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GE D60 Relay Manual
GE D60 Relay Manual
GE D60 Relay Manual
GE Industrial Systems
E83849
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T GIS ERE
GE Multilin 215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3 Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 201-2098 Internet: http://www.GEmultilin.com
LISTED IND.CONT. EQ. 52TL
ISO9001:2000
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U LT I L
*1601-0089-U2*
Addendum
g
ADDENDUM
GE Industrial Systems
This addendum contains information that relates to the D60 Line Distance Protection System, version 5.7x. This addendum lists a number of information items that appear in the instruction manual GEK-113519A (revision U2) but are not included in the current D60 operations. The following functions and items are not yet available with the current version of the D60 relay: Signal sources SRC 5 and SRC 6. Stub bus: The final stub bus protection is not implemented for this release. This feature can be implemented using a phase instantaneous overcurrent function and the auxiliary contact from the line disconnect, incorporated into a simple FlexLogic equation. Version 4.0x and higher releases of the D60 relay includes new hardware (CPU and CT/VT modules). The new CPU modules are specified with the following order codes: 9E, 9G, 9H, 9J, 9K, 9L, 9M, 9N, 9P, 9R, and 9S. The new CT/VT modules are specified with the following order codes: 8F, 8G 8L, 8M. The following table maps the relationship between the old CPU and CT/VT modules to the newer versions:
MODULE CPU OLD 9A 9C 9D ----------------CT/VT 8A 8B --NEW 9E 9G 9H 9J 9K 9L 9M 9N 9P 9R 9S 8F 8G 8L 8M DESCRIPTION RS485 and RS485 (Modbus RTU, DNP) RS485 and 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP) RS485 and redundant 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP) RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and 10/100Base-T RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and six-port managed Ethernet switch Standard 4CT/4VT Sensitive ground 4CT/4VT Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics
The new CT/VT modules can only be used with the new CPUs (9E, 9G, 9H, 9J, 9K, 9L, 9M, 9N, 9P, 9R, and 9S), and the old CT/VT modules can only be used with the old CPU modules (9A, 9C, 9D). To prevent any hardware mismatches, the new CPU and CT/VT modules have blue labels and a warning sticker stating Attn.: Ensure CPU and DSP module label colors are the same!. In the event that there is a mismatch between the CPU and CT/VT module, the relay will not function and a DSP ERROR or HARDWARE MISMATCH error will be displayed. All other input/output modules are compatible with the new hardware. With respect to the firmware, firmware versions 4.0x and higher are only compatible with the new CPU and CT/VT modules. Previous versions of the firmware (3.4x and earlier) are only compatible with the older CPU and CT/VT modules.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GETTING STARTED
1.2 UR OVERVIEW
1.4 UR HARDWARE
2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 2.2.9 2.2.10 2.2.11 2.2.12 2.2.13 2.2.14 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................ 2-1 ORDERING........................................................................................................ 2-3 REPLACEMENT MODULES ............................................................................. 2-7 PROTECTION ELEMENTS ............................................................................. 2-10 USER PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS ........................................................... 2-15 MONITORING .................................................................................................. 2-16 METERING ...................................................................................................... 2-16 INPUTS ............................................................................................................ 2-17 POWER SUPPLY ............................................................................................ 2-18 OUTPUTS ........................................................................................................ 2-18 COMMUNICATIONS........................................................................................ 2-19 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS ............................................................... 2-21 ENVIRONMENTAL .......................................................................................... 2-21 TYPE TESTS ................................................................................................... 2-22 PRODUCTION TESTS .................................................................................... 2-22 APPROVALS ................................................................................................... 2-23 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................... 2-23
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
3. HARDWARE
3.1 DESCRIPTION
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 PANEL CUTOUT ............................................................................................... 3-1 MODULE WITHDRAWAL AND INSERTION ..................................................... 3-6 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT............................................................................... 3-8 TYPICAL WIRING............................................................................................ 3-10 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH ............................................................................... 3-11 CONTROL POWER ......................................................................................... 3-11 CT/VT MODULES ............................................................................................ 3-12 PROCESS BUS MODULES ............................................................................ 3-13 CONTACT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ............................................................... 3-14
3.2 WIRING
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3.2.7 3.2.8 3.2.9 3.2.10 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7 3.3.8 3.3.9 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS.................................................................3-21 RS232 FACEPLATE PORT ..............................................................................3-22 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS.....................................................................3-22 IRIG-B ...............................................................................................................3-25 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................3-27 FIBER: LED AND ELED TRANSMITTERS ......................................................3-29 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS .....................................................................3-29 G.703 INTERFACE...........................................................................................3-30 RS422 INTERFACE .........................................................................................3-33 RS422 AND FIBER INTERFACE .....................................................................3-35 G.703 AND FIBER INTERFACE ......................................................................3-35 IEEE C37.94 INTERFACE................................................................................3-36 C37.94SM INTERFACE ...................................................................................3-38 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................3-40 MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE HARDWARE..............................3-40 MANAGED SWITCH LED INDICATORS .........................................................3-41 CONFIGURING THE MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE .................3-41 UPLOADING D60 SWITCH MODULE FIRMWARE .........................................3-43 ETHERNET SWITCH SELF-TEST ERRORS...................................................3-46
4. HUMAN INTERFACES
5. SETTINGS
5.1 OVERVIEW
5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 5.2.10 5.2.11 5.2.12 5.2.13 SETTINGS MAIN MENU ....................................................................................5-1 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS ......................................................................5-4 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES..................................................................5-5 SECURITY..........................................................................................................5-8 DISPLAY PROPERTIES ..................................................................................5-12 CLEAR RELAY RECORDS ..............................................................................5-14 COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................5-15 MODBUS USER MAP ......................................................................................5-34 REAL TIME CLOCK .........................................................................................5-35 FAULT REPORTS ............................................................................................5-36 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................5-38 DATA LOGGER ................................................................................................5-40 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS .....................................................................5-41 USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF-TESTS .........................................................5-44 CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS ............................................................................5-45 USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS....................................................5-47
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5.2.14 5.2.15 5.2.16 5.2.17 5.2.18 5.3.1 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6 5.4.7 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4 5.5.5 5.5.6 5.5.7 5.5.8 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 5.6.4 5.6.5 5.6.6 5.6.7 5.6.8 5.6.9 5.6.10 5.6.11 5.6.12 5.6.13 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 5.7.4 5.7.5 5.7.6 5.7.7 5.7.8 5.7.9 5.7.10 5.7.11 5.8.1 5.8.2 5.8.3 5.8.4 5.8.5 5.8.6 5.8.7 5.8.8 5.8.9 5.8.10 5.8.11 5.8.12 5.8.13 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS .......................................................................... 5-52 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS ....................................................................... 5-53 DIRECT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ................................................................... 5-55 TELEPROTECTION......................................................................................... 5-63 INSTALLATION................................................................................................ 5-63 REMOTE RESOURCES CONFIGURATION ................................................... 5-65 AC INPUTS ...................................................................................................... 5-66 POWER SYSTEM............................................................................................ 5-67 SIGNAL SOURCES ......................................................................................... 5-68 BREAKERS...................................................................................................... 5-71 DISCONNECT SWITCHES ............................................................................. 5-75 FLEXCURVES ............................................................................................. 5-78 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT.................................................................... 5-85 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC ............................................................. 5-101 FLEXLOGIC RULES .................................................................................. 5-113 FLEXLOGIC EVALUATION........................................................................ 5-113 FLEXLOGIC EXAMPLE ............................................................................. 5-114 FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR ............................................................. 5-118 FLEXLOGIC TIMERS................................................................................. 5-118 FLEXELEMENTS ....................................................................................... 5-119 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES ........................................................................... 5-123 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 5-124 SETTING GROUP ......................................................................................... 5-124 LINE PICKUP................................................................................................. 5-125 DISTANCE ..................................................................................................... 5-127 POWER SWING DETECT ............................................................................. 5-145 LOAD ENCROACHMENT.............................................................................. 5-154 PHASE CURRENT ........................................................................................ 5-156 NEUTRAL CURRENT.................................................................................... 5-167 WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT .................................................................. 5-175 GROUND CURRENT..................................................................................... 5-178 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT ............................................................. 5-180 BREAKER FAILURE ...................................................................................... 5-186 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS .................................................................................. 5-195 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 5-206 TRIP BUS....................................................................................................... 5-206 SETTING GROUPS ....................................................................................... 5-208 SELECTOR SWITCH..................................................................................... 5-209 TRIP OUTPUT ............................................................................................... 5-215 SYNCHROCHECK......................................................................................... 5-221 AUTORECLOSE ............................................................................................ 5-225 DIGITAL ELEMENTS..................................................................................... 5-237 DIGITAL COUNTERS .................................................................................... 5-240 MONITORING ELEMENTS ........................................................................... 5-242 PILOT SCHEMES .......................................................................................... 5-253 CONTACT INPUTS........................................................................................ 5-275 VIRTUAL INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-277 CONTACT OUTPUTS.................................................................................... 5-278 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ...................................................................................... 5-280 REMOTE DEVICES ....................................................................................... 5-281 REMOTE INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-282 REMOTE DOUBLE-POINT STATUS INPUTS .............................................. 5-283 REMOTE OUTPUTS...................................................................................... 5-283 RESETTING................................................................................................... 5-284 DIRECT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ................................................................. 5-285 TELEPROTECTION INPUTS AND OUTPUTS.............................................. 5-288 IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS...................................................................... 5-290 IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS..................................................................... 5-291
5.5 FLEXLOGIC
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5.10 TESTING
6. ACTUAL VALUES
6.1 OVERVIEW
6.1.1 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.2.9 6.2.10 6.2.11 6.2.12 6.2.13 6.2.14 6.2.15 6.2.16 6.2.17 6.2.18 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.3.7 6.3.8 6.3.9 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4 6.4.5 6.4.6 6.5.1 6.5.2 ACTUAL VALUES MAIN MENU .........................................................................6-1 CONTACT INPUTS ............................................................................................6-3 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3 REMOTE INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3 REMOTE DOUBLE-POINT STATUS INPUTS ...................................................6-4 TELEPROTECTION INPUTS .............................................................................6-4 CONTACT OUTPUTS ........................................................................................6-4 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ..........................................................................................6-5 AUTORECLOSE.................................................................................................6-5 REMOTE DEVICES............................................................................................6-5 DIGITAL COUNTERS.........................................................................................6-6 SELECTOR SWITCHES ....................................................................................6-6 FLEX STATES ....................................................................................................6-6 ETHERNET ........................................................................................................6-7 DIRECT INPUTS ................................................................................................6-7 DIRECT DEVICES STATUS ..............................................................................6-8 IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS .........................................................................6-8 TELEPROTECTION CHANNEL TESTS.............................................................6-8 ETHERNET SWITCH .........................................................................................6-9 METERING CONVENTIONS ...........................................................................6-10 SOURCES ........................................................................................................6-13 SYNCHROCHECK ...........................................................................................6-17 TRACKING FREQUENCY................................................................................6-17 FLEXELEMENTS ..........................................................................................6-17 IEC 61580 GOOSE ANALOG VALUES ...........................................................6-18 WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT.....................................................................6-18 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT ....................................................................6-18 TRANSDUCER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ........................................................6-19 FAULT REPORTS ............................................................................................6-20 EVENT RECORDS ...........................................................................................6-20 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................6-21 DATA LOGGER ................................................................................................6-21 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT RECORDS .................................................6-21 BREAKER MAINTENANCE .............................................................................6-22 MODEL INFORMATION ...................................................................................6-23 FIRMWARE REVISIONS..................................................................................6-23
6.2 STATUS
6.3 METERING
6.4 RECORDS
7.1 COMMANDS
7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 COMMANDS MENU ...........................................................................................7-1 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................7-1 CLEAR RECORDS .............................................................................................7-2 SET DATE AND TIME ........................................................................................7-2 RELAY MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................7-3 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT ONE-SHOT ..................................................7-3
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8. SECURITY
9. THEORY OF OPERATION
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B. MODBUS COMMUNICATIONS
C.1 OVERVIEW
C.1.1 C.1.2 C.2.1 C.2.2 C.2.3 C.2.4 C.2.5 C.2.6 C.2.7 C.3.1 C.3.2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... C-1 COMMUNICATION PROFILES ......................................................................... C-1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................... C-2 GGIO1: DIGITAL STATUS VALUES ................................................................. C-2 GGIO2: DIGITAL CONTROL VALUES.............................................................. C-2 GGIO3: DIGITAL STATUS AND ANALOG VALUES FROM RECEIVED GOOSE DATAC-2 GGIO4: GENERIC ANALOG MEASURED VALUES......................................... C-2 MMXU: ANALOG MEASURED VALUES .......................................................... C-3 PROTECTION AND OTHER LOGICAL NODES............................................... C-3 BUFFERED/UNBUFFERED REPORTING........................................................ C-5 FILE TRANSFER ............................................................................................... C-5
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C.3.3 C.3.4 C.3.5 C.3.6 C.3.7 C.3.8 C.3.9 C.4.1 C.4.2 C.4.3 C.4.4 C.4.5 C.4.6 C.5.1 C.5.2 C.5.3 C.5.4 C.5.5 C.5.6 C.6.1 C.6.2 C.6.3 C.7.1 TIMESTAMPS AND SCANNING .......................................................................C-5 LOGICAL DEVICE NAME..................................................................................C-5 LOCATION.........................................................................................................C-5 LOGICAL NODE NAME PREFIXES ..................................................................C-6 CONNECTION TIMING .....................................................................................C-6 NON-IEC 61850 DATA ......................................................................................C-6 COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE UTILITIES .....................................................C-6 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................C-7 GSSE CONFIGURATION ..................................................................................C-7 FIXED GOOSE ..................................................................................................C-7 CONFIGURABLE GOOSE.................................................................................C-7 ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS FOR GSSE/GOOSE...........................................C-9 GSSE ID AND GOOSE ID SETTINGS ............................................................C-10 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................C-11 CONFIGURING IEC 61850 SETTINGS...........................................................C-12 ABOUT ICD FILES...........................................................................................C-13 CREATING AN ICD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP ..............................C-17 ABOUT SCD FILES .........................................................................................C-17 IMPORTING AN SCD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP ...........................C-20 ACSI BASIC CONFORMANCE STATEMENT.................................................C-22 ACSI MODELS CONFORMANCE STATEMENT ............................................C-22 ACSI SERVICES CONFORMANCE STATEMENT .........................................C-23 LOGICAL NODES TABLE ...............................................................................C-26
E. DNP COMMUNICATIONS
F. MISCELLANEOUS
INDEX
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1 GETTING STARTED 1 GETTING STARTED 1.1IMPORTANT PROCEDURES Please read this chapter to help guide you through the initial setup of your new relay.
1
1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS
WARNING
CAUTION
Before attempting to install or use the relay, it is imperative that all WARNINGS and CAUTIONS in this manual are reviewed to help prevent personal injury, equipment damage, and/or downtime. 1.1.2 INSPECTION CHECKLIST
1. 2.
Open the relay packaging and inspect the unit for physical damage. View the rear nameplate and verify that the correct model has been ordered.
RATINGS:
Control Power: 88-300V DC @ 35W / 77-265V AC @ 35VA Contact Inputs: 300V DC Max 10mA Contact Outputs: Standard Pilot Duty / 250V AC 7.5A 360V A Resistive / 125V DC Break 4A @ L/R = 40mS / 300W
Made in Canada
Model: Mods: Wiring Diagram: Inst. Manual: Serial Number: Firmware: Mfg. Date:
837806A1.CDR
Figure 11: REAR NAMEPLATE (EXAMPLE) 3. Ensure that the following items are included: Instruction manual. GE EnerVista CD (includes the EnerVista UR Setup software and manuals in PDF format). Mounting screws. For product information, instruction manual updates, and the latest software updates, please visit the GE Multilin website at http://www.GEmultilin.com. If there is any noticeable physical damage, or any of the contents listed are missing, please contact GE Multilin immediately.
NOTE
GE MULTILIN CONTACT INFORMATION AND CALL CENTER FOR PRODUCT SUPPORT: GE Multilin 215 Anderson Avenue Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3 TELEPHONE: FAX: E-MAIL: HOME PAGE: (905) 294-6222, 1-800-547-8629 (North America only) (905) 201-2098 gemultilin@ge.com http://www.GEmultilin.com
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Historically, substation protection, control, and metering functions were performed with electromechanical equipment. This first generation of equipment was gradually replaced by analog electronic equipment, most of which emulated the singlefunction approach of their electromechanical precursors. Both of these technologies required expensive cabling and auxiliary equipment to produce functioning systems. Recently, digital electronic equipment has begun to provide protection, control, and metering functions. Initially, this equipment was either single function or had very limited multi-function capability, and did not significantly reduce the cabling and auxiliary equipment required. However, recent digital relays have become quite multi-functional, reducing cabling and auxiliaries significantly. These devices also transfer data to central control facilities and Human Machine Interfaces using electronic communications. The functions performed by these products have become so broad that many users now prefer the term IED (Intelligent Electronic Device). It is obvious to station designers that the amount of cabling and auxiliary equipment installed in stations can be even further reduced, to 20% to 70% of the levels common in 1990, to achieve large cost reductions. This requires placing even more functions within the IEDs. Users of power equipment are also interested in reducing cost by improving power quality and personnel productivity, and as always, in increasing system reliability and efficiency. These objectives are realized through software which is used to perform functions at both the station and supervisory levels. The use of these systems is growing rapidly. High speed communications are required to meet the data transfer rates required by modern automatic control and monitoring systems. In the near future, very high speed communications will be required to perform protection signaling with a performance target response time for a command signal between two IEDs, from transmission to reception, of less than 3 milliseconds. This has been established by the IEC 61850 standard. IEDs with the capabilities outlined above will also provide significantly more power system data than is presently available, enhance operations and maintenance, and permit the use of adaptive system configuration for protection and control systems. This new generation of equipment must also be easily incorporated into automation systems, at both the station and enterprise levels. The GE Multilin Universal Relay (UR) has been developed to meet these goals.
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1 GETTING STARTED
a) UR BASIC DESIGN The UR is a digital-based device containing a central processing unit (CPU) that handles multiple types of input and output signals. The UR can communicate over a local area network (LAN) with an operator interface, a programming device, or another UR device.
Input Elements
Contact Inputs Virtual Inputs Analog Inputs CT Inputs VT Inputs Remote Inputs Direct Inputs
Input Status Table
CPU Module
Protective Elements Pickup Dropout Output Operate
Status
Output Elements
Contact Outputs Virtual Outputs Analog Outputs Remote Outputs -DNA -USER Direct Outputs
Logic Gates
Table
Figure 12: UR CONCEPT BLOCK DIAGRAM The CPU module contains firmware that provides protection elements in the form of logic algorithms, as well as programmable logic gates, timers, and latches for control features. Input elements accept a variety of analog or digital signals from the field. The UR isolates and converts these signals into logic signals used by the relay. Output elements convert and isolate the logic signals generated by the relay into digital or analog signals that can be used to control field devices. b) UR SIGNAL TYPES The contact inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with connections to hard-wired contacts. Both wet and dry contacts are supported. The virtual inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with UR-series internal logic signals. Virtual inputs include signals generated by the local user interface. The virtual outputs are outputs of FlexLogic equations used to customize the device. Virtual outputs can also serve as virtual inputs to FlexLogic equations. The analog inputs and outputs are signals that are associated with transducers, such as Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs). The CT and VT inputs refer to analog current transformer and voltage transformer signals used to monitor AC power lines. The UR-series relays support 1 A and 5 A CTs. The remote inputs and outputs provide a means of sharing digital point state information between remote UR-series devices. The remote outputs interface to the remote inputs of other UR-series devices. Remote outputs are FlexLogic operands inserted into IEC 61850 GSSE and GOOSE messages. The direct inputs and outputs provide a means of sharing digital point states between a number of UR-series IEDs over a dedicated fiber (single or multimode), RS422, or G.703 interface. No switching equipment is required as the IEDs are connected directly in a ring or redundant (dual) ring configuration. This feature is optimized for speed and intended for pilotaided schemes, distributed logic applications, or the extension of the input/output capabilities of a single relay chassis.
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1 GETTING STARTED
The UR-series devices operate in a cyclic scan fashion. The device reads the inputs into an input status table, solves the logic program (FlexLogic equation), and then sets each output to the appropriate state in an output status table. Any resulting task execution is priority interrupt-driven.
Read Inputs
Protection elements serviced by sub-scan
Protective Elements
Solve Logic
PKP DPO OP
Set Outputs
827823A1.CDR
Figure 13: UR-SERIES SCAN OPERATION 1.2.3 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE The firmware (software embedded in the relay) is designed in functional modules which can be installed in any relay as required. This is achieved with object-oriented design and programming (OOD/OOP) techniques. Object-oriented techniques involve the use of objects and classes. An object is defined as a logical entity that contains both data and code that manipulates that data. A class is the generalized form of similar objects. By using this concept, one can create a protection class with the protection elements as objects of the class, such as time overcurrent, instantaneous overcurrent, current differential, undervoltage, overvoltage, underfrequency, and distance. These objects represent completely self-contained software modules. The same object-class concept can be used for metering, input/output control, hmi, communications, or any functional entity in the system. Employing OOD/OOP in the software architecture of the D60 achieves the same features as the hardware architecture: modularity, scalability, and flexibility. The application software for any UR-series device (for example, feeder protection, transformer protection, distance protection) is constructed by combining objects from the various functionality classes. This results in a common look and feel across the entire family of UR-series platform-based applications. 1.2.4 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS As described above, the architecture of the UR-series relays differ from previous devices. To achieve a general understanding of this device, some sections of Chapter 5 are quite helpful. The most important functions of the relay are contained in elements. A description of the UR-series elements can be found in the Introduction to elements section in chapter 5. Examples of simple elements, and some of the organization of this manual, can be found in the Control elements section of chapter 5. An explanation of the use of inputs from CTs and VTs is in the Introduction to AC sources section in chapter 5. A description of how digital signals are used and routed within the relay is contained in the Introduction to FlexLogic section in chapter 5.
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The faceplate keypad and display or the EnerVista UR Setup software interface can be used to communicate with the relay. The EnerVista UR Setup software interface is the preferred method to edit settings and view actual values because the PC monitor can display more information in a simple comprehensible format. The following minimum requirements must be met for the EnerVista UR Setup software to properly operate on a PC. Pentium class or higher processor (Pentium II 300 MHz or higher recommended) Windows 95, 98, 98SE, ME, NT 4.0 (Service Pack 4 or higher), 2000, XP Internet Explorer 4.0 or higher 128 MB of RAM (256 MB recommended) 200 MB of available space on system drive and 200 MB of available space on installation drive Video capable of displaying 800 x 600 or higher in high-color mode (16-bit color) RS232 and/or Ethernet port for communications to the relay
The following qualified modems have been tested to be compliant with the D60 and the EnerVista UR Setup software. US Robotics external 56K FaxModem 5686 US Robotics external Sportster 56K X2 PCTEL 2304WT V.92 MDC internal modem 1.3.2 INSTALLATION After ensuring the minimum requirements for using EnerVista UR Setup are met (see previous section), use the following procedure to install the EnerVista UR Setup from the enclosed GE EnerVista CD. 1. 2. 3. 4. Insert the GE EnerVista CD into your CD-ROM drive. Click the Install Now button and follow the installation instructions to install the no-charge EnerVista software. When installation is complete, start the EnerVista Launchpad application. Click the IED Setup section of the Launch Pad window.
5.
In the EnerVista Launch Pad window, click the Add Product button and select the D60 Line Distance Protection System from the Install Software window as shown below. Select the Web option to ensure the most recent software
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1 GETTING STARTED
release, or select CD if you do not have a web connection, then click the Add Now button to list software items for the D60.
6. 7. 8. 9.
EnerVista Launchpad will obtain the software from the Web or CD and automatically start the installation program. Select the complete path, including the new directory name, where the EnerVista UR Setup will be installed. Click on Next to begin the installation. The files will be installed in the directory indicated and the installation program will automatically create icons and add EnerVista UR Setup to the Windows start menu. Click Finish to end the installation. The UR-series device will be added to the list of installed IEDs in the EnerVista Launchpad window, as shown below.
1.3.3 CONFIGURING THE D60 FOR SOFTWARE ACCESS a) OVERVIEW The user can connect remotely to the D60 through the rear RS485 port or the rear Ethernet port with a PC running the EnerVista UR Setup software. The D60 can also be accessed locally with a laptop computer through the front panel RS232 port or the rear Ethernet port using the Quick Connect feature.
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1 GETTING STARTED
To configure the D60 for remote access via the rear RS485 port(s), refer to the Configuring Serial Communications section. To configure the D60 for remote access via the rear Ethernet port, refer to the Configuring Ethernet Communications section. An Ethernet module must be specified at the time of ordering. To configure the D60 for local access with a laptop through either the front RS232 port or rear Ethernet port, refer to the Using the Quick Connect Feature section. An Ethernet module must be specified at the time of ordering for Ethernet communications.
b) CONFIGURING SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS Before starting, verify that the serial cable is properly connected to the RS485 terminals on the back of the device. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local use and is not described in this section; see the Using the Quick Connect Feature section for details on configuring the RS232 port. A GE Multilin F485 converter (or compatible RS232-to-RS485 converter) is will be required. Refer to the F485 instruction manual for additional details. 1. 2. 3. 4. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE EnerVista CD or online from http://www.GEmultilin.com). See the Software Installation section for installation details. Select the UR device from the EnerVista Launchpad to start EnerVista UR Setup. Click the Device Setup button to open the Device Setup window and click the Add Site button to define a new site. Enter the desired site name in the Site Name field. If desired, a short description of site can also be entered along with the display order of devices defined for the site. In this example, we will use Location 1 as the site name. Click the OK button when complete. The new site will appear in the upper-left list in the EnerVista UR Setup window. Click the Device Setup button then select the new site to re-open the Device Setup window. Click the Add Device button to define the new device. Enter the desired name in the Device Name field and a description (optional) of the site. Select Serial from the Interface drop-down list. This will display a number of interface parameters that must be entered for proper serial communications.
5. 6. 7. 8.
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1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE 9. Enter the relay slave address, COM port, baud rate, and parity settings from the SETTINGS SERIAL PORTS menu in their respective fields.
1 GETTING STARTED
PRODUCT SETUP COM-
MUNICATIONS
10. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the D60 device and upload the order code. If an communications error occurs, ensure that the EnerVista UR Setup serial communications values entered in the previous step correspond to the relay setting values. 11. Click OK when the relay order code has been received. The new device will be added to the Site List window (or Online window) located in the top left corner of the main EnerVista UR Setup window. The Site Device has now been configured for RS232 communications. Proceed to the Connecting to the D60 section to begin communications. c) CONFIGURING ETHERNET COMMUNICATIONS Before starting, verify that the Ethernet network cable is properly connected to the Ethernet port on the back of the relay. To setup the relay for Ethernet communications, it will be necessary to define a Site, then add the relay as a Device at that site. 1. 2. 3. 4. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE EnerVista CD or online from http://www.GEmultilin.com). See the Software Installation section for installation details. Select the UR device from the EnerVista Launchpad to start EnerVista UR Setup. Click the Device Setup button to open the Device Setup window, then click the Add Site button to define a new site. Enter the desired site name in the Site Name field. If desired, a short description of site can also be entered along with the display order of devices defined for the site. In this example, we will use Location 2 as the site name. Click the OK button when complete. The new site will appear in the upper-left list in the EnerVista UR Setup window. Click the Device Setup button then select the new site to re-open the Device Setup window. Click the Add Device button to define the new device. Enter the desired name in the Device Name field and a description (optional) of the site. Select Ethernet from the Interface drop-down list. This will display a number of interface parameters that must be entered for proper Ethernet functionality.
5. 6. 7. 8.
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1 GETTING STARTED 9. Enter the relay IP address specified in the SETTINGS in the IP Address field.
ADDRESS)
10. Enter the relay slave address and Modbus port address values from the respective settings in the SETTINGS UCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS MODBUS PROTOCOL menu.
PROD-
11. Click the Read Order Code button to connect to the D60 device and upload the order code. If an communications error occurs, ensure that the three EnerVista UR Setup values entered in the previous steps correspond to the relay setting values. 12. Click OK when the relay order code has been received. The new device will be added to the Site List window (or Online window) located in the top left corner of the main EnerVista UR Setup window. The Site Device has now been configured for Ethernet communications. Proceed to the Connecting to the D60 section to begin communications. 1.3.4 USING THE QUICK CONNECT FEATURE a) USING QUICK CONNECT VIA THE FRONT PANEL RS232 PORT Before starting, verify that the serial cable is properly connected from the laptop computer to the front panel RS232 port with a straight-through 9-pin to 9-pin RS232 cable. 1. 2. 3. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE EnerVista CD or online from http://www.GEmultilin.com). See the Software Installation section for installation details. Select the UR device from the EnerVista Launchpad to start EnerVista UR Setup. Click the Quick Connect button to open the Quick Connect dialog box.
4. 5.
Select the Serial interface and the correct COM Port, then click Connect. The EnerVista UR Setup software will create a site named Quick Connect with a corresponding device also named Quick Connect and display them on the upper-left corner of the screen. Expand the sections to view data directly from the D60 device.
Each time the EnerVista UR Setup software is initialized, click the Quick Connect button to establish direct communications to the D60. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the D60 model number. b) USING QUICK CONNECT VIA THE REAR ETHERNET PORTS To use the Quick Connect feature to access the D60 from a laptop through Ethernet, first assign an IP address to the relay from the front panel keyboard. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Press the MENU key until the SETTINGS menu is displayed. Navigate to the SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK IP ADDRESS
setting.
Enter an IP address of 1.1.1.1 and select the ENTER key to save the value. In the same menu, select the SUBNET IP MASK setting. Enter a subnet IP address of 255.0.0.0 and press the ENTER key to save the value.
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1 GETTING STARTED
Next, use an Ethernet cross-over cable to connect the laptop to the rear Ethernet port. The pinout for an Ethernet crossover cable is shown below.
2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8
END 1 Pin Wire color 1 White/orange 2 Orange 3 White/green 4 Blue 5 White/blue 6 Green 7 White/brown 8 Brown Diagram END 2 Pin Wire color 1 White/green 2 Green 3 White/orange 4 Blue 5 White/blue 6 Orange 7 White/brown 8 Brown Diagram
842799A1.CDR
Figure 16: ETHERNET CROSS-OVER CABLE PIN LAYOUT Now, assign the laptop computer an IP address compatible with the relays IP address. 1. From the Windows desktop, right-click the My Network Places icon and select Properties to open the network connections window.
2.
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1 GETTING STARTED 3.
Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item from the list provided and click the Properties button.
4. 5. 6. 7.
Click on the Use the following IP address box. Enter an IP address with the first three numbers the same as the IP address of the D60 relay and the last number different (in this example, 1.1.1.2). Enter a subnet mask equal to the one set in the D60 (in this example, 255.0.0.0). Click OK to save the values.
Before continuing, it will be necessary to test the Ethernet connection. 1. 2. Open a Windows console window by selecting Start > Run from the Windows Start menu and typing cmd. Type the following command:
C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1
3.
If the connection is successful, the system will return four replies as follows:
Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply Reply Reply Reply from from from from 1.1.1.1: 1.1.1.1: 1.1.1.1: 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 bytes=32 bytes=32 bytes=32 time<10ms time<10ms time<10ms time<10ms TTL=255 TTL=255 TTL=255 TTL=255
Ping statistics for 1.1.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip time in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms
4.
Note that the values for time and TTL will vary depending on local network configuration.
If the following sequence of messages appears when entering the C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1 command:
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1 GETTING STARTED
Ping statistics for 1.1.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), Approximate round trip time in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Verify the physical connection between the D60 and the laptop computer, and double-check the programmed IP address in COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK IP ADDRESS setting, then repeat step 2 in the above procedure. the PRODUCT SETUP If the following sequence of messages appears when entering the C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1 command:
Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Hardware Hardware Hardware Hardware error. error. error. error.
Ping statistics for 1.1.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), Approximate round trip time in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Verify the physical connection between the D60 and the laptop computer, and double-check the programmed IP address in COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK IP ADDRESS setting, then repeat step 2 in the above procedure. the PRODUCT SETUP If the following sequence of messages appears when entering the C:\WINNT>ping 1.1.1.1 command:
Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Destination Destination Destination Destination host host host host unreachable. unreachable. unreachable. unreachable.
Ping statistics for 1.1.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), Approximate round trip time in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0 ms Pinging 1.1.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Verify the IP address is programmed in the local PC by entering the ipconfig command in the command window.
C:\WINNT>ipconfig Windows 2000 IP Configuration Ethernet adapter <F4FE223E-5EB6-4BFB-9E34-1BD7BE7F59FF>: Connection-specific IP Address. . . . . Subnet Mask . . . . Default Gateway . . Connection-specific IP Address. . . . . Subnet Mask . . . . Default Gateway . . C:\WINNT> DNS . . . . . . DNS . . . . . . suffix. . . . . . . . . . . . . suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : : 0.0.0.0 : 0.0.0.0 : : : 1.1.1.2 : 255.0.0.0 :
It may be necessary to restart the laptop for the change in IP address to take effect (Windows 98 or NT).
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1 GETTING STARTED
Before using the Quick Connect feature through the Ethernet port, it is necessary to disable any configured proxy settings in Internet Explorer. 1. 2. 3. Start the Internet Explorer software. Select the Tools > Internet Options menu item and click on Connections tab. Click on the LAN Settings button to open the following window.
4.
Ensure that the Use a proxy server for your LAN box is not checked.
If this computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the laptop has been disconnected from the D60 relay. 1. 2. 3. 4. Verify that the latest version of the EnerVista UR Setup software is installed (available from the GE enerVista CD or online from http://www.GEmultilin.com). See the Software Installation section for installation details. Start the Internet Explorer software. Select the UR device from the EnerVista Launchpad to start EnerVista UR Setup. Click the Quick Connect button to open the Quick Connect dialog box.
5. 6.
Select the Ethernet interface and enter the IP address assigned to the D60, then click Connect. The EnerVista UR Setup software will create a site named Quick Connect with a corresponding device also named Quick Connect and display them on the upper-left corner of the screen. Expand the sections to view data directly from the D60 device.
Each time the EnerVista UR Setup software is initialized, click the Quick Connect button to establish direct communications to the D60. This ensures that configuration of the EnerVista UR Setup software matches the D60 model number. When direct communications with the D60 via Ethernet is complete, make the following changes: 1. 2. 3. From the Windows desktop, right-click the My Network Places icon and select Properties to open the network connections window. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon and select the Properties item. Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item from the list provided and click the Properties button.
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1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE 4. Set the computer to Obtain a relay address automatically as shown below.
1 GETTING STARTED
If this computer is used to connect to the Internet, re-enable any proxy server settings after the laptop has been disconnected from the D60 relay. AUTOMATIC DISCOVERY OF ETHERNET DEVICES The EnerVista UR Setup software can automatically discover and communicate to all UR-series IEDs located on an Ethernet network. Using the Quick Connect feature, a single click of the mouse will trigger the software to automatically detect any UR-series relays located on the network. The EnerVista UR Setup software will then proceed to configure all settings and order code options in the Device Setup menu, for the purpose of communicating to multiple relays. This feature allows the user to identify and interrogate, in seconds, all UR-series devices in a particular location.
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1 GETTING STARTED
1.
Open the Display Properties window through the Site List tree as shown below:
842743A3.CDR
2. 3.
The Display Properties window will open with a status indicator on the lower left of the EnerVista UR Setup window. If the status indicator is red, verify that the Ethernet network cable is properly connected to the Ethernet port on the back of the relay and that the relay has been properly setup for communications (steps A and B earlier). If a relay icon appears in place of the status indicator, than a report (such as an oscillography or event record) is open. Close the report to re-display the green status indicator.
4.
The Display Properties settings can now be edited, printed, or changed according to user specifications. Refer to chapter 4 in this manual and the EnerVista UR Setup Help File for more information about the using the EnerVista UR Setup software interface.
NOTE
QUICK ACTION HOT LINKS The EnerVista UR Setup software has several new quick action buttons that provide users with instant access to several functions that are often performed when using D60 relays. From the online window, users can select which relay to interrogate from a pull-down window, then click on the button for the action they wish to perform. The following quick action functions are available: View the D60 event record. View the last recorded oscillography record. View the status of all D60 inputs and outputs. View all of the D60 metering values. View the D60 protection summary.
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Please refer to Chapter 3: Hardware for detailed mounting and wiring instructions. Review all WARNINGS and CAUTIONS carefully. 1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS The EnerVista UR Setup software communicates to the relay via the faceplate RS232 port or the rear panel RS485 / Ethernet ports. To communicate via the faceplate RS232 port, a standard straight-through serial cable is used. The DB-9 male end is connected to the relay and the DB-9 or DB-25 female end is connected to the PC COM1 or COM2 port as described in the CPU communications ports section of chapter 3.
Figure 17: RELAY COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS To communicate through the D60 rear RS485 port from a PC RS232 port, the GE Multilin RS232/RS485 converter box is required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a straight-through serial cable. A shielded twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the D60 rear communications port. The converter terminals (+, , GND) are connected to the D60 communication module (+, , COM) terminals. Refer to the CPU communications ports section in chapter 3 for option details. The line should be terminated with an R-C network (that is, 120 , 1 nF) as described in the chapter 3. 1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY All messages are displayed on a 2 20 backlit liquid crystal display (LCD) to make them visible under poor lighting conditions. Messages are descriptive and should not require the aid of an instruction manual for deciphering. While the keypad and display are not actively being used, the display will default to user-defined messages. Any high priority event driven message will automatically override the default message and appear on the display.
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Display messages are organized into pages under the following headings: actual values, settings, commands, and targets. The MENU key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is broken down further into logical subgroups. The MESSAGE keys navigate through the subgroups. The VALUE keys scroll increment or decrement numerical setting values when in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit mode. Alternatively, values may also be entered with the numeric keypad. The decimal key initiates and advance to the next character in text edit mode or enters a decimal point. The HELP key may be pressed at any time for context sensitive help messages. The ENTER key stores altered setting values. 1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION Press the MENU key to select the desired header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily followed by a header display page menu item. Each press of the MENU key advances through the following main heading pages: Actual values. Settings. Commands. Targets. User displays (when enabled). 1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double scroll bar characters ( ), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters ( ). The header display pages represent the highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE UP and DOWN keys move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the MESSAGE RIGHT key from a header display displays specific information for the header category. Conversely, continually pressing the MESSAGE LEFT key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.
HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)
PASSWORD SECURITY
SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP 1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION The relay is defaulted to the Not Programmed state when it leaves the factory. This safeguards against the installation of a relay whose settings have not been entered. When powered up successfully, the Trouble LED will be on and the In Service LED off. The relay in the Not Programmed state will block signaling of any output relay. These conditions will remain until the relay is explicitly put in the Programmed state. Select the menu message SETTINGS RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed
PRODUCT SETUP INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS
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1 GETTING STARTED
To put the relay in the Programmed state, press either of the VALUE keys once and then press ENTER. The faceplate Trouble LED will turn off and the In Service LED will turn on. The settings for the relay can be programmed manually (refer to Chapter 5) via the faceplate keypad or remotely (refer to the EnerVista UR Setup help file) via the EnerVista UR Setup software interface. 1.5.5 RELAY PASSWORDS It is recommended that passwords be set up for each security level and assigned to specific personnel. There are two user password security access levels, COMMAND and SETTING: 1. COMMAND The COMMAND access level restricts the user from making any settings changes, but allows the user to perform the following operations: operate breakers via faceplate keypad change state of virtual inputs clear event records clear oscillography records operate user-programmable pushbuttons
2. SETTING The SETTING access level allows the user to make any changes to any of the setting values. Refer to the Changing Settings section in Chapter 4 for complete instructions on setting up security level passwords.
NOTE
1.5.6 FLEXLOGIC CUSTOMIZATION FlexLogic equation editing is required for setting up user-defined logic for customizing the relay operations. See the FlexLogic section in Chapter 5 for additional details.
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1 GETTING STARTED
The D60 requires a minimum amount of maintenance when it is commissioned into service. Since the D60 is a microprocessor-based relay, its characteristics do not change over time. As such, no further functional tests are required. Furthermore, the D60 performs a number of continual self-tests and takes the necessary action in case of any major errors (see the Relay Self-tests section in chapter 7 for details). However, it is recommended that D60 maintenance be scheduled with other system maintenance. This maintenance may involve the in-service, out-of-service, or unscheduled maintenance. In-service maintenance: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Visual verification of the analog values integrity such as voltage and current (in comparison to other devices on the corresponding system). Visual verification of active alarms, relay display messages, and LED indications. LED test. Visual inspection for any damage, corrosion, dust, or loose wires. Event recorder file download with further events analysis.
Out-of-service maintenance: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Check wiring connections for firmness. Analog values (currents, voltages, RTDs, analog inputs) injection test and metering accuracy verification. Calibrated test equipment is required. Protection elements setting verification (analog values injection or visual verification of setting file entries against relay settings schedule). Contact inputs and outputs verification. This test can be conducted by direct change of state forcing or as part of the system functional testing. Visual inspection for any damage, corrosion, or dust. Event recorder file download with further events analysis. LED Test and pushbutton continuity check.
Unscheduled maintenance such as during a disturbance causing system interruption: 1. View the event recorder and oscillography or fault report for correct operation of inputs, outputs, and elements.
If it is concluded that the relay or one of its modules is of concern, contact GE Multilin for prompt service.
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1 GETTING STARTED
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The D60 Line Distance Protection System is a microprocessor-based relay intended for use on transmission lines of any voltage level, without, with, and in the vicinity of series compensation, in three-pole and single-pole tripping applications. The primary function of the relay consists of five phase and ground distance zones of protection, either mho or quadrilateral as per user selection, with built-in logic for the five common pilot-aided schemes. The distance elements are optimized to provide good measurement accuracy with a fast operating time, even when used with capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs), and can be supervised by detection of power swings. The relay also provides directional ground overcurrent elements, which are commonly used as part of an overall line protection system. D60 phase distance zones can be configured to work with voltages and currents fed from VTs and CTs located independently from one another on either side of a three-phase power transformer. The relay compensates accordingly to preserve reach and correct target information regardless of the location and type of fault. This feature allows backup protection applications for generators and power transformers. A close-into-fault (or switch-on-to-fault) function is performed by the line pickup element. Out-of-step tripping, three-pole/ single-pole dual-breaker autoreclosing, synchrocheck, fault location, and many other functions are also available. In addition, overcurrent and undervoltage protection, fault diagnostics, power metering, and RTU functions are provided. The D60 provides phase, neutral, and ground time overcurrent protection. The time overcurrent functions can be programmed with multiple curve shapes or FlexCurve for optimum coordination. Voltage, current, and power metering is built into the relay as a standard feature. Current parameters are available as total waveform RMS magnitude, or as fundamental frequency only RMS magnitude and angle (phasor). Diagnostic features include an event recorder capable of storing 1024 time-tagged events, oscillography capable of storing up to 64 records with programmable trigger, content and sampling rate, and data logger acquisition of up to 16 channels, with programmable content and sampling rate. The internal clock used for time-tagging can be synchronized with an IRIGB signal or via the SNTP protocol over the Ethernet port. This precise time stamping allows the sequence of events to be determined throughout the system. Events can also be programmed (via FlexLogic equations) to trigger oscillography data capture which may be set to record the measured parameters before and after the event for viewing on a personal computer (PC). These tools significantly reduce troubleshooting time and simplify report generation in the event of a system fault. A faceplate RS232 port may be used to connect to a PC for the programming of settings and the monitoring of actual values. A variety of communications modules are available. Two rear RS485 ports allow independent access by operating and engineering staff. All serial ports use the Modbus RTU protocol. The RS485 ports may be connected to system computers with baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. The RS232 port has a fixed baud rate of 19.2 kbps. Optional communications modules include a 10Base-F Ethernet interface which can be used to provide fast, reliable communications in noisy environments. Another option provides two 10Base-F fiber optic ports for redundancy. The Ethernet port supports IEC 61850, Modbus/ TCP, and TFTP protocols, and allows access to the relay via any standard web browser (D60 web pages). The IEC 608705-104 protocol is supported on the Ethernet port. DNP 3.0 and IEC 60870-5-104 cannot be enabled at the same time. The D60 IEDs use flash memory technology which allows field upgrading as new features are added. The following single line diagram illustrates the relay functionality using ANSI (American National Standards Institute) device numbers.
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2.1 INTRODUCTION
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
52
52
Close Monitoring
Trip
59X 79
27X
25 (2)
50DD
50P (2)
50_2 (2)
51P (2)
21P (4)
67P (2)
67_2 (2)
68
78
50N (2)
51N (2)
32N (2)
21G (4)
FlexElementTM
Metering
Transducer inputs
50G (2)
51G (2)
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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.1.2 ORDERING a) OVERVIEW The D60 is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount or reduced-size () vertical unit and consists of the following modules: power supply, CPU, CT/VT, digital input and output, transducer input and output, and inter-relay communications. Each of these modules can be supplied in a number of configurations specified at the time of ordering. The information required to completely specify the relay is provided in the following tables (see chapter 3 for full details of relay modules). Order codes are subject to change without notice. Refer to the GE Multilin ordering page at http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/order.htm for the latest details concerning D60 ordering options.
NOTE
The order code structure is dependent on the mounting option (horizontal or vertical) and the type of CT/VT modules (regular CT/VT modules or the HardFiber modules). The order code options are described in the following sub-sections. b) ORDER CODES WITH TRADITIONAL CTS AND VTS The order codes for the horizontal mount units with traditional CTs and VTs are shown below.
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2.1 INTRODUCTION
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
POWER SUPPLY (redundant supply must be same type as main supply) CT/VT MODULES
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS (select a maximum of 3 per unit) INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS (select a maximum of 1 per unit)
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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The order codes for the reduced size vertical mount units with traditional CTs and VTs are shown below. Table 24: D60 ORDER CODES FOR REDUCED SIZE VERTICAL UNITS
BASE UNIT CPU D60 D60 * | E G H J K L M N P R ** | | | | | | | | | | | 00 02 03 05 06 07 08 09 - * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | V B * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C D R A K M Q U L N T V * - F | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | H L ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8F 8G 8L 8M - H ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 5A 5C 5D 5E 5F - M ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8F 8G 8L 8M | 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 5A 5C 5D 5E 5F P/R ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 5A 5C 5D 5E 5F 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W Reduced Size Vertical Mount (see note regarding P/R slot below) Base Unit RS485 and RS485 RS485 and multi-mode ST 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and 10/100Base-T RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX No software options Breaker-and-a-half software IEC 61850 communications Breaker-and-a-half software and IEC 61850 communications Phasor measurement unit (PMU) IEC 61850 communications and phasor measurement unit (PMU) Breaker-and-a-Half and phasor measurement unit (PMU) Breaker-and-a-Half, IEC 61850 communications, and phasor measurement unit (PMU) Vertical (3/4 rack) Vertical (3/4 rack) with harsh environmental coating English display French display Russian display Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display Enhanced front panel with French display Enhanced front panel with Russian display Enhanced front panel with Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply Standard 4CT/4VT Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics No Module 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 8 Form-C outputs 16 digital inputs 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 8 Fast Form-C outputs 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs 4 dcmA inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) 8 RTD inputs 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA inputs 8 dcmA inputs C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode Bi-phase, single channel Bi-phase, dual channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode LASER IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS (select a maximum of 3 per unit) INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS (select a maximum of 1 per unit) For the last module, slot P is used for digital and transducer input/output modules; slot R is used for inter-relay communications modules.
GE Multilin
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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The order codes for the horizontal mount units with the process bus module are shown below. Table 25: D60 ORDER CODES FOR HORIZONTAL UNITS WITH PROCESS BUS
BASE UNIT CPU D60 D60 * | E G H J K L M N P R ** | | | | | | | | | | | 00 03 06 07 - * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | H A * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C D R A P G S B K M Q U L N T V * - F | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | H H L L ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX - H ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81 - M ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX - P ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V - U ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H | | 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W W/X ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | RH | RL | XX | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H 2S 2T 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W Full Size Horizontal Mount Base Unit RS485 and RS485 RS485 and multi-mode ST 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and 10/100Base-T RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX No software options IEC 61850 communications Phasor measurement unit (PMU) IEC 61850 communications and phasor measurement unit (PMU) Horizontal (19 rack) Horizontal (19 rack) with harsh environmental coating English display French display Russian display Chinese display English display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons French display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons Russian display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons Chinese display with 4 small and 12 large programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with English display Enhanced front panel with French display Enhanced front panel with Russian display Enhanced front panel with Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply 125 / 250 V AC/DC with redundant 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply 24 to 48 V (DC only) with redundant 24 to 48 V DC power supply Eight-port digital process bus module No Module 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 8 Form-C outputs 16 digital inputs 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 8 Fast Form-C outputs 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode Bi-phase, single channel Bi-phase, dual channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels Six-port managed Ethernet switch with high voltage power supply (110 to 250 V DC / 100 to 240 V AC) Six-port managed Ethernet switch with low voltage power supply (48 V DC) 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode LASER IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels
2
SOFTWARE (IEC 61850 options not available with type E CPUs) MOUNT/COATING FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY
POWER SUPPLY (redundant supply must be same type as main supply) PROCESS BUS MODULE DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
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GE Multilin
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The order codes for the reduced size vertical mount units with the process bus module are shown below. Table 26: D60 ORDER CODES FOR REDUCED SIZE VERTICAL UNITS WITH PROCESS BUS
BASE UNIT CPU D60 D60 * | E G H J K L M N P R ** | | | | | | | | | | | 00 03 06 07 - * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | V B * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C D R A K M Q U L N T V * - F | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | H L ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX - H ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81 - M ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX P/R ** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | XX 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W Reduced Size Vertical Mount (see note regarding P/R slot below) Base Unit RS485 and RS485 RS485 and multi-mode ST 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 10Base-F RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX RS485 and 10/100Base-T RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX No software options IEC 61850 communications Phasor measurement unit (PMU) IEC 61850 communications and phasor measurement unit (PMU) Vertical (3/4 rack) Vertical (3/4 rack) with harsh environmental coating English display French display Russian display Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display Enhanced front panel with French display Enhanced front panel with Russian display Enhanced front panel with Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons 125 / 250 V AC/DC power supply 24 to 48 V (DC only) power supply Eight-port digital process bus module No Module 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 8 Form-C outputs 16 digital inputs 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 8 Fast Form-C outputs 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode Bi-phase, single channel Bi-phase, dual channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode LASER IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels
SOFTWARE (IEC 61850 options not available with type E CPUs) MOUNT/COATING FACEPLATE/ DISPLAY
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS (select a maximum of 1 per unit) For the last module, slot P is used for digital input/output modules; slot R is used for inter-relay communications modules.
2.1.3 REPLACEMENT MODULES Replacement modules can be ordered separately as shown below. When ordering a replacement CPU module or faceplate, please provide the serial number of your existing unit. Not all replacement modules may be applicable to the D60 relay. Only the modules specified in the order codes are available as replacement modules.
NOTE
Replacement module codes are subject to change without notice. Refer to the GE Multilin ordering page at http:// www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/order.htm for the latest details concerning D60 ordering options.
NOTE
GE Multilin
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2.1 INTRODUCTION The replacement module order codes for the horizontal mount units are shown below. Table 27: ORDER CODES FOR REPLACEMENT MODULES, HORIZONTAL UNITS
POWER SUPPLY (redundant supply only available in horizontal units; must be same type as main supply) CPU UR | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ** 1H 1L RH RH 9E 9G 9H 9J 9K 9L 9M 9N 9P 9R 9S 3C 3D 3R 3A 3P 3G 3S 3B 3K 3M 3Q 3U 3L 3N 3T 3V 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 8F 8G 8H 8J 8L 8M 8N 8R 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H 2S 2T 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W 5A 5C 5D 5E 5F * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2
FACEPLATE/DISPLAY
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS
125 / 250 V AC/DC 24 to 48 V (DC only) redundant 125 / 250 V AC/DC redundant 24 to 48 V (DC only) RS485 and RS485 (Modbus RTU, DNP 3.0) RS485 and 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and Redundant 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and 10/100Base-T (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and six-port managed Ethernet switch Horizontal faceplate with keypad and English display Horizontal faceplate with keypad and French display Horizontal faceplate with keypad and Russian display Horizontal faceplate with keypad and Chinese display Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and English display Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and French display Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and Russian display Horizontal faceplate with keypad, user-programmable pushbuttons, and Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display Enhanced front panel with French display Enhanced front panel with Russian display Enhanced front panel with Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 8 Form-C outputs 16 digital inputs 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 8 Fast Form-C outputs 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs Standard 4CT/4VT Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT Standard 8CT Sensitive Ground 8CT Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Standard 8CT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive Ground 8CT with enhanced diagnostics C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode Bi-phase, single channel Bi-phase, dual channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels Six-port managed Ethernet switch with high voltage power supply (110 to 250 V DC / 100 to 240 V AC) Six-port managed Ethernet switch with low voltage power supply (48 V DC) 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode LASER IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels 4 dcmA inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) 8 RTD inputs 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 dcmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs 8 dcmA inputs
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GE Multilin
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The replacement module order codes for the reduced-size vertical mount units are shown below. Table 28: ORDER CODES FOR REPLACEMENT MODULES, VERTICAL UNITS
POWER SUPPLY CPU UR | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ** 1H 1L 9E 9G 9H 9J 9K 9L 9M 9N 9P 9R 3F 3D 3R 3K 3K 3M 3Q 3U 3L 3N 3T 3V 4A 4B 4C 4D 4L 67 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G 6H 6K 6L 6M 6N 6P 6R 6S 6T 6U 6V 8F 8G 8H 8J 8L 8M 8N 8R 2A 2B 2E 2F 2G 2H 72 73 74 75 76 77 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 7G 7H 7I 7J 7K 7L 7M 7N 7P 7Q 7R 7S 7T 7W 5A 5C 5D 5E 5F * | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 125 / 250 V AC/DC 24 to 48 V (DC only) RS485 and RS485 (Modbus RTU, DNP 3.0) RS485 and 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and Redundant 10Base-F (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and multi-mode ST 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and multi-mode ST redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode SC 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode SC redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and 10/100Base-T (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode ST 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) RS485 and single mode ST redundant 100Base-FX (Ethernet, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) Vertical faceplate with keypad and English display Vertical faceplate with keypad and French display Vertical faceplate with keypad and Russian display Vertical faceplate with keypad and Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display Enhanced front panel with French display Enhanced front panel with Russian display Enhanced front panel with Chinese display Enhanced front panel with English display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with French display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Russian display and user-programmable pushbuttons Enhanced front panel with Chinese display and user-programmable pushbuttons 4 Solid-State (no monitoring) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (voltage with optional current) MOSFET outputs 4 Solid-State (current with optional voltage) MOSFET outputs 16 digital inputs with Auto-Burnishing 14 Form-A (no monitoring) Latching outputs 8 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (voltage with optional current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 8 Form-C outputs 16 digital inputs 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 8 Fast Form-C outputs 4 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (voltage with optional current) outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (current with optional voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (current with optional voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs 2 Form-A outputs, 1 Form-C output, 2 Form-A (no monitoring) latching outputs, 8 digital inputs Standard 4CT/4VT Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT Standard 8CT Sensitive Ground 8CT Standard 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT with enhanced diagnostics Standard 8CT with enhanced diagnostics Sensitive Ground 8CT with enhanced diagnostics C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 1 channel single-mode C37.94SM, 1300nm single-mode, ELED, 2 channel single-mode Bi-phase, single channel Bi-phase, dual channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 128 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, Single-mode LASER IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 1 Channel IEEE C37.94, 820 nm, 64 kbps, multimode, LED, 2 Channels 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode ELED 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels 4 dcmA inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5A module is allowed) 8 RTD inputs 4 RTD inputs, 4 dcmA outputs (only one 5D module is allowed) 4 dcmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs 8 dcmA inputs
2.1 INTRODUCTION
FACEPLATE/DISPLAY
DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS
TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS
GE Multilin
2-9
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2.2SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 2.2.1 PROTECTION ELEMENTS The operating times below include the activation time of a trip rated form-A output contact unless otherwise indicated. FlexLogic operands of a given element are 4 ms faster. This should be taken into account when using FlexLogic to interconnect with other protection or control elements of the relay, building FlexLogic equations, or interfacing with other IEDs or power system devices via communications or different output contacts. PHASE DISTANCE OPERATING TIME CURVES
mho (memory polarized or offset) or quad (memory polarized or non-directional), selectable individually per zone 5 forward, reverse, or non-directional per zone 0.02 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 5% including the effect of CVT transients up to an SIR of 30
Operating Time [ms] 30
NOTE
PHASE DISTANCE
Characteristic:
Number of zones: Directionality: Reach (secondary ): Reach accuracy: Distance: Characteristic angle: Directional supervision: Characteristic angle: Limit angle: Reach: Characteristic angle: Left Blinder (Quad only): Reach: Characteristic angle: Time delay: Timing accuracy: Current supervision: Level: Pickup: Dropout: Memory duration: VT location: CT location:
The operating times are response times of a microprocessor part of the relay. See output contacts specifications for estimation of the total response time for a particular application. The operating times are average times including variables such as fault inception angle or type of a voltage source (magnetic VTs and CVTs).
Phase Element (21P)
SIR = 0.1 SIR = 1 SIR = 10 SIR = 20 SIR = 30
25
30 to 90 in steps of 1
20
Comparator limit angle: 30 to 90 in steps of 1 30 to 90 in steps of 1 30 to 90 in steps of 1 0.02 to 500 in steps of 0.01 60 to 90 in steps of 1 0.02 to 500 in steps of 0.01 60 to 90 in steps of 1 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater line-to-line current 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 97 to 98% 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1 all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers all delta-wye and wye-delta transformers
15
10
0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Fault Location [%]
837717A1.CDR
2-10
GE Multilin
Reactance polarization: negative-sequence or zero-sequence current Non-homogeneity angle: 40 to 40 in steps of 1 Number of zones: Directionality: Reach (secondary ): Reach accuracy: 5 forward, reverse, or non-directional per zone 0.02 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 5% including the effect of CVT transients up to an SIR of 30
Distance characteristic angle: 30 to 90 in steps of 1 Distance comparator limit angle: 30 to 90 in steps of 1 Directional supervision: Characteristic angle: Limit angle: Z0/Z1 magnitude: Z0/Z1 angle: Z0M/Z1 magnitude: Z0M/Z1 angle: Reach: Characteristic angle: Left blinder (Quad only): Reach: Characteristic angle: Time delay: Timing accuracy: Current supervision: Level: Pickup: Dropout: Memory duration: neutral current (3I_0) 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 97 to 98% 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1 0.02 to 500 in steps of 0.01 60 to 90 in steps of 1 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater 30 to 90 in steps of 1 30 to 90 in steps of 1 0.00 to 10.00 in steps of 0.01 90 to 90 in steps of 1
Zero-sequence compensation
Zero-sequence mutual compensation 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01 90 to 90 in steps of 1 0.02 to 500 in steps of 0.01 60 to 90 in steps of 1
LINE PICKUP
Phase instantaneous overcurrent: 0.000 to 30.000 pu Undervoltage pickup: Overvoltage delay: Current: Pickup level: Dropout level: Level accuracy: for 0.1 to 2.0 CT: for > 2.0 CT: Curve shapes: 0.5% of reading or 0.4% of rated (whichever is greater) 1.5% of reading > 2.0 CT rating IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short Inverse; GE IAC Inverse, Short/Very/ Extremely Inverse; I2t; FlexCurves (programmable); Definite Time (0.01 s base curve) Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 Instantaneous/Timed (per IEEE) Operate at > 1.03 actual pickup 3.5% of operate time or cycle (whichever is greater) 0.000 to 3.000 pu 0.000 to 65.535 s Phasor or RMS 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 97% to 98% of pickup
PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND TOC
GE Multilin
2-11
Polarizing voltage threshold: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Current sensitivity threshold: 0.05 pu Characteristic angle: Angle accuracy: 0 to 359 in steps of 1 2
Timing accuracy:
Operation time (FlexLogic operands): Tripping (reverse load, forward fault):< 12 ms, typically Blocking (forward load, reverse fault):< 8 ms, typically
Curve shapes:
Curve multiplier (Time dial): 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 Reset type: Timing accuracy:
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GE Multilin
AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE
PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE
AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE
Pickup level: Dropout level: Level accuracy: Curve shapes: Curve multiplier: Timing accuracy:
BREAKER FAILURE
Mode: Current supervision: Current supv. pickup: Current supv. dropout: Current supv. accuracy: 0.1 to 2.0 CT rating: 0.75% of reading or 2% of rated (whichever is greater) above 2 CT rating: Principle: Initiation: 2.5% of reading accumulates breaker duty (I2t) and measures fault duration programmable per phase from any FlexLogic operand 0 to 50000 kA2-cycle in steps of 1 1 per CT bank with a minimum of 2
PHASE OVERVOLTAGE
Voltage: Pickup level: Dropout level: Level accuracy: Pickup delay: Operate time: Timing accuracy: Elements: Stages: Pickup threshold: Pickup level accuracy: Hysteresis: Pickup delay: Time accuracy: Operate time:
COMPENSATED OVERVOLTAGE
Alarm threshold: Availability:
Compensation for auxiliary relays: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Fault duration accuracy: 0.25 of a power cycle
GE Multilin
2-13
Fwd / reverse reach (sec. ): 0.10 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 Left and right blinders (sec. ): 0.10 to 500.00 in steps of 0.01 Impedance accuracy: Angle accuracy: Timers: Timing accuracy: Responds to: Minimum voltage: Reach (sec. ): Impedance accuracy: Angle: Angle accuracy: Pickup delay: Reset delay: Time accuracy: Operate time: Functionality: 5% 2 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater Positive-sequence quantities 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 0.02 to 250.00 in steps of 0.01 5% 5 to 50 in steps of 1 2 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater < 30 ms at 60 Hz Detects an open pole condition, monitoring breaker auxiliary contacts, the current in each phase and optional voltages on the line 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Fwd / reverse angle impedances: 40 to 90 in steps of 1
SYNCHROCHECK
Max voltage difference: 0 to 400000 V in steps of 1 Max angle difference: Max freq. difference: Dead source function: 0 to 100 in steps of 1 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01 None, LV1 & DV2, DV1 & LV2, DV1 or DV2, DV1 xor DV2, DV1 & DV2 (L = Live, D = Dead)
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
AUTORECLOSURE
Two breakers applications Single- and three-pole tripping schemes Up to 4 reclose attempts before lockout Selectable reclosing mode and breaker sequence
PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES
Direct Underreaching Transfer Trip (DUTT) Permissive Underreaching Transfer Trip (PUTT) Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT) Hybrid POTT Scheme Directional Comparison Blocking Scheme Directional Comparison Unblocking Scheme (DCUB)
TRIP OUTPUT
Collects trip and reclose input requests and issues outputs to control tripping and reclosing. Communications timer delay: 0 to 65535 s in steps of 0.001 Evolving fault timer: Timing accuracy: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater Current pickup level:
Line capacitive reactances (XC1, XC0): 300.0 to 9999.9 sec. in steps of 0.1 Remote current pickup level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Current dropout level: Number of elements: Number of inputs: Operate time: Time accuracy: pickup + 3%, not less than 0.05 pu 6 16 <2 ms at 60 Hz 3% or 10 ms, whichever is greater
2-14
GE Multilin
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
FLEXLOGIC
Programming language: Reverse Polish Notation with graphical visualization (keypad programmable) Lines of code: Internal variables: Supported operations: 512 64 NOT, XOR, OR (2 to 16 inputs), AND (2 to 16 inputs), NOR (2 to 16 inputs), NAND (2 to 16 inputs), latch (reset-dominant), edge detectors, timers any logical variable, contact, or virtual input 32 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 4 (A through D) 40 (0 through 1 of pickup) 80 (1 through 20 of pickup) 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1 up to 256 logical variables grouped under 16 Modbus addresses any logical variable, contact, or virtual input 8 any analog actual value, or two values in differential mode level, delta over, under 90.000 to 90.000 pu in steps of 0.001 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1 20 ms to 60 days
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs
Number: Programmability: Reset mode: 48 plus trip and alarm from any logical variable, contact, or virtual input self-reset or latched
LED TEST
Initiation: Number of tests: Duration of full test: Test sequence 1: Test sequence 2: Test sequence 3: Number of displays: Lines of display: Parameters: Invoking and scrolling: from any digital input or user-programmable condition 3, interruptible at any time approximately 3 minutes all LEDs on all LEDs off, one LED at a time on for 1 s all LEDs on, one LED at a time off for 1 s 16 2 20 alphanumeric characters up to 5, any Modbus register addresses keypad, or any user-programmable condition, including pushbuttons
FLEXCURVES
Number: Reset points: Operate points: Time delay:
USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
FLEX STATES
Number: Programmability:
CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS
Number of pushbuttons: 7 Operation: drive FlexLogic operands
FLEXELEMENTS
Number of elements: Operating signal:
Operating signal mode: signed or absolute value Operating mode: Comparator direction: Pickup Level: Hysteresis: Delta dt:
SELECTOR SWITCH
Number of elements: Upper position limit: Selecting mode: Time-out timer: Control inputs: Power-up mode:
NON-VOLATILE LATCHES
Type: Number: Output: Execution sequence: set-dominant or reset-dominant 16 (individually programmed) stored in non-volatile memory as input prior to protection, control, and FlexLogic
DIGITAL ELEMENTS
Number of elements: Operating signal: Pickup delay: Dropout delay: Timing accuracy:
GE Multilin
2-15
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
OSCILLOGRAPHY
Maximum records: Sampling rate: Triggers: 64 64 samples per power cycle any element pickup, dropout, or operate; digital input change of state; digital output change of state; FlexLogic equation AC input channels; element state; digital input state; digital output state in non-volatile memory 1024 events to 1 microsecond any element pickup, dropout, or operate; digital input change of state; digital output change of state; self-test events in non-volatile memory 1 to 16 any available analog actual value 15 to 3600000 ms in steps of 1 any FlexLogic operand continuous or triggered (NN is dependent on memory) 1-second rate: 01 channel for NN days 16 channels for NN days 60-minute rate: 01 channel for NN days 16 channels for NN days
FAULT LOCATOR
Method: Voltage source: single-ended wye-connected VTs, delta-connected VTs and neutral voltage, delta-connected VTs and zero-sequence current (approximation) fault resistance is zero or fault currents from all line terminals are in phase 1.5% (V > 10 V, I > 0.1 pu) user data user data user data see chapter 8
2
Data: Data storage:
Maximum accuracy if: Relay accuracy: Worst-case accuracy: VT%error + CT%error + ZLine%error + METHOD%error +
EVENT RECORDER
Capacity: Time-tag: Triggers:
Data storage:
DATA LOGGER
Number of channels: Parameters: Sampling rate: Trigger: Mode: Storage capacity:
Network reporting format: 16-bit integer or 32-bit IEEE floating point numbers Network reporting style: rectangular (real and imaginary) or polar (magnitude and angle) coordinates Post-filtering: Calibration: none, 3-point, 5-point, 7-point 5
RMS VOLTAGE
Accuracy: Accuracy:
FREQUENCY
Accuracy at V = 0.8 to 1.2 pu: 0.001 Hz (when voltage signal is used for frequency measurement) 0.05 Hz 0.001 Hz (when current signal is used for frequency measurement)
2-16
GE Multilin
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
AC CURRENT
CT rated primary: CT rated secondary: Nominal frequency: Relay burden: 1 to 50000 A 1 A or 5 A by connection 20 to 65 Hz < 0.2 VA at rated secondary
DCMA INPUTS
Current input (mA DC): Input impedance: Conversion range: Accuracy: Type: 0 to 1, 0 to +1, 1 to +1, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, 0 to 20, 4 to 20 (programmable) 379 10% 1 to + 20 mA DC 0.2% of full scale Passive 100 Platinum, 100 & 120 Nickel, 10 Copper 5 mA 50 to +250C 2C 36 V pk-pk 1 to 10 V pk-pk TTL 22 k 2 kV
Conversion range: Standard CT: 0.02 to 46 CT rating RMS symmetrical Sensitive Ground CT module: 0.002 to 4.6 CT rating RMS symmetrical Current withstand: 20 ms at 250 times rated 1 sec. at 100 times rated continuous at 3 times rated 150000 RMS symmetrical amperes, 250 V maximum (primary current to external CT) 50.0 to 240.0 V 1.00 to 24000.00 20 to 65 Hz < 0.25 VA at 120 V 1 to 275 V continuous at 260 V to neutral 1 min./hr at 420 V to neutral 1000 maximum 300 V DC maximum 17 V, 33 V, 84 V, 166 V 10% < 1 ms 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5
RTD INPUTS
Types (3-wire): Sensing current: Range: Accuracy: Isolation:
AC VOLTAGE
VT rated secondary: VT ratio: Nominal frequency: Relay burden: Conversion range: Voltage withstand:
IRIG-B INPUT
Amplitude modulation: DC shift: Input impedance: Isolation:
CONTACT INPUTS
Dry contacts: Wet contacts: Selectable thresholds: Tolerance: Recognition time: Debounce time:
DIRECT INPUTS
Number of input points: 32 No. of remote devices: Ring configuration: Data rate: CRC: 16 Yes, No 64 or 128 kbps 32-bit Default states on loss of comms.: On, Off, Latest/Off, Latest/On
CRC alarm: Responding to: Rate of messages failing the CRC Monitoring message count: 10 to 10000 in steps of 1 Alarm threshold: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1 Unreturned message alarm: Responding to: Rate of unreturned messages in the ring configuration Monitoring message count: 10 to 10000 in steps of 1 Alarm threshold: 1 to 1000 in steps of 1
Continuous current draw:3 mA (when energized) Auto-burnish impulse current: 50 to 70 mA Duration of auto-burnish impulse: 25 to 50 ms
TELEPROTECTION
Number of input points: 16 No. of remote devices: Ring configuration: Data rate: CRC: 3 No 64 or 128 kbps 32-bit Default states on loss of comms.: On, Off, Latest/Off, Latest/On
GE Multilin
2-17
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
LOW RANGE
Nominal DC voltage: Minimum DC voltage: Maximum DC voltage: Voltage loss hold-up: 24 to 48 V 20 V 60 V 20 ms duration at nominal
ALL RANGES
Volt withstand: Power consumption: 2 Highest Nominal Voltage for 10 ms typical = 15 to 20 W/VA maximum = 50 W/VA contact factory for exact order code consumption
HIGH RANGE
Nominal DC voltage: Minimum DC voltage: Maximum DC voltage: Nominal AC voltage: Minimum AC voltage: Maximum AC voltage: Voltage loss hold-up: 125 to 250 V 88 V 300 V 100 to 240 V at 50/60 Hz 88 V at 25 to 100 Hz 265 V at 25 to 100 Hz 200 ms duration at nominal
INTERRUPTING CAPACITY
AC: DC: 100 000 A RMS symmetrical 10 000 A
6A
CURRENT
1A 0.5 A 0.3 A 0.2 A
8A
CURRENT
1A 0.5 A 0.3 A 0.2 A
LATCHING RELAY
Make and carry for 0.2 s: 30 A as per ANSI C37.90 Carry continuous: Break at L/R of 40 ms: Operate time: Contact material: Control: Control mode: Applicable voltage: Trickle current: Threshold current: 6A 0.25 A DC max. < 4 ms silver alloy separate operate and reset inputs operate-dominant or reset-dominant approx. 15 to 250 V DC approx. 1 to 2.5 mA approx. 80 to 100 mA
Note: values for 24 V and 48 V are the same due to a required 95% voltage drop across the load impedance.
Operate time:
< 0.6 ms
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GE Multilin
265 V DC
DCMA OUTPUTS
Range: Max. load resistance:
Accuracy:
Operations/ interval
5000 ops / 1 s-On, 9 s-Off 1000 ops / 0.5 s-On, 0.5 s-Off
Driving signal:
Upper and lower limit for the driving signal: 90 to 90 pu in steps of 0.001
IRIG-B OUTPUT
Amplitude: Maximum load: Time delay: Isolation: 10 V peak-peak RS485 level 100 ohms 1 ms for AM input 40 s for DC-shift input 2 kV
ETHERNET (FIBER)
PARAMETER 10MB MULTIMODE Wavelength Connector Transmit power Receiver sensitivity Power budget Maximum input power Typical distance Duplex Redundancy 820 nm ST 20 dBm 30 dBm 10 dB 7.6 dBm 1.65 km full/half yes FIBER TYPE 100MB MULTI- 100MB SINGLEMODE MODE 1310 nm ST 20 dBm 30 dBm 10 dB 14 dBm 2 km full/half yes 1310 nm SC 15 dBm 30 dBm 15 dB 7 dBm 15 km full/half yes
RS485
1 or 2 rear ports: Typical distance: Isolation:
GE Multilin
2-19
The maximum fiber segment length between two adjacent switches or between a switch and a device is calculated as follows. First, calculate the optical power budget (OPB) of each device using the manufacturers data sheets. OPB = P T ( MIN ) P R ( MIN ) where OPB = optical power budget, PT = transmitter output power, and PR = receiver sensitivity. The worst case optical power budget (OPBWORST) is then calculated by taking the lower of the two calculated power budgets, subtracting 1 dB for LED aging, and then subtracting the total insertion loss. The total insertion loss is calculated by multiplying the number of connectors in each single fiber path by 0.5 dB. For example, with a single fiber cable between the two devices, there will be a minimum of two connections in either transmit or receive fiber paths for a total insertion loss of 1db for either direction: Total insertion loss = number of connectors 0.5 dB = 2 0.5 dB = 1.0 dB The worst-case optical power budget between two type 2T or 2S modules using a single fiber cable is: OPB WORST = OPB 1 dB (LED aging) total insertion loss 10dB 1dB 1dB = 8dB To calculate the maximum fiber length, divide the worst-case optical power budget by the cable attenuation per unit distance specified in the manufacturer data sheets. For example, typical attenuation for 62.5/125 m glass fiber optic cable is approximately 2.8 dB per km. In our example, this would result in the following maximum fiber length: OPB WORST (in dB) Maximum fiber length = -----------------------------------------------------cable loss (in dB/km) 8 dB = -------------------------- = 2.8km 2.8 dB/km The customer must use the attenuation specified within the manufacturer data sheets for accurate calculation of the maximum fiber length.
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GE Multilin
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
NOTE
RS422 distance is based on transmitter power and does not take into consideration the clock source provided by the user.
NOTE
Typical distances listed are based on the following assumptions for system loss. As actual losses will vary from one installation to another, the distance covered by your system may vary.
2 dB 3 dB/km 1 dB/km 0.35 dB/km 0.25 dB/km One splice every 2 km, at 0.05 dB loss per splice.
NOTE
These power budgets are calculated from the manufacturers worst-case transmitter power and worst case receiver sensitivity. The power budgets for the 1300nm ELED are calculated from the manufacturer's transmitter power and receiver sensitivity at ambient temperature. At extreme temperatures these values will deviate based on component tolerance. On average, the output power will decrease as the temperature is increased by a factor 1dB / 5C.
FIBER LOSSES
820 nm multimode 1300 nm multimode 1300 nm singlemode 1550 nm singlemode Splice losses:
NOTE
SYSTEM MARGIN
3 dB additional loss added to calculations to compensate for all other losses. Compensated difference in transmitting and receiving (channel asymmetry) channel delays using GPS satellite clock: 10 ms
OTHER
Altitude: Pollution degree: Overvoltage category: Ingress protection: 2000 m (maximum) II II IP40 front, IP20 back
HUMIDITY
Humidity: operating up to 95% (non-condensing) at 55C (as per IEC60068-2-30 variant 1, 6days).
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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
TYPE TESTS
TEST Dielectric voltage withstand Impulse voltage withstand Damped oscillatory Electrostatic discharge RF immunity Fast transient disturbance Surge immunity Conducted RF immunity Power frequency immunity Voltage interruption and ripple DC Radiated and conducted emissions Sinusoidal vibration Shock and bump Seismic Power magnetic immunity Pulse magnetic immunity Damped magnetic immunity Voltage dip and interruption Damped oscillatory Conducted RF immunity, 0 to 150 kHz Voltage ripple Ingress protection Cold Hot Humidity Damped oscillatory RF immunity Safety Safety Safety REFERENCE STANDARD EN60255-5 EN60255-5 IEC61000-4-18 / IEC60255-22-1 EN61000-4-2 / IEC60255-22-2 EN61000-4-3 / IEC60255-22-3 EN61000-4-4 / IEC60255-22-4 EN61000-4-5 / IEC60255-22-5 EN61000-4-6 / IEC60255-22-6 EN61000-4-7 / IEC60255-22-7 IEC60255-11 CISPR11 / CISPR22 / IEC60255-25 IEC60255-21-1 IEC60255-21-2 IEC60255-21-3 IEC61000-4-8 IEC61000-4-9 IEC61000-4-10 IEC61000-4-11 IEC61000-4-12 IEC61000-4-16 IEC61000-4-17 IEC60529 IEC60068-2-1 IEC60068-2-2 IEC60068-2-30 IEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 IEEE/ANSIC37.90.2 UL508 UL C22.2-14 UL1053 TEST LEVEL 2.3 kV 5 kV 2.5 kV CM, 1 kV DM Level 3 Level 3 Class A and B Level 3 and 4 Level 3 Class A and B 12% ripple, 200 ms interrupts Class A Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 Level 5 Level 4 Level 4 0, 40, 70, 80% dips; 250 / 300 cycle interrupts 2.5 kV CM, 1 kV DM Level 4 15% ripple IP40 front, IP10 back 40C for 16 hours 85C for 16 hours 6 day, variant 1 2.5 kV, 1 MHz 20 V/m, 80 MHz to 1 GHz e83849 NKCR e83849 NKCR7 e83849 NKCR
GE Multilin
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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
APPROVALS
COMPLIANCE CE compliance APPLICABLE COUNCIL DIRECTIVE Low voltage directive EMC directive North America ------ACCORDING TO EN60255-5 EN60255-26 / EN50263 EN61000-6-5 UL508 UL1053 C22.2 No. 14
CLEANING
Normally, cleaning is not required; but for situations where dust has accumulated on the faceplate display, a dry cloth can be used. Units that are stored in a de-energized state should be powered up once per year, for one hour continuously, to avoid deterioration of electrolytic capacitors.
NOTE
GE Multilin
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2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
2-24
GE Multilin
The D60 Line Distance Protection System is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified as either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable pushbuttons and LED indicators. The modular design allows the relay to be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified service person. The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules, and is itself removable to allow mounting on doors with limited rear depth. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over the faceplate, which must be removed when attempting to access the keypad or RS232 communications port. The case dimensions are shown below, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When planning the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interference to or from adjacent equipment. The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws supplied with the relay.
GE Multilin
3-1
3.1 DESCRIPTION
3 HARDWARE
842808A1.CDR
Figure 33: D60 HORIZONTAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS (STANDARD PANEL) b) VERTICAL UNITS The D60 Line Distance Protection System is available as a reduced size () vertical mount unit, with a removable faceplate. The faceplate can be specified as either standard or enhanced at the time of ordering. The enhanced faceplate contains additional user-programmable pushbuttons and LED indicators. The modular design allows the relay to be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified service person. The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules, and is itself removable to allow mounting on doors with limited rear depth. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over the faceplate, which must be removed when attempting to access the keypad or RS232 communications port. The case dimensions are shown below, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When planning the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interference to or from adjacent equipment.
3-2
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.1 DESCRIPTION
The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws supplied with the relay.
7.482 11.015 1.329
15.000
14.025
13.560
4.000
9.780
843809A1.CDR
GE Multilin
3-3
3.1 DESCRIPTION
3 HARDWARE
UR SERIES
Figure 35: D60 VERTICAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS (STANDARD PANEL) For details on side mounting D60 devices with the enhanced front panel, refer to the following documents available online from the GE Multilin website. GEK-113180: UR-series UR-V side-mounting front panel assembly instructions. GEK-113181: Connecting the side-mounted UR-V enhanced front panel to a vertical UR-series device. GEK-113182: Connecting the side-mounted UR-V enhanced front panel to a vertically-mounted horizontal UR-series device.
For details on side mounting D60 devices with the standard front panel, refer to the figures below.
3-4
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.1 DESCRIPTION
GE Multilin
3-5
3.1 DESCRIPTION
3 HARDWARE
Figure 37: D60 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING REAR DIMENSIONS (STANDARD PANEL) 3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL AND INSERTION Module withdrawal and insertion may only be performed when control power has been removed from the unit. Inserting an incorrect module type into a slot may result in personal injury, damage to the unit or connected equipment, or undesired operation! Proper electrostatic discharge protection (for example, a static strap) must be used when coming in contact with modules while the relay is energized!
WARNING
WARNING
The relay, being modular in design, allows for the withdrawal and insertion of modules. Modules must only be replaced with like modules in their original factory configured slots. The enhanced faceplate can be opened to the left, once the thumb screw has been removed, as shown below. This allows for easy accessibility of the modules for withdrawal. The new wide-angle hinge assembly in the enhanced front panel opens completely and allows easy access to all modules in the D60.
3-6
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.1 DESCRIPTION
842812A1.CDR
Figure 38: UR MODULE WITHDRAWAL AND INSERTION (ENHANCED FACEPLATE) The standard faceplate can be opened to the left, once the sliding latch on the right side has been pushed up, as shown below. This allows for easy accessibility of the modules for withdrawal.
Figure 39: UR MODULE WITHDRAWAL AND INSERTION (STANDARD FACEPLATE) To properly remove a module, the ejector/inserter clips, located at the top and bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. Record the original location of the module to ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot. Modules with current input provide automatic shorting of external CT circuits. To properly insert a module, ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/ inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted. All CPU modules except the 9E are equipped with 10/100Base-T or 100Base-F Ethernet connectors. These connectors must be individually disconnected from the module before it can be removed from the chassis.
NOTE
GE Multilin
3-7
3.1 DESCRIPTION
3 HARDWARE
The 4.0x release of the D60 relay includes new hardware modules.The new CPU modules are specified with codes 9E and higher. The new CT/VT modules are specified with the codes 8F and higher.
NOTE
The new CT/VT modules can only be used with new CPUs; similarly, old CT/VT modules can only be used with old CPUs. To prevent hardware mismatches, the new modules have blue labels and a warning sticker stating Attn.: Ensure CPU and DSP module label colors are the same!. In the event that there is a mismatch between the CPU and CT/VT module, the relay will not function and a DSP ERROR or HARDWARE MISMATCH error will be displayed. All other input and output modules are compatible with the new hardware. Firmware versions 4.0x and higher are only compatible with the new hardware modules. Previous versions of the firmware (3.4x and earlier) are only compatible with the older hardware modules. 3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT
3
D60 Line Distance Relay
GE Multilin
Technical Support: Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 201-2098
http://www.GEIndustrial.com/Multilin
RATINGS:
Control Power: 88-300V DC @ 35W / 77-265V AC @ 35VA Contact Inputs: 300V DC Max 10mA Contact Outputs: Standard Pilot Duty / 250V AC 7.5A 360V A Resistive / 125V DC Break 4A @ L/R = 40mS / 300W
Made in Canada
Model: Mods: Wiring Diagram: Inst. Manual: Serial Number: Firmware: Mfg. Date:
P
c
N
b a
K
c
J
b a
H
c
G
b a
b
Tx1
a 1 2
CH1
b 1 2
Tx1
a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2
Rx1
3
Tx1
3 4
CH1 Tx Rx CH2
3 4 5 6
Rx1
Tx2
Rx2
IN
Tx2
7 8
Tx2
OUT
Rx2
CT/VT module
CPU module (Ethernet not available when ordered with Ethernet switch)
CH2
Figure 310: REAR TERMINAL VIEW Do not touch any rear terminals while the relay is energized!
WARNING
The relay follows a convention with respect to terminal number assignments which are three characters long assigned in order by module slot position, row number, and column letter. Two-slot wide modules take their slot designation from the first slot position (nearest to CPU module) which is indicated by an arrow marker on the terminal block. See the following figure for an example of rear terminal assignments.
3-8
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.1 DESCRIPTION
GE Multilin
3-9
TRIPPING DIRECTION
TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
THE AC SIGNAL PATH IS CONFIGURABLE
(5 Amp)
This diagram is based on the following order code: D60-H00-HCL-F8F-H6H-M6K-P6C-U6D-W6A This diagram provides an example of how the device is wired, not specifically how to wire the device. Please refer to the Instruction Manual for additional details on wiring based on various configurations.
B C
52
52
A
CURRENT POLARIZATION SOURCE
VB
VA
VC
IG5
IG1
IA5
IA1
IC5
IC1
IB5
IB1
VA
VB
VC
VX
IG
IB
IA
IC
F 6a
F 7a
F 5a
F 4a
F 8a
F 4b
F 1a
F 1b
F 2a
F 2b
F 3a
F 3b
F 6c
F 7c
F 2c
F 3c
F 5c
F 4c
VX
F 8c
F 1c
CURRENT INPUTS
VOLTAGE INPUTS
I V I V I V I V I V I V V I V
CONTACT INPUT H7a CONTACT INPUT H7c CONTACT INPUT H8a CONTACT INPUT H8c COMMON H7b SURGE
6H H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H1a H1b H1c H2a H2b H2c H3a H3b H3c H4a H4b H4c H5a H5b H5c H6a H6b H6c W1a W1b W1c W2a W2b W2c W3a W3b W3c W4a W4b W4c P1a P1b P1c P2a P2b P2c P3a P3b P3c P4a P4b P4c P5a P5b P5c P6a P6b P6c P7a P7b P7c P8a P8b P8c
TC 1
VOLTAGE SUPERVISION
TC 2
W1
W2
CONTACT INPUT W7a CONTACT INPUT W7c CONTACT INPUT W8a CONTACT INPUT W8c COMMON W7b SURGE
W3
W4
6C
P1
P2
CONTACT INPUT U1a CONTACT INPUT U1c CONTACT INPUT U2a CONTACT INPUT U2c COMMON U1b CONTACT INPUT U3a CONTACT INPUT U3c CONTACT INPUT U4a CONTACT INPUT U4c COMMON U3b CONTACT INPUT U5a CONTACT INPUT U5c CONTACT INPUT U6a CONTACT INPUT U6c COMMON U5b CONTACT INPUT U7a CONTACT INPUT U7c CONTACT INPUT U8a CONTACT INPUT U8c COMMON U7b SURGE
6D
P3
P4
P5
U5a U5c U6a U6c U5b U7a U7c U8a U8c U7b U8b
B1b B1a B2b B3a B3b B5b HI B6b LO B6a B8a B8b
Tx1
P6
P7
P8
6K
RS-232
CRITICAL FAILURE 48 VDC OUTPUT
DB-9
(front)
DC AC or DC
POWER SUPPLY
Rx1
Tx2
Rx2
ALTERNATE
9H
10BaseFL
COM 1
Fibre * Optic
10BaseFL
5
NORMAL
10BaseT
RS485 COM 2
com
IRIG-B Input
BNC BNC
IRIG-B Output
CPU
837774A6.CDR
No. 10AWG Minimum GROUND BUS
MODULE ARRANGEMENT
X W
J
6
H G
8
D
9 CPU
B
1 Power Supply
3-10
CONTACT INPUT W5a CONTACT INPUT W5c CONTACT INPUT W6a CONTACT INPUT W6c COMMON W5b
6A
PERSONAL COMPUTER
M1a M1b M1c M2a M2b M2c M3a M3b M3c M4a M4b M4c M5a M5b M5c M6a M6b M6c M7a M7b M7c M8a M8b M8c
25 PIN CONNECTOR
SGND
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
UR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
COMPUTER
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
The dielectric strength of the UR-series module hardware is shown in the following table: Table 31: DIELECTRIC STRENGTH OF UR-SERIES MODULE HARDWARE
MODULE TYPE 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MODULE FUNCTION FROM Power supply Power supply Power supply Reserved Reserved Reserved Analog inputs/outputs Digital inputs/outputs G.703 RS422 CT/VT CPU High (+); Low (+); () 48 V DC (+) and () Relay terminals N/A N/A N/A All except 8b All All except 2b, 3a, 7b, 8a All except 6a, 7b, 8a All All TERMINALS TO Chassis Chassis Chassis N/A N/A N/A Chassis Chassis Chassis Chassis Chassis Chassis DIELECTRIC STRENGTH (AC) 2000 V AC for 1 minute 2000 V AC for 1 minute 2000 V AC for 1 minute N/A N/A N/A < 50 V DC 2000 V AC for 1 minute 2000 V AC for 1 minute < 50 V DC 2000 V AC for 1 minute 2000 V AC for 1 minute
Filter networks and transient protection clamps are used in the hardware to prevent damage caused by high peak voltage transients, radio frequency interference (RFI), and electromagnetic interference (EMI). These protective components can be damaged by application of the ANSI/IEEE C37.90 specified test voltage for a period longer than the specified one minute. 3.2.3 CONTROL POWER CONTROL POWER SUPPLIED TO THE RELAY MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE MATCHING POWER SUPPLY RANGE OF THE RELAY. IF THE VOLTAGE IS APPLIED TO THE WRONG TERMINALS, DAMAGE MAY OCCUR! The D60 relay, like almost all electronic relays, contains electrolytic capacitors. These capacitors are well known to be subject to deterioration over time if voltage is not applied periodically. Deterioration can be avoided by powering the relays up once a year.
