hnh ti phng th nghim.
Nh vy, SV cn thc hin, mc mch, o c, hiu k v ghi nhn kt qu. Sau mi bi th
nghim, GV hng dn s kim tra v nh gi kt qu th nghim ca SV.
II.1.2 Cc bc th nghim :
1. Chnh bin tr P1 VCE c cc gi tr theo bng A2-1. o in p ri trn R2 (VR2),
ghi vo Bng A2-1. Tnh IB, IC, v h s khuch i dng .
Bng A2- 1
in p VCE
[v]
VCC
= 5.5 V 6.5V
= 0.1 0.2V
Thng s
cn o
VR2 [V]
IB =
VR 2
V VCE
[A] I C = CC
[A]
R2
R 3 + P2
Nhn xt
= hfe
= Ic / Ib
2.
Q1
Q2
Q3
II.2.2 Cc bc th nghim :
Thng s
cn o
VR2 [V]
Nhn xt
= hfe
V VCE
V
I B = R 2 [A] I C = CC
[ A ] = Ic / Ib
R2
R 3 + P2
Q1(ICQ, VCEQ)
Q1(ICQ1, VCEQ1)
Q2(ICQ2, VCEQ2)
Q3(ICQ3, VCEQ3)
Hnh 2-3: Khuch i xoay chiu (AC) ghp CE dng BJT-NPN (Mch A2-3)
II.3.1.B
Cc bc th nghim:
1. Xc nh im lm vic tnh Q(ICQ, VCEQ) ca mch :
- o in p ti im A :
VA
= ........................................................
o
in
p
V
CEQ = ........................................................
- Tnh dng :
VA VCEQ
= ------------------I CQ =
R4 + R5
-
3.
4.
VOUT(p-p)
VIN(p-p)
|AV |
f (Hz)
O
Xc nh tn s ct di theo thc nghim :
fCL =
II.4.2 Kho st ch DC :
II.4.2A Ch dng 1 BJT (T1- NPN C1815) - Ti R5 =100
1/ S ni dy: Ngn mch J1 v J5, kho st ring Transistor T1 vi ti ng
ra R5 = 100.
2/ Cc bc th nghim:
a. Chnh bin tr P1 c cc gi tr in p ri trn R2 (VR2) nh Bng A2-5. o
in p trn ti ng ra VR5, tnh h s khuch i dng .
Bng A2-5.
Thng s cn o
VR2 [V]
VOUT [V]
0,05V
V
I B = R 2 [A]
R2
IC =
VR 5
[ A]
R5
= hfe = Ic / Ib
0,1V
2/ Cc bc th nghim:
a. Chnh bin tr P1 c cc gi tr in p trn R2 (VR2) theo Bng A2-6. o
in p trn ti ng ra VR5, tnh h s khuch i dng .
Bng A2-6
Thng s cn o
VR2 [V]
VR5 [V]
IB =
VR 2
[A]
R2
IC =
VR 5
[ A]
R5
= hfe = Ic / Ib
0,05V
0,1V
VOUT(p-p)
VIN(p-p)
Bng A2-7
Tr s in p vo VIN (p-p) = 100 mV
Bng A2-8
Ti
VIN (p-p)
VOUT (p-p)
li in p Av
R4 =1K
R5 = 100
R6 = 5,1K
d. Nhn xt v cc c trng ca mch khuch i CC (v h s khuch i dng
, h s khuch i p Av, lch pha )
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II.4.3B Ghp Darlington 2 BJT (T1- NPN C1815 v T2 NPN C1061) - Ti 100
1.
S ni dy: Mc mch ghp Darlington 2 BJT T1 v T2 nh mc II.4.2B
2.
Cc bc th nghim:
a. Ni ng ra OUT ca my pht vi ng vo (A) ca mch A2-4B. Bin my
pht VIN(p-p) = 100mV, f= 1Khz.
b. o cc gi tr VOUT, lch pha ghi vo bng A2-9, tnh Av.
Bng A2-9
Thng s cn o
Tr s in p vo VIN (p-p) = 100 mV
VOUT
VOUT(p-p)
li in p Av =
VIN(p-p)
lch pha
Dng Ic / T1
Ie1 = 1mA
Ic1 = mA
Ie2 = 2 mA
Ic2 = ..mA
VOUT(p-p)
VIN(p-p)
Bng A2-11
Tr s in p vo VIN (p-p) = 100 mV
Ti
VIN (p-p)
VOUT (p-p)
li in p Av
Khng ni J4
Ni J4
4. So snh s mt mt bin xung khi ni cht ti cho 3 b khuch i emitter
chung, collector chung v base chung. Kt lun s b v kh nng ng dng
ca mi loi.
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