CAUTION
NOTE
The power supply module can be ordered for two possible voltage ranges, with or without a redundant power option. Each range has a dedicated input connection for proper operation. The ranges are as shown below (see the Technical specifications section of chapter 2 for additional details): Low (LO) range: 24 to 48 V (DC only) nominal. High (HI) range: 125 to 250 V nominal.
The power supply module provides power to the relay and supplies power for dry contact input connections. The power supply module provides 48 V DC power for dry contact input connections and a critical failure relay (see the Typical wiring diagram earlier). The critical failure relay is a form-C device that will be energized once control power is applied and the relay has successfully booted up with no critical self-test failures. If on-going self-test diagnostic checks detect a critical failure (see the Self-test errors section in chapter 7) or control power is lost, the relay will de-energize. For high reliability systems, the D60 has a redundant option in which two D60 power supplies are placed in parallel on the bus. If one of the power supplies become faulted, the second power supply will assume the full load of the relay without any interruptions. Each power supply has a green LED on the front of the module to indicate it is functional. The critical fail relay of the module will also indicate a faulted power supply.
GE Multilin
3-11
3.2 WIRING An LED on the front of the control power module shows the status of the power supply:
LED INDICATION CONTINUOUS ON ON / OFF CYCLING OFF POWER SUPPLY OK Failure Failure
3 HARDWARE
AC or DC
AC or DC
FILTER SURGE
LOW
HIGH
GND
827759AA.CDR
Figure 313: CONTROL POWER CONNECTION 3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES A CT/VT module may have voltage inputs on channels 1 through 4 inclusive, or channels 5 through 8 inclusive. Channels 1 and 5 are intended for connection to phase A, and are labeled as such in the relay. Likewise, channels 2 and 6 are intended for connection to phase B, and channels 3 and 7 are intended for connection to phase C. Channels 4 and 8 are intended for connection to a single-phase source. For voltage inputs, these channel are labelled as auxiliary voltage (VX). For current inputs, these channels are intended for connection to a CT between system neutral and ground, and are labelled as ground current (IG). Verify that the connection made to the relay nominal current of 1 A or 5 A matches the secondary rating of the connected CTs. Unmatched CTs may result in equipment damage or inadequate protection.
CAUTION
CT/VT modules may be ordered with a standard ground current input that is the same as the phase current input. Each AC current input has an isolating transformer and an automatic shorting mechanism that shorts the input when the module is withdrawn from the chassis. There are no internal ground connections on the current inputs. Current transformers with 1 to 50000 A primaries and 1 A or 5 A secondaries may be used. CT/VT modules with a sensitive ground input are also available. The ground CT input of the sensitive ground modules is ten times more sensitive than the ground CT input of standard CT/VT modules. However, the phase CT inputs and phase VT inputs are the same as those of regular CT/VT modules. The above modules are available with enhanced diagnostics. These modules can automatically detect CT/VT hardware failure and take the relay out of service. CT connections for both ABC and ACB phase rotations are identical as shown in the Typical wiring diagram. The exact placement of a zero-sequence core balance CT to detect ground fault current is shown below. Twisted-pair cabling on the zero-sequence CT is recommended.
3-12
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.2 WIRING
UNSHIELDED CABLE
Source B C
Ground connection to neutral must be on the source side
SHIELDED CABLE
Source
A B C
G
Ground outside CT
3
LOAD
To ground; must be on load side
LOAD
996630A5
Figure 314: ZERO-SEQUENCE CORE BALANCE CT INSTALLATION The phase voltage channels are used for most metering and protection purposes. The auxiliary voltage channel is used as input for the synchrocheck and volts-per-hertz features. Substitute the tilde ~ symbol with the slot position of the module in the following figure.
NOTE
~ 1a
~ 1b
~ 2a
~ 2b
~ 3a
~ 3b
~ 4a
~ 4b
~ 5a
~ 6a
~ 7a
~ 8a
VX
~ 1c
~ 2c
~ 3c
~ 4c
~ 5c
~ 6c
~ 7c
VC
VB
VA
IG5
IG1
IA1
IC1
IB1
IA5
IC5
IB5
Voltage inputs
842768A1.CDR
Figure 315: CT/VT MODULE WIRING 3.2.5 PROCESS BUS MODULES The D60 can be ordered with a process bus interface module. This module is designed to interface with the GE Multilin HardFiber system, allowing bi-directional IEC 61850 fiber optic communications with up to eight HardFiber merging units, known as Bricks. The HardFiber system has been designed to integrate seamlessly with the existing UR-series applications, including protection functions, FlexLogic, metering, and communications. The IEC 61850 process bus system offers the following benefits. Drastically reduces labor associated with design, installation, and testing of protection and control applications using the D60 by reducing the number of individual copper terminations. Integrates seamlessly with existing D60 applications, since the IEC 61850 process bus interface module replaces the traditional CT/VT modules. Communicates using open standard IEC 61850 messaging.
For additional details on the HardFiber system, refer to GE publication GEK-113500: HardFiber System Instruction Manual.
GE Multilin
VC
VB
VA
VX
IG
IA
IC
IB
~ 8c
3-13
3.2 WIRING
Every contact input/output module has 24 terminal connections. They are arranged as three terminals per row, with eight rows in total. A given row of three terminals may be used for the outputs of one relay. For example, for form-C relay outputs, the terminals connect to the normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common contacts of the relay. For a form-A output, there are options of using current or voltage detection for feature supervision, depending on the module ordered. The terminal configuration for contact inputs is different for the two applications. The contact inputs are grouped with a common return. The D60 has two versions of grouping: four inputs per common return and two inputs per common return. When a contact input/output module is ordered, four inputs per common is used. The four inputs per common allows for high-density inputs in combination with outputs, with a compromise of four inputs sharing one common. If the inputs must be isolated per row, then two inputs per common return should be selected (4D module).
The tables and diagrams on the following pages illustrate the module types (6A, etc.) and contact arrangements that may be ordered for the relay. Since an entire row is used for a single contact output, the name is assigned using the module slot position and row number. However, since there are two contact inputs per row, these names are assigned by module slot position, row number, and column position. Some form-A / solid-state relay outputs include circuits to monitor the DC voltage across the output contact when it is open, and the DC current through the output contact when it is closed. Each of the monitors contains a level detector whose output is set to logic On = 1 when the current in the circuit is above the threshold setting. The voltage monitor is set to On = 1 when the current is above about 1 to 2.5 mA, and the current monitor is set to On = 1 when the current exceeds about 80 to 100 mA. The voltage monitor is intended to check the health of the overall trip circuit, and the current monitor can be used to seal-in the output contact until an external contact has interrupted current flow. Block diagrams are shown below for form-A and solid-state relay outputs with optional voltage monitor, optional current monitor, and with no monitoring. The actual values shown for contact output 1 are the same for all contact outputs.
If Idc 80mA, Cont Op 1 = IOn otherwise Cont Op 1 = IOff If Idc 1mA, Cont Op 1 = VOn otherwise Cont Op 1 = VOff
~#a I ~#b V ~#c a) Voltage with optional current monitoring Voltage monitoring only
If Idc 1mA, Cont Op 1 = VOn otherwise Cont Op 1 = VOff
Load
Load
~#a V I ~#b ~#c b) Current with optional voltage monitoring Current monitoring only
If Idc 80mA, Cont Op 1 = IOn otherwise Cont Op 1 = IOff
Load
Load
+
827862A3.CDR
Figure 316: FORM-A AND SOLID-STATE CONTACT OUTPUTS WITH VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MONITORING The operation of voltage and current monitors is reflected with the corresponding FlexLogic operands (CONT OP # VON, CONT OP # VOFF, and CONT OP # ION) which can be used in protection, control, and alarm logic. The typical application of the voltage monitor is breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring; a typical application of the current monitor is seal-in of the control command.
3-14
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.2 WIRING
Refer to the Digital elements section of chapter 5 for an example of how form-A and solid-state relay contacts can be applied for breaker trip circuit integrity monitoring. Relay contacts must be considered unsafe to touch when the unit is energized! If the relay contacts need to be used for low voltage accessible applications, it is the customers responsibility to ensure proper insulation levels! USE OF FORM-A AND SOLID-STATE RELAY OUTPUTS IN HIGH IMPEDANCE CIRCUITS
NOTE
WARNING
For form-A and solid-state relay output contacts internally equipped with a voltage measuring cIrcuit across the contact, the circuit has an impedance that can cause a problem when used in conjunction with external high input impedance monitoring equipment such as modern relay test set trigger circuits. These monitoring circuits may continue to read the form-A contact as being closed after it has closed and subsequently opened, when measured as an impedance. The solution to this problem is to use the voltage measuring trigger input of the relay test set, and connect the formA contact through a voltage-dropping resistor to a DC voltage source. If the 48 V DC output of the power supply is used as a source, a 500 , 10 W resistor is appropriate. In this configuration, the voltage across either the form-A contact or the resistor can be used to monitor the state of the output. Wherever a tilde ~ symbol appears, substitute with the slot position of the module; wherever a number sign # appears, substitute the contact number
NOTE
NOTE
When current monitoring is used to seal-in the form-A and solid-state relay contact outputs, the FlexLogic operand driving the contact output should be given a reset delay of 10 ms to prevent damage of the output contact (in situations when the element initiating the contact output is bouncing, at values in the region of the pickup value).
~6E MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-C Form-C Form-C Form-C 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6F MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C
~6G MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6H MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
GE Multilin
3-15
3.2 WIRING
3 HARDWARE
~6K MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Form-C Form-C Form-C Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C Fast Form-C
~6L MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-C Form-C 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6M MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-C Form-C Form-C Form-C 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6N MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
3
~6P MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs ~6R MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-C Form-C 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs ~6S MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-C Form-C Form-C Form-C 2 Inputs 2 Inputs ~6T MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6U MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~6V MODULE TERMINAL OUTPUT OR ASSIGNMENT INPUT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c Form-A Form-A Form-C 2 Outputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~67 MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A Form-A
~4A MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State
~4B MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State
~4C MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State Not Used Solid-State
~4D MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1a, ~1c ~2a, ~2c ~3a, ~3c ~4a, ~4c ~5a, ~5c ~6a, ~6c ~7a, ~7c ~8a, ~8c OUTPUT 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs 2 Inputs
~4L MODULE TERMINAL ASSIGNMENT ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6 ~7 ~8 OUTPUT 2 Outputs 2 Outputs 2 Outputs 2 Outputs 2 Outputs 2 Outputs 2 Outputs Not Used
3-16
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
3.2 WIRING
842762A2.CDR
GE Multilin
3-17
3.2 WIRING
3 HARDWARE
V I
V I
~2
~2
~2
~3
~4
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b ~ 8b
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
~ 8b
SURGE
~3
~3
~4
~4
~5
~5
~6
~6
~7
~8
V I
V I
~2
~2
V I
V I
~4
~4
~ 8b
SURGE
V I
~5
~ 5a ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b ~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b ~ 8b
CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON SURGE
~ 5a DIGITAL I/O ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b ~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6R
~1
~2
~3
~4
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b ~ 8b
~ 7a DIGITAL I/O ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6S
~1
~2
~3
~4 ~ 5a ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b ~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b ~ 8b
CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN CONTACT IN COMMON SURGE
~ 5a DIGITAL I/O ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b ~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6T
~1
~2
~3
~4
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c
~5
~6
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b ~ 8b
~ 7a DIGITAL I/O ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6U
~1
~2
~3
~4
~5
~6
842763A2.CDR
Figure 318: CONTACT INPUT AND OUTPUT MODULE WIRING (2 of 2) CORRECT POLARITY MUST BE OBSERVED FOR ALL CONTACT INPUT AND SOLID STATE OUTPUT CONNECTIONS FOR PROPER FUNCTIONALITY.
CAUTION
3-18
GE Multilin
~6
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
~ 8b
SURGE
~3
~3
~ 5a ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b
~ 5a DIGITAL I/O ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b
DIGITAL I/O
6N
~1
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
~ 7a DIGITAL I/O ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6P
~1
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c ~ 5a ~ 5b ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6b ~ 6c ~ 7a ~ 7b ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8b ~ 8c
~1
~ 5a ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b
~ 5a DIGITAL I/O ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6c ~ 5b
6K
6L
~1
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c
~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
~ 7a DIGITAL I/O ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b
6M
~1
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c ~ 5a ~ 5b ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6b ~ 6c
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c ~ 5a ~ 5b ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6b ~ 6c
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c ~ 5a ~ 5b ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6b ~ 6c
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 1c ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 3c ~ 4a ~ 4b ~ 4c ~ 5a ~ 5b ~ 5c ~ 6a ~ 6b ~ 6c
3.2 WIRING
A dry contact has one side connected to terminal B3b. This is the positive 48 V DC voltage rail supplied by the power supply module. The other side of the dry contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. Each contact input group has its own common (negative) terminal which must be connected to the DC negative terminal (B3a) of the power supply module. When a dry contact closes, a current of 1 to 3 mA will flow through the associated circuit. A wet contact has one side connected to the positive terminal of an external DC power supply. The other side of this contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. If a wet contact is used, then the negative side of the external source must be connected to the relay common (negative) terminal of each contact group. The maximum external source voltage for this arrangement is 300 V DC. The voltage threshold at which each group of four contact inputs will detect a closed contact input is programmable as 17 V DC for 24 V sources, 33 V DC for 48 V sources, 84 V DC for 110 to 125 V sources, and 166 V DC for 250 V sources.
(Dry) DIGITAL I/O ~ 7a + CONTACT IN ~ 7c + CONTACT IN ~ 8a + CONTACT IN ~ 8c + CONTACT IN ~ 7b COMMON ~ 8b SURGE 6B ~ 7a ~ 7c ~ 8a ~ 8c ~ 7b (Wet) DIGITAL I/O 6B ~ 7a + CONTACT IN ~ 7a ~ 7c + CONTACT IN ~ 7c ~ 8a + CONTACT IN ~ 8a ~ 8c + CONTACT IN ~ 8c ~ 7b COMMON ~ 7b ~ 8b SURGE
24-250V
B 1b CRITICAL B 1a FAILURE B 2b B 3a 48 VDC OUTPUT B 3b + B 5b HI+ CONTROL B 6b LO+ POWER B 6a B 8a SURGE B 8b FILTER
POWER SUPPLY
827741A4.CDR
Figure 319: DRY AND WET CONTACT INPUT CONNECTIONS Wherever a tilde ~ symbol appears, substitute with the slot position of the module.
NOTE
Contact outputs may be ordered as form-a or form-C. The form-A contacts may be connected for external circuit supervision. These contacts are provided with voltage and current monitoring circuits used to detect the loss of DC voltage in the circuit, and the presence of DC current flowing through the contacts when the form-A contact closes. If enabled, the current monitoring can be used as a seal-in signal to ensure that the form-A contact does not attempt to break the energized inductive coil circuit and weld the output contacts. There is no provision in the relay to detect a DC ground fault on 48 V DC control power external output. We recommend using an external DC supply.
NOTE
GE Multilin
3-19
3 HARDWARE
The contact inputs sense a change of the state of the external device contact based on the measured current. When external devices are located in a harsh industrial environment (either outdoor or indoor), their contacts can be exposed to various types of contamination. Normally, there is a thin film of insulating sulfidation, oxidation, or contaminates on the surface of the contacts, sometimes making it difficult or impossible to detect a change of the state. This film must be removed to establish circuit continuity an impulse of higher than normal current can accomplish this. The contact inputs with auto-burnish create a high current impulse when the threshold is reached to burn off this oxidation layer as a maintenance to the contacts. Afterwards the contact input current is reduced to a steady-state current. The impulse will have a 5 second delay after a contact input changes state.
current 50 to 70 mA
3
3 mA time 25 to 50 ms
842749A1.CDR
Figure 320: CURRENT THROUGH CONTACT INPUTS WITH AUTO-BURNISHING Regular contact inputs limit current to less than 3 mA to reduce station battery burden. In contrast, contact inputs with autoburnishing allow currents up to 50 to 70 mA at the first instance when the change of state was sensed. Then, within 25 to 50 ms, this current is slowly reduced to 3 mA as indicated above. The 50 to 70 mA peak current burns any film on the contacts, allowing for proper sensing of state changes. If the external device contact is bouncing, the auto-burnishing starts when external device contact bouncing is over. Another important difference between the auto-burnishing input module and the regular input modules is that only two contact inputs have common ground, as opposed to four contact inputs sharing one common ground (refer to the Contact Input and Output Module Wiring diagrams). This is beneficial when connecting contact inputs to separate voltage sources. Consequently, the threshold voltage setting is also defined per group of two contact inputs. The auto-burnish feature can be disabled or enabled using the DIP switches found on each daughter card. There is a DIP switch for each contact, for a total of 16 inputs.
CONTACT INPUT 1 AUTO-BURNISH = OFF CONTACT INPUT 2 AUTO-BURNISH = OFF
Figure 321: AUTO-BURNISH DIP SWITCHES The auto-burnish circuitry has an internal fuse for safety purposes. During regular maintenance, the auto-burnish functionality can be checked using an oscilloscope.
NOTE
3-20
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3 HARDWARE
Transducer input modules can receive input signals from external dcmA output transducers (dcmA In) or resistance temperature detectors (RTD). Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from these external transducers and convert these signals into a digital format for use as required. Transducer output modules provide DC current outputs in several standard dcmA ranges. Software is provided to configure virtually any analog quantity used in the relay to drive the analog outputs. Every transducer input/output module has a total of 24 terminal connections. These connections are arranged as three terminals per row with a total of eight rows. A given row may be used for either inputs or outputs, with terminals in column "a" having positive polarity and terminals in column "c" having negative polarity. Since an entire row is used for a single input/ output channel, the name of the channel is assigned using the module slot position and row number. Each module also requires that a connection from an external ground bus be made to terminal 8b. The current outputs require a twisted-pair shielded cable, where the shield is grounded at one end only. The figure below illustrates the transducer module types (5A, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that may be ordered for the relay. Wherever a tilde ~ symbol appears, substitute with the slot position of the module.
NOTE
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3-21
3.2 WIRING
A 9-pin RS232C serial port is located on the D60 faceplate for programming with a personal computer. All that is required to use this interface is a personal computer running the EnerVista UR Setup software provided with the relay. Cabling for the RS232 port is shown in the following figure for both 9-pin and 25-pin connectors. The baud rate for this port is fixed at 19200 bps.
NOTE
Figure 323: RS232 FACEPLATE PORT CONNECTION 3.2.9 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS a) OPTIONS In addition to the faceplate RS232 port, the D60 provides two additional communication ports or a managed six-port Ethernet switch, depending on the installed CPU module. The CPU modules do not require a surge ground connection.
NOTE
3-22
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3 HARDWARE
3.2 WIRING
Shielded twisted-pairs
IRIG-B output
IRIG-B output
CPU
Co-axial cable
NORMAL
Rx1
10Base-FL 10Base-T
NORMAL
COM1 9G
Tx1
100Base-F ALTERNATE
+
COMMON
+
BNC BNC
+
COMMON
COM1 9M
CPU
+
COMMON
9E
+
COMMON
+
COMMON
+
BNC
9L
+
BNC BNC
3
CPU CPU CPU CPU 9N
CPU
Co-axial cable
Tx1 Tx2
Rx1 Rx2
NORMAL ALTERNATE
COM1 9H
Shielded twisted-pairs
Shielded twisted-pairs
+
COMMON
+
COMMON
+
BNC BNC
+
BNC BNC
Co-axial cable
Co-axial cable
Rx1
CPU
100Base-FL
NORMAL
10/100Base-T
+
COMMON
9J
Tx1
+
COMMON
+
BNC BNC
+
BNC BNC
Co-axial cable
CPU
Rx1 Rx2
100Base-FL
Rx1 Rx2
100Base-FL
NORMAL
COM1 9K
Tx1 Tx2
Tx2
100Base-F ALTERNATE
100Base-F ALTERNATE
+
COMMON
Shielded twisted-pairs
10/100Base-T
+
BNC
+
COMMON
+
BNC
CPU
MM fiber optic cable MM fiber optic cable MM fiber optic cable 100Base-T cable 100Base-T cable 110 to 250 V DC 100 to 240 V AC
Fiber ports
10/100Base-T 10/100Base-T
CPU
9S
Tx1
842765A5.CDR
GE Multilin
COM1 9R
Tx1
NORMAL
COM1 9P
Tx1
3-23
3 HARDWARE
RS485 data transmission and reception are accomplished over a single twisted pair with transmit and receive data alternating over the same two wires. Through the use of these ports, continuous monitoring and control from a remote computer, SCADA system or PLC is possible. To minimize errors from noise, the use of shielded twisted pair wire is recommended. Correct polarity must also be observed. For instance, the relays must be connected with all RS485 + terminals connected together, and all RS485 terminals connected together. The COM terminal should be connected to the common wire inside the shield, when provided. To avoid loop currents, the shield should be grounded at one point only. Each relay should also be daisy chained to the next one in the link. A maximum of 32 relays can be connected in this manner without exceeding driver capability. For larger systems, additional serial channels must be added. It is also possible to use commercially available repeaters to increase the number of relays on a single channel to more than 32. Star or stub connections should be avoided entirely.
Lightning strikes and ground surge currents can cause large momentary voltage differences between remote ends of the communication link. For this reason, surge protection devices are internally provided at both communication ports. An isolated power supply with an optocoupled data interface also acts to reduce noise coupling. To ensure maximum reliability, all equipment should have similar transient protection devices installed. Both ends of the RS485 circuit should also be terminated with an impedance as shown below.
3-24
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3.2 WIRING
ENSURE THE DUST COVERS ARE INSTALLED WHEN THE FIBER IS NOT IN USE. DIRTY OR SCRATCHED CONNECTORS CAN LEAD TO HIGH LOSSES ON A FIBER LINK.
CAUTION
OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.
CAUTION
The fiber optic communication ports allow for fast and efficient communications between relays at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps. Optical fiber may be connected to the relay supporting a wavelength of 820 nm in multi-mode or 1310 nm in multi-mode and single-mode. The 10 Mbps rate is available for CPU modules 9G and 9H; 100Mbps is available for modules 9H, 9J, 9K, 9L, 9M, 9N, 9P, and 9R. The 9H, 9K, 9M, and 9R modules have a second pair of identical optical fiber transmitter and receiver for redundancy. The optical fiber sizes supported include 50/125 m, 62.5/125 m and 100/140 m for 10 Mbps. The fiber optic port is designed such that the response times will not vary for any core that is 100 m or less in diameter, 62.5 m for 100 Mbps. For optical power budgeting, splices are required every 1 km for the transmitter/receiver pair. When splicing optical fibers, the diameter and numerical aperture of each fiber must be the same. In order to engage or disengage the ST type connector, only a quarter turn of the coupling is required. 3.2.10 IRIG-B IRIG-B is a standard time code format that allows stamping of events to be synchronized among connected devices within 1 millisecond. The IRIG time code formats are serial, width-modulated codes which can be either DC level shifted or amplitude modulated (AM). Third party equipment is available for generating the IRIG-B signal; this equipment may use a GPS satellite system to obtain the time reference so that devices at different geographic locations can also be synchronized.
RELAY
4B IRIG-B(+) IRIG-B(-) RECEIVER BNC (IN) 4A RG58/59 COAXIAL CABLE +
827756A5.CDR
GE Multilin
3-25
3.2 WIRING
3 HARDWARE
The IRIG-B repeater provides an amplified DC-shift IRIG-B signal to other equipment. By using one IRIG-B serial connection, several UR-series relays can be synchronized. The IRIG-B repeater has a bypass function to maintain the time signal even when a relay in the series is powered down.
Figure 327: IRIG-B REPEATER Using an amplitude modulated receiver will cause errors up to 1 ms in event time-stamping.
NOTE
NOTE
Using an amplitude modulated receiver will also cause errors of up to 1 ms in metered synchrophasor values. Using the IRIG-B repeater function in conjunction with synchrophasors is not recommended, as the repeater adds a 40 s delay to the IRIG-B signal. This results in a 1 error for each consecutive device in the string as reported in synchrophasors.
3-26
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The D60 direct inputs and outputs feature makes use of the type 7 series of communications modules. These modules are also used by the L90 Line Differential Relay for inter-relay communications. The direct input and output feature uses the communications channels provided by these modules to exchange digital state information between relays. This feature is available on all UR-series relay models except for the L90 Line Differential relay. The communications channels are normally connected in a ring configuration as shown below. The transmitter of one module is connected to the receiver of the next module. The transmitter of this second module is then connected to the receiver of the next module in the ring. This is continued to form a communications ring. The figure below illustrates a ring of four UR-series relays with the following connections: UR1-Tx to UR2-Rx, UR2-Tx to UR3-Rx, UR3-Tx to UR4-Rx, and UR4-Tx to UR1-Rx. A maximum of sixteen (16) UR-series relays can be connected in a single ring
UR #1
Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx
842006A1.CDR
UR #2
UR #3
UR #4
Figure 328: DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT SINGLE CHANNEL CONNECTION The interconnection for dual-channel Type 7 communications modules is shown below. Two channel modules allow for a redundant ring configuration. That is, two rings can be created to provide an additional independent data path. The required connections are: UR1-Tx1 to UR2-Rx1, UR2-Tx1 to UR3-Rx1, UR3-Tx1 to UR4-Rx1, and UR4-Tx1 to UR1-Rx1 for the first ring; and UR1-Tx2 to UR4-Rx2, UR4-Tx2 to UR3-Rx2, UR3-Tx2 to UR2-Rx2, and UR2-Tx2 to UR1-Rx2 for the second ring.
Tx1 Rx1 Tx2 Rx2 Tx1
UR #1
UR #2
UR #3
UR #4
Figure 329: DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT DUAL CHANNEL CONNECTION The following diagram shows the connection for three UR-series relays using two independent communication channels. UR1 and UR3 have single type 7 communication modules; UR2 has a dual-channel module. The two communication channels can be of different types, depending on the Type 7 modules used. To allow the direct input and output data to crossover from channel 1 to channel 2 on UR2, the DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER setting should be Enabled on UR2. This forces UR2 to forward messages received on Rx1 out Tx2, and messages received on Rx2 out Tx1.
GE Multilin
3-27
3 HARDWARE
UR #1
Tx Rx
Channel #1
Tx1
UR #2
Channel #2
UR #3
Tx Rx
842013A1.CDR
Figure 330: DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT SINGLE/DUAL CHANNEL COMBINATION CONNECTION The interconnection requirements are described in further detail in this section for each specific variation of type 7 communications module. These modules are listed in the following table. All fiber modules use ST type connectors. Not all the direct input and output communications modules may be applicable to the D60 relay. Only the modules specified in the order codes are available as direct input and output communications modules.
NOTE
3-28
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.
CAUTION
The following figure shows the configuration for the 7A, 7B, 7C, 7H, 7I, and 7J fiber-only modules.
Module: Connection Location: 7A / 7B / 7C Slot X 7H / 7I / 7J Slot X
RX1 TX1
RX1 TX1
Figure 331: LED AND ELED FIBER MODULES 3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS The following figure shows the configuration for the 72, 73, 7D, and 7K fiber-laser module.
Module: Connection Location: 72/ 7D Slot X TX1 RX1 73/ 7K Slot X TX1 RX1
TX2 RX2
1 Channel
2 Channels
831720A3.CDR
Figure 332: LASER FIBER MODULES When using a laser Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed the maximum optical input power to the receiver.
WARNING
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3-29
a) DESCRIPTION The following figure shows the 64K ITU G.703 co-directional interface configuration. The G.703 module is fixed at 64 kbps. The SETTINGS setting is not applicable to this module.
NOTE
PRODUCT SETUP
DIRECT I/O
AWG 24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external connections, with the shield grounded only at one end. Connecting the shield to pin X1a or X6a grounds the shield since these pins are internally connected to ground. Thus, if pin X1a or X6a is used, do not ground at the other end. This interface module is protected by surge suppression devices.
Shield
Inter-relay communications
G.703 channel 1
Tx Rx Tx + Rx +
Surge
Shield Tx Rx Tx + Rx +
G.703 channel 2
Surge
X 1a X 1b X 2a X 2b X 3a X 3b X 6a X 6b X 7a X 7b X 8a X 8b
7S
842773A2.CDR
Figure 333: G.703 INTERFACE CONFIGURATION The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two G.703 interfaces. For the actual physical arrangement of these pins, see the Rear terminal assignments section earlier in this chapter. All pin interconnections are to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.
7S
Tx Rx Tx + Rx + Tx Rx Tx + Rx +
G.703 CHANNEL 1
G.703 CHANNEL 1
SURGE
Shld. Tx -
SURGE
Shld. Tx Tx + Rx +
COMM.
Tx + Rx +
SURGE
SURGE
831727A3.CDR
Figure 334: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO G.703 INTERFACES Pin nomenclature may differ from one manufacturer to another. Therefore, it is not uncommon to see pinouts numbered TxA, TxB, RxA and RxB. In such cases, it can be assumed that A is equivalent to + and B is equivalent to .
NOTE
b) G.703 SELECTION SWITCH PROCEDURES 1. Remove the G.703 module (7R or 7S). The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously in order to release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. The original location of the module should be recorded to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot. Remove the module cover screw. Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards. Set the timing selection switches (channel 1, channel 2) to the desired timing modes. Replace the top cover and the cover screw.
2. 3. 4. 5.
3-30
COMM.
G.703 CHANNEL 2
Rx -
Rx -
G.703 CHANNEL 2
7S
Shld.
X 1a X 1b X 2a X 2b X 3a X 3b X 6a X 6b X 7a X 7b X 8a X 8b
X 1a X 1b X 2a X 2b X 3a X 3b X 6a X 6b X 7a X 7b X 8a X 8b
Shld.
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE 6.
Re-insert the G.703 module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.
Figure 335: G.703 TIMING SELECTION SWITCH SETTING Table 35: G.703 TIMING SELECTIONS
SWITCHES S1 S5 and S6 FUNCTION OFF octet timing disabled ON octet timing 8 kHz S5 = OFF and S6 = OFF loop timing mode S5 = ON and S6 = OFF internal timing mode S5 = OFF and S6 = ON minimum remote loopback mode S5 = ON and S6 = ON dual loopback mode
c) G.703 OCTET TIMING If octet timing is enabled (on), this 8 kHz signal will be asserted during the violation of bit 8 (LSB) necessary for connecting to higher order systems. When D60s are connected back to back, octet timing should be disabled (off). d) G.703 TIMING MODES There are two timing modes for the G.703 module: internal timing mode and loop timing mode (default). Internal Timing Mode: The system clock is generated internally. Therefore, the G.703 timing selection should be in the internal timing mode for back-to-back (UR-to-UR) connections. For back-to-back connections, set for octet timing (S1 = OFF) and timing mode to internal timing (S5 = ON and S6 = OFF). Loop Timing Mode: The system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, the G.703 timing selection should be in loop timing mode for connections to higher order systems. For connection to a higher order system (URto-multiplexer, factory defaults), set to octet timing (S1 = ON) and set timing mode to loop timing (S5 = OFF and S6 = OFF).
GE Multilin
3-31
3.3 DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT COMMUNICATIONS The switch settings for the internal and loop timing modes are shown below:
3 HARDWARE
842752A1.CDR
In minimum remote loopback mode, the multiplexer is enabled to return the data from the external interface without any processing to assist in diagnosing G.703 line-side problems irrespective of clock rate. Data enters from the G.703 inputs, passes through the data stabilization latch which also restores the proper signal polarity, passes through the multiplexer and then returns to the transmitter. The differential received data is processed and passed to the G.703 transmitter module after which point the data is discarded. The G.703 receiver module is fully functional and continues to process data and passes it to the differential Manchester transmitter module. Since timing is returned as it is received, the timing source is expected to be from the G.703 line side of the interface.
DMR
G7X
DMR = Differential Manchester Receiver DMX = Differential Manchester Transmitter G7X = G.703 Transmitter G7R = G.703 Receiver
DMX
G7R
842774A1.CDR
Figure 336: G.703 MINIMUM REMOTE LOOPBACK MODE In dual loopback mode, the multiplexers are active and the functions of the circuit are divided into two with each receiver/ transmitter pair linked together to deconstruct and then reconstruct their respective signals. Differential Manchester data enters the Differential Manchester receiver module and then is returned to the differential Manchester transmitter module. Likewise, G.703 data enters the G.703 receiver module and is passed through to the G.703 transmitter module to be returned as G.703 data. Because of the complete split in the communications path and because, in each case, the clocks are extracted and reconstructed with the outgoing data, in this mode there must be two independent sources of timing. One source lies on the G.703 line side of the interface while the other lies on the differential Manchester side of the interface.
DMR
G7X
DMR = Differential Manchester Receiver DMX = Differential Manchester Transmitter G7X = G.703 Transmitter G7R = G.703 Receiver
DMX
G7R
842775A1.CDR
3-32
GE Multilin
3 HARDWARE
a) DESCRIPTION There are two RS422 inter-relay communications modules available: single-channel RS422 (module 7T) and dual-channel RS422 (module 7W). The modules can be configured to run at 64 kbps or 128 kbps. AWG 24 twisted shielded pair cable is recommended for external connections. These modules are protected by optically-isolated surge suppression devices. The shield pins (6a and 7b) are internally connected to the ground pin (8a). Proper shield termination is as follows: Site 1: Terminate shield to pins 6a or 7b or both. Site 2: Terminate shield to COM pin 2b.
The clock terminating impedance should match the impedance of the line.
Single-channel RS422 module Dual-channel RS422 module
Clock
COM
Tx Rx Tx + Rx + Shield
Surge
RS422 channel 2
Clock
COM
Surge
842776A3.CDR
Figure 338: RS422 INTERFACE CONNECTIONS The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two single-channel RS422 interfaces installed in slot W. All pin interconnections are to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.
Figure 339: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO RS422 INTERFACES b) TWO-CHANNEL APPLICATION VIA MULTIPLEXERS The RS422 interface may be used for single channel or two channel applications over SONET/SDH or multiplexed systems. When used in single-channel applications, the RS422 interface links to higher order systems in a typical fashion observing transmit (Tx), receive (Rx), and send timing (ST) connections. However, when used in two-channel applications, certain criteria must be followed since there is one clock input for the two RS422 channels. The system will function correctly if the following connections are observed and your data module has a terminal timing feature. Terminal timing is a common feature to most synchronous data units that allows the module to accept timing from an external source. Using the terminal timing feature, two channel applications can be achieved if these connections are followed: The send timing outputs from the multiplexer (data module 1), will connect to the clock inputs of the URRS422 interface in the usual fashion. In addition, the send timing outputs of data module 1 will also be paralleled to the terminal timing inputs of data module 2. By using this configuration, the timing for both data modules and both URRS422 channels will be derived from a single clock source. As a result, data sampling for both of the URRS422 channels will be synchronized via the send timing leads on data module 1 as shown below. If the terminal timing feature is not available or this type of connection is not desired, the G.703 interface is a viable option that does not impose timing restrictions.
GE Multilin
Inter-relay communications
~ 3b ~ 3a ~ 2a ~ 4b ~ 6a ~ 7a ~ 8b ~ 2b ~ 8a
Rx
Rx Tx + Rx + Shield
Rx + Shield
Inter-relay comms.
Tx +
RS422
RS422 channel 1
7W
7T
Tx
~ 3b ~ 3a ~ 2a ~ 4b ~ 6a ~ 5b ~ 5a ~ 4a ~ 6b ~ 7b ~ 7a ~ 8b ~ 2b ~ 8a
Tx
3-33
3 HARDWARE
Data module 1
Signal name
7W
Tx1(+) Tx1(-)
RS422 CHANNEL 1
CLOCK
+ Tx2(+) Tx2(-)
RS422 CHANNEL 2
SURGE
W 2a W 3b W 4b W 3a W 6a W 7a W 8b W 4a W 5b W 6b W 5a W 7b W 2b W 8a
SD(A) - Send data SD(B) - Send data RD(A) - Received data RD(B) - Received data RS(A) - Request to send (RTS) RS(B) - Request to send (RTS) RT(A) - Receive timing RT(B) - Receive timing CS(A) - Clear To send CS(B) - Clear To send Local loopback Remote loopback Signal ground ST(A) - Send timing ST(B) - Send timing
INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS
Data module 2
Signal name TT(A) - Terminal timing TT(B) - Terminal timing SD(A) - Send data SD(B) - Send data RD(A) - Received data RD(B) - Received data RS(A) - Request to send (RTS) RS(B) - Request to send (RTS) CS(A) - Clear To send CS(B) - Clear To send Local loopback Remote loopback Signal ground ST(A) - Send timing ST(B) - Send timing 831022A3.CDR
Figure 340: TIMING CONFIGURATION FOR RS422 TWO-CHANNEL, 3-TERMINAL APPLICATION Data module 1 provides timing to the D60 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data module 1 also provides timing to data module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs. The data module pin numbers have been omitted in the figure above since they may vary depending on the manufacturer. c) TRANSMIT TIMING The RS422 interface accepts one clock input for transmit timing. It is important that the rising edge of the 64 kHz transmit timing clock of the multiplexer interface is sampling the data in the center of the transmit data window. Therefore, it is important to confirm clock and data transitions to ensure proper system operation. For example, the following figure shows the positive edge of the Tx clock in the center of the Tx data bit.
Tx Clock
Tx Data
Figure 341: CLOCK AND DATA TRANSITIONS d) RECEIVE TIMING The RS422 interface utilizes NRZI-MARK modulation code and; therefore, does not rely on an Rx clock to recapture data. NRZI-MARK is an edge-type, invertible, self-clocking code.
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To recover the Rx clock from the data-stream, an integrated DPLL (digital phase lock loop) circuit is utilized. The DPLL is driven by an internal clock, which is 16-times over-sampled, and uses this clock along with the data-stream to generate a data clock that can be used as the SCC (serial communication controller) receive clock. 3.3.6 RS422 AND FIBER INTERFACE The following figure shows the combined RS422 plus Fiber interface configuration at 64K baud. The 7L, 7M, 7N, 7P, and 74 modules are used in two-terminal with a redundant channel or three-terminal configurations where channel 1 is employed via the RS422 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and channel 2 via direct fiber. AWG 24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external RS422 connections and the shield should be grounded only at one end. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly. When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed maximum optical input power to the receiver.
WARNING
Rx1 + Shield
Tx2
Rx2
~ 8a
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Figure 342: RS422 AND FIBER INTERFACE CONNECTION Connections shown above are for multiplexers configured as DCE (data communications equipment) units. 3.3.7 G.703 AND FIBER INTERFACE The figure below shows the combined G.703 plus fiber interface configuration at 64 kbps. The 7E, 7F, 7G, 7Q, and 75 modules are used in configurations where channel 1 is employed via the G.703 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and channel 2 via direct fiber. AWG 24 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external G.703 connections connecting the shield to pin 1a at one end only. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly. See previous sections for additional details on the G.703 and fiber interfaces. When using a laser Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed the maximum optical input power to the receiver.
WARNING
Shield Tx Rx Tx + Rx +
G.703 channel 1
Surge
Tx2 Rx2
Fiber channel 2
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~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 3a ~ 3b
Inter-relay comms.
~ 1a ~ 1b ~ 2b ~ 2a ~ 3a ~ 3b ~ 4b ~ 6a
RS422 channel 1
Clock (channel 1)
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The UR-series IEEE C37.94 communication modules (modules types 2G, 2H, 76, and 77) are designed to interface with IEEE C37.94 compliant digital multiplexers or an IEEE C37.94 compliant interface converter for use with direct input and output applications for firmware revisions 3.30 and higher. The IEEE C37.94 standard defines a point-to-point optical link for synchronous data between a multiplexer and a teleprotection device. This data is typically 64 kbps, but the standard provides for speeds up to 64n kbps, where n = 1, 2,, 12. The UR-series C37.94 communication modules are either 64 kbps (with n fixed at 1) for 128 kbps (with n fixed at 2). The frame is a valid International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T) recommended G.704 pattern from the standpoint of framing and data rate. The frame is 256 bits and is repeated at a frame rate of 8000 Hz, with a resultant bit rate of 2048 kbps. The specifications for the module are as follows:. IEEE standard: C37.94 for 1 128 kbps optical fiber interface (for 2G and 2H modules) or C37.94 for 2 64 kbps optical fiber interface (for 76 and 77 modules). Fiber optic cable type: 50 mm or 62.5 mm core diameter optical fiber. Fiber optic mode: multi-mode. Fiber optic cable length: up to 2 km. Fiber optic connector: type ST. Wavelength: 830 40 nm. Connection: as per all fiber optic connections, a Tx to Rx connection is required.
The UR-series C37.94 communication module can be connected directly to any compliant digital multiplexer that supports the IEEE C37.94 standard as shown below.
The UR-series C37.94 communication module can be connected to the electrical interface (G.703, RS422, or X.21) of a non-compliant digital multiplexer via an optical-to-electrical interface converter that supports the IEEE C37.94 standard, as shown below.
The UR-series C37.94 communication module has six (6) switches that are used to set the clock configuration. The functions of these control switches is shown below.
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For the internal timing mode, the system clock is generated internally. therefore, the timing switch selection should be internal timing for relay 1 and loop timed for relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured. For the looped timing mode, the system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, the timing selection should be in loop timing mode for connections to higher order systems. The IEEE C37.94 communications module cover removal procedure is as follows: 1. Remove the IEEE C37.94 module (type 2G, 2H, 76, or 77 module): The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously in order to release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. The original location of the module should be recorded to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Remove the module cover screw. Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards. Set the timing selection switches (channel 1, channel 2) to the desired timing modes (see description above). Replace the top cover and the cover screw. Re-insert the IEEE C37.94 module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.
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The UR-series C37.94SM communication modules (2A and 2B) are designed to interface with modified IEEE C37.94 compliant digital multiplexers or IEEE C37.94 compliant interface converters that have been converted from 820 nm multi-mode fiber optics to 1300 nm ELED single-mode fiber optics. The IEEE C37.94 standard defines a point-to-point optical link for synchronous data between a multiplexer and a teleprotection device. This data is typically 64 kbps, but the standard provides for speeds up to 64n kbps, where n = 1, 2,, 12. The UR-series C37.94SM communication module is 64 kbps only with n fixed at 1. The frame is a valid International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T) recommended G.704 pattern from the standpoint of framing and data rate. The frame is 256 bits and is repeated at a frame rate of 8000 Hz, with a resultant bit rate of 2048 kbps. The specifications for the module are as follows: Emulated IEEE standard: emulates C37.94 for 1 64 kbps optical fiber interface (modules set to n = 1 or 64 kbps). Fiber optic cable type: 9/125 m core diameter optical fiber. Fiber optic mode: single-mode, ELED compatible with HP HFBR-1315T transmitter and HP HFBR-2316T receiver. Fiber optic cable length: up to 10 km. Fiber optic connector: type ST. Wavelength: 1300 40 nm. Connection: as per all fiber optic connections, a Tx to Rx connection is required.
The UR-series C37.94SM communication module can be connected directly to any compliant digital multiplexer that supports C37.94SM as shown below.
It can also can be connected directly to any other UR-series relay with a C37.94SM module as shown below.
The UR-series C37.94SM communication module has six (6) switches that are used to set the clock configuration. The functions of these control switches is shown below.
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For the internal timing mode, the system clock is generated internally. Therefore, the timing switch selection should be internal timing for relay 1 and loop timed for relay 2. There must be only one timing source configured.
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For the looped timing mode, the system clock is derived from the received line signal. Therefore, the timing selection should be in loop timing mode for connections to higher order systems. The C37.94SM communications module cover removal procedure is as follows: 1. Remove the C37.94SM module (modules 2A or 2B): The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously in order to release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. The original location of the module should be recorded to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Remove the module cover screw. Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards. Set the timing selection switches (channel 1, channel 2) to the desired timing modes (see description above). Replace the top cover and the cover screw. Re-insert the C37.94SM module. Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.
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The type 2S and 2T embedded managed switch modules are supported by UR-series relays containing type 9S CPU modules with revisions 5.5x and higher. The modules communicate to the D60 through an internal Ethernet port (referred to as the UR port or port 7) and provide an additional six external Ethernet ports: two 10/100Base-T ports and four multimode ST 100Base-FX ports. The Ethernet switch module should be powered up before or at the same time as the D60. Otherwise, the switch module will not be detected on power up and the EQUIPMENT MISMATCH: ORDERCODE XXX self-test warning will be issued. 3.4.2 MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE HARDWARE
NOTE
The type 2S and 2T managed Ethernet switch modules provide two 10/100Base-T and four multimode ST 100Base-FX external Ethernet ports accessible through the rear of the module. In addition, a serial console port is accessible from the front of the module (requires the front panel faceplate to be open). The pin assignment for the console port signals is shown in the following table. Table 36: CONSOLE PORT PIN ASSIGNMENT
PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 to 9 SIGNAL CD RXD TXD N/A GND N/A DESCRIPTION Carrier detect (not used) Receive data (input) Transmit data (output) Not used Signal ground Not used
FRONT VIEW
REAR VIEW
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3.4 MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULES 3.4.3 MANAGED SWITCH LED INDICATORS
The 10/100Base-T and 100Base-FX ports have LED indicators to indicate the port status. The 10/100Base-T ports have three LEDs to indicate connection speed, duplex mode, and link activity. The 100Base-FX ports have one LED to indicate linkup and activity.
Connection speed indicator (OFF = 10 Mbps; ON = 100 Mbps) Link indicator (ON = link active; FLASHING = activity) Duplex mode indicator (OFF = half-duplex; ON = full-duplex)
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Figure 347: ETHERNET SWITCH LED INDICATORS 3.4.4 CONFIGURING THE MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULE A suitable IP/gateway and subnet mask must be assigned to both the switch and the UR relay for correct operation. The Switch has been shipped with a default IP address of 192.168.1.2 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. Consult your network administrator to determine if the default IP address, subnet mask or default gateway needs to be modified. Do not connect to network while configuring the switch module.
CAUTION
a) CONFIGURING THE SWITCH MODULE IP SETTINGS In our example configuration of both the Switchs IP address and subnet mask must be changed to 3.94.247.229 and 255.255.252.0 respectively. The IP address, subnet mask and default gateway can be configured using either EnerVista UR Setup software, the Switchs Secure Web Management (SWM), or through the console port using CLI. 1. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Ethernet Switch > Configure IP menu item to open the Ethernet switch configuration window.
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Enter 3.94.247.229 in the IP Address field and 255.255.252.0 in the Subnet Mask field, then click OK. The software will send the new settings to the D60 and prompt as follows when complete.
3.
Cycle power to the D60 and switch module to activate the new settings.
The D60 allows the settings information for the Ethernet switch module to be saved locally as a settings file. This file contains the advanced configuration details for the switch not contained within the standard D60 settings file. This feature allows the switch module settings to be saved locally before performing firmware upgrades. Saving settings files is also highly recommended before making any change to the module configuration or creating new setting files. The following procedure describes how to save local settings files for the Ethernet switch module. 1. 2. Select the desired device from site tree in the online window. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Ethernet Switch > Ethernet Switch Settings File > Retreive Settings File item from the device settings tree. The system will request the name and destination path for the settings file.
3.
All settings files will be saved as text files and the corresponding file extension automatically assigned. c) UPLOADING ETHERNET SWITCH SETTINGS FILES TO THE MODULE The following procedure describes how to upload local settings files to the Ethernet switch module. It is highly recommended that the current settings are saved to a settings file before uploading a new settings file. It is highly recommended to place the switch offline while transferring setting files to the switch. When transferring settings files from one switch to another, the user must reconfigure the IP address.
NOTE
1. 2.
Select the desired device from site tree in the online window. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Ethernet Switch > Ethernet Switch Settings File > Transfer Settings File item from the device settings tree.
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The system will request the name and destination path for the settings file.
3.
Navigate to the folder containing the Ethernet switch settings file, select the file, then click Open.
The settings file will be transferred to the Ethernet switch and the settings uploaded to the device. 3.4.5 UPLOADING D60 SWITCH MODULE FIRMWARE a) DESCRIPTION This section describes the process for upgrading firmware on a UR-2S or UR-2T switch module. There are several ways of updating firmware on a switch module: Using the EnerVista UR Setup software. Serially using the D60 switch module console port. Using FTP or TFTP through the D60 switch module console port.
It is highly recommended to use the EnerVista UR Setup software to upgrade firmware on a D60 switch module. Firmware upgrades using the serial port, TFTP, and FTP are described in detail in the switch module manual.
NOTE
b) SELECTING THE PROPER SWITCH FIRMWARE VERSION The latest switch module firmware is available as a download from the GE Multilin web site. Use the following procedure to determine the version of firmware currently installed on your switch 1. Log into the switch using the EnerVista web interface. The default switch login ID is manager and the default password is manager.
NOTE
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3.4 MANAGED ETHERNET SWITCH MODULES The firmware version installed on the switch will appear on the lower left corner of the screen.
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2.
Using the EnerVista UR Setup program, select the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Ethernet Switch > Firmware Upload menu item. The following popup screen will appear warning that the settings will be lost when the firmware is upgraded.
It is highly recommended that you save the switch settings before upgrading the firmware.
NOTE
3.
After saving the settings file, proceed with the firmware upload by selecting Yes to the above warning. Another window will open, asking you to point to the location of the firmware file to be uploaded.
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Select the firmware file to be loaded on to the Switch, and select the Open option.
The following window will pop up, indicating that the firmware file transfer is in progress.
If the firmware load was successful, the following window will appear:
Note
The switch will automatically reboot after a successful firmware file transfer.
NOTE
5.
Once the firmware has been successfully uploaded to the switch module, load the settings file using the procedure described earlier.
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The following table provides details about Ethernet module self-test errors.
USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF-TESTS menu Be sure to enable the ETHERNET SWITCH FAIL setting in the PRODUCT SETUP and the relevant PORT 1 EVENTS through PORT 6 EVENTS settings under the PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS ETHERNET SWITCH menu.
3
PORT 1 EVENTS to PORT 6 EVENTS No setting required; the D60 will read the state of a general purpose input/output port on the main CPU upon power-up and create the error if there is a conflict between the input/ output state and the order code. ETHERNET PORT 1 OFFLINE to ETHERNET PORT 6 OFFLINE EQUIPMENT MISMATCH: Card XXX Missing
An active Ethernet port has returned a FAILED status. The D60 has not detected the presence of the Ethernet switch via the bus board.
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The EnerVista UR Setup software provides a graphical user interface (GUI) as one of two human interfaces to a UR device. The alternate human interface is implemented via the devices faceplate keypad and display (refer to the Faceplate interface section in this chapter). The EnerVista UR Setup software provides a single facility to configure, monitor, maintain, and trouble-shoot the operation of relay functions, connected over local or wide area communication networks. It can be used while disconnected (off-line) or connected (on-line) to a UR device. In off-line mode, settings files can be created for eventual downloading to the device. In on-line mode, you can communicate with the device in real-time. The EnerVista UR Setup software, provided with every D60 relay, can be run from any computer supporting Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, ME, and XP. This chapter provides a summary of the basic EnerVista UR Setup software interface features. The EnerVista UR Setup Help File provides details for getting started and using the EnerVista UR Setup software interface. 4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST To start using the EnerVista UR Setup software, a site definition and device definition must first be created. See the EnerVista UR Setup Help File or refer to the Connecting EnerVista UR Setup with the D60 section in Chapter 1 for details. 4.1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP OVERVIEW a) ENGAGING A DEVICE The EnerVista UR Setup software may be used in on-line mode (relay connected) to directly communicate with the D60 relay. Communicating relays are organized and grouped by communication interfaces and into sites. Sites may contain any number of relays selected from the UR-series of relays. b) USING SETTINGS FILES The EnerVista UR Setup software interface supports three ways of handling changes to relay settings: In off-line mode (relay disconnected) to create or edit relay settings files for later download to communicating relays. While connected to a communicating relay to directly modify any relay settings via relay data view windows, and then save the settings to the relay. You can create/edit settings files and then write them to the relay while the interface is connected to the relay.
Settings files are organized on the basis of file names assigned by the user. A settings file contains data pertaining to the following types of relay settings: Device definition Product setup FlexLogic Control elements Inputs/outputs Testing
Factory default values are supplied and can be restored after any changes. The following communications settings are not transferred to the D60 with settings files. Modbus Slave Address Modbus IP Port Number RS485 COM1 Baud Rate RS485 COM1 Parity COM1 Minimum Response Time RS485 COM2 Baud Rate RS485 COM2 Parity
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4.1 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE INTERFACE COM2 Minimum Response Time COM2 Selection RRTD Slave Address RRTD Baud Rate IP Address IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address Ethernet Sub Module Serial Number Network Address NSAP IEC61850 Config GOOSE ConfRev c) CREATING AND EDITING FLEXLOGIC
4 HUMAN INTERFACES
You can create or edit a FlexLogic equation in order to customize the relay. You can subsequently view the automatically generated logic diagram. d) VIEWING ACTUAL VALUES
You can view real-time relay data such as input/output status and measured parameters. e) VIEWING TRIGGERED EVENTS While the interface is in either on-line or off-line mode, you can view and analyze data generated by triggered specified parameters, via one of the following: Event Recorder facility: The event recorder captures contextual data associated with the last 1024 events, listed in chronological order from most recent to oldest. Oscillography facility: The oscillography waveform traces and digital states are used to provide a visual display of power system and relay operation data captured during specific triggered events.
f) FILE SUPPORT Execution: Any EnerVista UR Setup file which is double clicked or opened will launch the application, or provide focus to the already opened application. If the file was a settings file (has a URS extension) which had been removed from the Settings List tree menu, it will be added back to the Settings List tree menu. Drag and Drop: The Site List and Settings List control bar windows are each mutually a drag source and a drop target for device-order-code-compatible files or individual menu items. Also, the Settings List control bar window and any Windows Explorer directory folder are each mutually a file drag source and drop target. New files which are dropped into the Settings List window are added to the tree which is automatically sorted alphabetically with respect to settings file names. Files or individual menu items which are dropped in the selected device menu in the Site List window will automatically be sent to the on-line communicating device. g) FIRMWARE UPGRADES The firmware of a D60 device can be upgraded, locally or remotely, via the EnerVista UR Setup software. The corresponding instructions are provided by the EnerVista UR Setup Help file under the topic Upgrading Firmware. Modbus addresses assigned to firmware modules, features, settings, and corresponding data items (i.e. default values, minimum/maximum values, data type, and item size) may change slightly from version to version of firmware. The addresses are rearranged when new features are added or existing features are enhanced or modified. The EEPROM DATA ERROR message displayed after upgrading/downgrading the firmware is a resettable, self-test message intended to inform users that the Modbus addresses have changed with the upgraded firmware. This message does not signal any problems when appearing after firmware upgrades.
NOTE
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4.1 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4.1.4 ENERVISTA UR SETUP MAIN WINDOW
The EnerVista UR Setup software main window supports the following primary display components: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Title bar which shows the pathname of the active data view. Main window menu bar. Main window tool bar. Site list control bar window. Settings list control bar window. Device data view windows, with common tool bar. Settings file data view windows, with common tool bar. Workspace area with data view tabs. Status bar.
3 10 4
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Setting file templates simplify the configuration and commissioning of multiple relays that protect similar assets. An example of this is a substation that has ten similar feeders protected by ten UR-series F60 relays. In these situations, typically 90% or greater of the settings are identical between all devices. The templates feature allows engineers to configure and test these common settings, then lock them so they are not available to users. For example, these locked down settings can be hidden from view for field engineers, allowing them to quickly identify and concentrate on the specific settings. The remaining settings (typically 10% or less) can be specified as editable and be made available to field engineers installing the devices. These will be settings such as protection element pickup values and CT and VT ratios. The settings template mode allows the user to define which settings will be visible in EnerVista UR Setup. Settings templates can be applied to both settings files (settings file templates) and online devices (online settings templates). The functionality is identical for both purposes. The settings template feature requires that both the EnerVista UR Setup software and the D60 firmware are at versions 5.40 or higher.
NOTE
a) ENABLING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE The settings file template feature is disabled by default. The following procedure describes how to enable the settings template for UR-series settings files. 1. 2. Select a settings file from the offline window of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Right-click on the selected device or settings file and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.
The settings file template is now enabled and the file tree displayed in light blue. The settings file is now in template editing mode. Alternatively, the settings template can also be applied to online settings. The following procedure describes this process. 1. 2. Select an installed device from the online window of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Right-click on the selected device and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.
The software will prompt for a template password. This password is required to use the template feature and must be at least four characters in length. 3. Enter and re-enter the new password, then click OK to continue.
The online settings template is now enabled. The device is now in template editing mode. b) EDITING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE The settings template editing feature allows the user to specify which settings are available for viewing and modification in EnerVista UR Setup. By default, all settings except the FlexLogic equation editor settings are locked. 1. 2. 3. 4. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Edit Template option to place the device in template editing mode. Enter the template password then click OK. Open the relevant settings windows that contain settings to be specified as viewable.
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By default, all settings are specified as locked and displayed against a grey background. The icon on the upper right of the settings window will also indicate that EnerVista UR Setup is in EDIT mode. The following example shows the phase time overcurrent settings window in edit mode.
Figure 42: SETTINGS TEMPLATE VIEW, ALL SETTINGS SPECIFIED AS LOCKED 5. Specify which settings to make viewable by clicking on them. The setting available to view will be displayed against a yellow background as shown below.
Figure 43: SETTINGS TEMPLATE VIEW, TWO SETTINGS SPECIFIED AS EDITABLE 6. 7. Click on Save to save changes to the settings template. Proceed through the settings tree to specify all viewable settings.
c) ADDING PASSWORD PROTECTION TO A TEMPLATE It is highly recommended that templates be saved with password protection to maximize security. The following procedure describes how to add password protection to a settings file template. 1. 2. Select a settings file from the offline window on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Selecting the Template Mode > Password Protect Template option.
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The software will prompt for a template password. This password must be at least four characters in length.
3.
The settings file template is now secured with password protection. When templates are created for online settings, the password is added during the initial template creation step. It does not need to be added after the template is created.
NOTE
Once all necessary settings are specified for viewing, users are able to view the settings template on the online device or settings file. There are two ways to specify the settings view with the settings template feature: Display only those settings available for editing. Display all settings, with settings not available for editing greyed-out.
Use the following procedure to only display settings available for editing. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.
Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to view and edit the settings specified by the template. The effect of applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown below.
Phase time overcurrent window with template applied via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command. The template specifies that only the Pickup and Curve settings be available.
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Figure 44: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE COMMAND
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Viewing the settings in template mode also modifies the settings tree, showing only the settings categories that contain editable settings. The effect of applying the template to a typical settings tree view is shown below.
Typical settings tree view with template applied via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command.
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Figure 45: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE SETTINGS COMMAND Use the following procedure to display settings available for editing and settings locked by the template. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View All Settings option. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.
Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to edit the settings specified by the template, but all settings will be shown. The effect of applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown below.
Phase time overcurrent window with template applied via the Template Mode > View All Settings command. The template specifies that only the Pickup and Curve settings be available.
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Figure 46: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW ALL SETTINGS COMMAND e) REMOVING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE It may be necessary at some point to remove a settings template. Once a template is removed, it cannot be reapplied and it will be necessary to define a new settings template. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Remove Settings Template option. Enter the template password and click OK to continue.
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4.2 EXTENDED ENERVISTA UR SETUP FEATURES 4. Verify one more time that you wish to remove the template by clicking Yes.
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The EnerVista software will remove all template information and all settings will be available. 4.2.2 SECURING AND LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATIONS The UR allows users to secure parts or all of a FlexLogic equation, preventing unauthorized viewing or modification of critical FlexLogic applications. This is accomplished using the settings template feature to lock individual entries within FlexLogic equations. Secured FlexLogic equations will remain secure when files are sent to and retrieved from any UR-series device. a) LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATION ENTRIES
The following procedure describes how to lock individual entries of a FlexLogic equation. 1. 2. Right-click the settings file or online device and select the Template Mode > Create Template item to enable the settings template feature. Select the FlexLogic > FlexLogic Equation Editor settings menu item. By default, all FlexLogic entries are specified as viewable and displayed against a yellow background. The icon on the upper right of the window will also indicate that EnerVista UR Setup is in EDIT mode. 3. Specify which entries to lock by clicking on them. The locked entries will be displayed against a grey background as shown in the example below.
Figure 47: LOCKING FLEXLOGIC ENTRIES IN EDIT MODE 4. 5. 6. Click on Save to save and apply changes to the settings template. Select the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option to view the template. Apply a password to the template then click OK to secure the FlexLogic equation.
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Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to view and edit the FlexLogic entries not locked by the template. The effect of applying the template to the FlexLogic entries in the above procedure is shown below.
Typical FlexLogic entries locked with template via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command.
842861A1.CDR
Figure 48: LOCKING FLEXLOGIC ENTRIES THROUGH SETTING TEMPLATES The FlexLogic entries are also shown as locked in the graphical view (as shown below) and on the front panel display.
Figure 49: SECURED FLEXLOGIC IN GRAPHICAL VIEW b) LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATIONS TO A SERIAL NUMBER A settings file and associated FlexLogic equations can also be locked to a specific UR serial number. Once the desired FlexLogic entries in a settings file have been secured, use the following procedure to lock the settings file to a specific serial number. 1. 2. Select the settings file in the offline window. Right-click on the file and select the Edit Settings File Properties item.
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3.
Enter the serial number of the D60 device to lock to the settings file in the Serial # Lock field.
The settings file and corresponding secure FlexLogic equations are now locked to the D60 device specified by the serial number. 4.2.3 SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY A traceability feature for settings files allows the user to quickly determine if the settings in a D60 device have been changed since the time of installation from a settings file. When a settings file is transfered to a D60 device, the date, time, and serial number of the D60 are sent back to EnerVista UR Setup and added to the settings file on the local PC. This information can be compared with the D60 actual values at any later date to determine if security has been compromised. The traceability information is only included in the settings file if a complete settings file is either transferred to the D60 device or obtained from the D60 device. Any partial settings transfers by way of drag and drop do not add the traceability information to the settings file.
The serial number and last setting change date are stored in the UR-series device.
The serial number of the UR-series device and the file transfer date are added to the settings file when settings files are transferred to the device. Compare transfer dates in the settings file and the UR-series device to determine if security has been compromised.
SERIAL NUMBER AND TRANSFER DATE SENT BACK TO ENERVISTA AND ADDED TO SETTINGS FILE.
842864A1.CDR
Figure 411: SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY MECHANISM With respect to the above diagram, the traceability feature is used as follows.
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The transfer date of a setting file written to a D60 is logged in the relay and can be viewed via EnerVista UR Setup or the front panel display. Likewise, the transfer date of a setting file saved to a local PC is logged in EnerVista UR Setup. Comparing the dates stored in the relay and on the settings file at any time in the future will indicate if any changes have been made to the relay configuration since the settings file was saved.
a) SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY INFORMATION The serial number and file transfer date are saved in the settings files when they sent to an D60 device. The D60 serial number and file transfer date are included in the settings file device definition within the EnerVista UR Setup offline window as shown in the example below.
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Figure 412: DEVICE DEFINITION SHOWING TRACEABILITY DATA This information is also available in printed settings file reports as shown in the example below.
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The D60 serial number and file transfer date are available for an online device through the actual values. Select the Actual Values > Product Info > Model Information menu item within the EnerVista UR Setup online window as shown in the example below.
842865A1.CDR
Figure 414: TRACEABILITY DATA IN ACTUAL VALUES WINDOW This infomormation if also available from the front panel display through the following actual values:
ACTUAL VALUES ACTUAL VALUES PRODUCT INFO PRODUCT INFO MODEL INFORMATION MODEL INFORMATION SERIAL NUMBER LAST SETTING CHANGE
The following additional rules apply for the traceability feature If the user changes any settings within the settings file in the offline window, then the traceability information is removed from the settings file. If the user creates a new settings file, then no traceability information is included in the settings file. If the user converts an existing settings file to another revision, then any existing traceability information is removed from the settings file. If the user duplicates an existing settings file, then any traceability information is transferred to the duplicate settings file.
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The front panel interface is one of two supported interfaces, the other interface being EnerVista UR Setup software. The front panel interface consists of LED panels, an RS232 port, keypad, LCD display, control pushbuttons, and optional userprogrammable pushbuttons. The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules.
Display Keypad
4
Front panel RS232 port
User-programmable pushbuttons 1 to 16
Figure 415: UR-SERIES ENHANCED FACEPLATE b) STANDARD FACEPLATE
842810A1.CDR
The front panel interface is one of two supported interfaces, the other interface being EnerVista UR Setup software. The front panel interface consists of LED panels, an RS232 port, keypad, LCD display, control pushbuttons, and optional userprogrammable pushbuttons. The faceplate is hinged to allow easy access to the removable modules. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over the faceplate which must be removed in order to access the keypad panel. The following figure shows the horizontal arrangement of the faceplate panels.
LED panel 1 LED panel 2 LED panel 3
Display
User-programmable pushbuttons 1 to 12
Keypad
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The following figure shows the vertical arrangement of the faceplate panels for relays ordered with the vertical option.
DISPLAY
MENU
HELP
MESSAGE
ESCAPE
KEYPAD
ENTER
VALUE
+/-
LED PANEL 3
4
STATUS
LED PANEL 2
EVENT CAUSE VOLTAGE CURRENT FREQUENCY OTHER PHASE A PHASE B PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND
LED PANEL 1
Figure 417: UR-SERIES STANDARD VERTICAL FACEPLATE PANELS 4.3.2 LED INDICATORS a) ENHANCED FACEPLATE The enhanced front panel display provides five columns of LED indicators. The first column contains 14 status and event cause LEDs, and the next four columns contain the 48 user-programmable LEDs. The RESET key is used to reset any latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these latched conditions can also be reset via the SETTINGS INPUT/OUTPUTS RESETTING menu). The RS232 port is intended for connection to a portable PC. The USER keys are used by the breaker control feature.
Figure 418: TYPICAL LED INDICATOR PANEL FOR ENHANCED FACEPLATE The status indicators in the first column are described below. IN SERVICE: This LED indicates that control power is applied, all monitored inputs, outputs, and internal systems are OK, and that the device has been programmed.
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4 HUMAN INTERFACES TROUBLE: This LED indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem. TEST MODE: This LED indicates that the relay is in test mode.
TRIP: This LED indicates that the FlexLogic operand serving as a trip switch has operated. This indicator always latches; as such, a reset command must be initiated to allow the latch to be reset. ALARM: This LED indicates that the FlexLogic operand serving as an alarm switch has operated. This indicator is never latched. PICKUP: This LED indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.
The event cause indicators in the first column are described below. Events cause LEDs are turned on or off by protection elements that have their respective target setting selected as either Enabled or Latched. If a protection element target setting is Enabled, then the corresponding event cause LEDs remain on as long as operate operand associated with the element remains asserted. If a protection element target setting is Latched, then the corresponding event cause LEDs turn on when the operate operand associated with the element is asserted and remain on until the RESET button on the front panel is pressed after the operand is reset. All elements that are able to discriminate faulted phases can independently turn off or on the phase A, B or C LEDs. This includes phase instantaneous overcurrent, phase undervoltage, etc. This means that the phase A, B, and C operate operands for individual protection elements are ORed to turn on or off the phase A, B or C LEDs. VOLTAGE: This LED indicates voltage was involved. CURRENT: This LED indicates current was involved. FREQUENCY: This LED indicates frequency was involved. OTHER: This LED indicates a composite function was involved. PHASE A: This LED indicates phase A was involved. PHASE B: This LED indicates phase B was involved. PHASE C: This LED indicates phase C was involved. NEUTRAL/GROUND: This LED indicates that neutral or ground was involved.
The user-programmable LEDs consist of 48 amber LED indicators in four columns. The operation of these LEDs is userdefined. Support for applying a customized label beside every LED is provided. Default labels are shipped in the label package of every D60, together with custom templates. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels. User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used to communicate with operators. Refer to the User-programmable LEDs section in chapter 5 for the settings used to program the operation of the LEDs on these panels. b) STANDARD FACEPLATE The standard faceplate consists of three panels with LED indicators, keys, and a communications port. The RESET key is used to reset any latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these latched conditions can also be reset via the SETTINGS INPUT/OUTPUTS RESETTING menu). The RS232 port is intended for connection to a portable PC. The USER keys are used by the breaker control feature.
STATUS
EVENT CAUSE VOLTAGE CURRENT FREQUENCY OTHER PHASE A PHASE B PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND
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IN SERVICE: Indicates that control power is applied; all monitored inputs/outputs and internal systems are OK; the relay has been programmed. TROUBLE: Indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem. TEST MODE: Indicates that the relay is in test mode. TRIP: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic operand serving as a Trip switch has operated. This indicator always latches; the reset command must be initiated to allow the latch to be reset. ALARM: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic operand serving as an Alarm switch has operated. This indicator is never latched. PICKUP: Indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.
EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS: Events cause LEDs are turned on or off by protection elements that have their respective target setting selected as either Enabled or Latched. If a protection element target setting is Enabled, then the corresponding event cause LEDs remain on as long as operate operand associated with the element remains asserted. If a protection element target setting is Latched, then the corresponding event cause LEDs turn on when the operate operand associated with the element is asserted and remain on until the RESET button on the front panel is pressed after the operand is reset. All elements that are able to discriminate faulted phases can independently turn off or on the phase A, B or C LEDs. This includes phase instantaneous overcurrent, phase undervoltage, etc. This means that the phase A, B, and C operate operands for individual protection elements are ORed to turn on or off the phase A, B or C LEDs. VOLTAGE: Indicates voltage was involved. CURRENT: Indicates current was involved. FREQUENCY: Indicates frequency was involved. OTHER: Indicates a composite function was involved. PHASE A: Indicates phase A was involved. PHASE B: Indicates phase B was involved. PHASE C: Indicates phase C was involved. NEUTRAL/GROUND: Indicates that neutral or ground was involved.
USER-PROGRAMMABLE INDICATORS: The second and third provide 48 amber LED indicators whose operation is controlled by the user. Support for applying a customized label beside every LED is provided. User customization of LED operation is of maximum benefit in installations where languages other than English are used to communicate with operators. Refer to the User-programmable LEDs section in chapter 5 for the settings used to program the operation of the LEDs on these panels.
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
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Figure 420: LED PANELS 2 AND 3 (INDEX TEMPLATE) DEFAULT LABELS FOR LED PANEL 2: The default labels are intended to represent:
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4 HUMAN INTERFACES GROUP 1...6: The illuminated GROUP is the active settings group. BREAKER 1(2) OPEN: The breaker is open. BREAKER 1(2) CLOSED: The breaker is closed. BREAKER 1(2) TROUBLE: A problem related to the breaker has been detected.
SYNCHROCHECK NO1(2) IN-SYNCH: Voltages have satisfied the synchrocheck element. RECLOSE ENABLED: The recloser is operational. RECLOSE DISABLED: The recloser is not operational. RECLOSE IN PROGRESS: A reclose operation is in progress. RECLOSE LOCKED OUT: The recloser is not operational and requires a reset. Firmware revisions 2.9x and earlier support eight user setting groups; revisions 3.0x and higher support six setting groups. For convenience of users using earlier firmware revisions, the relay panel shows eight setting groups. Please note that the LEDs, despite their default labels, are fully user-programmable.
NOTE
The relay is shipped with the default label for the LED panel 2. The LEDs, however, are not pre-programmed. To match the pre-printed label, the LED settings must be entered as shown in the User-programmable LEDs section of chapter 5. The LEDs are fully user-programmable. The default labels can be replaced by user-printed labels for both panels as explained in the following section.
842784A1.CDR
Figure 421: LED PANEL 2 (DEFAULT LABELS) 4.3.3 CUSTOM LABELING OF LEDS a) ENHANCED FACEPLATE The following procedure requires the pre-requisites listed below. EnerVista UR Setup software is installed and operational. The D60 settings have been saved to a settings file. The D60 front panel label cutout sheet (GE Multilin part number 1006-0047) has been downloaded from http:// www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/support/ur and printed. Small-bladed knife.
This procedure describes how to create custom LED labels for the enhanced front panel display. 1. Start the EnerVista UR Setup software.
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Select the Front Panel Report item at the bottom of the menu tree for the settings file. The front panel report window will be displayed.
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Figure 422: FRONT PANEL REPORT WINDOW 3. 4. 5. 6. Enter the text to appear next to each LED and above each user-programmable pushbuttons in the fields provided. Feed the D60 front panel label cutout sheet into a printer and press the Print button in the front panel report window. When printing is complete, fold the sheet along the perforated lines and punch out the labels. Remove the D60 label insert tool from the package and bend the tabs as described in the following procedures. These tabs will be used for removal of the default and custom LED labels. It is important that the tool be used EXACTLY as shown below, with the printed side containing the GE part number facing the user.
NOTE
The label package shipped with every D60 contains the three default labels shown below, the custom label template sheet, and the label removal tool. If the default labels are suitable for your application, insert them in the appropriate slots and program the LEDs to match them. If you require custom labels, follow the procedures below to remove the original labels and insert the new ones. The following procedure describes how to setup and use the label removal tool. 1. Bend the tabs at the left end of the tool upwards as shown below.
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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 2. Bend the tab at the center of the tool tail as shown below.
The following procedure describes how to remove the LED labels from the D60 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels. 1. Use the knife to lift the LED label and slide the label tool underneath. Make sure the bent tabs are pointing away from the relay.
2.
Slide the label tool under the LED label until the tabs snap out as shown below. This will attach the label tool to the LED label.
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4.3 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 3. Remove the tool and attached LED label as shown below.
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4.
Slide the new LED label inside the pocket until the text is properly aligned with the LEDs, as shown below.
The following procedure describes how to remove the user-programmable pushbutton labels from the D60 enhanced front panel and insert the custom labels. 1. Use the knife to lift the pushbutton label and slide the tail of the label tool underneath, as shown below. Make sure the bent tab is pointing away from the relay.
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Slide the label tool under the user-programmable pushbutton label until the tabs snap out as shown below. This will attach the label tool to the user-programmable pushbutton label.
3.
Remove the tool and attached user-programmable pushbutton label as shown below.
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Slide the new user-programmable pushbutton label inside the pocket until the text is properly aligned with the buttons, as shown below.
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b) STANDARD FACEPLATE Custom labeling of an LED-only panel is facilitated through a Microsoft Word file available from the following URL: http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin/support/ur/ This file provides templates and instructions for creating appropriate labeling for the LED panel. The following procedures are contained in the downloadable file. The panel templates provide relative LED locations and located example text (x) edit boxes. The following procedure demonstrates how to install/uninstall the custom panel labeling. 1. Remove the clear Lexan Front Cover (GE Multilin part number: 1501-0014).
F60
2.
Pop out the LED module and/or the blank module with a screwdriver as shown below. Be careful not to damage the plastic covers.
( LED MODULE )
( BLANK MODULE )
F60
842722A1.CDR
3. 4.
Place the left side of the customized module back to the front panel frame, then snap back the right side. Put the clear Lexan front cover back into place.
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4 HUMAN INTERFACES The following items are required to customize the D60 display module: Black and white or color printer (color preferred). Microsoft Word 97 or later software for editing the template.
1 each of: 8.5" x 11" white paper, exacto knife, ruler, custom display module (GE Multilin Part Number: 1516-0069), and a custom module cover (GE Multilin Part Number: 1502-0015).
The following procedure describes how to customize the D60 display module: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Open the LED panel customization template with Microsoft Word. Add text in places of the LED x text placeholders on the template(s). Delete unused place holders as required. When complete, save the Word file to your local PC for future use. Print the template(s) to a local printer. From the printout, cut-out the Background Template from the three windows, using the cropmarks as a guide. Put the Background Template on top of the custom display module (GE Multilin Part Number: 1513-0069) and snap the clear custom module cover (GE Multilin Part Number: 1502-0015) over it and the templates. 4.3.4 DISPLAY All messages are displayed on a 2 20 backlit liquid crystal display (LCD) to make them visible under poor lighting conditions. Messages are descriptive and should not require the aid of an instruction manual for deciphering. While the keypad and display are not actively being used, the display will default to user-defined messages. Any high priority event driven message will automatically override the default message and appear on the display. 4.3.5 KEYPAD Display messages are organized into pages under the following headings: actual values, settings, commands, and targets. The MENU key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is broken down further into logical subgroups. The MESSAGE keys navigate through the subgroups. The VALUE keys scroll increment or decrement numerical setting values when in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit mode. Alternatively, values may also be entered with the numeric keypad. The decimal key initiates and advance to the next character in text edit mode or enters a decimal point. The HELP key may be pressed at any time for context sensitive help messages. The ENTER key stores altered setting values. 4.3.6 BREAKER CONTROL a) INTRODUCTION The D60 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker, which can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually initiated from faceplate keypad or automatically initiated from a FlexLogic operand. A setting is provided to assign names to each breaker; this user-assigned name is used for the display of related flash messages. These features are provided for two breakers; the user may use only those portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be breaker 1. For the following discussion it is assumed the SETTINGS FUNCTION setting is "Enabled" for each breaker. b) CONTROL MODE SELECTION AND MONITORING Installations may require that a breaker is operated in the three-pole only mode (3-pole), or in the one and three-pole (1pole) mode, selected by setting. If the mode is selected as three-pole, a single input tracks the breaker open or closed position. If the mode is selected as one-pole, all three breaker pole states must be input to the relay. These inputs must be in agreement to indicate the position of the breaker.
SYSTEM SETUP For the following discussion it is assumed the SETTINGS 1(2) PUSH BUTTON CONTROL setting is Enabled for each breaker. BREAKERS BREAKER 1(2) BREAKER SYSTEM SETUP BREAKERS BREAKER 1(2) BREAKER
The D60 has features required for single-pole operation. Inputs that trip individual breaker poles and cause a breaker reclose are passed directly to this element.
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After the 30 minute interval during which command functions are permitted after a correct command password, the user cannot open or close a breaker via the keypad. The following discussions begin from the not-permitted state. d) CONTROL OF TWO BREAKERS For the following example setup, the (Name) field represents the user-programmed variable name. For this application (setup shown below), the relay is connected and programmed for both breaker 1 and breaker 2. The USER 1 key performs the selection of which breaker is to be operated by the USER 2 and USER 3 keys. The USER 2 key is used to manually close the breaker and the USER 3 key is used to manually open the breaker. ENTER COMMAND PASSWORD This message appears when the USER 1, USER 2, or USER 3 key is pressed and a is required; i.e. if COMMAND PASSWORD is enabled and no commands have been issued within the last 30 minutes.
COMMAND PASSWORD
This message appears if the correct password is entered or if none is required. This message will be maintained for 30 seconds or until the USER 1 key is pressed again. This message is displayed after the USER 1 key is pressed for the second time. Three possible actions can be performed from this state within 30 seconds as per items (1), (2) and (3) below: If the USER 2 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 2 key is pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to close breaker 1. If the USER 3 key is pressed, this message appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 3 key is pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to open breaker 1. If the USER 1 key is pressed at this step, this message appears showing that a different breaker is selected. Three possible actions can be performed from this state as per (1), (2) and (3). Repeatedly pressing the USER 1 key alternates between available breakers. Pressing keys other than USER 1, 2 or 3 at any time aborts the breaker control function.
e) CONTROL OF ONE BREAKER For this application the relay is connected and programmed for breaker 1 only. Operation for this application is identical to that described above for two breakers. 4.3.7 MENUS a) NAVIGATION Press the MENU key to select the desired header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily followed by a header display page menu item. Each press of the MENU key advances through the following main heading pages: Actual values. Settings. Commands. Targets. User displays (when enabled).
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The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double scroll bar characters ( ), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters ( ). The header display pages represent the highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE UP and DOWN keys move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the MESSAGE RIGHT key from a header display displays specific information for the header category. Conversely, continually pressing the MESSAGE LEFT key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.
HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)
PASSWORD SECURITY
SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP c) EXAMPLE MENU NAVIGATION ACTUAL VALUES STATUS Press the MENU key until the header for the first Actual Values page appears. This page contains system and relay status information. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE keys to display the other actual value headers. Press the MENU key until the header for the first page of Settings appears. This page contains settings to configure the relay.
Press the MESSAGE DOWN key to move to the next Settings page. This page contains settings for System Setup. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE UP and DOWN keys to display the other setting headers and then back to the first Settings page header. From the Settings page one header (Product Setup), press the MESSAGE RIGHT key once to display the first sub-header (Password Security). Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key once more and this will display the first setting for Password Security. Pressing the MESSAGE DOWN key repeatedly will display the remaining setting messages for this sub-header. Press the MESSAGE LEFT key once to move back to the first sub-header message.
PASSWORD SECURITY ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted PASSWORD SECURITY DISPLAY PROPERTIES FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: 25%
Pressing the MESSAGE DOWN key will display the second setting sub-header associated with the Product Setup header. Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key once more and this will display the first setting for Display Properties. To view the remaining settings associated with the Display Properties subheader, repeatedly press the MESSAGE DOWN key. The last message appears as shown.
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a) ENTERING NUMERICAL DATA Each numerical setting has its own minimum, maximum, and increment value associated with it. These parameters define what values are acceptable for a setting. FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s MINIMUM: MAXIMUM: 0.5 10.0 For example, select the SETTINGS setting.
PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES FLASH
MESSAGE TIME
Press the HELP key to view the minimum and maximum values. Press the HELP key again to view the next context sensitive help message.
Two methods of editing and storing a numerical setting value are available. 0 to 9 and decimal point: The relay numeric keypad works the same as that of any electronic calculator. A number is entered one digit at a time. The leftmost digit is entered first and the rightmost digit is entered last. Pressing the MESSAGE LEFT key or pressing the ESCAPE key, returns the original value to the display. VALUE keys: The VALUE UP key increments the displayed value by the step value, up to the maximum value allowed. While at the maximum value, pressing the VALUE UP key again will allow the setting selection to continue upward from the minimum value. The VALUE DOWN key decrements the displayed value by the step value, down to the minimum value. While at the minimum value, pressing the VALUE DOWN key again will allow the setting selection to continue downward from the maximum value. As an example, set the flash message time setting to 2.5 seconds. Press the appropriate numeric keys in the sequence 2 . 5". The display message will change as the digits are being entered. Until ENTER is pressed, editing changes are not registered by the relay. Therefore, press ENTER to store the new value in memory. This flash message will momentarily appear as confirmation of the storing process. Numerical values which contain decimal places will be rounded-off if more decimal place digits are entered than specified by the step value.
b) ENTERING ENUMERATION DATA Enumeration settings have data values which are part of a set, whose members are explicitly defined by a name. A set is comprised of two or more members. ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted For example, the selections available for ACCESS LEVEL are "Restricted", "Command", "Setting", and "Factory Service".
Enumeration type values are changed using the VALUE keys. The VALUE UP key displays the next selection while the VALUE DOWN key displays the previous selection. ACCESS LEVEL: Setting NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED If the ACCESS LEVEL needs to be "Setting", press the VALUE keys until the proper selection is displayed. Press HELP at any time for the context sensitive help messages. Changes are not registered by the relay until the ENTER key is pressed. Pressing ENTER stores the new value in memory. This flash message momentarily appears as confirmation of the storing process.
c) ENTERING ALPHANUMERIC TEXT Text settings have data values which are fixed in length, but user-defined in character. They may be comprised of upper case letters, lower case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters.
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There are several places where text messages may be programmed to allow the relay to be customized for specific applications. One example is the Message Scratchpad. Use the following procedure to enter alphanumeric text messages. For example: to enter the text, Breaker #1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Press the decimal to enter text edit mode. Press the VALUE keys until the character 'B' appears; press the decimal key to advance the cursor to the next position. Repeat step 2 for the remaining characters: r,e,a,k,e,r, ,#,1. Press ENTER to store the text. If you have any problem, press HELP to view context sensitive help. Flash messages will sequentially appear for several seconds each. For the case of a text setting message, pressing HELP displays how to edit and store new values.
d) ACTIVATING THE RELAY RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed When the relay is powered up, the Trouble LED will be on, the In Service LED off, and this message displayed, indicating the relay is in the "Not Programmed" state and is safeguarding (output relays blocked) against the installation of a relay whose settings have not been entered. This message remains until the relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.
To change the RELAY SETTINGS: "Not Programmed" mode to "Programmed", proceed as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. Press the MENU key until the SETTINGS header flashes momentarily and the PRODUCT SETUP message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key until the PASSWORD SECURITY message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE DOWN key until the INSTALLATION message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key until the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message is displayed. SETTINGS
INSTALLATION
5. 6.
After the RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed message appears on the display, press the VALUE keys change the selection to "Programmed". Press the ENTER key. RELAY SETTINGS: Programmed NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED
When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay will be in "Programmed" state and the In Service LED will turn on.
e) ENTERING INITIAL PASSWORDS The D60 supports password entry from a local or remote connection.
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Local access is defined as any access to settings or commands via the faceplate interface. This includes both keypad entry and the faceplate RS232 connection. Remote access is defined as any access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any changes to the local or remote passwords enables this functionality. To enter the initial setting (or command) password, proceed as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. Press the MENU key until the SETTINGS header flashes momentarily and the PRODUCT SETUP message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key until the ACCESS LEVEL message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE DOWN key until the CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS message appears on the display. Press the MESSAGE RIGHT key until the CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD or CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD message appears on the display. PASSWORD SECURITY ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD: No CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No ENCRYPTED COMMAND PASSWORD: --------ENCRYPTED SETTING PASSWORD: --------5. 6. 7. 8. After the CHANGE...PASSWORD message appears on the display, press the VALUE UP or DOWN key to change the selection to Yes. Press the ENTER key and the display will prompt you to ENTER NEW PASSWORD. Type in a numerical password (up to 10 characters) and press the ENTER key. When the VERIFY NEW PASSWORD is displayed, re-type in the same password and press ENTER. CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: Yes ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ########## VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ########## NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED 9. When the NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED message appears, your new Setting (or Command) Password will be active.
f) CHANGING EXISTING PASSWORD To change an existing password, follow the instructions in the previous section with the following exception. A message will prompt you to type in the existing password (for each security level) before a new password can be entered. In the event that a password has been lost (forgotten), submit the corresponding encrypted password from the PASSWORD SECURITY menu to the Factory for decoding. g) INVALID PASSWORD ENTRY In the event that an incorrect Command or Setting password has been entered via the faceplate interface three times within a three-minute time span, the LOCAL ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand will be set to On and the D60 will not allow Settings or Command access via the faceplate interface for the next ten minutes. The TOO MANY ATTEMPTS BLOCKED
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FOR 10 MIN! flash message will appear upon activation of the ten minute timeout or any other time a user attempts any change to the defined tier during the ten minute timeout. The LOCAL ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand will be set to
Off after the expiration of the ten-minute timeout. In the event that an incorrect Command or Setting password has been entered via the any external communications interface three times within a three-minute time span, the REMOTE ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand will be set to On and the D60 will not allow Settings or Command access via the any external communications interface for the next ten minutes. The REMOTE ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operand will be set to Off after the expiration of the ten-minute timeout.
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SECURITY DISPLAY PROPERTIES CLEAR RELAY RECORDS COMMUNICATIONS MODBUS USER MAP REAL TIME CLOCK FAULT REPORTS OSCILLOGRAPHY DATA LOGGER USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF TESTS CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS FLEX STATE PARAMETERS USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS DIRECT I/O TELEPROTECTION INSTALLATION
See page 5-8. See page 5-12. See page 5-14. See page 5-15. See page 5-34. See page 5-35. See page 5-36. See page 5-38. See page 5-40. See page 5-41. See page 5-44. See page 5-45. See page 5-47. See page 5-52. See page 5-53. See page 5-55. See page 5-63. See page 5-63.
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5.1 OVERVIEW BREAKERS SWITCHES FLEXCURVES PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR FLEXLOGIC TIMERS FLEXELEMENTS NON-VOLATILE LATCHES
5 SETTINGS
See page 5-71. See page 5-75. See page 5-78. See page 5-85.
See page 5-118. See page 5-118. See page 5-119. See page 5-123.
SETTING GROUP 6
TRIP BUS SETTING GROUPS SELECTOR SWITCH TRIP OUTPUT SYNCHROCHECK AUTORECLOSE DIGITAL ELEMENTS DIGITAL COUNTERS MONITORING ELEMENTS
See page 5-206. See page 5-208. See page 5-209. See page 5-215. See page 5-221. See page 5-225. See page 5-237. See page 5-240. See page 5-242.
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CONTACT INPUTS VIRTUAL INPUTS CONTACT OUTPUTS VIRTUAL OUTPUTS REMOTE DEVICES REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE DPS INPUTS REMOTE OUTPUTS DNA BIT PAIRS REMOTE OUTPUTS UserSt BIT PAIRS RESETTING DIRECT INPUTS DIRECT OUTPUTS TELEPROTECTION IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS IEC 61850 GOOSE UINTEGERS
See page 5-275. See page 5-277. See page 5-278. See page 5-280. See page 5-281. See page 5-282. See page 5-283. See page 5-283. See page 5-284. See page 5-284. See page 5-285. See page 5-285. See page 5-288. See page 5-290. See page 5-291.
SETTINGS TESTING
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5.1 OVERVIEW FORCE CONTACT INPUTS FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS PMU TEST VALUES
5 SETTINGS
5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS In the design of UR relays, the term element is used to describe a feature that is based around a comparator. The comparator is provided with an input (or set of inputs) that is tested against a programmed setting (or group of settings) to determine if the input is within the defined range that will set the output to logic 1, also referred to as setting the flag. A single comparator may make multiple tests and provide multiple outputs; for example, the time overcurrent comparator sets a pickup flag when the current input is above the setting and sets an operate flag when the input current has been at a level above the pickup setting for the time specified by the time-current curve settings. All comparators use analog parameter actual values as the input. The exception to the above rule are the digital elements, which use logic states as inputs.
NOTE
Elements are arranged into two classes, grouped and control. Each element classed as a grouped element is provided with six alternate sets of settings, in setting groups numbered 1 through 6. The performance of a grouped element is defined by the setting group that is active at a given time. The performance of a control element is independent of the selected active setting group. The main characteristics of an element are shown on the element logic diagram. This includes the inputs, settings, fixed logic, and the output operands generated (abbreviations used on scheme logic diagrams are defined in Appendix F). Some settings for current and voltage elements are specified in per-unit (pu) calculated quantities: pu quantity = (actual quantity) / (base quantity) For current elements, the base quantity is the nominal secondary or primary current of the CT. Where the current source is the sum of two CTs with different ratios, the base quantity will be the common secondary or primary current to which the sum is scaled (that is, normalized to the larger of the two rated CT inputs). For example, if CT1 = 300 / 5 A and CT2 = 100 / 5 A, then in order to sum these, CT2 is scaled to the CT1 ratio. In this case, the base quantity will be 5 A secondary or 300 A primary. For voltage elements the base quantity is the nominal primary voltage of the protected system which corresponds (based on VT ratio and connection) to secondary VT voltage applied to the relay. For example, on a system with a 13.8 kV nominal primary voltage and with 14400:120 V delta-connected VTs, the secondary nominal voltage (1 pu) would be: 13800 --------------- 120 = 115 V 14400 For Wye-connected VTs, the secondary nominal voltage (1 pu) would be: 13800 120 --------------- --------- = 66.4 V 14400 3 Many settings are common to most elements and are discussed below: FUNCTION setting: This setting programs the element to be operational when selected as Enabled. The factory default is Disabled. Once programmed to Enabled, any element associated with the function becomes active and all options become available. NAME setting: This setting is used to uniquely identify the element. SOURCE setting: This setting is used to select the parameter or set of parameters to be monitored.
(EQ 5.2) (EQ 5.1)
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5.1 OVERVIEW
PICKUP setting: For simple elements, this setting is used to program the level of the measured parameter above or below which the pickup state is established. In more complex elements, a set of settings may be provided to define the range of the measured parameters which will cause the element to pickup. PICKUP DELAY setting: This setting sets a time-delay-on-pickup, or on-delay, for the duration between the pickup and operate output states. RESET DELAY setting: This setting is used to set a time-delay-on-dropout, or off-delay, for the duration between the Operate output state and the return to logic 0 after the input transits outside the defined pickup range. BLOCK setting: The default output operand state of all comparators is a logic 0 or flag not set. The comparator remains in this default state until a logic 1 is asserted at the RUN input, allowing the test to be performed. If the RUN input changes to logic 0 at any time, the comparator returns to the default state. The RUN input is used to supervise the comparator. The BLOCK input is used as one of the inputs to RUN control. TARGET setting: This setting is used to define the operation of an element target message. When set to Disabled, no target message or illumination of a faceplate LED indicator is issued upon operation of the element. When set to SelfReset, the target message and LED indication follow the Operate state of the element, and self-resets once the operate element condition clears. When set to Latched, the target message and LED indication will remain visible after the element output returns to logic 0 - until a RESET command is received by the relay. EVENTS setting: This setting is used to control whether the Pickup, Dropout or Operate states are recorded by the event recorder. When set to Disabled, element pickup, dropout or operate are not recorded as events. When set to Enabled, events are created for: (Element) PKP (pickup) (Element) DPO (dropout) (Element) OP (operate) The DPO event is created when the measure and decide comparator output transits from the pickup state (logic 1) to the dropout state (logic 0). This could happen when the element is in the operate state if the reset delay time is not 0. 5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES
a) BACKGROUND The D60 may be used on systems with breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations. In these applications, each of the two three-phase sets of individual phase currents (one associated with each breaker) can be used as an input to a breaker failure element. The sum of both breaker phase currents and 3I_0 residual currents may be required for the circuit relaying and metering functions. For a three-winding transformer application, it may be required to calculate watts and vars for each of three windings, using voltage from different sets of VTs. These requirements can be satisfied with a single UR, equipped with sufficient CT and VT input channels, by selecting the parameter to measure. A mechanism is provided to specify the AC parameter (or group of parameters) used as the input to protection/control comparators and some metering elements. Selection of the parameter(s) to measure is partially performed by the design of a measuring element or protection/control comparator by identifying the type of parameter (fundamental frequency phasor, harmonic phasor, symmetrical component, total waveform RMS magnitude, phase-phase or phase-ground voltage, etc.) to measure. The user completes the process by selecting the instrument transformer input channels to use and some of the parameters calculated from these channels. The input parameters available include the summation of currents from multiple input channels. For the summed currents of phase, 3I_0, and ground current, current from CTs with different ratios are adjusted to a single ratio before summation. A mechanism called a Source configures the routing of CT and VT input channels to measurement sub-systems. Sources, in the context of UR series relays, refer to the logical grouping of current and voltage signals such that one source contains all the signals required to measure the load or fault in a particular power apparatus. A given source may contain all or some of the following signals: three-phase currents, single-phase ground current, three-phase voltages and an auxiliary voltage from a single VT for checking for synchronism. To illustrate the concept of Sources, as applied to current inputs only, consider the breaker-and-a-half scheme below. In this application, the current flows as shown by the arrows. Some current flows through the upper bus bar to some other location or power equipment, and some current flows into transformer Winding 1. The current into Winding 1 is the phasor sum (or difference) of the currents in CT1 and CT2 (whether the sum or difference is used depends on the relative polarity of the CT connections). The same considerations apply to transformer Winding 2. The protection elements require access to the net current for transformer protection, but some elements may need access to the individual currents from CT1 and CT2.
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5.1 OVERVIEW
5 SETTINGS
CT1
through current
CT2
Winding 1 current
UR-series relay
Winding 1
Power transformer
Winding 2
CT3
CT4
827791A3.CDR
Figure 51: BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME In conventional analog or electronic relays, the sum of the currents is obtained from an appropriate external connection of all CTs through which any portion of the current for the element being protected could flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the UR series of relays, provisions have been included for all the current signals to be brought to the UR device where grouping, ratio correction and summation are applied internally via configuration settings. A major advantage of using internal summation is that the individual currents are available to the protection device; for example, as additional information to calculate a restraint current, or to allow the provision of additional protection features that operate on the individual currents such as breaker failure. Given the flexibility of this approach, it becomes necessary to add configuration settings to the platform to allow the user to select which sets of CT inputs will be added to form the net current into the protected device. The internal grouping of current and voltage signals forms an internal source. This source can be given a specific name through the settings, and becomes available to protection and metering elements in the UR platform. Individual names can be given to each source to help identify them more clearly for later use. For example, in the scheme shown in the above diagram, the configures one Source to be the sum of CT1 and CT2 and can name this Source as Wdg 1 Current. Once the sources have been configured, the user has them available as selections for the choice of input signal for the protection elements and as metered quantities. b) CT/VT MODULE CONFIGURATION CT and VT input channels are contained in CT/VT modules. The type of input channel can be phase/neutral/other voltage, phase/ground current, or sensitive ground current. The CT/VT modules calculate total waveform RMS levels, fundamental frequency phasors, symmetrical components and harmonics for voltage or current, as allowed by the hardware in each channel. These modules may calculate other parameters as directed by the CPU module. A CT/VT module contains up to eight input channels, numbered 1 through 8. The channel numbering corresponds to the module terminal numbering 1 through 8 and is arranged as follows: Channels 1, 2, 3 and 4 are always provided as a group, hereafter called a bank, and all four are either current or voltage, as are channels 5, 6, 7 and 8. Channels 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6, 7 are arranged as phase A, B and C respectively. Channels 4 and 8 are either another current or voltage. Banks are ordered sequentially from the block of lower-numbered channels to the block of higher-numbered channels, and from the CT/VT module with the lowest slot position letter to the module with the highest slot position letter, as follows:
INCREASING SLOT POSITION LETTER --> CT/VT MODULE 1 < bank 1 > < bank 2 > CT/VT MODULE 2 < bank 3 > < bank 4 > CT/VT MODULE 3 < bank 5 > < bank 6 >
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5.1 OVERVIEW
The UR platform allows for a maximum of three sets of three-phase voltages and six sets of three-phase currents. The result of these restrictions leads to the maximum number of CT/VT modules in a chassis to three. The maximum number of sources is six. A summary of CT/VT module configurations is shown below.
ITEM CT/VT Module CT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 ground channel) VT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 auxiliary channel) MAXIMUM NUMBER 2 4 2
c) CT/VT INPUT CHANNEL CONFIGURATION Upon relay startup, configuration settings for every bank of current or voltage input channels in the relay are automatically generated from the order code. Within each bank, a channel identification label is automatically assigned to each bank of channels in a given product. The bank naming convention is based on the physical location of the channels, required by the user to know how to connect the relay to external circuits. Bank identification consists of the letter designation of the slot in which the CT/VT module is mounted as the first character, followed by numbers indicating the channel, either 1 or 5. For three-phase channel sets, the number of the lowest numbered channel identifies the set. For example, F1 represents the three-phase channel set of F1/F2/F3, where F is the slot letter and 1 is the first channel of the set of three channels. Upon startup, the CPU configures the settings required to characterize the current and voltage inputs, and will display them in the appropriate section in the sequence of the banks (as described above) as follows for a maximum configuration: F1, F5, M1, M5, U1, and U5. The above section explains how the input channels are identified and configured to the specific application instrument transformers and the connections of these transformers. The specific parameters to be used by each measuring element and comparator, and some actual values are controlled by selecting a specific source. The source is a group of current and voltage input channels selected by the user to facilitate this selection. With this mechanism, a user does not have to make multiple selections of voltage and current for those elements that need both parameters, such as a distance element or a watt calculation. It also gathers associated parameters for display purposes. The basic idea of arranging a source is to select a point on the power system where information is of interest. An application example of the grouping of parameters in a source is a transformer winding, on which a three phase voltage is measured, and the sum of the currents from CTs on each of two breakers is required to measure the winding current flow.
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SECURITY
Range: Restricted, Command, Setting, Factory Service (for factory use only)
CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS ACCESS SUPERVISION DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS PASSWORD ACCESS EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Two levels of password security are provided via the ACCESS LEVEL setting: command and setting. The factory service level is not available and intended for factory use only. The following operations are under command password supervision: Operating the breakers via faceplate keypad. Changing the state of virtual inputs. Clearing the event records. Clearing the oscillography records. Clearing fault reports. Changing the date and time. Clearing the breaker arcing current. Clearing the data logger. Clearing the user-programmable pushbutton states.
The following operations are under setting password supervision: Changing any setting. Test mode operation.
The command and setting passwords are defaulted to 0 when the relay is shipped from the factory. When a password is set to 0, the password security feature is disabled. The D60 supports password entry from a local or remote connection. Local access is defined as any access to settings or commands via the faceplate interface. This includes both keypad entry and the through the faceplate RS232 port. Remote access is defined as any access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any changes to the local or remote passwords enables this functionality. When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the corresponding connection password. If the connection is to the back of the D60, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used. The PASSWORD ACCESS EVENTS settings allows recording of password access events in the event recorder. The local setting and command sessions are initiated by the user through the front panel display and are disabled either by the user or by timeout (via the setting and command level access timeout settings). The remote setting and command sessions are initiated by the user through the EnerVista UR Setup software and are disabled either by the user or by timeout.
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The state of the session (local or remote, setting or command) determines the state of the following FlexLogic operands. ACCESS LOC SETG OFF: Asserted when local setting access is disabled. ACCESS LOC SETG ON: Asserted when local setting access is enabled. ACCESS LOC CMND OFF: Asserted when local command access is disabled. ACCESS LOC CMND ON: Asserted when local command access is enabled. ACCESS REM SETG OFF: Asserted when remote setting access is disabled. ACCESS REM SETG ON: Asserted when remote setting access is enabled. ACCESS REM CMND OFF: Asserted when remote command access is disabled. ACCESS REM CMND ON: Asserted when remote command access is enabled.
The appropriate events are also logged in the Event Recorder as well. The FlexLogic operands and events are updated every five seconds. A command or setting write operation is required to update the state of all the remote and local security operands shown above.
NOTE
b) LOCAL PASSWORDS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS Range: No, Yes
CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD: No CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No ENCRYPTED COMMAND PASSWORD: ---------ENCRYPTED SETTING PASSWORD: ----------
MESSAGE
Range: 0 to 9999999999 Note: ---------- indicates no password Range: 0 to 9999999999 Note: ---------- indicates no password
MESSAGE
Proper password codes are required to enable each access level. A password consists of 1 to 10 numerical characters. When a CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD or CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD setting is programmed to Yes via the front panel interface, the following message sequence is invoked: 1. 2. 3. ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ____________. VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ____________. NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED.
To gain write access to a Restricted setting, program the ACCESS LEVEL setting in the main security menu to Setting and then change the setting, or attempt to change the setting and follow the prompt to enter the programmed password. If the password is correctly entered, access will be allowed. Accessibility automatically reverts to the Restricted level according to the access level timeout setting values. If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD. If the setting and command passwords are identical, then this one password allows access to both commands and settings.
NOTE
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5 SETTINGS
The remote password settings are only visible from a remote connection via the EnerVista UR Setup software. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Password Security menu item to open the remote password settings window.
Figure 52: REMOTE PASSWORD SETTINGS WINDOW Proper passwords are required to enable each command or setting level access. A command or setting password consists of 1 to 10 numerical characters and are initially programmed to 0. The following procedure describes how the set the command or setting password. 1. 2. 3. 4. Enter the new password in the Enter New Password field. Re-enter the password in the Confirm New Password field. Click the Change button. This button will not be active until the new password matches the confirmation password. If the original password is not 0, then enter the original password in the Enter Password field and click the Send Password to Device button.
5.
The new password is accepted and a value is assigned to the ENCRYPTED PASSWORD item.
If a command or setting password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding Encrypted Password value. d) ACCESS SUPERVISION
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY ACCESS SUPERVISION
ACCESS SUPERVISION
MESSAGE
ACCESS LEVEL TIMEOUTS INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT: 3 PASSWORD LOCKOUT DURATION: 5 min
Range: 2 to 5 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
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INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT: This setting specifies the number of times an incorrect password can be entered within a three-minute time span before lockout occurs. When lockout occurs, the LOCAL ACCESS DENIED and REMOTE ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operands are set to On. These operands are returned to the Off state upon expiration of the lockout. PASSWORD LOCKOUT DURATION: This setting specifies the time that the D60 will lockout password access after the number of invalid password entries specified by the INVALID ATTEMPS BEFORE LOCKOUT setting has occurred.
The D60 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. Should password verification fail while accessing a password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS FlexLogic operand is asserted. The operand can be programmed to raise an alarm via contact outputs or communications. This feature can be used to protect against both unauthorized and accidental access attempts. The UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand is reset with the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS RESET UNAUTHORIZED ALARMS command. Therefore, to apply this feature with security, the command level should be password-protected. The operand does not generate events or targets. If events or targets are required, the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand can be assigned to a digital element programmed with event logs or targets enabled. The access level timeout settings are shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY ACCESS SUPERVISION ACCESS LEVEL TIMEOUTS Range: 5 to 480 minutes in steps of 1
COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: 5 min SETTING LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: 30 min
These settings allow the user to specify the length of inactivity required before returning to the restricted access level. Note that the access level will set as restricted if control power is cycled. COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to return to restricted access from the command password level. SETTING LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to return to restricted access from the command password level.
LOCAL SETTING AUTH: On REMOTE SETTING AUTH: On ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT: 30 min.
MESSAGE
The dual permission security access feature provides a mechanism for customers to prevent unauthorized or unintended upload of settings to a relay through the local or remote interfaces interface. The following settings are available through the local (front panel) interface only. LOCAL SETTING AUTH: This setting is used for local (front panel or RS232 interface) setting access supervision. Valid values for the FlexLogic operands are either On (default) or any physical Contact Input ~~ On value. If this setting is On, then local setting access functions as normal; that is, a local setting password is required. If this setting is any contact input on FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the local setting password to gain setting access. If setting access is not authorized for local operation (front panel or RS232 interface) and the user attempts to obtain setting access, then the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS message is displayed on the front panel. REMOTE SETTING AUTH: This setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interfaces) setting access supervision.
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5 SETTINGS
If this setting is On (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is required). If this setting is Off, then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is provided. If this setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the remote setting password to gain setting access. ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT: This setting represents the timeout delay for local setting access. This setting is applicable when the LOCAL SETTING AUTH setting is programmed to any operand except On. The state of the FlexLogic operand is continuously monitored for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, local access is permitted and the timer programmed with the ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT setting value is started. When this timer expires, local setting access is immediately denied. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the timeout is restarted. The status of this timer is updated every 5 seconds.
The following settings are available through the remote (EnerVista UR Setup) interface only. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Security menu item to display the security settings window.
The Remote Settings Authorization setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interfaces) setting access supervision. If this setting is On (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is required). If this setting is Off, then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is provided. If this setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the remote setting password to gain setting access. The Access Authorization Timeout setting represents the timeout delay remote setting access. This setting is applicable when the Remote Settings Authorization setting is programmed to any operand except On or Off. The state of the FlexLogic operand is continuously monitored for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, remote setting access is permitted and the timer programmed with the Access Authorization Timeout setting value is started. When this timer expires, remote setting access is immediately denied. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the timeout is restarted. The status of this timer is updated every 5 seconds. 5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES
DISPLAY PROPERTIES
MESSAGE
LANGUAGE: English FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT: 300 s DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: 25 % SCREEN SAVER FEATURE: Disabled SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME: 30 min CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL: 0.020 pu VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL: 1.0 V
Range: English; English, French; English, Russian; English, Chinese (range dependent on order code) Range: 0.5 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% Visible only if a VFD is installed Range: Disabled, Enabled Visible only if an LCD is installed Range: 1 to 65535 min. in steps of 1 Visible only if an LCD is installed Range: 0.002 to 0.020 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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Some relay messaging characteristics can be modified to suit different situations using the display properties settings. LANGUAGE: This setting selects the language used to display settings, actual values, and targets. The range is dependent on the order code of the relay. FLASH MESSAGE TIME: Flash messages are status, warning, error, or information messages displayed for several seconds in response to certain key presses during setting programming. These messages override any normal messages. The duration of a flash message on the display can be changed to accommodate different reading rates. DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT: If the keypad is inactive for a period of time, the relay automatically reverts to a default message. The inactivity time is modified via this setting to ensure messages remain on the screen long enough during programming or reading of actual values. DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: To extend phosphor life in the vacuum fluorescent display, the brightness can be attenuated during default message display. During keypad interrogation, the display always operates at full brightness. SCREEN SAVER FEATURE and SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME: These settings are only visible if the D60 has a liquid crystal display (LCD) and control its backlighting. When the SCREEN SAVER FEATURE is Enabled, the LCD backlighting is turned off after the DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT followed by the SCREEN SAVER WAIT TIME, providing that no keys have been pressed and no target messages are active. When a keypress occurs or a target becomes active, the LCD backlighting is turned on. CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL: This setting modifies the current cut-off threshold. Very low currents (1 to 2% of the rated value) are very susceptible to noise. Some customers prefer very low currents to display as zero, while others prefer the current be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The D60 applies a cutoff value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured currents. If the magnitude is below the cut-off level, it is substituted with zero. This applies to phase and ground current phasors as well as true RMS values and symmetrical components. The cut-off operation applies to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those used by communications protocols. Note that the cut-off level for the sensitive ground input is 10 times lower that the CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value. Raw current samples available via oscillography are not subject to cut-off. VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL: This setting modifies the voltage cut-off threshold. Very low secondary voltage measurements (at the fractional volt level) can be affected by noise. Some customers prefer these low voltages to be displayed as zero, while others prefer the voltage to be displayed even when the value reflects noise rather than the actual signal. The D60 applies a cut-off value to the magnitudes and angles of the measured voltages. If the magnitude is below the cut-off level, it is substituted with zero. This operation applies to phase and auxiliary voltages, and symmetrical components. The cut-off operation applies to quantities used for metering, protection, and control, as well as those used by communications protocols. Raw samples of the voltages available via oscillography are not subject cut-off.
The CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL and the VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL are used to determine the metered power cut-off levels. The power cut-off level is calculated as shown below. For Delta connections: 3 CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL VT primary CT primary 3-phase power cut-off = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VT secondary For Wye connections: 3-phase power cut-off = 3 CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL VT primary CT primary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VT secondary per-phase power cut-off = CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL VT primary CT primary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VT secondary where VT primary = VT secondary VT ratio and CT primary = CT secondary CT ratio. For example, given the following settings:
CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL: 0.02 pu VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL: 1.0 V PHASE CT PRIMARY: 100 A PHASE VT SECONDARY: 66.4 V PHASE VT RATIO: 208.00 : 1" PHASE VT CONNECTION: Delta.
(EQ 5.3)
(EQ 5.4)
(EQ 5.5)
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP We have: CT primary = 100 A, and VT primary = PHASE VT SECONDARY x PHASE VT RATIO = 66.4 V x 208 = 13811.2 V The power cut-off is therefore:
5 SETTINGS
power cut-off = (CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL CT primary VT primary)/VT secondary = ( 3 0.02 pu 1.0 V 100 A 13811.2 V) / 66.4 V = 720.5 watts Any calculated power value below this cut-off will not be displayed. As well, the three-phase energy data will not accumulate if the total power from all three phases does not exceed the power cut-off. Lower the VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL and CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL with care as the relay accepts lower signals as valid measurements. Unless dictated otherwise by a specific application, the default settings of 0.02 pu for CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL and 1.0 V for VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL are recommended. 5.2.3 CLEAR RELAY RECORDS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP CLEAR RELAY RECORDS
NOTE
CLEAR FAULT REPORTS: Off CLEAR EVENT RECORDS: Off CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY? No CLEAR DATA LOGGER: Off CLEAR ARC AMPS 1: Off CLEAR ARC AMPS 2: Off CLEAR ENERGY: Off RESET UNAUTH ACCESS: Off CLEAR DIR I/O STATS: Off
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Range: FlexLogic operand. Valid only for units with Direct I/O module.
Selected records can be cleared from user-programmable conditions with FlexLogic operands. Assigning user-programmable pushbuttons to clear specific records are typical applications for these commands. Since the D60 responds to rising edges of the configured FlexLogic operands, they must be asserted for at least 50 ms to take effect. Clearing records with user-programmable operands is not protected by the command password. However, user-programmable pushbuttons are protected by the command password. Thus, if they are used to clear records, the user-programmable pushbuttons can provide extra security if required. For example, to assign User-Programmable Pushbutton 1 to clear demand records, the following settings should be applied. 1. Assign the clear demand function to Pushbutton 1 by making the following change in the SETTINGS CLEAR RELAY RECORDS menu:
CLEAR DEMAND: PUSHBUTTON 1 ON PRODUCT SETUP
2.
SETUP
Set the properties for User-Programmable Pushbutton 1 by making the following changes in the SETTINGS USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu:
PRODUCT
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PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Self-reset PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: 0.20 s
COMMUNICATIONS
SERIAL PORTS NETWORK MODBUS PROTOCOL DNP PROTOCOL DNP / IEC104 POINT LISTS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL TFTP PROTOCOL IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL SNTP PROTOCOL ETHERNET SWITCH
See below. See page 516. See page 516. See page 517. See page 520. See page 521. See page 532. See page 532. See page 532. See page 533. See page 534.
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b) SERIAL PORTS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS SERIAL PORTS Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, 115200. Only active if CPU Type E is ordered. Range: None, Odd, Even Only active if CPU Type E is ordered Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10 Only active if CPU Type E is ordered Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, 115200 Range: None, Odd, Even
SERIAL PORTS
RS485 COM1 PARITY: None RS485 COM1 RESPONSE MIN TIME: 0 ms RS485 COM2 BAUD RATE: 19200 RS485 COM2 PARITY: None RS485 COM2 RESPONSE MIN TIME: 0 ms
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The D60 is equipped with up to three independent serial communication ports. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local use and is fixed at 19200 baud and no parity. The rear COM1 port type is selected when ordering: either an Ethernet or RS485 port. The rear COM2 port is RS485. The RS485 ports have settings for baud rate and parity. It is important that these parameters agree with the settings used on the computer or other equipment that is connected to these ports. Any of these ports may be connected to a computer running EnerVista UR Setup. This software can download and upload setting files, view measured parameters, and upgrade the relay firmware. A maximum of 32 relays can be daisy-chained and connected to a DCS, PLC or PC using the RS485 ports. For each RS485 port, the minimum time before the port will transmit after receiving data from a host can be set. This feature allows operation with hosts which hold the RS485 transmitter active for some time after each transmission.
NOTE
c) NETWORK
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK Range: Standard IP address format Not shown if CPU Type E is ordered. Range: Standard IP address format Not shown if CPU Type E is ordered. Range: Standard IP address format Not shown if CPU Type E is ordered. Range: Select to enter the OSI NETWORK ADDRESS. Not shown if CPU Type E is ordered. Range: Half-Duplex, Full-Duplex Not shown if CPU Type E or N is ordered.
NETWORK
IP ADDRESS: 0.0.0.0
MESSAGE
SUBNET IP MASK: 0.0.0.0 GATEWAY IP ADDRESS: 0.0.0.0 OSI NETWORK ADDRESS (NSAP) ETHERNET OPERATION MODE: Full-Duplex
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These messages appear only if the D60 is ordered with an Ethernet card. The IP addresses are used with the DNP, Modbus/TCP, IEC 61580, IEC 60870-5-104, TFTP, and HTTP protocols. The NSAP address is used with the IEC 61850 protocol over the OSI (CLNP/TP4) stack only. Each network protocol has a setting for the TCP/UDP port number. These settings are used only in advanced network configurations and should normally be left at their default values, but may be changed if required (for example, to allow access to multiple UR-series relays behind a router). By setting a different TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER for a given protocol on each UR-series relay, the router can map the relays to the same external IP address. The client software (EnerVista UR Setup, for example) must be configured to use the correct port number if these settings are used. When the NSAP address, any TCP/UDP port number, or any user map setting (when used with DNP) is changed, it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (off-on).
NOTE
Do not set more than one protocol to the same TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER, as this will result in unreliable operation of those protocols.
WARNING
d) MODBUS PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS MODBUS PROTOCOL Range: 1 to 254 in steps of 1
MODBUS PROTOCOL
MESSAGE
The serial communication ports utilize the Modbus protocol, unless configured for DNP or IEC 60870-5-104 operation (see descriptions below). This allows the EnerVista UR Setup software to be used. The UR operates as a Modbus slave device only. When using Modbus protocol on the RS232 port, the D60 will respond regardless of the MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS programmed. For the RS485 ports each D60 must have a unique address from 1 to 254. Address 0 is the broadcast address which all Modbus slave devices listen to. Addresses do not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts resulting in errors will occur. Generally, each device added to the link should use the next higher address starting at 1. Refer to Appendix B for more information on the Modbus protocol.
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Changes to the MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER setting will not take effect until the D60 is restarted.
NOTE
e) DNP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS DNP PROTOCOL Range: see sub-menu below
DNP PROTOCOL
DNP CHANNELS DNP ADDRESS: 65519 DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESSES DNP TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER: 20000 DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION: Disabled DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT: 5 s DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES: 10 DNP UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS: 1 DNP CURRENT SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP POWER SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP ENERGY SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP PF SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP OTHER SCALE FACTOR: 1 DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000 DNP VOLTAGE DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000 DNP POWER DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000 DNP ENERGY DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000 DNP PF DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000 DNP OTHER DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000
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Range: 0 to 60 s in steps of 1
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MESSAGE
Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 Range: 0 to 100000000 in steps of 1
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD: 1440 min DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE: 240 DNP OBJECT 1 DEFAULT VARIATION: 2 DNP OBJECT 2 DEFAULT VARIATION: 2 DNP OBJECT 20 DEFAULT VARIATION: 1 DNP OBJECT 21 DEFAULT VARIATION: 1 DNP OBJECT 22 DEFAULT VARIATION: 1 DNP OBJECT 23 DEFAULT VARIATION: 2 DNP OBJECT 30 DEFAULT VARIATION: 1 DNP OBJECT 32 DEFAULT VARIATION: 1 DNP NUMBER OF PAIRED CONTROL POINTS: 0 DNP TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT: 120 s
Range: 1 to 10080 min. in steps of 1
5 SETTINGS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2, 5, 6
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2, 9, 10
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Range: 1, 2, 5, 6
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Range: 1, 2, 5, 6
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Range: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
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5
MESSAGE MESSAGE
Range: 0 to 32 in steps of 1
The D60 supports the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) version 3.0. The D60 can be used as a DNP slave device connected to multiple DNP masters (usually an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D60 maintains two sets of DNP data change buffers and connection information, two DNP masters can actively communicate with the D60 at one time. The IEC 60870-5-104 and DNP protocols cannot be simultaneously. When the IEC 60870-5-104 FUNCTION setting is set to Enabled, the DNP protocol will not be operational. When this setting is changed it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (off-to-on).
NOTE
DNP CHANNELS
Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT PANEL - RS232, NETWORK - TCP, NETWORK - UDP Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT PANEL - RS232, NETWORK - TCP, NETWORK - UDP
The DNP CHANNEL 1 PORT and DNP CHANNEL 2 PORT settings select the communications port assigned to the DNP protocol for each channel. Once DNP is assigned to a serial port, the Modbus protocol is disabled on that port. Note that COM1 can be used only in non-Ethernet UR relays. When this setting is set to Network - TCP, the DNP protocol can be used over TCP/IP on channels 1 or 2. When this value is set to Network - UDP, the DNP protocol can be used over UDP/IP on channel 1 only. Refer to Appendix E for additional information on the DNP protocol. Changes to the DNP CHANNEL 1 PORT and DNP CHANNEL 2 PORT settings will take effect only after power has been cycled to the relay.
NOTE
The DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESS settings can force the D60 to respond to a maximum of five specific DNP masters. The settings in this sub-menu are shown below.
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PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS DNP PROTOCOL
CLIENT ADDRESS 1: 0.0.0.0 CLIENT ADDRESS 2: 0.0.0.0 CLIENT ADDRESS 3: 0.0.0.0 CLIENT ADDRESS 4: 0.0.0.0 CLIENT ADDRESS 5: 0.0.0.0
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MESSAGE
The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION should be Disabled for RS485 applications since there is no collision avoidance mechanism. The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT sets the time the D60 waits for a DNP master to confirm an unsolicited response. The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES setting determines the number of times the D60 retransmits an unsolicited response without receiving confirmation from the master; a value of 255 allows infinite re-tries. The DNP UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS is the DNP address to which all unsolicited responses are sent. The IP address to which unsolicited responses are sent is determined by the D60 from the current TCP connection or the most recent UDP message. The DNP scale factor settings are numbers used to scale analog input point values. These settings group the D60 analog input data into the following types: current, voltage, power, energy, power factor, and other. Each setting represents the scale factor for all analog input points of that type. For example, if the DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR setting is set to 1000, all DNP analog input points that are voltages will be returned with values 1000 times smaller (for example, a value of 72000 V on the D60 will be returned as 72). These settings are useful when analog input values must be adjusted to fit within certain ranges in DNP masters. Note that a scale factor of 0.1 is equivalent to a multiplier of 10 (that is, the value will be 10 times larger). The DNP DEFAULT DEADBAND settings determine when to trigger unsolicited responses containing analog input data. These settings group the D60 analog input data into the following types: current, voltage, power, energy, power factor, and other. Each setting represents the default deadband value for all analog input points of that type. For example, to trigger unsolicited responses from the D60 when any current values change by 15 A, the DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEADBAND setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the deadband default values. DNP object 34 points can be used to change deadband values, from the default, for each individual DNP analog input point. Whenever power is removed and re-applied to the D60, the default deadbands will be in effect. The DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD setting determines how often the Need Time Internal Indication (IIN) bit is set by the D60. Changing this time allows the DNP master to send time synchronization commands more or less often, as required. The DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE setting determines the size, in bytes, at which message fragmentation occurs. Large fragment sizes allow for more efficient throughput; smaller fragment sizes cause more application layer confirmations to be necessary which can provide for more robust data transfer over noisy communication channels. When the DNP data points (analog inputs and/or binary inputs) are configured for Ethernet-enabled relays, check the DNP Points Lists D60 web page to view the points lists. This page can be viewed with a web browser by entering the D60 IP address to access the D60 Main Menu, then by selecting the Device Information Menu > DNP Points Lists menu item.
NOTE
The DNP OBJECT 1 DEFAULT VARIATION to DNP OBJECT 32 DEFAULT VARIATION settings allow the user to select the DNP default variation number for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32. The default variation refers to the variation response when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. Refer to the DNP implementation section in appendix E for additional details. The DNP binary outputs typically map one-to-one to IED data points. That is, each DNP binary output controls a single physical or virtual control point in an IED. In the D60 relay, DNP binary outputs are mapped to virtual inputs. However, some legacy DNP implementations use a mapping of one DNP binary output to two physical or virtual control points to support the concept of trip/close (for circuit breakers) or raise/lower (for tap changers) using a single control point. That is, the DNP master can operate a single point for both trip and close, or raise and lower, operations. The D60 can be configured to sup-
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5 SETTINGS
port paired control points, with each paired control point operating two virtual inputs. The DNP NUMBER OF PAIRED CONTROL POINTS setting allows configuration of from 0 to 32 binary output paired controls. Points not configured as paired operate on a one-to-one basis. The DNP ADDRESS setting is the DNP slave address. This number identifies the D60 on a DNP communications link. Each DNP slave should be assigned a unique address. The DNP TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT setting specifies a time delay for the detection of dead network TCP connections. If there is no data traffic on a DNP TCP connection for greater than the time specified by this setting, the connection will be aborted by the D60. This frees up the connection to be re-used by a client. Relay power must be re-cycled after changing the DNP TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT setting for the changes to take effect.
NOTE
The binary and analog inputs points for the DNP protocol, or the MSP and MME points for IEC 60870-5-104 protocol, can configured to a maximum of 256 points. The value for each point is user-programmable and can be configured by assigning FlexLogic operands for binary inputs / MSP points or FlexAnalog parameters for analog inputs / MME points. The menu for the binary input points (DNP) or MSP points (IEC 60870-5-104) is shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
COMMUNICATIONS
0 1
MESSAGE
Point: Off
255
Up to 256 binary input points can be configured for the DNP or IEC 60870-5-104 protocols. The points are configured by assigning an appropriate FlexLogic operand. Refer to the Introduction to FlexLogic section in this chapter for the full range of assignable operands. The menu for the analog input points (DNP) or MME points (IEC 60870-5-104) is shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS DNP / IEC104 POINT LISTS ANALOG INPUT / MME POINTS
0 1
MESSAGE
Point: Off
255
Up to 256 analog input points can be configured for the DNP or IEC 60870-5-104 protocols. The analog point list is configured by assigning an appropriate FlexAnalog parameter to each point. Refer to Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters for the full range of assignable parameters.
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NOTE
The DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists always begin with point 0 and end at the first Off value. Since DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists must be in one continuous block, any points assigned after the first Off point are ignored. Changes to the DNP / IEC 60870-5-104 point lists will not take effect until the D60 is restarted.
NOTE
GSSE / GOOSE CONFIGURATION SERVER CONFIGURATION IEC 61850 LOGICAL NODE NAME PREFIXES MMXU DEADBANDS GGIO1 STATUS CONFIGURATION GGIO2 CONTROL CONFIGURATION GGIO4 ANALOG CONFIGURATION GGIO5 UINTEGER CONFIGURATION REPORT CONTROL CONFIGURATION XCBR CONFIGURATION XSWI CONFIGURATION
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The D60 Line Distance Protection System is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. Refer to the Ordering section of chapter 2 for additional details. The IEC 61850 protocol features are not available if CPU type E is ordered.
The D60 supports the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol as specified by IEC 61850. MMS is supported over two protocol stacks: TCP/IP over ethernet and TP4/CLNP (OSI) over ethernet. The D60 operates as an IEC 61850 server. The Remote inputs and outputs section in this chapter describe the peer-to-peer GSSE/GOOSE message scheme. The GSSE/GOOSE configuration main menu is divided into two areas: transmission and reception.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION
TRANSMISSION RECEPTION
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5 SETTINGS
TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION
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GENERAL
Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1
The DEFAULT GSSE/GOOSE UPDATE TIME sets the time between GSSE or GOOSE messages when there are no remote output state changes to be sent. When remote output data changes, GSSE or GOOSE messages are sent immediately. This setting controls the steady-state heartbeat time interval. The DEFAULT GSSE/GOOSE UPDATE TIME setting is applicable to GSSE, fixed D60 GOOSE, and configurable GOOSE. The GSSE settings are shown below:
PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
COMMUNICATIONS
IEC 61850...
GSSE/GOOSE...
TRANSMISSION
GSEE
GSSE
MESSAGE
These settings are applicable to GSSE only. If the fixed GOOSE function is enabled, GSSE messages are not transmitted. The GSSE ID setting represents the IEC 61850 GSSE application ID name string sent as part of each GSSE message. This string identifies the GSSE message to the receiving device. In D60 releases previous to 5.0x, this name string was represented by the RELAY NAME setting. The fixed GOOSE settings are shown below:
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT... COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850... GSSE/GOOSE... TRANSMISSION FIXED GOOSE
FIXED GOOSE
GOOSE ID: GOOSEOut DESTINATION MAC: 000000000000 GOOSE VLAN PRIORITY: 4 GOOSE VLAN ID: 0 GOOSE ETYPE APPID: 0
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Range: 0 to 7 in steps of 1
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The GOOSE ID setting represents the IEC 61850 GOOSE application ID (GoID) name string sent as part of each GOOSE message. This string identifies the GOOSE message to the receiving device. In revisions previous to 5.0x, this name string was represented by the RELAY NAME setting. The DESTINATION MAC setting allows the destination Ethernet MAC address to be set. This address must be a multicast address; the least significant bit of the first byte must be set. In D60 releases previous to 5.0x, the destination Ethernet MAC address was determined automatically by taking the sending MAC address (that is, the unique, local MAC address of the D60) and setting the multicast bit. The GOOSE VLAN PRIORITY setting indicates the Ethernet priority of GOOSE messages. This allows GOOSE messages to have higher priority than other Ethernet data. The GOOSE ETYPE APPID setting allows the selection of a specific application ID for each GOOSE sending device. This value can be left at its default if the feature is not required. Both the GOOSE VLAN PRIORITY and GOOSE ETYPE APPID settings are required by IEC 61850. The configurable GOOSE settings are shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS... COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850... GSSE... TRANSMISSION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE 1(8)
CONFIGURABLE GOOSE 1
MESSAGE
CONFIG GSE 1 FUNCTION: Enabled CONFIG GSE 1 ID: GOOSEOut_1 CONFIG GSE 1 DST MAC: 010CDC010000 CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN PRIORITY: 4 CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN ID: 0 CONFIG GSE 1 ETYPE APPID: CONFIG GSE 1 CONFREV: 0
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Range: 0 to 7 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
5
Range: 0 to 4095 in steps of 1 Range: 0 to 16383 in steps of 1
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1
Range: Aggressive, Medium, Relaxed, Heartbeat
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MESSAGE
Range: 64 data items; each can be set to all valid MMS data item references for transmitted data
The configurable GOOSE settings allow the D60 to be configured to transmit a number of different datasets within IEC 61850 GOOSE messages. Up to eight different configurable datasets can be configured and transmitted. This is useful for intercommunication between D60 IEDs and devices from other manufacturers that support IEC 61850. The configurable GOOSE feature allows for the configuration of the datasets to be transmitted or received from the D60. The D60 supports the configuration of eight (8) transmission and reception datasets, allowing for the optimization of data transfer between devices. Items programmed for dataset 1 and 2 will have changes in their status transmitted as soon as the change is detected. Datasets 1 and 2 should be used for high-speed transmission of data that is required for applications such as transfer tripping, blocking, and breaker fail initiate. At least one digital status value needs to be configured in the required dataset to enable transmission of configured data. Configuring analog data only to dataset 1 or 2 will not activate transmission. Items programmed for datasets 3 through 8 will have changes in their status transmitted at a maximum rate of every 100 ms. Datasets 3 through 8 will regularly analyze each data item configured within them every 100 ms to identify if any changes have been made. If any changes in the data items are detected, these changes will be transmitted through a GOOSE message. If there are no changes detected during this 100 ms period, no GOOSE message will be sent. For all datasets 1 through 8, the integrity GOOSE message will still continue to be sent at the pre-configured rate even if no changes in the data items are detected.
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5 SETTINGS
The GOOSE functionality was enhanced to prevent the relay from flooding a communications network with GOOSE messages due to an oscillation being created that is triggering a message. The D60 has the ability of detecting if a data item in one of the GOOSE datasets is erroneously oscillating. This can be caused by events such as errors in logic programming, inputs improperly being asserted and de-asserted, or failed station components. If erroneously oscillation is detected, the D60 will stop sending GOOSE messages from the dataset for a minimum period of one second. Should the oscillation persist after the one second time-out period, the D60 will continue to block transmission of the dataset. The D60 will assert the MAINTENANCE ALERT: GGIO Ind XXX oscill self-test error message on the front panel display, where XXX denotes the data item detected as oscillating. For versions 5.70 and higher, the D60 supports four retransmission schemes: aggressive, medium, relaxed, and heartbeat. The aggressive scheme is only supported in fast type 1A GOOSE messages (GOOSEOut 1 and GOOSEOut 2). For slow GOOSE messages (GOOSEOut 3 to GOOSEOut 8) the aggressive scheme is the same as the medium scheme. The details about each scheme are shown in the following table. Table 51: GOOSE RETRANSMISSION SCHEMES
SCHEME Aggressive SQ NUM 0 1 2 3 4 5 TIME FROM THE EVENT 0 ms 4 ms 8 ms 16 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms 16 ms 32 ms 64 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms 100 ms 200 ms 700 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat TIME BETWEEN MESSAGES 0 ms 4 ms 4 ms 8 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms 16 ms 16 ms 32 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms 100 ms 100 ms 500 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat 0 ms Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat Heartbeat COMMENT Event T1 T1 T2 T0 T0 Event T1 T1 T2 T0 T0 Event T1 T1 T2 T0 T0 Event T1 T1 T2 T0 T0 TIME ALLOWED TO LIVE IN MESSAGE 2000 ms 2000 ms 2000 ms Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 2000 ms 2000 ms 2000 ms Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 2000 ms 2000 ms 2000 ms Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 2000 ms 2000 ms 2000 ms Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5 Heartbeat * 4, 5
Medium
0 1 2 3 4 5
Relaxed
0 1 2 3 4 5
Heartbeat
0 1 2 3 4 5
The configurable GOOSE feature is recommended for applications that require GOOSE data transfer between UR-series IEDs and devices from other manufacturers. Fixed GOOSE is recommended for applications that require GOOSE data transfer between UR-series IEDs. IEC 61850 GOOSE messaging contains a number of configurable parameters, all of which must be correct to achieve the successful transfer of data. It is critical that the configured datasets at the transmission and reception devices are an exact match in terms of data structure, and that the GOOSE addresses and name strings match exactly. Manual configuration is possible, but third-party substation configuration software may be used to automate the process. The EnerVista UR Setup software can produce IEC 61850 ICD files and import IEC 61850 SCD files produced by a substation configurator (refer to the IEC 61850 IED configuration section later in this appendix). The following example illustrates the configuration required to transfer IEC 61850 data items between two devices. The general steps required for transmission configuration are:
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5 SETTINGS 1. 2. 3. Configure the transmission dataset. Configure the GOOSE service settings. Configure the data.
The general steps required for reception configuration are: 1. 2. 3. Configure the reception dataset. Configure the GOOSE service settings. Configure the data.
This example shows how to configure the transmission and reception of three IEC 61850 data items: a single point status value, its associated quality flags, and a floating point analog value. The following procedure illustrates the transmission configuration. 1. Configure the transmission dataset by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION TRANSMISSION GOOSE 1 CONFIG GSE 1 DATASET ITEMS settings menu: COMMUNICATION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE CONFIGURABLE
Set ITEM 1 to GGIO1.ST.Ind1.q to indicate quality flags for GGIO1 status indication 1. Set ITEM 2 to GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal to indicate the status value for GGIO1 status indication 1.
The transmission dataset now contains a set of quality flags and a single point status Boolean value. The reception dataset on the receiving device must exactly match this structure. 2. Configure the GOOSE service settings by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION RABLE GOOSE 1 settings menu: TRANSMISSION COMMUNICATION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE CONFIGU-
3.
Set CONFIG GSE 1 FUNCTION to Enabled. Set CONFIG GSE 1 ID to an appropriate descriptive string (the default value is GOOSEOut_1). Set CONFIG GSE 1 DST MAC to a multicast address (for example, 01 00 00 12 34 56). Set the CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN PRIORITY; the default value of 4 is OK for this example. Set the CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN ID value; the default value is 0, but some switches may require this value to be 1. Set the CONFIG GSE 1 ETYPE APPID value. This setting represents the ETHERTYPE application ID and must match the configuration on the receiver (the default value is 0). Set the CONFIG GSE 1 CONFREV value. This value changes automatically as described in IEC 61850 part 7-2. For this example it can be left at its default value.
COMMUNICATION IEC 61850 PROTO-
COL
Configure the data by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP GGIO1 STATUS CONFIGURATION settings menu:
Set GGIO1 INDICATION 1 to a FlexLogic operand used to provide the status of GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal (for example, a contact input, virtual input, a protection element status, etc.).
The D60 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The following procedure illustrates the reception configuration. 1. Configure the reception dataset by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION 61850 PROTOCOL 1 CONFIG GSE 1 DATASET ITEMS settings menu: RECEPTION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE COMMUNICATION IEC CONFIGURABLE GOOSE
Set ITEM 1 to GGIO3.ST.Ind1.q to indicate quality flags for GGIO3 status indication 1. Set ITEM 2 to GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal to indicate the status value for GGIO3 status indication 1.
The reception dataset now contains a set of quality flags, a single point status Boolean value, and a floating point analog value. This matches the transmission dataset configuration above. 2. Configure the GOOSE service settings by making the following changes in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS REMOTE DEVICE 1 settings menu:
REMOTE DEVICES
Set REMOTE DEVICE 1 ID to match the GOOSE ID string for the transmitting device. Enter GOOSEOut_1.
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5 SETTINGS
Set REMOTE DEVICE 1 ETYPE APPID to match the ETHERTYPE application ID from the transmitting device. This is 0 in the example above. Set the REMOTE DEVICE 1 DATASET value. This value represents the dataset number in use. Since we are using configurable GOOSE 1 in this example, program this value as GOOSEIn 1.
REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE INPUT 1
Configure the data by making the following changes in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS settings menu: Set REMOTE IN 1 DEVICE to GOOSEOut_1.
Set REMOTE IN 1 ITEM to Dataset Item 2. This assigns the value of the GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal single point status item to remote input 1.
Remote input 1 can now be used in FlexLogic equations or other settings. The D60 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The value of remote input 1 (Boolean on or off) in the receiving device will be determined by the GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal value in the sending device. The above settings will be automatically populated by the EnerVista UR Setup software when a complete SCD file is created by third party substation configurator software. For intercommunication between D60 IEDs, the fixed (DNA/UserSt) dataset can be used. The DNA/UserSt dataset contains the same DNA and UserSt bit pairs that are included in GSSE messages. All GOOSE messages transmitted by the D60 (DNA/UserSt dataset and configurable datasets) use the IEC 61850 GOOSE messaging services (for example, VLAN support). Set the CONFIG GSE 1 FUNCTION function to Disabled when configuration changes are required. Once changes are entered, return the CONFIG GSE 1 FUNCTION to Enabled and restart the unit for changes to take effect.
NOTE
PATH:...TRANSMISSION
ITEM 1(64)
ITEM 1: GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal
Range: all valid MMS data item references for transmitted data
To create a configurable GOOSE dataset that contains an IEC 61850 Single Point Status indication and its associated quality flags, the following dataset items can be selected: GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal and GGIO1.ST.Ind1.q. The D60 will then create a dataset containing these two data items. The status value for GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal is determined by the FlexLogic operand assigned to GGIO1 indication 1. Changes to this operand will result in the transmission of GOOSE messages containing the defined dataset. The main reception menu is applicable to configurable GOOSE only and contains the configurable GOOSE dataset items for reception:
PATH:...RECEPTION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE 1(8) CONIFIG GSE 1(64) DATA ITEMS Range: all valid MMS data item references for transmitted data
ITEM 1: GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal
The configurable GOOSE settings allow the D60 to be configured to receive a number of different datasets within IEC 61850 GOOSE messages. Up to eight different configurable datasets can be configured for reception. This is useful for intercommunication between D60 IEDs and devices from other manufacturers that support IEC 61850. For intercommunication between D60 IEDs, the fixed (DNA/UserSt) dataset can be used. The DNA/UserSt dataset contains the same DNA and UserSt bit pairs that are included in GSSE messages. To set up a D60 to receive a configurable GOOSE dataset that contains two IEC 61850 single point status indications, the following dataset items can be selected (for example, for configurable GOOSE dataset 1): GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal and GGIO3.ST.Ind2.stVal. The D60 will then create a dataset containing these two data items. The Boolean status values from these data items can be utilized as remote input FlexLogic operands. First, the REMOTE DEVICE 1(16) DATASET setting must be set to contain dataset GOOSEIn 1 (that is, the first configurable dataset). Then REMOTE IN 1(16) ITEM settings must be set to Dataset Item 1 and Dataset Item 2. These remote input FlexLogic operands will then change state in accordance with the status values of the data items in the configured dataset. Floating point analog values originating from MMXU logical nodes may be included in GOOSE datasets. Deadband (noninstantaneous) values can be transmitted. Received values are used to populate the GGIO3.XM.AnIn1 and higher items. Received values are also available as FlexAnalog parameters (GOOSE analog In1 and up).
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5 SETTINGS The main menu for the IEC 61850 server configuration is shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL
SERVER CONFIGURATION
SERVER CONFIGURATION
MESSAGE
IED NAME: IECDevice LD INST: LDInst LOCATION: Location IEC/MMS TCP PORT NUMBER: 102 INCLUDE NON-IEC DATA: Enabled SERVER SCANNING: Disabled
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MESSAGE
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The IED NAME and LD INST settings represent the MMS domain name (IEC 61850 logical device) where all IEC/MMS logical nodes are located. Valid characters for these values are upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and the underscore (_) character, and the first character in the string must be a letter. This conforms to the IEC 61850 standard. The LOCATION is a variable string and can be composed of ASCII characters. This string appears within the PhyName of the LPHD node. The IEC/MMS TCP PORT NUMBER setting allows the user to change the TCP port number for MMS connections. The INCLUDE NON-IEC DATA setting determines whether or not the UR MMS domain will be available. This domain contains a large number of UR-series specific data items that are not available in the IEC 61850 logical nodes. This data does not follow the IEC 61850 naming conventions. For communications schemes that strictly follow the IEC 61850 standard, this setting should be Disabled. The SERVER SCANNING feature should be set to Disabled when IEC 61850 client/server functionality is not required. IEC 61850 has two modes of functionality: GOOSE/GSSE inter-device communication and client/server communication. If the GOOSE/GSSE functionality is required without the IEC 61850 client server feature, then server scanning can be disabled to increase CPU resources. When server scanning is disabled, there will be not updated to the IEC 61850 logical node status values in the D60. Clients will still be able to connect to the server (D60 relay), but most data values will not be updated. This setting does not affect GOOSE/GSSE operation. Changes to the IED NAME setting, LD INST setting, and GOOSE dataset will not take effect until the D60 is restarted.
NOTE
The main menu for the IEC 61850 logical node name prefixes is shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850... IEC 61850 LOGICAL NODE NAME PREFIXES
PIOC LOGICAL NODE NAME PREFIXES PTOC LOGICAL NODE NAME PREFIXES
MESSAGE
The IEC 61850 logical node name prefix settings are used to create name prefixes to uniquely identify each logical node. For example, the logical node PTOC1 may have the name prefix abc. The full logical node name will then be abcMMXU1. Valid characters for the logical node name prefixes are upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and the underscore (_) character, and the first character in the prefix must be a letter. This conforms to the IEC 61850 standard. Changes to the logical node prefixes will not take effect until the D60 is restarted.
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP The main menu for the IEC 61850 MMXU deadbands is shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL MMXU DEADBANDS
5 SETTINGS
MMXU DEADBANDS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The MMXU deadband settings represent the deadband values used to determine when the update the MMXU mag and cVal values from the associated instmag and instcVal values. The mag and cVal values are used for the IEC 61850 buffered and unbuffered reports. These settings correspond to the associated db data items in the CF functional constraint of the MMXU logical node, as per the IEC 61850 standard. According to IEC 61850-7-3, the db value shall represent the percentage of difference between the maximum and minimum in units of 0.001%. Thus, it is important to know the maximum value for each MMXU measured quantity, since this represents the 100.00% value for the deadband. The minimum value for all quantities is 0; the maximum values are as follows: phase current: 46 phase CT primary setting neutral current: 46 ground CT primary setting voltage: 275 VT ratio setting power (real, reactive, and apparent): 46 phase CT primary setting 275 VT ratio setting frequency: 90 Hz power factor: 2
NUMBER OF STATUS POINTS IN GGIO1: 8 GGIO1 INDICATION Off GGIO1 INDICATION Off
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1 2
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The NUMBER OF STATUS POINTS IN GGIO1 setting specifies the number of Ind (single point status indications) that are instantiated in the GGIO1 logical node. Changes to the NUMBER OF STATUS POINTS IN GGIO1 setting will not take effect until the D60 is restarted. The GGIO2 control configuration points are shown below:
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850... GGIO2 CONTROL... Range: 0, 1, or 2 GGIO2 CF SPSCO 1(64)
GGIO2 CF SPCSO 1
The GGIO2 control configuration settings are used to set the control model for each input. The available choices are 0 (status only), 1 (direct control), and 2 (SBO with normal security). The GGIO2 control points are used to control the D60 virtual inputs.
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NUMBER OF ANALOG POINTS IN GGIO4: GGIO4 ANALOG 1 MEASURED VALUE GGIO4 ANALOG 2 MEASURED VALUE
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MESSAGE
The NUMBER OF ANALOG POINTS setting determines how many analog data points will exist in GGIO4. When this value is changed, the D60 must be rebooted in order to allow the GGIO4 logical node to be re-instantiated and contain the newly configured number of analog points. The measured value settings for each of the 32 analog values are shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT... COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850... GGIO4... GGIO4 ANALOG 1(32) MEASURED VALUE
5
Range: 1000000000.000 to 1000000000.000 in steps of 0.001 Range: 1000000000.000 to 1000000000.000 in steps of 0.001
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MESSAGE
These settings are configured as follows. ANALOG IN 1 VALUE: This setting selects the FlexAnalog value to drive the instantaneous value of each GGIO4 analog status value (GGIO4.MX.AnIn1.instMag.f). ANALOG IN 1 DB: This setting specifies the deadband for each analog value. Refer to IEC 61850-7-1 and 61850-7-3 for details. The deadband is used to determine when to update the deadbanded magnitude from the instantaneous magnitude. The deadband is a percentage of the difference between the maximum and minimum values. ANALOG IN 1 MIN: This setting specifies the minimum value for each analog value. Refer to IEC 61850-7-1 and 61850-7-3 for details. This minimum value is used to determine the deadband. The deadband is used in the determination of the deadbanded magnitude from the instantaneous magnitude. ANALOG IN 1 MAX: This setting defines the maximum value for each analog value. Refer to IEC 61850-7-1 and 61850-7-3 for details. This maximum value is used to determine the deadband. The deadband is used in the determination of the deadbanded magnitude from the instantaneous magnitude. Note that the ANALOG IN 1 MIN and ANALOG IN 1 MAX settings are stored as IEEE 754 / IEC 60559 floating point numbers. Because of the large range of these settings, not all values can be stored. Some values may be rounded to the closest possible floating point number.
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP The GGIO5 integer configuration points are shown below:
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850...
5 SETTINGS
MESSAGE
1: 2:
The GGIO5 logical node allows IEC 61850 client access to integer data values. This allows access to as many as 16 unsigned integer value points, associated timestamps, and quality flags. The method of configuration is similar to that of GGIO1 (binary status values). The settings allow the selection of FlexInteger values for each GGIO5 integer value point. It is intended that clients use GGIO5 to access generic integer values from the D60. Additional settings are provided to allow the selection of the number of integer values available in GGIO5 (1 to 16), and to assign FlexInteger values to the GGIO5 integer inputs. The following setting is available for all GGIO5 configuration points. GGIO5 UINT IN 1 VALUE: This setting selects the FlexInteger value to drive each GGIO5 integer status value (GGIO5.ST.UIntIn1). This setting is stored as an 32-bit unsigned integer value.
REPORT 1 CONFIGURATION
MESSAGE
REPORT 1 RptID: REPORT 1 OptFlds: REPORT 1 BufTm: REPORT 1 TrgOps: REPORT 1 IntgPd: 0 0
MESSAGE
0
Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Changes to the report configuration will not take effect until the D60 is restarted. Please disconnect any IEC 61850 client connection to the D60 prior to making setting changes to the report configuration. Disconnecting the rear Ethernet connection from the D60 will disconnect the IEC 61850 client connection.
NOTE
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5 SETTINGS
The breaker configuration settings are shown below. Changes to these values will not take effect until the UR is restarted:
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL XCBR CONFIGURATION
XCBR CONFIGURATION
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
XCBR6 ST.LOC OPERAND Off CLEAR XCBR1 OpCnt: No CLEAR XCBR2 OpCnt: No
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MESSAGE
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The CLEAR XCBR1 OpCnt setting represents the breaker operating counter. As breakers operate by opening and closing, the XCBR operating counter status attribute (OpCnt) increments with every operation. Frequent breaker operation may result in very large OpCnt values over time. This setting allows the OpCnt to be reset to 0 for XCBR1. The disconnect switch configuration settings are shown below. Changes to these values will not take effect until the UR is restarted:
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL XSWI CONFIGURATION
XSWI CONFIGURATION
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
XSWI24 ST.LOC OPERAND Off CLEAR XSWI1 OpCnt: No CLEAR XSWI2 OpCnt: No
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MESSAGE
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The CLEAR XSWI1 OpCnt setting represents the disconnect switch operating counter. As disconnect switches operate by opening and closing, the XSWI operating counter status attribute (OpCnt) increments with every operation. Frequent switch operation may result in very large OpCnt values over time. This setting allows the OpCnt to be reset to 0 for XSWI1. Since GSSE/GOOSE messages are multicast Ethernet by specification, they will not usually be forwarded by network routers. However, GOOSE messages may be fowarded by routers if the router has been configured for VLAN functionality.
NOTE
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5 SETTINGS
The D60 contains an embedded web server and is capable of transferring web pages to a web browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox. This feature is available only if the D60 has the ethernet option installed. The web pages are organized as a series of menus that can be accessed starting at the D60 Main Menu. Web pages are available showing DNP and IEC 60870-5-104 points lists, Modbus registers, event records, fault reports, etc. The web pages can be accessed by connecting the UR and a computer to an ethernet network. The main menu will be displayed in the web browser on the computer simply by entering the IP address of the D60 into the Address box on the web browser. i) TFTP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS TFTP PROTOCOL Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1
TFTP PROTOCOL
TFTP DATA UDP PORT 1 NUMBER: 0 TFTP DATA UDP PORT 2 NUMBER: 0
MESSAGE
The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the D60 over a network. The D60 operates as a TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The dir.txt file obtained from the D60 contains a list and description of all available files (event records, oscillography, etc.). j) IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL Range: Enabled, Disabled
IEC 60870-5-104 FUNCTION: Disabled IEC TCP PORT NUMBER: 2404 IEC NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESSES IEC COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU: 0 IEC CYCLIC DATA PERIOD: 60 s IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000 IEC VOLTAGE DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000 IEC POWER DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000 IEC ENERGY DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000 IEC OTHER DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000
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5 SETTINGS
The D60 supports the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol. The D60 can be used as an IEC 60870-5-104 slave device connected to a maximum of two masters (usually either an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the D60 maintains two sets of IEC 60870-5-104 data change buffers, no more than two masters should actively communicate with the D60 at one time. The IEC ------- DEFAULT THRESHOLD settings are used to determine when to trigger spontaneous responses containing M_ME_NC_1 analog data. These settings group the D60 analog data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other. Each setting represents the default threshold value for all M_ME_NC_1 analog points of that type. For example, to trigger spontaneous responses from the D60 when any current values change by 15 A, the IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the deadbands. P_ME_NC_1 (parameter of measured value, short floating point value) points can be used to change threshold values, from the default, for each individual M_ME_NC_1 analog point. Whenever power is removed and re-applied to the D60, the default thresholds will be in effect. The IEC 60870-5-104 and DNP protocols cannot be used simultaneously. When the IEC 60870-5-104 FUNCTION setting is set to Enabled, the DNP protocol will not be operational. When this setting is changed it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (off-to-on).
NOTE
k) SNTP PROTOCOL
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS SNTP PROTOCOL Range: Enabled, Disabled
SNTP PROTOCOL
MESSAGE
The D60 supports the Simple Network Time Protocol specified in RFC-2030. With SNTP, the D60 can obtain clock time over an Ethernet network. The D60 acts as an SNTP client to receive time values from an SNTP/NTP server, usually a dedicated product using a GPS receiver to provide an accurate time. Both unicast and broadcast SNTP are supported. If SNTP functionality is enabled at the same time as IRIG-B, the IRIG-B signal provides the time value to the D60 clock for as long as a valid signal is present. If the IRIG-B signal is removed, the time obtained from the SNTP server is used. If either SNTP or IRIG-B is enabled, the D60 clock value cannot be changed using the front panel keypad. To use SNTP in unicast mode, SNTP SERVER IP ADDR must be set to the SNTP/NTP server IP address. Once this address is set and SNTP FUNCTION is Enabled, the D60 attempts to obtain time values from the SNTP/NTP server. Since many time values are obtained and averaged, it generally takes three to four minutes until the D60 clock is closely synchronized with the SNTP/NTP server. It may take up to two minutes for the D60 to signal an SNTP self-test error if the server is offline. To use SNTP in broadcast mode, set the SNTP SERVER IP ADDR setting to 0.0.0.0 and SNTP FUNCTION to Enabled. The D60 then listens to SNTP messages sent to the all ones broadcast address for the subnet. The D60 waits up to eighteen minutes (>1024 seconds) without receiving an SNTP broadcast message before signaling an SNTP self-test error. The UR-series relays do not support the multicast or anycast SNTP functionality.
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5 SETTINGS
ETHERNET SWITCH
SWITCH IP ADDRESS: 127.0.0.1 SWITCH MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER: 502 PORT 1 EVENTS: Disabled PORT 2 EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
These settings appear only if the D60 is ordered with an Ethernet switch module (type 2S or 2T). The IP address and Modbus TCP port number for the Ethernet switch module are specified in this menu. These settings are used in advanced network configurations. Please consult the network administrator before making changes to these settings. The client software (EnerVista UR Setup, for example) is the preferred interface to configure these settings. The PORT 1 EVENTS through PORT 6 EVENTS settings allow Ethernet switch module events to be logged in the event recorder.
5
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP MODBUS USER MAP
1: 0 2: 0
0 0
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The Modbus user map provides read-only access for up to 256 registers. To obtain a memory map value, enter the desired address in the ADDRESS line (this value must be converted from hex to decimal format). The corresponding value is displayed in the VALUE line. A value of 0 in subsequent register ADDRESS lines automatically returns values for the previous ADDRESS lines incremented by 1. An address value of 0 in the initial register means none and values of 0 will be displayed for all registers. Different ADDRESS values can be entered as required in any of the register positions.
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5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE: None REAL TIME CLOCK EVENTS: Disabled LOCAL TIME OFFSET FROM UTC: 0.0 hrs DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME: Disabled DST START MONTH: April DST START DAY: Sunday DST START DAY INSTANCE: First DST START HOUR: 2:00 DST STOP MONTH: April DST STOP DAY: Sunday DST STOP DAY INSTANCE: First DST STOP HOUR: 2:00
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5
Range: Sunday to Saturday (all days of the week) Range: First, Second, Third, Fourth, Last
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The date and time can be synchronized a known time base and to other relays using an IRIG-B signal. It has the same accuracy as an electronic watch, approximately 1 minute per month. If an IRIG-B signal is connected to the relay, only the SET DATE AND TIME menu to manually set the relay clock. current year needs to be entered. See the COMMANDS The REAL TIME CLOCK EVENTS setting allows changes to the date and/or time to be captured in the event record. The LOCAL TIME OFFSET FROM UTC setting is used to specify the local time zone offset from Universal Coordinated Time (Greenwich Mean Time) in hours. This setting has two uses. When the D60 is time synchronized with IRIG-B, or has no permanent time synchronization, the offset is used to calculate UTC time for IEC 61850 features. When the D60 is time synchronized with SNTP, the offset is used to determine the local time for the D60 clock, since SNTP provides UTC time. The daylight savings time (DST) settings can be used to allow the D60 clock can follow the DST rules of the local time zone. Note that when IRIG-B time synchronization is active, the DST settings are ignored. The DST settings are used when the D60 is synchronized with SNTP, or when neither SNTP nor IRIG-B is used. Only timestamps in the event recorder and communications protocols are affected by the daylight savings time settings. The reported real-time clock value does not change.
NOTE
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PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
FAULT REPORTS
FAULT REPORT 1
FAULT REPORT 1 TRIG: Off FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 MAG: 3.00 FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 ANGLE: 75 FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 MAG: 9.00 FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 ANGLE: 75 FAULT REPORT 1 LINE LENGTH UNITS: km FAULT REP 1 LENGTH (km ): 100.0 FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION: None FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 MAG: 2.00 FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 ANGLE: 75
MESSAGE
Range: 25 to 90 in steps of 1
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Range: 25 to 90 in steps of 1
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Range: 25 to 90 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
The D60 relay supports one fault report and an associated fault locator. The signal source and trigger condition, as well as the characteristics of the line or feeder, are entered in this menu. The fault report stores data, in non-volatile memory, pertinent to an event when triggered. The captured data contained in the FaultReport.txt file includes: Fault report number. Name of the relay, programmed by the user. Firmware revision of the relay. Date and time of trigger. Name of trigger (specific operand). Line or feeder ID via the name of a configured signal source. Active setting group at the time of trigger. Pre-fault current and voltage phasors (two cycles before either a 50DD disturbance associated with fault report source or the trigger operate). Once a disturbance is detected, pre-fault phasors hold for 3 seconds waiting for the fault report trigger. If trigger does not occur within this time, the values are cleared to prepare for the next disturbance. Fault current and voltage phasors (one cycle after the trigger). Elements operated at the time of triggering. Events: 9 before trigger and 7 after trigger (only available via the relay webpage). Fault duration times for each breaker (created by the breaker arcing current feature).
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The captured data also includes the fault type and the distance to the fault location, as well as the reclose shot number (when applicable) To include fault duration times in the fault report, the user must enable and configure breaker arcing current feature for each of the breakers. Fault duration is reported on a per-phase basis. The relay allows locating faults, including ground faults, from delta-connected VTs. In this case, the missing zero-sequence voltage is substituted either by the externally provided neutral voltage (broken delta VT) connected to the auxiliary voltage channel of a VT bank, or by the zero-sequence voltage approximated as a voltage drop developed by the zero-sequence current, and user-provided zero-sequence equivalent impedance of the system behind the relay. The trigger can be any FlexLogic operand, but in most applications it is expected to be the same operand, usually a virtual output, that is used to drive an output relay to trip a breaker. To prevent the overwriting of fault events, the disturbance detector should not be used to trigger a fault report. A FAULT RPT TRIG event is automatically created when the report is triggered. If a number of protection elements are ORed to create a fault report trigger, the first operation of any element causing the OR gate output to become high triggers a fault report. However, If other elements operate during the fault and the first operated element has not been reset (the OR gate output is still high), the fault report is not triggered again. Considering the reset time of protection elements, there is very little chance that fault report can be triggered twice in this manner. As the fault report must capture a usable amount of pre and post-fault data, it can not be triggered faster than every 20 ms. Each fault report is stored as a file; the relay capacity is fifteen (15) files. An sixteenth (16th) trigger overwrites the oldest file. The EnerVista UR Setup software is required to view all captured data. The relay faceplate display can be used to view the date and time of trigger, the fault type, the distance location of the fault, and the reclose shot number. The FAULT REPORT 1 SOURCE setting selects the source for input currents and voltages and disturbance detection. The FAULT 1 REPORT TRIG setting assigns the FlexLogic operand representing the protection element/elements requiring operational fault location calculations. The distance to fault calculations are initiated by this signal. The FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 MAG and FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 MAG impedances are entered in secondary ohms. The FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting shall be set to None if the relay is fed from wye-connected VTs. If delta-connected VTs are used, and the relay is supplied with the neutral (3V0) voltage, this setting shall be set to V0. The method is still exact, as the fault locator would combine the line-to-line voltage measurements with the neutral voltage measurement RECORDS FAULT REPORTS menu for additional to re-create the line-to-ground voltages. See the ACTUAL VALUES details. It required to configure the delta and neutral voltages under the source indicated as input for the fault report. Also, the relay will check if the auxiliary signal configured is marked as Vn by the user (under VT setup), and inhibit the fault location if the auxiliary signal is labeled differently. If the broken-delta neutral voltage is not available to the relay, an approximation is possible by assuming the missing zerosequence voltage to be an inverted voltage drop produced by the zero-sequence current and the user-specified equivalent zero-sequence system impedance behind the relay: V0 = Z0 I0. In order to enable this mode of operation, the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting shall be set to I0. The FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 MAG and FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 ANGLE settings are used only when the VT SUBSTITUTION setting value is I0. The magnitude is to be entered in secondary ohms. This impedance is an average system equivalent behind the relay. It can be calculated as zero-sequence Thevenin impedance at the local bus with the protected line/feeder disconnected. The method is accurate only if this setting matches perfectly the actual system impedance during the fault. If the system exhibits too much variability, this approach is questionable and the fault location results for single-line-to-ground faults shall be trusted with accordingly. It should be kept in mind that grounding points in vicinity of the installation impact the system zero-sequence impedance (grounded loads, reactors, zig-zag transformers, shunt capacitor banks, etc.).
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a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP OSCILLOGRAPHY
OSCILLOGRAPHY
NUMBER OF RECORDS: 5
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Range: 1 to 64 in steps of 1
TRIGGER MODE: Automatic Overwrite TRIGGER POSITION: 50% TRIGGER SOURCE: Off AC INPUT WAVEFORMS: 16 samples/cycle DIGITAL CHANNELS ANALOG CHANNELS
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Oscillography records contain waveforms captured at the sampling rate as well as other relay data at the point of trigger. Oscillography records are triggered by a programmable FlexLogic operand. Multiple oscillography records may be captured simultaneously. The NUMBER OF RECORDS is selectable, but the number of cycles captured in a single record varies considerably based on other factors such as sample rate and the number of operational modules. There is a fixed amount of data storage for oscillography; the more data captured, the less the number of cycles captured per record. See the ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS OSCILLOGRAPHY menu to view the number of cycles captured per record. The following table provides sample configurations with corresponding cycles/record. Table 52: OSCILLOGRAPHY CYCLES/RECORD EXAMPLE
RECORDS 1 1 8 8 8 8 8 8 32 CT/VTS 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 SAMPLE RATE 8 16 16 16 16 16 32 64 64 DIGITALS 0 16 16 16 16 64 64 64 64 ANALOGS 0 0 0 4 4 16 16 16 16 CYCLES/ RECORD 1872.0 1685.0 276.0 219.5 93.5 93.5 57.6 32.3 9.5
A new record may automatically overwrite an older record if TRIGGER MODE is set to Automatic Overwrite. Set the TRIGGER POSITION to a percentage of the total buffer size (for example, 10%, 50%, 75%, etc.). A trigger position of 25% consists of 25% pre- and 75% post-trigger data. The TRIGGER SOURCE is always captured in oscillography and may be any FlexLogic parameter (element state, contact input, virtual output, etc.). The relay sampling rate is 64 samples per cycle. The AC INPUT WAVEFORMS setting determines the sampling rate at which AC input signals (that is, current and voltage) are stored. Reducing the sampling rate allows longer records to be stored. This setting has no effect on the internal sampling rate of the relay which is always 64 samples per cycle; that is, it has no effect on the fundamental calculations of the device.
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When changes are made to the oscillography settings, all existing oscillography records will be CLEARED.
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b) DIGITAL CHANNELS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP OSCILLOGRAPHY DIGITAL CHANNELS
DIGITAL CHANNELS
1: 2:
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A DIGITAL 1(63) CHANNEL setting selects the FlexLogic operand state recorded in an oscillography trace. The length of each oscillography trace depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to Off are ignored. Upon startup, the relay will automatically prepare the parameter list. c) ANALOG CHANNELS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP OSCILLOGRAPHY ANALOG CHANNELS
ANALOG CHANNELS
1: 2:
Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter See Appendix A for complete list. Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter See Appendix A for complete list.
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Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter See Appendix A for complete list.
These settings select the metering actual value recorded in an oscillography trace. The length of each oscillography trace depends in part on the number of parameters selected here. Parameters set to Off are ignored. The parameters available in a given relay are dependent on: The type of relay, The type and number of CT/VT hardware modules installed, and The type and number of analog input hardware modules installed.
Upon startup, the relay will automatically prepare the parameter list. A list of all possible analog metering actual value parameters is presented in Appendix A: FlexAnalog parameters. The parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the selection of the parameter on the relay display. It can be quite time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the relay keypad and display - entering this number via the relay keypad will cause the corresponding parameter to be displayed. All eight CT/VT module channels are stored in the oscillography file. The CT/VT module channels are named as follows: <slot_letter><terminal_number><I or V><phase A, B, or C, or 4th input> The fourth current input in a bank is called IG, and the fourth voltage input in a bank is called VX. For example, F2-IB designates the IB signal on terminal 2 of the CT/VT module in slot F. If there are no CT/VT modules and analog input modules, no analog traces will appear in the file; only the digital traces will appear.
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PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
DATA LOGGER
DATA LOGGER
DATA LOGGER TRIGGER: Off DATA LOGGER RATE: 60000 ms DATA LOGGER CHNL Off DATA LOGGER CHNL Off 1: 2:
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Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter. See Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters for complete list. Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter. See Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters for complete list.
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DATA LOGGER CHNL 16: Off DATA LOGGER CONFIG: 0 CHNL x 0.0 DAYS
Range: Off, any FlexAnalog parameter. See Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters for complete list. Range: Not applicable - shows computed data only
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The data logger samples and records up to 16 analog parameters at a user-defined sampling rate. This recorded data may be downloaded to EnerVista UR Setup and displayed with parameters on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. All data is stored in non-volatile memory, meaning that the information is retained when power to the relay is lost. For a fixed sampling rate, the data logger can be configured with a few channels over a long period or a larger number of channels for a shorter period. The relay automatically partitions the available memory between the channels in use. Example storage capacities for a system frequency of 60 Hz are shown in the following table. Table 53: DATA LOGGER STORAGE CAPACITY EXAMPLE
SAMPLING RATE 15 ms CHANNELS 1 8 9 16 1000 ms 1 8 9 16 60000 ms 1 8 9 16 3600000 ms 1 8 9 DAYS 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 45.4 5.6 5 2.8 2727.5 340.9 303 STORAGE CAPACITY 954 s 120 s 107 s 60 s 65457 s 8182 s 7273 s 4091 s 3927420 s 490920 s 436380 s 254460 s 235645200 s 29455200 s 26182800 s
Changing any setting affecting data logger operation will clear any data that is currently in the log.
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DATA LOGGER MODE: This setting configures the mode in which the data logger will operate. When set to Continuous, the data logger will actively record any configured channels at the rate as defined by the DATA LOGGER RATE. The
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data logger will be idle in this mode if no channels are configured. When set to Trigger, the data logger will begin to record any configured channels at the instance of the rising edge of the DATA LOGGER TRIGGER source FlexLogic operand. The data logger will ignore all subsequent triggers and will continue to record data until the active record is full. Once the data logger is full a CLEAR DATA LOGGER command is required to clear the data logger record before a new record can be started. Performing the CLEAR DATA LOGGER command will also stop the current record and reset the data logger to be ready for the next trigger. DATA LOGGER TRIGGER: This setting selects the signal used to trigger the start of a new data logger record. Any FlexLogic operand can be used as the trigger source. The DATA LOGGER TRIGGER setting only applies when the mode is set to Trigger. DATA LOGGER RATE: This setting selects the time interval at which the actual value data will be recorded. DATA LOGGER CHNL 1(16): This setting selects the metering actual value that is to be recorded in Channel 1(16) of the data log. The parameters available in a given relay are dependent on: the type of relay, the type and number of CT/ VT hardware modules installed, and the type and number of Analog Input hardware modules installed. Upon startup, the relay will automatically prepare the parameter list. A list of all possible analog metering actual value parameters is shown in Appendix A: FlexAnalog Parameters. The parameter index number shown in any of the tables is used to expedite the selection of the parameter on the relay display. It can be quite time-consuming to scan through the list of parameters via the relay keypad/display entering this number via the relay keypad will cause the corresponding parameter to be displayed. DATA LOGGER CONFIG: This display presents the total amount of time the Data Logger can record the channels not selected to Off without over-writing old data. 5.2.10 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
5
See below See page 543. See page 543.
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS
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LED TEST TRIP & ALARM LEDS USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED1 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED2
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USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED48
The 48 amber LEDs on relay panels 2 and 3 can be customized to illuminate when a selected FlexLogic operand is in the logic 1 state. The trip and alarm LEDs on panel 1 can also be customized in a similar manner. To ensure correct functionality of all LEDs, an LED test feature is also provided. b) LED TEST
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS LED TEST Range: Disabled, Enabled.
LED TEST
When enabled, the LED test can be initiated from any digital input or user-programmable condition such as user-programmable pushbutton. The control operand is configured under the LED TEST CONTROL setting. The test covers all LEDs, including the LEDs of the optional user-programmable pushbuttons.
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5 SETTINGS
All 62 LEDs on the relay are illuminated. This is a quick test to verify if any of the LEDs is burned. This stage lasts as long as the control input is on, up to a maximum of 1 minute. After 1 minute, the test will end. All the LEDs are turned off, and then one LED at a time turns on for 1 second, then back off. The test routine starts at the top left panel, moving from the top to bottom of each LED column. This test checks for hardware failures that lead to more than one LED being turned on from a single logic point. This stage can be interrupted at any time. All the LEDs are turned on. One LED at a time turns off for 1 second, then back on. The test routine starts at the top left panel moving from top to bottom of each column of the LEDs. This test checks for hardware failures that lead to more than one LED being turned off from a single logic point. This stage can be interrupted at any time.
3.
When testing is in progress, the LEDs are controlled by the test sequence, rather than the protection, control, and monitoring features. However, the LED control mechanism accepts all the changes to LED states generated by the relay and stores the actual LED states (on or off) in memory. When the test completes, the LEDs reflect the actual state resulting from relay response during testing. The reset pushbutton will not clear any targets when the LED Test is in progress. A dedicated FlexLogic operand, LED TEST IN PROGRESS, is set for the duration of the test. When the test sequence is initiated, the LED TEST INITIATED event is stored in the event recorder. The entire test procedure is user-controlled. In particular, stage 1 can last as long as necessary, and stages 2 and 3 can be interrupted. The test responds to the position and rising edges of the control input defined by the LED TEST CONTROL setting. The control pulses must last at least 250 ms to take effect. The following diagram explains how the test is executed.
READY TO TEST
time-out (1 minute)
Wait 1 second
842011A1.CDR
Figure 53: LED TEST SEQUENCE APPLICATION EXAMPLE 1: Assume one needs to check if any of the LEDs is burned through user-programmable pushbutton 1. The following settings should be applied. Configure user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following entries in the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu:
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PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Self-reset PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: 0.10 s
Configure the LED test to recognize user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following entries in the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS LED TEST menu:
LED TEST FUNCTION: Enabled LED TEST CONTROL: PUSHBUTTON 1 ON
The test will be initiated when the user-programmable pushbutton 1 is pressed. The pushbutton should remain pressed for as long as the LEDs are being visually inspected. When finished, the pushbutton should be released. The relay will then automatically start stage 2. At this point forward, test may be aborted by pressing the pushbutton. APPLICATION EXAMPLE 2: Assume one needs to check if any LEDs are burned as well as exercise one LED at a time to check for other failures. This is to be performed via user-programmable pushbutton 1. After applying the settings in application example 1, hold down the pushbutton as long as necessary to test all LEDs. Next, release the pushbutton to automatically start stage 2. Once stage 2 has started, the pushbutton can be released. When stage 2 is completed, stage 3 will automatically start. The test may be aborted at any time by pressing the pushbutton. c) TRIP AND ALARM LEDS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS TRIP & ALARM LEDS Range: FlexLogic operand
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The trip and alarm LEDs are in the first LED column (enhanced faceplate) and on LED panel 1 (standard faceplate). Each indicator can be programmed to become illuminated when the selected FlexLogic operand is in the logic 1 state. d) USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED 1(48)
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED 1(48) Range: FlexLogic operand
USER-PROGRAMMABLE LED 1
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There are 48 amber LEDs across the relay faceplate LED panels. Each of these indicators can be programmed to illuminate when the selected FlexLogic operand is in the logic 1 state. For the standard faceplate, the LEDs are located as follows. LED Panel 2: user-programmable LEDs 1 through 24 LED Panel 3: user programmable LEDs 25 through 48
For the enhanced faceplate, the LEDs are located as follows. LED column 2: user-programmable LEDs 1 through 12 LED column 3: user-programmable LEDs 13 through 24 LED column 4: user-programmable LEDs 25 through 36 LED column 5: user-programmable LEDs 37 through 48
Refer to the LED indicators section in chapter 4 for additional information on the location of these indexed LEDs. The user-programmable LED settings select the FlexLogic operands that control the LEDs. If the LED 1 TYPE setting is Self-Reset (the default setting), the LED illumination will track the state of the selected LED operand. If the LED 1 TYPE setting is Latched, the LED, once lit, remains so until reset by the faceplate RESET button, from a remote device via a communications channel, or from any programmed operand, even if the LED operand state de-asserts.
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Refer to the Control of setting groups example in the Control elements section of this chapter for group activation. 5.2.11 USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF-TESTS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF TESTS
DIRECT RING BREAK FUNCTION: Enabled DIRECT DEVICE OFF FUNCTION: Enabled REMOTE DEVICE OFF FUNCTION: Enabled PRI. ETHERNET FAIL FUNCTION: Disabled SEC. ETHERNET FAIL FUNCTION: Disabled BATTERY FAIL FUNCTION: Enabled SNTP FAIL FUNCTION: Enabled IRIG-B FAIL FUNCTION: Enabled ETHERNET SWITCH FAIL FUNCTION: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units equipped with Direct Input/Output module. Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units equipped with Direct Input/Output module. Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units that contain a CPU with Ethernet capability. Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units that contain a CPU with a primary fiber port. Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units that contain a CPU with a redundant fiber port. Range: Disabled, Enabled.
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Range: Disabled, Enabled. Valid for units that contain a CPU with Ethernet capability. Range: Disabled, Enabled.
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All major self-test alarms are reported automatically with their corresponding FlexLogic operands, events, and targets. Most of the minor alarms can be disabled if desired. When in the Disabled mode, minor alarms will not assert a FlexLogic operand, write to the event recorder, or display target messages. Moreover, they will not trigger the ANY MINOR ALARM or ANY SELF-TEST messages. When in the Enabled mode, minor alarms continue to function along with other major and minor alarms. Refer to the Relay self-tests section in chapter 7 for additional information on major and minor self-test alarms. To enable the Ethernet switch failure function, ensure that the ETHERNET SWITCH FAIL FUNCTION is Enabled in this menu.
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PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS
CONTROL PUSHBUTTON 1
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There are three standard control pushbuttons, labeled USER 1, USER 2, and USER 3, on the standard and enhanced front panels. These are user-programmable and can be used for various applications such as performing an LED test, switching setting groups, and invoking and scrolling though user-programmable displays. Firmware revisions 3.2x and older use these three pushbuttons for manual breaker control. This functionality has been retained if the breaker control feature is configured to use the three pushbuttons, they cannot be used as user-programmable control pushbuttons. The location of the control pushbuttons are shown in the following figures.
Control pushbuttons
842813A1.CDR
Figure 54: CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS (ENHANCED FACEPLATE) An additional four control pushbuttons are included on the standard faceplate when the D60 is ordered with the twelve user-programmable pushbutton option.
STATUS IN SERVICE TROUBLE TEST MODE TRIP ALARM PICKUP EVENT CAUSE VOLTAGE CURRENT FREQUENCY OTHER PHASE A PHASE B PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND USER 3 USER 2 USER 1 RESET
842733A2.CDR
Figure 55: CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS (STANDARD FACEPLATE) Control pushbuttons are not typically used for critical operations and are not protected by the control password. However, by supervising their output operands, the user can dynamically enable or disable control pushbuttons for security reasons. Each control pushbutton asserts its own FlexLogic operand. These operands should be configured appropriately to perform the desired function. The operand remains asserted as long as the pushbutton is pressed and resets when the pushbutton is released. A dropout delay of 100 ms is incorporated to ensure fast pushbutton manipulation will be recognized by various features that may use control pushbuttons as inputs. An event is logged in the event record (as per user setting) when a control pushbutton is pressed. No event is logged when the pushbutton is released. The faceplate keys (including control keys) cannot be operated simultaneously a given key must be released before the next one can be pressed.
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The control pushbuttons become user-programmable only if the breaker control feature is not configured for manual control via the USER 1 through 3 pushbuttons as shown below. If configured for manual control, breaker control typically uses the larger, optional user-programmable pushbuttons, making the control pushbuttons available for other user applications.
SETTING
CONTROL PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Enabled=1 SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 1/ BREAKER 1 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL: Enabled=1 SYSTEM SETUP/ BREAKERS/BREAKER 2/ BREAKER 2 PUSHBUTTON CONTROL: Enabled=1
When applicable
AND
RUN OFF ON TIMER 0 100 msec FLEXLOGIC OPERAND CONTROL PUSHBTN 1 ON 842010A2.CDR
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PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS
USER PUSHBUTTON 1
PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Disabled PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: PUSHBTN 1 HOLD: 0.0 s PUSHBTN 1 SET: Off PUSHBTN 1 RESET: Off PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST: Disabled PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST DELAY: 1.0 s PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE: Off PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL: Off PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: 0.00 s PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL: Off PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE: Disabled PUSHBUTTON 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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5
Range: FlexLogic operand Range: FlexLogic operand
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The optional user-programmable pushbuttons (specified in the order code) provide an easy and error-free method of entering digital state (on, off) information. The number of available pushbuttons is dependent on the faceplate module ordered with the relay. Type P faceplate: standard horizontal faceplate with 12 user-programmable pushbuttons. Type Q faceplate: enhanced horizontal faceplate with 16 user-programmable pushbuttons.
The digital state can be entered locally (by directly pressing the front panel pushbutton) or remotely (via FlexLogic operands) into FlexLogic equations, protection elements, and control elements. Typical applications include breaker control, autorecloser blocking, and setting groups changes. The user-programmable pushbuttons are under the control level of password protection. The user-configurable pushbuttons for the enhanced faceplate are shown below.
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USER LABEL 1
USER LABEL 2
USER LABEL 3
USER LABEL 4
USER LABEL 5
USER LABEL 6
USER LABEL 7
USER LABEL 8
USER LABEL 9
USER LABEL 10
USER LABEL 11
USER LABEL 12
USER LABEL 13
USER LABEL 14
USER LABEL 15
USER LABEL 16
842814A1.CDR
Figure 57: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS (ENHANCED FACEPLATE) The user-configurable pushbuttons for the standard faceplate are shown below.
1
USER LABEL
3
USER LABEL
5
USER LABEL
7
USER LABEL
9
USER LABEL
11
USER LABEL
2
USER LABEL
4
USER LABEL
6
USER LABEL
8
USER LABEL
10
USER LABEL
12
USER LABEL
842779A1.CDR
Figure 58: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS (STANDARD FACEPLATE) Both the standard and enhanced faceplate pushbuttons can be custom labeled with a factory-provided template, available online at http://www.GEmultilin.com. The EnerVista UR Setup software can also be used to create labels for the enhanced faceplate.
Each pushbutton asserts its own On and Off FlexLogic operands (for example, PUSHBUTTON 1 ON and PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF). These operands are available for each pushbutton and are used to program specific actions. If any pushbutton is active, the ANY PB ON operand will be asserted. Each pushbutton has an associated LED indicator. By default, this indicator displays the present status of the corresponding pushbutton (on or off). However, each LED indicator can be assigned to any FlexLogic operand through the PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL setting. The pushbuttons can be automatically controlled by activating the operands assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET (for latched and self-reset mode) and PUSHBTN 1 RESET (for latched mode only) settings. The pushbutton reset status is declared when the PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand is asserted. The activation and deactivation of user-programmable pushbuttons is dependent on whether latched or self-reset mode is programmed. Latched mode: In latched mode, a pushbutton can be set (activated) by asserting the operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET setting or by directly pressing the associated front panel pushbutton. The pushbutton maintains the set state until deactivated by the reset command or after a user-specified time delay. The state of each pushbutton is stored in non-volatile memory and maintained through a loss of control power. The pushbutton is reset (deactivated) in latched mode by asserting the operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 RESET setting or by directly pressing the associated active front panel pushbutton. It can also be programmed to reset automatically through the PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST and PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST DELAY settings. These settings enable the autoreset timer and specify the associated time delay. The autoreset timer can be used in select-before-operate (SBO) breaker control applications, where the command type (close/open) or breaker location (feeder number) must be selected prior to command execution. The selection must reset automatically if control is not executed within a specified time period. Self-reset mode: In self-reset mode, a pushbutton will remain active for the time it is pressed (the pulse duration) plus the dropout time specified in the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME setting. If the pushbutton is activated via FlexLogic, the pulse duration is specified by the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME only. The time the operand remains assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET setting has no effect on the pulse duration.
TIME
The pushbutton is reset (deactivated) in self-reset mode when the dropout delay specified in the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT setting expires. The pulse duration of the remote set, remote reset, or local pushbutton must be at least 50 ms to operate the pushbutton. This allows the user-programmable pushbuttons to properly operate during power cycling events and various system disturbances that may cause transient assertion of the operating signals.
NOTE
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The local and remote operation of each user-programmable pushbutton can be inhibited through the PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL and PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE settings, respectively. If local locking is applied, the pushbutton will ignore set and reset commands executed through the front panel pushbuttons. If remote locking is applied, the pushbutton will ignore set and reset commands executed through FlexLogic operands. The locking functions are not applied to the autorestart feature. In this case, the inhibit function can be used in SBO control operations to prevent the pushbutton function from being activated and ensuring one-at-a-time select operation. The locking functions can also be used to prevent the accidental pressing of the front panel pushbuttons. The separate inhibit of the local and remote operation simplifies the implementation of local/remote control supervision. Pushbutton states can be logged by the event recorder and displayed as target messages. In latched mode, user-defined messages can also be associated with each pushbutton and displayed when the pushbutton is on or changing to off. PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: This setting selects the characteristic of the pushbutton. If set to Disabled, the pushbutton is not active and the corresponding FlexLogic operands (both On and Off) are de-asserted. If set to SelfReset, the control logic is activated by the pulse (longer than 100 ms) issued when the pushbutton is being physically pressed or virtually pressed via a FlexLogic operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET setting. When in Self-Reset mode and activated locally, the pushbutton control logic asserts the On corresponding FlexLogic operand as long as the pushbutton is being physically pressed, and after being released the deactivation of the operand is delayed by the drop out timer. The Off operand is asserted when the pushbutton element is deactivated. If the pushbutton is activated remotely, the control logic of the pushbutton asserts the corresponding On FlexLogic operand only for the time period specified by the PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME setting. If set to Latched, the control logic alternates the state of the corresponding FlexLogic operand between On and Off on each button press or by virtually activating the pushbutton (assigning set and reset operands). When in the Latched mode, the states of the FlexLogic operands are stored in a non-volatile memory. Should the power supply be lost, the correct state of the pushbutton is retained upon subsequent power up of the relay. PUSHBTN 1 ID TEXT: This setting specifies the top 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is intended to provide ID information of the pushbutton. Refer to the User-definable displays section for instructions on how to enter alphanumeric characters from the keypad. PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT: This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is displayed when the pushbutton is in the on position. Refer to the User-definable displays section for instructions on entering alphanumeric characters from the keypad. PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT: This setting specifies the bottom 20-character line of the user-programmable message and is displayed when the pushbutton is activated from the on to the off position and the PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION is Latched. This message is not displayed when the PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION is Self-reset as the pushbutton operand status is implied to be Off upon its release. The length of the Off message is configured with the PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES FLASH MESSAGE TIME setting. PUSHBTN 1 HOLD: This setting specifies the time required for a pushbutton to be pressed before it is deemed active. This timer is reset upon release of the pushbutton. Note that any pushbutton operation will require the pushbutton to be pressed a minimum of 50 ms. This minimum time is required prior to activating the pushbutton hold timer. PUSHBTN 1 SET: This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to operate the pushbutton element and to assert PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand. The duration of the incoming set signal must be at least 100 ms. PUSHBTN 1 RESET: This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to reset pushbutton element and to assert PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand. This setting is applicable only if pushbutton is in latched mode. The duration of the incoming reset signal must be at least 50 ms. PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST: This setting enables the user-programmable pushbutton autoreset feature. This setting is applicable only if the pushbutton is in the Latched mode. PUSHBTN 1 AUTORST DELAY: This setting specifies the time delay for automatic reset of the pushbutton when in the latched mode. PUSHBTN 1 REMOTE: This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to inhibit pushbutton operation from the operand assigned to the PUSHBTN 1 SET or PUSHBTN 1 RESET settings. PUSHBTN 1 LOCAL: This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to inhibit pushbutton operation from the front panel pushbuttons. This locking functionality is not applicable to pushbutton autoreset.
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PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: This setting applies only to Self-Reset mode and specifies the duration of the pushbutton active status after the pushbutton has been released. When activated remotely, this setting specifies the entire activation time of the pushbutton status; the length of time the operand remains on has no effect on the pulse duration. This setting is required to set the duration of the pushbutton operating pulse. PUSHBTN 1 LED CTL: This setting assigns the FlexLogic operand serving to drive pushbutton LED. If this setting is Off, then LED operation is directly linked to PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand. PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE: If pushbutton message is set to High Priority, the message programmed in the PUSHBTN 1 and PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT settings will be displayed undisturbed as long as PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is asserted. The high priority option is not applicable to the PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT setting.
ID
This message can be temporary removed if any front panel keypad button is pressed. However, ten seconds of keypad inactivity will restore the message if the PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is still active. If the PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE is set to Normal, the message programmed in the PUSHBTN 1 ID and PUSHBTN 1 ON TEXT settings will be displayed as long as PUSHBUTTON 1 ON operand is asserted, but not longer than time period specified by FLASH MESSAGE TIME setting. After the flash time is expired, the default message or other active target message is displayed. The instantaneous reset of the flash message will be executed if any relay front panel button is pressed or any new target or message becomes active. The PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT setting is linked to PUSHBUTTON 1 OFF operand and will be displayed in PUSHBTN 1 ID only if pushbutton element is in the Latched mode. The PUSHBTN 1 OFF TEXT message as Normal if the PUSHBTN 1 MESSAGE setting is High Priority or Normal. conjunction with will be displayed
PUSHBUTTON 1 EVENTS: If this setting is enabled, each pushbutton state change will be logged as an event into event recorder.
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LATCHED
OR
LATCHED/SELF-RESET
Non-volatile latch
S
TIMER 50 ms
R
Latch
0
OR
TIMER 50 ms 0
OR
AND
OR
AND AND
OR
PUSHBUTTON ON
5
SETTING Drop-Out Timer 0
0
AND
TIMER 200 ms 0
AND
OR
TRST
842021A3.CDR
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LATCHED
TRST
LATCHED/SELF-RESET
AND
PUSHBUTTON ON
The message is temporarily removed if any keypad button is pressed. Ten (10) seconds of keypad inactivity restores the message.
AND
Instantaneous reset will be executed if any front panel button is pressed or any new target or message becomes active.
OR
Pushbutton 1 LED
PUSHBUTTON 16 ON The enhanced front panel has 16 operands; the standard front panel has 12
842024A2.CDR
Figure 510: USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTON LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 2) User-programmable pushbuttons require a type HP or HQ faceplate. If an HP or HQ type faceplate was ordered separately, the relay order code must be changed to indicate the correct faceplate option. This can be done via EnerVista UR Setup with the Maintenance > Enable Pushbutton command. 5.2.14 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP FLEX STATE PARAMETERS
NOTE
MESSAGE
1: 2:
This feature provides a mechanism where any of 256 selected FlexLogic operand states can be used for efficient monitoring. The feature allows user-customized access to the FlexLogic operand states in the relay. The state bits are packed so that 16 states may be read out in a single Modbus register. The state bits can be configured so that all of the states which are of interest to the user are available in a minimum number of Modbus registers.
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The state bits may be read out in the Flex States register array beginning at Modbus address 0900h. Sixteen states are packed into each register, with the lowest-numbered state in the lowest-order bit. There are sixteen registers to accommodate the 256 state bits. 5.2.15 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
1 2
MESSAGE
USER DISPLAY 16
This menu provides a mechanism for manually creating up to 16 user-defined information displays in a convenient viewing sequence in the USER DISPLAYS menu (between the TARGETS and ACTUAL VALUES top-level menus). The sub-menus facilitate text entry and Modbus register data pointer options for defining the user display content. Once programmed, the user-definable displays can be viewed in two ways. KEYPAD: Use the MENU key to select the USER DISPLAYS menu item to access the first user-definable display (note that only the programmed screens are displayed). The screens can be scrolled using the UP and DOWN keys. The DISPLAY PROPERdisplay disappears after the default message time-out period specified by the PRODUCT SETUP TIES DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT setting. USER-PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL INPUT: The user-definable displays also respond to the INVOKE AND SCROLL setting. Any FlexLogic operand (in particular, the user-programmable pushbutton operands), can be used to navigate the programmed displays. On the rising edge of the configured operand (such as when the pushbutton is pressed), the displays are invoked by showing the last user-definable display shown during the previous activity. From this moment onward, the operand acts exactly as the down key and allows scrolling through the configured displays. The last display wraps up to the first one. The INVOKE AND SCROLL input and the DOWN key operate concurrently. When the default timer expires (set by the DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT setting), the relay will start to cycle through the user displays. The next activity of the INVOKE AND SCROLL input stops the cycling at the currently displayed user display, not at the first user-defined display. The INVOKE AND SCROLL pulses must last for at least 250 ms to take effect.
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5 SETTINGS
USER DISPLAY 1
DISP 1 TOP LINE: DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: DISP 1 ITEM 1 0 DISP 1 ITEM 2 0 DISP 1 ITEM 3 0 DISP 1 ITEM 4 0 DISP 1 ITEM 5: 0
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Any existing system display can be automatically copied into an available user display by selecting the existing display and pressing the ENTER key. The display will then prompt ADD TO USER DISPLAY LIST?. After selecting Yes, a message indicates that the selected display has been added to the user display list. When this type of entry occurs, the sub-menus are automatically configured with the proper content this content may subsequently be edited. This menu is used to enter user-defined text and user-selected Modbus-registered data fields into the particular user display. Each user display consists of two 20-character lines (top and bottom). The tilde (~) character is used to mark the start of a data field - the length of the data field needs to be accounted for. Up to five separate data fields can be entered in a user display - the nth tilde (~) refers to the nth item. A User Display may be entered from the faceplate keypad or the EnerVista UR Setup interface (preferred for convenience). The following procedure shows how to enter text characters in the top and bottom lines from the faceplate keypad: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Select the line to be edited. Press the decimal key to enter text edit mode. Use either VALUE key to scroll through the characters. A space is selected like a character. Press the decimal key to advance the cursor to the next position. Repeat step 3 and continue entering characters until the desired text is displayed. The HELP key may be pressed at any time for context sensitive help information. Press the ENTER key to store the new settings.
To enter a numerical value for any of the five items (the decimal form of the selected Modbus address) from the faceplate keypad, use the number keypad. Use the value of 0 for any items not being used. Use the HELP key at any selected system display (setting, actual value, or command) which has a Modbus address, to view the hexadecimal form of the Modbus address, then manually convert it to decimal form before entering it (EnerVista UR Setup usage conveniently facilitates this conversion). Use the MENU key to go to the user displays menu to view the user-defined content. The current user displays will show in sequence, changing every 4 seconds. While viewing a user display, press the ENTER key and then select the Yes option to remove the display from the user display list. Use the MENU key again to exit the user displays menu.
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5 SETTINGS An example user display setup and result is shown below: USER DISPLAY 1 DISP 1 TOP LINE: Current X ~ A
MESSAGE
DISP 1 BOTTOM LINE: Current Y ~ A DISP 1 ITEM 1: 6016 DISP 1 ITEM 2: 6357 DISP 1 ITEM 3: 0 DISP 1 ITEM 4: 0 DISP 1 ITEM 5: 0
MESSAGE
Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus Register Address, corresponding to first Tilde marker. Shows decimal form of user-selected Modbus Register Address, corresponding to 2nd Tilde marker. This item is not being used - there is no corresponding Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines. This item is not being used - there is no corresponding Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines. This item is not being used - there is no corresponding Tilde marker in Top or Bottom lines.
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
USER DISPLAYS
Current X Current Y
0.850 A 0.327 A
DIRECT I/O
Range: 1 to 16 in steps of 1
DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: Yes DIRECT I/O CH2 RING CONFIGURATION: Yes DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: 64 kbps DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER: Disabled CRC ALARM CH1 CRC ALARM CH2 UNRETURNED MESSAGES ALARM CH1 UNRETURNED MESSAGES ALARM CH2
Range: Yes, No
Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
See page 561. See page 561. See page 562. See page 562.
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Direct inputs and outputs are intended for exchange of status information (inputs and outputs) between UR-series relays connected directly via type 7 digital communications cards. The mechanism is very similar to IEC 61850 GSSE, except that communications takes place over a non-switchable isolated network and is optimized for speed. On type 7 cards that support two channels, direct output messages are sent from both channels simultaneously. This effectively sends direct output
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messages both ways around a ring configuration. On type 7 cards that support one channel, direct output messages are sent only in one direction. Messages will be resent (forwarded) when it is determined that the message did not originate at the receiver. Direct output message timing is similar to GSSE message timing. Integrity messages (with no state changes) are sent at least every 1000 ms. Messages with state changes are sent within the main pass scanning the inputs and asserting the outputs unless the communication channel bandwidth has been exceeded. Two self-tests are performed and signaled by the following FlexLogic operands: 1. 2.
DIRECT RING BREAK (direct input/output ring break). This FlexLogic operand indicates that direct output messages
sent from a UR-series relay are not being received back by the relay.
DIRECT DEVICE 1 OFF to DIRECT DEVICE 16 OFF (direct device offline). These FlexLogic operands indicate that direct
output messages from at least one direct device are not being received. Direct input and output settings are similar to remote input and output settings. The equivalent of the remote device name strings for direct inputs and outputs is the DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID. The DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID setting identifies the relay in all direct output messages. All UR-series IEDs in a ring should have unique numbers assigned. The IED ID is used to identify the sender of the direct input and output message.
CH2 RING CONFIGURATION
If the direct input and output scheme is configured to operate in a ring (DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION or DIRECT I/O is Yes), all direct output messages should be received back. If not, the direct input/output ring break self-test is triggered. The self-test error is signaled by the DIRECT RING BREAK FlexLogic operand.
Select the DIRECT I/O DATA RATE to match the data capabilities of the communications channel. All IEDs communicating over direct inputs and outputs must be set to the same data rate. UR-series IEDs equipped with dual-channel communications cards apply the same data rate to both channels. Delivery time for direct input and output messages is approximately 0.2 of a power system cycle at 128 kbps and 0.4 of a power system cycle at 64 kbps, per each bridge.
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5 SETTINGS
The G.703 modules are fixed at 64 kbps. The DIRECT I/O DATA RATE setting is not applicable to these modules.
NOTE
The DIRECT I/O CHANNEL CROSSOVER setting applies to D60s with dual-channel communication cards and allows crossing over messages from channel 1 to channel 2. This places all UR-series IEDs into one direct input and output network regardless of the physical media of the two communication channels. The following application examples illustrate the basic concepts for direct input and output configuration. Please refer to the Inputs and outputs section in this chapter for information on configuring FlexLogic operands (flags, bits) to be exchanged.
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP EXAMPLE 1: EXTENDING THE INPUT/OUTPUT CAPABILITIES OF A UR-SERIES RELAY
5 SETTINGS
Consider an application that requires additional quantities of digital inputs or output contacts or lines of programmable logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR-series chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR-series IED, such as the C30, to satisfy the additional input and output and programmable logic requirements. The two IEDs are connected via single-channel digital communication cards as shown in the figure below.
TX1
UR IED 1
RX1
TX1
UR IED 2
RX1
842711A1.CDR
Figure 511: INPUT AND OUTPUT EXTENSION VIA DIRECT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS In the above application, the following settings should be applied. For UR-series IED 1:
DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: 1 DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: 128 kbps
Yes
DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: 2 DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: DIRECT I/O DATA RATE: 128 kbps
Yes
The message delivery time is about 0.2 of power cycle in both ways (at 128 kbps); that is, from device 1 to device 2, and from device 2 to device 1. Different communications cards can be selected by the user for this back-to-back connection (for example: fiber, G.703, or RS422). EXAMPLE 2: INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme could be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream devices, say 2, 3, and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown below.
UR IED 1
BLOCK
UR IED 2
UR IED 3
UR IED 4
842712A1.CDR
Figure 512: SAMPLE INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION SCHEME For increased reliability, a dual-ring configuration (shown below) is recommended for this application.
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5 SETTINGS
TX1
RX1
UR IED 1
RX2 TX2
RX1
TX2
RX2
TX1
UR IED 2
TX1 RX2 TX2
UR IED 4
RX1
TX2
RX2
UR IED 3
RX1 TX1
842716A1.CDR
Figure 513: INTERLOCKING BUS PROTECTION SCHEME VIA DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS In the above application, the following settings should be applied. For UR-series IED 1:
DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: 1 DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: DIRECT I/O CH2 RING CONFIGURATION:
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Message delivery time is approximately 0.2 of power system cycle (at 128 kbps) times number of bridges between the origin and destination. Dual-ring configuration effectively reduces the maximum communications distance by a factor of two. In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both rings are healthy: IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 4: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 3 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle. If one ring is broken (say TX2-RX2) the delivery times are as follows: IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 4: 0.6 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 4: 0.4 of power system cycle; IED 3 to IED 4: 0.2 of power system cycle. A coordinating timer for this bus protection scheme could be selected to cover the worst case scenario (0.4 of a power system cycle). Upon detecting a broken ring, the coordination time should be adaptively increased to 0.6 of a power system cycle. The complete application requires addressing a number of issues such as failure of both the communications rings, failure or out-of-service conditions of one of the relays, etc. Self-monitoring flags of the direct inputs and outputs feature would be primarily used to address these concerns.
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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP EXAMPLE 3: PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES Consider the three-terminal line protection application shown below:
UR IED 1
5 SETTINGS
UR IED 2
UR IED 3
842713A1.CDR
Figure 514: THREE-TERMINAL LINE APPLICATION A permissive pilot-aided scheme could be implemented in a two-ring configuration as shown below (IEDs 1 and 2 constitute a first ring, while IEDs 2 and 3 constitute a second ring):
TX1
RX1
RX2
UR IED 1
RX1 TX1
UR IED 2
TX2
5
RX1
UR IED 3
TX1
842714A1.CDR
Figure 515: SINGLE-CHANNEL OPEN LOOP CONFIGURATION In the above application, the following settings should be applied. For UR-series IED 1:
DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: 1 DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: DIRECT I/O CH2 RING CONFIGURATION:
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps): IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.5 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle. In the above scheme, IEDs 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. IED 2 must be configured to forward the messages as explained in the Inputs and outputs section. A blocking pilot-aided scheme should be implemented with more security and, ideally, faster message delivery time. This could be accomplished using a dual-ring configuration as shown below.
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5 SETTINGS
TX2
TX1
RX1
RX2
UR IED 1
RX1 RX2 TX2
UR IED 2
TX1
TX1
RX1
UR IED 3
RX2 TX2
842715A1.CDR
Figure 516: DUAL-CHANNEL CLOSED LOOP (DUAL-RING) CONFIGURATION In the above application, the following settings should be applied. For UR-series IED 1:
DIRECT OUTPUT DEVICE ID: 1 DIRECT I/O CH1 RING CONFIGURATION: DIRECT I/O CH2 RING CONFIGURATION:
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
In this configuration the following delivery times are expected (at 128 kbps) if both the rings are healthy: IED 1 to IED 2: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 1 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle; IED 2 to IED 3: 0.2 of power system cycle. The two communications configurations could be applied to both permissive and blocking schemes. Speed, reliability and cost should be taken into account when selecting the required architecture. b) CRC ALARMS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP DIRECT I/O CRC ALARM CH1(2) Range: Enabled, Disabled
CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT: 600 CRC ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD: 10 CRC ALARM CH1 EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The D60 checks integrity of the incoming direct input and output messages using a 32-bit CRC. The CRC alarm function is available for monitoring the communication medium noise by tracking the rate of messages failing the CRC check. The monitoring function counts all incoming messages, including messages that failed the CRC check. A separate counter adds up messages that failed the CRC check. When the failed CRC counter reaches the user-defined level specified by the CRC ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD setting within the user-defined message count CRC ALARM 1 CH1 COUNT, the DIR IO CH1 CRC ALARM FlexLogic operand is set. When the total message counter reaches the user-defined maximum specified by the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT setting, both the counters reset and the monitoring process is restarted.
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The operand shall be configured to drive an output contact, user-programmable LED, or selected communication-based output. Latching and acknowledging conditions - if required - should be programmed accordingly. The CRC alarm function is available on a per-channel basis. The total number of direct input and output messages that failed the CRC check is available as the ACTUAL VALUES STATUS DIRECT INPUTS CRC FAIL COUNT CH1 actual value. Message count and length of the monitoring window: To monitor communications integrity, the relay sends 1 message per second (at 64 kbps) or 2 messages per second (128 kbps) even if there is no change in the direct outputs. For example, setting the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT to 10000, corresponds a time window of about 160 minutes at 64 kbps and 80 minutes at 128 kbps. If the messages are sent faster as a result of direct outputs activity, the monitoring time interval will shorten. This should be taken into account when determining the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT setting. For example, if the requirement is a maximum monitoring time interval of 10 minutes at 64 kbps, then the CRC ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT should be set to 10 60 1 = 600. Correlation of failed CRC and bit error rate (BER): The CRC check may fail if one or more bits in a packet are corrupted. Therefore, an exact correlation between the CRC fail rate and the BER is not possible. Under certain assumptions an approximation can be made as follows. A direct input and output packet containing 20 bytes results in 160 bits of data being sent and therefore, a transmission of 63 packets is equivalent to 10,000 bits. A BER of 104 implies 1 bit error for every 10000 bits sent or received. Assuming the best case of only 1 bit error in a failed packet, having 1 failed packet for every 63 received is about equal to a BER of 104.
UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 FUNCTION: Disabled UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT: 600 UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD: 10 UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The D60 checks integrity of the direct input and output communication ring by counting unreturned messages. In the ring configuration, all messages originating at a given device should return within a pre-defined period of time. The unreturned messages alarm function is available for monitoring the integrity of the communication ring by tracking the rate of unreturned messages. This function counts all the outgoing messages and a separate counter adds the messages have failed to return. When the unreturned messages counter reaches the user-definable level specified by the UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 THRESHOLD setting and within the user-defined message count UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 COUNT, the DIR IO CH1 UNRET ALM FlexLogic operand is set. When the total message counter reaches the user-defined maximum specified by the UNRET MSGS ALARM CH1 MESSAGE COUNT setting, both the counters reset and the monitoring process is restarted. The operand shall be configured to drive an output contact, user-programmable LED, or selected communication-based output. Latching and acknowledging conditions, if required, should be programmed accordingly. The unreturned messages alarm function is available on a per-channel basis and is active only in the ring configuration. The total number of unreturned input and output messages is available as the ACTUAL VALUES STATUS DIRECT INPUTS UNRETURNED MSG COUNT CH1 actual value.
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5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
TELEPROTECTION
TELEPROTECTION
NUMBER OF TERMINALS: 2 NUMBER OF COMM CHANNELS: 1 LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER: 0 TERMINAL 1 RELAY ID NUMBER: 0 TERMINAL 2 RELAY ID NUMBER: 0
Range: 2, 3
Range: 1, 2
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Digital teleprotection functionality is designed to transfer protection commands between two or three relays in a secure, fast, dependable, and deterministic fashion. Possible applications are permissive or blocking pilot schemes and direct transfer trip (DTT). Teleprotection can be applied over any analog or digital channels and any communications media, such as direct fiber, copper wires, optical networks, or microwave radio links. A mixture of communication media is possible. Once teleprotection is enabled and the teleprotection input/outputs are configured, data packets are transmitted continuously every 1/4 cycle (3/8 cycle if using C37.94 modules) from peer-to-peer. Security of communication channel data is achieved by using CRC-32 on the data packet. Teleprotection inputs/outputs and direct inputs/outputs are mutually exclusive as such, they cannot be used simulatneously. Once teleprotection inputs and outputs are enabled, direct inputs and outputs are blocked, and vice versa.
NOTE
NUMBER OF TERMINALS: Specifies whether the teleprotection system operates between two peers or three peers. NUMBER OF CHANNELS: Specifies how many channels are used. If the NUMBER OF TERMINALS is 3 (three-terminal system), set the NUMBER OF CHANNELS to 2. For a two-terminal system, the NUMBER OF CHANNELS can set to 1 or 2 (redundant channels). LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER, TERMINAL 1 RELAY ID NUMBER, and TERMINAL 2 RELAY ID NUMBER: In installations that use multiplexers or modems, it is desirable to ensure that the data used by the relays protecting a given line is from the correct relays. The teleprotection function performs this check by reading the message ID sent by transmitting relays and comparing it to the programmed ID in the receiving relay. This check is also used to block inputs if inadvertently set to loopback mode or data is being received from a wrong relay by checking the ID on a received channel. If an incorrect ID is found on a channel during normal operation, the TELEPROT CH1 ID FAIL or TELEPROT CH2 ID FAIL FlexLogic operand is set, driving the event with the same name and blocking the teleprotection inputs. For commisCHANNEL TESTS VALIDITY OF sioning purposes, the result of channel identification is also shown in the STATUS CHANNEL CONFIGURATION actual value. The default value of 0 for the LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER indicates that relay ID is not to be checked. On two- terminals two-channel systems, the same LOCAL RELAY ID NUMBER is transmitted over both channels; as such, only the TERMINAL 1 ID NUMBER has to be programmed on the receiving end. 5.2.18 INSTALLATION
PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION
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To safeguard against the installation of a relay without any entered settings, the unit will not allow signaling of any output relay until RELAY SETTINGS is set to "Programmed". This setting is defaulted to "Not Programmed" when at the factory. The UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED self-test error message is displayed until the relay is put into the "Programmed" state. The RELAY NAME setting allows the user to uniquely identify a relay. This name will appear on generated reports. This name is also used to identify specific devices which are engaged in automatically sending/receiving data over the Ethernet communications channel using the IEC 61850 protocol.
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When D60 is ordered with a process card module as a part of HardFiber system, then an additional Remote Resources menu tree is available in EnerVista UR Setup software to allow configuring HardFiber system.
Figure 517: REMOTE RESOURCES CONFIGURATION MENU The remote resources settings configure a D60 with a process bus module to work with devices called Bricks. Remote resources configuration is only available through the EnerVista UR Setup software, and is not available through the D60 front panel. A Brick provides eight AC measurements, along with contact inputs, DC analog inputs, and contact outputs, to be the remote interface to field equipment such as circuit breakers and transformers. The D60 with a process bus module has access to all of the capabilities of up to eight Bricks. Remote resources settings configure the point-to-point connection between specific fiber optic ports on the D60 process card and specific Brick. The relay is then configured to measure specific currents, voltages and contact inputs from those Bricks, and to control specific outputs. The configuration process for remote resources is straightforward and consists of the following steps. Configure the field units. This establishes the point-to-point connection between a specific port on the relay process bus module, and a specific digital core on a specific Brick. This is a necessary first step in configuring a process bus relay. Configure the AC banks. This sets the primary and secondary quantities and connections for currents and voltages. AC bank configuration also provides a provision for redundant measurements for currents and voltages, a powerful reliability improvement possible with process bus. Configure signal sources. This functionality of the D60 has not changed other than the requirement to use currents and voltages established by AC bank configuration under the remote resources menu. Configure field contact inputs, field contact outputs, RTDs, and transducers as required for the application's functionality. These inputs and outputs are the physical interface to circuit breakers, transformers, and other equipment. They replace the traditional contact inputs and outputs located at the relay to virtually eliminate copper wiring. Configure shared inputs and outputs as required for the application's functionality. Shared inputs and outputs are distinct binary channels that provide high-speed protection quality signaling between relays through a Brick.
For additional information on how to configure a relay with a process bus module, please refer to GE publication number GEK-113500: HardFiber System Instruction Manual.
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CURRENT BANK F1
PHASE CT F1 PRIMARY:
1 A
Range: 1 A, 5 A
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Range: 1 A, 5 A
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Because energy parameters are accumulated, these values should be recorded and then reset immediately prior to changing CT characteristics.
NOTE
Four banks of phase and ground CTs can be set, where the current banks are denoted in the following format (X represents the module slot position letter): Xa, where X = {F, M} and a = {1, 5}. See the Introduction to AC Sources section at the beginning of this chapter for additional details.
These settings are critical for all features that have settings dependent on current measurements. When the relay is ordered, the CT module must be specified to include a standard or sensitive ground input. As the phase CTs are connected in wye (star), the calculated phasor sum of the three phase currents (IA + IB + IC = neutral current = 3Io) is used as the input for the neutral overcurrent elements. In addition, a zero-sequence (core balance) CT which senses current in all of the circuit primary conductors, or a CT in a neutral grounding conductor may also be used. For this configuration, the ground CT primary rating must be entered. To detect low level ground fault currents, the sensitive ground input may be used. In this case, the sensitive ground CT primary rating must be entered. Refer to chapter 3 for more details on CT connections. Enter the rated CT primary current values. For both 1000:5 and 1000:1 CTs, the entry would be 1000. For correct operation, the CT secondary rating must match the setting (which must also correspond to the specific CT connections used). The following example illustrates how multiple CT inputs (current banks) are summed as one source current. Given If the following current banks: F1: CT bank with 500:1 ratio. F5: CT bank with 1000: ratio. M1: CT bank with 800:1 ratio.
1 pu is the highest primary current. In this case, 1000 is entered and the secondary current from the 500:1 ratio CT will be adjusted to that created by a 1000:1 CT before summation. If a protection element is set up to act on SRC 1 currents, then a pickup level of 1 pu will operate on 1000 A primary. The same rule applies for current sums from CTs with different secondary taps (5 A and 1 A).
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VOLTAGE BANK F5
PHASE VT F5 CONNECTION: Wye PHASE VT F5 SECONDARY: 66.4 V PHASE VT F5 RATIO: 1.00 :1 AUXILIARY VT F5 CONNECTION: Vag AUXILIARY VT F5 SECONDARY: 66.4 V AUXILIARY VT F5 RATIO: 1.00 :1
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Because energy parameters are accumulated, these values should be recorded and then reset immediately prior to changing VT characteristics.
CAUTION
Two banks of phase/auxiliary VTs can be set, where voltage banks are denoted in the following format (X represents the module slot position letter): Xa, where X = {F, M} and a = {5}. See the Introduction to AC sources section at the beginning of this chapter for additional details. With VTs installed, the relay can perform voltage measurements as well as power calculations. Enter the PHASE VT F5 CONNECTION made to the system as Wye or Delta. An open-delta source VT connection would be entered as Delta. The nominal PHASE VT F5 SECONDARY voltage setting is the voltage across the relay input terminals when nominal voltage is applied to the VT primary. For example, on a system with a 13.8 kV nominal primary voltage and with a 14400:120 volt VT in a delta connection, the secondary voltage would be 115; that is, (13800 / 14400) 120. For a wye connection, the voltage value entered must be the phase to neutral voltage which would be 115 / 3 = 66.4. On a 14.4 kV system with a delta connection and a VT primary to secondary turns ratio of 14400:120, the voltage value entered would be 120; that is, 14400 / 120. 5.4.2 POWER SYSTEM
PATH: SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM
NOTE
POWER SYSTEM
NOMINAL FREQUENCY: 60 Hz
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Range: 25 to 60 Hz in steps of 1
PHASE ROTATION: ABC FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE: SRC 1 FREQUENCY TRACKING: Enabled
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The power system NOMINAL FREQUENCY value is used as a default to set the digital sampling rate if the system frequency cannot be measured from available signals. This may happen if the signals are not present or are heavily distorted. Before reverting to the nominal frequency, the frequency tracking algorithm holds the last valid frequency measurement for a safe period of time while waiting for the signals to reappear or for the distortions to decay.
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5 SETTINGS
The phase sequence of the power system is required to properly calculate sequence components and power parameters. The PHASE ROTATION setting matches the power system phase sequence. Note that this setting informs the relay of the actual system phase sequence, either ABC or ACB. CT and VT inputs on the relay, labeled as A, B, and C, must be connected to system phases A, B, and C for correct operation. The FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting determines which signal source is used (and hence which AC signal) for phase angle reference. The AC signal used is prioritized based on the AC inputs that are configured for the signal source: phase voltages takes precedence, followed by auxiliary voltage, then phase currents, and finally ground current. For three phase selection, phase A is used for angle referencing ( V ANGLE REF = V A ), while Clarke transformation of the phase signals is used for frequency metering and tracking ( V FREQUENCY = ( 2V A V B V C ) 3 ) for better performance during fault, open pole, and VT and CT fail conditions. The phase reference and frequency tracking AC signals are selected based upon the Source configuration, regardless of whether or not a particular signal is actually applied to the relay. Phase angle of the reference signal will always display zero degrees and all other phase angles will be relative to this signal. If the pre-selected reference signal is not measurable at a given time, the phase angles are not referenced. The phase angle referencing is done via a phase locked loop, which can synchronize independent UR-series relays if they have the same AC signal reference. These results in very precise correlation of time tagging in the event recorder between different UR-series relays provided the relays have an IRIG-B connection.
FREQUENCY TRACKING
NOTE
should only be set to Disabled in very unusual circumstances; consult the factory for special variable-frequency applications. The frequency tracking feature will function only when the D60 is in the Programmed mode. If the D60 is Not Programmed, then metering values will be available but may exhibit significant errors.
NOTE
SOURCE 1
SOURCE 1 PHASE CT: None SOURCE 1 GROUND CT: None SOURCE 1 PHASE VT: None SOURCE 1 AUX VT: None
Range: None, F1, F5, F1+F5,... up to a combination of any 6 CTs. Only Phase CT inputs are displayed. Range: None, F1, F5, F1+F5,... up to a combination of any 6 CTs. Only Ground CT inputs are displayed. Range: None, F5, M5 Only phase voltage inputs will be displayed. Range: None, F5, M5 Only auxiliary voltage inputs will be displayed.
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Identical menus are available for each source. The "SRC 1" text can be replaced by with a user-defined name appropriate for the associated source. The first letter in the source identifier represents the module slot position. The number directly following this letter represents either the first bank of four channels (1, 2, 3, 4) called 1 or the second bank of four channels (5, 6, 7, 8) called 5 in a particular CT/VT module. Refer to the Introduction to AC sources section at the beginning of this chapter for additional details on this concept. It is possible to select the sum of all CT combinations. The first channel displayed is the CT to which all others will be referred. For example, the selection F1+F5 indicates the sum of each phase from channels F1 and F5, scaled to whichever CT has the higher ratio. Selecting None hides the associated actual values.
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5 SETTINGS
The approach used to configure the AC sources consists of several steps; first step is to specify the information about each CT and VT input. For CT inputs, this is the nominal primary and secondary current. For VTs, this is the connection type, ratio and nominal secondary voltage. Once the inputs have been specified, the configuration for each source is entered, including specifying which CTs will be summed together. User selection of AC parameters for comparator elements: CT/VT modules automatically calculate all current and voltage parameters from the available inputs. Users must select the specific input parameters to be measured by every element in the relevant settings menu. The internal design of the element specifies which type of parameter to use and provides a setting for source selection. In elements where the parameter may be either fundamental or RMS magnitude, such as phase time overcurrent, two settings are provided. One setting specifies the source, the second setting selects between fundamental phasor and RMS. AC input actual values: The calculated parameters associated with the configured voltage and current inputs are displayed in the current and voltage sections of actual values. Only the phasor quantities associated with the actual AC physical input channels will be displayed here. All parameters contained within a configured source are displayed in the sources section of the actual values. DISTURBANCE DETECTORS (INTERNAL): The disturbance detector (ANSI 50DD) element is a sensitive current disturbance detector that detects any disturbance on the protected system. The 50DD function is intended for use in conjunction with measuring elements, blocking of current based elements (to prevent maloperation as a result of the wrong settings), and starting oscillography data capture. A disturbance detector is provided for each source. The 50DD function responds to the changes in magnitude of the sequence currents. The disturbance detector scheme logic is as follows:
SETTING ACTUAL SOURCE 1 CURRENT PHASOR I_1 I_2 I_0 PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY PROPERTIES/CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL I_1 - I_1 >2*CUT-OFF I_2 - I_2 >2*CUT-OFF I_0 - I_0 >2*CUT-OFF Where I is 2 cycles old SETTING ACTUAL SOURCE 2 CURRENT PHASOR I_1 I_2 I_0 PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY PROPERTIES/CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL I_1 - I_1 >2*CUT-OFF I_2 - I_2 >2*CUT-OFF I_0 - I_0 >2*CUT-OFF Where I is 2 cycles old OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRC 2 50DD OP OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRC 1 50DD OP
SETTING ACTUAL SOURCE 6 CURRENT PHASOR I_1 I_2 I_0 PRODUCT SETUP/DISPLAY PROPERTIES/CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL I_1 - I_1 >2*CUT-OFF I_2 - I_2 >2*CUT-OFF I_0 - I_0 >2*CUT-OFF Where I is 2 cycles old
827092A3.CDR
Figure 518: DISTURBANCE DETECTOR LOGIC DIAGRAM The disturbance detector responds to the change in currents of twice the current cut-off level. The default cut-off threshold is 0.02 pu; thus by default the disturbance detector responds to a change of 0.04 pu. The metering sensitivity setting (PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL) controls the sensitivity of the disturbance detector accordingly. EXAMPLE USE OF SOURCES: An example of the use of sources is shown in the diagram below. A relay could have the following hardware configuration:
INCREASING SLOT POSITION LETTER --> CT/VT MODULE 1 CTs CT/VT MODULE 2 VTs CT/VT MODULE 3 not applicable
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5 SETTINGS
This configuration could be used on a two-winding transformer, with one winding connected into a breaker-and-a-half system. The following figure shows the arrangement of sources used to provide the functions required in this application, and the CT/VT inputs that are used to provide the data.
F1 DSP Bank
Source 2 Amps
U1
Volts Amps
A V W Var 87T
V A W Var 51P
UR Relay
M5
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PATH: SETTINGS
SYSTEM SETUP
BREAKERS
BREAKER 1
BREAKER1 PUSH BUTTON CONTROL: Disabled BREAKER 1 NAME: Bkr 1 BREAKER 1 MODE: 3-Pole BREAKER 1 OPEN: Off BREAKER 1 BLK OPEN: Off BREAKER 1 CLOSE: Off BREAKER 1 BLK CLOSE: Off BREAKER 1 A/3P CLSD: Off BREAKER 1 A/3P OPND: Off BREAKER 1 B CLOSED: Off BREAKER 1 B OPENED: Off BREAKER 1 C CLOSED: Off BREAKER 1 C OPENED: Off BREAKER 1 Toperate: 0.070 s BREAKER 1 EXT ALARM: Off BREAKER 1 ALARM DELAY: 0.000 s MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 TIME: 0.000 s BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV: Off BREAKER 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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5
Range: FlexLogic operand Range: FlexLogic operand
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5 SETTINGS
A description of the operation of the breaker control and status monitoring features is provided in chapter 4. Only information concerning programming of the associated settings is covered here. These features are provided for two or more breakers; a user may use only those portions of the design relevant to a single breaker, which must be breaker 1. The number of breaker control elements is dependent on the number of CT/VT modules specified with the D60. The following settings are available for each breaker control element. BREAKER 1 FUNCTION: This setting enables and disables the operation of the breaker control feature. BREAKER1 PUSH BUTTON CONTROL: Set to Enable to allow faceplate push button operations. BREAKER 1 NAME: Assign a user-defined name (up to six characters) to the breaker. This name will be used in flash messages related to breaker 1. BREAKER 1 MODE: This setting selects 3-pole mode, where all breaker poles are operated simultaneously, or 1pole mode where all breaker poles are operated either independently or simultaneously. BREAKER 1 OPEN: This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to open breaker 1. BREAKER 1 BLK OPEN: This setting selects an operand that prevents opening of the breaker. This setting can be used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA. BREAKER 1 CLOSE: This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to close breaker 1. BREAKER 1 BLK CLOSE: This setting selects an operand that prevents closing of the breaker. This setting can be used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA. BREAKER 1 A/3P CLOSED: This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a breaker auxiliary position tracking mechanism. This input should be a normally-open 52/a status input to create a logic 1 when the breaker is closed. If the BREAKER 1 MODE setting is selected as 3-Pole, this setting selects a single input as the operand used to track the breaker open or closed position. If the mode is selected as 1-Pole, the input mentioned above is used to track phase A and the BREAKER 1 B and BREAKER 1 C settings select operands to track phases B and C, respectively. BREAKER 1 A/3P OPND: This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input, that should be a normally-closed 52/b status input to create a logic 1 when the breaker is open. If a separate 52/b contact input is not available, then the inverted BREAKER 1 CLOSED status signal can be used. BREAKER 1 B CLOSED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase B closed position as above for phase A. BREAKER 1 B OPENED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase B opened position as above for phase A. BREAKER 1 C CLOSED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase C closed position as above for phase A. BREAKER 1 C OPENED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the breaker phase C opened position as above for phase A. BREAKER 1 Toperate: This setting specifies the required interval to overcome transient disagreement between the 52/a and 52/b auxiliary contacts during breaker operation. If transient disagreement still exists after this time has expired, the BREAKER 1 BAD STATUS FlexLogic operand is asserted from alarm or blocking purposes. BREAKER 1 EXT ALARM: This setting selects an operand, usually an external contact input, connected to a breaker alarm reporting contact. BREAKER 1 ALARM DELAY: This setting specifies the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three-pole position tracking operands will not declare a pole disagreement. This allows for non-simultaneous operation of the poles. If single-pole tripping and reclosing is used, the breaker may trip unsymmetrically for faults. In this case, the minimum alarm delay setting must exceed the maximum time required for fault clearing and reclosing by a suitable margin. MANUAL CLOSE RECAL1 TIME: This setting specifies the interval required to maintain setting changes in effect after an operator has initiated a manual close command to operate a circuit breaker. BREAKER 1 OUT OF SV: Selects an operand indicating that breaker 1 is out-of-service.
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5 SETTINGS
SETTING BREAKER 1 FUNCTION = Enabled = Disabled SETTING BREAKER 1 BLOCK OPEN Off = 0 D60, L60, and L90 devices only from trip output FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS TRIP PHASE A TRIP PHASE B TRIP PHASE C TRIP 3-POLE SETTING BREAKER 1 OPEN Off = 0
OR
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BREAKER 1 OFF CMD BREAKER 1 TRIP A BREAKER 1 TRIP B BREAKER 1 TRIP C
AND
AND
AND
BKR ENABLED
AND
OR
AND
OR
5
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR AND
BREAKER 1 ON CMD
827061AS.CDR
Figure 520: DUAL BREAKER CONTROL SCHEME LOGIC (Sheet 1 of 2) IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the D60 is in Programmed mode and not in the local control mode.
NOTE
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5 SETTINGS
BKR ENABLED
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR AND
BREAKER 1 CLOSED
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND AND OR
BREAKER 1 OPEN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
BREAKER 1 DISCREP
BREAKER 1 TROUBLE
Note: the BREAKER 1 TROUBLE LED can be latched using FlexLogic
0
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND
XOR
0
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND XOR
0
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND AND
842025A1.CDR
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5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
SYSTEM SETUP
SWITCHES
SWITCH 1
SWITCH 1 NAME: SW 1 SWITCH 1 MODE: 3-Pole SWITCH 1 OPEN: Off SWITCH 1 BLK OPEN: Off SWITCH 1 CLOSE: Off SWITCH 1 BLK CLOSE: Off SWTCH 1 A/3P CLSD: Off SWTCH 1 A/3P OPND: Off SWITCH 1 B CLOSED: Off SWITCH 1 B OPENED: Off SWITCH 1 C CLOSED: Off SWITCH 1 C OPENED: Off SWITCH 1 Toperate: 0.070 s SWITCH 1 ALARM DELAY: 0.000 s SWITCH 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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5
Range: FlexLogic operand Range: FlexLogic operand
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The disconnect switch element contains the auxiliary logic for status and serves as the interface for opening and closing of disconnect switches from SCADA or through the front panel interface. The disconnect switch element can be used to create an interlocking functionality. For greater security in determination of the switch pole position, both the 52/a and 52/b auxiliary contacts are used with reporting of the discrepancy between them. The number of available disconnect switches depends on the number of the CT/VT modules ordered with the D60. SWITCH 1 FUNCTION: This setting enables and disables the operation of the disconnect switch element. SWITCH 1 NAME: Assign a user-defined name (up to six characters) to the disconnect switch. This name will be used in flash messages related to disconnect switch 1. SWITCH 1 MODE: This setting selects 3-pole mode, where all disconnect switch poles are operated simultaneously, or 1-pole mode where all disconnect switch poles are operated either independently or simultaneously.
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5 SETTINGS
SWITCH 1 OPEN: This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to open disconnect switch 1. SWITCH 1 BLK OPEN: This setting selects an operand that prevents opening of the disconnect switch. This setting can be used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA. SWITCH 1 CLOSE: This setting selects an operand that creates a programmable signal to operate an output relay to close disconnect switch 1. SWITCH 1 BLK CLOSE: This setting selects an operand that prevents closing of the disconnect switch. This setting can be used for select-before-operate functionality or to block operation from a panel switch or from SCADA. SWTCH 1 A/3P CLSD: This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input connected to a disconnect switch auxiliary position tracking mechanism. This input should be a normally-open 52/a status input to create a logic 1 when the disconnect switch is closed. If the SWITCH 1 MODE setting is selected as 3-Pole, this setting selects a single input as the operand used to track the disconnect switch open or closed position. If the mode is selected as 1-Pole, the input mentioned above is used to track phase A and the SWITCH 1 B and SWITCH 1 C settings select operands to track phases B and C, respectively. SWITCH 1 A/3P OPND: This setting selects an operand, usually a contact input, that should be a normally-closed 52/b status input to create a logic 1 when the disconnect switch is open. If a separate 52/b contact input is not available, then the inverted SWITCH 1 CLOSED status signal can be used. SWITCH 1 B CLOSED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase B closed position as above for phase A. SWITCH 1 B OPENED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase B opened position as above for phase A. SWITCH 1 C CLOSED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase C closed position as above for phase A. SWITCH 1 C OPENED: If the mode is selected as three-pole, this setting has no function. If the mode is selected as single-pole, this input is used to track the disconnect switch phase C opened position as above for phase A. SWITCH 1 Toperate: This setting specifies the required interval to overcome transient disagreement between the 52/a and 52/b auxiliary contacts during disconnect switch operation. If transient disagreement still exists after this time has expired, the SWITCH 1 BAD STATUS FlexLogic operand is asserted from alarm or blocking purposes. SWITCH 1 ALARM DELAY: This setting specifies the delay interval during which a disagreement of status among the three-pole position tracking operands will not declare a pole disagreement. This allows for non-simultaneous operation of the poles. IEC 61850 functionality is permitted when the D60 is in Programmed mode and not in the local control mode.
NOTE
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FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND OR AND
SWITCH 1 CLOSED
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND AND OR
SWITCH 1 OPEN
0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR AND AND
5
SWITCH 1 TROUBLE
0
AND
AND AND
AND AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND XOR
0
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
XOR
AND AND
AND AND
AND
AND 842026A3.CDR
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a) SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP FLEXCURVES FLEXCURVE A(D) Range: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1
FLEXCURVE A
FlexCurves A through D have settings for entering times to reset and operate at the following pickup levels: 0.00 to 0.98 and 1.03 to 20.00. This data is converted into two continuous curves by linear interpolation between data points. To enter a custom FlexCurve, enter the reset and operate times (using the VALUE keys) for each selected pickup point (using the MESSAGE UP/DOWN keys) for the desired protection curve (A, B, C, or D). Table 56: FLEXCURVE TABLE
RESET 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 TIME MS RESET 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 TIME MS OPERATE 1.03 1.05 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 TIME MS OPERATE 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 TIME MS OPERATE 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 TIME MS OPERATE 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 TIME MS
0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66
NOTE
The relay using a given FlexCurve applies linear approximation for times between the user-entered points. Special care must be applied when setting the two points that are close to the multiple of pickup of 1; that is, 0.98 pu and 1.03 pu. It is recommended to set the two times to a similar value; otherwise, the linear approximation may result in undesired behavior for the operating quantity that is close to 1.00 pu.
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The EnerVista UR Setup software allows for easy configuration and management of FlexCurves and their associated data points. Prospective FlexCurves can be configured from a selection of standard curves to provide the best approximate fit, then specific data points can be edited afterwards. Alternately, curve data can be imported from a specified file (.csv format) by selecting the Import Data From EnerVista UR Setup setting. Curves and data can be exported, viewed, and cleared by clicking the appropriate buttons. FlexCurves are customized by editing the operating time (ms) values at pre-defined per-unit current multiples. Note that the pickup multiples start at zero (implying the "reset time"), operating time below pickup, and operating time above pickup. c) RECLOSER CURVE EDITING Recloser curve selection is special in that recloser curves can be shaped into a composite curve with a minimum response time and a fixed time above a specified pickup multiples. There are 41 recloser curve types supported. These definite operating times are useful to coordinate operating times, typically at higher currents and where upstream and downstream protective devices have different operating characteristics. The recloser curve configuration window shown below appears when the Initialize From EnerVista UR Setup setting is set to Recloser Curve and the Initialize FlexCurve button is clicked.
Addr: Adds the time specified in this field (in ms) to each curve operating time value.
Minimum Response Time (MRT): If enabled, the MRT setting defines the shortest operating time even if the curve suggests a shorter time at higher current multiples. A composite operating characteristic is effectively defined. For current multiples lower than the intersection point, the curve dictates the operating time; otherwise, the MRT does. An information message appears when attempting to apply an MRT shorter than the minimum curve time. High Current Time: Allows the user to set a pickup multiple from which point onwards the operating time is fixed. This is normally only required at higher current levels. The HCT Ratio defines the high current pickup multiple; the HCT defines the operating time.
842721A1.CDR
Figure 523: RECLOSER CURVE INITIALIZATION The multiplier and adder settings only affect the curve portion of the characteristic and not the MRT and HCT settings. The HCT settings override the MRT settings for multiples of pickup greater than the HCT ratio.
NOTE
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A composite curve can be created from the GE_111 standard with MRT = 200 ms and HCT initially disabled and then enabled at eight (8) times pickup with an operating time of 30 ms. At approximately four (4) times pickup, the curve operating time is equal to the MRT and from then onwards the operating time remains at 200 ms (see below).
842719A1.CDR
Figure 524: COMPOSITE RECLOSER CURVE WITH HCT DISABLED With the HCT feature enabled, the operating time reduces to 30 ms for pickup multiples exceeding 8 times pickup.
842720A1.CDR
Figure 525: COMPOSITE RECLOSER CURVE WITH HCT ENABLED Configuring a composite curve with an increase in operating time at increased pickup multiples is not allowed. If this is attempted, the EnerVista UR Setup software generates an error message and discards the proposed changes.
NOTE
e) STANDARD RECLOSER CURVES The standard recloser curves available for the D60 are displayed in the following graphs.
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2 1 0.5
GE106
TIME (sec)
GE101
GE102
842723A1.CDR
50
GE142
20 10 5
GE138
TIME (sec)
2 1
GE113 GE120
0.5
1.2
1.5
15
20
842725A1.CDR
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50
20
10
TIME (sec)
GE201
GE151
2
GE134 GE140 GE137
842730A1.CDR
Figure 528: RECLOSER CURVES GE134, GE137, GE140, GE151 AND GE201
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GE152
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GE141
10
GE131
GE200
2 1
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842728A1.CDR
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5 SETTINGS
50 20 10 5 2
GE162
GE164
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1 0.5
GE133
GE165
GE163
15
20
842729A1.CDR
Figure 530: RECLOSER CURVES GE133, GE161, GE162, GE163, GE164 AND GE165
20 10 5 2
GE132
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1 0.5 0.2
GE136 GE139
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GE116
0.05
GE118
GE117
842726A1.CDR
Figure 531: RECLOSER CURVES GE116, GE117, GE118, GE132, GE136, AND GE139
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5 SETTINGS
20 10 5
GE122
TIME (sec)
1 0.5
GE114
0.2 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.01 1 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 CURRENT (multiple of pickup) 15 20
GE121 GE111
GE107
GE115
GE112
842724A1.CDR
Figure 532: RECLOSER CURVES GE107, GE111, GE112, GE114, GE115, GE121, AND GE122
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20
GE202
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2 1 0.5
GE119
GE135
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1.5
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842727A1.CDR
5-84
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5 SETTINGS
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT
The D60 Line Distance Protection System is provided with an optional phasor measurement unit feature. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. The number of phasor measurement units available is also dependent on this option. Refer to the Ordering section of chapter 2 for additional details.
The PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT menu allows specifying basic parameters of the measurements process such as signal source, ID and station name, calibration data, triggering, recording, and content for transmission on each of the supported ports. The reporting ports menus allow specifying the content and rate of reporting on each of the supported ports. Precise IRIG-B input is vital for correct synchrophasor measurement and reporting. A DC level shift IRIG-B receiver must be used for the phasor measurement unit to output proper synchrophasor values.
NOTE
PMU 1 BASIC CONFIGURATION PMU 1 CALIBRATION PMU 1 COMMUNICATION PMU 1 TRIGGERING PMU 1 RECORDING
See page 5-86. See page 5-87. See page 5-88. See page 5-90. See page 5-97.
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5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 IDCODE: 1 PMU 1 STN: GE-UR-PMU PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PMU 1 POST-FILTER: Symm-3-point
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This section contains basic phasor measurement unit (PMU) data, such as functions, source settings, and names. PMU 1 FUNCTION: This setting enables the PMU 1 functionality. Any associated functions (such as the recorder or triggering comparators) will not function if this setting is Disabled. Use the command frame to force the communication portion of the feature to start/stop transmission of data. When the transmission is turned off, the PMU is fully operational in terms of calculating and recording the phasors. PMU 1 IDCODE: This setting assigns a numerical ID to the PMU. It corresponds to the IDCODE field of the data, configuration, header, and command frames of the C37.118 protocol. The PMU uses this value when sending data, configuration, and header frames and responds to this value when receiving the command frame. PMU 1 STN: This setting assigns an alphanumeric ID to the PMU station. It corresponds to the STN field of the configuration frame of the C37.118 protocol. This value is a 16-character ASCII string as per the C37.118 standard. PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: This setting specifies one of the available D60 signal sources for processing in the PMU. Note that any combination of voltages and currents can be configured as a source. The current channels could be configured as sums of physically connected currents. This facilitates PMU applications in breaker-and-a-half, ring-bus, and similar arrangements. The PMU feature calculates voltage phasors for actual voltage (A, B, C, and auxiliary) and current (A, B, C, and ground) channels of the source, as well as symmetrical components (0, 1, and 2) of both voltages and currents. When configuring communication and recording features of the PMU, the user could select from the above superset the content to be sent out or recorded. PMU 1 POST-FILTER: This setting specifies amount of post-filtering applied to raw synchrophasor measurements. The raw measurements are produced at the rate of nominal system frequency using one-cycle data windows. This setting is provided to deal with interfering frequencies and to balance speed and accuracy of synchrophasor measurements for different applications. The following filtering choices are available: Table 57: POST-FILTER CHOICES
SELECTION None Symm-3-point Symm-5-point Symm-7-point CHARACTERISTIC OF THE FILTER No post-filtering Symmetrical 3-point filter (1 historical point, 1 present point, 1 future point) Symmetrical 5-point filter (2 historical points, 1 present point, 2 future points) Symmetrical 7-point filter (3 historical points, 1 present point, 3 future points)
This setting applies to all channels of the PMU. It is effectively for recording and transmission on all ports configured to use data of this PMU.
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS c) CALIBRATION
PATH: SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP PHASOR... PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT 1(4)
PMU 1 CALIBRATION
PMU 1 CALIBRATION
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PMU 1 VA CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 VB CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 VC CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 VX CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 IA CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 IB CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 IC CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 IG CALIBRATION ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 SEQ VOLT SHIFT ANGLE: 0 PMU 1 SEQ CURR SHIFT ANGLE: 0
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This menu contains user angle calibration data for the phasor measurement unit (PMU). This data is combined with the factory adjustments to shift the phasors for better accuracy. PMU 1 VA... IG CALIBRATION ANGLE: These settings recognize applications with protection class voltage and current sources, and allow the user to calibrate each channel (four voltages and four currents) individually to offset errors introduced by VTs, CTs, and cabling. The setting values are effectively added to the measured angles. Therefore, enter a positive correction of the secondary signal lags the true signal; and negative value if the secondary signal leads the true signal. PMU 1 SEQ VOLT SHIFT ANGLE: This setting allows correcting positive- and negative-sequence voltages for vector groups of power transformers located between the PMU voltage point, and the reference node. This angle is effectively added to the positive-sequence voltage angle, and subtracted from the negative-sequence voltage angle. Note that: 1. 2. 3. 4. When this setting is not 0, the phase and sequence voltages will not agree. Unlike sequence voltages, the phase voltages cannot be corrected in a general case, and therefore are reported as measured. When receiving synchrophasor date at multiple locations, with possibly different reference nodes, it may be more beneficial to allow the central locations to perform the compensation of sequence voltages. This setting applies to PMU data only. The D60 calculates symmetrical voltages independently for protection and control purposes without applying this correction. When connected to line-to-line voltages, the PMU calculates symmetrical voltages with the reference to the AG voltage, and not to the physically connected AB voltage (see the Metering Conventions section in Chapter 6).
PMU 1 SEQ CURR SHIFT ANGLE: This setting allows correcting positive and negative-sequence currents for vector groups of power transformers located between the PMU current point and the reference node. The setting has the same meaning for currents as the PMU 1 SEQ VOLT SHIFT ANGLE setting has for voltages. Normally, the two correcting angles are set identically, except rare applications when the voltage and current measuring points are located at different windings of a power transformer.
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5 SETTINGS
PMU1 COMM PORT: None PMU1 PORT PHS-1 PMU 1 V1 PMU1 PORT PHS-1 NM: GE-UR-PMU1-V1
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PMU1 PORT PHS-14 PMU 1 V1 PMU1 PORT PHS-14 NM: GE-UR-PMU1-V1 PMU1 PORT A-CH-1: Off PMU1 PORT A-CH-1 NM: AnalogChannel1
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PMU1 PORT A-CH-8: Off PMU1 PORT A-CH-8 NM: AnalogChannel8 PMU1 PORT D-CH-1: Off PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 NM: DigitalChannel1 PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 NORMAL STATE: Off
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PMU1 PORT D-CH-16: Off PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 NM: DigitalChannel16 PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 NORMAL STATE: Off
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This section configures the phasor measurement unit (PMU) communication functions. PMU1 COMM PORT: This setting specifies the communication port for transmission of the PMU data.
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5 SETTINGS
PMU1 PORT PHS-1 to PMU1 PORT PHS-14: These settings specify synchrophasors to be transmitted from the superset of all synchronized measurements. The available synchrophasor values are tabulated below.
SELECTION Va Vb Vc Vx Ia Ib Ic Ig V1 V2 V0 I1 I2 I0 MEANING First voltage channel, either Va or Vab Second voltage channel, either Vb or Vbc Third voltage channel, either Vc or Vca Fourth voltage channel Phase A current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Phase B current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Phase C current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Fourth current channel, physical or summation as per the source settings Positive-sequence voltage, referenced to Va Negative-sequence voltage, referenced to Va Zero-sequence voltage Positive-sequence current, referenced to Ia Negative-sequence current, referenced to Ia Zero-sequence current
These settings allow for optimizing the frame size and maximizing transmission channel usage, depending on a given application. Select Off to suppress transmission of a given value. PMU1 PORT PHS-1 NM to PMU1 PORT PHS-14 NM: These settings allow for custom naming of the synchrophasor channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. These names are typically based on station, bus, or breaker names. PMU1 PORT A-CH-1 to PMU1 PORT A-CH-8: These settings specify any analog data measured by the relay to be included as a user-selectable analog channel of the data frame. Up to eight analog channels can be configured to send any FlexAnalog value from the relay. Examples include active and reactive power, per phase or three-phase power, power factor, temperature via RTD inputs, and THD. The configured analog values are sampled concurrently with the synchrophasor instant and sent as 32-bit floating point values. PMU1 PORT A-CH-1 NM to PMU1 PORT A-CH-8 NM: These settings allow for custom naming of the analog channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 to PMU1 PORT D-CH-16: These settings specify any digital flag measured by the relay to be included as a user-selectable digital channel of the data frame. Up to sixteen digital channels can be configured to send any FlexLogic operand from the relay. The configured digital flags are sampled concurrently with the synchrophasor instant. The values are mapped into a two-byte integer number, with byte 1 LSB corresponding to the digital channel 1 and byte 2 MSB corresponding to digital channel 16. PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 NM to PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 NM: These settings allow for custom naming of the digital channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. PMU1 PORT D-CH-1 NORMAL STATE to PMU1 PORT D-CH-16 NORMAL STATE: These settings allow for specifying a normal state for each digital channel. These states are transmitted in configuration frames to the data concentrator.
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5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 TRIGGERING
PMU 1 TRIGGERING
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PMU 1 USER TRIGGER PMU 1 FREQUENCY TRIGGER PMU 1 VOLTAGE TRIGGER PMU 1 CURRENT TRIGGER PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER
See page 5-90. See page 5-91. See page 5-92. See page 5-93. See page 5-94. See page 5-96.
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Each logical phasor measurement unit (PMU) contains five triggering mechanisms to facilitate triggering of the associated PMU recorder, or cross-triggering of other PMUs of the system. They are: Overfrequency and underfrequency. Overvoltage and undervoltage. Overcurrent. Overpower. High rate of change of frequency.
The pre-configured triggers could be augmented with a user-specified condition built freely using programmable logic of the relay. The entire triggering logic is refreshed once every two power system cycles. All five triggering functions and the user-definable condition are consolidated (ORed) and connected to the PMU recorder. Each trigger can be programmed to log its operation into the event recorder, and to signal its operation via targets. The five triggers drive the STAT bits of the data frame to inform the destination of the synchrophasor data regarding the cause of trigger. The following convention is adopted to drive bits 11, 3, 2, 1, and 0 of the STAT word.
SETTING PMU 1 USER TRIGGER: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OR PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PMU 1 ROCOF TRIGGER PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR
bit 0 bit 3, bit 11
PMU 1 TRIGGERED
PMU 1 recorder
OR
bit 1 bit 2
847004A1.CDR
The user trigger allows customized triggering logic to be constructed from FlexLogic. The entire triggering logic is refreshed once every two power system cycles.
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PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER LOW-FREQ: 49.00 Hz PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER HIGH-FREQ: 61.00 Hz PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PKP TIME: 0.10 s PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER DPO TIME: 1.00 s PMU 1 FREQ TRIG BLK: Off PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER TARGET: Self-Reset PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER EVENTS: Disabled
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The trigger responds to the frequency signal of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) source. The frequency is calculated from either phase voltages, auxiliary voltage, phase currents and ground current, in this hierarchy, depending on the source configuration as per D60 standards. This element requires the frequency is above the minimum measurable value. If the frequency is below this value, such as when the circuit is de-energized, the trigger will drop out. PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER LOW-FREQ: This setting specifies the low threshold for the abnormal frequency trigger. The comparator applies a 0.03 Hz hysteresis. PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER HIGH-FREQ: This setting specifies the high threshold for the abnormal frequency trigger. The comparator applies a 0.03 Hz hysteresis. PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PKP TIME: This setting could be used to filter out spurious conditions and avoid unnecessary triggering of the recorder. PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to normal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the triggering condition is asserted).
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER SETTINGS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 PMU 1 FREQ TRIG BLK: Off = 0 SETTING PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: FREQUENCY, f AND PMU 1 ROCOF TRIGGER OR SETTING PMU 1 USER TRIGGER: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PMU 1 TRIGGERED
SETTINGS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER LOW-FREQ: PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER HIGH-FREQ: RUN 0< f < LOW-FREQ OR f > HIGH-FREQ
SETTINGS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PKP TIME: PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER DPO TIME: tPKP tDPO
GE Multilin
5-91
5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER LOW-VOLT: 0.800 pu PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER HIGH-VOLT: 1.200 pu PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PKP TIME: 0.10 s PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER DPO TIME: 1.00 s PMU 1 VOLT TRIG BLK: Off PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER TARGET: Self-Reset PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER EVENTS: Disabled
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This element responds to abnormal voltage. Separate thresholds are provided for low and high voltage. In terms of signaling its operation, the element does not differentiate between the undervoltage and overvoltage events. The trigger responds to the phase voltage signal of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) source. All voltage channels (A, B, and C or AB, BC, and CA) are processed independently and could trigger the recorder. A minimum voltage supervision of 0.1 pu is implemented to prevent pickup on a de-energized circuit, similarly to the undervoltage protection element. PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER LOW-VOLT: This setting specifies the low threshold for the abnormal voltage trigger, in perunit of the PMU source. 1 pu is a nominal voltage value defined as the nominal secondary voltage times VT ratio. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER HIGH-VOLT: This setting specifies the high threshold for the abnormal voltage trigger, in perunit of the PMU source. 1 pu is a nominal voltage value defined as the nominal secondary voltage times VT ratio. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PKP TIME: This setting could be used to filter out spurious conditions and avoid unnecessary triggering of the recorder. PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to normal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the triggering condition is asserted).
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5 SETTINGS
SETTINGS PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 PMU 1 VOLT TRIG BLK: Off = 0 SETTINGS SETTINGS PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: VT CONNECTION: WYE VA VB VC DELTA VAB VBC VCA PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER LOW-VOLT: PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER HIGH-VOLT: RUN (0.1pu < V < LOW-VOLT) OR (V > HIGH-VOLT) (0.1pu < V < LOW-VOLT) OR (V > HIGH-VOLT) (0.1pu < V < LOW-VOLT) OR (V > HIGH-VOLT) OR SETTINGS AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER PMU 1 ROCOF TRIGGER OR SETTING PMU 1 USER TRIGGER: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PMU 1 TRIGGERED
PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PKP TIME: PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER DPO TIME: tPKP tDPO
PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PICKUP: 1.800 pu PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PKP TIME: 0.10 s PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER DPO TIME: 1.00 s PMU 1 CURR TRIG BLK: Off PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER TARGET: Self-Reset PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER EVENTS: Disabled
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This element responds to elevated current. The trigger responds to the phase current signal of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) source. All current channel (A, B, and C) are processed independently and could trigger the recorder. PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PICKUP: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the overcurrent trigger, in per unit of the PMU source. A value of 1 pu is a nominal primary current. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PKP TIME: This setting could be used to filter out spurious conditions and avoid unnecessary triggering of the recorder. PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to normal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the triggering condition is asserted).
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5 SETTINGS
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER SETTINGS PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER FUNCTION: Enabled = 1
AND
SETTING PMU 1 USER TRIGGER: Off = 0 SETTINGS PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PICKUP: RUN I > PICKUP I > PICKUP I > PICKUP
OR
SETTINGS PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PKP TIME: PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER DPO TIME: tPKP tDPO FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER
847000A1.CDR
to STAT bits of the data frame
PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER ACTIVE: 1.250 pu PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER REACTIVE: 1.250 pu PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER APPARENT: 1.250 pu PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER PKP TIME: 0.10 s PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER DPO TIME: 1.00 s PMU 1 PWR TRIG BLK: Off PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER TARGET: Self-Reset PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER EVENTS: Disabled
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This element responds to abnormal power. Separate thresholds are provided for active, reactive, and apparent powers. In terms of signaling its operation the element does not differentiate between the three types of power. The trigger responds to the single-phase and three-phase power signals of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) source. PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER ACTIVE: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the active power of the source. For single-phase power, 1 pu is a product of 1 pu voltage and 1 pu current, or the product of nominal secondary voltage, the VT ratio and the nominal primary current. For the three-phase power, 1 pu is three times that for a single-phase power. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER REACTIVE: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the reactive power of the source. For single-phase power, 1 pu is a product of 1 pu voltage and 1 pu current, or the product of nominal secondary voltage, the VT ratio and the nominal primary current. For the three-phase power, 1 pu is three times that for a single-phase power. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis.
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5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER APPARENT: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the apparent power of the source. For single-phase power, 1 pu is a product of 1 pu voltage and 1 pu current, or the product of nominal secondary voltage, the VT ratio and the nominal primary current. For the three-phase power, 1 pu is three times that for a single-phase power. The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER PKP TIME: This setting could be used to filter out spurious conditions and avoid unnecessary triggering of the recorder. PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to normal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the triggering condition is asserted).
SETTINGS PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER FUNCTION: Enabled = 1
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER SETTINGS PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER ACTIVE: PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER REACTIVE: PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER PMU 1 ROCOF TRIGGER
OR
SETTINGS PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: ACTIVE POWER, PA ACTIVE POWER, PB ACTIVE POWER, PC 3P ACTIVE POWER, P REACTIVE POWER, QA REACTIVE POWER, QB REACTIVE POWER, QC 3P REACTIVE POWER, Q APPARENT POWER, SA APPARENT POWER, SB APPARENT POWER, SC 3P APPARENT POWER, S
PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER APPARENT: RUN abs(P) > ACTIVE PICKUP abs(P) > ACTIVE PICKUP abs(P) > ACTIVE PICKUP abs(P) > 3*(ACTIVE PICKUP) abs(Q) > REACTIVE PICKUP
OR
SETTINGS PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER PKP TIME: PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER DPO TIME: tPKP tDPO FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER
to STAT bits of the data frame
abs(Q) > REACTIVE PICKUP abs(Q) > REACTIVE PICKUP abs(Q) > 3*(REACTIVE PICKUP) S > APPARENT PICKUP S > APPARENT PICKUP S > APPARENT PICKUP S > 3*(APPARENT PICKUP)
847003A1.CDR
GE Multilin
5-95
5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER RAISE: 0.25 Hz/s PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER FALL: 0.25 Hz/s PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER PKP TIME: 0.10 s PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER DPO TIME: 1.00 s PMU 1 df/dt TRG BLK: Off PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER TARGET: Self-Reset PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER EVENTS: Disabled
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This element responds to frequency rate of change. Separate thresholds are provided for rising and dropping frequency. The trigger responds to the rate of change of frequency (df/dt) of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) source. PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER RAISE: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the rate of change of frequency in the raising direction (positive df/dt). The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER FALL: This setting specifies the pickup threshold for the rate of change of frequency in the falling direction (negative df/dt). The comparator applies a 3% hysteresis. PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER PKP TIME: This setting could be used to filter out spurious conditions and avoid unnecessary triggering of the recorder. PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER DPO TIME: This setting could be used to extend the trigger after the situation returned to normal. This setting is of particular importance when using the recorder in the forced mode (recording as long as the triggering condition is asserted).
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PMU 1 FREQ TRIGGER PMU 1 VOLT TRIGGER PMU 1 CURR TRIGGER SETTINGS PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 PMU 1 df/dt TRG BLK: Off = 0 SETTING PMU 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: ROCOF, df/dt AND PMU 1 POWER TRIGGER OR SETTING PMU 1 USER TRIGGER: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PMU 1 TRIGGERED
SETTINGS PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER RAISE: PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER FALL: RUN df/dt > RAISE OR df/dt > FALL
SETTINGS PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER PKP TIME: PMU 1 df/dt TRIGGER DPO TIME: tPKP tDPO
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PMU 1 RECORDING
PMU 1 RECORDING
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PMU 1 RECORDING RATE: 10/sec PMU 1 NO OF TIMED RECORDS: 10 PMU 1 TRIGGER MODE: Automatic Overwrite PMU 1 TIMED TRIGGER POSITION: 10% PMU 1 REC PHS-1: PMU 1 V1 PMU 1 REC PHS-1 NM: GE-UR-PMU-V1
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Range: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50, or 60 times per second Range: 2 to 128 in steps of 1
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PMU 1 REC PHS-14: Off PMU 1 REC PHS-14 NM: GE-UR-PMU-PHS-14 PMU 1 REC A-CH-1: Off PMU 1 REC A-CH-1 NM: AnalogChannel1
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PMU 1 REC A-CH-8: Off PMU 1 REC A-CH-8 NM: AnalogChannel8 PMU 1 REC D-CH-1: Off PMU 1 REC D-CH-1 NM: DigitalChannel1
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Each logical phasor measurement unit (PMU) is associated with a recorder. The triggering condition is programmed via the PMU 1 TRIGGERING menu. The recorder works with polar values using resolution as in the PMU actual values.
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5 SETTINGS
TRIGGER
REC
847709A2.CDR
Figure 540: PMU RECORDING PMU 1 RECORDING RATE: This setting specifies the recording rate for the record content. Not all recording rates are applicable to either 50 or 60 Hz systems (for example, recording at 25 phasors a second in a 60 Hz system). The relay supports decimation by integer number of phasors from the nominal system frequency. If the rate of 25 is selected for the 60 Hz system, the relay would decimate the rate of 60 phasors a second by round (60 / 25) = 2; that is, it would record at 60 / 2 = 30 phasors a second. PMU 1 NO OF TIMED RECORDS: This setting specifies how many timed records are available for a given logical PMU. The length of each record equals available memory divided by the content size and number of records. The higher the number of records, the shorter each record. The relay supports a maximum of 128 records. PMU 1 TRIGGER MODE: This setting specifies what happens when the recorder uses its entire available memory storage. If set to Automatic Overwrite, the last record is erased to facilitate new recording, when triggered. If set to Protected, the recorder stops creating new records when the entire memory is used up by the old un-cleared records. Refer to chapter 7 for more information on clearing PMU records. The following set of figures illustrate the concept of memory management via the PMU 1 TRIGGER MODE setting.
5
Record 1 Record 1 Record 1 Record 6
Total memory for all logical PMUs Memory available for the logical PMU
Free Free memory memory Record 4 Record 4 Record 4 Free memory Record 5 Record 5
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5 SETTINGS
PMU 1 TIMED TRIGGER POSITION: This setting specifies the amount of pre-trigger data in percent of the entire record. PMU1 PORT 1 PHS-1 to PMU1 PORT 1 PHS-14: These settings specify synchrophasors to be recorded from the superset of all synchronized measurements as indicated in the following table. These settings allow for optimizing the record size and content depending on a given application. Select Off to suppress recording of a given value.
VALUE Va Vb Vc Vx Ia Ib Ic Ig V1 V2 V0 I1 I2 I0 DESCRIPTION First voltage channel, either Va or Vab Second voltage channel, either Vb or Vbc Third voltage channel, either Vc or Vca Fourth voltage channel Phase A current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Phase B current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Phase C current, physical channel or summation as per the source settings Fourth current channel, physical or summation as per the source settings Positive-sequence voltage, referenced to Va Negative-sequence voltage, referenced to Va Zero-sequence voltage Positive-sequence current, referenced to Ia Negative-sequence current, referenced to Ia Zero-sequence current
PMU 1 REC PHS-1 NM to PMU 1 REC PHS-14 NM: These settings allow for custom naming of the synchrophasor channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. Typically these names would be based on station, bus, or breaker names. PMU 1 REC A-CH-1 to PMU 1 REC A-CH-8: These settings specify analog data measured by the relay to be included as a user-selectable analog channel of the record. Up to eight analog channels can be configured to record any FlexAnalog value from the relay. Examples include active and reactive power, per phase or three-phase power, power factor, temperature via RTD inputs, and THD. The configured analogs are sampled concurrently with the synchrophasor instant. PMU 1 REC A-CH-1 NM to PMU 1 REC A-CH-8 NM: These settings allow for custom naming of the analog channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame. PMU 1 REC D-CH-1 to PMU 1 REC D-CH-16: These settings specify any digital flag measured by the relay to be included as a user-selectable digital channel in the record. Up to digital analog channels can be configured to record any FlexLogic operand from the relay. The configured digital flags are sampled concurrently with the synchrophasor instant. PMU 1 REC D-CH-1 NM to PMU 1 REC D-CH-16 NM: This setting allows custom naming of the digital channels. Sixteen-character ASCII strings are allowed as in the CHNAM field of the configuration frame.
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5 SETTINGS
NETWORK REPORTING FUNCTION: Disabled NETWORK REPORTING IDCODE: 1 NETWORK REPORTING RATE: 10 per sec NETWORK REPORTING STYLE: Polar NETWORK REPORTING FORMAT: Integer NETWORK PDC CONTROL: Disabled NETWORK TCP PORT: 4712 NETWORK UDP PORT 1: 4713 NETWORK UDP PORT 2: 4714
MESSAGE
Range: 1, 2, 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50, or 60 times per second Range: Polar, Rectangular
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The Ethernet connection works simultaneously with other communication means working over the Ethernet and is configured as follows. Up to three clients can be simultaneously supported. NETWORK REPORTING IDCODE: This setting specifies an IDCODE for the entire port. Individual PMU streams transmitted over this port are identified via their own IDCODES as per the device settings. This IDCODE is to be used by the command frame to start or stop transmission, and request configuration or header frames. NETWORK REPORTING RATE: This setting specifies the reporting rate for the network (Ethernet) port. This value applies to all PMU streams of the device that are assigned to transmit over this port. NETWORK REPORTING STYLE: This setting selects between reporting synchrophasors in rectangular (real and imaginary) or in polar (magnitude and angle) coordinates. This setting complies with bit-0 of the format field of the C37.118 configuration frame. NETWORK REPORTING FORMAT: This setting selects between reporting synchrophasors as 16-bit integer or 32-bit IEEE floating point numbers. This setting complies with bit 1 of the format field of the C37.118 configuration frame. Note that this setting applies to synchrophasors only the user-selectable FlexAnalog channels are always transmitted as 32-bit floating point numbers. NETWORK PDC CONTROL: The synchrophasor standard allows for user-defined controls originating at the PDC, to be executed on the PMU. The control is accomplished via an extended command frame. The relay decodes the first word of the extended field, EXTFRAME, to drive 16 dedicated FlexLogic operands: PDC NETWORK CNTRL 1 (from the least significant bit) to PDC NETWORK CNTRL 16 (from the most significant bit). Other words, if any, in the EXTFRAME are ignored. The operands are asserted for 5 seconds following reception of the command frame. If the new command frame arrives within the 5 second period, the FlexLogic operands are updated, and the 5 second timer is re-started. This setting enables or disables the control. When enabled, all 16 operands are active; when disabled all 16 operands remain reset. NETWORK TCP PORT: This setting selects the TCP port number that will be used for network reporting. NETWORK UDP PORT 1: This setting selects the first UDP port that will be used for network reporting. NETWORK UDP PORT 2: This setting selects the second UDP port that will be used for network reporting.
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5 SETTINGS 5.5FLEXLOGIC
To provide maximum flexibility to the user, the arrangement of internal digital logic combines fixed and user-programmed parameters. Logic upon which individual features are designed is fixed, and all other logic, from digital input signals through elements or combinations of elements to digital outputs, is variable. The user has complete control of all variable logic through FlexLogic. In general, the system receives analog and digital inputs which it uses to produce analog and digital outputs. The major sub-systems of a generic UR-series relay involved in this process are shown below.
Figure 543: UR ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW The states of all digital signals used in the D60 are represented by flags (or FlexLogic operands, which are described later in this section). A digital 1 is represented by a 'set' flag. Any external contact change-of-state can be used to block an element from operating, as an input to a control feature in a FlexLogic equation, or to operate a contact output. The state of the contact input can be displayed locally or viewed remotely via the communications facilities provided. If a simple scheme where a contact input is used to block an element is desired, this selection is made when programming the element. This capability also applies to the other features that set flags: elements, virtual inputs, remote inputs, schemes, and human operators. If more complex logic than presented above is required, it is implemented via FlexLogic. For example, if it is desired to have the closed state of contact input H7a and the operated state of the phase undervoltage element block the operation of the phase time overcurrent element, the two control input states are programmed in a FlexLogic equation. This equation ANDs the two control inputs to produce a virtual output which is then selected when programming the phase time overcurrent to be used as a blocking input. Virtual outputs can only be created by FlexLogic equations. Traditionally, protective relay logic has been relatively limited. Any unusual applications involving interlocks, blocking, or supervisory functions had to be hard-wired using contact inputs and outputs. FlexLogic minimizes the requirement for auxiliary components and wiring while making more complex schemes possible.
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
5 SETTINGS
The logic that determines the interaction of inputs, elements, schemes and outputs is field programmable through the use of logic equations that are sequentially processed. The use of virtual inputs and outputs in addition to hardware is available internally and on the communication ports for other relays to use (distributed FlexLogic). FlexLogic allows users to customize the relay through a series of equations that consist of operators and operands. The operands are the states of inputs, elements, schemes and outputs. The operators are logic gates, timers and latches (with set and reset inputs). A system of sequential operations allows any combination of specified operands to be assigned as inputs to specified operators to create an output. The final output of an equation is a numbered register called a virtual output. Virtual outputs can be used as an input operand in any equation, including the equation that generates the output, as a seal-in or other type of feedback. A FlexLogic equation consists of parameters that are either operands or operators. Operands have a logic state of 1 or 0. Operators provide a defined function, such as an AND gate or a Timer. Each equation defines the combinations of parameters to be used to set a Virtual Output flag. Evaluation of an equation results in either a 1 (=ON, i.e. flag set) or 0 (=OFF, i.e. flag not set). Each equation is evaluated at least 4 times every power system cycle. Some types of operands are present in the relay in multiple instances; e.g. contact and remote inputs. These types of operands are grouped together (for presentation purposes only) on the faceplate display. The characteristics of the different types of operands are listed in the table below. Table 58: D60 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TYPES
OPERAND TYPE Contact Input STATE On Off EXAMPLE FORMAT Cont Ip On Cont Ip Off Cont Op 1 Ion Cont Op 1 VOn Cont Op 1 VOff DIRECT INPUT 1 On PHASE TOC1 PKP CHARACTERISTICS [INPUT IS 1 (= ON) IF...] Voltage is presently applied to the input (external contact closed). Voltage is presently not applied to the input (external contact open). Current is flowing through the contact. Voltage exists across the contact. Voltage does not exists across the contact. The direct input is presently in the ON state. The tested parameter is presently above the pickup setting of an element which responds to rising values or below the pickup setting of an element which responds to falling values. This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP operand. The tested parameter has been above/below the pickup setting of the element for the programmed delay time, or has been at logic 1 and is now at logic 0 but the reset timer has not finished timing. The output of the comparator is set to the block function. The input operand is at logic 1. This operand is the logical inverse of the above PKP operand. The input operand has been at logic 1 for the programmed pickup delay time, or has been at logic 1 for this period and is now at logic 0 but the reset timer has not finished timing. The number of pulses counted is above the set number. The number of pulses counted is equal to the set number. The number of pulses counted is below the set number. Logic 1 Logic 0 The remote input is presently in the ON state. The virtual input is presently in the ON state. The virtual output is presently in the set state (i.e. evaluation of the equation which produces this virtual output results in a "1").
Contact Output (type Form-A contact only) Direct Input Element (Analog)
Dropout Operate
PHASE TOC1 BLK Dig Element 1 PKP Dig Element 1 DPO Dig Element 1 OP
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5 SETTINGS The operands available for this relay are listed alphabetically by types in the following table. Table 59: D60 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS (Sheet 1 of 10)
OPERAND TYPE CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS OPERAND SYNTAX CONTROL PUSHBTN 1 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 2 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 3 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 4 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 5 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 6 ON CONTROL PUSHBTN 7 ON DIRECT DEVICE 1On DIRECT DEVICE 16On DIRECT DEVICE 1Off DIRECT DEVICE 16Off DIR IO CH1 CRC ALARM DIR IO CH2 CRC ALARM DIR IO CH1 UNRET ALM DIR IO CH2 UNRET ALM ELEMENT: Autoreclose (1P/3P) AR ENABLED AR DISABLED AR RIP AR 1-P RIP AR 3-P/1 RIP AR 3-P/2 RIP AR 3-P/3 RIP AR 3-P/4 RIP AR LO AR BKR1 BLK AR BKR2 BLK AR CLOSE BKR1 AR CLOSE BKR2 AR FORCE 3-P TRIP AR SHOT CNT > 0 AR SHOT CNT = 1 AR SHOT CNT = 2 AR SHOT CNT = 3 AR SHOT CNT = 4 AR ZONE 1 EXTENT AR INCOMPLETE SEQ AR RESET AUX OV1 PKP AUX OV1 DPO AUX OV1 OP AUX OV2 to AUX OV3 ELEMENT: Auxiliary undervoltage ELEMENT Breaker flashover AUX UV1 PKP AUX UV1 DPO AUX UV1 OP AUX UV2 to AUX UV3 BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP A BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP B BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP C BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP BKR 1 FLSHOVR OP A BKR 1 FLSHOVR OP B BKR 1 FLSHOVR OP C BKR 1 FLSHOVR OP BKR 1 FLSHOVR DPO A BKR 1 FLSHOVR DPO B BKR 1 FLSHOVR DPO C BKR 1 FLSHOVR DPO BKR 2 FLSHOVR... ELEMENT: Breaker arcing BKR ARC 1 OP BKR ARC 2 OP OPERAND DESCRIPTION Control pushbutton 1 is being pressed Control pushbutton 2 is being pressed Control pushbutton 3 is being pressed Control pushbutton 4 is being pressed Control pushbutton 5 is being pressed Control pushbutton 6 is being pressed Control pushbutton 7 is being pressed Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1
5.5 FLEXLOGIC
DIRECT DEVICES
The rate of direct input messages received on channel 1 and failing the CRC exceeded the user-specified level. The rate of direct input messages received on channel 2 and failing the CRC exceeded the user-specified level. The rate of returned direct input/output messages on channel 1 exceeded the user-specified level (ring configurations only). The rate of returned direct input/output messages on channel 2 exceeded the user-specified level (ring configurations only). Autoreclosure is enabled and ready to perform Autoreclosure is disabled Autoreclosure is in reclose-in-progress state A single-pole reclosure is in progress A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via dead time 1 A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via dead time 2 A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via dead time 3 A three-pole reclosure is in progress, via dead time 4 Autoreclosure is in lockout state Reclosure of breaker 1 is blocked Reclosure of breaker 2 is blocked Reclose breaker 1 signal Reclose breaker 2 signal Force any trip to a three-phase trip The first CLOSE BKR X signal has been issued Shot count is equal to 1 Shot count is equal to 2 Shot count is equal to 3 Shot count is equal to 4 The zone 1 distance function must be set to the extended overreach value The incomplete sequence timer timed out Autoreclose has been reset either manually or by the reset timer Auxiliary overvoltage element has picked up Auxiliary overvoltage element has dropped out Auxiliary overvoltage element has operated Same set of operands as shown for AUX OV1 Auxiliary undervoltage element has picked up Auxiliary undervoltage element has dropped out Auxiliary undervoltage element has operated Same set of operands as shown for AUX UV1 Breaker 1 flashover element phase A has picked up Breaker 1 flashover element phase B has picked up Breaker 1 flashover element phase C has picked up Breaker 1 flashover element has picked up Breaker 1 flashover element phase A has operated Breaker 1 flashover element phase B has operated Breaker 1 flashover element phase C has operated Breaker 1 flashover element has operated Breaker 1 flashover element phase A has dropped out Breaker 1 flashover element phase B has dropped out Breaker 1 flashover element phase C has dropped out Breaker 1 flashover element has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for BKR 1 FLSHOVR Breaker arcing current 1 has operated Breaker arcing current 2 has operated
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5 SETTINGS
Breaker 1 open command initiated Breaker 1 close command initiated Breaker 1 phase A bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Breaker 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Breaker 1 phase A is closed Breaker 1 phase A is open Breaker 1 phase B bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Breaker 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Breaker 1 phase B is closed Breaker 1 phase B is open Breaker 1 phase C bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Breaker 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Breaker 1 phase C is closed Breaker 1 phase C is open Breaker 1 bad status is detected on any pole Breaker 1 is closed Breaker 1 is open Breaker 1 has discrepancy Breaker 1 trouble alarm Breaker 1 manual close Breaker 1 trip phase A command Breaker 1 trip phase B command Breaker 1 trip phase C command At least one pole of breaker 1 is open Only one pole of breaker 1 is open Breaker 1 is out of service Same set of operands as shown for BREAKER 1 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element picks up in stage 1 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element picks up in stage 2 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element picks up in stage 3 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element drops out in stage 1 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element drops out in stage 2 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element drops out in stage 3 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element operates in stage 1 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element operates in stage 2 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element operates in stage 3 Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element picks up Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element drops out Asserted when the compensated overvoltage element operates Digital counter 1 output is more than comparison value Digital counter 1 output is equal to comparison value Digital counter 1 output is less than comparison value Same set of operands as shown for Counter 1 Directional comparison unblocking scheme asserts transmit bit 1 Directional comparison unblocking scheme asserts transmit bit 2 Directional comparison unblocking scheme asserts transmit bit 3 Directional comparison unblocking scheme asserts transmit bit 4 Directional comparison unblocking scheme has operated to trip phase A Directional comparison unblocking scheme has operated to trip phase B Directional comparison unblocking scheme has operated to trip phase C Directional comparison unblocking scheme has operated to trip all phases Directional comparison unblocking scheme has operated.
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
Directional blocking signal is initiated Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 1 Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 2 Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 3 Directional blocking scheme de-asserts transmit bit no. 4 Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase A Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase B Directional blocking scheme has operated to trip phase C Directional blocking scheme has tripped all 3 phases Directional blocking scheme has operated Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 1 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 2 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 3 Direct under-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 4 Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases Direct under-reaching transfer trip has operated FlexElement 1 has picked up FlexElement 1 has operated FlexElement 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for FxE 1 Ground distance zone 1 has picked up Ground distance zone 1 has operated Ground distance zone 1 phase A has operated Ground distance zone 1 phase B has operated Ground distance zone 1 phase C has operated Ground distance zone 1 phase A has picked up Ground distance zone 1 phase B has picked up Ground distance zone 1 phase C has picked up Ground distance zone 1 neutral is supervising Ground distance zone 1 phase A has dropped out Ground distance zone 1 phase B has dropped out Ground distance zone 1 phase C has dropped out Ground distance zone 2 directional is supervising Same set of operands as shown for GND DIST Z1 Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Ground instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for GROUND IOC 1 Ground time overcurrent 1 has picked up Ground time overcurrent 1 has operated Ground time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for GROUND TOC1 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 1 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 2 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 3 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transmit bit 4 Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has tripped all three phases Hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated Non-volatile latch 1 is ON (Logic = 1) Non-volatile latch 1 is OFF (Logic = 0) Same set of operands as shown for LATCH 1
ELEMENT: FlexElements
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5 SETTINGS
Line pickup has operated Line pickup has picked up Line pickup has dropped out Line pickup detected phase A current below 5% of nominal Line pickup detected phase B current below 5% of nominal Line pickup detected phase C current below 5% of nominal Line pickup undervoltage has picked up Line pickup line end open has picked up Line pickup operated from overreaching zone 2 when reclosing the line (zone 1 extension functionality) Load encroachment has picked up Load encroachment has operated Load encroachment has dropped out Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 1 forward has operated Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 1 reverse has operated Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 2 forward has operated Negative-sequence directional overcurrent 2 reverse has operated Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ IOC1 Negative-sequence overvoltage element has picked up Negative-sequence overvoltage element has dropped out Negative-sequence overvoltage element has operated Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ OV1 Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has picked up Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has operated Negative-sequence time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for NEG SEQ TOC1 Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Neutral instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL IOC1 Neutral overvoltage element 1 has picked up Neutral overvoltage element 1 has dropped out Neutral overvoltage element 1 has operated Neutral time overcurrent 1 has picked up Neutral time overcurrent 1 has operated Neutral time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for NEUTRAL TOC1 Neutral directional overcurrent 1 forward has operated Neutral directional overcurrent 1 reverse has operated Same set of operands as shown for NTRL DIR OC1 Open pole condition is detected in phase A Open pole condition is detected in phase B Open pole condition is detected in phase C Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is detected on phase A Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is detected on phase B Based on the breaker(s) auxiliary contacts, an open pole condition is detected on phase C Blocking signal for neutral, ground, and negative-sequence overcurrent element is established Blocking signal for the AB phase distance elements is established Blocking signal for the BC phase distance elements is established Blocking signal for the CA phase distance elements is established Remote open pole condition detected in phase A Remote open pole condition detected in phase B Remote open pole condition detected in phase C Open pole detector is operated Open pole undercurrent condition is detected in phase A Open pole undercurrent condition is detected in phase B Open pole undercurrent condition is detected in phase C
ELEMENT: Load encroachment ELEMENT: Negative-sequence directional overcurrent ELEMENT: Negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent ELEMENT: Negative-sequence overvoltage ELEMENT: Negative-sequence time overcurrent
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
Phasor data concentrator asserts control bit 1 as received via the network Phasor data concentrator asserts control bit 2 as received via the network Phasor data concentrator asserts control bit 16 as received via the network Phase A directional 1 block Phase B directional 1 block Phase C directional 1 block Phase directional 1 block Same set of operands as shown for PH DIR1 Phase distance zone 1 has picked up Phase distance zone 1 has operated Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has operated Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has operated Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has operated Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has picked up Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has picked up Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has picked up Phase distance zone 1 phase AB IOC is supervising Phase distance zone 1 phase BC IOC is supervising Phase distance zone 1 phase CA IOC is supervising Phase distance zone 1 phase AB has dropped out Phase distance zone 1 phase BC has dropped out Phase distance zone 1 phase CA has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for PH DIST Z1 At least one phase of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up At least one phase of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated All phases of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 have dropped out Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has operated Phase A of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Phase B of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Phase C of phase instantaneous overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for PHASE IOC1 At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has picked up At least one phase of overvoltage 1 has operated All phases of overvoltage 1 have dropped out Phase A of overvoltage 1 has picked up Phase B of overvoltage 1 has picked up Phase C of overvoltage 1 has picked up Phase A of overvoltage 1 has operated Phase B of overvoltage 1 has operated Phase C of overvoltage 1 has operated Phase A of overvoltage 1 has dropped out Phase B of overvoltage 1 has dropped out Phase C of overvoltage 1 has dropped out Phase A to ground fault is detected. Phase B to ground fault is detected. Phase C to ground fault is detected. Single line to ground fault is detected. Phase A to B fault is detected. Phase B to C fault is detected. Phase C to A fault is detected. Phase A to B to ground fault is detected. Phase B to C to ground fault is detected. Phase C to A to ground fault is detected. Three-phase symmetrical fault is detected. Multi-phase fault is detected Fault type cannot be detected
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5 SETTINGS
At least one phase of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up At least one phase of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated All phases of phase time overcurrent 1 have dropped out Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has picked up Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has operated Phase A of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Phase B of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Phase C of phase time overcurrent 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for PHASE TOC1 At least one phase of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up At least one phase of phase undervoltage 1 has operated All phases of phase undervoltage 1 have dropped out Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has picked up Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has operated Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has operated Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has operated Phase A of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out Phase B of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out Phase C of phase undervoltage 1 has dropped out Same set of operands as shown for PHASE UV1 Overcurrent trigger of phasor measurement unit 1 has operated Abnormal frequency trigger of phasor measurement unit 1 has operated Overpower trigger of phasor measurement unit 1 has operated Rate of change of frequency trigger of phasor measurement unit 1 has operated Abnormal voltage trigger of phasor measurement unit 1 has operated Phasor measurement unit 1 triggered; no events or targets are generated by this operand Indicates the one-shot operation has been executed, and the present time is at least 30 seconds past the scheduled one-shot time Indicates the one-shot operation and remains asserted for 30 seconds afterwards Indicates the one-shot operation is pending; that is, the present time is before the scheduled one-shot time Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 1 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 2 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 3 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 4 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C Permissive over-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases Positive-sequence impedance in outer characteristic Positive-sequence impedance in middle characteristic Positive-sequence impedance in inner characteristic Power swing blocking element operated Power swing timer 1 picked up Power swing timer 2 picked up Power swing timer 3 picked up Power swing timer 4 picked up Out-of-step tripping operated The power swing element detected a disturbance other than power swing An unstable power swing has been detected (incoming locus) An unstable power swing has been detected (outgoing locus) Asserted when a fault occurs after the power swing blocking condition has been established Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 1 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 2 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 3 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip asserts transit bit number 4 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase A Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase B Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip phase C Permissive under-reaching transfer trip has operated to trip all three phases
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
Selector switch 1 is in Position Y (mutually exclusive operands) First bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1 Second bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1 Third bit of the 3-bit word encoding position of selector 1 Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected with the stepping up control input but not acknowledged Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected with the 3-bit control input but not acknowledged Position of selector 1 has been pre-selected but not acknowledged Position of selector switch 1 is undetermined or restored from memory when the relay powers up and synchronizes to the three-bit input Same set of operands as shown above for SELECTOR 1 Setting group 1 is active Setting group 2 is active Setting group 3 is active Setting group 4 is active Setting group 5 is active Setting group 6 is active Source 1 disturbance detector has operated Source 2 disturbance detector has operated Source 3 disturbance detector has operated Source 4 disturbance detector has operated Source 1 VT fuse failure detector has operated Source 1 VT fuse failure detector has dropped out Source 1 has lost voltage signals (V2 below 15% AND V1 below 5% of nominal) Same set of operands as shown for SRC1 VT FUSE FAIL Disconnect switch 1 open command initiated Disconnect switch 1 close command initiated Disconnect switch 1 phase A bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Disconnect switch 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Disconnect switch 1 phase A is closed Disconnect switch 1 phase A is open Disconnect switch 1 phase B bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Disconnect switch 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Disconnect switch 1 phase B is closed Disconnect switch 1 phase B is open Disconnect switch 1 phase C bad status is detected (discrepancy between the 52/a and 52/b contacts) Disconnect switch 1 phase A intermediate status is detected (transition from one position to another) Disconnect switch 1 phase C is closed Disconnect switch 1 phase C is open Disconnect switch 1 bad status is detected on any pole Disconnect switch 1 is closed Disconnect switch 1 is open Disconnect switch 1 has discrepancy Disconnect switch 1 trouble alarm Same set of operands as shown for SWITCH 1 Synchrocheck 1 dead source has operated Synchrocheck 1 dead source has dropped out Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has operated Synchrocheck 1 in synchronization has dropped out Synchrocheck 1 close has operated Synchrocheck 1 close has dropped out Synchrocheck 1 V1 is above the minimum live voltage Synchrocheck 1 V1 is below the maximum dead voltage Synchrocheck 1 V2 is above the minimum live voltage Synchrocheck 1 V2 is below the maximum dead voltage Same set of operands as shown for SYNC 1
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5 SETTINGS
Logic = 0. Does nothing and may be used as a delimiter in an equation list; used as Disable by other features. Logic = 1. Can be used as a test setting. (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Contact outputs, current (from detector on form-A output only) INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Contact outputs, voltage (from detector on form-A output only) INPUTS/OUTPUTS Direct inputs INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Remote doublepoint status inputs
(will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) (will not appear unless ordered) Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Asserted while the remote double-point status input is in the bad state. Asserted while the remote double-point status input is in the intermediate state. Asserted while the remote double-point status input is off. Asserted while the remote double-point status input is on. Same set of operands as per REMDPS 1 above Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1
DIRECT INPUT 1 On DIRECT INPUT 32 On RemDPS Ip 1 BAD RemDPS Ip 1 INTERM RemDPS Ip 1 OFF RemDPS Ip 1 ON REMDPS Ip 2...
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
Asserted when the front panel IN SERVICE LED is on. Asserted when the front panel TROUBLE LED is on. Asserted when the front panel TEST MODE LED is on. Asserted when the front panel TRIP LED is on. Asserted when the front panel ALARM LED is on. Asserted when the front panel PICKUP LED is on. Asserted when the front panel VOLTAGE LED is on. Asserted when the front panel CURRENT LED is on. Asserted when the front panel FREQUENCY LED is on. Asserted when the front panel OTHER LED is on. Asserted when the front panel PHASE A LED is on. Asserted when the front panel PHASE B LED is on. Asserted when the front panel PHASE C LED is on. Asserted when the front panel NEUTRAL/GROUND LED is on. An LED test has been initiated and has not finished. Asserted when user-programmable LED 1 is on. The operand above is available for user-programmable LEDs 2 through 48. Asserted when local setting access is disabled. Asserted when local setting access is enabled. Asserted when local command access is disabled. Asserted when local command access is enabled. Asserted when remote setting access is disabled. Asserted when remote setting access is enabled. Asserted when remote command access is disabled. Asserted when remote command access is enabled. Asserted when a password entry fails while accessing a password protected level of the D60. Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Flag is set, logic=1 Reset command is operated (set by all three operands below). Communications source of the reset command. RESETTING menu) source Operand (assigned in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS of the reset command. Reset key (pushbutton) source of the reset command. Any of the major self-test errors generated (major error) Any of the minor self-test errors generated (minor error) Any self-test errors generated (generic, any error) See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets See description in Chapter 7: Commands and targets
LED INDICATORS: LED test LED INDICATORS: User-programmable LEDs PASSWORD SECURITY
REMOTE DEVICES
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5 SETTINGS
Asserted while the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum operating temperature (80C) Pushbutton number 1 is in the On position Pushbutton number 1 is in the Off position Any of twelve pushbuttons is in the On position Same set of operands as PUSHBUTTON 1
Some operands can be re-named by the user. These are the names of the breakers in the breaker control feature, the ID (identification) of contact inputs, the ID of virtual inputs, and the ID of virtual outputs. If the user changes the default name or ID of any of these operands, the assigned name will appear in the relay list of operands. The default names are shown in the FlexLogic operands table above. The characteristics of the logic gates are tabulated below, and the operators available in FlexLogic are listed in the FlexLogic operators table. Table 510: FLEXLOGIC GATE CHARACTERISTICS
GATES NOT OR AND NOR NAND NUMBER OF INPUTS 1 2 to 16 2 to 16 2 to 16 2 to 16 2 OUTPUT IS 1 (= ON) IF... input is 0 any input is 1 all inputs are 1 all inputs are 0 any input is 0 only one input is 1
XOR
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
POSITIVE ONE SHOT One shot that responds to a positive going edge. NEGATIVE ONE SHOT DUAL ONE SHOT
Logic gate
NOT OR(2) OR(16) AND(2) AND(16) NOR(2) NOR(16) NAND(2) NAND(16) XOR(2) LATCH (S,R)
Timer
Timer set with FlexLogic timer 1 settings. Timer set with FlexLogic timer 32 settings. Assigns previous FlexLogic operand to virtual output 1. Assigns previous FlexLogic operand to virtual output 96.
5.5.2 FLEXLOGIC RULES When forming a FlexLogic equation, the sequence in the linear array of parameters must follow these general rules: 1. 2. 3. 4. Operands must precede the operator which uses the operands as inputs. Operators have only one output. The output of an operator must be used to create a virtual output if it is to be used as an input to two or more operators. Assigning the output of an operator to a virtual output terminates the equation. A timer operator (for example, "TIMER 1") or virtual output assignment (for example, " = Virt Op 1") may only be used once. If this rule is broken, a syntax error will be declared. 5.5.3 FLEXLOGIC EVALUATION Each equation is evaluated in the order in which the parameters have been entered. FlexLogic provides latches which by definition have a memory action, remaining in the set state after the set input has been asserted. However, they are volatile; that is, they reset on the re-application of control power. When making changes to settings, all FlexLogic equations are re-compiled whenever any new setting value is entered, so all latches are automatically reset. If it is necessary to re-initialize FlexLogic during testing, for example, it is suggested to power the unit down and then back up.
NOTE
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This section provides an example of implementing logic for a typical application. The sequence of the steps is quite important as it should minimize the work necessary to develop the relay settings. Note that the example presented in the figure below is intended to demonstrate the procedure, not to solve a specific application situation. In the example below, it is assumed that logic has already been programmed to produce virtual outputs 1 and 2, and is only a part of the full set of equations used. When using FlexLogic, it is important to make a note of each virtual output used a virtual output designation (1 to 96) can only be properly assigned once.
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 State=ON VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2 State=ON VIRTUAL INPUT 1 State=ON XOR DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 State=Pickup DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 State=Operated Timer 1 AND Time Delay on Pickup (800 ms) CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed
827025A2.vsd
Set LATCH OR #1 Reset Timer 2 OR #2 Time Delay on Dropout (200 ms) Operate Output Relay H1
1.
Inspect the example logic diagram to determine if the required logic can be implemented with the FlexLogic operators. If this is not possible, the logic must be altered until this condition is satisfied. Once this is done, count the inputs to each gate to verify that the number of inputs does not exceed the FlexLogic limits, which is unlikely but possible. If the number of inputs is too high, subdivide the inputs into multiple gates to produce an equivalent. For example, if 25 inputs to an AND gate are required, connect Inputs 1 through 16 to AND(16), 17 through 25 to AND(9), and the outputs from these two gates to AND(2). Inspect each operator between the initial operands and final virtual outputs to determine if the output from the operator is used as an input to more than one following operator. If so, the operator output must be assigned as a virtual output. For the example shown above, the output of the AND gate is used as an input to both OR#1 and Timer 1, and must therefore be made a virtual output and assigned the next available number (i.e. Virtual Output 3). The final output must also be assigned to a virtual output as virtual output 4, which will be programmed in the contact output section to operate relay H1 (that is, contact output H1). Therefore, the required logic can be implemented with two FlexLogic equations with outputs of virtual output 3 and virtual output 4 as shown below.
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 State=ON VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2 State=ON VIRTUAL INPUT 1 State=ON XOR DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 State=Pickup DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 State=Operated Timer 1 AND Time Delay on Pickup (800 ms) CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3
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Set LATCH OR #1 Reset Timer 2 OR #2 Time Delay on Dropout (200 ms) VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
Prepare a logic diagram for the equation to produce virtual output 3, as this output will be used as an operand in the virtual output 4 equation (create the equation for every output that will be used as an operand first, so that when these operands are required they will already have been evaluated and assigned to a specific virtual output). The logic for virtual output 3 is shown below with the final output assigned.
DIGITAL ELEMENT 2 State=Operated AND(2) CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed
827027A2.VSD
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3
Figure 546: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 3. Prepare a logic diagram for virtual output 4, replacing the logic ahead of virtual output 3 with a symbol identified as virtual output 3, as shown below.
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 State=ON VIRTUAL OUTPUT 2 State=ON VIRTUAL INPUT 1 State=ON XOR DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 State=Pickup Timer 1 VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 State=ON CONTACT INPUT H1c State=Closed Time Delay on Pickup (800 ms)
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VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4
Figure 547: LOGIC FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4 4. Program the FlexLogic equation for virtual output 3 by translating the logic into available FlexLogic parameters. The equation is formed one parameter at a time until the required logic is complete. It is generally easier to start at the output end of the equation and work back towards the input, as shown in the following steps. It is also recommended to list operator inputs from bottom to top. For demonstration, the final output will be arbitrarily identified as parameter 99, and each preceding parameter decremented by one in turn. Until accustomed to using FlexLogic, it is suggested that a worksheet with a series of cells marked with the arbitrary parameter numbers be prepared, as shown below.
01 02 03 04 05
.....
97 98 99
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Figure 548: FLEXLOGIC WORKSHEET 5. Following the procedure outlined, start with parameter 99, as follows: 99: The final output of the equation is virtual output 3, which is created by the operator "= Virt Op n". This parameter is therefore "= Virt Op 3."
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5 SETTINGS
98: The gate preceding the output is an AND, which in this case requires two inputs. The operator for this gate is a 2input AND so the parameter is AND(2). Note that FlexLogic rules require that the number of inputs to most types of operators must be specified to identify the operands for the gate. As the 2-input AND will operate on the two operands preceding it, these inputs must be specified, starting with the lower. 97: This lower input to the AND gate must be passed through an inverter (the NOT operator) so the next parameter is NOT. The NOT operator acts upon the operand immediately preceding it, so specify the inverter input next. 96: The input to the NOT gate is to be contact input H1c. The ON state of a contact input can be programmed to be set when the contact is either open or closed. Assume for this example the state is to be ON for a closed contact. The operand is therefore Cont Ip H1c On. 95: The last step in the procedure is to specify the upper input to the AND gate, the operated state of digital element 2. This operand is "DIG ELEM 2 OP". Writing the parameters in numerical order can now form the equation for virtual output 3: [95] [96] [97] [98] [99] DIG ELEM 2 OP Cont Ip H1c On NOT AND(2) = Virt Op 3
It is now possible to check that this selection of parameters will produce the required logic by converting the set of parameters into a logic diagram. The result of this process is shown below, which is compared to the logic for virtual output 3 diagram as a check.
95
96 97 98 99
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: DIG ELEM 2 OP FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Cont Ip H1c On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: NOT FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: AND (2) FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: =Virt Op 3
AND
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3
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Figure 549: FLEXLOGIC EQUATION FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 3 6. Repeating the process described for virtual output 3, select the FlexLogic parameters for Virtual Output 4. 99: The final output of the equation is virtual output 4 which is parameter = Virt Op 4". 98: The operator preceding the output is timer 2, which is operand TIMER 2". Note that the settings required for the timer are established in the timer programming section. 97: The operator preceding timer 2 is OR #2, a 3-input OR, which is parameter OR(3). 96: The lowest input to OR #2 is operand Cont Ip H1c On. 95: The center input to OR #2 is operand TIMER 1". 94: The input to timer 1 is operand Virt Op 3 On". 93: The upper input to OR #2 is operand LATCH (S,R). 92: There are two inputs to a latch, and the input immediately preceding the latch reset is OR #1, a 4-input OR, which is parameter OR(4). 91: The lowest input to OR #1 is operand Virt Op 3 On". 90: The input just above the lowest input to OR #1 is operand XOR(2). 89: The lower input to the XOR is operand DIG ELEM 1 PKP. 88: The upper input to the XOR is operand Virt Ip 1 On". 87: The input just below the upper input to OR #1 is operand Virt Op 2 On". 86: The upper input to OR #1 is operand Virt Op 1 On". 85: The last parameter is used to set the latch, and is operand Virt Op 4 On".
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5 SETTINGS The equation for virtual output 4 is: [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] [95] [96] [97] [98] [99] Virt Op 4 On Virt Op 1 On Virt Op 2 On Virt Ip 1 On DIG ELEM 1 PKP XOR(2) Virt Op 3 On OR(4) LATCH (S,R) Virt Op 3 On TIMER 1 Cont Ip H1c On OR(3) TIMER 2 = Virt Op 4
5.5 FLEXLOGIC
It is now possible to check that the selection of parameters will produce the required logic by converting the set of parameters into a logic diagram. The result of this process is shown below, which is compared to the logic for virtual output 4 diagram as a check.
FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Op 4 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Op 1 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Op 2 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Ip 1 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: DIG ELEM 1 PKP FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: XOR FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Op 3 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: OR (4) FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: LATCH (S,R) FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Virt Op 3 On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: TIMER 1 FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: Cont Ip H1c On FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: OR (3) FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: TIMER 2 FLEXLOGIC ENTRY n: =Virt Op 4
85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
OR
T2
VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4
T1
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Figure 550: FLEXLOGIC EQUATION FOR VIRTUAL OUTPUT 4 7. Now write the complete FlexLogic expression required to implement the logic, making an effort to assemble the equation in an order where Virtual Outputs that will be used as inputs to operators are created before needed. In cases where a lot of processing is required to perform logic, this may be difficult to achieve, but in most cases will not cause problems as all logic is calculated at least four times per power frequency cycle. The possibility of a problem caused by sequential processing emphasizes the necessity to test the performance of FlexLogic before it is placed in service. In the following equation, virtual output 3 is used as an input to both latch 1 and timer 1 as arranged in the order shown below: DIG ELEM 2 OP Cont Ip H1c On NOT AND(2)
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC = Virt Op 3 Virt Op 4 On Virt Op 1 On Virt Op 2 On Virt Ip 1 On DIG ELEM 1 PKP XOR(2) Virt Op 3 On OR(4) LATCH (S,R) Virt Op 3 On TIMER 1 Cont Ip H1c On OR(3) TIMER 2 = Virt Op 4 END
5 SETTINGS
In the expression above, the virtual output 4 input to the four-input OR is listed before it is created. This is typical of a form of feedback, in this case, used to create a seal-in effect with the latch, and is correct. 8. The logic should always be tested after it is loaded into the relay, in the same fashion as has been used in the past. Testing can be simplified by placing an "END" operator within the overall set of FlexLogic equations. The equations will then only be evaluated up to the first "END" operator. The "On" and "Off" operands can be placed in an equation to establish a known set of conditions for test purposes, and the "INSERT" and "DELETE" commands can be used to modify equations.
5
PATH: SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR
1: 2:
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There are 512 FlexLogic entries available, numbered from 1 to 512, with default END entry settings. If a "Disabled" Element is selected as a FlexLogic entry, the associated state flag will never be set to 1. The +/ key may be used when editing FlexLogic equations from the keypad to quickly scan through the major parameter types. 5.5.6 FLEXLOGIC TIMERS
PATH: SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC FLEXLOGIC TIMERS FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1(32) Range: millisecond, second, minute
FLEXLOGIC TIMER 1
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There are 32 identical FlexLogic timers available. These timers can be used as operators for FlexLogic equations. TIMER 1 TYPE: This setting is used to select the time measuring unit. TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set this function to "0".
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
TIMER 1 DROPOUT DELAY: Sets the time delay to dropout. If a dropout delay is not required, set this function to "0". 5.5.7 FLEXELEMENTS
PATH: SETTING
FLEXLOGIC
FLEXELEMENTS
FLEXELEMENT 1
FLEXELEMENT 1 NAME: FxE1 FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN: Off FLEXELEMENT 1 -IN: Off FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE: Signed FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE: Level FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION: Over FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS: 3.0% FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT: milliseconds FLEXELEMENT 1 dt: 20 FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY: 0.000 s FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY: 0.000 s FLEXELEMENT 1 BLK: Off FLEXELEMENT 1 TARGET: Self-reset FLEXELEMENT 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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A FlexElement is a universal comparator that can be used to monitor any analog actual value calculated by the relay or a net difference of any two analog actual values of the same type. The effective operating signal could be treated as a signed number or its absolute value could be used as per user's choice. The element can be programmed to respond either to a signal level or to a rate-of-change (delta) over a pre-defined period of time. The output operand is asserted when the operating signal is higher than a threshold or lower than a threshold as per user's choice.
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
5 SETTINGS
SETTING FLEXELEMENT 1 FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING FLEXELEMENT 1 BLK: AND Off = 0 SETTINGS FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN: RUN Actual Value FLEXELEMENT 1 -IN: Actual Value
SETTINGS FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE: FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE: FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION: FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP: FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT HYSTERESIS: FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT: FLEXELEMENT 1 dt: SETTINGS FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY: FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS FxE 1 OP
+ -
tPKP tRST
Figure 551: FLEXELEMENT SCHEME LOGIC The FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN setting specifies the first (non-inverted) input to the FlexElement. Zero is assumed as the input if this setting is set to Off. For proper operation of the element at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element will not assert its output operands. This FLEXELEMENT 1 IN setting specifies the second (inverted) input to the FlexElement. Zero is assumed as the input if this setting is set to Off. For proper operation of the element at least one input must be selected. Otherwise, the element will not assert its output operands. This input should be used to invert the signal if needed for convenience, or to make the element respond to a differential signal such as for a top-bottom oil temperature differential alarm. The element will not operate if the two input signals are of different types, for example if one tries to use active power and phase angle to build the effective operating signal. The element responds directly to the differential signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting is set to Signed. The element responds to the absolute value of the differential signal if this setting is set to Absolute. Sample applications for the Absolute setting include monitoring the angular difference between two phasors with a symmetrical limit angle in both directions; monitoring power regardless of its direction, or monitoring a trend regardless of whether the signal increases of decreases. The element responds directly to its operating signal as defined by the FLEXELEMENT 1 +IN, FLEXELEMENT 1 IN and FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE settings if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to Level. The element responds to the rate of change of its operating signal if the FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE setting is set to Delta. In this case the FLEXELEMENT 1 dt UNIT and FLEXELEMENT 1 dt settings specify how the rate of change is derived. The FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION setting enables the relay to respond to either high or low values of the operating signal. The following figure explains the application of the FLEXELEMENT 1 DIRECTION, FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP and FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS settings.
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5.5 FLEXLOGIC
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
HYSTERESIS = % of PICKUP
PICKUP
FlexElement 1 OpSig
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
HYSTERESIS = % of PICKUP
PICKUP
FlexElement 1 OpSig
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Figure 552: FLEXELEMENT DIRECTION, PICKUP, AND HYSTERESIS In conjunction with the FLEXELEMENT 1 INPUT MODE setting the element could be programmed to provide two extra characteristics as shown in the figure below.
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
5
FlexElement 1 OpSig
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
FlexElement 1 OpSig
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
FlexElement 1 OpSig
FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP
FlexElement 1 OpSig
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5 SETTINGS
The FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP setting specifies the operating threshold for the effective operating signal of the element. If set to Over, the element picks up when the operating signal exceeds the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value. If set to Under, the element picks up when the operating signal falls below the FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP value. The FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS setting controls the element dropout. It should be noticed that both the operating signal and the pickup threshold can be negative facilitating applications such as reverse power alarm protection. The FlexElement can be programmed to work with all analog actual values measured by the relay. The FLEXELEMENT 1 PICKUP setting is entered in per-unit values using the following definitions of the base units: Table 512: FLEXELEMENT BASE UNITS
BREAKER ARCING AMPS (Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C) dcmA FREQUENCY PHASE ANGLE POWER FACTOR RTDs SOURCE CURRENT SOURCE ENERGY (Positive and Negative Watthours, Positive and Negative Varhours) SOURCE POWER SOURCE VOLTAGE BASE = 2000 kA2 cycle BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured under the +IN and IN inputs. fBASE = 1 Hz BASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention) PFBASE = 1.00 BASE = 100C IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and IN inputs EBASE = 10000 MWh or MVAh, respectively PBASE = maximum value of VBASE IBASE for the +IN and IN inputs VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and IN inputs VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and IN inputs
The FLEXELEMENT 1 HYSTERESIS setting defines the pickupdropout relation of the element by specifying the width of the hysteresis loop as a percentage of the pickup value as shown in the FlexElement direction, pickup, and hysteresis diagram. The FLEXELEMENT 1 DT UNIT setting specifies the time unit for the setting FLEXELEMENT 1 dt. This setting is applicable only if FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to Delta. The FLEXELEMENT 1 DT setting specifies duration of the time interval for the rate of change mode of operation. This setting is applicable only if FLEXELEMENT 1 COMP MODE is set to Delta. This FLEXELEMENT 1 PKP DELAY setting specifies the pickup delay of the element. The FLEXELEMENT 1 RST DELAY setting specifies the reset delay of the element.
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PATH: SETTINGS
FLEXLOGIC
NON-VOLATILE LATCHES
LATCH 1
LATCH 1 TYPE: Reset Dominant LATCH 1 SET: Off LATCH 1 RESET: Off LATCH 1 TARGET: Self-reset LATCH 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The non-volatile latches provide a permanent logical flag that is stored safely and will not reset upon reboot after the relay is powered down. Typical applications include sustaining operator commands or permanently block relay functions, such as Autorecloser, until a deliberate interface action resets the latch. The settings element operation is described below: LATCH 1 TYPE: This setting characterizes Latch 1 to be Set- or Reset-dominant. LATCH 1 SET: If asserted, the specified FlexLogic operands 'sets' Latch 1. LATCH 1 RESET: If asserted, the specified FlexLogic operand 'resets' Latch 1.
SETTING
LATCH 1 FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING LATCH 1 SET: Off=0 SETTING LATCH 1 SET: Off=0
Set Dominant
ON ON OFF OFF
RESET
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Each protection element can be assigned up to six different sets of settings according to setting group designations 1 to 6. The performance of these elements is defined by the active setting group at a given time. Multiple setting groups allow the user to conveniently change protection settings for different operating situations (for example, altered power system configuration, season of the year, etc.). The active setting group can be preset or selected via the SETTING GROUPS menu (see the Control elements section later in this chapter). See also the Introduction to elements section at the beginning of this chapter. 5.6.2 SETTING GROUP
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6)
SETTING GROUP 1
LINE PICKUP DISTANCE POWER SWING DETECT LOAD ENCROACHMENT PHASE CURRENT NEUTRAL CURRENT WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT GROUND CURRENT NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT BREAKER FAILURE VOLTAGE ELEMENTS
See page 5-125. See page 5-127. See page 5-145. See page 5-154. See page 5-156. See page 5-167. See page 5-175. See page 5-178. See page 5-180. See page 5-186. See page 5-195.
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Each of the six setting group menus is identical. Setting group 1 (the default active group) automatically becomes active if no other group is active (see the Control elements section for additional details).
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PATH: SETTINGS
GROUPED ELEMENTS
LINE PICKUP
LINE PICKUP SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE IOC LINE PICKUP: 1.000 pu LINE PICKUP UV PKP: 0.700 pu LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: 0.150 s LINE END OPEN RESET DELAY: 0.090 s LINE PICKUP OV PKP DELAY: 0.040 s AR CO-ORD BYPASS: Enabled AR CO-ORD PICKUP DELAY: 0.045 s AR CO-ORD RESET DELAY: 0.005 s TERMINAL OPEN: Off AR ACCELERATE: Off LINE PICKUP DISTANCE TRIP: Enabled LINE PICKUP BLOCK: Off LINE PICKUP TARGET: Self-reset LINE PICKUP EVENTS: Disabled
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5
Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Range: FlexLogic operand
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The line pickup feature uses a combination of undercurrent and undervoltage to identify a line that has been de-energized (line end open). Alternately, the user may assign a FlexLogic operand to the TERMINAL OPEN setting that specifies the terminal status. Three instantaneous overcurrent elements are used to identify a previously de-energized line that has been closed onto a fault. Faults other than close-in faults can be identified satisfactorily with the distance elements. Co-ordination features are included to ensure satisfactory operation when high speed automatic reclosure (AR) is employed. The AR CO-ORD DELAY setting allows the overcurrent setting to be below the expected load current seen after reclose. Co-ordination is achieved by all of the LINE PICKP UV elements resetting and blocking the trip path before the AR CO-ORD DELAY times out. The AR CO-ORD BYPASS setting is normally enabled. It is disabled if high speed autoreclosure is implemented. The line pickup protection incorporates zone 1 extension capability. When the line is being re-energized from the local terminal, pickup of an overreaching zone 2 or excessive phase current within eight power cycles after the autorecloser issues a close command results in the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP FlexLogic operand. For security, the overcurrent trip is supervised
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by an undervoltage condition, which in turn is controlled by the VT FUSE FAIL OP operand with a 10 ms coordination timer. If a trip from distance in not required, then it can be disabled with the LINE PICKUP DISTANCE TRIP setting. Configure the LINE PICKUP RCL TRIP operand to perform a trip action if the intent is apply zone 1 extension. The zone 1 extension philosophy used here normally operates from an under-reaching zone, and uses an overreaching distance zone when reclosing the line with the other line end open. The AR ACCELERATE setting is provided to achieve zone 1 extension functionality if external autoreclosure is employed. Another zone 1 extension approach is to permanently apply an overreaching zone, and reduce the reach when reclosing. This philosophy can be programmed via the autoreclose scheme.
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP UV PKP SETTING Terminal Open Off = 0 Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING Block Off = 0
AND OR
SETTING Function
SETTINGS Line End Open Pickup Delay Line End Open Reset Delay TPKP
AND AND OR
VAG or VAB < setting VBG or VBC < setting VCG or VCA < setting
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP LEO PKP (LEO = line end open)
TRST
SETTINGS Autoreclose Coordination Pickup Delay Autoreclose Coordination Reset Delay TPKP
AND
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SETTING Autoreclose Coordination Bypass Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z2 PKP PH DIST Z2 PKP
TRST
AND AND
OR
10 ms 0 AND
OR
AND
OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS LINE PICKUP OP LINE PICKUP PKP LINE PICKUP DPO
AND OR AND
OR
AND
TIMER 0 8 cycles FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS LINE PICKUP I<A LINE PICKUP I<B LINE PICKUP I<C
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR CLOSE BKR1 AR CLOSE BKR2 D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRCX VT FUSE FAIL OP
837000AH.CDR
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE Range: SRC 1, SRC 2, SRC 3, SRC 4
DISTANCE
MEMORY DURATION: 10 cycles FORCE SELF-POLAR: Off FORCE MEM-POLAR: Off PHASE DISTANCE Z1 PHASE DISTANCE Z2 PHASE DISTANCE Z3 PHASE DISTANCE Z4 PHASE DISTANCE Z5 GROUND DISTANCE Z1 GROUND DISTANCE Z2 GROUND DISTANCE Z3 GROUND DISTANCE Z4 GROUND DISTANCE Z5
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See page 5128. See page 5128. See page 5128. See page 5128. See page 5128. See page 5137. See page 5137. See page 5137. See page 5137. See page 5137.
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Four common settings are available for distance protection. The DISTANCE SOURCE identifies the signal source for all distance functions. The mho distance functions use a dynamic characteristic: the positive-sequence voltage either memorized or actual is used as a polarizing signal. The memory voltage is also used by the built-in directional supervising functions applied for both the mho and quad characteristics. The MEMORY DURATION setting specifies the length of time a memorized positive-sequence voltage should be used in the distance calculations. After this interval expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence voltage. If it is higher than 10% of the nominal, the actual voltage is used, if lower the memory voltage continues to be used. The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage stays above 80% of its nominal value for five power system cycles. For this reason it is important to ensure that the nominal secondary voltage of the VT is entered correctly under the SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK menu. Set MEMORY DURATION long enough to ensure stability on close-in reverse three-phase faults. For this purpose, the maximum fault clearing time (breaker fail time) in the substation should be considered. On the other hand, the MEMORY DURATION cannot be too long as the power system may experience power swing conditions rotating the voltage and current phasors slowly while the memory voltage is static, as frozen at the beginning of the fault. Keeping the memory in effect for too long may eventually lead to incorrect operation of the distance functions.
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5 SETTINGS
The distance zones can be forced to become self-polarized through the FORCE SELF-POLAR setting. Any user-selected condition (FlexLogic operand) can be configured to force self-polarization. When the selected operand is asserted (logic 1), the distance functions become self-polarized regardless of other memory voltage logic conditions. When the selected operand is de-asserted (logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory voltage logic as shown below. The distance zones can be forced to become memory-polarized through the FORCE MEM-POLAR setting. Any user-selected condition (any FlexLogic operand) can be configured to force memory polarization. When the selected operand is asserted (logic 1), the distance functions become memory-polarized regardless of the positive-sequence voltage magnitude at this time. When the selected operand is de-asserted (logic 0), the distance functions follow other conditions of the memory voltage logic. The FORCE SELF-POLAR and FORCE MEM-POLAR settings should never be asserted simultaneously. If this happens, the logic will give higher priority to forcing self-polarization as indicated in the logic below. This is consistent with the overall philosophy of distance memory polarization. The memory polarization cannot be applied permanently but for a limited time only; the self-polarization may be applied permanently and therefore should take higher priority.
NOTE
Update memory
AND RUN
| V_1 | < 1.15 pu | Vrms | V | | < Vrms / 8 | Vrms | V | | < Vrms / 8 | Vrms | V | | < Vrms / 8 | V_1 | > 0.80 pu | IA | < 0.05 pu | IB | < 0.05 pu | IC | < 0.05 pu | V_1 | < 0.10 pu
TIMER 5 cycles
AND
0 TIMER 6 cycles
AND
S Q
Treset
AND
OR
R
AND
Use V_1
827842A7.CDR
PHASE DISTANCE Z1
PHS DIST Z1 FUNCTION: Disabled PHS DIST Z1 DIR: Forward PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE: Mho PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL CONNECTION: None PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR CONNECTION: None PHS DIST Z1 REACH: 2.00 ohms PHS DIST Z1 RCA: 85 PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH: 2.00 ohms
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Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1, Yd3, Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11 Range: None, Dy1, Dy3, Dy5, Dy7, Dy9, Dy11, Yd1, Yd3, Yd5, Yd7, Yd9, Yd11 Range: 0.02 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
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Range: 30 to 90 in steps of 1
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA: 85 PHS DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: 90 PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA: 85 PHS DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: 90 PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: 10.00 ohms PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: 85 PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: 10.00 ohms PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: 85 PHS DIST Z1 SUPV: 0.200 pu PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: 0.000 pu PHS DIST Z1 DELAY: 0.000 s PHS DIST Z1 BLK: Off PHS DIST Z1 TARGET: Self-reset PHS DIST Z1 EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 30 to 90 in steps of 1
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Range: 60 to 90 in steps of 1
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The phase mho distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance, directional, and overcurrent supervising characteristics. When set to Non-directional, the mho function becomes an offset mho with the reverse reach controlled independently from the forward reach, and all the directional characteristics removed. The phase quadrilateral distance function is comprised of a reactance characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-polarized directional and current supervising characteristics. When set to Non-directional, the quadrilateral function applies a reactance line in the reverse direction instead of the directional comparators. Refer to Chapter 8 for additional information. Each phase distance zone is configured individually through its own setting menu. All of the settings can be independently modified for each of the zones except: 1. 2. The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for the distance SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE). ELEMENTS elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS
GROUPED
The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for the distance elements of all zones as entered under SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE).
The common distance settings described earlier must be properly chosen for correct operation of the phase distance elements. Additional details may be found in chapter 8: Theory of operation. Although all zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO] FlexLogic operands) or time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic operands), only zone 1 is intended for the instantaneous under-reaching tripping mode.
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5 SETTINGS
Ensure that the PHASE VT SECONDARY VOLTAGE setting (see the SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory action.
WARNING
PHS DIST Z1 DIR: All phase distance zones are reversible. The forward direction is defined by the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting, whereas the reverse direction is shifted 180 from that angle. The non-directional zone spans between the forward reach impedance defined by the PHS DIST Z1 REACH and PHS DIST Z1 RCA settings, and the reverse reach impedance defined by PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH and PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA as illustrated below. PHS DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the phase distance function between the mho and quadrilateral characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. The two characteristics and their possible variations are shown in the following figures.
COMP LIMIT
REAC H
5
837720A1.CDR
COMP LIMIT
R E AC H
RCA
R
REV REACH RCA
REV R E AC
837802A1.CDR
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
REACH
DIR COMP LIMIT DIR RCA LFT BLD RCA RCA RGT BLD RCA
R
-LFT BLD RGT BLD
837721A1.CDR
COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT
5
R E AC H
LFT BLD RCA RCA
R
-LFT BLD RGT BLD
COMP LIMIT
R E V R E AC H
COMP LIMIT
837803A1.CDR
GE Multilin
5-131
5 SETTINGS
RCA = 80o COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR RCA = 80o DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o
RCA = 80o COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR RCA = 80o DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o
REAC H
REAC H
RCA = 90o COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR RCA = 45o DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o
RCA = 80o COMP LIMIT = 60o DIR RCA = 80o DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o
REACH
REAC H
R
837722A1.CDR
REAC H
REAC H
RCA = 90o COMP LIMIT = 90o DIR RCA = 45o DIR COMP LIMIT = 90o RGT BLD RCA = 90o LFT BLD RCA = 90o
RCA = 80o COMP LIMIT = 80o DIR RCA = 45o DIR COMP LIMIT = 60o RGT BLD RCA = 80o LFT BLD RCA = 80o
REACH
REAC H
837723A1.CDR
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR VOL CONNECTION: The phase distance elements can be applied to look through a three-phase delta-wye or wye-delta power transformer. In addition, VTs and CTs could be located independently from one another at different windings of the transformer. If the potential source is located at the correct side of the transformer, this setting shall be set to None. This setting specifies the location of the voltage source with respect to the involved power transformer in the direction of the zone. The following figure illustrates the usage of this setting. In section (a), zone 1 is looking through a transformer from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting shall be set to Dy11. In section (b), Zone 4 is looking through a transformer from the wye into the delta winding. Therefore, the Z4 setting shall be set to Yd1. The zone is restricted by the potential point (location of the VTs) as illustrated in Figure (e).
PHS DIST Z1 XFMR CUR CONNECTION: This setting specifies the location of the current source with respect to the involved power transformer in the direction of the zone. In section (a) of the following figure, zone 1 is looking through a transformer from the delta into the wye winding. Therefore, the Z1 setting shall be set to Dy11. In section (b), the CTs are located at the same side as the read point. Therefore, the Z4 setting shall be set to None. See the Theory of operation chapter for more details, and the Application of settings chapter for information on calculating distance reach settings in applications involving power transformers.
(a) (b)
delta
delta
5
Z1
(c)
delta
(e)
L1 L2
Figure 563: APPLICATIONS OF THE PH DIST XFMR VOL/CUR CONNECTION SETTINGS PHS DIST Z1 REACH: This setting defines the zone reach for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional applications, this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in non-directional applications is set independently. The reach impedance is entered in secondary ohms. The reach impedance angle is entered as the PHS DIST Z1 RCA setting. Zone 1 is characterized by transient overreach of less than 5% under source impedance ratios of up to 30. When setting an under-reaching zone 1 for direct tripping and under-reaching pilot schemes (DUTT, PUTT) other factors should be also considered as per rules of distance relaying. In non-directional applications, this 5% transient accuracy applies to the forward reach only. PHS DIST Z1 RCA: This setting specifies the characteristic angle (similar to the maximum torque angle in previous technologies) of the phase distance characteristic for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional applications, this setting defines the angle of the forward reach impedance. The reverse reach impedance in the non-direc-
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5 SETTINGS
tional applications is set independently. The setting is an angle of reach impedance as shown in the distance characteristic figures shown earlier. This setting is independent from PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA, the characteristic angle of an extra directional supervising function. PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH: This setting defines the reverse reach of the zone set to non-directional (PHS DIST Z1 DIR setting). The value must be entered in secondary ohms. This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to Forward or Reverse. PHS DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA: This setting defines the angle of the reverse reach impedance if the zone is set to non-directional (PHS DIST Z1 DIR setting). This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to Forward or Reverse. PHS DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: This setting shapes the operating characteristic. In particular, it produces the lens-type characteristic of the mho function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the reactance boundary of the quadrilateral function. If the mho shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to both the mho and supervising reactance comparators. In conjunction with the mho shape selection, the setting improves loadability of the protected line. In conjunction with the quadrilateral characteristic, this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by adjusting the reactance boundary into a tent-shape. PHS DIST Z1 DIR RCA: This setting selects the characteristic angle (or maximum torque angle) of the directional supervising function. If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function as the dynamic mho characteristic is itself directional. In conjunction with the quadrilateral shape, this setting defines the only directional function built into the phase distance element. The directional function uses the memory voltage for polarization. This setting typically equals the distance characteristic angle PHS DIST Z1 RCA. PHS DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: Selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function. PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: This setting defines the right blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figures). The angular position of the blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral characteristic and should be set giving consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage. PHS DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quadrilateral characteristic (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figures). PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: This setting defines the left blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figures). The angular position of the blinder is adjustable with the use of the PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current. PHS DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quadrilateral characteristic (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figures). PHS DIST Z1 SUPV: The phase distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the line-to-line current (fault loop current used for the distance calculations). For convenience, 3 is accommodated by the pickup (that is, before being used, the entered value of the threshold setting is multiplied by 3 ). If the minimum fault current level is sufficient, the current supervision pickup should be set above maximum full load current preventing maloperation under VT fuse fail conditions. This requirement may be difficult to meet for remote faults at the end of zones 2 and above. If this is the case, the current supervision pickup would be set below the full load current, but this may result in maloperation during fuse fail conditions. Zone 1 is sealed-in with the current supervision. PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if series capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point where the zone shall not overreach. For plain (non-compensated) lines, set to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the phase VT bank configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. Effectively, this setting facilitates dynamic current-based reach reduction. In non-directional applications (PHS DIST Z1 DIR set to Non-directional), this setting applies only to the forward reach of the nondirectional zone. See chapters 8 and 9 for information on calculating this setting for series compensated lines. PHS DIST Z1 DELAY: This setting allows the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement stepped distance protection. The distance element timers for zones 2 and higher apply a short dropout delay to cope with faults located close to the zone boundary when small oscillations in the voltages or currents could inadvertently reset the timer. Zone 1 does not need any drop out delay since it is sealed-in by the presence of current.
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5 SETTINGS
PHS DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic operand to block a given distance element. VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting.
AND OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 PKP AB FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 PKP BC FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 PKP CA
AND OR OR
AND OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA OPEN POLE OP **
** D60, L60, and L90 only. Other UR-series models apply regular current seal-in for zone 1.
837017A8.CDR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z2 PKP CA from the trip output element FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP Z2 PH TMR INIT
OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
OR
Figure 565: PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 2 OP SCHEME For phase distance zone 2, there is a provision to start the zone timer with other distance zones or loop the pickup flag to avoid prolonging phase distance zone 2 operation when the fault evolves from one type to another or migrates from the initial zone to zone 2. Desired zones in the trip output function should be assigned to accomplish this functionality.
NOTE
GE Multilin
5-135
5 SETTINGS
AND OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
5
SETTING PH DIST Z1 FUNCTION Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING PH DIST Z1 BLK Off = 0 AND
SETTING DISTANCE SOURCE IA-IB IB-IC IC-IA VAG-VBG VBG-VCG VCG-VAG VAB VBC VCA V_1 I_1
PH DIST Z1 DIR PH DIST Z1 SHAPE PH DIST Z1 XFMR VOL CONNECTION PH DIST Z1 XFMR CUR CONNECTION PH DIST Z1 REACH PH DIST Z1 RCA PH DIST Z1 REV REACH PH DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA PH DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT PH DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD PH DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA PH DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD PH DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA PH DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL
RUN
Quadrilateral characteristic only FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 PKP AB PH DIST Z1 DPO AB FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 PKP BC PH DIST Z1 DPO BC FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 PKP CA PH DIST Z1 DPO CA FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 PKP
RUN
Wye VTs
B-C ELEMENT
RUN
AND
Delta VTs
C-A ELEMENT AND MEMORY V_1 > 0.80 pu OR I_1 > 0.025 pu 1 cycle TIMER 1 cycle
OR
| IA IB | > 3 Pickup
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 SUPN IAB FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 SUPN IBC FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PH DIST Z1 SUPN ICA
837002AL.CDR
| IB IC | > 3 Pickup
RUN
| IC IA | > 3 Pickup
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GROUND DISTANCE Z1
GND DIST Z1 FUNCTION: Disabled GND DIST Z1 DIR: Forward GND DIST Z1 SHAPE: Mho GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG: 2.70 GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG: 0 GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 MAG: 0.00 GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 ANG: 0 GND DIST Z1 REACH: 2.00 GND DIST Z1 RCA: 85 GND DIST Z1 REV REACH: 2.00 GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA: 85 GND DIST Z1 POL CURRENT: Zero-seq GND DIST Z1 NONHOMOGEN ANG: 0.0 GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: 90 GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA: 85 GND DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: 90 GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: 10.00 GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: 85 GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: 10.00 GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: 85 GND DIST Z1 SUPV: 0.200 pu
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Range: 90 to 90 in steps of 1
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5-137
5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS GND DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: 0.000 pu GND DIST Z1 DELAY: 0.000 s GND DIST Z1 BLK: Off GND DIST Z1 TARGET: Self-Reset GND DIST Z1 EVENTS: Disabled
5 SETTINGS
Range: 0.000 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001
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The ground mho distance function uses a dynamic 100% memory-polarized mho characteristic with additional reactance, directional, current, and phase selection supervising characteristics. The ground quadrilateral distance function is composed of a reactance characteristic, right and left blinders, and 100% memory-polarized directional, overcurrent, and phase selection supervising characteristics. When set to non-directional, the mho function becomes an offset mho with the reverse reach controlled independently from the forward reach, and all the directional characteristics removed. When set to non-directional, the quadrilateral function applies a reactance line in the reverse direction instead of the directional comparators. The reactance supervision for the mho function uses the zero-sequence current for polarization. The reactance line of the quadrilateral function uses either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as a polarizing quantity. The selection is controlled by a user setting and depends on the degree of non-homogeneity of the zero-sequence and negative-sequence equivalent networks.
The directional supervision uses memory voltage as polarizing quantity and both zero- and negative-sequence currents as operating quantities. The phase selection supervision restrains the ground elements during double-line-to-ground faults as they by principles of distance relaying may be inaccurate in such conditions. Ground distance zones 2 and higher apply additional zerosequence directional supervision. See chapter 8 for additional details. Each ground distance zone is configured individually through its own setting menu. All of the settings can be independently modified for each of the zones except: 1. 2. The SIGNAL SOURCE setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all zones as entered under the SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE menu). The MEMORY DURATION setting (common for both phase and ground elements for all zones as entered under the SETGROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE menu). TINGS
The common distance settings noted at the start of this section must be properly chosen for correct operation of the ground distance elements. Although all ground distance zones can be used as either instantaneous elements (pickup [PKP] and dropout [DPO] FlexLogic signals) or time-delayed elements (operate [OP] FlexLogic signals), only zone 1 is intended for the instantaneous under-reaching tripping mode.
BANK
WARNING
Ensure that the PHASE VT SECONDARY VOLTAGE (see the SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS menu) is set correctly to prevent improper operation of associated memory action.
VOLTAGE
GND DIST Z1 DIR: All ground distance zones are reversible. The forward direction is defined by the GND DIST Z1 RCA setting and the reverse direction is shifted by 180 from that angle. The non-directional zone spans between the forward reach impedance defined by the GND DIST Z1 REACH and GND DIST Z1 RCA settings, and the reverse reach impedance defined by the GND DIST Z1 REV REACH and GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA settings. GND DIST Z1 SHAPE: This setting selects the shape of the ground distance characteristic between the mho and quadrilateral characteristics. The selection is available on a per-zone basis. The directional and non-directional quadrilateral ground distance characteristics are shown below. The directional and non-directional mho ground distance characteristics are the same as those shown for the phase distance element in the previous sub-section.
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5 SETTINGS
X
"+" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG "-" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG
COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT
REACH
DIR COMP LIMIT DIR RCA LFT BLD RCA RCA RGT BLD RCA
R
-LFT BLD RGT BLD
837769A1.CDR
X
"+" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG "-" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG
COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT
REACH
RCA
R
-LFT BLD REV REACH RCA RGT BLD
COMP LIMIT
"-" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG "+" NON-HOMOGEN. ANG
RE V REACH
COMP LIMIT
837770A1.CDR
Figure 569: NON-DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL GROUND DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG: This setting specifies the ratio between the zero-sequence and positive-sequence impedance required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. This setting is available on a perzone basis, enabling precise settings for tapped, non-homogeneous, and series compensated lines. GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG: This setting specifies the angle difference between the zero-sequence and positivesequence impedance required for zero-sequence compensation of the ground distance elements. The entered value is the zero-sequence impedance angle minus the positive-sequence impedance angle. This setting is available on a perzone basis, enabling precise values for tapped, non-homologous, and series-compensated lines. GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 MAG: The ground distance elements can be programmed to apply compensation for the zerosequence mutual coupling between parallel lines. If this compensation is required, the ground current from the parallel line (3I_0) measured in the direction of the zone being compensated must be connected to the ground input CT of the CT bank configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. This setting specifies the ratio between the magnitudes of the mutual zero-sequence impedance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line. It is imperative to set this setting to zero if the compensation is not to be performed.
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5 SETTINGS
GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 ANG: This setting specifies the angle difference between the mutual zero-sequence impedance between the lines and the positive-sequence impedance of the protected line. GND DIST Z1 REACH: This setting defines the reach of the zone for the forward and reverse applications. In nondirectional applications, this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in non-directional applications is set independently. The angle of the reach impedance is entered as the GND DIST Z1 RCA setting. The reach impedance is entered in secondary ohms. GND DIST Z1 RCA: This setting specifies the characteristic angle (similar to the maximum torque angle in previous technologies) of the ground distance characteristic for the forward and reverse applications. In the non-directional applications this setting defines the forward reach of the zone. The reverse reach impedance in the non-directional applications is set independently. This setting is independent from the GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA setting (the characteristic angle of an extra directional supervising function). The relay internally performs zero-sequence compensation for the protected circuit based on the values entered for GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG, and if configured to do so, zero-sequence compensation for mutual coupling based on the values entered for GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 MAG and GND DIST Z1 Z0M/Z1 ANG. The GND DIST Z1 REACH and GND DIST Z1 RCA should, therefore, be entered in terms of positive sequence quantities. Refer to chapters 8 for additional information
NOTE
GND DIST Z1 REV REACH: This setting defines the reverse reach of the zone set to non-directional (GND DIST Z1 DIR setting). The value must be entered in secondary ohms. This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to Forward or Reverse. GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA: This setting defines the angle of the reverse reach impedance if the zone is set to non-directional (GND DIST Z1 DIR setting). This setting does not apply when the zone direction is set to Forward or Reverse. GND DIST Z1 POL CURRENT: This setting applies only if the GND DIST Z1 SHAPE is set to Quad and controls the polarizing current used by the reactance comparator of the quadrilateral characteristic. Either the zero-sequence or negative-sequence current could be used. In general, a variety of system conditions must be examined to select an optimum polarizing current. This setting becomes less relevant when the resistive coverage and zone reach are set conservatively. Also, this setting is more relevant in lower voltage applications such as on distribution lines or cables, as compared with high-voltage transmission lines. This setting applies to both the zone 1 and reverse reactance lines if the zone is set to non-directional. Refer to chapters 8 and 9 for additional information. GND DIST Z1 NON-HOMOGEN ANG: This setting applies only if the GND DIST Z1 SHAPE is set to Quad and provides a method to correct the angle of the polarizing current of the reactance comparator for non-homogeneity of the zerosequence or negative-sequence networks. In general, a variety of system conditions must be examined to select this setting. In many applications this angle is used to reduce the reach at high resistances in order to avoid overreaching under far-out reach settings and/or when the sequence networks are greatly non-homogeneous. This setting applies to both the forward and reverse reactance lines if the zone is set to non-directional. Refer to chapters 8 and 9 for additional information. GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT: This setting shapes the operating characteristic. In particular, it enables a lens-shaped characteristic of the mho function and a tent-shaped characteristic of the quadrilateral function reactance boundary. If the mho shape is selected, the same limit angle applies to mho and supervising reactance comparators. In conjunction with the mho shape selection, this setting improves loadability of the protected line. In conjunction with the quadrilateral characteristic, this setting improves security for faults close to the reach point by adjusting the reactance boundary into a tent-shape. GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA: Selects the characteristic angle (or maximum torque angle) of the directional supervising function. If the mho shape is applied, the directional function is an extra supervising function, as the dynamic mho characteristic itself is a directional one. In conjunction with the quadrilateral shape selection, this setting defines the only directional function built into the ground distance element. The directional function uses memory voltage for polarization. GND DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT: This setting selects the comparator limit angle for the directional supervising function. GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD: This setting defines the right blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figure). The angular position of the blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current and required resistive coverage.
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GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the right blinder of the quadrilateral characteristic (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figure). GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD: This setting defines the left blinder position of the quadrilateral characteristic along the resistive axis of the impedance plane (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figure). The angular position of the blinder is adjustable with the use of the GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA setting. This setting applies only to the quadrilateral characteristic and should be set with consideration to the maximum load current. GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA: This setting defines the angular position of the left blinder of the quadrilateral characteristic (see the Quadrilateral distance characteristic figure). GND DIST Z1 SUPV: The ground distance elements are supervised by the magnitude of the neutral (3I_0) current. The current supervision pickup should be set less than the minimum 3I_0 current for the end of the zone fault, taking into account the desired fault resistance coverage to prevent maloperation due to VT fuse failure. Settings less than 0.2 pu are not recommended and should be applied with caution. To enhance ground distance security against spurious neutral current during switch-off transients, three-phase faults, and phase-to-phase faults, a positive-sequence current restraint of 5% is applied to the neutral current supervision magnitude. Zone 1 is sealed in with the current supervision.
GND DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL: This setting is relevant for applications on series-compensated lines, or in general, if series capacitors are located between the relaying point and a point for which the zone shall not overreach. For plain (non-compensated) lines, this setting shall be set to zero. Otherwise, the setting is entered in per unit of the VT bank configured under the DISTANCE SOURCE. Effectively, this setting facilitates dynamic current-based reach reduction. In non-directional applications (GND DIST Z1 DIR set to Non-directional), this setting applies only to the forward reach of the non-directional zone. See chapters 8 and 9 for additional details and information on calculating this setting value for applications on series compensated lines. GND DIST Z1 DELAY: This setting enables the user to delay operation of the distance elements and implement a stepped distance backup protection. The distance element timer applies a short drop out delay to cope with faults located close to the boundary of the zone when small oscillations in the voltages or currents could inadvertently reset the timer. GND DIST Z1 BLK: This setting enables the user to select a FlexLogic operand to block the given distance element. VT fuse fail detection is one of the applications for this setting.
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SETTING GND DIST Z1 DELAY TPKP 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z1 PKP B FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z1 PKP C TPKP 0 TPKP 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z1 SUPN IN OPEN POLE OP **
AND AND OR AND OR OR
AND OR
** D60, L60, and L90 only. Other UR-series models apply regular current seal-in for zone 1.
837018A7.CDR
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
from the open pole detector element D60, L60, and L90 only) FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP **
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z2 PKP C from the trip output element FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP Z2 GR TMR INIT
OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
AND
OR
Figure 571: GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 2 OP SCHEME For ground distance zone 2, there is a provision to start the zone timer with the other distance zones or loop pickup flags to avoid prolonging ground distance zone 2 operation if the fault evolves from one type to another or migrates from zone 3 or 4 to zone 2. The desired zones should be assigned in the trip output element to accomplish this functionality.
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP ** TIMER 0 ms 20 ms SETTING GND DIST Z3 DELAY TPKP 0
NOTE
AND OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
TIMER 0 ms 20 ms
AND OR
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D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE OP A OPEN POLE OP B OPEN POLE OP C SETTINGS GND DIST Z1 DIR GND DIST Z1 SHAPE GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 MAG GND DIST Z1 Z0/Z1 ANG GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 MAG GND DIST Z1 ZOM/Z1 ANG GND DIST Z1 REACH GND DIST Z1 RCA GND DIST Z1 REV REACH GND DIST Z1 REV REACH RCA GND DIST Z1 POL CURRENT GND DIST Z1 NON-HOMGEN ANG AND Off = 0 GND DIST Z1 COMP LIMIT GND DIST Z1 DIR RCA GND DIST Z1 DIR COMP LIMIT GND DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD GND DIST Z1 QUAD RGT BLD RCA GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD GND DIST Z1 QUAD LFT BLD RCA
RUN
SETTING GND DIST Z1 FUNCTION Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING GND DIST Z1 BLK
SETTING DISTANCE SOURCE IA-IB IB-IC IC-IA VAG-VBG VBG-VCG VCG-VAG VAB VBC VCA I_2 I_0 V_1 I_1 IN Wye VTs
A ELEMENT
RUN
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z1 PKP AB GND DIST Z1 DPO A FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z1 PKP B GND DIST Z1 DPO B
B ELEMENT
RUN
Delta VTs
AND
C ELEMENT MEMORY TIMER 1 cycle OR I_1 > 0.025 pu SETTING GND DIST Z1 SUPV
RUN
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z1 PKP C GND DIST Z1 DPO C FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z1 PKP
OR 1 cycle
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D60, L60, and L90 only FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE OP A OPEN POLE OP B OPEN POLE OP C SETTINGS GND DIST Z2 DIR GND DIST Z2 SHAPE GND DIST Z2 Z0/Z2 MAG GND DIST Z2 Z0/Z2 ANG GND DIST Z2 ZOM/Z1 MAG GND DIST Z2 ZOM/Z1 ANG GND DIST Z2 REACH GND DIST Z2 RCA GND DIST Z2 REV REACH GND DIST Z2 REV REACH RCA GND DIST Z2 POL CURRENT GND DIST Z2 NON-HOMGEN ANG AND Off = 0 GND DIST Z2 COMP LIMIT GND DIST Z2 DIR RCA GND DIST Z2 DIR COMP LIMIT GND DIST Z2 VOLT LEVEL GND DIST Z2 QUAD RGT BLD GND DIST Z2 QUAD RGT BLD RCA GND DIST Z2 QUAD LFT BLD GND DIST Z2 QUAD LFT BLD RCA
RUN
SETTING GND DIST Z2 FUNCTION Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING GND DIST Z2 BLK
SETTING DISTANCE SOURCE IA-IB IB-IC IC-IA VAG-VBG VBG-VCG VCG-VAG VAB VBC VCA I_2 I_0 V_1 I_1 IN Wye VTs
A ELEMENT AND
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z2 PKP AB GND DIST Z2 DPO A FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z2 PKP B GND DIST Z2 DPO B
B ELEMENT AND
RUN
Delta VTs
C ELEMENT MEMORY TIMER 1 cycle OR I_1 > 0.025 pu SETTING GND DIST Z2 SUPV
RUN
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z2 PKP C GND DIST Z2 DPO C FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z2 PKP
OR 1 cycle
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND GND DIST Z2 SUPN IN GND DIST Z2 DIR SUPN OPEN POLE OP ** ** D60, L60, and L90 only
OR
837011AH.CDR
Figure 574: GROUND DISTANCE ZONES 2 AND HIGHER SCHEME LOGIC GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION: A dual (zero-sequence and negative-sequence) memory-polarized directional supervision applied to the ground distance protection elements has been shown to give good directional integrity. However, a reverse double-line-to-ground fault can lead to a maloperation of the ground element in a sound phase if the zone reach setting is increased to cover high resistance faults. Ground distance zones 2 and higher use an additional ground directional supervision to enhance directional integrity. The elements directional characteristic angle is used as a maximum torque angle together with a 90 limit angle. The supervision is biased toward operation in order to avoid compromising the sensitivity of ground distance elements at low signal levels. Otherwise, the reverse fault condition that generates concern will have high polarizing levels so that a correct reverse fault decision can be reliably made. The supervision for zones 2 and 5 is removed during open pole conditions.
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RUN
OR
AND
837009A7.CDR
Figure 575: GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION SCHEME LOGIC 5.6.5 POWER SWING DETECT
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) POWER SWING DETECT Range: Disabled, Enabled
POWER SWING FUNCTION: Disabled POWER SWING SOURCE: SRC 1 POWER SWING SHAPE: Mho Shape POWER SWING MODE: Two Step POWER SWING SUPV: 0.600 pu POWER SWING FWD REACH: 50.00 POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH MID: 60.00 POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH OUT: 70.00 POWER SWING FWD RCA: 75 POWER SWING REV REACH: 50.00 POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH MID: 60.00 POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH OUT: 70.00 POWER SWING REV RCA: 75 POWER SWING OUTER LIMIT ANGLE: 120 POWER SWING MIDDLE LIMIT ANGLE: 90 POWER SWING INNER LIMIT ANGLE: 60
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Range: 40 to 90 in steps of 1
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Range: 40 to 90 in steps of 1
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5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS POWER SWING OUTER RGT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING OUTER LFT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING MIDDLE RGT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING MIDDLE LFT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING INNER RGT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING INNER LFT BLD: 100.00 POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1: 0.030 s POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1: 0.050 s POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2: 0.017 s POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3: 0.009 s POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 4: 0.017 s POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.400 s POWER SWING TRIP MODE: Delayed POWER SWING BLK: Off POWER SWING TARGET: Self-Reset POWER SWING EVENTS: Disabled
5 SETTINGS
Range: 0.10 to 500.00 ohms in steps of 0.01
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5
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The power swing detect element provides both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The element measures the positive-sequence apparent impedance and traces its locus with respect to either two or three user-selectable operating characteristic boundaries. Upon detecting appropriate timing relations, the blocking and tripping indications are given through FlexLogic operands. The element incorporates an adaptive disturbance detector. This function does not trigger on power swings, but is capable of detecting faster disturbances faults in particular that may occur during power swings. Operation of this dedicated disturbance detector is signaled via the POWER SWING 50DD operand. The power swing detect element asserts two outputs intended for blocking selected protection elements on power swings:
POWER SWING BLOCK is a traditional signal that is safely asserted for the entire duration of the power swing, and POWER SWING UN/BLOCK is established in the same way, but resets when an extra disturbance is detected during the power swing. The POWER SWING UN/BLOCK operand may be used for blocking selected protection elements if the intent is to respond to
faults during power swing conditions. Different protection elements respond differently to power swings. If tripping is required for faults during power swing conditions, some elements may be blocked permanently (using the POWER SWING BLOCK operand), and others may be blocked and dynamically unblocked upon fault detection (using the POWER SWING UN/BLOCK operand).
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The operating characteristic and logic figures should be viewed along with the following discussion to develop an understanding of the operation of the element. The power swing detect element operates in three-step or two-step mode: Three-step operation: The power swing blocking sequence essentially times the passage of the locus of the positivesequence impedance between the outer and the middle characteristic boundaries. If the locus enters the outer characteristic (indicated by the POWER SWING OUTER FlexLogic operand) but stays outside the middle characteristic (indicated by the POWER SWING MIDDLE FlexLogic operand) for an interval longer than POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1, the power swing blocking signal (POWER SWING BLOCK FlexLogic operand) is established and sealed-in. The blocking signal resets when the locus leaves the outer characteristic, but not sooner than the POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 time. Two-step operation: If the two-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical, but it is the outer and inner characteristics that are used to time the power swing locus.
The out-of-step tripping feature operates as follows for three-step and two-step power swing detection modes: Three-step operation: The out-of-step trip sequence identifies unstable power swings by determining if the impedance locus spends a finite time between the outer and middle characteristics and then a finite time between the middle and inner characteristics. The first step is similar to the power swing blocking sequence. After timer POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1 times out, latch 1 is set as long as the impedance stays within the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the middle characteristic but stays outside the inner characteristic for a period of time defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2, latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the inner characteristic and stays there for a period of time defined as POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3, latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic; the element is now ready to trip. If the "Early" trip mode is selected, the POWER SWING TRIP operand is set immediately and sealed-in for the interval set by the POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY. If the "Delayed" trip mode is selected, the element waits until the impedance locus leaves the inner characteristic, then times out the POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 and sets Latch 4; the element is now ready to trip. The trip operand is set later, when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic. Two-step operation: The two-step mode of operation is similar to the three-step mode with two exceptions. First, the initial stage monitors the time spent by the impedance locus between the outer and inner characteristics. Second, the stage involving the POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2 timer is bypassed. It is up to the user to integrate the blocking (POWER SWING BLOCK) and tripping (POWER SWING TRIP) FlexLogic operands with other protection functions and output contacts in order to make this element fully operational.
The element can be set to use either lens (mho) or rectangular (quadrilateral) characteristics as illustrated below. When set to Mho, the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, their settings should be set high enough to effectively disable the blinders.
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IN NE R
FWD RE ACH
OU
TE
R
ID DL E M
CA DR FW
REV REAC
IN
R NE
LIM
IT
L NG
E
MI DD L
IM EL
IT
AN
GL
V RE A RC
827843A2.CDR
842734A1.CDR
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INNER LFT BL
D D
FWD RCA
QUAD FWD RE
QUAD FWD RE
OUTER LFT BL
MIDDLE RGT
OUTER RGT BL
ACH MID
ACH OUT
MIDDLE LFT BL
INNER RGT BL
REV REACH
CH MID
QUAD REV RE
ACH OUT
842735A1.CDR
Figure 578: POWER SWING DETECT QUADRILATERAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS The FlexLogic output operands for the power swing detect element are described below: The POWER SWING OUTER, POWER SWING MIDDLE, POWER SWING INNER, POWER SWING TMR2 PKP, POWER SWING TMR3 PKP, and POWER SWING TMR4 PKP FlexLogic operands are auxiliary operands that could be used to facilitate testing and special applications. The POWER SWING BLOCK FlexLogic operand shall be used to block selected protection elements such as distance functions. The POWER SWING UN/BLOCK FlexLogic operand shall be used to block those protection elements that are intended to be blocked under power swings, but subsequently unblocked should a fault occur after the power swing blocking condition has been established. The POWER SWING 50DD FlexLogic operand indicates that an adaptive disturbance detector integrated with the element has picked up. This operand will trigger on faults occurring during power swing conditions. This includes both three-phase and single-pole-open conditions. The POWER SWING INCOMING FlexLogic operand indicates an unstable power swing with an incoming locus (the locus enters the inner characteristic). The POWER SWING OUTGOING FlexLogic operand indicates an unstable power swing with an outgoing locus (the locus leaving the outer characteristic). This operand can be used to count unstable swings and take certain action only after pre-defined number of unstable power swings. The POWER SWING TRIP FlexLogic operand is a trip command.
The settings for the power swing detect element are described below: POWER SWING FUNCTION: This setting enables and disables the entire power swing detection element. The setting applies to both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. POWER SWING SOURCE: The source setting identifies the signal source for both blocking and tripping functions. POWER SWING SHAPE: This setting selects the shapes (either Mho or Quad) of the outer, middle and, inner characteristics of the power swing detect element. The operating principle is not affected. The Mho characteristics use the left and right blinders.
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POWER SWING MODE: This setting selects between the two-step and three-step operating modes and applies to both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping functions. The three-step mode applies if there is enough space between the maximum load impedances and distance characteristics of the relay that all three (outer, middle, and inner) characteristics can be placed between the load and the distance characteristics. Whether the spans between the outer and middle as well as the middle and inner characteristics are sufficient should be determined by analysis of the fastest power swings expected in correlation with settings of the power swing timers. The two-step mode uses only the outer and inner characteristics for both blocking and tripping functions. This leaves more space in heavily loaded systems to place two power swing characteristics between the distance characteristics and the maximum load, but allows for only one determination of the impedance trajectory.
POWER SWING SUPV: A common overcurrent pickup level supervises all three power swing characteristics. The supervision responds to the positive sequence current. POWER SWING FWD REACH: This setting specifies the forward reach of all three mho characteristics and the inner quadrilateral characteristic. For a simple system consisting of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach should be higher than the sum of the line and remote source positive-sequence impedances. Detailed transient stability studies may be needed for complex systems in order to determine this setting. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH MID: This setting specifies the forward reach of the middle quadrilateral characteristic. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape setting is Mho. POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH OUT: This setting specifies the forward reach of the outer quadrilateral characteristic. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape setting is Mho. POWER SWING FWD RCA: This setting specifies the angle of the forward reach impedance for the mho characteristics, angles of all the blinders, and both forward and reverse reach impedances of the quadrilateral characteristics. POWER SWING REV REACH: This setting specifies the reverse reach of all three mho characteristics and the inner quadrilateral characteristic. For a simple system of a line and two equivalent sources, this reach should be higher than the positive-sequence impedance of the local source. Detailed transient stability studies may be needed for complex systems to determine this setting. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING REV RCA setting for Mho, and the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting for Quad. POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH MID: This setting specifies the reverse reach of the middle quadrilateral characteristic. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape setting is Mho. POWER SWING QUAD REV REACH OUT: This setting specifies the reverse reach of the outer quadrilateral characteristic. The angle of this reach impedance is specified by the POWER SWING FWD RCA setting. The setting is not used if the shape setting is Mho. POWER SWING REV RCA: This setting specifies the angle of the reverse reach impedance for the mho characteristics. This setting applies to mho shapes only. POWER SWING OUTER LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the outer power swing characteristic. The convention depicted in the Power swing detect characteristic diagram should be observed: values greater than 90 result in an apple-shaped characteristic; values less than 90 result in a lens shaped characteristic. This angle must be selected in consideration of the maximum expected load. If the maximum load angle is known, the outer limit angle should be coordinated with a 20 security margin. Detailed studies may be needed for complex systems to determine this setting. This setting applies to mho shapes only. POWER SWING MIDDLE LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the middle power swing detect characteristic. It is relevant only for the 3-step mode. A typical value would be close to the average of the outer and inner limit angles. This setting applies to mho shapes only. POWER SWING INNER LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines the inner power swing detect characteristic. The inner characteristic is used by the out-of-step tripping function: beyond the inner characteristic out-of-step trip action is definite (the actual trip may be delayed as per the TRIP MODE setting). Therefore, this angle must be selected in consideration to the power swing angle beyond which the system becomes unstable and cannot recover.
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The inner characteristic is also used by the power swing blocking function in the two-step mode. In this case, set this angle large enough so that the characteristics of the distance elements are safely enclosed by the inner characteristic. This setting applies to mho shapes only. POWER SWING OUTER, MIDDLE, and INNER RGT BLD: These settings specify the resistive reach of the right blinder. The blinder applies to both Mho and Quad characteristics. Set these value high if no blinder is required for the Mho characteristic. POWER SWING OUTER, MIDDLE, and INNER LFT BLD: These settings specify the resistive reach of the left blinder. Enter a positive value; the relay automatically uses a negative value. The blinder applies to both Mho and Quad characteristics. Set this value high if no blinder is required for the Mho characteristic. POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1: All the coordinating timers are related to each other and should be set to detect the fastest expected power swing and produce out-of-step tripping in a secure manner. The timers should be set in consideration to the power swing detect characteristics, mode of power swing detect operation and mode of out-ofstep tripping. This timer defines the interval that the impedance locus must spend between the outer and inner characteristics (two-step operating mode), or between the outer and middle characteristics (three-step operating mode) before the power swing blocking signal is established. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for the impedance locus to travel between the two selected characteristics during the fastest expected power swing. This setting is relevant for both power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping. POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1: This setting defines the dropout delay for the power swing blocking signal. Detection of a condition requiring a block output sets latch 1 after PICKUP DELAY 1 time. When the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic, timer POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1 is started. When the timer times-out the latch is reset. This setting should be selected to give extra security for the power swing blocking action. POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2: Controls the out-of-step tripping function in the three-step mode only. This timer defines the interval the impedance locus must spend between the middle and inner characteristics before the second step of the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed. This time delay must be set shorter than the time required for the impedance locus to travel between the two characteristics during the fastest expected power swing. POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3: Controls the out-of-step tripping function only. It defines the interval the impedance locus must spend within the inner characteristic before the last step of the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed and the element is armed to trip. The actual moment of tripping is controlled by the TRIP MODE setting. This time delay is provided for extra security before the out-of-step trip action is executed. POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 4: Controls the out-of-step tripping function in Delayed trip mode only. This timer defines the interval the impedance locus must spend outside the inner characteristic but within the outer characteristic before the element is armed for the delayed trip. The delayed trip occurs when the impedance leaves the outer characteristic. This time delay is provided for extra security and should be set considering the fastest expected power swing. POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY: The out-of-step trip FlexLogic operand (POWER SWING TRIP) is sealed-in for the specified period of time. The sealing-in is crucial in the delayed trip mode, as the original trip signal is a very short pulse occurring when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic after the out-of-step sequence is completed. POWER SWING TRIP MODE: Selection of the Early trip mode results in an instantaneous trip after the last step in the out-of-step tripping sequence is completed. The early trip mode will stress the circuit breakers as the currents at that moment are high (the electromotive forces of the two equivalent systems are approximately 180 apart). Selection of the Delayed trip mode results in a trip at the moment when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic. delayed trip mode will relax the operating conditions for the breakers as the currents at that moment are low. The selection should be made considering the capability of the breakers in the system. POWER SWING BLK: This setting specifies the FlexLogic operand used for blocking the out-of-step function only. The power swing blocking function is operational all the time as long as the element is enabled. The blocking signal resets the output POWER SWING TRIP operand but does not stop the out-of-step tripping sequence.
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5 SETTINGS
SETTINGS POWER SWING SHAPE: POWER SWING FWD REACH: POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH MID: POWER SWING QUAD FWD REACH OUT: POWER SWING FWD RCA: SETTING POWER SWING FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING POWER SWING SOURCE: V_1 I_1 POWER SWING REV REACH: POWER SWING OUTER LIMIT ANGLE: POWER SWING MIDDLE LIMIT ANGLE: POWER SWING INNER LIMIT ANGLE: POWER SWING OUTER RGT BLD: POWER SWING OUTER LFT BLD: POWER SWING MIDDLE RGT BLD:
POWER SWING QUAD REV POWER SWING MIDDLE REACH MID: LFT BLD: POWER SWING QUAD REV POWER SWING INNER REACH OUT: RGT BLD: POWER SWING REV RCA: RUN OUTER IMPEDANCE REGION RUN MIDDLE IMPEDANCE REGION RUN INNER IMPEDANCE REGION SETTING POWER SWING SUPV: AND AND AND POWER SWING INNER LFT BLD: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING OUTER FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING MIDDLE FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING INNER
5
SETTING POWER SWING FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1
TIMER 0
SETTING POWER SWING SOURCE: I_0 I_1 I_2 RUN | |I_0| - |I_0'|| > K_0 | |I_1| - |I_1'|| > K_1 | |I_2| - |I_2'|| > K_2 OR AND 0 4 cycles TIMER
I_0, I_1, I_2 - present values I_0', I_1', I_2' - half-a-cycle old values K_0, K_2 - three times the average change over last power cycle K_1 - four times the average change over last power cycle
842008A1.CDR
5-152
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
GE Multilin
NOTE: L1 AND L4 LATCHES ARE SET DOMINANT L2, L3 AND L5 LATCHES ARE RESET DOMINANT
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
AND AND AND AND AND
SETTINGS POWER SWING DELAY 1 PICKUP: POWER SWING DELAY 1 RESET: tPKP tRST
S Q1 L1 R
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POWER SWING BLOCK FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING 50DD OR OR
S Q5
2-step
L5
R
3-step
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING TMR3 PKP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING INCOMING SETTING POWER SWING TRIP MODE: SETTING Early 0 S Q4 L4 R POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY: 0 tRST AND Delayed AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND POWER SWING TRIP
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PATH: SETTINGS
GROUPED ELEMENTS
LOAD ENCROACHMENT
LOAD ENCROACHMENT FUNCTION: Disabled LOAD ENCROACHMENT SOURCE: SRC 1 LOAD ENCROACHMENT MIN VOLT: 0.250 pu LOAD ENCROACHMENT REACH: 1.00 LOAD ENCROACHMENT ANGLE: 30 LOAD ENCROACHMENT PKP DELAY: 0.000 s LOAD ENCROACHMENT RST DELAY: 0.000 s LOAD ENCRMNT BLK: Off LOAD ENCROACHMENT TARGET: Self-reset LOAD ENCROACHMENT EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 5 to 50 in steps of 1
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The load encroachment element responds to the positive-sequence voltage and current and applies a characteristic shown in the figure below.
REACH
REACH
ANGLE
ANGLE
R
LOAD ENCROACHMENT OPERATE
827846A1.CDR
Figure 582: LOAD ENCROACHMENT CHARACTERISTIC The element operates if the positive-sequence voltage is above a settable level and asserts its output signal that can be used to block selected protection elements such as distance or phase overcurrent. The following figure shows an effect of the load encroachment characteristics used to block the quadrilateral distance element.
5-154
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
837731A1.CDR
Figure 583: LOAD ENCROACHMENT APPLIED TO DISTANCE ELEMENT LOAD ENCROACHMENT MIN VOLT: This setting specifies the minimum positive-sequence voltage required for operation of the element. If the voltage is below this threshold a blocking signal will not be asserted by the element. When selecting this setting one must remember that the D60 measures the phase-to-ground sequence voltages regardless of the VT connection.
VT SECONDARY
The nominal VT secondary voltage as specified with the SYSTEM SETUP setting is the per-unit base for this setting.
AC INPUTS
VOLTAGE BANK X5
PHASE
LOAD ENCROACHMENT REACH: This setting specifies the resistive reach of the element as shown in the Load encroachment characteristic diagram. This setting should be entered in secondary ohms and be calculated as the positive-sequence resistance seen by the relay under maximum load conditions and unity power factor. LOAD ENCROACHMENT ANGLE: This setting specifies the size of the blocking region as shown on the Load encroachment characteristic diagram and applies to the positive-sequence impedance.
SETTING LOAD ENCROACHMENT FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING LOAD ENCRMNT BLK: Off=0 SETTING LOAD ENCROACHMENT SOURCE: Pos Seq Voltage (V_1) Pos Seq Current (I_1)
827847A2.CDR
SETTINGS LOAD ENCROACHMENT REACH: LOAD ENCROACHMENT ANGLE: AND SETTING LOAD ENCROACHMENT MIN VOLT: V_1 > Pickup Load Encroachment Characteristic RUN
SETTINGS LOAD ENCROACHMENT PKP DELAY: LOAD ENCROACHMENT RST DELAY: t PKP t RST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS LOAD ENCHR PKP LOAD ENCHR DPO LOAD ENCHR OP
GE Multilin
5-155
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) PHASE CURRENT
PHASE CURRENT
PHASE TOC1 PHASE TOC2 PHASE IOC1 PHASE IOC2 PHASE DIRECTIONAL 1 PHASE DIRECTIONAL 2
See page 5161. See page 5161. See page 5163. See page 5163. See page 5165. See page 5165.
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b) INVERSE TIME OVERCURRENT CHARACTERISTICS The inverse time overcurrent curves used by the time overcurrent elements are the IEEE, IEC, GE Type IAC, and I2t standard curve shapes. This allows for simplified coordination with downstream devices.
If none of these curve shapes is adequate, FlexCurves may be used to customize the inverse time curve characteristics. The definite time curve is also an option that may be appropriate if only simple protection is required. Table 513: OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES
IEEE IEEE Extremely Inverse IEEE Very Inverse IEEE Moderately Inverse IEC IEC Curve A (BS142) IEC Curve B (BS142) IEC Curve C (BS142) IEC Short Inverse GE TYPE IAC IAC Extremely Inverse IAC Very Inverse IAC Inverse IAC Short Inverse OTHER I2t FlexCurves A, B, C, and D Recloser Curves Definite Time
A time dial multiplier setting allows selection of a multiple of the base curve shape (where the time dial multiplier = 1) with the curve shape (CURVE) setting. Unlike the electromechanical time dial equivalent, operate times are directly proportional to the time multiplier (TD MULTIPLIER) setting value. For example, all times for a multiplier of 10 are 10 times the multiplier 1 or base curve values. Setting the multiplier to zero results in an instantaneous response to all current levels above pickup. Time overcurrent time calculations are made with an internal energy capacity memory variable. When this variable indicates that the energy capacity has reached 100%, a time overcurrent element will operate. If less than 100% energy capacity is accumulated in this variable and the current falls below the dropout threshold of 97 to 98% of the pickup value, the variable must be reduced. Two methods of this resetting operation are available: Instantaneous and Timed. The Instantaneous selection is intended for applications with other relays, such as most static relays, which set the energy capacity directly to zero when the current falls below the reset threshold. The Timed selection can be used where the relay must coordinate with electromechanical relays.
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GE Multilin
The IEEE time overcurrent curve shapes conform to industry standards and the IEEE C37.112-1996 curve classifications for extremely, very, and moderately inverse. The IEEE curves are derived from the formulae: A tr --------------------------------- + B ----------------------------------2 I T = TDM --------------- p 1 , T RESET = TDM I 1 --------------- I pickup I pickup where:
(EQ 5.7)
T = operate time (in seconds), TDM = Multiplier setting, I = input current, Ipickup = Pickup Current setting A, B, p = constants, TRESET = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET is Timed), tr = characteristic constant
IEEE EXTREMELY INVERSE 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
For European applications, the relay offers three standard curves defined in IEC 255-4 and British standard BS142. These are defined as IEC Curve A, IEC Curve B, and IEC Curve C. The formulae for these curves are:
K tr --------------------------------------------------------------------------2 T = TDM ( I I pickup ) E 1 , T RESET = TDM 1 ( I I pickup ) (EQ 5.8)
where:
T = operate time (in seconds), TDM = Multiplier setting, I = input current, Ipickup = Pickup Current setting, K, E = constants, tr = characteristic constant, and TRESET = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET is Timed)
0.05 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 IEC CURVE B 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 IEC CURVE C 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS IAC CURVES: The curves for the General Electric type IAC relay family are derived from the formulae:
D E B tr - T = TDM A + ----------------------------- + ------------------------------------- + ------------------------------------- , T RESET = TDM ------------------------------2 3 ( I I pkp ) C ( ( I I pkp ) C ) 2 ( ( I I pkp ) C ) 1 ( I I pkp ) where:
(EQ 5.9)
T = operate time (in seconds), TDM = Multiplier setting, I = Input current, Ipkp = Pickup Current setting, A to E = constants, tr = characteristic constant, and TRESET = reset time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET is Timed)
CURRENT ( I / Ipickup) 1.5 1.699 3.398 6.796 13.591 20.387 27.183 33.979 1.451 2.901 5.802 11.605 17.407 23.209 29.012 0.578 1.155 2.310 4.621 6.931 9.242 11.552 0.072 0.143 0.286 0.573 0.859 1.145 1.431 2.0 0.749 1.498 2.997 5.993 8.990 11.987 14.983 0.656 1.312 2.624 5.248 7.872 10.497 13.121 0.375 0.749 1.499 2.997 4.496 5.995 7.494 0.047 0.095 0.190 0.379 0.569 0.759 0.948 3.0 0.303 0.606 1.212 2.423 3.635 4.846 6.058 0.269 0.537 1.075 2.150 3.225 4.299 5.374 0.266 0.532 1.064 2.128 3.192 4.256 5.320 0.035 0.070 0.140 0.279 0.419 0.559 0.699 4.0 0.178 0.356 0.711 1.422 2.133 2.844 3.555 0.172 0.343 0.687 1.374 2.061 2.747 3.434 0.221 0.443 0.885 1.770 2.656 3.541 4.426 0.031 0.061 0.123 0.245 0.368 0.490 0.613 5.0 0.123 0.246 0.491 0.983 1.474 1.966 2.457 0.133 0.266 0.533 1.065 1.598 2.131 2.663 0.196 0.392 0.784 1.569 2.353 3.138 3.922 0.028 0.057 0.114 0.228 0.341 0.455 0.569 6.0 0.093 0.186 0.372 0.744 1.115 1.487 1.859 0.113 0.227 0.453 0.906 1.359 1.813 2.266 0.180 0.360 0.719 1.439 2.158 2.878 3.597 0.027 0.054 0.108 0.217 0.325 0.434 0.542 7.0 0.074 0.149 0.298 0.595 0.893 1.191 1.488 0.101 0.202 0.405 0.810 1.215 1.620 2.025 0.168 0.337 0.674 1.348 2.022 2.695 3.369 0.026 0.052 0.105 0.210 0.314 0.419 0.524 8.0 0.062 0.124 0.248 0.495 0.743 0.991 1.239 0.093 0.186 0.372 0.745 1.117 1.490 1.862 0.160 0.320 0.640 1.280 1.921 2.561 3.201 0.026 0.051 0.102 0.204 0.307 0.409 0.511 9.0 0.053 0.106 0.212 0.424 0.636 0.848 1.060 0.087 0.174 0.349 0.698 1.046 1.395 1.744 0.154 0.307 0.614 1.229 1.843 2.457 3.072 0.025 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.301 0.401 0.501 10.0 0.046 0.093 0.185 0.370 0.556 0.741 0.926 0.083 0.165 0.331 0.662 0.992 1.323 1.654 0.148 0.297 0.594 1.188 1.781 2.375 2.969 0.025 0.049 0.099 0.197 0.296 0.394 0.493
IAC EXTREMELY INVERSE 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 IAC INVERSE 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
GE Multilin
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5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS I2t CURVES: The curves for the I2t are derived from the formulae: 100 100 ---------------------------------------------------I I T = TDM --------------- 2 , T RESET = TDM --------------- 2 I pickup I pickup where:
5 SETTINGS
(EQ 5.10)
T = Operate Time (sec.); TDM = Multiplier Setting; I = Input Current; Ipickup = Pickup Current Setting; TRESET = Reset Time in sec. (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
FLEXCURVES: The custom FlexCurves are described in detail in the FlexCurves section of this chapter. The curve shapes for the FlexCurves are derived from the formulae:
(EQ 5.11)
(EQ 5.12)
T = Operate Time (sec.), TDM = Multiplier setting I = Input Current, Ipickup = Pickup Current setting TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
DEFINITE TIME CURVE: The Definite Time curve shape operates as soon as the pickup level is exceeded for a specified period of time. The base definite time curve delay is in seconds. The curve multiplier of 0.00 to 600.00 makes this delay adjustable from instantaneous to 600.00 seconds in steps of 10 ms. T = TDM in seconds, when I > I pickup T RESET = TDM in seconds where: T = Operate Time (sec.), TDM = Multiplier setting I = Input Current, Ipickup = Pickup Current setting TRESET = Reset Time in seconds (assuming energy capacity is 100% and RESET: Timed)
(EQ 5.13) (EQ 5.14)
RECLOSER CURVES: The D60 uses the FlexCurve feature to facilitate programming of 41 recloser curves. Please refer to the FlexCurve section in this chapter for additional details.
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GE Multilin
PHASE TOC1(2)
PHASE TOC1
PHASE TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE TOC1 INPUT: Phasor PHASE TOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu PHASE TOC1 CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv PHASE TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
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PHASE TOC1 RESET: Instantaneous PHASE TOC1 VOLTAGE RESTRAINT: Disabled PHASE TOC1 BLOCK A: Off PHASE TOC1 BLOCK B: Off PHASE TOC1 BLOCK C: Off PHASE TOC1 TARGET: Self-reset PHASE TOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The phase time overcurrent element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or be used as a simple definite time element. The phase current input quantities may be programmed as fundamental phasor magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the application. Two methods of resetting operation are available: Timed and Instantaneous (refer to the Inverse Time overcurrent curves characteristic sub-section earlier for details on curve setup, trip times, and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to Instantaneous and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately. The PHASE TOC1 PICKUP setting can be dynamically reduced by a voltage restraint feature (when enabled). This is accomplished via the multipliers (Mvr) corresponding to the phase-phase voltages of the voltage restraint characteristic curve (see the figure below); the pickup level is calculated as Mvr times the PHASE TOC1 PICKUP setting. If the voltage restraint feature is disabled, the pickup level always remains at the setting value.
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
SETTING PHASE TOC1 BLOCK-B: Off=0 SETTING PHASE TOC1 BLOCK-C: Off=0 SETTING PHASE TOC1 SOURCE: IA IB IC Seq=ABC Seq=ACB
RUN
SETTING PHASE TOC1 INPUT: PHASE TOC1 PICKUP: PHASE TOC1 CURVE: PHASE TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: PHASE TOC1 RESET:
AND
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND PHASE TOC1 A PKP PHASE TOC1 A DPO PHASE TOC1 A OP PHASE TOC1 B PKP PHASE TOC1 B DPO PHASE TOC1 B OP PHASE TOC1 C PKP PHASE TOC1 C DPO PHASE TOC1 C OP
OR OR
IA
PICKUP t
MULTIPLY INPUTS Set Pickup Multiplier-Phase A Set Pickup Multiplier-Phase B Set Pickup Multiplier-Phase C
AND
RUN
RUN
IB
PICKUP t
RUN
AND
RUN
IC
PICKUP t
AND
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GE Multilin
PHASE IOC1
PHASE IOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE IOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu PHASE IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.00 s PHASE IOC1 RESET DELAY: 0.00 s PHASE IOC1 BLOCK A: Off PHASE IOC1 BLOCK B: Off PHASE IOC1 BLOCK C: Off PHASE IOC1 TARGET: Self-reset PHASE IOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The phase instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a definite time element. The input current is the fundamental phasor magnitude. The phase instantaneous overcurrent timing curves are shown below for form-A contacts in a 60 Hz system.
GE Multilin
5-163
5 SETTINGS
35
30
25
Milliseconds
20
15 Maximum 10 Minimum
5
SETTING PHASE IOC1 FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 Disabled = 0 SETTING PHASE IOC1 SOURCE: IA IB IC SETTING PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-A: Off = 0 SETTING PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-B: Off = 0 SETTING PHASE IOC1 BLOCK-C: Off = 0
1.05
1.1
1.2
1.5
2 Multiple of pickup
10
15
20
843807A1.CDR
AND
SETTINGS PHASE IOC1 PICKUPDELAY: PHASE IOC1 RESET DELAY: tPKP tRST tPKP tRST tPKP tRST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PHASE IOC1 A PKP PHASE IOC1 A DPO PHASE IOC1 B PKP PHASE IOC1 B DPO PHASE IOC1 C PKP PHASE IOC1 C DPO PHASE IOC1 A OP PHASE IOC1 B OP PHASE IOC1 C OP OR OR AND PHASE IOC1 PKP PHASE IOC1 OP PHASE IOC1 DPO
AND
RUN IB PICKUP
AND
RUN IC PICKUP
827033A6.VSD
5-164
GE Multilin
PHASE DIRECTIONAL 1
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PHASE DIR 1 FUNCTION: Disabled PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK: Off PHASE DIR 1 ECA: 30 PHASE DIR POL V1 THRESHOLD: 0.700 pu PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP: No PHASE DIR 1 TARGET: Self-reset PHASE DIR 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The phase directional elements (one for each of phases A, B, and C) determine the phase current flow direction for steady state and fault conditions and can be used to control the operation of the phase overcurrent elements via the BLOCK inputs of these elements.
S UT TP OU
90
VAG (Unfaulted)
VAG(Faulted)
IA
Phasors for Phase A Polarization: VPol = VBC (1/_ECA) = polarizing voltage IA = operating current ECA = Element Characteristic Angle at 30
827800A2.CDR
Figure 589: PHASE A DIRECTIONAL POLARIZATION This element is intended to apply a block signal to an overcurrent element to prevent an operation when current is flowing in a particular direction. The direction of current flow is determined by measuring the phase angle between the current from the phase CTs and the line-line voltage from the VTs, based on the 90 or quadrature connection. If there is a requirement to supervise overcurrent elements for flows in opposite directions, such as can happen through a bus-tie breaker, two phase directional elements should be programmed with opposite element characteristic angle (ECA) settings.
GE Multilin
5-165
5 SETTINGS
To increase security for three phase faults very close to the VTs used to measure the polarizing voltage, a voltage memory feature is incorporated. This feature stores the polarizing voltage the moment before the voltage collapses, and uses it to determine direction. The voltage memory remains valid for one second after the voltage has collapsed. The main component of the phase directional element is the phase angle comparator with two inputs: the operating signal (phase current) and the polarizing signal (the line voltage, shifted in the leading direction by the characteristic angle, ECA). The following table shows the operating and polarizing signals used for phase directional control:
PHASE A B C OPERATING SIGNAL angle of IA angle of IB angle of IC POLARIZING SIGNAL Vpol ABC PHASE SEQUENCE angle of VBC (1ECA) angle of VCA (1ECA) angle of VAB (1ECA) ACB PHASE SEQUENCE angle of VCB (1ECA) angle of VAC 1ECA) angle of VBA (1ECA)
MODE OF OPERATION: When the function is Disabled, or the operating current is below 5% CT nominal, the element output is 0. When the function is Enabled, the operating current is above 5% CT nominal, and the polarizing voltage is above the PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES VOLTAGE CUT-OFF LEVEL value, the element output is dependent on the phase angle between the operating and polarizing signals: The element output is logic 0 when the operating current is within polarizing voltage 90. For all other angles, the element output is logic 1. Once the voltage memory has expired, the phase overcurrent elements under directional control can be set to block or trip on overcurrent as follows: When BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP is set to Yes, the directional element will block the operation of any phase overcurrent element under directional control when voltage memory expires. When BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP is set to No, the directional element allows tripping of phase overcurrent elements under directional control when voltage memory expires. In all cases, directional blocking will be permitted to resume when the polarizing voltage becomes greater than the polarizing voltage threshold. SETTINGS: PHASE DIR 1 SIGNAL SOURCE: This setting is used to select the source for the operating and polarizing signals. The operating current for the phase directional element is the phase current for the selected current source. The polarizing voltage is the line voltage from the phase VTs, based on the 90 or quadrature connection and shifted in the leading direction by the element characteristic angle (ECA). PHASE DIR 1 ECA: This setting is used to select the element characteristic angle, i.e. the angle by which the polarizing voltage is shifted in the leading direction to achieve dependable operation. In the design of the UR-series elements, a block is applied to an element by asserting logic 1 at the blocking input. This element should be programmed via the ECA setting so that the output is logic 1 for current in the non-tripping direction. PHASE DIR 1 POL V THRESHOLD: This setting is used to establish the minimum level of voltage for which the phase angle measurement is reliable. The setting is based on VT accuracy. The default value is 0.700 pu. PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK WHEN V MEM EXP: This setting is used to select the required operation upon expiration of voltage memory. When set to "Yes", the directional element blocks the operation of any phase overcurrent element under directional control, when voltage memory expires; when set to "No", the directional element allows tripping of phase overcurrent elements under directional control. The phase directional element responds to the forward load current. In the case of a following reverse fault, the element needs some time in the order of 8 ms to establish a blocking signal. Some protection elements such as instantaneous overcurrent may respond to reverse faults before the blocking signal is established. Therefore, a coordination time of at least 10 ms must be added to all the instantaneous protection elements under the supervision of the phase directional element. If current reversal is of a concern, a longer delay in the order of 20 ms may be needed.
NOTE
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
SETTING PHASE DIR 1 FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING PHASE DIR 1 BLOCK: Off=0 SETTING PHASE DIR 1 SOURCE: IA Seq=ABC VBC Seq=ACB VCB SETTING PHASE DIR 1 POL V THRESHOLD: -Use V when V Min -Use V memory when V < Min V MINIMUM OR MEMORY TIMER 1 cycle 1 sec AND I 0.05 pu AND
AND
PH DIR1 BLK
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PH DIR1 BLK A
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
PH DIR1 BLK B
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
NEUTRAL CURRENT
NEUTRAL TOC1 NEUTRAL TOC2 NEUTRAL IOC1 NEUTRAL IOC2 NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL 1 NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL 2
See page 5168. See page 5168. See page 5169. See page 5169. See page 5170. See page 5170.
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5 SETTINGS
NEUTRAL TOC1
NEUTRAL TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEUTRAL TOC1 INPUT: Phasor NEUTRAL TOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu NEUTRAL TOC1 CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv NEUTRAL TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
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NEUTRAL TOC1 RESET: Instantaneous NEUTRAL TOC1 BLOCK: Off NEUTRAL TOC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEUTRAL TOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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5
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The neutral time overcurrent element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or be used as a simple definite time element. The neutral current input value is a quantity calculated as 3Io from the phase currents and may be programmed as fundamental phasor magnitude or total waveform RMS magnitude as required by the application. Two methods of resetting operation are available: Timed and Instantaneous (refer to the Inverse time overcurrent curve characteristics section for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to Instantaneous and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.
SETTINGS NEUTRAL TOC1 INPUT: NEUTRAL TOC1 PICKUP: NEUTRAL TOC1 CURVE: NEUTRAL TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: NEUTRAL TOC 1 RESET: IN PICKUP RUN
t I
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS NEUTRAL TOC1 PKP NEUTRAL TOC1 DPO NEUTRAL TOC1 OP
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GE Multilin
NEUTRAL IOC1(2)
NEUTRAL IOC1
NEUTRAL IOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.00 s NEUTRAL IOC1 RESET DELAY: 0.00 s NEUTRAL IOC1 BLOCK: Off NEUTRAL IOC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEUTRAL IOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The neutral instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional delay or as a definite time function. The element essentially responds to the magnitude of a neutral current fundamental frequency phasor calculated from the phase currents. A positive-sequence restraint is applied for better performance. A small portion (6.25%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the zero-sequence current magnitude when forming the operating quantity of the element as follows: I op = 3 ( I_0 K I_1 ) where K = 1 16
(EQ 5.15)
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents resulting from: System unbalances under heavy load conditions Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults. Switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults.
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of pickup). The operating quantity depends on how test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection: I op = 0.9375 I injected ; three-phase pure zero-sequence injection: I op = 3 I injected ).
SETTING
NEUTRAL IOC1 FUNCTION:
SETTINGS SETTING
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP:
NEUTRAL IOC1 PICKUP DELAY : NEUTRAL IOC1 RESET DELAY : tPKP tRST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS NEUTRAL IOC1 PKP NEUTRAL IOC1 DPO NEUTRAL IOC1 OP
AND
Off=0 SETTING
NEUTRAL IOC1 SOURCE:
I_0
827035A4.CDR
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FUNCTION: Disabled NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE: SRC 1 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING: Voltage NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT: Calculated V0 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: Calculated 3I0 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POSSEQ RESTRAINT: 0.063 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OFFSET: 0.00 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD ECA: 75 Lag NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: 90 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: 0.050 pu NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: 90 NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: 0.050 pu NEUTRAL DIR OC1 BLK: Off NEUTRAL DIR OC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEUTRAL DIR OC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 90 to 90 in steps of 1
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Range: 40 to 90 in steps of 1
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The neutral directional overcurrent element provides both forward and reverse fault direction indications the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD and NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV operands, respectively. The output operand is asserted if the magnitude of the operating current is above a pickup level (overcurrent unit) and the fault direction is seen as forward or reverse, respectively (directional unit). The overcurrent unit responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of the either the neutral current calculated from the phase currents or the ground current. There are separate pickup settings for the forward-looking and reverse-looking functions. If set to use the calculated 3I_0, the element applies a positive-sequence restraint for better performance: a small user-programmable portion of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the zerosequence current magnitude when forming the operating quantity. I op = 3 ( I_0 K I_1 )
(EQ 5.16)
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious zero-sequence currents resulting from: System unbalances under heavy load conditions.
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5 SETTINGS
Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during double-line and three-phase faults. Switch-off transients during double-line and three-phase faults.
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection: Iop = (1 K) Iinjected ; three-phase pure zero-sequence injection: Iop = 3 Iinjected). The positive-sequence restraint is removed for low currents. If the positive-sequence current is below 0.8 pu, the restraint is removed by changing the constant K to zero. This facilitates better response to high-resistance faults when the unbalance is very small and there is no danger of excessive CT errors as the current is low. The directional unit uses the zero-sequence current (I_0) or ground current (IG) for fault direction discrimination and may be programmed to use either zero-sequence voltage (Calculated V0 or Measured VX), ground current (IG), or both for polarizing. The following tables define the neutral directional overcurrent element. Table 521: QUANTITIES FOR "CALCULATED 3I0" CONFIGURATION
DIRECTIONAL UNIT POLARIZING MODE Voltage Current DIRECTION Forward Reverse Forward Reverse Forward Dual Reverse IG IG V_0 + Z_offset I_0 or I_0 COMPARED PHASORS V_0 + Z_offset I_0 V_0 + Z_offset I_0 IG IG V_0 + Z_offset I_0 or I_0 I_0 1ECA I_0 1ECA I_0 1ECA I_0 I_0 I_0 1ECA Iop = 3 (|I_0| K |I_1|) if |I1| > 0.8 pu Iop = 3 (|I_0|) if |I1| 0.8 pu OVERCURRENT UNIT
where:
1 V_0 = -- ( VAG + VBG + VCG ) = zero sequence voltage , 3 1 1 I_0 = -- IN = -- ( IA + IB + IC ) = zero sequence current , 3 3 ECA = element characteristic angle and IG = ground current
When NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT is set to Measured VX, one-third of this voltage is used in place of V_0. The following figure explains the usage of the voltage polarized directional unit of the element. The figure below shows the voltage-polarized phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase A to ground fault, with: ECA = 90 (element characteristic angle = centerline of operating characteristic) FWD LA = 80 (forward limit angle = the angular limit with the ECA for operation) REV LA = 80 (reverse limit angle = the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic: if the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system cycle, the prospective forward indication will be delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emulate an electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals will result in faster directional discrimination bringing more security to the element operation.
GE Multilin
5-171
5 SETTINGS
The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure as compared to the reverse-looking function, and therefore, should be used for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forwardlooking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. The above bias should be taken into account when using the neutral directional overcurrent element to directionalize other protection elements.
REV LA line
FWD LA line
LA ECA
LA 3I_0 line
LA
5
REV LA line 3V_0 line FWD LA line
VBG
827805A1.CDR
Figure 593: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL VOLTAGE-POLARIZED CHARACTERISTICS NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING: This setting selects the polarizing mode for the directional unit. If Voltage polarizing is selected, the element uses the zero-sequence voltage angle for polarization. The user can use either the zero-sequence voltage V_0 calculated from the phase voltages, or the zero-sequence voltage supplied externally as the auxiliary voltage V_X, both from the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE. The calculated V_0 can be used as polarizing voltage only if the voltage transformers are connected in Wye. The auxiliary voltage can be used as the polarizing voltage provided SYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION is set to Vn and the auxiliary voltage is connected to a zero-sequence voltage source (such as open delta connected secondary of VTs). The zero-sequence (V_0) or auxiliary voltage (V_X), accordingly, must be greater than 0.02 pu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is invalid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given. If Current polarizing is selected, the element uses the ground current angle connected externally and configured under NEUTRAL OC1 SOURCE for polarization. The ground CT must be connected between the ground and neutral point of an adequate local source of ground current. The ground current must be greater than 0.05 pu to be validated as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not valid, neither forward nor reverse indication is given. In DISPLAY PROPERTIES addition, the zero-sequence current (I_0) must be greater than the PRODUCT SETUP CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value. For a choice of current polarizing, it is recommended that the polarizing signal be analyzed to ensure that a known direction is maintained irrespective of the fault location. For example, if using an autotransformer neutral current as a polarizing source, it should be ensured that a reversal of the ground current does not occur for a high-side fault. The low-side system impedance should be assumed minimal when checking for this condition. A similar situation arises for a wye/delta/wye transformer, where current in one transformer winding neutral may reverse when faults on both sides of the transformer are considered.
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
If Dual polarizing is selected, the element performs both directional comparisons as described above. A given direction is confirmed if either voltage or current comparators indicate so. If a conflicting (simultaneous forward and reverse) indication occurs, the forward direction overrides the reverse direction.
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT: Selects the polarizing voltage used by the directional unit when "Voltage" or "Dual" polarizing mode is set. The polarizing voltage can be programmed to be either the zero-sequence voltage calculated from the phase voltages ("Calculated V0") or supplied externally as an auxiliary voltage ("Measured VX"). NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: This setting indicates whether the 3I_0 current calculated from the phase currents, or the ground current shall be used by this protection. This setting acts as a switch between the neutral and ground modes of operation (67N and 67G). If set to Calculated 3I0 the element uses the phase currents and applies the positive-sequence restraint; if set to Measured IG the element uses ground current supplied to the ground CT of the CT bank configured as NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE. If this setting is Measured IG, then the NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING setting must be Voltage, as it is not possible to use the ground current as an operating and polarizing signal simultaneously. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POS-SEQ RESTRAINT: This setting controls the amount of the positive-sequence restraint. Set to 0.063 for backward compatibility with firmware revision 3.40 and older. Set to zero to remove the restraint. Set higher if large system unbalances or poor CT performance are expected. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OFFSET: This setting specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary application for the offset impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines. In regular applications, the offset impedance ensures proper operation even if the zero-sequence voltage at the relaying point is very small. If this is the intent, the offset impedance shall not be larger than the zero-sequence impedance of the protected circuit. Practically, it shall be several times smaller. The offset impedance shall be entered in secondary ohms. See chapter 8 for additional details and chapter 9 for information on how to calculate this setting
NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD ECA: This setting defines the characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction in the "Voltage" polarizing mode. The "Current" polarizing mode uses a fixed ECA of 0. The ECA in the reverse direction is the angle set for the forward direction shifted by 180. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the forward direction. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the forward direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique for the Calculated 3I0 mode of operation. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the reverse direction. NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit of the element in the reverse direction. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique for the Calculated 3I0 mode of operation.
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 BLK: Off=0 SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 SOURCE: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POL VOLT: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: Measured VX Calculated V_0 Zero Seq Crt (I_0) Ground Crt (IG) NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POSSEQ RESTRAINT: RUN 3( I_0 - K I_1 ) PICKUP OR IG PICKUP
AND
AND AND
SETTINGS NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD ECA: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OFFSET: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND AND NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD
}
IG 0.05 pu AND
FWD
}
OR OR
FWD REV
Voltage Polarization SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POLARIZING: RUN FWD Current Polarization REV OR
NOTE: 1) CURRENT POLARIZING IS POSSIBLE ONLY IN RELAYS WITH THE GROUND CURRENT INPUTS CONNECTED TO AN ADEQUATE CURRENT POLARIZING SOURCE 2) GROUND CURRENT CAN NOT BE USED FOR POLARIZATION AND OPERATION SIMULTANEOUSLY 3) POSITIVE SEQUENCE RESTRAINT IS NOT APPLIED WHEN I_1 IS BELOW 0.8pu
SETTING NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 OP CURR: NEUTRAL DIR OC1 POSSEQ RESTRAINT: RUN 3( I_0 - K I_1 ) PICKUP OR IG PICKUP 827077AB.CDR
AND
5-174
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 FUNCTION: Disabled WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 SOURCE: SRC 1 WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 VOLT: Calculated VN WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OV PKP: 0.20 pu WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURR: Calculated IN WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP: 0.060 pu WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP DEL: 0.20 s WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP: 0.100 pu WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 REF PWR: 0.500 pu WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 ECA: 0 Lag WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL: 0.20 s WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE: Definite Time WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 MULTIPLIER: 1.00 s WATT GND FLT 1 BLK: Off WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 TARGET: Self-reset WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The wattmetric zero-sequence directional element responds to power derived from zero-sequence voltage and current in a direction specified by the element characteristic angle. The angle can be set within all four quadrants and the power can be active or reactive. Therefore, the element may be used to sense either forward or reverse ground faults in either inductive, capacitive or resistive networks. The inverse time characteristic allows time coordination of elements across the network. Typical applications include ground fault protection in solidly grounded transmission networks, grounded/ungrounded/resistor-grounded/resonant-grounded distribution networks, or for directionalizing other non-directional ground elements. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 VOLT: The element uses neutral voltage (that is, three times the zero-sequence voltage). This setting allows selecting between the internally calculated neutral voltage, or externally supplied voltage (broken delta VT connected to the auxiliary channel bank of the relay). When the latter selection is made, the auxiliary channel must be identified by the user as a neutral voltage under the VT bank settings. This element will operate only if the auxiliary voltage is configured as neutral.
GE Multilin
5-175
5 SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OV PKP: This setting specifies the minimum zero sequence voltage supervising the directional power measurement. This threshold should be higher than possible unbalance during normal operation of the system. Typically, this setting would be selected at 0.1 to 0.2 pu for the ungrounded or resonant grounded systems, and at 0.05 to 0.1 pu for solidly or resistor-grounded systems. When using externally supplied voltage via the auxiliary voltage channel, 1 pu is the nominal voltage of this channel as per VT bank settings. When using internally calculated neutral voltage, 1 pu is the nominal phase to ground voltage as per the VT bank settings. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURR: The element responds to the neutral current (that is, three times zero-sequence current), either calculated internally from the phase currents or supplied externally via the ground CT input from more accurate sources such as the core balanced CT. This setting allows selecting the source of the operating current. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP: This setting specifies the current supervision level for the measurement of the zero-sequence power. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP DEL: This setting specifies delay for the overcurrent portion of this element. The delay applies to the WATTMETRIC 1 PKP operand driven from the overcurrent condition. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP: This setting specifies the operating point of the element. A value of 1 pu is a product of the 1 pu voltage as specified for the overvoltage condition of this element, and 1 pu current as specified for the overcurrent condition of this element. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 REF PWR: This setting is used to calculate the inverse time characteristic delay (defined by Sref in the following equations). A value of 1 pu represents the product of a 1 pu voltage (as specified in the overvoltage condition for this element) and a 1 pu current (as specified in the overcurrent condition for this element. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 ECA: This setting adjusts the maximum torque angle of the element. The operating power is calculated as: S_op = Re ( V n ( I n 1 ECA ) )
(EQ 5.17)
where * indicates complex conjugate. By varying the element characteristic angle (ECA), the element can be made to respond to forward or reverse direction in inductive, resistive, or capacitive networks as shown in the Wattmetric characteristic angle response diagram. WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL: This setting defines a definite time delay before the inverse time characteristic is activated. If the curve selection is set as Definite Time, the element would operate after this security time delay. If the curve selection is Inverse or one of the FlexCurves, the element uses both the definite and inverse time timers simultaneously. The definite time timer, specified by this setting, is used and when expires it releases the inverse time timer for operation (torque control). WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE: This setting allows choosing one of three methods to delay operate signal once all conditions are met to discriminate fault direction. The Definite Time selection allows for a fixed time delay defined by the WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL setting. The Inverse selection allows for inverse time characteristics delay defined by the following formula: S ref t = m --------S op
(EQ 5.18)
where m is a multiplier defined by the multiplier setting, Sref is the multiplier setting, and Sop is the operating power at the time. This timer starts after the definite time timer expires. The four FlexCurves allow for custom user-programmable time characteristics. When working with FlexCurves, the element uses the operate to pickup ratio, and the multiplier setting is not applied: S op t = FlexCurve --------- S ref Again, the FlexCurve timer starts after the definite time timer expires.
(EQ 5.19)
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5 SETTINGS
INDUCTIVE NETWORK
Vn
Vn
In
In
RESISTIVE NETWORK
ECA = 180
ECA = 0
Vn In In
Vn
In
CAPACITIIVE NETWORK
In
5
Vn Vn
ECA = 90 to 180
Figure 595: WATTMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC ANGLE RESPONSE WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 MULTIPLIER: This setting is applicable if WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE above is selected to Inverse and defines the multiplier factor for the inverse time delay.
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 SOURCE: WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURRENT: Calculated: Measured: Neutral, In Ground, Ig WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 VOLTAGE: Calculated: Measured: Neutral, Vn Auxiliary, Vx
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PICKUP:
SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 ECA: S = V*conj (I*exp(-j*ECA))
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE: WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 REF PWR: WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 MULTIPLIER:
SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 1 PWR PKP DEL:
AND
tPKP
RUN 0
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 WATT GND FLT 1 BLK: Off = 0
t = m
AND SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP DEL:
SREF SOP
AND
GE Multilin
5-177
GROUND TOC1
GROUND TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 GROUND TOC1 INPUT: Phasor GROUND TOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu GROUND TOC1 CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv GROUND TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00
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GROUND TOC1 RESET: Instantaneous GROUND TOC1 BLOCK: Off GROUND TOC1 TARGET: Self-reset GROUND TOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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This element can provide a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied current or be used as a simple definite time element. The ground current input value is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the fundamental phasor or RMS magnitude. Two methods of resetting operation are available: Timed and Instantaneous (refer to the Inverse time overcurrent curve characteristics section for details). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to Instantaneous and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately. These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. The conversion range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46 times the CT rating.
NOTE
This channel may be also equipped with a sensitive input. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is from 0.002 to 4.6 times the CT rating.
NOTE
AND
SETTINGS GROUND TOC1 INPUT: GROUND TOC1 PICKUP: GROUND TOC1 CURVE: GROUND TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: GROUND TOC 1 RESET: RUN IG PICKUP t I
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GROUND TOC1 PKP GROUND TOC1 DPO GROUND TOC1 OP
827036A3.VSD
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GROUND IOC1(2)
GROUND IOC1
GROUND IOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 GROUND IOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu GROUND IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.00 s GROUND IOC1 RESET DELAY: 0.00 s GROUND IOC1 BLOCK: Off GROUND IOC1 TARGET: Self-reset GROUND IOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The ground instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional delay or as a definite time element. The ground current input is the quantity measured by the ground input CT and is the fundamental phasor magnitude. These elements measure the current that is connected to the ground channel of a CT/VT module. The conversion range of a standard channel is from 0.02 to 46 times the CT rating.
NOTE
This channel may be equipped with a standard or sensitive input. The conversion range of a sensitive channel is from 0.002 to 4.6 times the CT rating.
NOTE
SETTING GROUND IOC1 FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING GROUND IOC1 SOURCE: IG SETTING GROUND IOC1 BLOCK: Off = 0
AND
SETTINGS GROUND IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: GROUND IOC1 RESET DELAY: tPKP tRST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GROUND IOC1 PKP GROUND IOIC DPO GROUND IOC1 OP
827037A4.VSD
GE Multilin
5-179
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT
NEG SEQ TOC1 NEG SEQ TOC2 NEG SEQ IOC1 NEG SEQ IOC2 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 NEG SEQ DIR OC2
See page 5181. See page 5181. See page 5182. See page 5182. See page 5183. See page 5183.
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The D60 relay provides two (2) negative-sequence time overcurrent elements, two (2) negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent elements, and two (2) negative-sequence directional overcurrent elements. For additional information on the negative sequence time overcurrent curves, refer to the Inverse Time Overcurrent Curves section earlier.
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GE Multilin
NEG SEQ TOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEG SEQ TOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu NEG SEQ TOC1 CURVE: IEEE Mod Inv NEG SEQ TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: 1.00 NEG SEQ TOC1 RESET: Instantaneous NEG SEQ TOC1 BLOCK: Off NEG SEQ TOC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEG SEQ TOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The negative-sequence time overcurrent element may be used to determine and clear unbalance in the system. The input for calculating negative-sequence current is the fundamental phasor value. Two methods of resetting operation are available; Timed and Instantaneous (refer to the Inverse Time Overcurrent Characteristics sub-section for details on curve setup, trip times and reset operation). When the element is blocked, the time accumulator will reset according to the reset characteristic. For example, if the element reset characteristic is set to Instantaneous and the element is blocked, the time accumulator will be cleared immediately.
SETTING
NEG SEQ TOC1 INPUT: NEG SEQ TOC1 PICKUP:
SETTING
NEG SEQ TOC1 FUNCTION: NEG SEQ TOC1 CURVE: NEG SEQ TOC1 TD MULTIPLIER: NEG SEQ TOC1 RESET:
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS NEG SEQ TOC1 PKP NEG SEQ TOC1 DPO NEG SEQ TOC1 OP
AND
RUN
Off=0 SETTING
NEG SEQ TOC1 SOURCE:
Neg Seq
827057A4.CDR
GE Multilin
5-181
5 SETTINGS
NEG SEQ IOC1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.00 s NEG SEQ IOC1 RESET DELAY: 0.00 s NEG SEQ IOC1 BLOCK: Off NEG SEQ IOC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEG SEQ IOC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent element may be used as an instantaneous function with no intentional delay or as a definite time function. The element responds to the negative-sequence current fundamental frequency phasor magnitude (calculated from the phase currents) and applies a positive-sequence restraint for better performance: a small portion (12.5%) of the positive-sequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative-sequence current magnitude when forming the operating quantity: I op = I_2 K I_1 where K = 1 8
(EQ 5.20)
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence currents resulting from: system unbalances under heavy load conditions transformation errors of current transformers (CTs) during three-phase faults fault inception and switch-off transients during three-phase faults
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pickup accuracy and response time (multiple of pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay (single-phase injection: I op = 0.2917 I injected ; three-phase injection, opposite rotation: I op = I injected ).
SETTING
NEG SEQ IOC1 FUNCTION:
SETTING SETTING
NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP:
NEG SEQ IOC1 PICKUP DELAY: NEG SEQ IOC1 RESET DELAY: tPKP PICKUP tRST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS NEG SEQ IOC1 PKP NEG SEQ IOC1 DPO NEG SEQ IOC1 OP
AND
Off=0 SETTING
NEG SEQ IOC1 SOURCE:
I_2
827058A5.CDR
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GE Multilin
NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FUNCTION: Disabled NEG SEQ DIR OC1 SOURCE: SRC 1 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 OFFSET: 0.00 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE: Neg Sequence NEG SEQ DIR OC1 POSSEQ RESTRAINT: 0.063 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD ECA: 75 Lag NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: 90 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: 0.050 pu NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: 90 NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: 0.050 pu NEG SEQ DIR OC1 BLK: Off NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TARGET: Self-reset NEG SEQ DIR OC1 EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 40 to 90 in steps of 1
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There are two negative-sequence directional overcurrent protection elements available. The element provides both forward and reverse fault direction indications through its output operands NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD and NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV, respectively. The output operand is asserted if the magnitude of the operating current is above a pickup level (overcurrent unit) and the fault direction is seen as forward or reverse, respectively (directional unit). The overcurrent unit of the element essentially responds to the magnitude of a fundamental frequency phasor of either the negative-sequence or zero-sequence current as per user selection. The zero-sequence current should not be mistaken with the neutral current (factor 3 difference). A positive-sequence restraint is applied for better performance: a small user-programmable portion of the positivesequence current magnitude is subtracted from the negative or zero-sequence current magnitude, respectively, when forming the element operating quantity. I op = I_2 K I_1 or I op = 3 I_0 K I_1
(EQ 5.21)
The positive-sequence restraint allows for more sensitive settings by counterbalancing spurious negative-sequence and zero-sequence currents resulting from: System unbalances under heavy load conditions. Transformation errors of current transformers (CTs). Fault inception and switch-off transients.
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
The positive-sequence restraint must be considered when testing for pick-up accuracy and response time (multiple of pickup). The operating quantity depends on the way the test currents are injected into the relay: Single-phase injection: Iop = 1/3 (1 K) Iinjected. Three-phase pure zero- or negative-sequence injection, respectively: Iop = Iinjected. The directional unit uses the negative-sequence current and voltage for fault direction discrimination.
The negative-sequence voltage must be greater than 0.02 pu to be validated for use as a polarizing signal. If the polarizing signal is not validated neither forward nor reverse indication is given. The following figure explains the usage of the voltage polarized directional unit of the element. The figure below shows the phase angle comparator characteristics for a phase A to ground fault, with settings of: ECA FWD LA REV LA = 75 (element characteristic angle = centerline of operating characteristic) = 80 (forward limit angle = the angular limit with the ECA for operation) = 80 (reverse limit angle = the angular limit with the ECA for operation)
The element incorporates a current reversal logic: if the reverse direction is indicated for at least 1.25 of a power system cycle, the prospective forward indication will be delayed by 1.5 of a power system cycle. The element is designed to emulate an electromechanical directional device. Larger operating and polarizing signals will result in faster directional discrimination bringing more security to the element operation.
I_2 line
ECA line
LA VCG VBG
V_2 line
REV LA
FWD LA
827806A2.CDR
Figure 5101: NEGATIVE-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC The forward-looking function is designed to be more secure as compared to the reverse-looking function, and therefore should be used for the tripping direction. The reverse-looking function is designed to be faster as compared to the forwardlooking function and should be used for the blocking direction. This allows for better protection coordination. The above
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
bias should be taken into account when using the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element to directionalize other protection elements. The negative-sequence directional pickup must be greater than the PRODUCT SETUP DISPLAY PROPERTIES CURRENT CUT-OFF LEVEL setting value. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 OFFSET: This setting specifies the offset impedance used by this protection. The primary application for the offset impedance is to guarantee correct identification of fault direction on series compensated lines (see the Application of settings chapter for information on how to calculate this setting). In regular applications, the offset impedance ensures proper operation even if the negative-sequence voltage at the relaying point is very small. If this is the intent, the offset impedance shall not be larger than the negative-sequence impedance of the protected circuit. Practically, it shall be several times smaller. The offset impedance shall be entered in secondary ohms. See the Theory of operation chapter for additional details. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE: This setting selects the operating mode for the overcurrent unit of the element. The choices are Neg Sequence and Zero Sequence. In some applications it is advantageous to use a directional negative-sequence overcurrent function instead of a directional zero-sequence overcurrent function as inter-circuit mutual effects are minimized. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 POS-SEQ RESTRAINT: This setting controls the positive-sequence restraint. Set to 0.063 (in Zero Sequence mode) or 0.125 (in Neg Sequence mode) for backward compatibility with revisions 3.40 and earlier. Set to zero to remove the restraint. Set higher if large system unbalances or poor CT performance are expected. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD ECA: This setting select the element characteristic angle (ECA) for the forward direction. The element characteristic angle in the reverse direction is the angle set for the forward direction shifted by 180. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the forward direction. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the forward direction. Upon NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE selection, this pickup threshold applies to zero- or negative-sequence current. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV LIMIT ANGLE: This setting defines a symmetrical (in both directions from the ECA) limit angle for the reverse direction. NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV PICKUP: This setting defines the pickup level for the overcurrent unit in the reverse direction. Upon NEG SEQ DIR OC1 TYPE selection, this pickup threshold applies to zero- or negative-sequence current. When selecting this setting it must be kept in mind that the design uses a positive-sequence restraint technique.
SETTINGS Forward Pickup Positive-Sequence Restraint
AND RUN
SETTINGS Forward ECA Forward Limit Angle Reverse Limit Angle Offset
RUN Forward AND
AND
Reverse
NOTE: V_2 is negative-sequence voltage I_2 is negative-sequence current I_0 is zero-sequence current
Voltage Polarization
SETTINGS Reverse Pickup Pos Seq Restraint SETTING Type = Neg Sequence = Zero Sequence
AND RUN AND
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PATH: SETTINGS
GROUPED ELEMENTS
BREAKER FAILURE
BREAKER FAILURE 1
BF1 FUNCTION: Disabled BF1 MODE: 3-Pole BF1 SOURCE: SRC 1 BF1 USE AMP SUPV: Yes BF1 USE SEAL-IN: Yes BF1 3-POLE INITIATE: Off BF1 BLOCK: Off BF1 PH AMP SUPV PICKUP: 1.050 pu BF1 N AMP SUPV PICKUP: 1.050 pu BF1 USE TIMER 1: Yes BF1 TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s BF1 USE TIMER 2: Yes BF1 TIMER 2 PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s BF1 USE TIMER 3: Yes BF1 TIMER 3 PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s BF1 BKR POS1 A/3P: Off BF1 BKR POS2 A/3P: Off BF1 BREAKER TEST ON: Off BF1 PH AMP HISET PICKUP: 1.050 pu BF1 N AMP HISET PICKUP: 1.050 pu BF1 PH AMP LOSET PICKUP: 1.050 pu
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Range: Yes, No
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Range: Yes, No
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Range: Yes, No
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Range: Yes, No
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Range: Yes, No
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS BF1 N AMP LOSET PICKUP: 1.050 pu BF1 LOSET TIME DELAY: 0.000 s BF1 TRIP DROPOUT DELAY: 0.000 s BF1 TARGET Self-Reset BF1 EVENTS Disabled BF1 PH A INITIATE: Off BF1 PH B INITIATE: Off BF1 PH C INITIATE: Off BF1 BKR POS1 B Off BF1 BKR POS1 C Off BF1 BKR POS2 B Off BF1 BKR POS2 C Off
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Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes. Range: FlexLogic operand Valid only for 1-Pole breaker failure schemes.
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In general, a breaker failure scheme determines that a breaker signaled to trip has not cleared a fault within a definite time, so further tripping action must be performed. Tripping from the breaker failure scheme should trip all breakers, both local and remote, that can supply current to the faulted zone. Usually operation of a breaker failure element will cause clearing of a larger section of the power system than the initial trip. Because breaker failure can result in tripping a large number of breakers and this affects system safety and stability, a very high level of security is required. Two schemes are provided: one for three-pole tripping only (identified by the name 3BF) and one for three pole plus single-pole operation (identified by the name 1BF). The philosophy used in these schemes is identical. The operation of a breaker failure element includes three stages: initiation, determination of a breaker failure condition, and output. INITIATION STAGE: A FlexLogic operand representing the protection trip signal initially sent to the breaker must be selected to initiate the scheme. The initiating signal should be sealed-in if primary fault detection can reset before the breaker failure timers have finished timing. The seal-in is supervised by current level, so it is reset when the fault is cleared. If desired, an incomplete sequence seal-in reset can be implemented by using the initiating operand to also initiate a FlexLogic timer, set longer than any breaker failure timer, whose output operand is selected to block the breaker failure scheme. For the D60 relay, the protection trip signal initially sent to the breaker is already programmed as a trip output. The protection trip signal does not include other breaker commands that are not indicative of a fault in the protected zone.
NOTE
Schemes can be initiated either directly or with current level supervision. It is particularly important in any application to decide if a current-supervised initiate is to be used. The use of a current-supervised initiate results in the breaker failure element not being initiated for a breaker that has very little or no current flowing through it, which may be the case for transformer faults. For those situations where it is required to maintain breaker fail coverage for fault levels below the BF1 PH AMP SUPV PICKUP or the BF1 N AMP SUPV PICKUP setting, a current supervised initiate should not be used. This feature should be utilized for those situations where coordinating margins may be reduced when high speed reclosing is used. Thus, if this choice is made, fault levels must always be above the supervision pickup levels for dependable operation of
GE Multilin
5-187
5 SETTINGS
the breaker fail scheme. This can also occur in breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations where the first breaker closes into a fault; the protection trips and attempts to initiate breaker failure for the second breaker, which is in the process of closing, but does not yet have current flowing through it. When the scheme is initiated, it immediately sends a trip signal to the breaker initially signaled to trip (this feature is usually described as re-trip). This reduces the possibility of widespread tripping that results from a declaration of a failed breaker. DETERMINATION OF A BREAKER FAILURE CONDITION: The schemes determine a breaker failure condition via three paths. Each of these paths is equipped with a time delay, after which a failed breaker is declared and trip signals are sent to all breakers required to clear the zone. The delayed paths are associated with breaker failure timers 1, 2, and 3, which are intended to have delays increasing with increasing timer numbers. These delayed paths are individually enabled to allow for maximum flexibility. Timer 1 logic (early path) is supervised by a fast-operating breaker auxiliary contact. If the breaker is still closed (as indicated by the auxiliary contact) and fault current is detected after the delay interval, an output is issued. Operation of the breaker auxiliary switch indicates that the breaker has mechanically operated. The continued presence of current indicates that the breaker has failed to interrupt the circuit. Timer 2 logic (main path) is not supervised by a breaker auxiliary contact. If fault current is detected after the delay interval, an output is issued. This path is intended to detect a breaker that opens mechanically but fails to interrupt fault current; the logic therefore does not use a breaker auxiliary contact. The timer 1 and 2 paths provide two levels of current supervision, high-set and low-set, that allow the supervision level to change from a current which flows before a breaker inserts an opening resistor into the faulted circuit to a lower level after resistor insertion. The high-set detector is enabled after timeout of timer 1 or 2, along with a timer that will enable the lowset detector after its delay interval. The delay interval between high-set and low-set is the expected breaker opening time. Both current detectors provide a fast operating time for currents at small multiples of the pickup value. The overcurrent detectors are required to operate after the breaker failure delay interval to eliminate the need for very fast resetting overcurrent detectors. Timer 3 logic (slow path) is supervised by a breaker auxiliary contact and a control switch contact used to indicate that the breaker is in or out-of-service, disabling this path when the breaker is out-of-service for maintenance. There is no current level check in this logic as it is intended to detect low magnitude faults and it is therefore the slowest to operate. OUTPUT: The outputs from the schemes are: FlexLogic operands that report on the operation of portions of the scheme FlexLogic operand used to re-trip the protected breaker FlexLogic operands that initiate tripping required to clear the faulted zone. The trip output can be sealed-in for an adjustable period. Target message indicating a failed breaker has been declared Illumination of the faceplate Trip LED (and the Phase A, B or C LED, if applicable)
BREAKER FAILURE TIMER No. 2 (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE CURRENT DETECTOR PICKUP (1/8 cycle) BREAKER FAILURE OUTPUT RELAY PICKUP (1/4 cycle)
FAULT OCCURS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cycles 11 827083A6.CDR
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5 SETTINGS
The current supervision elements reset in less than 0.7 of a power cycle for any multiple of pickup current as shown below.
0.8 Margin Maximum Average
0.6
0.4
0.2
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
836769A4.CDR
Figure 5104: BREAKER FAILURE OVERCURRENT SUPERVISION RESET TIME SETTINGS: BF1 MODE: This setting is used to select the breaker failure operating mode: single or three pole. BF1 USE AMP SUPV: If set to "Yes", the element will only be initiated if current flowing through the breaker is above the supervision pickup level. BF1 USE SEAL-IN: If set to "Yes", the element will only be sealed-in if current flowing through the breaker is above the supervision pickup level. BF1 3-POLE INITIATE: This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that will initiate three-pole tripping of the breaker. BF1 PH AMP SUPV PICKUP: This setting is used to set the phase current initiation and seal-in supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker. It can be set as low as necessary (lower than breaker resistor current or lower than load current) high-set and low-set current supervision will guarantee correct operation. BF1 N AMP SUPV PICKUP: This setting is used to set the neutral current initiate and seal-in supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker. Neutral current supervision is used only in the three phase scheme to provide increased sensitivity. This setting is valid only for three-pole tripping schemes. BF1 USE TIMER 1: If set to "Yes", the early path is operational. BF1 TIMER 1 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 1 is set to the shortest time required for breaker auxiliary contact Status-1 to open, from the time the initial trip signal is applied to the breaker trip circuit, plus a safety margin. BF1 USE TIMER 2: If set to "Yes", the main path is operational. BF1 TIMER 2 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 2 is set to the expected opening time of the breaker, plus a safety margin. This safety margin was historically intended to allow for measuring and timing errors in the breaker failure scheme equipment. In microprocessor relays this time is not significant. In D60 relays, which use a Fourier transform, the calculated current magnitude will ramp-down to zero one power frequency cycle after the current is interrupted, and this lag should be included in the overall margin duration, as it occurs after current interruption. The Breaker failure main path sequence diagram below shows a margin of two cycles; this interval is considered the minimum appropriate for most applications. Note that in bulk oil circuit breakers, the interrupting time for currents less than 25% of the interrupting rating can be significantly longer than the normal interrupting time. BF1 USE TIMER 3: If set to "Yes", the Slow Path is operational. BF1 TIMER 3 PICKUP DELAY: Timer 3 is set to the same interval as timer 2, plus an increased safety margin. Because this path is intended to operate only for low level faults, the delay can be in the order of 300 to 500 ms.
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5 SETTINGS
BF1 BKR POS1 A/3P: This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that represents the protected breaker early-type auxiliary switch contact (52/a). When using the single-pole breaker failure scheme, this operand represents the protected breaker early-type auxiliary switch contact on pole A. This is normally a non-multiplied form-A contact. The contact may even be adjusted to have the shortest possible operating time. BF1 BKR POS2 A/3P: This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that represents the breaker normal-type auxiliary switch contact (52/a). When using the single-pole breaker failure scheme, this operand represents the protected breaker auxiliary switch contact on pole A. This may be a multiplied contact. BF1 BREAKER TEST ON: This setting is used to select the FlexLogic operand that represents the breaker in-service/out-of-service switch set to the out-of-service position. BF1 PH AMP HISET PICKUP: This setting sets the phase current output supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, before a breaker opening resistor is inserted. BF1 N AMP HISET PICKUP: This setting sets the neutral current output supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, before a breaker opening resistor is inserted. Neutral current supervision is used only in the three pole scheme to provide increased sensitivity. This setting is valid only for three-pole breaker failure schemes. BF1 PH AMP LOSET PICKUP: This setting sets the phase current output supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, after a breaker opening resistor is inserted (approximately 90% of the resistor current). BF1 N AMP LOSET PICKUP: This setting sets the neutral current output supervision level. Generally this setting should detect the lowest expected fault current on the protected breaker, after a breaker opening resistor is inserted (approximately 90% of the resistor current). This setting is valid only for three-pole breaker failure schemes. BF1 LOSET TIME DELAY: Sets the pickup delay for current detection after opening resistor insertion. BF1 TRIP DROPOUT DELAY: This setting is used to set the period of time for which the trip output is sealed-in. This timer must be coordinated with the automatic reclosing scheme of the failed breaker, to which the breaker failure element sends a cancel reclosure signal. Reclosure of a remote breaker can also be prevented by holding a transfer trip signal on longer than the reclaim time. BF1 PH A INITIATE / BF1 PH B INITIATE / BF 1 PH C INITIATE: These settings select the FlexLogic operand to initiate phase A, B, or C single-pole tripping of the breaker and the phase A, B, or C portion of the scheme, accordingly. This setting is only valid for single-pole breaker failure schemes. BF1 BKR POS1 B / BF1 BKR POS 1 C: These settings select the FlexLogic operand to represents the protected breaker early-type auxiliary switch contact on poles B or C, accordingly. This contact is normally a non-multiplied FormA contact. The contact may even be adjusted to have the shortest possible operating time. This setting is valid only for single-pole breaker failure schemes. BF1 BKR POS2 B: Selects the FlexLogic operand that represents the protected breaker normal-type auxiliary switch contact on pole B (52/a). This may be a multiplied contact. This setting is valid only for single-pole breaker failure schemes. BF1 BKR POS2 C: This setting selects the FlexLogic operand that represents the protected breaker normal-type auxiliary switch contact on pole C (52/a). This may be a multiplied contact. For single-pole operation, the scheme has the same overall general concept except that it provides re-tripping of each single pole of the protected breaker. The approach shown in the following single pole tripping diagram uses the initiating information to determine which pole is supposed to trip. The logic is segregated on a per-pole basis. The overcurrent detectors have ganged settings. This setting is valid only for single-pole breaker failure schemes. Upon operation of the breaker failure element for a single pole trip command, a three-pole trip command should be given via output operand BKR FAIL 1 TRIP OP.
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
TRIP PHASE C TRIP PHASE B TRIP 3-POLE TRIP PHASE A SETTING BF1 FUNCTION: Enable=1 Disable=0 SETTING BF1 BLOCK : Off=0
AND
SETTING BF1 3-POLE INITIATE : Off=0 SETTING BF1 USE SEAL-IN: YES=1 NO=0 SETTING BF1 USE AMP SUPV: YES=1 NO=0
Initiated Ph A TO SHEET 2 OF 2
OR OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
OR OR AND SEAL-IN PATH AND
TO SHEET 2 OF 2 (Initiated)
OR
Initiated Ph B TO SHEET 2 OF 2
OR OR AND
SEAL-IN PATH
IA IB IC
Initiated Ph C TO SHEET 2 OF 2
}
Figure 5105: SINGLE-POLE BREAKER FAILURE, INITIATE (Sheet 1 of 2)
TO SHEET 2 OF 2 (827070.CDR)
827069A6.CDR
GE Multilin
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5-192
OR
SETTINGS
OR
Use Timer 1
Timer 1 Pickup Delay
Phase Current HiSet Pickup
OR RUN AND
No = 0
Yes = 1
0 IA Pickup
SETTING
0 IA Pickup 0
Use Timer 2
Yes = 1
No = 0
SETTING Timer 1 Pickup Delay
SETTING Phase Current HiSet Pickup
AND OR RUN AND
SETTINGS
SETTING SETTING
Phase Current LoSet Pickup IB Pickup
OR
SETTINGS
Initiated phase C
SETTING SETTING Timer 2 Pickup Delay
AND
IA IB IC
SETTINGS
Use Timer 3
Yes = 1
SETTING Timer 3 Pickup Delay
AND
Breaker Test On
Off = 0
Initiated
827070A5.CDR
5 SETTINGS
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS ,
GE Multilin
5-193
5 SETTINGS
5-194
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5 SETTINGS
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) VOLTAGE ELEMENTS
VOLTAGE ELEMENTS
PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1 PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE2 PHASE OVERVOLTAGE1 NEUTRAL OV1 NEUTRAL OV2 NEUTRAL OV3 NEG SEQ OV1 NEG SEQ OV2 NEG SEQ OV3 AUXILIARY UV1 AUXILIARY UV2 AUXILIARY OV1 AUXILIARY OV2 COMPENSATED OVERVOLTAGE
See page 5197. See page 5197. See page 5198. See page 5199. See page 5199. See page 5199. See page 5200. See page 5200. See page 5200. See page 5201. See page 5201. See page 5202. See page 5202. See page 5202.
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These protection elements can be used for a variety of applications such as: Undervoltage Protection: For voltage sensitive loads, such as induction motors, a drop in voltage increases the drawn current which may cause dangerous overheating in the motor. The undervoltage protection feature can be used to either cause a trip or generate an alarm when the voltage drops below a specified voltage setting for a specified time delay. Permissive Functions: The undervoltage feature may be used to block the functioning of external devices by operating an output relay when the voltage falls below the specified voltage setting. The undervoltage feature may also be used to block the functioning of other elements through the block feature of those elements. Source Transfer Schemes: In the event of an undervoltage, a transfer signal may be generated to transfer a load from its normal source to a standby or emergency power source.
The undervoltage elements can be programmed to have a definite time delay characteristic. The definite time curve operates when the voltage drops below the pickup level for a specified period of time. The time delay is adjustable from 0 to 600.00 seconds in steps of 0.01. The undervoltage elements can also be programmed to have an inverse time delay characteristic.
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5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS The undervoltage delay setting defines the family of curves shown below. D T = --------------------------------V 1 ------------------ V
pickup
5 SETTINGS
(EQ 5.22)
where:
T = operating time D = undervoltage delay setting (D = 0.00 operates instantaneously) V = secondary voltage applied to the relay Vpickup = pickup level
5
% of voltage pickup
842788A1.CDR
Figure 5109: INVERSE TIME UNDERVOLTAGE CURVES At 0% of pickup, the operating time equals the UNDERVOLTAGE DELAY setting.
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Time (seconds)
GE Multilin
PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1(3)
PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE1
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PHASE UV1 FUNCTION: Disabled PHASE UV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE UV1 MODE: Phase to Ground PHASE UV1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu PHASE UV1 CURVE: Definite Time PHASE UV1 DELAY: 1.00 s PHASE UV1 MINIMUM VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu PHASE UV1 BLOCK: Off PHASE UV1 TARGET: Self-reset PHASE UV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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This element may be used to give a desired time-delay operating characteristic versus the applied fundamental voltage (phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase for wye VT connection, or phase-to-phase for delta VT connection) or as a definite time element. The element resets instantaneously if the applied voltage exceeds the dropout voltage. The delay setting selects the minimum operating time of the phase undervoltage. The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below which the element is blocked (a setting of 0 will allow a dead source to be considered a fault condition).
SETTING PHASE UV1 FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING PHASE UV1 BLOCK: Off = 0 SETTING PHASE UV1 SOURCE: Source VT = Delta VAB VBC VCA Source VT = Wye SETTING PHASE UV1 MODE:
Phase to Ground Phase to Phase
SETTING PHASE UV1 PICKUP: PHASE UV1 CURVE: PHASE UV1 DELAY: AND RUN VAG or VAB < PICKUP t V RUN VBG or VBC< PICKUP t V RUN VCG or VCA < PICKUP t V FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR PHASE UV1 PKP FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PHASE UV1 A PKP PHASE UV1 A DPO PHASE UV1 A OP SETTING AND PHASE UV1 B PKP PHASE UV1 B DPO PHASE UV1 B OP AND PHASE UV1 C PKP PHASE UV1 C DPO PHASE UV1 C OP
AND
PHASE UV1 MINIMUM VOLTAGE: VAG or VAB < Minimum VBG or VBC < Minimum VCG or VCA < Minimum
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5 SETTINGS
PHASE OVERVOLTAGE1
PHASE OVERVOLTAGE1
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PHASE OV1 FUNCTION: Disabled PHASE OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 PHASE OV1 PICKUP: 1.000 pu PHASE OV1 PICKUP DELAY: 1.00 s PHASE OV1 RESET DELAY: 1.00 s PHASE OV1 BLOCK: Off PHASE OV1 TARGET: Self-reset PHASE OV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The phase overvoltage element may be used as an instantaneous element with no intentional time delay or as a definite time element. The input voltage is the phase-to-phase voltage, either measured directly from delta-connected VTs or as calculated from phase-to-ground (wye) connected VTs. The specific voltages to be used for each phase are shown below.
SETTINGS SETTING PHASE OV1 PICKUP: RUN VAB PICKUP SETTING PHASE OV1 BLOCK: Off = 0 RUN AND RUN PHASE OV1 PICKUP DELAY: PHASE OV1 RESET DELAY: tPKP tRST tPKP tRST VCA PICKUP tPKP tRST FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PHASE OV1 A PKP PHASE OV1 A DPO PHASE OV1 A OP PHASE OV1 B PKP PHASE OV1 B DPO PHASE OV1 B OP PHASE OV1 C PKP PHASE OV1 C DPO PHASE OV1 C OP
VBC PICKUP
SETTING PHASE OV1 SOURCE: Source VT = Delta VAB VBC VCA Source VT = Wye
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR PHASE OV1 OP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND AND PHASE OV1 DPO FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR PHASE OV1 PKP
827066A7.CDR
Figure 5111: PHASE OVERVOLTAGE SCHEME LOGIC If the source VT is wye-connected, then the phase overvoltage pickup condition is V > 3 Pickup for VAB, VBC, and VCA.
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NEUTRAL OV1(3)
NEUTRAL OV1
NEUTRAL OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: 0.300 pu NEUTRAL OV1 CURVE: Definite time NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP: DELAY: 1.00 s NEUTRAL OV1 RESET: DELAY: 1.00 s NEUTRAL OV1 BLOCK: Off NEUTRAL OV1 TARGET: Self-reset NEUTRAL OV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: Definite time, FlexCurve A, FlexCurve B, FlexCurve C Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
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There are three neutral overvoltage elements available. The neutral overvoltage element can be used to detect asymmetrical system voltage condition due to a ground fault or to the loss of one or two phases of the source. The element responds to the system neutral voltage (3V_0), calculated from the phase voltages. The nominal secondary voltage of the phase voltSYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK PHASE VT SECONDARY is the age channels entered under SETTINGS p.u. base used when setting the pickup level. The neutral overvoltage element can provide a time-delayed operating characteristic versus the applied voltage (initialized from FlexCurves A, B, or C) or be used as a definite time element. The NEUTRAL OV1 PICKUP DELAY setting applies only if the NEUTRAL OV1 CURVE setting is Definite time. The source assigned to this element must be configured for a phase VT. VT errors and normal voltage unbalance must be considered when setting this element. This function requires the VTs to be wye-connected.
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5 SETTINGS
NEG SEQ OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP: 0.300 pu NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.50 s NEG SEQ OV1 RESET DELAY: 0.50 s NEG SEQ OV1 BLOCK: Off NEG SEQ OV1 TARGET: Self-reset NEG SEQ OV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The negative-sequence overvoltage element may be used to detect loss of one or two phases of the source, a reversed phase sequence of voltage, or a non-symmetrical system voltage condition.
SETTING NEG SEQ OV1 FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING NEG SEQ OV1 BLOCK: Off = 0 SETTING NEG SEQ OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: Wye VT V_2 Delta VT 3 V_2 SETTING NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP:
AND RUN
SETTINGS NEG SEQ OV1 PICKUP DELAY: NEG SEQ OV1 RESET DELAY: t PKP t RST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS NEG SEQ OV1 PKP NEG SEQ OV1 DPO NEG SEQ OV1 OP
827839A3.CDR
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AUXILIARY UV1(2)
AUXILIARY UV1
AUX UV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 AUX UV1 PICKUP: 0.700 pu AUX UV1 CURVE: Definite Time AUX UV1 DELAY: 1.00 s AUX UV1 MINIMUM: VOLTAGE: 0.100 pu AUX UV1 BLOCK: Off AUX UV1 TARGET: Self-reset AUX UV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The D60 contains one auxiliary undervoltage element for each VT bank. This element is intended for monitoring undervoltage conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The AUX UV1 PICKUP selects the voltage level at which the time undervoltage eleSYSTEM ment starts timing. The nominal secondary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SETTINGS SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK X5 AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the per-unit base used when setting the pickup level. The AUX UV1 DELAY setting selects the minimum operating time of the auxiliary undervoltage element. Both AUX UV1 PICKUP and AUX UV1 DELAY settings establish the operating curve of the undervoltage element. The auxiliary undervoltage element can be programmed to use either definite time delay or inverse time delay characteristics. The operating characteristics and equations for both definite and inverse time delay are as for the phase undervoltage element. The element resets instantaneously. The minimum voltage setting selects the operating voltage below which the element is blocked.
SETTING
AUX UV1 FUNCTION:
SETTING AUX UV1 PICKUP: AUX UV1 CURVE: AUX UV1 DELAY: AND SETTING AUX UV1 MINIMUM VOLTAGE: Vx < Minimum V
827849A2.CDR
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AUX UV1 PKP AUX UV1 DPO AUX UV1 OP
Off=0 SETTING
AUX UV1 SIGNAL SOURCE:
RUN t
Vx < Pickup
AUX VOLT Vx
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AUXILIARY OV1(2)
AUXILIARY OV1
AUX OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE: SRC 1 AUX OV1 PICKUP: 0.300 pu AUX OV1 PICKUP DELAY: 1.00 s AUX OV1 RESET DELAY: 1.00 s AUX OV1 BLOCK: Off AUX OV1 TARGET: Self-reset AUX OV1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The D60 contains one auxiliary overvoltage element for each VT bank. This element is intended for monitoring overvoltage conditions of the auxiliary voltage. The nominal secondary voltage of the auxiliary voltage channel entered under SYSTEM SETUP AC INPUTS VOLTAGE BANK X5 AUXILIARY VT X5 SECONDARY is the per-unit (pu) base used when setting the pickup level. A typical application for this element is monitoring the zero-sequence voltage (3V_0) supplied from an open-corner-delta VT connection.
SETTING
AUX OV1 FUNCTION:
SETTING AUX OV1 PICKUP: AND RUN SETTING AUX OV1 PICKUP DELAY : AUX OV1 RESET DELAY : Vx < Pickup tPKP tRST
Off=0 SETTING
AUX OV1 SIGNAL SOURCE:
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AUX OV1 OP AUX OV1 DPO AUX OV1 PKP
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COMPENSATED OVERVOLTAGE
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COMPENSATED OV FUNCTION: Disabled COMPENSATED OV SOURCE: SRC 1 COMPENSATED OV Zc MAG: 2.00 COMPENSATED OV Zc ANG: 90 COMPENSATED OV I_1max: 0.20 pu COMPENSATED OV STG1 PICKUP: 1.300 pu COMPENSATED OV STG1 DELAY: 1.00 s COMPENSATED OV STG2 PICKUP: 1.300 pu COMPENSATED OV STG2 DELAY: 1.00 s COMPENSATED OV STG3 PICKUP: 1.300 pu COMPENSATED OV STG3 DELAY: 1.00 s COMPENSATED OV BLK: Off COMPENSATED OV TARGET: Self-reset COMPENSATED OV EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 30 to 90 in steps of 1
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The compensated overvoltage function is intended to provide protection against an overvoltage due to the opening of the remote terminal of a transmission line the so called the Ferranti effect. This could be achieved using a transfer-tripping scheme. However, with high voltage, more corona may exist on the line and inhibit the proper reception of a carrier-transfer-trip signal. Also, the presence of a line with an open terminal in weak systems can raise the voltage level of the local bus. Detecting and tripping a line with an open terminal can prevent tripping at the local bus in this case.
Local terminal Remote terminal
I_1 V_1
Zc
V_1C
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Figure 5117: PHASOR DIAGRAM The function approximates the voltage rise at the far end of the transmission line according to the following relationship: V_1 I_1 Z C_mag e C_ang V_1 C ( pu ) = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------V nominal In the above equation: V_1 is the positive-sequence voltage (phasor quantity) in secondary volts measured at the local terminal. I_1 is the positive-sequence current (phasor quantity) in secondary amps measured at the local terminal. Vnominal is the phase VT secondary setting in the case of wye VTs and the phase VT secondary setting dividec by 3 in the case of delta VTs. ZC_mag and ZC_ang represent an impedance between the local and remote terminals. V_1C is the calculated positive-sequence voltage magnitude at the remote terminal.
j(Z )
(EQ 5.23)
If the magnitude of ZC is set to one-half the series impedance of the line (R + jXL), the compensated voltage will be approximately equal to the positive-sequence voltage at the remote end of the line. A more accurate setting of ZC may be made if the positive-sequence charging current and the voltages at the local and remote line ends resulting from an open breaker are known. In this case, the desired reach setting would be: V local V remote Z C = ---------------------------------------I ch arg e The following settings are available. COMPENSATED OV Zc MAG: This setting specifies the magnitude of the impedance ZC in secondary ohms. This should be set to half the positive-sequence series impedance of the line. Alternately, if the positive-sequence charging currents and local and remote voltages are known, then this value can be calculated from equation above. COMPENSATED OV Zc ANG: This setting specifies the angle of the impedance ZC in degrees. COMPENSATED OV I_1max: This setting specifies the maximum expected positive-sequence line current for which a remote overvoltage is anticipated. COMPENSATED OV STG1 PKP, COMPENSATED OV STG2 PKP, COMPENSATED OV STG3 PKP: These settings specify the pickup level for each of the three stages. If any stage is set with no intentional time delay, then the pickup setting should be set 15% above the anticipated steady state overvoltage to prevent an operation during line energization. A stage that is not used may be set to its maximum setting value (3.000 pu) to effectively disable it. COMPENSATED OV STG1 DELAY, COMPENSATED OV STG2 DELAY, COMPENSATED OV STG3 DELAY: These settings specify the time delay for each of the three stages in seconds.
(EQ 5.24)
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SETTINGS Function Enabled = 1 Block Off = 0 SETTINGS Zc Magnitude Zc Angle V_1 I_1 V_1c = | V_1 (I_1 Zc) |
OR AND
SETTING Source
SETTING I_1 Maximum V_1c = | V_1 (I_1 Zc) | SETTING Stage 2 Pickup V_1c Pickup
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS COMP OV STG1 OP COMP OV STG1 PKP COMP OV STG1 DPO
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS COMP OV STG2 OP COMP OV STG2 PKP COMP OV STG2 DPO
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS COMP OV STG3 OP COMP OV STG3 PKP COMP OV STG3 DPO
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Control elements are generally used for control rather than protection. See the Introduction to Elements section at the beginning of this chapter for further information. 5.7.2 TRIP BUS
PATH: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS TRIP BUS TRIP BUS 1(6) Range: Enabled, Disabled
TRIP BUS 1
TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK: Off TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP DELAY: 0.00 s TRIP BUS 1 RESET DELAY: 0.00 s TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 1: Off TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 2: Off
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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5
MESSAGE MESSAGE
TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 16: Off TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING: Disabled TRIP BUS 1 RESET: Off TRIP BUS 1 TARGET: Self-reset TRIP BUS 1 EVENTS: Disabled
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The trip bus element allows aggregating outputs of protection and control elements without using FlexLogic and assigning them a simple and effective manner. Each trip bus can be assigned for either trip or alarm actions. Simple trip conditioning such as latch, delay, and seal-in delay are available. The easiest way to assign element outputs to a trip bus is through the EnerVista UR Setup software A protection summary is displayed by navigating to a specific protection or control protection element and checking the desired bus box. Once the desired element is selected for a specific bus, a list of element operate-type operands are displayed and can be assigned to a trip bus. If more than one operate-type operand is required, it may be assigned directly from the trip bus menu.
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Figure 5119: TRIP BUS FIELDS IN THE PROTECTION SUMMARY The following settings are available. TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK: The trip bus output is blocked when the operand assigned to this setting is asserted. TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP DELAY: This setting specifies a time delay to produce an output depending on how output is used. TRIP BUS 1 RESET DELAY: This setting specifies a time delay to reset an output command. The time delay should be set long enough to allow the breaker or contactor to perform a required action. TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 1 to TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 16: These settings select a FlexLogic operand to be assigned as an input to the trip bus. TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING: This setting enables or disables latching of the trip bus output. This is typically used when lockout is required or user acknowledgement of the relay response is required. TRIP BUS 1 RESET: The trip bus output is reset when the operand assigned to this setting is asserted. Note that the RESET OP operand is pre-wired to the reset gate of the latch, As such, a reset command the front panel interface or via communications will reset the trip bus output.
SETTINGS TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 1 = Off TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 2 = Off
***
OR AND
SETTINGS TRIP BUS 1 PICKUP DELAY TRIP BUS 1 RESET DELAY TPKP Latch
R
Non-volatile, set-dominant
S
TRIP BUS 1 INPUT 16 = Off SETTINGS TRIP BUS 1 FUNCTION = Enabled TRIP BUS 1 BLOCK = Off SETTINGS TRIP BUS 1 LATCHING = Enabled TRIP BUS 1 RESET = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND RESET OP
OR AND
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PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
SETTINGS GROUPS
SETTING GROUPS
SETTING GROUPS BLK: Off GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON: Off GROUP 3 ACTIVATE ON: Off
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The setting groups menu controls the activation and deactivation of up to six possible groups of settings in the GROUPED ELEMENTS settings menu. The faceplate Settings In Use LEDs indicate which active group (with a non-flashing energized LED) is in service. The SETTING GROUPS BLK setting prevents the active setting group from changing when the FlexLogic parameter is set to "On". This can be useful in applications where it is undesirable to change the settings under certain conditions, such as the breaker being open. The GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON to GROUP 6 ACTIVATE ON settings select a FlexLogic operand which, when set, will make the particular setting group active for use by any grouped element. A priority scheme ensures that only one group is active at a given time the highest-numbered group which is activated by its ACTIVATE ON parameter takes priority over the lowernumbered groups. There is no activate on setting for group 1 (the default active group), because group 1 automatically becomes active if no other group is active. The SETTING GROUP 1 NAME to SETTING GROUP 6 NAME settings allows to user to assign a name to each of the six settings groups. Once programmed, this name will appear on the second line of the GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) menu display. The relay can be set up via a FlexLogic equation to receive requests to activate or de-activate a particular non-default settings group. The following FlexLogic equation (see the figure below) illustrates requests via remote communications (for example, VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ON) or from a local contact input (for example, CONTACT IP 1 ON) to initiate the use of a particular settings group, and requests from several overcurrent pickup measuring elements to inhibit the use of the particular settings group. The assigned VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 operand is used to control the On state of a particular settings group.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
VIRT IP 1 ON (VI1) CONT IP 1 ON (H5A) OR (2) PHASE TOC1 PKP NOT PHASE TOC2 PKP NOT AND (3) = VIRT OP 1 (VO1)
OR (2)
AND (3)
= VIRT OP 1 (VO1)
10
END
842789A1.CDR
Figure 5121: EXAMPLE FLEXLOGIC CONTROL OF A SETTINGS GROUP 5.7.4 SELECTOR SWITCH
PATH: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS SELECTOR SWITCH SELECTOR SWITCH 1(2) Range: Disabled, Enabled
SELECTOR SWITCH 1
SELECTOR 1 FUNCTION: Disabled SELECTOR 1 FULL RANGE: 7 SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT: 5.0 s SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP: Off SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP MODE: Time-out SELECTOR 1 ACK: Off SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0: Off SELECTOR 1 3BIT A1: Off SELECTOR 1 3BIT A2: Off SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE: Time-out SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: Off SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MODE: Restore SELECTOR 1 TARGETS: Self-reset SELECTOR 1 EVENTS: Disabled
Range: 1 to 7 in steps of 1
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5
Range: 3.0 to 60.0 s in steps of 0.1 Range: FlexLogic operand
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The selector switch element is intended to replace a mechanical selector switch. Typical applications include setting group control or control of multiple logic sub-circuits in user-programmable logic. The element provides for two control inputs. The step-up control allows stepping through selector position one step at a time with each pulse of the control input, such as a user-programmable pushbutton. The three-bit control input allows setting the selector to the position defined by a three-bit word. The element allows pre-selecting a new position without applying it. The pre-selected position gets applied either after timeout or upon acknowledgement via separate inputs (user setting). The selector position is stored in non-volatile memory. Upon power-up, either the previous position is restored or the relay synchronizes to the current three-bit word (user setting). Basic alarm functionality alerts the user under abnormal conditions; for example, the three-bit control input being out of range. SELECTOR 1 FULL RANGE: This setting defines the upper position of the selector. When stepping up through available positions of the selector, the upper position wraps up to the lower position (position 1). When using a direct threebit control word for programming the selector to a desired position, the change would take place only if the control word is within the range of 1 to the SELECTOR FULL RANGE. If the control word is outside the range, an alarm is established by setting the SELECTOR ALARM FlexLogic operand for 3 seconds. SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT: This setting defines the time-out period for the selector. This value is used by the relay in the following two ways. When the SELECTOR STEP-UP MODE is Time-out, the setting specifies the required period of inactivity of the control input after which the pre-selected position is automatically applied. When the SELECTOR STEPUP MODE is Acknowledge, the setting specifies the period of time for the acknowledging input to appear. The timer is re-started by any activity of the control input. The acknowledging input must come before the SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT timer expires; otherwise, the change will not take place and an alarm will be set. SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP: This setting specifies a control input for the selector switch. The switch is shifted to a new position at each rising edge of this signal. The position changes incrementally, wrapping up from the last (SELECTOR 1 FULL RANGE) to the first (position 1). Consecutive pulses of this control operand must not occur faster than every 50 ms. After each rising edge of the assigned operand, the time-out timer is restarted and the SELECTOR SWITCH 1: POS Z CHNG INITIATED target message is displayed, where Z the pre-selected position. The message is displayed for the time specified by the FLASH MESSAGE TIME setting. The pre-selected position is applied after the selector times out (Time-out mode), or when the acknowledging signal appears before the element times out (Acknowledge mode). When the new position is applied, the relay displays the SELECTOR SWITCH 1: POSITION Z IN USE message. Typically, a user-programmable pushbutton is configured as the stepping up control input. SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP MODE: This setting defines the selector mode of operation. When set to Time-out, the selector will change its position after a pre-defined period of inactivity at the control input. The change is automatic and does not require any explicit confirmation of the intent to change the selector's position. When set to Acknowledge, the selector will change its position only after the intent is confirmed through a separate acknowledging signal. If the acknowledging signal does not appear within a pre-defined period of time, the selector does not accept the change and an alarm is established by setting the SELECTOR STP ALARM output FlexLogic operand for 3 seconds. SELECTOR 1 ACK: This setting specifies an acknowledging input for the stepping up control input. The pre-selected position is applied on the rising edge of the assigned operand. This setting is active only under Acknowledge mode of operation. The acknowledging signal must appear within the time defined by the SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT setting after the last activity of the control input. A user-programmable pushbutton is typically configured as the acknowledging input. SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0, A1, and A2: These settings specify a three-bit control input of the selector. The three-bit control word pre-selects the position using the following encoding convention:
A2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 A0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 POSITION rest 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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The rest position (0, 0, 0) does not generate an action and is intended for situations when the device generating the three-bit control word is having a problem. When SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE is Time-out, the pre-selected position is applied in SELECTOR 1 TIME-OUT seconds after the last activity of the three-bit input. When SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE is Acknowledge, the pre-selected position is applied on the rising edge of the SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK acknowledging input. The stepping up control input (SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP) and the three-bit control inputs (SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0 through A2) lock-out mutually: once the stepping up sequence is initiated, the three-bit control input is inactive; once the three-bit control sequence is initiated, the stepping up input is inactive. SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE: This setting defines the selector mode of operation. When set to Time-out, the selector changes its position after a pre-defined period of inactivity at the control input. The change is automatic and does not require explicit confirmation to change the selector position. When set to Acknowledge, the selector changes its position only after confirmation via a separate acknowledging signal. If the acknowledging signal does not appear within a pre-defined period of time, the selector rejects the change and an alarm established by invoking the SELECTOR BIT ALARM FlexLogic operand for 3 seconds. SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: This setting specifies an acknowledging input for the three-bit control input. The preselected position is applied on the rising edge of the assigned FlexLogic operand. This setting is active only under the Acknowledge mode of operation. The acknowledging signal must appear within the time defined by the SELECTOR TIME-OUT setting after the last activity of the three-bit control inputs. Note that the stepping up control input and three-bit control input have independent acknowledging signals (SELECTOR 1 ACK and SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK, accordingly). SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MODE: This setting specifies the element behavior on power up of the relay. When set to Restore, the last position of the selector (stored in the non-volatile memory) is restored after powering up the relay. If the position restored from memory is out of range, position 0 (no output operand selected) is applied and an alarm is set (SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM). When set to Synchronize selector switch acts as follows. For two power cycles, the selector applies position 0 to the switch and activates SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM. After two power cycles expire, the selector synchronizes to the position dictated by the three-bit control input. This operation does not wait for time-out or the acknowledging input. When the synchronization attempt is unsuccessful (that is, the three-bit input is not available (0,0,0) or out of range) then the selector switch output is set to position 0 (no output operand selected) and an alarm is established (SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM). The operation of Synch/Restore mode is similar to the Synchronize mode. The only difference is that after an unsuccessful synchronization attempt, the switch will attempt to restore the position stored in the relay memory. The Synch/Restore mode is useful for applications where the selector switch is employed to change the setting group in redundant (two relay) protection schemes. SELECTOR 1 EVENTS: If enabled, the following events are logged:
EVENT NAME SELECTOR 1 POS Z SELECTOR 1 STP ALARM SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM DESCRIPTION Selector 1 changed its position to Z. The selector position pre-selected via the stepping up control input has not been confirmed before the time out. The selector position pre-selected via the three-bit control input has not been confirmed before the time out.
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The following figures illustrate the operation of the selector switch. In these diagrams, T represents a time-out setting.
pre-existing position 2 changed to 4 with a pushbutton changed to 1 with a 3-bit input changed to 2 with a pushbutton changed to 7 with a 3-bit input
STEP-UP T T
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pre-existing position 2
STEP-UP ACK 3BIT A0 3BIT A1 3BIT A2 3BIT ACK POS 1 POS 2 POS 3 POS 4 POS 5 POS 6 POS 7 BIT 0 BIT 1 BIT 2 STP ALARM BIT ALARM ALARM
842736A1.CDR
Figure 5123: ACKNOWLEDGE MODE APPLICATION EXAMPLE Consider an application where the selector switch is used to control setting groups 1 through 4 in the relay. The setting groups are to be controlled from both user-programmable pushbutton 1 and from an external device via contact inputs 1 through 3. The active setting group shall be available as an encoded three-bit word to the external device and SCADA via output contacts 1 through 3. The pre-selected setting group shall be applied automatically after 5 seconds of inactivity of the control inputs. When the relay powers up, it should synchronize the setting group to the three-bit control input. Make the following changes to setting group control in the SETTINGS
SETTING GROUPS FUNCTION: Enabled SETTING GROUPS BLK: Off GROUP 2 ACTIVATE ON: SELECTOR 1 POS GROUP 3 ACTIVATE ON: SELECTOR 1 POS CONTROL ELEMENTS SETTING GROUPS
menu:
2" 3"
SELECTOR SWITCH 1
Make the following changes to selector switch element in the SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS SELECTOR SWITCH menu to assign control to user programmable pushbutton 1 and contact inputs 1 through 3:
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SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0: CONT IP 1 ON SELECTOR 1 3BIT A1: CONT IP 2 ON SELECTOR 1 3BIT A2: CONT IP 3 ON SELECTOR 1 3BIT MODE: Time-out SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: Off SELECTOR 1 POWER-UP MODE: Synchronize
ON
Now, assign the contact output operation (assume the H6E module) to the selector switch element by making the following INPUTS/OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUTS menu: changes in the SETTINGS
OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: OUTPUT H2 OPERATE: OUTPUT H3 OPERATE:
Finally, assign configure user-programmable pushbutton 1 by making the following changes in the SETTINGS SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS USER PUSHBUTTON 1 menu:
PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Self-reset PUSHBUTTON 1 DROP-OUT TIME: 0.10 s
SELECTOR 1 FUNCTION: Enabled = 1 SELECTOR 1 STEP-UP: Off = 0 SELECTOR 1 ACK: Off = 0 SELECTOR 1 3BIT A0: Off = 0 SELECTOR 1 3BIT A1: Off = 0 SELECTOR 1 3BIT A2: Off = 0 SELECTOR 1 3BIT ACK: Off = 0
1
acknowledge
2 3 4
SELECTOR 1 POS 1 SELECTOR 1 POS 2 SELECTOR 1 POS 3 SELECTOR 1 POS 4 SELECTOR 1 POS 5 5 SELECTOR 1 POS 6 SELECTOR 1 POS 7 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SELECTOR 1 STP ALARM SELECTOR 1 BIT ALARM
ON
3-bit acknowledge
OR
SELECTOR 1 ALARM SELECTOR 1 PWR ALARM SELECTOR 1 BIT 0 SELECTOR 1 BIT 1 SELECTOR 1 BIT 2
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PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
TRIP OUTPUT
TRIP OUTPUT
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-6: Off TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1: Off TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-2: Off
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TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-6: Off TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1: Off TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-2: Off
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TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-6: Off TRIP SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.000 s TRIP RESET: CBaux OR Custom START TMR Z2PH Inp1: Off START TMR Z2PH Inp2: Off START TMR Z2GR Inp1: Off START TMR Z2GR Inp2: Off BKR A OPEN: Off BKR B OPEN: Off BKR C OPEN: Off
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Range: Pole Curr OR Custom, CBaux OR Custom, Custom Range: FlexLogic operand
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5.7 CONTROL ELEMENTS TRIP FORCE 3-POLE: Off TRIP PILOT PRIORITY: 0.000 s REVERSE FAULT: Off TRIP DELAY ON EVOLV FAULTS: 0.000 s TRIP EVENTS: Disabled
Range: FlexLogic operand
5 SETTINGS
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The trip output element is primarily used to collect trip requests from protection elements and other inputs to generate output operands to initiate trip operations. Three pole trips will only initiate reclosure if programmed to do so, whereas single pole trips will always automatically initiate reclosure. The TRIP 3-POLE and TRIP 1-POLE output operands can also be used as inputs to a FlexLogic OR gate to operate the faceplate Trip indicator LED. THREE POLE OPERATION: In applications where single-pole tripping is not required this element provides a convenient method of collecting inputs to initiate tripping of circuit breakers, the reclose element and breaker failure elements. SINGLE POLE OPERATION: This element must be used in single pole operation applications.
NOTE
In these applications this element is used to: Determine if a single pole operation should be performed. Collect inputs to initiate three pole tripping, the recloser and breaker failure elements. Collect inputs to initiate single pole tripping, the recloser and breaker failure elements. Assign a higher priority to pilot aided scheme outputs than to exclusively local inputs.
The trip output element works in association with other D60 elements (refer to the Theory of operation chapter for a complete description of single-pole operations) that must be programmed and in-service for successful operation. The necessary elements are: recloser, breaker control, open pole detector, and phase selector. The recloser must also be in the Reset state before a single pole trip can be issued. Outputs from this element are also directly connected as initiate signals to the breaker failure elements. At least one internal protection element or digital input representing detection of a fault must be available as an input to this element. In pilot-aided scheme applications, a timer can be used to delay the output decision until data from a remote terminal is received from communications facilities, to prevent a three pole operation where a single pole operation is permitted. To ensure correct operation of the single-pole tripping feature, any non-distance protection used for single pole tripping (such as high-set overcurrent using the instantaneous or directional overcurrent elements) must be blocked by the OPEN POLE OP A, OPEN POLE OP B, or OPEN POLE OP C operands. For example, instantaneous overcurrent phase A will be blocked by OPEN POLE OP A operand. This blocking condition is pre-wired for distance protection.
NOTE
The following settings are available for the trip output element. TRIP MODE: This setting is used to select the required mode of operation. If selected to 3 Pole Only outputs for all three phases are always set simultaneously. If selected to 3 Pole & 1 Pole outputs for all three phases are set simultaneously unless the phase selector or a pilot aided scheme determines the fault is single-phase-to-ground. If the fault is identified as being AG, BG or CG only the operands for the faulted phase will be asserted. TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-1 to TRIP 3-POLE INPUT-6: These settings are used to select an operand representing a fault condition that is not desired to initiate a single pole operation (for example, phase undervoltage). Use a FlexLogic ORgate if more than six inputs are required.
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TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1 to TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-6: These settings are used to select an operand representing a fault condition that is desired to initiate a single pole trip-and-reclose if the fault is single phase to ground (for example, distance zone 1). Use a FlexLogic OR-gate if more than six inputs are required. The inputs do not have to be phasespecific as the phase selector determines the fault type. The AR FORCE 3-P TRIP operand is asserted by the autorecloser 1.5 cycles after single-pole reclosing is initiated. This operand calls for a three-pole trip if any protection element configured under TRIP 1-POLE INPUT remains picked-up. The open pole detector provides blocking inputs to distance elements, and therefore the latter will reset immediately after the TRIP 1-POLE operand is asserted. For other protection elements used in single-pole tripping, the user must ensure they will reset immediately after tripping, otherwise the fact that they are still picked up will be detected as an evolving fault and the relay will trip three-poles. For example, if high-set phase instantaneous overcurrent is used (TRIP 1-POLE INPUT X: PHASE IOC1 OP), then OPEN POLE OP A shall be used for blocking phase A of the instantaneous overcurrent element. In this way, after tripping phase A, the phase a instantaneous overcurrent element is forced to reset. Phases B and C are still operational and can detect an evolving fault as soon as 8 ms after tripping phase A. Neutral and negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent elements shall be blocked from the OPEN POLE BLK N operand unless the pickup setting is high enough to prevent pickup during single-pole reclosing.
TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1 to TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-6: These settings select an operand representing a fault condition that is desired to initiate three pole reclosing (for example, phase distance zone 1). Use a FlexLogic OR-gate if more than six inputs are required. These inputs will also include the TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1 to TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-6 values, which are intended to initiate three-pole reclosing in situations where single-pole tripping commands are changed to three-pole tripping commands. This may happen in cases where the phase selector identifies a multi-phase fault or the AR FORCE 3P TRIP command is present. TRIP SEAL-IN DELAY: This setting specifies the minimum time that trip command signals are maintained to provide sufficient time to open the breaker poles. If a value of 0 is specified, then the output signal is reset once the protection elements initiating the trip are reset. If a value other than 0 is specified, then the protection elements must reset and the timer initiated at the first trip command must expire. TRIP RESET: This setting selects the option to reset the trip latches. If Pole Curr OR Custom is chosen, then the OPEN POLE CURRENT PKP setting should be programmed accordingly. If CBaux OR Custom is chosen, then the breakers should be set appropriately. Both the Current and CBaux options can be complimented by custom conditions using the BKR A OPEN, BKR B OPEN, and BKR C OPEN settings indicated below. Alternately, a purely custom condition can be applied to reset trip output latches. START TMR Z2PH Inp1 and START TMR Z2PH Inp2: These settings select an operand that will start the phase distance zone 2 timer to avoid a trip delay if the fault evolves from one type to another type (for example, from a singlelineto-ground fault to a multi-phase fault) or from one zone of protection to another zone of protection (for example, from zone 3 to zone 2). For instance, the GND DIST Z2 PKP FlexLogic operand or the PH DIST Z3 PKP FlexLogic operand could be assigned to either of these settings. Use a FlexLogic OR-gate if more than two inputs are required. Refer to phase distance logic diagrams for additional information. START TMR Z2GR Inp1 and START TMR Z2GR Inp2: These settings select an operand that will start the ground distance zone 2 timer to avoid a trip delay if the fault evolves from one zone of protection to another zone of protection (for example, from zone 3 to zone 2). For instance, the GND DIST Z3 PKP FlexLogic operand could be assigned to these settings. Use a FlexLogic OR-gate if more than two inputs are required. Refer to ground distance logic diagrams for additional information. BKR A OPEN, BKR B OPEN, and BKR C OPEN: This settings are used to select an operand to indicates that phase A, B, or C of the breaker is open, respectively. TRIP FORCE 3-POLE: Selects an operand that will force an input selected for single pole operation to produce a three pole operation. The AR DISABLED FlexLogic operand is the recommended value for this setting. Power system configurations or conditions which require such operations may be considered as well. TRIP PILOT PRIORITY: This setting is used to set an interval equal to the inter-relay channel communications time, plus an appropriate margin, during which outputs are not asserted. This delay permits fault identification information from a remote terminal to be used instead of local data only. REVERSE FAULT: This setting should be used to guarantee accuracy of single-pole tripping under evolving external to internal faults. When a close-in external fault occurs, the relay is biased toward very fast operation on a following internal fault. This is primarily due to depressed voltages and elevated currents in response to the first, external fault. The phase selector may exhibit some time lag compared to the main protection elements. This may potentially result in a
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spurious three-pole operation on a single-line-to-ground internal fault. Delaying tripping on internal faults that follow detection of reverse faults solves the problem. As long as the operand indicated under this setting is asserted the trip action will be delayed by TRIP DELAY ON EVOLV time. Typically this operand should combine reverse zone indications (such as zone 4 pickup) with a half-cycle pickup delay, and two-cycle dropout delay. This setting should be used only in single-pole tripping applications, when evolving faults are of importance, and slightly delayed operation on evolving faults could be traded for enhanced accuracy of single-pole tripping.
FAULTS
TRIP DELAY ON EVOLV FAULTS: This setting should be used in conjunction with the REVERSE FAULT setting (see above). Typically this value should be set around half a power system cycle. This setting should be used only in singlepole tripping applications, when evolving faults are of importance, and slightly delayed operation on evolving faults could be traded for enhanced accuracy of single-pole tripping.
5-218
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
SETTINGS Trip Mode = 3 Pole Only = 3 Pole and 1 Pole Trip Force 3-Pole = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND AR FORCE 3P TRIP SETTING Open Pole Mode = Accelerated FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP OP FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POTT TRIP 3P DUTT TRIP 3P PUTT TRIP 3P HYBRID POTT TRIP 3P DIR BLOCK TRIP 3P DCUB TRIP 3P 87L TRIP 3P OP
AND 2 cyc 0 OR AND OR OR
3P
ENABLED
AND
D60 only
OR
AND
L90 only
SETTING Trip 3-Pole Input 1 = Off SETTING Trip 3-Pole Input 6 = Off SETTING Trip 1-Pole Input 1 = Off SETTING Trip 1-Pole Input 6 = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PHASE SELECT MULTI-P PHASE SELECT VOID PHASE SELECT AG PHASE SELECT BG PHASE SELECT CG FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POTT TRIP A DUTT TRIP A PUTT TRIP A HYBRID POTT TRIP A DIR BLOCK TRIP A DCUB TRIP A 87L TRIP OP A FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POTT TRIP B DUTT TRIP B PUTT TRIP B HYBRID POTT TRIP B DIR BLOCK TRIP B DCUB TRIP B 87L TRIP OP B FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POTT TRIP C DUTT TRIP C PUTT TRIP C HYBRID POTT TRIP C DIR BLOCK TRIP C DCUB TRIP C 87L TRIP OP C
OR OR AND AND
OR AND OR
AND
5
SETTING
TRIP PILOT PRIORITY
AND
0
AND OR
PHASE A
AND
OR
PHASE B
To trip output logic sheet 2, 837034A2
AND
OR
PHASE C
D60 only
OR
OR
3P
L90 only
D60 only
OR
L90 only
D60 only
OR
L90 only
837025AG.CDR
GE Multilin
5-219
5 SETTINGS
Latch
R
OR
Latch
R
0
OR S
AND
Latch
R S
Latch
AND R OR
AND XOR
AND
AND
TIMER
AND
0 20 ms
SETTING FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE I< A OPEN POLE BKR A OP SETTING Bkr Phase A Open = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE I< B OPEN POLE BKR B OP SETTING Bkr Phase B Open = Off FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE I< B OPEN POLE BKR B OP SETTING Bkr Phase B Open = Off SETTING Trip Reclose Input 1 = Off SETTING Trip Reclose Input 6 = Off SETTINGS Start Timer Z2Ph In1 = Off Start Timer Z2Ph In2 = Off Start Timer Z2Gr In1 = Off Start Timer Z2Gr In2 = Off From trip output logic sheet 1, 837025AG
OR AND OR AND OR
Trip Reset
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
ENABLED
837034A2.CDR
5-220
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
SYNCHROCHECK
SYNCHROCHECK 1
SYNCHK1 BLOCK: Off SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE: SRC 1 SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE: SRC 2 SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT DIFF: 10000 V SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE DIFF: 30 SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF: 1.00 Hz SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ HYSTERESIS: 0.06 Hz SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE SELECT: LV1 and DV2 SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 MAX VOLT: 0.30 pu SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 MIN VOLT: 0.70 pu SYNCHK1 TARGET: Self-reset SYNCHK1 EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: None, LV1 and DV2, DV1 and LV2, DV1 or DV2, DV1 Xor DV2, DV1 and DV2 Range: 0.00 to 1.25 pu in steps of 0.01
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The are two identical synchrocheck elements available, numbered 1 and 2. The synchronism check function is intended for supervising the paralleling of two parts of a system which are to be joined by the closure of a circuit breaker. The synchrocheck elements are typically used at locations where the two parts of the system are interconnected through at least one other point in the system. Synchrocheck verifies that the voltages (V1 and V2) on the two sides of the supervised circuit breaker are within set limits of magnitude, angle and frequency differences. The time that the two voltages remain within the admissible angle difference is determined by the setting of the phase angle difference and the frequency difference F (slip frequency). It can be defined as the time it would take the voltage phasor V1 or V2 to traverse an angle equal to 2 at a frequency equal to the frequency difference F. This time can be calculated by: 1 T = ------------------------------360 ----------------- F 2 where: = phase angle difference in degrees; F = frequency difference in Hz.
(EQ 5.25)
GE Multilin
5-221
5 SETTINGS
If one or both sources are de-energized, the synchrocheck programming can allow for closing of the circuit breaker using undervoltage control to by-pass the synchrocheck measurements (dead source function). SYNCHK1 V1 SOURCE: This setting selects the source for voltage V1 (see NOTES below). SYNCHK1 V2 SOURCE: This setting selects the source for voltage V2, which must not be the same as used for the V1 (see NOTES below). SYNCHK1 MAX VOLT DIFF: This setting selects the maximum primary voltage difference in volts between the two sources. A primary voltage magnitude difference between the two input voltages below this value is within the permissible limit for synchronism. SYNCHK1 MAX ANGLE DIFF: This setting selects the maximum angular difference in degrees between the two sources. An angular difference between the two input voltage phasors below this value is within the permissible limit for synchronism. SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF: This setting selects the maximum frequency difference in Hz between the two sources. A frequency difference between the two input voltage systems below this value is within the permissible limit for synchronism. SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ HYSTERESIS: This setting specifies the required hysteresis for the maximum frequency difference condition. The condition becomes satisfied when the frequency difference becomes lower than SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF. Once the Synchrocheck element has operated, the frequency difference must increase above the SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ DIFF + SYNCHK1 MAX FREQ HYSTERESIS sum to drop out (assuming the other two conditions, voltage and angle, remain satisfied). SYNCHK1 DEAD SOURCE SELECT: This setting selects the combination of dead and live sources that will by-pass synchronism check function and permit the breaker to be closed when one or both of the two voltages (V1 or/and V2) are below the maximum voltage threshold. A dead or live source is declared by monitoring the voltage level. Six options are available: None: LV1 and DV2: DV1 and LV2: DV1 or DV2: DV1 Xor DV2: DV1 and DV2: Dead Source function is disabled Live V1 and Dead V2 Dead V1 and Live V2 Dead V1 or Dead V2 Dead V1 exclusive-or Dead V2 (one source is Dead and the other is Live) Dead V1 and Dead V2
SYNCHK1 DEAD V1 MAX VOLT: This setting establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V1 in 1 pu. Below this magnitude, the V1 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered Dead or de-energized. SYNCHK1 DEAD V2 MAX VOLT: This setting establishes a maximum voltage magnitude for V2 in pu. Below this magnitude, the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered Dead or de-energized. SYNCHK1 LIVE V1 MIN VOLT: This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V1 in pu. Above this magnitude, the V1 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered Live or energized. SYNCHK1 LIVE V2 MIN VOLT: This setting establishes a minimum voltage magnitude for V2 in pu. Above this magnitude, the V2 voltage input used for synchrocheck will be considered Live or energized.
NOTES ON THE SYNCHROCHECK FUNCTION: 1. The selected sources for synchrocheck inputs V1 and V2 (which must not be the same source) may include both a three-phase and an auxiliary voltage. The relay will automatically select the specific voltages to be used by the synchrocheck element in accordance with the following table.
NO. V1 OR V2 (SOURCE Y) Phase VTs and Auxiliary VT Phase VTs and Auxiliary VT Phase VT V2 OR V1 (SOURCE Z) Phase VTs and Auxiliary VT Phase VT Phase VT AUTO-SELECTED COMBINATION SOURCE Y 1 2 3 Phase Phase Phase SOURCE Z Phase Phase Phase VAB VAB VAB AUTO-SELECTED VOLTAGE
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5 SETTINGS
NO. V1 OR V2 (SOURCE Y) Phase VT and Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT V2 OR V1 (SOURCE Z) Auxiliary VT Auxiliary VT AUTO-SELECTED COMBINATION SOURCE Y 4 5 Phase Auxiliary SOURCE Z Auxiliary Auxiliary
V auxiliary (as set for Source z) V auxiliary (as set for selected sources)
The voltages V1 and V2 will be matched automatically so that the corresponding voltages from the two sources will be used to measure conditions. A phase to phase voltage will be used if available in both sources; if one or both of the Sources have only an auxiliary voltage, this voltage will be used. For example, if an auxiliary voltage is programmed to VAG, the synchrocheck element will automatically select VAG from the other source. If the comparison is required on a specific voltage, the user can externally connect that specific voltage to auxiliary voltage terminals and then use this "Auxiliary Voltage" to check the synchronism conditions. If using a single CT/VT module with both phase voltages and an auxiliary voltage, ensure that only the auxiliary voltage is programmed in one of the sources to be used for synchrocheck. Exception: Synchronism cannot be checked between Delta connected phase VTs and a Wye connected auxiliary voltage.
NOTE
2.
The relay measures frequency and Volts/Hz from an input on a given source with priorities as established by the configuration of input channels to the source. The relay will use the phase channel of a three-phase set of voltages if programmed as part of that source. The relay will use the auxiliary voltage channel only if that channel is programmed as part of the Source and a three-phase set is not.
GE Multilin
5-223
5 SETTINGS
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SYNC1 V2 ABOVE MIN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SYNC1 V1 ABOVE MIN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SYNC1 DEAD S OP SYNC1 DEAD S DPO FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SYNC1 CLS OP SYNC1 CLS DPO
SETTING Dead Source Select None LV1 and DV2 DV1 and LV2 DV1 or DV2 DV1 xor DV2 DV1 and DV2 SETTING Dead V1 Max Volt V1 Maximum
XOR
AND
OR
OR
AND
AND
V2 Maximum
OR
AND
AND
Calculate I V1 V2 I = V
V Maximum
AND
Calculate I 1 2 I =
Maximum
SYNCHROCHECK 1
Calculate I F1 F2 I = F
F Maximum
ACTUAL VALUE Synchrocheck 1 V Synchrocheck 1
Synchrocheck 1 F
827076AB.CDR
5-224
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
AUTORECLOSE
AUTORECLOSE
AR FUNCTION: Disabled
MESSAGE
AR MODE: 1 & 3 Pole AR MAX NUMBER OF SHOTS: 2 AR INITIATE MODE: Protection AND CB AR BLOCK BKR1: Off AR CLOSE TIME BKR 1: 0.10 s AR BKR MAN CLOSE: Off AR BLK TIME UPON MAN CLS: 10.00 s AR 1P INIT: Off AR 3P INIT: Off AR 3P TD INIT: Off AR MULTI-P FAULT: Off BKR ONE POLE OPEN: Off BKR 3 POLE OPEN: Off AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1: 0.50 s AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2: 1.20 s AR 3-P DEAD TIME 3: 2.00 s AR 3-P DEAD TIME 4: 4.00 s AR EXTEND DEAD T 1: Off AR DEAD TIME 1 EXTENSION: 0.50 s AR RESET: Off
Range: 1, 2, 3, 4
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5
Range: FlexLogic operand Range: FlexLogic operand
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GE Multilin
5-225
5.7 CONTROL ELEMENTS AR RESET TIME: 60.00 s AR BKR CLOSED: Off AR BLOCK: Off AR PAUSE: Off AR INCOMPLETE SEQ TIME: 5.00 s AR BLOCK BKR2: Off AR CLOSE TIME BKR2: 0.10 s AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2: No AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: No AR BKR1 FAIL OPTION: Continue AR BKR2 FAIL OPTION: Continue AR 1-P DEAD TIME: 1.00 s AR BKR SEQUENCE: 1-2 AR TRANSFER TIME: 4.00 s AR BUS FLT INIT: Off AR EVENT: Disabled
Range: 0 to 655.35 s in steps of 0.01
5 SETTINGS
MESSAGE
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Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Range: Yes, No
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5
MESSAGE MESSAGE
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MESSAGE
The autoreclose scheme is intended for use on transmission lines with circuit breakers operated in both the single pole and three pole modes, in one or two breaker arrangements. The autoreclose scheme provides four programs with different operating cycles, depending on the fault type. Each of the four programs can be set to trigger up to four reclosing attempts. The second, third, and fourth attempts always perform three-pole reclosing and have independent dead time delays. When used in two breaker applications, the reclosing sequence is selectable. The reclose signal can be sent to one selected breaker only, to both breakers simultaneously or to both breakers in sequence (one breaker first and then, after a delay to check that the reclose was successful, to the second breaker). When reclosing in sequence, the first breaker should reclose with either the single-pole or three-pole dead time according to the fault type and reclose mode; the second breaker should follow the successful reclosure of the first breaker. When reclosing simultaneously, for the first shot both breakers should reclose with either the single-pole or three-pole dead time, according to the fault type and the reclose mode. The signal used to initiate the autoreclose scheme is the trip output from protection. This signal can be single pole tripping for single phase faults and three phase tripping for multi-phase faults. The autoreclose scheme has five operating states.
5-226
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
CHARACTERISTICS Scheme is permitted to operate Scheme is not permitted to operate Scheme is permitted to operate and shot count is reset to 0 Scheme has been initiated but the reclose cycle is not finished (successful or not) Scheme is not permitted to operate until reset received
AR PROGRAMS: The autorecloser provides four programs that can cause from one to four reclose attempts (shots). After the first shot, all subsequent recloses will always be three-pole. If the maximum number of shots selected is 1 (only one reclose attempt) and the fault is persistent, after the first reclose the scheme will go to lockout upon another Initiate signal. For the 3-pole reclose programs (modes 3 and 4), an AR FORCE 3-P FlexLogic operand is set. This operand can be used in connection with the tripping logic to cause a three-pole trip for single-phase faults. Table 523: AUTORECLOSE PROGRAMS
MODE AR MODE FIRST SHOT SINGLEPHASE FAULT 1 2 3 4 1 & 3 POLE 1 POLE 3 POLE-A 3 POLE-B 1 POLE 1 POLE 3 POLE 3 POLE MULTIPHASE FAULT 3 POLE LO LO 3 POLE SECOND SHOT SINGLEPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO MULTIPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO LO 3 POLE or LO THIRD SHOT SINGLEPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO MULTIPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO LO 3 POLE or LO FOURTH SHOT SINGLEPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO MULTIPHASE FAULT 3 POLE or LO 3 POLE or LO LO 3 POLE or LO
The four autoreclose modes are described below: 1. 1 & 3 Pole: In this mode, the autorecloser starts the AR 1-P DEAD TIME timer for the first shot if the autoreclose is single-phase initiated, the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 timer if the autoreclose is three-pole initiated, and the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 timer if the autoreclose is three-phase time delay initiated. If two or more shots are enabled, the second, third, and fourth shots are always three-pole and start the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2(4) timers. 1 Pole: In this mode, the autorecloser starts the AR 1-P DEAD TIME for the first shot if the fault is single phase. If the fault is three-phase or a three-pole trip on the breaker occurred during the single-pole initiation, the scheme goes to lockout without reclosing. If two or more shots are enabled, the second, third, and fourth shots are always three-pole and start the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2(4) timers. 3 Pole-A: In this mode, the autorecloser is initiated only for single phase faults, although the trip is three pole. The autorecloser uses the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 for the first shot if the fault is single phase. If the fault is multi phase the scheme will go to Lockout without reclosing. If two or more shots are enabled, the second, third, and fourth shots are always three-phase and start the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2(4) timers. 3 Pole-B: In this mode, the autorecloser is initiated for any type of fault and starts the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 for the first shot. If the initiating signal is AR 3P TD INIT the scheme starts AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 for the first shot. If two or more shots are enabled, the second, third, and fourth shots are always three-phase and start the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2(4) timers.
2.
3.
4.
BASIC RECLOSING OPERATION: Reclosing operation is determined primarily by the AR MODE and AR BKR SEQUENCE settings. The reclosing sequences are started by the initiate inputs. A reclose initiate signal will send the scheme into the reclose-in-progress (RIP) state, asserting the AR RIP FlexLogic operand. The scheme is latched into the RIP state and resets only when an AR CLS BKR 1 (autoreclose breaker 1) or AR CLS BKR 2 (autoreclose breaker 2) operand is generated or the scheme goes to the Lockout state.
3-P DEAD TIME 2
The dead time for the initial reclose operation will be determined by either the AR 1-P DEAD TIME, AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1, or AR setting, depending on the fault type and the mode selected. After the dead time interval the scheme will assert the AR CLOSE BKR 1 or AR CLOSE BKR 2 operands, as determined by the sequence selected. These operands are latched until the breaker closes or the scheme goes to Reset or Lockout.
GE Multilin
5-227
5 SETTINGS
There are three initiate programs: single pole initiate, three pole initiate and three pole, time delay initiate. Any of these reclose initiate signals will start the reclose cycle and set the reclose-in-progress (AR RIP) operand. The reclose-in-progress operand is sealed-in until the Lockout or Reset signal appears. The three-pole initiate and three-pole time delay initiate signals are latched until the CLOSE BKR1 OR BKR2 or Lockout or Reset signal appears. AR PAUSE: The pause input offers the possibility of freezing the autoreclose cycle until the pause signal disappears. This may be done when a trip occurs and simultaneously or previously, some conditions are detected such as out-of step or loss of guard frequency, or a remote transfer trip signal is received. The pause signal blocks all three dead timers. When the pause signal disappears the autoreclose cycle is resumed by initiating AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2. This feature can be also used when a transformer is tapped from the protected line and a reclose is not desirable until the transformer is removed from the line. In this case, the reclose scheme is paused until the transformer is disconnected. The AR PAUSE input will force a three-pole trip through the 3-P DEADTIME 2 path. EVOLVING FAULTS: 1.25 cycles after the single pole dead time has been initiated, the AR FORCE 3P TRIP operand is set and it will be reset only when the scheme is reset or goes to Lockout. This will ensure that when a fault on one phase evolves to include another phase during the single pole dead time of the auto-recloser the scheme will force a 3 pole trip and reclose. RECLOSING SCHEME OPERATION FOR ONE BREAKER: Permanent Fault: Consider Mode 1, which calls for 1-Pole or 3-Pole Time Delay 1 for the first reclosure and 3-Pole Time Delay 2 for the second reclosure, and assume a permanent fault on the line. Also assume the scheme is in the Reset state. For the first single-phase fault the AR 1-P DEAD TIME timer will be started, while for the first multi-phase fault the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1 timer will be started. If the AR 3P TD INIT signal is high, the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 will be started for the first shot. If AR MAX NO OF SHOTS is set to 1, upon the first reclose the shot counter is set to 1. Upon reclosing, the fault is again detected by protection and reclose is initiated. The breaker is tripped three-pole through the AR SHOT COUNT >0 operand that will set the AR FORCE 3P operand. Because the shot counter has reached the maximum number of shots permitted the scheme is sent to the Lockout state. If AR MAX NO OF SHOTS is set to 2, upon the first reclose the shot counter is set to 1. Upon reclosing, the fault is again detected by protection and reclose is initiated. The breaker is tripped three-pole through the AR SHOT COUNT >0 operand that will set the AR FORCE 3P operand. After the second reclose the shot counter is set to 2. Upon reclosing, the fault is again detected by protection, the breaker is tripped three-pole, and reclose is initiated again. Because the shot counter has reached the maximum number of shots permitted the scheme is sent to the lockout state. Transient Fault: When a reclose output signal is sent to close the breaker the reset timer is started. If the reclosure sequence is successful (there is no initiating signal and the breaker is closed) the reset timer will time out returning the scheme to the reset state with the shot counter set to "0" making it ready for a new reclose cycle.
RECLOSING SCHEME OPERATION FOR TWO BREAKERS: Permanent Fault: The general method of operation is the same as that outlined for the one breaker applications except for the following description, which assumes AR BKR SEQUENCE is 1-2 (reclose Breaker 1 before Breaker 2) The signal output from the dead time timers passes through the breaker selection logic to initiate reclosing of Breaker 1. The Close Breaker 1 signal will initiate the Transfer Timer. After the reclose of the first breaker the fault is again detected by the protection, the breaker is tripped three pole and the autoreclose scheme is initiated. The Initiate signal will stop the transfer timer. After the 3-P dead time times out the Close Breaker 1 signal will close first breaker again and will start the transfer timer. Since the fault is permanent the protection will trip again initiating the autoreclose scheme that will be sent to Lockout by the SHOT COUNT = MAX signal. Transient Fault: When the first reclose output signal is sent to close Breaker 1, the reset timer is started. The close Breaker 1 signal initiates the transfer timer that times out and sends the close signal to the second breaker. If the reclosure sequence is successful (both breakers closed and there is no initiating signal) the reset timer will time out, returning the scheme to the reset state with the shot counter set to 0. The scheme will be ready for a new reclose cycle.
5-228
GE Multilin
If the selected sequence is 12 or 21 and after the first or second reclose attempt the breaker fails to close, there are two options. If the AR BKR 1(2) FAIL OPTION is set to Lockout, the scheme will go to lockout state. If the AR BKR 1(2) FAIL OPTION is set to Continue, the reclose process will continue with Breaker 2. At the same time the shot counter will be decreased (since the closing process was not completed). SCHEME RESET AFTER RECLOSURE: When a reclose output signal is sent to close either breaker 1 or 2 the reset timer is started. If the reclosure sequence is successful (there is no initiating signal and the breakers are closed) the reset timer will time out, returning the scheme to the reset state, with the shot counter set to 0, making it ready for a new reclose cycle. In two breaker schemes, if one breaker is in the out-of-service state and the other is closed at the end of the reset time, the scheme will also reset. If at the end of the reset time at least one breaker, which is not in the out-of-service state, is open the scheme will be sent to Lockout. The reset timer is stopped if the reclosure sequence is not successful: an initiating signal present or the scheme is in Lockout state. The reset timer is also stopped if the breaker is manually closed or the scheme is otherwise reset from lockout. LOCKOUT: When a reclose sequence is started by an initiate signal the scheme moves into the reclose-in-progress state and starts the incomplete sequence timer. The setting of this timer determines the maximum time interval allowed for a single reclose shot. If a close breaker 1 or 2 signal is not present before this time expires, the scheme goes to Lockout. There are four other conditions that can take the scheme to the Lockout state, as shown below: Receipt of Block input while in the reclose-in-progress state The reclosing program logic: when a 3P Initiate is present and the autoreclose mode is either 1 Pole or 3Pole-A (3 pole autoreclose for single pole faults only) Initiation of the scheme when the count is at the maximum allowed If at the end of the reset time at least one breaker, which is not in the out-of-service state, is open the scheme will be sent to Lockout. The scheme will be also sent to Lockout if one breaker fails to reclose and the setting AR BKR FAIL OPTION is set to Lockout.
Once the Lockout state is set it will be latched until one or more of the following occurs: The scheme is intentionally reset from Lockout, employing the Reset setting of the Autorecloser;
CLOSE
The Breaker(s) is(are) manually closed from panel switch, SCADA or other remote control through the AR BRK MAN setting;
BREAKER OPEN BEFORE FAULT: A logic circuit is provided that inhibits the close breaker 1 and close breaker 2 outputs if a reclose initiate (RIP) indicator is not present within 30 ms of the Breaker Any Phase Open input. This feature is intended to prevent reclosing if one of the breakers was open in advance of a reclose initiate input to the recloser. This logic circuit resets when the breaker is closed. TRANSFER RECLOSE WHEN BREAKER IS BLOCKED: 1. When the reclosing sequence 1-2 is selected and Breaker 1 is blocked (AR BKR1 BLK operand is set) the reclose signal can be transferred direct to the Breaker 2 if AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2 is set to Yes. If set to No, the scheme will be sent to Lockout by the incomplete sequence timer. When the reclosing sequence 2-1 is selected and Breaker 2 is blocked (AR BKR2 BLK operand is set) the reclose signal can be transferred direct to the Breaker 1 if AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1 is set to Yes. If set to No the scheme will be sent to Lockout by the incomplete sequence timer.
2.
FORCE 3-POLE TRIPPING: The reclosing scheme contains logic that is used to signal trip logic that three-pole tripping is required for certain conditions. This signal is activated by any of the following: Autoreclose scheme is paused after it was initiated. Autoreclose scheme is in the lockout state.
GE Multilin
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5 SETTINGS
The shot counter is not at 0; that is, the scheme is not in the reset state. This ensures a second trip will be three-pole when reclosing onto a permanent single phase fault. 1.25 cycles after the single-pole reclose is initiated by the AR 1P INIT signal.
ZONE 1 EXTENT: The zone 1 extension philosophy here is to apply an overreaching zone permanently as long as the relay is ready to reclose, and reduce the reach when reclosing. Another zone 1 extension approach is to operate normally from an underreaching zone, and use an overreaching distance zone when reclosing the line with the other line end open. This philosophy could be programmed via the line pickup scheme. The Extended Zone 1" is 0 when autoreclose is in lockout or disabled and 1 when autoreclose is in reset. 1. 2. 3. When "Extended Zone 1" is 0, the distance functions shall be set to normal underreach Zone 1 setting. When "Extended Zone 1" is 1, the distance functions may be set to Extended Zone 1 Reach, which is an overreaching setting. During a reclose cycle, "Extended Zone 1" goes to 0 as soon as the first CLOSE BREAKER signal is issued (AR SHOT
COUNT > 0) and remains 0 until the recloser goes back to reset.
USE OF SETTINGS: The single-phase autoreclose settings are described below. AR MODE: This setting selects the Autoreclose operating mode, which functions in conjunction with signals received at the initiation inputs as described previously. AR MAX NUMBER OF SHOTS: This setting specifies the number of reclosures that can be attempted before reclosure goes to lockout when the fault is permanent. AR INITIATE MODE: This setting selects the autoreclose initiation mode. When selected as Protection AND CB, the autoreclose element will be initiated by protection operation and will begin incrementing the autoreclose dead time timer when a circuit breaker is open. Breaker status is determined from breaker auxiliary contacts which should be correctly configured in breaker settings. In Protection only initiation mode, the autoreclose element will be initiated by protection operation and will begin incrementing the dead time when protection resets, without the need of breaker auxiliary contacts. AR BLOCK BKR1: This input selects an operand that will block the reclose command for breaker 1. This condition can be for example: breaker low air pressure, reclose in progress on another line (for the central breaker in a breaker and a half arrangement), or a sum of conditions combined in FlexLogic. AR CLOSE TIME BKR1:This setting represents the closing time for the breaker 1 from the moment the Close command is sent to the moment the contacts are closed. AR BKR MAN CLOSE: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand that represents manual close command to a breaker associated with the autoreclose scheme. AR BLK TIME UPON MAN CLS: The autoreclose scheme can be disabled for a programmable time delay after an associated circuit breaker is manually commanded to close, preventing reclosing onto an existing fault such as grounds on the line. This delay must be longer than the slowest expected trip from any protection not blocked after manual closing. If the autoreclose scheme is not initiated after a manual close and this time expires the autoreclose scheme is set to the reset state. AR 1P INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand that is intended to initiate single-pole autoreclosure. AR 3P INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand that is intended to initiate three-pole autoreclosure, first timer (AR 3P DEAD TIME 1) that can be used for a high-speed autoreclosure. AR 3P TD INIT: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand intended to initiate three-pole autoreclosure. second timer (AR 3P DEAD TIME 2) can be used for a time-delay autoreclosure. AR MULTI-P FAULT: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand that indicates a multi-phase fault. The operand value should be zero for single-phase to ground faults. BKR ONE POLE OPEN: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand which indicates that the breaker has opened correctly following a single phase to ground fault and the autoreclose scheme can start timing the single pole dead time (for 1-2 reclose sequence for example, breaker 1 should trip single pole and breaker 2 should trip 3 pole).
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GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS The scheme has a pre-wired input that indicates breaker status.
BKR 3 POLE OPEN: This setting selects a FlexLogic operand which indicates that the breaker has opened three pole and the autoreclose scheme can start timing the three pole dead time. The scheme has a pre-wired input that indicates breaker status. AR 3-P DEAD TIME 1: This is the dead time following the first three pole trip. This intentional delay can be used for a high-speed three-pole autoreclose. However, it should be set longer than the estimated de-ionizing time following the three-pole trip. AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2: This is the dead time following the second three-pole trip or initiated by the AR 3P TD INIT input. This intentional delay is typically used for a time delayed three-pole autoreclose (as opposed to high speed three-pole autoreclose). AR 3-P DEAD TIME 3: This setting represents the dead time following the third three-pole trip. AR 3-P DEAD TIME 4: This setting represents the dead time following the third three-pole trip. AR EXTEND DEAD T 1: This setting selects an operand that will adapt the duration of the dead time for the first shot to the possibility of non-simultaneous tripping at the two line ends. Typically this is the operand set when the communication channel is out of service AR DEAD TIME 1 EXTENSION: This timer is used to set the length of the dead time 1 extension for possible nonsimultaneous tripping of the two ends of the line. AR RESET: This setting selects the operand that forces the autoreclose scheme from any state to reset. Typically this is a manual reset from lockout, local or remote. AR RESET TIME: A reset timer output resets the recloser following a successful reclosure sequence. The setting is based on the breaker time which is the minimum time required between successive reclose sequences. AR BKR CLOSED: This setting selects an operand that indicates that the breakers are closed at the end of the reset time and the scheme can reset. AR BLOCK: This setting selects the operand that blocks the autoreclose scheme (it can be a sum of conditions such as: time delayed tripping, breaker failure, bus differential protection, etc.). If the block signal is present before autoreclose scheme initiation the AR DISABLED FlexLogic operand will be set. If the block signal occurs when the scheme is in the RIP state the scheme will be sent to lockout. AR PAUSE: The pause input offers the ability to freeze the autoreclose cycle until the pause signal disappears. This may be done when a trip occurs and simultaneously or previously, some conditions are detected such as out-of step or loss of guard frequency, or a remote transfer trip signal is received. When the pause signal disappears the autoreclose cycle is resumed. This feature can also be used when a transformer is tapped from the protected line and a reclose is not desirable until the it is disconnected from the line. In this situation, the reclose scheme is paused until the transformer is disconnected. AR INCOMPLETE SEQ TIME: This timer is used to set the maximum time interval allowed for a single reclose shot. It is started whenever a reclosure is initiated and is active until the CLOSE BKR1 or CLOSE BKR2 signal is sent. If all conditions allowing a breaker closure are not satisfied when this time expires, the scheme goes to Lockout. The minimum permissible setting is established by the AR 3-P DEAD TIME 2 timer setting. Settings beyond this will determine the wait time for the breaker to open so that the reclose cycle can continue and/or for the AR PAUSE signal to reset and allow the reclose cycle to continue and/or for the AR BKR1 BLK signal to disappear and allow the AR CLOSE BKR1 signal to be sent. AR BLOCK BKR2: This input selects an operand that will block the reclose command for breaker 2. This condition can be for example: breaker low air pressure, reclose in progress on another line (for the central breaker in a breaker and a half arrangement), or a sum of conditions combined in FlexLogic. AR CLOSE TIME BKR2: This setting represents the closing time for the breaker 2 from the moment the Close command is sent to the moment the contacts are closed. AR TRANSFER 1 TO 2: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 1-2 and breaker 1 is blocked. When set to Yes the closing command will be transferred direct to breaker 2 without waiting the transfer time. When set to No the closing command will be blocked by the AR BKR1 BLK signal and the scheme will be sent to lockout by the incomplete sequence timer. AR TRANSFER 2 TO 1: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 2-1 and breaker 2 is blocked. When set to Yes the closing command will be transferred direct to breaker 1 without waiting
GE Multilin
5-231
5 SETTINGS
the transfer time. When set to No, the closing command will be blocked by the AR BKR2 BLK signal and the scheme will be sent to lockout by the incomplete sequence timer. AR BKR1 FAIL OPTION: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 12 and Breaker 1 has failed to close. When set to Continue the closing command will be transferred to breaker 2 which will continue the reclosing cycle until successful (the scheme will reset) or unsuccessful (the scheme will go to Lockout). When set to Lockout the scheme will go to lockout without attempting to reclose breaker 2. AR BKR2 FAIL OPTION: This setting establishes how the scheme performs when the breaker closing sequence is 21 and Breaker 2 has failed to close. When set to Continue the closing command will be transferred to breaker 1 which will continue the reclosing cycle until successful (the scheme will reset) or unsuccessful (the scheme will go to Lockout). When set to Lockout the scheme will go to lockout without attempting to reclose breaker 1. AR 1-P DEAD TIME: Set this intentional delay longer than the estimated de-ionizing time after the first single-pole trip. AR BREAKER SEQUENCE: This setting selects the breakers reclose sequence: Select 1 for reclose breaker 1 only, 2 for reclose breaker 2 only, 1&2 for reclose both breakers simultaneously, 1-2 for reclose breakers sequentially; Breaker 1 first, and 2-1 for reclose breakers sequentially; Breaker 2 first. AR TRANSFER TIME: The transfer time is used only for breaker closing sequence 1-2 or 2-1, when the two breakers are reclosed sequentially. The transfer timer is initiated by a close signal to the first breaker. The transfer timer transfers the reclose signal from the breaker selected to close first to the second breaker. The time delay setting is based on the maximum time interval between the autoreclose signal and the protection trip contact closure assuming a permanent fault (unsuccessful reclose). Therefore, the minimum setting is equal to the maximum breaker closing time plus the maximum line protection operating time plus a suitable margin. This setting will prevent the autoreclose scheme from transferring the close signal to the second breaker unless a successful reclose of the first breaker occurs. AR BUS FLT INIT: This setting is used in breaker-and-a-half applications to allow the autoreclose control function to perform reclosing with only one breaker previously opened by bus protection. For line faults, both breakers must open for the autoreclose reclosing cycles to take effect.
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5 SETTINGS
SETTING Function Enabled = 1 Block Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP OP SETTING Breaker Manual Close Off = 0 from autoreclose logic sheet 3
OR AND OR AND
EVOLVING FAULT
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR ENABLED AR DISABLED
AR INITIATE
S
Latch
R
SETTING 1-P Init Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP 1 POLE SETTING 3-P Init Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP AR INIT 3 POLE SETTING 3-P TD Init Off = 0 SETTING Bkr 1 Pole Open Off = 0 from autoreclose logic sheet 3
OR AND OR OR AND OR OR OR AND OR AND
OR
OR
AND
Latch
R
SETTING
OR
AND
OR
AND
AND
OR
AND
SHOT COUNT = 1
0
CLOSE
OR
AND
Latch
OR
R
5
0 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR 3P/2 RIP AR 3P/3 RIP AR 3P/4 RIP
from sheet 2
SHOT COUNT = 2
SETTING 3-P Dead Time 4 Latch
OR R OR AND AND
AND
from sheet 2
SHOT COUNT = 3
from autoreclose logic sheet 2
AND OR
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND AR LO
TIMER 0 5 ms
OR AND
AND
OR
RESET
AND OR
TIMER 10 s 0
AND OR OR
BKR CLOSED
SETTING Reset Off = 0
PROTECTION & CB
827089AR.CDR
GE Multilin
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30 ms TIMER
AND
AND
OR
Off = 0
PROTECTION & CB
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OPEN POLE OP 2 ms
OR
SETTING Transfer 1 to 2
AND
2 ms
No = 0
AND AND S
Continue = 0
To sheet 3
LOCKOUT
OR
OR
Lockout
AND AND
SETTING Max Number of Shots Increment shout count Decrement shout count Reset count
ACTUAL VALUES AR SHOT COUNT: 4 AR SHOT COUNT: 3 AR SHOT COUNT: 2 AR SHOT COUNT: 1 AR SHOT COUNT: 0
=4 =3 =2 =1 =0 = maximum
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR SHOT CNT = 4 AR SHOT CNT = 3 AR SHOT CNT = 2 AR SHOT CNT = 1
OR
from sheet 1
OR AND S
AR INITIATE
Latch 0
AND OR OR R
to Lockout
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND AR LO
AND
from sheet 1
CLOSE
Lockout
AND AND AND AND AND
AND
SETTING Transfer 2 to 1
No = 0
Continue = 0
AND
2 ms from sheet 3
Off = 0
BKR CLOSED
OR
30 ms TIMER
AND
AND
RESET
AND
OR
0
OR
Off = 0
from sheet 1
RESET
5 SETTINGS
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
From sheet 2
BKR 1 MNL OPEN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 1 OOS FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 2 OOS OR BKR 2 MNL OPEN 1 2 1&2 1-2 2-1 OR
From sheet 2
OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 1 MNL CLS BKR MANUAL CLOSE (To sheet 1) AND
OR
AND
AND
AND OR OR
5
BKR CLOSED (To sheet 1 and 2)
AND
AND
AND
AND OR AND
AND
AND FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 1 ONE P OPEN FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BREAKER 2 ONE P OPEN OR AND AND
OR
AND
OR
OR OR
AND
OR
AND
827833AA.CDR
GE Multilin
5-235
5-236
1ST SHOT T PROT T TRIP BKR T PROT RESET T R I P 2ND SHOT R E S E T 1-P DEAD TIME 1.25 cycle T CLOSE BKR1 T CLOSE BKR1 RESET TIME T TRIP BKR T PROT 3-P/2 DEAD TIME T PROT RESET TRANSFER TIME T CLOSE BKR2 842703A4.CDR
F A U L T
AR 1P INIT
PREFAULT
AR RIP
AR 1-P RIP
AR FORCE 3P TRIP
CLOSE
AR CLOSE BKR1
AR RESET TIME
BREAKER 1 CLOSED
AR 3P INIT
AR 3P/2 RIP
BREAKER 2 CLOSED
AR CLOSE BKR2
AR TRANSFER TIME
5 SETTINGS
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
DIGITAL ELEMENTS
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1
DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 FUNCTION: Disabled DIG ELEM 1 NAME: Dig Element 1 DIG ELEM Off DIG ELEM DELAY: DIG ELEM DELAY: 1 INPUT: 1 PICKUP 0.000 s 1 RESET 0.000 s
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There are 48 identical digital elements available, numbered 1 to 48. A digital element can monitor any FlexLogic operand and present a target message and/or enable events recording depending on the output operand state. The digital element settings include a name which will be referenced in any target message, a blocking input from any selected FlexLogic operand, and a timer for pickup and reset delays for the output operand. DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 INPUT: Selects a FlexLogic operand to be monitored by the digital element. DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 PICKUP DELAY: Sets the time delay to pickup. If a pickup delay is not required, set to "0". DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 RESET DELAY: Sets the time delay to reset. If a reset delay is not required, set to 0. DIGITAL ELEMENT 1 PICKUP LED: This setting enables or disabled the digital element pickup LED. When set to Disabled, the operation of the pickup LED is blocked.
SETTING DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 INPUT: Off = 0 SETTING DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 BLOCK: Off = 0
AND
SETTINGS DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 PICKUP DELAY: DIGITAL ELEMENT 01 RESET DELAY: tPKP tRST
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DIG ELEM 01 DPO DIG ELEM 01 PKP DIG ELEM 01 OP
827042A1.VSD
Figure 5132: DIGITAL ELEMENT SCHEME LOGIC CIRCUIT MONITORING APPLICATIONS: Some versions of the digital input modules include an active voltage monitor circuit connected across form-A contacts. The voltage monitor circuit limits the trickle current through the output circuit (see technical specifications for form-A).
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5 SETTINGS
As long as the current through the voltage monitor is above a threshold (see technical specifications for form-A), the Cont Op 1 VOn FlexLogic operand will be set (for contact input 1 corresponding operands exist for each contact output). If the output circuit has a high resistance or the DC current is interrupted, the trickle current will drop below the threshold and the Cont Op 1 VOff FlexLogic operand will be set. Consequently, the state of these operands can be used as indicators of the integrity of the circuits in which form-A contacts are inserted. EXAMPLE 1: BREAKER TRIP CIRCUIT INTEGRITY MONITORING In many applications it is desired to monitor the breaker trip circuit integrity so problems can be detected before a trip operation is required. The circuit is considered to be healthy when the voltage monitor connected across the trip output contact detects a low level of current, well below the operating current of the breaker trip coil. If the circuit presents a high resistance, the trickle current will fall below the monitor threshold and an alarm would be declared. In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact which is open when the breaker is open (see diagram below). To prevent unwanted alarms in this situation, the trip circuit monitoring logic must include the breaker position.
UR-series device with form-A contacts
H1a
I
H1b
V
DC DC+
H1c
52a
Trip coil
827073A2.CDR
Figure 5133: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 1 Assume the output contact H1 is a trip contact. Using the contact output settings, this output will be given an ID name; for example, Cont Op 1". Assume a 52a breaker auxiliary contact is connected to contact input H7a to monitor breaker status. Using the contact input settings, this input will be given an ID name, for example, Cont Ip 1", and will be set On when the breaker is closed. The settings to use digital element 1 to monitor the breaker trip circuit are indicated below (EnerVista UR Setup example shown):
The PICKUP DELAY setting should be greater than the operating time of the breaker to avoid nuisance alarms.
NOTE
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If it is required to monitor the trip circuit continuously, independent of the breaker position (open or closed), a method to maintain the monitoring current flow through the trip circuit when the breaker is open must be provided (as shown in the figure below). This can be achieved by connecting a suitable resistor (see figure below) across the auxiliary contact in the trip circuit. In this case, it is not required to supervise the monitoring circuit with the breaker position the BLOCK setting is selected to Off. In this case, the settings are as follows (EnerVista UR Setup example shown).
H1a
I
5
Power 2W 2W 2W 5W 5W 5W
827074A3.CDR
Power supply 24 V DC
H1b
V
DC DC+
H1c
Trip coil
Figure 5134: TRIP CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 2 The wiring connection for two examples above is applicable to both form-A contacts with voltage monitoring and solid-state contact with voltage monitoring.
NOTE
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PATH: SETTINGS
CONTROL ELEMENTS
DIGITAL COUNTERS
COUNTER 1
COUNTER 1 NAME: Counter 1 COUNTER 1 UNITS: COUNTER 1 PRESET: 0 COUNTER 1 COMPARE: 0 COUNTER 1 UP: Off COUNTER 1 DOWN: Off COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Off CNT1 SET TO PRESET: Off COUNTER 1 RESET: Off COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Off COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Off
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There are 8 identical digital counters, numbered from 1 to 8. A digital counter counts the number of state transitions from Logic 0 to Logic 1. The counter is used to count operations such as the pickups of an element, the changes of state of an external contact (e.g. breaker auxiliary switch), or pulses from a watt-hour meter. COUNTER 1 UNITS: Assigns a label to identify the unit of measure pertaining to the digital transitions to be counted. The units label will appear in the corresponding actual values status. COUNTER 1 PRESET: Sets the count to a required preset value before counting operations begin, as in the case where a substitute relay is to be installed in place of an in-service relay, or while the counter is running. COUNTER 1 COMPARE: Sets the value to which the accumulated count value is compared. Three FlexLogic output operands are provided to indicate if the present value is more than (HI), equal to (EQL), or less than (LO) the set value. COUNTER 1 UP: Selects the FlexLogic operand for incrementing the counter. If an enabled UP input is received when the accumulated value is at the limit of +2,147,483,647 counts, the counter will rollover to 2,147,483,648. COUNTER 1 DOWN: Selects the FlexLogic operand for decrementing the counter. If an enabled DOWN input is received when the accumulated value is at the limit of 2,147,483,648 counts, the counter will rollover to +2,147,483,647. COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Selects the FlexLogic operand for blocking the counting operation. All counter operands are blocked.
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5 SETTINGS
CNT1 SET TO PRESET: Selects the FlexLogic operand used to set the count to the preset value. The counter will be set to the preset value in the following situations: 1. 2. 3. When the counter is enabled and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 1 (when the counter is enabled and CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand is 0, the counter will be set to 0).
PRESET
When the counter is running and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand changes the state from 0 to 1 (CNT1 SET TO changing from 1 to 0 while the counter is running has no effect on the count).
When a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 1 (when a reset or reset/freeze command is sent to the counter and the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand has the value 0, the counter will be set to 0).
COUNTER 1 RESET: Selects the FlexLogic operand for setting the count to either 0 or the preset value depending on the state of the CNT1 SET TO PRESET operand. COUNTER 1 FREEZE/RESET: Selects the FlexLogic operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a separate register with the date and time of the operation, and resetting the count to 0. COUNTER 1 FREEZE/COUNT: Selects the FlexLogic operand for capturing (freezing) the accumulated count value into a separate register with the date and time of the operation, and continuing counting. The present accumulated value and captured frozen value with the associated date/time stamp are available as actual values. If control power is interrupted, the accumulated and frozen values are saved into non-volatile memory during the power down operation.
SETTING
COUNTER 1 FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1
SETTING
COUNTER 1 UP: Off = 0
AND
5
SETTING
COUNTER 1 COMPARE: Count more than Comp. Count equal to Comp. Count less than Comp.
SETTING
COUNTER 1 DOWN: Off = 0
CALCULATE VALUE
SETTING
COUNTER 1 BLOCK: Off = 0 SET TO PRESET VALUE SET TO ZERO
SETTING
CNT 1 SET TO PRESET: Off = 0
ACTUAL VALUE
COUNTER 1 ACCUM:
AND AND OR
ACTUAL VALUES
COUNTER 1 FROZEN: STORE DATE & TIME Date & Time
SETTING
COUNTER 1 RESET: Off = 0
SETTING
COUNT1 FREEZE/RESET: Off = 0
OR
827065A1.VSD
SETTING
COUNT1 FREEZE/COUNT: Off = 0
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a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS MONITORING ELEMENTS
MONITORING ELEMENTS
MESSAGE
BREAKER 1 ARCING CURRENT BREAKER 2 ARCING CURRENT BREAKER FLASHOVER 1 BREAKER FLASHOVER 2 VT FUSE FAILURE 1 VT FUSE FAILURE 2 VT FUSE FAILURE 3 VT FUSE FAILURE 4 OPEN POLE
See below. See below. See page 5245. See page 5245. See page 5249. See page 5249. See page 5249. See page 5249. See page 5250.
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5
PATH: SETTINGS
MESSAGE
BKR 1 ARC AMP FUNCTION: Disabled BKR 1 ARC AMP SOURCE: SRC 1 BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-A: Off BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-B: Off BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-C: Off BKR 1 ARC AMP DELAY: 0.000 s BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: 1000 kA2-cyc BKR 1 ARC AMP BLOCK: Off BKR 1 ARC AMP TARGET: Self-reset BKR 1 ARC AMP EVENTS: Disabled
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5 SETTINGS
There is one breaker arcing current element available per CT bank, with a minimum of two elements. This element calculates an estimate of the per-phase wear on the breaker contacts by measuring and integrating the current squared passing through the breaker contacts as an arc. These per-phase values are added to accumulated totals for each phase and compared to a programmed threshold value. When the threshold is exceeded in any phase, the relay can set an output operand to 1. The accumulated value for each phase can be displayed as an actual value. The operation of the scheme is shown in the following logic diagram. The same output operand that is selected to operate the output relay used to trip the breaker, indicating a tripping sequence has begun, is used to initiate this feature. A time delay is introduced between initiation and the starting of integration to prevent integration of current flow through the breaker before the contacts have parted. This interval includes the operating time of the output relay, any other auxiliary relays and the breaker mechanism. For maximum measurement accuracy, the interval between change-of-state of the operand (from 0 to 1) and contact separation should be measured for the specific installation. Integration of the measured current continues for 100 ms, which is expected to include the total arcing period. The feature is programmed to perform fault duration calculations. Fault duration is defined as a time between operation of the disturbance detector occurring before initiation of this feature, and reset of an internal low-set overcurrent function. Correction is implemented to account for a non-zero reset time of the overcurrent function. Breaker arcing currents and fault duration values are available under the ACTUAL VALUES BREAKER 1(4) menus.
RECORDS MAINTENANCE
BKR 1 ARC AMP INT-A(C): Select the same output operands that are configured to operate the output relays used to trip the breaker. In three-pole tripping applications, the same operand should be configured to initiate arcing current calculations for poles A, B and C of the breaker. In single-pole tripping applications, per-pole tripping operands should be configured to initiate the calculations for the poles that are actually tripped. BKR 1 ARC AMP DELAY: This setting is used to program the delay interval between the time the tripping sequence is initiated and the time the breaker contacts are expected to part, starting the integration of the measured current. BKR 1 ARC AMP LIMIT: Selects the threshold value above which the output operand is set.
Breaker Contacts Part Arc Extinguished
Initiate
Start Integration
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5 SETTINGS
SETTING
AND
SETTING
100 ms
0
BREAKER 1 ARCING AMP INIT-A: Off=0 BREAKER 1 ARCING AMP INIT-B: Off=0 BREAKER 1 ARCING AMP INIT-C: Off=0
OR
AND
RUN
SETTING
Integrate
AND RUN
Add to Accumulator
SETTING
IA 2 -Cycle Integrate
AND RUN
IB 2 -Cycle IC 2 -Cycle
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
COMMAND
Integrate
Set All To Zero
ACTUAL VALUE
BKR 1 OPERATING TIME A BKR 1 OPERATING TIME B BKR 1 OPERATING TIME C BKR 1 OPERATING TIME
827071A3.CDR
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BREAKER FLASHOVER 1
MESSAGE
BKR 1 FLSHOVR FUNCTION: Disabled BKR 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 1 SRC: SRC 1 BKR 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 2 SRC: None BKR 1 STATUS CLSD A: Off BKR 1 STATUS CLSD B: Off BKR 1 STATUS CLSD C: Off BKR 1 FLSHOVR V PKP: 0.850 pu BKR 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP: 1000 V BKR 1 FLSHOVR AMP PKP: 0.600 pu BKR 1 FLSHOVR PKP DELAY: 0.100 s BKR 1 FLSHOVR SPV A: Off BKR 1 FLSHOVR SPV B: Off BKR 1 FLSHOVR SPV C: Off BKR 1 FLSHOVR BLOCK: Off BKR 1 FLSHOVR TARGET: Self-reset BKR 1 FLSHOVR EVENTS: Disabled
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The detection of the breaker flashover is based on the following condition: 1. 2. 3. 4. Breaker open, Voltage drop measured from either side of the breaker during the flashover period, Voltage difference drop, and Measured flashover current through the breaker.
Furthermore, the scheme is applicable for cases where either one or two sets of three-phase voltages are available across the breaker.
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5 SETTINGS
When only one set of VTs is available across the breaker, the BRK 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 2 SRC setting should be None. To detect an open breaker condition in this application, the scheme checks if the per-phase voltages were recovered (picked up), the status of the breaker is open (contact input indicating the breaker status is off), and no flashover current is flowing. A contact showing the breaker status must be provided to the relay. The voltage difference will not be considered as a condition for open breaker in this part of the logic. Voltages must be present prior to flashover conditions. If the three VTs are placed after the breaker on the line (or feeder), and the downstream breaker is open, the measured voltage would be zero and the flashover element will not be initiated.
NOTE
The flashover detection will reset if the current drops back to zero, the breaker closes, or the selected FlexLogic operand for supervision changes to high. Using supervision through the BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV A, BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV B, and BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV C settings is recommended by selecting a trip operand that will not allow the flashover element to pickup prior to the trip. The flashover detection can be used for external alarm, re-tripping the breaker, or energizing the lockout relay. Consider the following configuration:
5
1. 2. 3. 4. 52a status = 0.
Bus VTs
842746A1.CDR
The source 1 (SRC1) phase currents are feeder CTs and phase voltages are bus VTs, and Contact Input 1 is set as Breaker 52a contact. The conditions prior to flashover detection are:
VAg, VBg, or VCg is greater than the pickup setting. IA, IB, IC = 0; no current flows through the breaker. VA is greater than pickup (not applicable in this scheme).
The conditions at flashover detection are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 52a status = 0. VAg, VBg, or VCg is lower than the pickup setting. IA, IB, or IC is greater than the pickup current flowing through the breaker. VA is greater than pickup (not applicable in this scheme).
SIX VT BREAKER FLASHOVER APPLICATION The per-phase voltage difference approaches zero when the breaker is closed. The is well below any typical minimum pickup voltage. Select the level of the BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP setting to be less than the voltage difference measured across the breaker when the close or open breaker resistors are left in service. Prior to flashover, the voltage difference is larger than BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP. This applies to either the difference between two live voltages per phase or when the voltage from one side of the breaker has dropped to zero (line de-energized), at least one per-phase voltage is larger than the BRK 1 FLSHOVR V PKP setting, and no current flows through the breaker poles. During breaker flashover, the per-phase voltages from both sides of the breaker drops below the pickup value defined by the BRK 1 FLSHOVR V PKP setting, the voltage difference drops below the pickup setting, and flashover current is detected. These flashover conditions initiate FlexLogic pickup operands and start the BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP DELAY timer. This application do not require detection of breaker status via a 52a contact, as it uses a voltage difference larger than the BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP setting. However, monitoring the breaker contact will ensure scheme stability.
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VTs VTs
842745A1.CDR
The source 1 (SRC1) phase currents are CTs and phase voltages are bus VTs. The source 2 (SRC2) phase voltages are line VTs. Contact input 1 is set as the breaker 52a contact (optional). The conditions prior to flashover detection are: 1. 2. 3. 4. VA is greater than pickup VAg, VBg, or VCg is greater than the pickup setting IA, IB, IC = 0; no current flows through the breaker 52a status = 0 (optional) VA is less than pickup VAg, VBg, or VCg is lower than the pickup setting IA, IB, or IC is greater than the pickup current flowing through the breaker 52a status = 0 (optional) The element is operational only when phase-to-ground voltages are connected to relay terminals. The flashover element will not operate if delta voltages are applied.
NOTE
The breaker flashover settings are described below. BRK 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 1 SRC: This setting specifies a signal source used to provide three-phase voltages and threephase currents from one side of the current breaker. The source selected as a setting and must be configured with breaker phase voltages and currents, even if only three (3) VTs are available across the breaker. BRK 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 2 SRC: This setting specifies a signal source used to provide another set of three phase voltages whenever six (6) VTs are available across the breaker. BRK 1 STATUS CLSD A to BRK 1 STATUS CLSD C: These settings specify FlexLogic operands to indicate the open status of the breaker. A separate FlexLogic operand can be selected to detect individual breaker pole status and provide flashover detection. The recommended setting is 52a breaker contact or another operand defining the breaker poles open status. BRK 1 FLSHOVR V PKP: This setting specifies a pickup level for the phase voltages from both sides of the breaker. If six VTs are available, opening the breaker leads to two possible combinations live voltages from only one side of the breaker, or live voltages from both sides of the breaker. Either case will set the scheme ready for flashover detection upon detection of voltage above the selected value. Set BRK FLSHOVR V PKP to 85 to 90% of the nominal voltage. BRK 1 FLSHOVR DIFF V PKP: This setting specifies a pickup level for the phase voltage difference when two VTs per phase are available across the breaker. The pickup voltage difference should be below the monitored voltage difference when close or open breaker resistors are left in service. The setting is selected as primary volts difference between the sources. BRK 1 FLSHOVR AMP PKP: This setting specifies the normal load current which can flow through the breaker. Depending on the flashover protection application, the flashover current can vary from levels of the charging current when the line is de-energized (all line breakers open), to well above the maximum line (feeder) load (line/feeder connected to load). BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV A to BRK 1 FLSHOVR SPV C: These settings specifiy FlexLogic operands (per breaker pole) that supervise the operation of the element per phase. Supervision can be provided by operation of other protec-
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5 SETTINGS
tion elements, breaker failure, and close and trip commands. A six-cycle time delay applies after the selected FlexLogic operand resets. BRK FLSHOVR PKP DELAY: This setting specifies the time delay to operate after a pickup condition is detected.
SETTINGS BRK 1 FLSHOVR SUPV A: FlexLogic operand: Off=0 BRK 1 FLSHOVR SUPV B: FlexLogic operand: Off=0 BRK 1 FLSHOVR SUPV C: FlexLogic operand: Off=0 SETTING BREAKER FLASHOVER FUNCTION: Enable=1 Block: OFF=0 AND SETTING BRK 1 FLSHOVR V PKP: RUN VA > PKP OR Va > PKP RESET 5 cycle 0 OR SET dominant SETTING BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP DELAY: tPKP 0 0 5 cycle AND SET dominant Phase C logic FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP A BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP B BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP C FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BRK 1 FLSHOVR DPO A BRK 1 FLSHOVR DPO B BRK 1 FLSHOVR DPO C Phase C logic Phase B logic OR FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BRK 1 FLSHOVR PKP BRK 1 FLSHOVR DPO Phase B logic 0 6 cycle
SETTINGS BRK 1 STATUS CLSD A: RUN FlexLogic operand: On=1 BRK 1 STATUS CLSD B: RUN FlexLogic operand: On=1 BRK 1 STATUS CLSD C: SETTINGS BRK 1 FLSHOVR SIDE 1 SRC: SRC 1, SRC 2, , SRC 6 VA VB VC IA IB IC RUN FlexLogic operand: On=1 SETTING BRK 1 FLSHOVR AMP PKP: RUN IA > PKP Phase C logic Phase B logic
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BRK 1 FLSHOVR OP A FLEXLOGIC OPERAND BRK 1 FLSHOVR OP B BRK 1 FLSHOVR OP C OR BRK 1 FLSHOVR OP
AND
842018A2.CDR
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VT FUSE FAILURE 1
Every signal source includes a fuse failure scheme. The VT fuse failure detector can be used to raise an alarm and/or block elements that may operate incorrectly for a full or partial loss of AC potential caused by one or more blown fuses. Some elements that might be blocked (via the BLOCK input) are distance, voltage restrained overcurrent, and directional current. There are two classes of fuse failure that may occur: Class A: loss of one or two phases. Class B: loss of all three phases.
Different means of detection are required for each class. An indication of class A failures is a significant level of negative sequence voltage, whereas an indication of class B failures is when positive sequence current is present and there is an insignificant amount of positive sequence voltage. These noted indications of fuse failure could also be present when faults are present on the system, so a means of detecting faults and inhibiting fuse failure declarations during these events is provided. Once the fuse failure condition is declared, it will be sealed-in until the cause that generated it disappears. An additional condition is introduced to inhibit a fuse failure declaration when the monitored circuit is de-energized; positive sequence voltage and current are both below threshold levels. The function setting enables and disables the fuse failure feature for each source.
AND
5
Reset-dominant
OR SET
AND
Latch
RESET
FAULT
SETTING
Function Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 COMPARATORS SOURCE 1 V_2 V_1 I_1 Run Run Run Run Run
V_2 > 0.1 pu V_1 < 0.05 pu
AND OR OR AND
FUSE FAIL
SET
TIMER
2 cycles 20 cycles
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
Latch
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS SRC1 50DD OP OPEN POLE OP The OPEN POLE OP operand is applicable to the D60, L60, and L90 only.
AND OR AND RESET
Reset-dominant
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
AND
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5 SETTINGS
OPEN POLE
OPEN POLE BLOCK: Off OPEN POLE VOLTAGE SUPV: Disabled OPEN POLE CURRENT PKP: 0.050 pu OPEN POLE LINE XC1: 9999.9 OPEN POLE LINE XC0: 9999.9 OPEN POLE REM CURR PKP: 0.050 pu OPEN POLE MODE: Accelerated OPEN POLE DETECTION: I AND V AND CBaux OPEN POLE TARGET: Self-Reset OPEN POLE EVENTS: Disabled
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The open pole detector is intended to identify an open pole of the line circuit breaker. The scheme monitors the breakers auxiliary contacts, current in the circuit and optionally voltage on the line. The scheme generates output operands used to block the phase selector and some specific protection elements, thus preventing maloperation during the dead time of a single-pole autoreclose cycle or any other open pole conditions. The scheme declares an open pole at the moment a single-pole trip is issued. In two-breaker and breaker-and-a-half applications, an open pole condition is declared when one or more of the following hold: Both breakers have an open pole on the same phase. The current on the line drops below a threshold. The current and voltage on the line drop below a threshold.
DISTANCE
SOURCE
The open pole feature uses signals defined by the GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) DISTANCE setting. Voltage supervision can be used only with wye VTs on the line side of the breaker.
The OPEN POLE CURRENT PICKUP setting establishes the current threshold below which an open pole is declared. The OPEN POLE LINE XC1 setting specifies positive-sequence reactance of the entire line. If shunt reactors are applied, this value should be a net capacitive reactance of the line and the reactors installed between the line breakers. The value is entered in secondary ohms. This setting is relevant if open pole condition at the remote end of the line is to be sensed and utilized by the relay. The OPEN POLE LINE XC0 setting specifies zero-sequence reactance of the entire line. If shunt reactors are applied, this value should be a net capacitive reactance of the line and the reactors installed between the line breakers. The value shall be entered in secondary ohms. This setting is relevant if open pole condition at the remote end of the line is to be sensed and utilized by the relay (OPEN POLE REM OP FlexLogic operand).
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The OPEN POLE REM CURR PKP setting specifies pickup level for the remote-end current estimated by the relay as the local current compensated by the calculated charging current. The latter is calculated based on the local voltages and the capacitive reactances of the line. This setting is relevant if open pole condition at the remote end of the line is to be sensed and utilized by the relay (OPEN POLE REM OP FlexLogic operand). The OPEN POLE MODE setting selects the mode of operation of the open pole function. When the Accelerated mode is chosen, an open pole will be declared cycle after trip output operation and before the breaker pole opens. This blocks distance loops involved in the faulted phase and phase selector, and arms the trip output to produce three-pole trip for the next fault. If the fault evolves into multi-phase fault before breaker pole opens for the first fault, the remaining in-service distance loops would initiate a three-pole trip. When the Traditional mode is selected, then an open pole is declared only after the breaker opens and current disappears. If the fault evolves into a multi-phase fault before the circuit breaker pole opens for the first fault, the phase selector will change the fault type from a single-line-to-ground fault to a multi-phase fault, thereby initiating a three-pole trip. The OPEN POLE DETECTION setting selects the signals used to detect an open pole condition. When I AND V AND CBaux value is selected, the breaker 52 contacts and the current with optional voltage signals are used to determine open pole conditions. For the I AND V only selection, only the current with optional voltage signals are used. For convenience, the position of the breaker poles defined in the breaker control feature and available as FlexLogic operand BREAKER 1 A CLSD through BREAKER 1 C CLSD and BREAKER 1 OOS are used by the open pole feature if the I AND V AND CBaux detection value is selected. For correct operation of the open pole detector, the breaker control, trip output, and single-pole autoreclose features must be enabled and configured properly. When used in configuration with only one breaker, the BREAKER 2 FUNCTION should be Enabled and the BREAKER 2 OUT OF SV setting should be On (refer to the Breaker Control section earlier in this chapter for additional details).
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5 SETTINGS
SETTING Function = Enabled = Disabled Block = Off to open pole logic sheet 2
AND
ENABLED
to the trip output scheme SETTING Current Pickup
RUN
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE I< A OPEN POLE I< B OPEN POLE I< C
AND AND AND OR
PHASE A
CALCULATE
RUN AND
SETTING Distance Source = IA = IB = IC = VAG = VBG = VCG SETTINGS Open Pole Line XC1 Open Pole Line XC0 Charging current calculations
Voltage supervision calculations VAG > 0.7 pu VBG > 0.7 pu VCG > 0.7 pu
PHASE B
PHASE C
to the trip output scheme FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE BKR OP A OPEN POLE BKR OP B OPEN POLE BKR OP C
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BREAKER 1 A CLSD BREAKER 1 B CLSD BREAKER 1 C CLSD FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BREAKER 1 OOS BREAKER 1 CLOSED BREAKER 1 OPEN POLE FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BREAKER 2 A CLSD BREAKER 2 B CLSD BREAKER 2 C CLSD FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS BREAKER 2 OOS
OR OR OR
OR OR
OR OR OR
TIMERS 2 cycles 2 cycles 2 cycles 2 cycles 2 cycles 2 cycles FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS OPEN POLE REM OP A OPEN POLE REM OP B OPEN POLE REM OP C
837024AC.CDR
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5 SETTINGS
ENABLED
from the trip output element FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP PHASE A
XOR
TIMER 0 1 cycle
PHASE A
OR
from the trip output element FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP PHASE B from open pole logic sheet 1
TIMER 0 1 cycle
PHASE B
from the trip output element FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRIP PHASE C from open pole logic sheet 1
OR
TIMER 0 1 cycle
PHASE C
OR
OR
Figure 5141: OPEN POLE DETECTOR LOGIC (Sheet 2 of 2) 5.7.11 PILOT SCHEMES a) MAIN MENU
PATH: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS PILOT SCHEMES
5
DUTT SCHEME PUTT SCHEME POTT SCHEME HYBRID POTT SCHEME BLOCKING SCHEME DCUB SCHEME See page 5253. See page 5256. See page 5258. See page 5262. See page 5266. See page 5270.
PILOT SCHEMES
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This menu contains settings for selecting and configuring protection signaling schemes. All schemes are available for single-pole tripping applications and can be used with one, two, or four-bit communications channels. Choices of communications channels include remote inputs/outputs and telecommunications interfaces. b) DIRECT UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (DUTT)
PATH: SETTINGS CONTROL ELEMENTS PILOT SCHEMES DUTT SCHEME Range: Disabled, Enabled
DUTT SCHEME
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5.7 CONTROL ELEMENTS DUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s DUTT NO OF COMM BITS: 1 DUTT RX1: Off DUTT RX2: Off DUTT RX3: Off DUTT RX4: Off DUTT SCHEME TARGET: Self-Reset DUTT SCHEME EVENTS: Disabled
5 SETTINGS
Range: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001
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Range: 1, 2, or 4
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This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal(s) to the remote end(s), where on receipt, the DUTT pilot scheme operates without additional protection supervision. For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 1 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured, and set per rules of distance relaying.
In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together with information received from the remote terminal(s). The latter may be coded into one, two or four bits over the communications channel. The scheme generates output operands (DUTT TX1 through DUTT TX4) that are used to transmit the direct under-reaching signals to the remote end(s). Choices of communications channel include remote inputs/outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface. To make the scheme a fully operational stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction with the trip output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and single-pole autoreclose actions. DUTT SCHEME BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. DUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (DUTT OP) is produced according to the DUTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels such as a power line carrier. The DUTT SEAL-IN DELAY is a minimum guaranteed duration of the DUTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the Trip Table of the DUTT scheme, the trip operands DUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time. DUTT NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits available on the communications channel. With only one bit available, the scheme sends the direct under-reaching transfer trip command on bit no.1 (DUTT TX1 operand) and responds to the direct trip command received on bit no. 1 (DUTT RX1 setting). The scheme uses only local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector to assert the output operands DUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P (see Chapter 8: Theory of Operation for details on the use of communication channels). DUTT RX1 through DUTT RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typically input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. The DUTT scheme requires a secure and dependable signaling system. For this reason, a series/parallel combination of receive signal contacts is often used. This is accomplished by using a multi-bit communications system to transmit redundant copies of the TX signal (often via different paths) and building appropriate security logic (such as series (AND gate) or 2-out-of-3 voting logic) with FlexLogic. The DUTT RX1(4) settings should be associated with the final (secure) TX signals.
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5 SETTINGS
In single-bit applications, DUTT RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, DUTT RX1 and DUTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, DUTT RX1, DUTT RX2, DUTT RX3, and DUTT RX4 must be used. In multi-terminal applications, the RX signals from two or more remote terminals should be connected through OR gates in the FlexLogic and the resulting signals should be configured as the DUTT RX inputs.
SETTING DUTT SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 AND SETTING DUTT SCHEME BLOCK: OFF = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 PKP GND DIST Z1 PKP OR Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP SETTINGS DUTT NO OF COMM BITS: DUTT RX1: Off = 0 DUTT RX2: Off = 0 DUTT RX3: Off = 0 DUTT RX4: RX Off = 0 Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP 837012AD.CDR TRIP TABLE OR DUTT NO OF COMM BITS: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DUTT TRIP A DUTT TRIP B DUTT TRIP C DUTT TRIP 3P AND SETTINGS DUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND TRANSMIT TABLE AND DUTT NO OF COMM BITS: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DUTT TX1 DUTT TX2 DUTT TX3 DUTT TX4
t RST
DUTT OP
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5 SETTINGS
PUTT SCHEME
PUTT SCHEME BLOCK: Off PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s PUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s PUTT NO OF COMM BITS: 1 PUTT RX1: Off PUTT RX2: Off PUTT RX3: Off PUTT RX4: Off PUTT SCHEME TARGET: Self-Reset PUTT SCHEME EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 1, 2, or 4
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5
MESSAGE MESSAGE
This scheme uses an under-reaching zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal(s) to the remote terminal(s) where it is supervised by an over-reaching zone 2 distance element. For proper operation, the zone 1 and 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured, and set per rules of distance relaying. In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the phase selector together with information received from the remote terminal(s). The scheme generates output operands (PUTT TX1 through PUTT TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote end(s). Choices of communications channel include remote inputs/ outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface. To make the scheme a fully operational stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail and single-pole autoreclose actions. PUTT SCHEME BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY: This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious receive signals. This delay should be set longer than the longest spurious TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the zone 1 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response time of the scheme. PUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (PUTT OP) is produced according to the PUTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels such as a power line carrier. The PUTT SEAL-IN DELAY is a minimum guaranteed duration of the PUTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the trip table of the PUTT scheme, the trip operands PUTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time. PUTT NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and trip table of the PUTT scheme are identical as those for the direct under-reaching transfer trip scheme. Please refer to Chapter 8: Theory of Operation for more information.
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5 SETTINGS
PUTT RX1 through PUTT RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typically input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, PUTT RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, PUTT RX1 and PUTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, PUTT RX1, PUTT RX2, PUTT RX3, and PUTT RX4 must be used. In multi-terminal applications, the RX signals from two or more remote terminals should be connected through OR gates in the FlexLogic and the resulting signals should be configured as the PUTT RX inputs.
SETTING PUTT SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 AND SETTING PUTT SCHEME BLOCK: OFF = 0 SETTINGS PUTT NO OF COMM BITS: PUTT RX1: Off = 0 PUTT RX2: Off = 0 PUTT RX3: Off = 0 PUTT RX4: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z2 PKP OR GND DIST Z2 PKP FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z1 PKP OR GND DIST Z1 PKP Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP 837013AD.CDR TRANSMIT TABLE AND PUTT NO OF COMM BITS: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PUTT TX1 PUTT TX2 PUTT TX3 PUTT TX4 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP OR RX Phase Selector TRIP TABLE PUTT NO OF COMM BITS: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PUTT TRIP A PUTT TRIP B PUTT TRIP C PUTT TRIP 3P AND SETTINGS PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY: SETTINGS 0 AND PUTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
tPKP
t RST
PUTT OP
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POTT SCHEME
POTT SCHEME BLOCK: Off POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: Disabled POTT ECHO COND: Off POTT RX PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: 0.020 s TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: 0.090 s ECHO DURATION: 0.100 s ECHO LOCKOUT: 0.250 s LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: 0.050 s POTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s GND DIR O/C FWD: Off POTT NO OF COMM BITS: 1 POTT RX1: Off POTT RX2: Off POTT RX3: Off POTT RX4: Off POTT SCHEME TARGET: Self-Reset POTT SCHEME EVENTS: Disabled
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Range: 1, 2, or 4
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This scheme is primarily intended for two-terminal line applications. The scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at both terminals of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This provides increased coverage for high-resistance faults.
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5 SETTINGS
For proper operation, the Zone 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The Line Pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open/weakinfeed conditions. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accordingly. In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the Phase Selector together with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (POTT TX1 through POTT TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include remote inputs/outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface. To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction with the Trip Output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and singlepole autoreclose actions. POTT SCHEME BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: If this setting is set to Enabled, the scheme sends a permissive echo signal to the remote end(s) using a pre-programmed logic (see the following logic diagram). If set to Custom, the echo signal is sent if a condition selected via the POTT ECHO COND setting is satisfied. The echo is sent only once and then the logic locks out for the time specified by the ECHO LOCKOUT. The duration of the echo pulse is settable as ECHO DURATION. Operation of the overreaching protection elements (Distance Zone 2 or GND DIR O/C FWD setting) inhibits the echo.
SIVE ECHO
POTT ECHO COND: This setting specifies a user-selected echo condition and applies only if the HYB POTT PERMISis set to Custom.
POTT RX PICKUP DELAY: This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious receive signals. The delay should be set longer than the longest spurious TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the Zone 2 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response time of the scheme. TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of a ground directional overcurrent function (if used) to current reversal conditions. The transient blocking mechanism applies to the ground overcurrent path only as the reach settings for the Zone 2 distance functions is not expected to be long for two-terminal applications, and the security of the distance functions is not endangered by the current reversal conditions. Upon receiving the POTT RX signal, the transient blocking mechanism allows the RX signal to be passed and aligned with the GND DIR O/C FWD indication only for a period of time set by TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY. After that the ground directional overcurrent path will be virtually disabled for a period of time specified as TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY. The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should be long enough to give the selected ground directional overcurrent function time to operate, but not longer than the fastest possible operation time of the protection system that can create current reversal conditions within the reach of the selected ground directional overcurrent function. This setting should take into account the POTT RX PICKUP DELAY. The POTT RX signal is shaped for aligning with the ground directional indication as follows: the original RX signal is delayed by the POTT RX PICKUP DELAY, then terminated at TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY after the pickup of the original POTT TX signal, and eventually locked-out for TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY.
TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of a ground directional overcurrent function (if used) to current reversal conditions (see the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY). This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also spurious negative- and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations. The breaker failure time of the surrounding protection systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the POTT scheme may be considered to make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations. ECHO DURATION: This setting defines the guaranteed and exact duration of the echo pulse. The duration does not depend on the duration and shape of the received RX signal. This setting enables the relay to avoid a permanent lockup of the transmit/receive loop. ECHO LOCKOUT: This setting defines the lockout period for the echo logic after sending the echo pulse.
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LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines the pickup value for validation of the line end open conditions as detected by the Line Pickup logic through the LINE PICKUP LEO PKP FlexLogic operand. The validated line end open condition is a requirement for the POTT scheme to return a received echo signal (if the echo feature is enabled). This value should take into account the principle of operation and settings of the Line Pickup element. POTT SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (POTT OP) is produced according to the POTT scheme logic. A seal-in time delay is applied to this operand for coping with noisy communication channels. The POTT SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the POTT OP pulse. As this operand activates the trip table of the POTT scheme, the trip operands POTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time. GND DIR O/C FWD: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to the Zone 2 for identifying faults on the protected line, and thus, for keying the communication channel and initiating operation of the scheme. Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C FWD. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD allowing the user to combine responses of various protection elements, or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional overcurrent or neutral directional overcurrent. Both of these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD). For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding at least 0.5 cycles of pickup delay to the forward directional element is recommended. POTT NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and trip tables of the POTT scheme are the same as those for the permissive underreaching transfer trip scheme. Please refer to the description of the PUTT scheme for more information. POTT RX1 through POTT RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typically input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, POTT RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, POTT RX1 and POTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, POTT RX1, POTT RX2, POTT RX3, and POTT RX4 must be used.
5-260
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
SETTING POTT SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 AND SETTING POTT SCHEME BLOCK: OFF = 0
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z2 PKP GND DIST Z2 PKP SETTING GND DIR O/C FWD: Off = 0 SETTINGS POTT NO OF COMM BITS: POTT RX1: Off = 0 POTT RX2: Off = 0 POTT RX3: Off = 0 POTT RX4: Off = 0 OR OR
AND
AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
t RST
POTT NO OF COMM BITS: RUN
POTT OP
SETTINGS POTT RX PICKUP DELAY: AND AND 0 SETTINGS TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: AND AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP Phase Selector RX FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS POTT TRIP A TRIP TABLE POTT TRIP B POTT TRIP C POTT TRIP 3P
t PKP
t PKP
t RST
RUN
TRANSMIT TABLE SETTING POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: SETTINGS ECHO DURATION: AND ECHO LOCKOUT: 0 SETTING RX POTT ECHO COND: Off = 0 Custom Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP 837014AH.CDR ECHO TABLE Echo duration and lockout logic AND RUN Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP LEO PKP Disabled SETTINGS LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: Enabled POTT TX1 POTT TX2 POTT TX3 POTT TX4
t PKP
GE Multilin
5-261
5 SETTINGS
HYB POTT SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled HYB POTT BLOCK: Off HYB POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: Disabled HYB POTT ECHO COND: Off HYB POTT WEAK INFEED: Enabled HYB POTT W/I COND: Off HYB POTT RX PICKUP DELAY: 0.000 s TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: 0.020 s TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: 0.090 s ECHO DURATION: 0.100 s ECHO LOCKOUT: 0.250 s HYB POTT SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s GND DIR O/C FWD: Off GND DIR O/C REV: Off HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS: 1 HYB POTT RX1: Off HYB POTT RX2: Off HYB POTT RX3: Off HYB POTT RX4: Off HYB POTT SCHEME TARGET: Self-Reset HYB POTT EVENT: Disabled
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5
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Range: 1, 2, or 4
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5-262
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
Generally, this scheme uses an overreaching zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at all terminals of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the D60 can be used in conjunction with the zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate operation. This increases the coverage for high-resistance faults. The scheme is intended for three-terminal and two-terminal applications with weak-infeed conditions. As a long reach of the overreaching distance element may be required for three-terminal applications, transient blocking logic is provided for both distance and ground directional overcurrent elements. In order to cope with weak-infeed conditions an echo feature is made available. By default the scheme uses the reverse-looking zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Additionally, reverselooking ground directional overcurrent functions can be used in conjunction with the zone 4. For proper operation, the zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The line pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open/weakinfeed and undervoltage conditions. If used by the scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured, and set accordingly. In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the phase selector together with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (HYBRID POTT TX1 through HYBRID POTT TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote terminal(s). Choices of communications channel include remote inputs/outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to assert the individual bits at the interface. To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction with the trip output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail and singlepole autoreclose actions. HYB POTT BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. HYB POTT PERMISSIVE ECHO: If set to Enabled, the scheme sends a permissive echo signal to the remote end(s) using a pre-programmed logic (refer to the logic diagram below). If set to Custom, the echo signal is sent if a condition selected via the HYB POTT ECHO COND setting is satisfied. The echo is sent only once and then the logic locks out for the time specified by the ECHO LOCKOUT setting. The duration of the echo pulse is settable as ECHO DURATION. Operation of the overreaching protection elements (distance zone 2 or GND DIR O/C FWD setting) inhibits the echo.
MISSIVE ECHO
HYB POTT ECHO COND: This setting specifies a user-selected echo condition and applies only if the HYB POTT PERis set to Custom.
HYB POTT WEAK INFEED: If this setting is set to Enabled, the scheme activates both the keying and operating paths using a pre-programmed weak infeed logic (refer to the logic diagram below). If this setting is set to Custom, the weak infeed condition is to be specified by the user via the HYB POTT W/I COND setting. HYB POTT W/I COND: This setting specifies user-selected weak infeed condition and applies only if the HYB POTT WEAK INFEED is set to Custom. HYB POTT RX PICKUP DELAY: This setting enables the relay to cope with spurious received signals. The delay should be set longer than the longest spurious TX signal that can be received simultaneously with the zone 2 pickup. The selected delay will increase the response time of the scheme. TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the hybrid POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of both the over-reaching zone 2 and ground directional overcurrent function to current reversal conditions. The transient blocking logic applies to both operate (trip) and send (transmit) paths. Identifying the fault as a reverse fault prevents the scheme from both operating and keying the channel. If the reverse fault condition prevails for TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY, the blocking operation will be extended by the transient blocking timer for TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY. This allows riding through current reversal conditions. However, if distance zone 1 picks up during the transient blocking condition, the blocking action is removed. This is to cope with evolving faults when an external fault is followed by an internal fault. Without the zone 1 feedback, the trip would be delayed unnecessarily.
GE Multilin
5-263
5 SETTINGS
The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should not be longer than the fastest possible trip time for faults on an adjacent line so that extended blocking action could be established. This should take into account the pickup time of the reverselooking elements of the scheme. The delay defined by this setting should not be too short in order to avoid locking up a spurious reverse fault indication that can occur during internal fault conditions. TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the hybrid POTT scheme for coping with the exposure of the overreaching protection functions to current reversal conditions (see also the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY). This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also spurious negative and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations (in the case when neutral directional overcurrent or negative-sequence directional overcurrent functions are used). The breaker failure time of the surrounding protection systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the hybrid POTT scheme should be considered to make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations. ECHO DURATION: This setting defines the guaranteed and exact duration of the echo pulse. The duration is not dependent on the duration and shape of received RX signals. This setting enables the relay to avoid a permanent lockup of the transmit/receive loop. ECHO LOCKOUT: This setting defines the lockout period for the echo logic after sending the echo pulse. This enables the relay to avoid oscillations of the echo pulses during an autoreclosure dead-time after clearing an internal fault. HYB POTT SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (HYB POTT OP) is produced according to the hybrid POTT scheme logic. The HYB POTT SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the HYB POTT OP pulse. As this operand runs the trip table of the hybrid POTT scheme, the trip operands HYB POTT TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time. GND DIR O/C FWD: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to zone 2 for identifying faults on the protected line, and thus, for keying the communication channel and initiating operation of the scheme (both through the transient blocking logic). Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C FWD. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional or neutral directional overcurrent elements. Both these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD). The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C REV. For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverselooking element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding at least 0.5 cycles of pickup delay to the forward directional element is recommended. GND DIR O/C REV: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element used in addition to zone 4 for identifying reverse faults, and thus, for stopping the transmit signal and initiating the transient blocking timer. Good directional integrity is the key requirement for a reverse-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C REV. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used as GND DIR O/C REV enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative sequence directional or neutral directional overcurrent element. Both these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The reverse indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV).
FWD.
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding a pickup delay greater than the pilot channel delay to the reverse directional element is recommended. HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. The transmit codes and trip table of the hybrid POTT scheme are the same as those for the permissive under-reaching transfer trip scheme. Please refer to the description of the PUTT scheme for more information.
5-264
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
HYB POTT RX1 through HYB POTT RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typically input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1 and HYB POTT RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, HYB POTT RX1, HYB POTT RX2, HYB POTT RX3, and HYB POTT RX4 must be used.
SETTING HYB POTT WEAK INFEED:
SETTING GND DIR O/C FWD: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z2 PKP GND DIST Z2 PKP Off FLEXLOGIC OPERAND LINE PICKUP LEO PKP OPEN POLE OP LINE PICKUP UV PKP SETTING HYB POTT W/I COND: Off = 0 SETTING HYB POTT SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 AND OR
Disabled OR
Enabled
Custom
0 t RST
SETTING HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS:
SETTINGS HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS: HYB POTT RX1: Off = 0 HYB POTT RX2: Off = 0 HYB POTT RX3: Off = 0 HYB POTT RX4: Off = 0 Off SETTING OR
AND
RUN Phase Selector RX 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP TRIP TABLE FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS HYB POTT TRIP A HYB POTT TRIP B HYB POTT TRIP C HYB POTT TRIP 3P
t PKP
0 100 msec
SETTINGS ECHO DURATION: ECHO LOCKOUT: SETTING HYB POTT NO OF COMM BITS: AND RX Phase Selector FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP RUN
AND
Enabled
AND
ECHO TABLE FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS HYB POTT TX1 HYB POTT TX2 RUN HYB POTT TX3 HYB POTT TX4
Custom
SETTING GND DIR O/C REV: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z4 PKP GND DIST Z4 PKP PH DIST Z1 PKP GND DIST Z1 PKP OR
SETTINGS TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: AND OR Phase Selector
t PKP t RST
OR
TRANSMIT TABLE
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5 SETTINGS
BLOCKING SCHEME
BLOCKING SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled BLOCK SCHEME BLOCK: Off BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY: 0.010 s TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: 0.030 s TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: 0.090 s BLOCK SCHEME SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s GND DIR O/C FWD: Off GND DIR O/C REV: Off BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: 1 BLOCK SCHEME RX1: Off BLOCK SCHEME RX2: Off BLOCK SCHEME RX3: Off BLOCK SCHEME RX4: Off BLOCK SCHEME EVENT: Off
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Range: 1, 2, or 4
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Generally, the scheme compares the direction to a fault at all terminals of the line. Unlike the permissive schemes, the absence of a blocking signal permits operation of the scheme. Consequently, the scheme is biased toward dependability and requires an "on/off" type of signaling. By default this scheme uses only a forward-looking over-reaching zone 2 distance element to identify forward faults. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the zone 2 distance element to increase the coverage for high-resistance faults. Also by default, only a reverse-looking zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the zone 4 distance element for better time and sensitivity coordination. For proper operation, the zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent functions must be enabled, configured, and programmed accordingly. In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the phase selector together with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (DIR BLOCK TX INIT and DIR BLOCK TX1 STOP through DIR BLOCK TX4 STOP) that control the transmission of signals to the remote end(s). When used with telecommunications facilities the output operands should be assigned to operate output contacts connected to key the transmitter at the interface.
5-266
GE Multilin
5 SETTINGS
The output operands from the scheme (DIR BLOCK A, B, C and 3P) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. When used in conjunction with the trip output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail, and singlepole autoreclose actions. BLOCK SCHEME BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY: This setting defines a delay for the forward-looking protection elements used by the scheme for coordination with the blocking response from the remote end(s). This setting should include both the response time of the protection elements used to establish a blocking signal and the total transmission time of that signal including the relay communications equipment interfacing and the communications channel itself. TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the blocking scheme for coping with the exposure of both the over-reaching zone 2 and ground directional overcurrent function to current reversal conditions. The transient blocking logic applies to the send path only. Identifying the fault as a reverse fault establishes the blocking signal. If the reverse fault condition prevails for TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY, the blocking operation will be extended by the transient blocking timer for TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY. This allows riding through current reversal conditions. However, if zone 1 picks up during the transient blocking condition, the blocking action is removed. This is done to cope with evolving faults when an external fault is followed by an internal fault. Without the zone 1 feedback, the trip would be unnecessarily delayed. The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should not be longer than the fastest possible trip time for faults on an adjacent line so that the extended blocking action could be established. This should take into account the pickup time of the reverselooking elements of the scheme. The delay defined by this setting should not be too short in order to avoid locking up a spurious reverse fault indication that can occur during internal fault conditions. TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the blocking scheme for coping with the exposure of the overreaching protection functions to current reversal conditions (see also the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY). This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also spurious negative and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations (in the case when neutral directional or negative-sequence directional overcurrent functions are used). Breaker failure time of the surrounding protection systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the blocking scheme should be considered to make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations. BLOCK SCHEME SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (DIR BLOCK OP) is produced according to the Blocking scheme logic. The BLOCK SCHEME SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the DIR BLOCK OP pulse. As this operand runs the Trip Table of the Blocking scheme, the trip operands DIR BLOCK TRIP A, B, C and 3P are sealed-in for the same period of time. GND DIR O/C FWD: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element used in addition to zone 2 for identifying faults on the protected line, and thus, for initiating operation of the scheme. Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used as GND DIR O/C FWD. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used as GND DIR O/C FWD enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional or neutral directional overcurrent elements. Both these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD). The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C REV. For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding at least 0.5 cycles of pickup delay to the forward directional element is recommended. GND DIR O/C REV: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element that is used in addition to zone 4 for identifying reverse faults, and thus, for initiating the blocking signal. Either reverse-looking directional or non-directional overcurrent protection element may be used as GND DIR O/C REV.
GE Multilin
5-267
5 SETTINGS
Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used as GND DIR O/C REV, enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional, neutral directional, or a non-directional instantaneous overcurrent element.
FWD.
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C For all the forward external faults seen by an element used as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking element used as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding a pickup delay greater than the pilot channel delay to the reverse directional element is recommended. BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits of the communications channel available for the scheme. With only one bit available, the scheme sends the blocking signal by asserting the DIR BLOCK TX INIT FlexLogic operand. This operand should be used to start the channel (set the blocking signal). On internal faults, the scheme removes the blocking signal by asserting the DIR BLOCK TX1 FlexLogic operand.
For tripping the scheme responds to lack of the blocking signal on bit 1 (BLOCK SCHEME RX1 setting). The scheme uses only local fault type identification provided by the phase selector to assert the output operands DIR BLOCK TRIP A, B, C and 3P. Please refer to the Theory of operation chapter for more information on communications. To take advantage of the four-bit blocking scheme, the blocking signals should be initiated from a disturbance detector. This can be accomplished by using both 50DD and DIR BLOCK TX INIT to assert the blocking signal. Subsequently, specific bits will be de-asserted by the scheme based on the phase selection providing the peer relay with more information on the fault type. Otherwise, the peer relay issues a three-pole trip upon receiving the bit pattern (0, 0, 0, 0). BLOCK SCHEME RX1 through BLOCK SCHEME RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands that represent the receive signals for the scheme. Typically input contacts interfacing with a signaling system are used. In single-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1 and BLOCK SCHEME RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, BLOCK SCHEME RX1, BLOCK SCHEME RX2, BLOCK SCHEME RX3, and BLOCK SCHEME RX4 must be used.
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SETTING BLOCKING SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled=0 Enabled=1 AND SETTING BLOCK SCHEME BLOCK: OFF = 0 SETTING BLOCKING RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY: AND
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z2 PKP GND DIST Z2 PKP SETTING GND DIR O/C FWD: Off = 0 SETTING BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: BLOCKING SCHEME RX1: Off = 0 BLOCKING SCHEME RX2: Off = 0 BLOCKING SCHEME RX3: Off = 0 BLOCKING SCHEME RX4: Off = 0 TRIP TABLE PATTERN RECEIVED (see Chapter 8 of the instruction manual) SETTING BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: RUN OR
t PKP
0
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
t RST
BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: RUN Phase Selector RX TRIP TABLE
DIR BLOCK OP
FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DIR BLOCK TRIP A DIR BLOCK TRIP B DIR BLOCK TRIP C DIR BLOCK TRIP 3P
BLOCK SCHEME NO OF COMM BITS: AND Phase Selector RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DIR BLOCK TX1 STOP TRANSMIT TABLE FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP AND OR SETTINGS TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: FLEXLOGIC OPERAND OR DIR BLOCK TX INIT OPEN POLE OP DIR BLOCK TX2 STOP DIR BLOCK TX3 STOP DIR BLOCK TX4 STOP
SETTING GND DIR O/C REV. Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PH DIST Z4 PKP GND DIST Z4 PKP
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837016AF.CDR
t PKP
t RST
OR
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DCUB SCHEME
DCUB BLOCK: Off DCUB PERMISSIVE ECHO: Disabled DCUB ECHO COND: Off GND DIR O/C FWD: Off GND DIR O/C REV: Off TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: 0.020 s TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: 0.090 s ECHO DURATION: 0.100 s ECHO LOCKOUT: 0.250 s LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: 0.050 s DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY: 0.008 s GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY: 0.150 s DCUB LOG TRIP WINDOW: 0.150 s DCUB SEAL-IN DELAY: 0.010 s DCUB NO OF COMM BITS: 1 DCUB RX1: Off DCUB LOG1: Off DCUB RX2: Off DCUB LOG2: Off DCUB RX3: Off
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5-270
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5 SETTINGS DCUB LOG3: Off DCUB RX4: Off DCUB LOG4: Off DCUB SCHEME TARGET: Self-Reset DCUB SCHEME EVENTS: Disabled
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This menu allows selecting and setting up protection signaling of the directional comparison unblocking scheme. This scheme is available for single-pole tripping applications and can be used with one, two, or four bit communications channels. Choices of communications channel include remote inputs/outputs and telecommunications interfaces. Generally, this scheme uses an over-reaching zone 2 distance element to compare the direction to a fault at all terminals of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This increases the coverage for high-resistance faults. The scheme is intended for two or three-terminal applications. As a long reach of the overreaching distance element may be required for three-terminal applications, transient blocking logic is provided for both distance and ground directional overcurrent elements. An echo feature is made available to cope with line open conditions. By default the scheme uses the reverse-looking zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Additionally, reverselooking ground directional overcurrent functions can be used in conjunction with the zone 4. For proper operation of the scheme the zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The line pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open conditions. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accordingly. In single-pole tripping applications, the scheme uses local fault type identification provided by the phase selector together with information received from the remote terminal. The scheme generates output operands (DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4) that are used to transmit the signal to the remote terminal(s). The directional comparison unblocking scheme was developed for use with frequency shift keying communications channels, though different telecommunications interfaces can be used (for example, digital communication channels utilizing the D60 teleprotection input/outputs). To make the scheme fully operational as a stand-alone feature, the scheme output operands must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular. Typically, the output operands should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and autoreclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per the intended application. When used in conjunction with the trip output element, the scheme is pre-configured to initiate trip, breaker fail and autoreclose actions. DCUB BLOCK: This setting allows the user to assign any FlexLogic operand to block the scheme. Contact inputs from a pilot cut-out switch are typically used for this purpose. DCUB PERMISSIVE ECHO: Enabling this setting will send a permissive echo signal to the remote end(s) under certain conditions (see the logic diagram for details). If set to Custom, the echo signal is sent if a condition selected with the DCUB ECHO COND setting is satisfied. The echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for the time specified by the ECHO LOCKOUT setting. The duration of the echo pulse is programmable by the ECHO DURATION setting. The echo is returned only if no overreaching and reverse protection elements operate. DCUB ECHO COND: This setting specifies a user-selected echo condition and applies only if the DCUB PERMISSIVE ECHO setting is Custom. GND DIR O/C FWD: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element used in addition to zone 2 for identifying faults on the protected line, and thus, for keying the communication channel(s) and initiating operation of the scheme (both through the transient blocking logic). Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element set as GND DIR O/C FWD. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be set as GND DIR O/C FWD, thereby enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this
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extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional or neutral directional overcurrent elements. As both these elements have separate forward and reverse output operands, the forward indication should be used (that is, NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD).
REV.
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C For all forward external faults seen by an element set as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverse-looking element set as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding at least 0.5 cycles of pickup delay to the forward directional element is recommended. GND DIR O/C REV: This setting defines the FlexLogic operand (if any) of a protection element used in addition to zone 4 for identifying reverse faults, and thus, for stopping the transmit signal and initiating the transient blocking timer.
Good directional integrity is the key requirement for a reverse-looking protection element set as GND DIR O/C REV. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be set as GND DIR O/C REV, thereby enabling the user to combine responses of various protection elements or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the negative-sequence directional or neutral directional overcurrent element. As both these elements have separate forward and reverse output operands, the reverse indication should be used (that is, NEG SEQ DIR OC1 REV or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 REV).
FWD.
The selected protection element (or elements in combination) should be coordinated with the selection of GND DIR O/C For all the forward external faults seen by an element set as GND DIR O/C FWD at one end of the line, the reverselooking element set as GND DIR O/C REV at the other end should pickup and provide a blocking signal. For greater security and to overcome spurious directional element operation during transients, adding a pickup delay greater than the pilot channel delay to the reverse directional element is recommended. TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the directional comparison unblocking scheme for coping with the exposure of both the over-reaching zone 2 and ground directional overcurrent function to current reversal conditions. The transient blocking logic applies to both operate (trip) and send (transmit) paths. Identifying the fault as a reverse fault prevents the scheme from both operating and keying the channel. If the reverse fault condition prevails for TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY value, the blocking operation will be extended by the transient blocking timer for the TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY value. This allows riding through current reversal conditions. However, if distance zone 1 picks up during the transient blocking condition, the blocking action is removed. This is to cope with evolving faults when an external fault is followed by an internal fault. Without the zone 1 feedback, the trip would be delayed unnecessarily. The TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY should not be longer than the fastest possible trip time for faults on an adjacent line so that extended blocking action could be established. This should take into account the pickup time of the reverselooking elements of the scheme. To avoid locking up a spurious reverse fault indication that can occur during internal fault conditions, the delay defined by this setting should not be too short.
TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: This setting defines a transient blocking mechanism embedded in the directional comparison unblocking scheme for coping with the exposure of the overreaching protection functions to current reversal conditions (see also the TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY setting above). This delay should be selected long enough to cope with transient conditions including not only current reversals but also spurious negative and zero-sequence currents occurring during breaker operations (in the case when neutral directional or negative-sequence directional overcurrent functions are used). The breaker failure time of the surrounding protection systems within the reach of the ground directional function used by the directional comparison unblocking scheme should be considered to make sure that the ground directional function is not jeopardized during delayed breaker operations.
ECHO DURATION: This setting defines the guaranteed and exact duration of the echo pulse. The duration does not depend on the duration and shape of the received RX signals. This setting enables the relay to avoid a permanent lockup of the transmit/receive loop. ECHO LOCKOUT: This setting defines the lockout period for the echo logic after sending the echo pulse. This setting enables the relay to avoid oscillations of the echo pulses during an autoreclosure dead-time after clearing an internal fault. LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: This setting defines the pickup value for validation of the line end open conditions as detected by the line pickup logic via the LINE PICKUP LEO PKP FlexLogic operand. The validated line end open
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condition is a requirement for the directional comparison unblocking scheme to return a received echo signal (if the echo feature is enabled). The value of this setting should take into account the principle of operation and settings of the line pickup element, which should thus be enabled. DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY: This setting represents the directional comparison unblocking duration time delay, and is the amount of time that the loss-of-guard without receipt of permissive trip must be present before the logic provides permission to operate if a forward fault is detected. It is set relatively short, but long enough to ride through the transition period of loss-of-guard with the receipt of a permissive signal that occurs with a normal trip. Typical setting values are from 4 to 32 ms. For most cases, a value of 8 ms may be used.
WINDOW
The tripping or unblocking window for loss-of-guard without permission is the difference between the DCUB LOG TRIP and DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY timers. For the default settings, this difference is 150 8 = 142 ms and occurs 8 ms after loss-of-guard was received, when the DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY timer has timed out. During this interval, the scheme has permission to operate if a forward fault is sensed, and no reverse faults or transient blocking. GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY: This setting represents the guard healthy security time delay, and is the time after the channel is restored that the guard signal must be present before the directional comparison unblocking scheme is put back in service. This reset timer allows the scheme to ride through any chattering in the channel. Typical values are from 100 to 500 ms, with a value of 150 ms commonly used.
DCUB LOG TRIP WINDOW: This setting represents the directional comparison unblocking lockout time delay, and is the amount of time from when any loss-of-guard signal is received until the directional comparison unblocking scheme is locked out without the presence of any RX1 to RX4 receive signal or any forward element. This timer seals-in when it expires, creating a blocking signal for all scheme functions and disabling the scheme until the guard signal is restored and the GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY timer expires. Typical values for this setting are from 160 to 180 ms; for most cases, a setting of about 150 ms may be used. DCUB SEAL-IN DELAY: The output FlexLogic operand (DCUB OP) is produced according to the directional comparison unblocking scheme logic. The DCUB SEAL-IN DELAY defines a minimum guaranteed duration of the DCUB OP pulse. As this operand runs the trip table of the directional comparison unblocking scheme, the DCUB TRIP A, DCUB TRIP B, DCUB TRIP C, and DCUB TRIP 3P trip operands are sealed-in for the same period of time. DCUB NO OF COMM BITS: This setting specifies the number of bits available on the communications channel for the scheme. With only one bit available, the scheme sends the direct under-reaching transfer trip command on bit 1 (DCUB TX1 operand) and responds to the direct trip command received on bit 1 (DCUB RX1 setting). The scheme uses only local fault type identification provided by the phase selector to assert the DCUB TRIP A, DCUB TRIP B, DCUB TRIP C and DCUB TRIP 3P output operands (see Chapter 8: Theory of Operation for details on the use of communication channels). DCUB RX1 through DCUB RX4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands to represent the permission receive signals for the scheme. Contact inputs interfacing with a signaling system(s) are typically used. These settings must be used in conjunction with the loss-of-guard signals, otherwise the scheme will not unblock and thus fail to operate. In single-bit applications, DCUB RX1 must be used. In two-bit applications, DCUB RX1 and DCUB RX2 must be used. In four-bit applications, DCUB RX1, DCUB RX2, DCUB RX3, and DCUB RX4 must be used.
DCUB LOG1 through DCUB LOG4: These settings allow the user to select the FlexLogic operands to represent the loss-of-guard receive signals for the scheme. Contact inputs interfacing with a signaling system(s) are typically used. Each loss-of-guard signal must correspond to the same receive signal from the same communications channel (that is, RX1 and LOG1 must be from the same communications channel, and the same for channels 2, 3 and 4, if used). In single-bit applications, DCUB RX1 and DCUB LOG1 must be used. In two-bit applications, DCUB RX1 with DCUB LOG1 and DCUB RX2 with DCUB LOG2 must be used. In four-bit applications, all receive and loss-of-guard signals must be used.
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SETTING DCUB SCHEME FUNCTION: Disabled = 0 Enabled = 1 SETTING DCUB BLOCKED: Off = 0 SETTINGS FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z2 PKP PHS DIST Z2 PKP tPKP SETTING GND DIR O/C FWD: Off = 0 SETTING DCUB NO OF COMM BITS: DCUB RX1: Off = 0 DCUB LOG1: Off = 0 OR DCUB RX2: Off = 0 DCUB LOG2: Off = 0 DCUB RX3: Off = 0 0 DCUB LOG3: Off = 0 DCUB RX4: Off = 0 DCUB LOG4: Off = 0 SETTING GND DIR O/C REV: Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS GND DIST Z4 PKP PHS DIST Z4 PKP GND DIST Z1 PKP PHS DIST Z1 PKP OR AND SETTINGS TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY: TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY: tPKP tRST OR Off = 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS LINE PICKUP LEO PKP SETTING DCUB ECHO COND: Off = 0 AND OR
Disabled
AND
OR
0 Phase Selector RX AND LOG FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP SETTINGS OR AND DCUB LOG TRIP WINDOW: tPKP 0 SETTINGS OR GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY: 0 tRST AND FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS AR FORCE 3P TRIP OPEN POLE OP 100ms SETTING DCUB PERMISSIVE ECHO: SETTINGS LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY: Phase Selector RX LOG Phase Selector OPEN POLE OP
DCUB NO OF COMM BITS: RUN FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DCUB TRIP A DCUB TRIP B TRIP TABLE DCUB TRIP C DCUB TRIP 3P
TRANSMIT TABLE FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS DCUB TX1 DCUB TX2 RUN DCUB TX3 DCUB TX4 ECHO TABLE
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Enabled
tPKP 0 SETTING ECHO DURATION: ECHO LOCKOUT: Echo duration/lockout logic AND
Custom
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CONTACT INPUTS CONTACT INPUT H5a CONTACT INPUT H5a ID: Cont Ip 1 CONTACT INPUT H5a DEBNCE TIME: 2.0 ms CONTACT INPUT H5a EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The contact inputs menu contains configuration settings for each contact input as well as voltage thresholds for each group of four contact inputs. Upon startup, the relay processor determines (from an assessment of the installed modules) which contact inputs are available and then display settings for only those inputs. An alphanumeric ID may be assigned to a contact input for diagnostic, setting, and event recording purposes. The CONTACT IP X On (Logic 1) FlexLogic operand corresponds to contact input X being closed, while CONTACT IP X Off corresponds to contact input X being open. The CONTACT INPUT DEBNCE TIME defines the time required for the contact to overcome contact bouncing conditions. As this time differs for different contact types and manufacturers, set it as a maximum contact debounce time (per manufacturer specifications) plus some margin to ensure proper operation. If CONTACT INPUT EVENTS is set to Enabled, every change in the contact input state will trigger an event. A raw status is scanned for all Contact Inputs synchronously at the constant rate of 0.5 ms as shown in the figure below. The DC input voltage is compared to a user-settable threshold. A new contact input state must be maintained for a usersettable debounce time in order for the D60 to validate the new contact state. In the figure below, the debounce time is set at 2.5 ms; thus the 6th sample in a row validates the change of state (mark no. 1 in the diagram). Once validated (debounced), the contact input asserts a corresponding FlexLogic operand and logs an event as per user setting. A time stamp of the first sample in the sequence that validates the new state is used when logging the change of the contact input into the Event Recorder (mark no. 2 in the diagram). Protection and control elements, as well as FlexLogic equations and timers, are executed eight times in a power system cycle. The protection pass duration is controlled by the frequency tracking mechanism. The FlexLogic operand reflecting the debounced state of the contact is updated at the protection pass following the validation (marks no. 3 and 4 on the figure below). The update is performed at the beginning of the protection pass so all protection and control functions, as well as FlexLogic equations, are fed with the updated states of the contact inputs.
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The FlexLogic operand response time to the contact input change is equal to the debounce time setting plus up to one protection pass (variable and depending on system frequency if frequency tracking enabled). If the change of state occurs just after a protection pass, the recognition is delayed until the subsequent protection pass; that is, by the entire duration of the protection pass. If the change occurs just prior to a protection pass, the state is recognized immediately. Statistically a delay of half the protection pass is expected. Owing to the 0.5 ms scan rate, the time resolution for the input contact is below 1msec. For example, 8 protection passes per cycle on a 60 Hz system correspond to a protection pass every 2.1 ms. With a contact debounce time setting of 3.0 ms, the FlexLogic operand-assert time limits are: 3.0 + 0.0 = 3.0 ms and 3.0 + 2.1 = 5.1 ms. These time limits depend on how soon the protection pass runs after the debouncing time. Regardless of the contact debounce time setting, the contact input event is time-stamped with a 1 s accuracy using the time of the first scan corresponding to the new state (mark no. 2 below). Therefore, the time stamp reflects a change in the DC voltage across the contact input terminals that was not accidental as it was subsequently validated using the debounce timer. Keep in mind that the associated FlexLogic operand is asserted/de-asserted later, after validating the change. The debounce algorithm is symmetrical: the same procedure and debounce time are used to filter the LOW-HIGH (marks no.1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure below) and HIGH-LOW (marks no. 5, 6, 7, and 8 below) transitions.
INPUT VOLTAGE
USER-PROGRAMMABLE THRESHOLD
1
At this time, the new (HIGH) contact state is validated
3
The FlexLogic operand is going to be asserted at this protection pass
TM
6
Time stamp of the first scan corresponding to the new validated state is logged in the SOE record
5
At this time, the new (LOW) contact state is validated
5
RAW CONTACT STATE
Time stamp of the first scan corresponding to the new validated state is logged in the SOE record
7
The FlexLogicTM operand is going to be de-asserted at this protection pass
4
FLEXLOGICTM OPERAND
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Figure 5148: INPUT CONTACT DEBOUNCING MECHANISM AND TIME-STAMPING SAMPLE TIMING Contact inputs are isolated in groups of four to allow connection of wet contacts from different voltage sources for each group. The CONTACT INPUT THRESHOLDS determine the minimum voltage required to detect a closed contact input. This value should be selected according to the following criteria: 17 for 24 V sources, 33 for 48 V sources, 84 for 110 to 125 V sources and 166 for 250 V sources. For example, to use contact input H5a as a status input from the breaker 52b contact to seal-in the trip relay and record it in the Event Records menu, make the following settings changes:
CONTACT INPUT H5A ID: "Breaker Closed CONTACT INPUT H5A EVENTS: "Enabled"
(52b)"
Note that the 52b contact is closed when the breaker is open and open when the breaker is closed.
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PATH: SETTINGS
INPUTS/OUTPUTS
VIRTUAL INPUTS
VIRTUAL INPUT
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 FUNCTION: Disabled VIRTUAL INPUT Virt Ip 1 VIRTUAL INPUT TYPE: Latched 1 ID: 1
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MANDS
There are 64 virtual inputs that can be individually programmed to respond to input signals from the keypad (via the COMmenu) and communications protocols. All virtual input operands are defaulted to Off (logic 0) unless the appropriate input signal is received. If the VIRTUAL INPUT x FUNCTION is to Disabled, the input will be forced to off (logic 0) regardless of any attempt to alter the input. If set to Enabled, the input operates as shown on the logic diagram and generates output FlexLogic operands in response to received input signals and the applied settings. There are two types of operation: self-reset and latched. If VIRTUAL INPUT x TYPE is Self-Reset, when the input signal transits from off to on, the output operand will be set to on for only one evaluation of the FlexLogic equations and then return to off. If set to Latched, the virtual input sets the state of the output operand to the same state as the most recent received input. The self-reset operating mode generates the output operand for a single evaluation of the FlexLogic equations. If the operand is to be used anywhere other than internally in a FlexLogic equation, it will likely have to be lengthened in time. A FlexLogic timer with a delayed reset can perform this function.
SETTING
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 FUNCTION:
NOTE
Disabled=0 Enabled=1
AND
S Latch R
OR
SETTING
VIRTUAL INPUT 1 ID:
AND
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a) DIGITAL OUTPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUT H1 Range: Up to 12 alphanumeric characters
CONTACT OUTPUT H1
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID Cont Op 1 OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: Off OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: Off CONTACT OUTPUT H1 EVENTS: Enabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Upon startup of the relay, the main processor will determine from an assessment of the modules installed in the chassis which contact outputs are available and present the settings for only these outputs. An ID may be assigned to each contact output. The signal that can OPERATE a contact output may be any FlexLogic operand (virtual output, element state, contact input, or virtual input). An additional FlexLogic operand may be used to SEAL-IN the relay. Any change of state of a contact output can be logged as an Event if programmed to do so. For example, the trip circuit current is monitored by providing a current threshold detector in series with some Form-A contacts (see the trip circuit example in the Digital elements section). The monitor will set a flag (see the specifications for Form-A). The name of the FlexLogic operand set by the monitor, consists of the output relay designation, followed by the name of the flag; for example, CONT OP 1 ION. In most breaker control circuits, the trip coil is connected in series with a breaker auxiliary contact used to interrupt current flow after the breaker has tripped, to prevent damage to the less robust initiating contact. This can be done by monitoring an auxiliary contact on the breaker which opens when the breaker has tripped, but this scheme is subject to incorrect operation caused by differences in timing between breaker auxiliary contact change-of-state and interruption of current in the trip circuit. The most dependable protection of the initiating contact is provided by directly measuring current in the tripping circuit, and using this parameter to control resetting of the initiating relay. This scheme is often called trip seal-in. This can be realized in the D60 using the CONT OP 1 ION FlexLogic operand to seal-in the contact output as follows:
CONTACT OUTPUT H1 ID: Cont Op 1" OUTPUT H1 OPERATE: any suitable FlexLogic OUTPUT H1 SEAL-IN: Cont Op 1 IOn CONTACT OUTPUT H1 EVENTS: Enabled
operand
b) LATCHING OUTPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUT H1a Range: Up to 12 alphanumeric characters
OUTPUT H1a ID L-Cont Op 1 OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: Off OUTPUT H1a RESET: Off OUTPUT H1a TYPE: Operate-dominant OUTPUT H1a EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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The D60 latching output contacts are mechanically bi-stable and controlled by two separate (open and close) coils. As such they retain their position even if the relay is not powered up. The relay recognizes all latching output contact cards and populates the setting menu accordingly. On power up, the relay reads positions of the latching contacts from the hardware before executing any other functions of the relay (such as protection and control features or FlexLogic). The latching output modules, either as a part of the relay or as individual modules, are shipped from the factory with all latching contacts opened. It is highly recommended to double-check the programming and positions of the latching contacts when replacing a module. Since the relay asserts the output contact and reads back its position, it is possible to incorporate self-monitoring capabilities for the latching outputs. If any latching outputs exhibits a discrepancy, the LATCHING OUTPUT ERROR self-test error is declared. The error is signaled by the LATCHING OUT ERROR FlexLogic operand, event, and target message. OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: This setting specifies a FlexLogic operand to operate the close coil of the contact. The relay will seal-in this input to safely close the contact. Once the contact is closed and the RESET input is logic 0 (off), any activity of the OPERATE input, such as subsequent chattering, will not have any effect. With both the OPERATE and RESET inputs active (logic 1), the response of the latching contact is specified by the OUTPUT H1A TYPE setting. OUTPUT H1a RESET: This setting specifies a FlexLogic operand to operate the trip coil of the contact. The relay will seal-in this input to safely open the contact. Once the contact is opened and the OPERATE input is logic 0 (off), any activity of the RESET input, such as subsequent chattering, will not have any effect. With both the OPERATE and RESET inputs active (logic 1), the response of the latching contact is specified by the OUTPUT H1A TYPE setting. OUTPUT H1a TYPE: This setting specifies the contact response under conflicting control inputs; that is, when both the OPERATE and RESET signals are applied. With both control inputs applied simultaneously, the contact will close if set to Operate-dominant and will open if set to Reset-dominant.
Application Example 1: A latching output contact H1a is to be controlled from two user-programmable pushbuttons (buttons number 1 and 2). The following settings should be applied. Program the Latching Outputs by making the following changes in the SETTINGS CONTACT OUTPUT H1a menu (assuming an H4L module): PUTS
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: PUSHBUTTON 1 ON OUTPUT H1a RESET: PUSHBUTTON 2 ON INPUTS/OUTPUTS CONTACT OUT-
Program the pushbuttons by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP USER PUSHBUTTON 1 and USER PUSHBUTTON 2 menus: TONS
PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION: Self-reset PUSHBTN 1 DROP-OUT TIME: 0.00 s
USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUT-
Application Example 2: A relay, having two latching contacts H1a and H1c, is to be programmed. The H1a contact is to be a Type-a contact, while the H1c contact is to be a Type-b contact (Type-a means closed after exercising the operate input; Type-b means closed after exercising the reset input). The relay is to be controlled from virtual outputs: VO1 to operate and VO2 to reset.
INPUTS/OUTPUTS Program the Latching Outputs by making the following changes in the SETTINGS PUTS CONTACT OUTPUT H1a and CONTACT OUTPUT H1c menus (assuming an H4L module): OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: VO1 OUTPUT H1a RESET: VO2 OUTPUT H1c OPERATE: VO2 OUTPUT H1c RESET: VO1 CONTACT OUT-
Since the two physical contacts in this example are mechanically separated and have individual control inputs, they will not operate at exactly the same time. A discrepancy in the range of a fraction of a maximum operating time may occur. Therefore, a pair of contacts programmed to be a multi-contact relay will not guarantee any specific sequence of operation (such as make before break). If required, the sequence of operation must be programmed explicitly by delaying some of the control inputs as shown in the next application example. Application Example 3: A make before break functionality must be added to the preceding example. An overlap of 20 ms is required to implement this functionality as described below:
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5.8 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS Write the following FlexLogic equation (EnerVista UR Setup example shown):
5 SETTINGS
Both timers (Timer 1 and Timer 2) should be set to 20 ms pickup and 0 ms dropout.
PUTS
Program the Latching Outputs by making the following changes in the SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS CONTACT OUTPUT H1a and CONTACT OUTPUT H1c menus (assuming an H4L module):
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: VO1 OUTPUT H1a RESET: VO4 OUTPUT H1c OPERATE: VO2 OUTPUT H1c RESET: VO3
CONTACT OUT-
Application Example 4: A latching contact H1a is to be controlled from a single virtual output VO1. The contact should stay closed as long as VO1 is high, and should stay opened when VO1 is low. Program the relay as follows.
PUTS
Program the Latching Outputs by making the following changes in the SETTINGS CONTACT OUTPUT H1a menu (assuming an H4L module):
OUTPUT H1a OPERATE: VO1 OUTPUT H1a RESET: VO2
INPUTS/OUTPUTS
CONTACT OUT-
VIRTUAL OUTPUT
1 ID
MESSAGE
There are 96 virtual outputs that may be assigned via FlexLogic. If not assigned, the output will be forced to OFF (Logic 0). An ID may be assigned to each virtual output. Virtual outputs are resolved in each pass through the evaluation of the FlexLogic equations. Any change of state of a virtual output can be logged as an event if programmed to do so. For example, if Virtual Output 1 is the trip signal from FlexLogic and the trip relay is used to signal events, the settings would be programmed as follows:
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VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 ID: "Trip" VIRTUAL OUTPUT 1 EVENTS: "Disabled"
5.8.5 REMOTE DEVICES a) REMOTE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS OVERVIEW Remote inputs and outputs provide a means of exchanging digital state information between Ethernet-networked devices. The IEC 61850 GSSE (Generic Substation State Event) and GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) standards are used. The IEC 61850 specification requires that communications between devices be implemented on Ethernet. For UR-series relays, Ethernet communications is provided on all CPU modules except type 9E.
NOTE
The sharing of digital point state information between GSSE/GOOSE equipped relays is essentially an extension to FlexLogic, allowing distributed FlexLogic by making operands available to/from devices on a common communications network. In addition to digital point states, GSSE/GOOSE messages identify the originator of the message and provide other information required by the communication specification. All devices listen to network messages and capture data only from messages that have originated in selected devices. IEC 61850 GSSE messages are compatible with UCA GOOSE messages and contain a fixed set of digital points. IEC 61850 GOOSE messages can, in general, contain any configurable data items. When used by the remote input/output feature, IEC 61850 GOOSE messages contain the same data as GSSE messages. Both GSSE and GOOSE messages are designed to be short, reliable, and high priority. GOOSE messages have additional advantages over GSSE messages due to their support of VLAN (virtual LAN) and Ethernet priority tagging functionality. The GSSE message structure contains space for 128 bit pairs representing digital point state information. The IEC 61850 specification provides 32 DNA bit pairs that represent the state of two pre-defined events and 30 user-defined events. All remaining bit pairs are UserSt bit pairs, which are status bits representing user-definable events. The D60 implementation provides 32 of the 96 available UserSt bit pairs. The IEC 61850 specification includes features that are used to cope with the loss of communication between transmitting and receiving devices. Each transmitting device will send a GSSE/GOOSE message upon a successful power-up, when the state of any included point changes, or after a specified interval (the default update time) if a change-of-state has not occurred. The transmitting device also sends a hold time which is set greater than three times the programmed default time required by the receiving device. Receiving devices are constantly monitoring the communications network for messages they require, as recognized by the identification of the originating device carried in the message. Messages received from remote devices include the message time allowed to live. The receiving relay sets a timer assigned to the originating device to this time interval, and if it has not received another message from this device at time-out, the remote device is declared to be non-communicating, so it will use the programmed default state for all points from that specific remote device. If a message is received from a remote device before the time allowed to live expires, all points for that device are updated to the states contained in the message and the hold timer is restarted. The status of a remote device, where Offline indicates non-communicating, can be displayed. The remote input/output facility provides for 32 remote inputs and 64 remote outputs. b) LOCAL DEVICES: ID OF DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING GSSE MESSAGES In a D60 relay, the device ID that represents the IEC 61850 GOOSE application ID (GoID) name string sent as part of each PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GOOSE message is programmed in the SETTINGS GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION TRANSMISSION FIXED GOOSE GOOSE ID setting. Likewise, the device ID that represents the IEC 61850 GSSE application ID name string sent as part of each GSSE message is programmed in the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE TRANSMISSION GSSE GSSE ID setting. CONFIGURATION In D60 releases previous to 5.0x, these name strings were represented by the RELAY NAME setting.
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5.8 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS c) REMOTE DEVICES: ID OF DEVICE FOR RECEIVING GSSE MESSAGES
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS REMOTE DEVICES REMOTE DEVICE 1(16)
5 SETTINGS
REMOTE DEVICE
REMOTE DEVICE 1 ID: Remote Device 1 REMOTE DEVICE 1 ETYPE APPID: 0 REMOTE DEVICE 1 DATASET: Fixed
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Remote devices are available for setting purposes. A receiving relay must be programmed to capture messages from only those originating remote devices of interest. This setting is used to select specific remote devices by entering (bottom row) the exact identification (ID) assigned to those devices. The REMOTE DEVICE 1 ETYPE APPID setting is only used with GOOSE messages; they are not applicable to GSSE messages. This setting identifies the Ethernet application identification in the GOOSE message. It should match the corresponding settings on the sending device. The REMOTE DEVICE 1 DATASET setting provides for the choice of the D60 fixed (DNA/UserSt) dataset (that is, containing DNA and UserSt bit pairs), or one of the configurable datasets. Note that the dataset for the received data items must be made up of existing items in an existing logical node. For this reason, logical node GGIO3 is instantiated to hold the incoming data items. GGIO3 is not necessary to make use of the received data. The remote input data item mapping takes care of the mapping of the inputs to remote input FlexLogic operands. However, GGIO3 data can be read by IEC 61850 clients.
5
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE INPUT 1(32)
REMOTE INPUT 1
1 ID:
Range: 1 to 16 inclusive
MESSAGE
Range: None, DNA-1 to DNA-32, UserSt-1 to UserSt-32, Config Item 1 to Config Item 64 Range: On, Off, Latest/On, Latest/Off
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Remote Inputs that create FlexLogic operands at the receiving relay are extracted from GSSE/GOOSE messages originating in remote devices. Each remote input can be selected from a list consisting of 64 selections: DNA-1 through DNA-32 and UserSt-1 through UserSt-32. The function of DNA inputs is defined in the IEC 61850 specification and is presented in the IEC 61850 DNA Assignments table in the Remote outputs section. The function of UserSt inputs is defined by the user selection of the FlexLogic operand whose state is represented in the GSSE/GOOSE message. A user must program a DNA point from the appropriate FlexLogic operand. Remote input 1 must be programmed to replicate the logic state of a specific signal from a specific remote device for local use. This programming is performed via the three settings shown above. The REMOTE INPUT 1 ID setting allows the user to assign descriptive text to the remote input. The REMOTE IN 1 DEVICE setting selects the number (1 to 16) of the remote device which originates the required signal, as previously assigned to the remote device via the setting REMOTE DEVICE 1(16) ID (see the Remote devices section). The REMOTE IN 1 ITEM setting selects the specific bits of the GSSE/GOOSE message required. The REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE setting selects the logic state for this point if the local relay has just completed startup or the remote device sending the point is declared to be non-communicating. The following choices are available:
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5 SETTINGS Setting REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE to On value defaults the input to logic 1. Setting REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE to Off value defaults the input to logic 0.
Setting REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE to Latest/On freezes the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known, such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input will default to logic 1. When communication resumes, the input becomes fully operational. Setting REMOTE IN 1 DEFAULT STATE to Latest/Off freezes the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known, such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input will default to logic 0. When communication resumes, the input becomes fully operational. For additional information on GSSE/GOOOSE messaging, refer to the Remote devices section in this chapter.
NOTE
REM DPS IN 1 ID: RemDPS Ip 1 REM DPS IN 1 DEV: Remote Device 1 REM DPS IN 1 ITEM: None REM DPS IN 1 EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Remote double-point status inputs are extracted from GOOSE messages originating in the remote device. Each remote double point status input must be programmed to replicate the logic state of a specific signal from a specific remote device for local use. This functionality is accomplished with the five remote double-point status input settings. REM DPS IN 1 ID: This setting assigns descriptive text to the remote double-point status input. REM DPS IN 1 DEV: This setting selects a remote device ID to indicate the origin of a GOOSE message. The range is selected from the remote device IDs specified in the Remote devices section. REM DPS IN 1 ITEM: This setting specifies the required bits of the GOOSE message.
The configurable GOOSE dataset items must be changed to accept a double-point status item from a GOOSE dataset COMMUNICATION IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION (changes are made in the SETTINGS RECEPTION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE CONFIGIGURABLE GOOSE 1(8) CONFIG GSE 1 DATASET ITEMS menus). Dataset items configured to receive any of GGIO3.ST.IndPos1.stV to GGIO3.ST.IndPos5.stV will accept double-point status information that will be decoded by the remote double-point status inputs configured to this dataset item. The remote double point status is recovered from the received IEC 61850 dataset and is available as through the RemDPS Ip 1 BAD, RemDPS Ip 1 INTERM, RemDPS Ip 1 OFF, and RemDPS Ip 1 ON FlexLogic operands. These operands can then be used in breaker or disconnect control schemes. 5.8.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS a) DNA BIT PAIRS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS REMOTE OUTPUTS DNA BIT PAIRS REMOTE OUPUTS DNA- 1(32) BIT PAIR Range: FlexLogic operand
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5 SETTINGS
Remote outputs (1 to 32) are FlexLogic operands inserted into GSSE/GOOSE messages that are transmitted to remote devices on a LAN. Each digital point in the message must be programmed to carry the state of a specific FlexLogic operand. The above operand setting represents a specific DNA function (as shown in the following table) to be transmitted. Table 524: IEC 61850 DNA ASSIGNMENTS
DNA 1 2 IEC 61850 DEFINITION Test ConfRev FLEXLOGIC OPERAND IEC 61850 TEST MODE IEC 61850 CONF REV
Remote outputs 1 to 32 originate as GSSE/GOOSE messages to be transmitted to remote devices. Each digital point in the message must be programmed to carry the state of a specific FlexLogic operand. The setting above is used to select the operand which represents a specific UserSt function (as selected by the user) to be transmitted. The following setting represents the time between sending GSSE/GOOSE messages when there has been no change of state of any selected digital point. This setting is located in the PRODUCT SETUP COMMUNICATIONS IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION settings menu.
5
NOTE
Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1
For more information on GSSE/GOOSE messaging, refer to Remote Inputs/Outputs Overview in the Remote Devices section. 5.8.9 RESETTING
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS RESETTING
RESETTING
Some events can be programmed to latch the faceplate LED event indicators and the target message on the display. Once set, the latching mechanism will hold all of the latched indicators or messages in the set state after the initiating condition has cleared until a RESET command is received to return these latches (not including FlexLogic latches) to the reset state. The RESET command can be sent from the faceplate Reset button, a remote device via a communications channel, or any programmed operand. When the RESET command is received by the relay, two FlexLogic operands are created. These operands, which are stored as events, reset the latches if the initiating condition has cleared. The three sources of RESET commands each create the RESET OP FlexLogic operand. Each individual source of a RESET command also creates its individual operand RESET OP (PUSHBUTTON), RESET OP (COMMS) or RESET OP (OPERAND) to identify the source of the command. The setting shown above selects the operand that will create the RESET OP (OPERAND) operand.
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a) DIRECT INPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS DIRECT INPUTS DIRECT INPUT 1(32) Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters
DIRECT INPUT
Range: 1 to 16
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
DIRECT INPUT 1 BIT NUMBER: 1 DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE: Off DIRECT INPUT 1 EVENTS: Disabled
Range: 1 to 32
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
These settings specify how the direct input information is processed. The DIRECT INPUT 1 NAME setting allows the user to assign a descriptive name to the direct input. The DIRECT INPUT 1 DEVICE ID represents the source of direct input 1. The specified direct input is driven by the device identified here. The DIRECT INPUT 1 BIT NUMBER is the bit number to extract the state for direct input 1. Direct Input 1 is driven by the bit identified as DIRECT INPUT 1 BIT NUMBER. This corresponds to the direct output number of the sending device. The DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE represents the state of the direct input when the associated direct device is offline. The following choices are available: Setting DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE to On value defaults the input to Logic 1. Setting DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE to Off value defaults the input to Logic 0. Setting DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE to Latest/On freezes the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known, such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input will default to Logic 1. When communication resumes, the input becomes fully operational. Setting DIRECT INPUT 1 DEFAULT STATE to Latest/Off freezes the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known, such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, the input will default to Logic 0. When communication resumes, the input becomes fully operational.
b) DIRECT OUTPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS DIRECT OUTPUTS DIRECT OUTPUT 1(32) Range: up to 12 alphanumeric characters
DIRECT OUTPUT
1 NAME: 1 OPERAND:
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The DIRECT OUT 1 NAME setting allows the user to assign a descriptive name to the direct output. The DIR OUT 1 OPERAND is the FlexLogic operand that determines the state of this direct output. c) APPLICATION EXAMPLES The examples introduced in the earlier Direct inputs and outputs section (part of the Product Setup section) are continued below to illustrate usage of the direct inputs and outputs.
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5.8 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS EXAMPLE 1: EXTENDING INPUT/OUTPUT CAPABILITIES OF A D60 RELAY
5 SETTINGS
Consider an application that requires additional quantities of digital inputs or output contacts or lines of programmable logic that exceed the capabilities of a single UR-series chassis. The problem is solved by adding an extra UR-series IED, such as the C30, to satisfy the additional inputs/outputs and programmable logic requirements. The two IEDs are connected via single-channel digital communication cards as shown below.
TX1
UR IED 1
RX1
TX1
UR IED 2
RX1
Figure 5150: INPUT AND OUTPUT EXTENSION VIA DIRECT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS Assume contact input 1 from UR IED 2 is to be used by UR IED 1. The following settings should be applied (Direct Input 5 and bit number 12 are used, as an example): UR IED 1:
DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID = 2 DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER = 12
UR IED 2:
= Cont Ip 1 On
The Cont Ip 1 On operand of UR IED 2 is now available in UR IED 1 as DIRECT INPUT 5 ON. EXAMPLE 2: INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION
A simple interlocking busbar protection scheme can be accomplished by sending a blocking signal from downstream devices, say 2, 3 and 4, to the upstream device that monitors a single incomer of the busbar, as shown in the figure below.
UR IED 1
BLOCK
UR IED 2
UR IED 3
UR IED 4
842712A1.CDR
Figure 5151: SAMPLE INTERLOCKING BUSBAR PROTECTION SCHEME Assume that Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 is used by Devices 2, 3, and 4 to block Device 1. If not blocked, Device 1 would trip the bus upon detecting a fault and applying a short coordination time delay. The following settings should be applied (assume Bit 3 is used by all 3 devices to sent the blocking signal and Direct Inputs 7, 8, and 9 are used by the receiving device to monitor the three blocking signals): UR IED 2: UR IED 3: UR IED 4: UR IED 1:
DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP" DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP" DIRECT OUT 3 OPERAND: "PHASE IOC1 OP" DIRECT INPUT 7 DEVICE ID: "2" DIRECT INPUT 7 BIT NUMBER: "3" DIRECT INPUT 7 DEFAULT STATE: select DIRECT INPUT 8 DEVICE ID: "3" DIRECT INPUT 8 BIT NUMBER: "3" DIRECT INPUT 8 DEFAULT STATE: select
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DIRECT INPUT 9 DEVICE ID: "4" DIRECT INPUT 9 BIT NUMBER: "3" DIRECT INPUT 9 DEFAULT STATE: select
Now the three blocking signals are available in UR IED 1 as DIRECT INPUT 7 ON, DIRECT INPUT 8 ON, and DIRECT INPUT 9 ON. Upon losing communications or a device, the scheme is inclined to block (if any default state is set to On), or to trip the bus on any overcurrent condition (all default states set to Off). EXAMPLE 2: PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES Consider a three-terminal line protection application shown in the figure below.
UR IED 1 UR IED 2
UR IED 3
842713A1.CDR
Figure 5152: THREE-TERMINAL LINE APPLICATION Assume the Hybrid Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (Hybrid POTT) scheme is applied using the architecture shown below. The scheme output operand HYB POTT TX1 is used to key the permission.
TX1
RX1
RX2
UR IED 1
RX1 TX1
UR IED 2
TX2
RX1
UR IED 3
TX1
842714A1.CDR
Figure 5153: SINGLE-CHANNEL OPEN-LOOP CONFIGURATION In the above architecture, Devices 1 and 3 do not communicate directly. Therefore, Device 2 must act as a bridge. The following settings should be applied: UR IED 1:
DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1" DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "2" DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2) DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "2" DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "4" (effectively, this is a message from DIRECT OUT 2 OPERAND: "HYB POTT TX1" DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "2" DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" (this is a message from IED 2) DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "2" DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "3" (effectively, this is a message from DIRECT INPUT 5 DEVICE ID: "1" DIRECT INPUT 5 BIT NUMBER: "2" DIRECT INPUT 6 DEVICE ID: "3" DIRECT INPUT 6 BIT NUMBER: "2"
IED 3)
UR IED 3:
IED 1)
UR IED 2:
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5 SETTINGS
Signal flow between the three IEDs is shown in the figure below:
UR IED 1
DIRECT OUT 2 = HYB POTT TX1 DIRECT INPUT 5 DIRECT INPUT 6
UR IED 2
DIRECT INPUT 5 DIRECT OUT 2 = HYB POTT TX1 DIRECT OUT 4 = DIRECT INPUT 6 DIRECT OUT 3 = DIRECT INPUT 5 DIRECT INPUT 6
UR IED 3
Figure 5154: SIGNAL FLOW FOR DIRECT INPUT AND OUTPUT EXAMPLE 3 In three-terminal applications, both the remote terminals must grant permission to trip. Therefore, at each terminal, direct inputs 5 and 6 should be ANDed in FlexLogic and the resulting operand configured as the permission to trip (HYB POTT RX1 setting).
5.8.11 TELEPROTECTION INPUTS AND OUTPUTS a) OVERVIEW The relay provides sixteen teleprotection inputs on communications channel 1 (numbered 1-1 through 1-16) and sixteen teleprotection inputs on communications channel 2 (on two-terminals two-channel and three-terminal systems only, numbered 2-1 through 2-16). The remote relay connected to channels 1 and 2 of the local relay is programmed by assigning FlexLogic operands to be sent via the selected communications channel. This allows the user to create distributed protection and control schemes via dedicated communications channels. Some examples are directional comparison pilot schemes and direct transfer tripping. It should be noted that failures of communications channels will affect teleprotection functionality. The teleprotection function must be enabled to utilize the inputs. b) TELEPROTECTION INPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS TELEPROTECTION TELEPROT INPUTS Range: Off, On, Latest/Off, Latest/On
TELEPROT INPUTS
TELEPROT INPUT 1-1 DEFAULT: Off TELEPROT INPUT 1-2 DEFAULT: Off
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
TELEPROT INPUT 1-16 DEFAULT: Off TELEPROT INPUT 2-1 DEFAULT: Off TELEPROT INPUT 2-2 DEFAULT: Off
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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Setting the TELEPROT INPUT ~~ DEFAULT setting to On defaults the input to logic 1 when the channel fails. A value of Off defaults the input to logic 0 when the channel fails. The Latest/On and Latest/Off values freeze the input in case of lost communications. If the latest state is not known, such as after relay power-up but before the first communication exchange, then the input defaults to logic 1 for Latest/On and logic 0 for Latest/Off. c) TELEPROTECTION OUTPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS TELEPROTECTION TELEPROT OUTPUTS Range: FlexLogic operand
TELEPROT OUTPUTS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
TELEPROT OUTPUT 1-16: Off TELEPROT OUTPUT 2-1: Off TELEPROT OUTPUT 2-2: Off
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
As the following figure demonstrates, processing of the teleprotection inputs/outputs is dependent on the number of communication channels and terminals. On two-terminal two-channel systems, they are processed continuously on each channel and mapped separately per channel. Therefore, to achieve redundancy, the user must assign the same operand on both channels (teleprotection outputs at the sending end or corresponding teleprotection inputs at the receiving end). On three-terminal two-channel systems, redundancy is achieved by programming signal re-transmittal in the case of channel failure between any pair of relays.
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5 SETTINGS
UR-1
ACTUAL VALUES CHANNEL 1 STATUS: SETTING TELEPROT OUTPUT 1-1: (same for 1-2...1-16) Off (Flexlogic Operand) SETTING TELEPROT INPUT 1-1 DEFAULT: (same for 1-2...1-16) FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TELEPRO INPUT 1-1 On
UR-2
SETTING TELEPROT INPUT 1-1 DEFAULT: (same for 1-2...1-16) On Off OR FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TELEPRO INPUT 1-1 On
Communication channel #1
(Teleprotection I/O Enabled)
SETTING
TELEPROT OUTPUT 1-1:
On OR Off
Fail OK
ACTUAL VALUES CHANNEL 2 STATUS: SETTING TELEPROT OUTPUT 2-1: (same for 1-2...1-16) Off (Flexlogic Operand) SETTING TELEPROT INPUT 2-1 DEFAULT: (same for 1-2...1-16) FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
TELEPRO INPUT 2-1 On
UR-2 or UR-3
Communication channel #2
(On 3-terminal system or 2-terminal with redundant channel)
SETTING (same for 2-2...2-16)
TELEPROT OUTPUT 2-1:
On OR Off
Fail OK
842750A2.CDR
5
PATH: SETTINGS
Figure 5155: TELEPROTECTION INPUT/OUTPUT PROCESSING 5.8.12 IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS
INPUTS/OUTPUTS IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS GOOSE ANALOG INPUT 1(16) Range: 1000000.000 to 1000000.000 in steps of 0.001
ANALOG 1 DEFAULT: 1000.000 ANALOG 1 DEFAULT MODE: Default Value GOOSE ANALOG UNITS: 1
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The IEC 61850 GOOSE analog inputs feature allows the transmission of analog values between any two UR-series devices. The following settings are available for each GOOSE analog input. ANALOG 1 DEFAULT: This setting specifies the value of the GOOSE analog input when the sending device is offline and the ANALOG 1 DEFAULT MODE is set to Default Value.This setting is stored as an IEEE 754 / IEC 60559 floating point number. Because of the large range of this setting, not all possible values can be stored. Some values may be rounded to the closest possible floating point number. ANALOG 1 DEFAULT MODE: When the sending device is offline and this setting is Last Known, the value of the GOOSE analog input remains at the last received value. When the sending device is offline and this setting value is Default Value, then the value of the GOOSE analog input is defined by the ANALOG 1 DEFAULT setting. GOOSE ANALOG 1 UNITS: This setting specifies a four-character alphanumeric string that can is used in the actual values display of the corresponding GOOSE analog input value. GOOSE ANALOG 1 PU: This setting specifies the per-unit base factor when using the GOOSE analog input FlexAnalog values in other D60 features, such as FlexElements. The base factor is applied to the GOOSE analog input FlexAnalog quantity to normalize it to a per-unit quantity. The base units are described in the following table.
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The GOOSE analog input FlexAnalog values are available for use in other D60 functions that use FlexAnalog values. 5.8.13 IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS
PATH: SETTINGS INPUTS/OUTPUTS IEC 61850 GOOSE UINTEGERS GOOSE UINTEGER INPUT 1(16) Range: 0 to 429496295 in steps of 1
The IEC 61850 GOOSE uinteger inputs feature allows the transmission of FlexInteger values between any two URseries devices. The following settings are available for each GOOSE uinteger input. UINTEGER 1 DEFAULT: This setting specifies the value of the GOOSE uinteger input when the sending device is offline and the UINTEGER 1 DEFAULT MODE is set to Default Value.This setting is stored as a 32-bit unsigned integer number. UINTEGER 1 DEFAULT MODE: When the sending device is offline and this setting is Last Known, the value of the GOOSE uinteger input remains at the last received value. When the sending device is offline and this setting value is Default Value, then the value of the GOOSE uinteger input is defined by the UINTEGER 1 DEFAULT setting.
The GOOSE integer input FlexInteger values are available for use in other D60 functions that use FlexInteger values.
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DCMA INPUT H1
DCMA INPUT H1 ID: DCMA Ip 1 DCMA INPUT H1 UNITS: A DCMA INPUT H1 RANGE: 0 to -1 mA DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE: 0.000 DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE: 0.000
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: 0 to 1 mA, 0 to +1 mA, 1 to +1 mA, 0 to 5 mA, 0 to 10mA, 0 to 20 mA, 4 to 20 mA Range: 9999.999 to +9999.999 in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from external transducers and convert these signals into a digital format for use as required. The relay will accept inputs in the range of 1 to +20 mA DC, suitable for use with most common transducer output ranges; all inputs are assumed to be linear over the complete range. Specific hardware details are contained in chapter 3.
Before the dcmA input signal can be used, the value of the signal measured by the relay must be converted to the range and quantity of the external transducer primary input parameter, such as DC voltage or temperature. The relay simplifies this process by internally scaling the output from the external transducer and displaying the actual primary parameter. dcmA input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with the settings shown here. The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up, the relay will automatically generate configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclusive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel. Settings are automatically generated for every channel available in the specific relay as shown above for the first channel of a type 5F transducer module installed in slot H. The function of the channel may be either Enabled or Disabled. If Disabled, no actual values are created for the channel. An alphanumeric ID is assigned to each channel; this ID will be included in the channel actual value, along with the programmed units associated with the parameter measured by the transducer, such as volts, C, megawatts, etc. This ID is also used to reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this type of parameter. The DCMA INPUT H1 RANGE setting specifies the mA DC range of the transducer connected to the input channel. The DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE and DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE settings are used to program the span of the transducer in primary units. For example, a temperature transducer might have a span from 0 to 250C; in this case the DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE value is 0 and the DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE value is 250. Another example would be a watts transducer with a span from 20 to +180 MW; in this case the DCMA INPUT H1 MIN VALUE value would be 20 and the DCMA INPUT H1 MAX VALUE value 180. Intermediate values between the min and max values are scaled linearly.
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PATH: SETTINGS
TRANSDUCER I/O
RTD INPUTS
RTD INPUT H1
MESSAGE
Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from external resistance temperature detectors and convert these signals into a digital format for use as required. These channels are intended to be connected to any of the RTD types in common use. Specific hardware details are contained in chapter 3. RTD input channels are arranged in a manner similar to CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with the settings shown here. The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered from 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up, the relay will automatically generate configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same general manner that is used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclusive, which is used as the channel number. The relay generates an actual value for each available input channel. Settings are automatically generated for every channel available in the specific relay as shown above for the first channel of a type 5C transducer module installed in the first available slot. The function of the channel may be either Enabled or Disabled. If Disabled, there will not be an actual value created for the channel. An alphanumeric ID is assigned to the channel; this ID will be included in the channel actual values. It is also used to reference the channel as the input parameter to features designed to measure this type of parameter. Selecting the type of RTD connected to the channel configures the channel. Actions based on RTD overtemperature, such as trips or alarms, are done in conjunction with the FlexElements feature. In FlexElements, the operate level is scaled to a base of 100C. For example, a trip level of 150C is achieved by setting the operate level at 1.5 pu. FlexElement operands are available to FlexLogic for further interlocking or to operate an output contact directly. Refer to the following table for reference temperature values for each RTD type.
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5 SETTINGS
120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250
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PATH: SETTINGS
TRANSDUCER I/O
DCMA OUTPUTS
DCMA OUTPUT H1(W8) Range: Off, any analog actual value parameter
DCMA OUTPUT H1
DCMA OUTPUT H1 RANGE: 1 to 1 mA DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL: 0.000 pu DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL: 1.000 pu
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Hardware and software is provided to generate dcmA signals that allow interfacing with external equipment. Specific hardware details are contained in chapter 3. The dcmA output channels are arranged in a manner similar to transducer input or CT and VT channels. The user configures individual channels with the settings shown below. The channels are arranged in sub-modules of two channels, numbered 1 through 8 from top to bottom. On power-up, the relay automatically generates configuration settings for every channel, based on the order code, in the same manner used for CTs and VTs. Each channel is assigned a slot letter followed by the row number, 1 through 8 inclusive, which is used as the channel number. Both the output range and a signal driving a given output are user-programmable via the following settings menu (an example for channel M5 is shown). The relay checks the driving signal (x in equations below) for the minimum and maximum limits, and subsequently rescales so the limits defined as MIN VAL and MAX VAL match the output range of the hardware defined as RANGE. The following equation is applied: I min if x < MIN VAL = I max if x > MAX VAL k ( x MIN VAL ) + I min otherwise
I out
(EQ 5.26)
where:
x is a driving signal specified by the SOURCE setting Imin and Imax are defined by the RANGE setting k is a scaling constant calculated as: I max I min k = -----------------------------------------------MAX VAL MIN VAL
(EQ 5.27)
VAL
The feature is intentionally inhibited if the MAX VAL and MIN VAL settings are entered incorrectly, e.g. when MAX VAL MIN < 0.1 pu. The resulting characteristic is illustrated in the following figure.
Imax
OUTPUT CURRENT
Imin
DRIVING SIGNAL MIN VAL MAX VAL
842739A1.CDR
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5.9 TRANSDUCER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS The dcmA output settings are described below.
5 SETTINGS
DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE: This setting specifies an internal analog value to drive the analog output. Actual values (FlexAnalog parameters) such as power, current amplitude, voltage amplitude, power factor, etc. can be configured as sources driving dcmA outputs. Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of FlexAnalog parameters. DCMA OUTPUT H1 RANGE: This setting allows selection of the output range. Each dcmA channel may be set independently to work with different ranges. The three most commonly used output ranges are available. DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL: This setting allows setting the minimum limit for the signal that drives the output. This setting is used to control the mapping between an internal analog value and the output current. The setting is entered in per-unit values. The base units are defined in the same manner as the FlexElement base units. DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL: This setting allows setting the maximum limit for the signal that drives the output. This setting is used to control the mapping between an internal analog value and the output current. The setting is entered in per-unit values. The base units are defined in the same manner as the FlexElement base units. The DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL and DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL settings are ignored for power factor base units (i.e. if the DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE is set to FlexAnalog value based on power factor measurement).
NOTE
Three application examples are described below. EXAMPLE: POWER MONITORING A three phase active power on a 13.8 kV system measured via UR-series relay source 1 is to be monitored by the dcmA H1 output of the range of 1 to 1 mA. The following settings are applied on the relay: CT ratio = 1200:5, VT secondary 115, VT connection is delta, and VT ratio = 120. The nominal current is 800 A primary and the nominal power factor is 0.90. The power is to be monitored in both importing and exporting directions and allow for 20% overload compared to the nominal.
The three-phase power with 20% overload margin is: P max = 1.2 17.21 MW = 20.65 MW The base unit for power (refer to the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is: P BASE = 115 V 120 1.2 kA = 16.56 MW The minimum and maximum power values to be monitored (in pu) are: minimum power = 20.65 MW = 1.247 pu, -----------------------------16.56 MW The following settings should be entered:
DCMA OUTPUT H1 SOURCE: SRC 1 P DCMA OUTPUT H1 RANGE: 1 to 1 mA DCMA OUTPUT H1 MIN VAL: 1.247 pu DCMA OUTPUT H1 MAX VAL: 1.247 pu
(EQ 5.29)
(EQ 5.30)
(EQ 5.31)
With the above settings, the output will represent the power with the scale of 1 mA per 20.65 MW. The worst-case error for this application can be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error: 0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or 0.005 ( 1 ( 1 ) ) 20.65 MW = 0.207 MW 1% of reading error for the active power at power factor of 0.9
For example at the reading of 20 MW, the worst-case error is 0.01 20 MW + 0.207 MW = 0.407 MW. EXAMPLE: CURRENT MONITORING The phase A current (true RMS value) is to be monitored via the H2 current output working with the range from 4 to 20 mA. The CT ratio is 5000:5 and the maximum load current is 4200 A. The current should be monitored from 0 A upwards, allowing for 50% overload. The phase current with the 50% overload margin is:
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The base unit for current (refer to the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is: I BASE = 5 kA The minimum and maximum power values to be monitored (in pu) are: minimum current = 0 kA = 0 pu, ----------5 kA The following settings should be entered:
DCMA OUTPUT H2 SOURCE: SRC 1 Ia RMS DCMA OUTPUT H2 RANGE: 4 to 20 mA DCMA OUTPUT H2 MIN VAL: 0.000 pu DCMA OUTPUT H2 MAX VAL: 1.260 pu
(EQ 5.33)
(EQ 5.34)
The worst-case error for this application could be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error: 0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or 0.005 ( 20 4 ) 6.3 kA = 0.504 kA 0.25% of reading or 0.1% of rated (whichever is greater) for currents between 0.1 and 2.0 of nominal
For example, at the reading of 4.2 kA, the worst-case error is max(0.0025 4.2 kA, 0.001 5 kA) + 0.504 kA = 0.515 kA. EXAMPLE: VOLTAGE MONITORING A positive-sequence voltage on a 400 kV system measured via source 2 is to be monitored by the dcmA H3 output with a range of 0 to 1 mA. The VT secondary setting is 66.4 V, the VT ratio setting is 6024, and the VT connection setting is Delta. The voltage should be monitored in the range from 70% to 110% of nominal. The minimum and maximum positive-sequence voltages to be monitored are: 400 kV V min = 0.7 ------------------ = 161.66 kV, 3 400 kV V max = 1.1 ------------------ = 254.03 kV 3
(EQ 5.35)
The base unit for voltage (refer to the FlexElements section in this chapter for additional details) is: V BASE = 0.0664 kV 6024 = 400 kV The minimum and maximum voltage values to be monitored (in pu) are: minimum voltage = 161.66 kV = 0.404 pu, -------------------------400 kV The following settings should be entered:
DCMA OUTPUT H3 SOURCE: SRC 2 V_1 DCMA OUTPUT H3 RANGE: 0 to 1 mA DCMA OUTPUT H3 MIN VAL: 0.404 pu DCMA OUTPUT H3 MAX VAL: 0.635 pu
(EQ 5.36)
(EQ 5.37)
mag
The limit settings differ from the expected 0.7 pu and 1.1 pu because the relay calculates the positive-sequence quantities scaled to the phase-to-ground voltages, even if the VTs are connected in Delta (refer to the Metering conventions section in chapter 6), while at the same time the VT nominal voltage is 1 pu for the settings. Consequently the settings required in this example differ from naturally expected by the factor of 3 . The worst-case error for this application could be calculated by superimposing the following two sources of error: 0.5% of the full scale for the analog output module, or 0.005 ( 1 0 ) 254.03 kV = 1.27 kV 0.5% of reading
For example, under nominal conditions, the positive-sequence reads 230.94 kV and the worst-case error is 0.005 x 230.94 kV + 1.27 kV = 2.42 kV.
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SETTINGS TESTING
MESSAGE
The D60 provides a test facility to verify the functionality of contact inputs and outputs, some communication channels and the phasor measurement unit (where applicable), using simulated conditions. The test mode is indicated on the relay faceplate by a Test Mode LED indicator. The test mode may be in any of three states: disabled, isolated, or forcible. In the Disabled mode, D60 operation is normal and all test features are disabled. In the Isolated mode, the D60 is prevented from performing certain control actions, including tripping via contact outputs. All relay contact outputs, including latching outputs, are disabled. Channel tests and phasor measurement unit tests remain usable on applicable UR-series models. In the Forcible mode, the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING setting controls the relay inputs and outputs. If the test mode is forcible, and the operand assigned to the TEST MODE FORCING setting is Off, the D60 inputs and outputs operate normally. If the test mode is forcible, and the operand assigned to the TEST MODE FORCING setting is On, the D60 contact inputs and outputs are forced to the values specified in the following sections. Forcing may be controlled by manually changing the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING setting between on and off, or by selecting a user-programmable pushbutton, contact input, or communication-based input operand. Channel tests and phasor measurement unit tests remain usable on applicable UR-series models. Communications based inputs and outputs remain fully operational in test mode. If a control action is programmed using direct inputs and outputs or remote inputs and outputs, then the test procedure must take this into account.
NOTE
When in Forcible mode, the operand selected by the TEST MODE FORCING setting dictates further response of the D60 to testing conditions. To force contact inputs and outputs through relay settings, set TEST MODE FORCING to On. To force contact inputs and outputs through a user-programmable condition, such as FlexLogic operand (pushbutton, digital input, communication-based input, or a combination of these), set TEST MODE FORCING to the desired operand. The contact input or output is forced when the selected operand assumes a logic 1 state. The D60 remains fully operational in test mode, allowing for various testing procedures. In particular, the protection and control elements, FlexLogic, and communication-based inputs and outputs function normally. The only difference between the normal operation and the test mode is the behavior of the input and output contacts. The contact inputs can be forced to report as open or closed or remain fully operational, whereas the contact outputs can be forced to open, close, freeze, or remain fully operational. The response of the digital input and output contacts to the test mode is programmed individually for each input and output using the force contact inputs and force contact outputs test functions described in the following sections. The test mode state is indicated on the relay faceplate by a combination of the Test Mode LED indicator, the In-Service LED indicator, and by the critical fail relay, as shown in the following table.
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5 SETTINGS
5.10 TESTING
Contact outputs and inputs are under normal operation. Channel tests and PMU tests not operational (where applicable). Contact outputs are disabled and contact inputs are operational. Channel tests and PMU tests are also operational (where applicable). Contact inputs and outputs are controlled by the force contact input and force contact output functions. Channel tests and PMU tests are operational (where applicable). Contact outputs and inputs are under normal operation. Channel tests and PMU tests are also operational (where applicable).
Isolated
No effect
Off
On
Deenergized Deenergized
Forcible
On (logic 1)
Off
Flashing
Off (logic 0)
Off
Flashing
Deenergized
The TEST MODE FUNCTION setting can only be changed by a direct user command. Following a restart, power up, settings upload, or firmware upgrade, the test mode will remain at the last programmed value. This allows a D60 that has been placed in isolated mode to remain isolated during testing and maintenance activities. On restart, the TEST MODE FORCING setting and the force contact input and force contact output settings all revert to their default states. 5.10.2 FORCE CONTACT INPUTS
PATH: SETTINGS TESTING FORCE CONTACT INPUTS
MESSAGE
The relay digital inputs (contact inputs) could be pre-programmed to respond to the test mode in the following ways: If set to Disabled, the input remains fully operational. It is controlled by the voltage across its input terminals and can be turned on and off by external circuitry. This value should be selected if a given input must be operational during the test. This includes, for example, an input initiating the test, or being a part of a user pre-programmed test sequence. If set to Open, the input is forced to report as opened (Logic 0) for the entire duration of the test mode regardless of the voltage across the input terminals. If set to Closed, the input is forced to report as closed (Logic 1) for the entire duration of the test mode regardless of the voltage across the input terminals.
The force contact inputs feature provides a method of performing checks on the function of all contact inputs. Once enabled, the relay is placed into test mode, allowing this feature to override the normal function of contact inputs. The Test Mode LED will be on, indicating that the relay is in test mode. The state of each contact input may be programmed as Disabled, Open, or Closed. All contact input operations return to normal when all settings for this feature are disabled.
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5.10 TESTING
PATH: SETTINGS
TESTING
MESSAGE
The relay contact outputs can be pre-programmed to respond to the test mode. If set to Disabled, the contact output remains fully operational. If operates when its control operand is logic 1 and will resets when its control operand is logic 0. If set to Energized, the output will close and remain closed for the entire duration of the test mode, regardless of the status of the operand configured to control the output contact. If set to De-energized, the output will open and remain opened for the entire duration of the test mode regardless of the status of the operand configured to control the output contact. If set to Freeze, the output retains its position from before entering the test mode, regardless of the status of the operand configured to control the output contact. These settings are applied two ways. First, external circuits may be tested by energizing or de-energizing contacts. Second, by controlling the output contact state, relay logic may be tested and undesirable effects on external circuits avoided. Example 1: Initiating test mode through user-programmable pushbutton 1
For example, the test mode can be initiated from user-programmable pushbutton 1. The pushbutton will be programmed as Latched (pushbutton pressed to initiate the test, and pressed again to terminate the test). During the test, digital input 1 should remain operational, digital inputs 2 and 3 should open, and digital input 4 should close. Also, contact output 1 should freeze, contact output 2 should open, contact output 3 should close, and contact output 4 should remain fully operational. The required settings are shown below. To enable user-programmable pushbutton 1 to initiate the test mode, make the following changes in the SETTINGS TESTING TEST MODE menu: TEST MODE FUNCTION: Enabled and TEST MODE INITIATE: PUSHBUTTON 1 ON Make the following changes to configure the contact inputs and outputs. In the SETTINGS INPUTS and FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS menus, set:
TESTING FORCE CONTACT
FORCE Cont Ip 1: Disabled, FORCE Cont Ip 2: Open, FORCE Cont Ip 3: Open, and FORCE Cont Ip 4: FORCE Cont Op 1: Freeze, FORCE Cont Op 2: De-energized, FORCE Cont Op 3: Energized, and FORCE Cont Op 4: Disabled
Closed
Example 2: Initiating a test from user-programmable pushbutton 1 or through remote input 1 In this example, the test can be initiated locally from user-programmable pushbutton 1 or remotely through remote input 1. Both the pushbutton and the remote input will be programmed as Latched. Write the following FlexLogic equation:
PUSHBUTTONS
Set the user-programmable pushbutton as latching by changing SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP USER-PROGRAMMABLE USER PUSHBUTTON 1 PUSHBUTTON 1 FUNCTION to Latched. To enable either pushbutton 1 or remote input 1 to initiate the Test mode, make the following changes in the SETTINGS TESTING TEST MODE menu:
TEST MODE FUNCTION:
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5 SETTINGS
PATH: SETTINGS
TESTING
PMU 1 TEST FUNCTION: Disabled PMU 1 VA TEST MAGNITUDE: 500.00 kV PMU 1 VA TEST ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 VB TEST MAGNITUDE: 500.00 kV PMU 1 VB TEST ANGLE: 120.00 PMU 1 VC TEST MAGNITUDE: 500.00 kV PMU 1 VC TEST ANGLE: 120.00 PMU 1 VX TEST MAGNITUDE: 500.00 kV PMU 1 VX TEST ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 IA TEST MAGNITUDE: 1.000 kA PMU 1 IA TEST ANGLE: 10.00 PMU 1 IB TEST MAGNITUDE: 1.000 kA PMU 1 IB TEST ANGLE: 130.00 PMU 1 IC TEST MAGNITUDE: 1.000 kA PMU 1 IC TEST ANGLE: 110.00 PMU 1 IG TEST MAGNITUDE: 0.000 kA PMU 1 IG TEST ANGLE: 0.00 PMU 1 TEST FREQUENCY: 60.000 Hz PMU 1 TEST df/dt: 0.000 Hz/s
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
5
Range: 0.000 to 9.999 kA in steps of 0.001 Range: 180.00 to 180.00 in steps of 0.05
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The relay must be in test mode to use the PMU test mode. That is, the TESTING Enabled and the TESTING TEST MODE INITIATE initiating signal must be On.
setting must be
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5.10 TESTING
5 SETTINGS
During the PMU test mode, the physical channels (VA, VB, VC, VX, IA, IB, IC, and IG), frequency, and rate of change of frequency are substituted with user values, while the symmetrical components are calculated from the physical channels. The test values are not explicitly marked in the outgoing data frames. When required, it is recommended to use the user-programmable digital channels to signal the C37.118 client that test values are being sent in place of the real measurements.
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CONTACT INPUTS VIRTUAL INPUTS REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE DPS INPUTS TELEPROTECTION INPUTS CONTACT OUTPUTS VIRTUAL OUTPUTS AUTORECLOSE REMOTE DEVICES STATUS REMOTE DEVICES STATISTICS DIGITAL COUNTERS SELECTOR SWITCHES FLEX STATES ETHERNET DIRECT INPUTS DIRECT DEVICES STATUS IEC 61850 GOOSE UINTEGERS TELEPROT CH TESTS ETHERNET SWITCH
See page 6-3. See page 6-3. See page 6-3. See page 6-4. See page 6-4. See page 6-4. See page 6-5. See page 6-5. See page 6-5. See page 6-6. See page 6-6. See page 6-6. See page 6-6. See page 6-7. See page 6-7. See page 6-8. See page 6-8. See page 6-8. See page 6-9.
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6.1 OVERVIEW SOURCE SRC 3 SOURCE SRC 4 SYNCHROCHECK TRACKING FREQUENCY FLEXELEMENTS IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 1 WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 2 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT TRANSDUCER I/O DCMA INPUTS TRANSDUCER I/O RTD INPUTS ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS FAULT REPORTS EVENT RECORDS OSCILLOGRAPHY DATA LOGGER PMU RECORDS MAINTENANCE
6 ACTUAL VALUES
See page 6-17. See page 6-17. See page 6-17. See page 6-18. See page 6-18. See page 6-18. See page 6-18. See page 6-19. See page 6-19.
See page 6-20. See page 6-20. See page 6-21. See page 6-21. See page 6-21. See page 6-22.
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6 ACTUAL VALUES 6.2STATUS For status reporting, On represents Logic 1 and Off represents Logic 0.
NOTE
6.2 STATUS
CONTACT INPUTS
Cont Ip 1 Off
MESSAGE
Cont Ip 2 Off
MESSAGE
Cont Ip xx Off
The present status of the contact inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact input. For example, Cont Ip 1 refers to the contact input in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the contact input. 6.2.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS VIRTUAL INPUTS
VIRTUAL INPUTS
Virt Ip 1 Off
MESSAGE
Virt Ip 2 Off
MESSAGE
Virt Ip 64 Off
The present status of the 64 virtual inputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual input. For example, Virt Ip 1 refers to the virtual input in terms of the default name. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the virtual input. 6.2.3 REMOTE INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS REMOTE INPUTS
REMOTE INPUTS
1 2
MESSAGE
The present state of the 32 remote inputs is shown here. The state displayed will be that of the remote point unless the remote device has been established to be Offline in which case the value shown is the programmed default state for the remote input.
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6.2 STATUS
STATUS
REMOTE DPS INPUT STATUS: Bad REMOTE DPS INPUT STATUS: Bad
1 2
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The present state of the remote double-point status inputs is shown here. The actual values indicate if the remote doublepoint status inputs are in the on (close), off (open), intermediate, or bad state. 6.2.5 TELEPROTECTION INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS TELEPROTECTION INPUTS
TELEPROTECTION INPUTS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: Off, On
Range: Off, On
TELEPROTECTION INPUT 1-16: Off TELEPROTECTION INPUT 2-1: Off TELEPROTECTION INPUT 2-2: Off
Range: Off, On
Range: Off, On
MESSAGE
6
MESSAGE MESSAGE
Range: Off, On
Range: Off, On
The present state of teleprotection inputs from communication channels 1 and 2 are shown here. The state displayed will be that of corresponding remote output unless the channel is declared failed. 6.2.6 CONTACT OUTPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS CONTACT OUTPUTS
CONTACT OUTPUTS
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Cont Op xx Off
The present state of the contact outputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the contact output. For example, Cont Op 1 refers to the contact output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the contact output.
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6.2 STATUS
For form-A contact outputs, the state of the voltage and current detectors is displayed as Off, VOff, IOff, On, IOn, and VOn. For form-C contact outputs, the state is displayed as Off or On.
NOTE
VIRTUAL OUTPUTS
1 2
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Virt Op 96 Off
The present state of up to 96 virtual outputs is shown here. The first line of a message display indicates the ID of the virtual output. For example, Virt Op 1 refers to the virtual output in terms of the default name-array index. The second line of the display indicates the logic state of the virtual output, as calculated by the FlexLogic equation for that output. 6.2.8 AUTORECLOSE
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS AUTORECLOSE
AUTORECLOSE
Range: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
The automatic reclosure shot count is shown here. 6.2.9 REMOTE DEVICES a) STATUS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS REMOTE DEVICES STATUS
6
All REMOTE DEVICES ONLINE: No
MESSAGE
Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The present state of up to 16 programmed remote devices is shown here. The ALL REMOTE DEVICES ONLINE message indicates whether or not all programmed remote devices are online. If the corresponding state is "No", then at least one required remote device is not online.
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
REMOTE DEVICE
1 0 1 0
MESSAGE
Statistical data (two types) for up to 16 programmed remote devices is shown here. The StNum number is obtained from the indicated remote device and is incremented whenever a change of state of at least one DNA or UserSt bit occurs. The SqNum number is obtained from the indicated remote device and is incremented whenever a GSSE message is sent. This number will rollover to zero when a count of 4 294 967 295 is incremented. 6.2.10 DIGITAL COUNTERS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS DIGITAL COUNTERS DIGITAL COUNTERS Counter 1(8)
Counter 1 0 Counter 1 0
ACCUM: FROZEN:
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The present status of the eight digital counters is shown here. The status of each counter, with the user-defined counter name, includes the accumulated and frozen counts (the count units label will also appear). Also included, is the date and time stamp for the frozen count. The COUNTER 1 MICROS value refers to the microsecond portion of the time stamp. 6.2.11 SELECTOR SWITCHES
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS SELECTOR SWITCHES
SELECTOR SWITCHES
MESSAGE
The display shows both the current position and the full range. The current position only (an integer from 0 through 7) is the actual value. 6.2.12 FLEX STATES
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS FLEX STATES
FLEX STATES
PARAM Off
MESSAGE
1: Off 2: Off
Range: Off, On
PARAM Off
Range: Off, On
MESSAGE
Range: Off, On
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6 ACTUAL VALUES There are 256 FlexState bits available. The second line value indicates the state of the given FlexState bit.
6.2 STATUS
6.2.13 ETHERNET
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS ETHERNET
ETHERNET
Range: Fail, OK
Range: Fail, OK
These values indicate the status of the primary and secondary Ethernet links. 6.2.14 DIRECT INPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS DIRECT INPUTS
DIRECT INPUTS
UNRETURNED MSG COUNT CH1: 0 CRC FAIL COUNT CH1: 0 AVG MSG RETURN TIME CH2: 0 ms UNRETURNED MSG COUNT CH2: 0 CRC FAIL COUNT CH2: 0 DIRECT INPUT On DIRECT INPUT On
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
6
1: 2:
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The AVERAGE MSG RETURN TIME is the time taken for direct output messages to return to the sender in a direct input/output ring configuration (this value is not applicable for non-ring configurations). This is a rolling average calculated for the last ten messages. There are two return times for dual-channel communications modules. The UNRETURNED MSG COUNT values (one per communications channel) count the direct output messages that do not make the trip around the communications ring. The CRC FAIL COUNT values (one per communications channel) count the direct output messages that have been received but fail the CRC check. High values for either of these counts may indicate on a problem with wiring, the communication channel, or one or more relays. The UNRETURNED MSG COUNT and CRC FAIL COUNT values can be cleared using the CLEAR DIRECT I/O COUNTERS command. The DIRECT INPUT 1 to DIRECT INPUT (32) values represent the state of each direct input.
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6.2 STATUS
STATUS
MESSAGE
These actual values represent the state of direct devices 1 through 16. 6.2.16 IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS IEC 61850 GOOSE UINTEGERS
1 2
MESSAGE
UINT INPUT 16 0
The D60 Line Distance Protection System is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. Refer to the Ordering section of chapter 2 for additional details. The IEC 61850 protocol features are not available if CPU type E is ordered.
The IEC 61850 GGIO5 integer input data points are displayed in this menu. The GGIO5 integer data values are received via IEC 61850 GOOSE messages sent from other devices. 6.2.17 TELEPROTECTION CHANNEL TESTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES STATUS TELEPROT CH TESTS
TELEPROT CH TESTS
CHANNEL 1 STATUS: n/a CHANNEL 1 LOST PACKETS: 1 CHANNEL 2 STATUS: n/a CHANNEL 2 LOST PACKETS: 1 VALIDITY OF CHANNEL CONFIGURATION: FAIL
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
6.2 STATUS
CHANNEL 1 STATUS: This represents the receiver status of each channel. If the value is OK, teleprotection is enabled and data is being received from the remote terminal; If the value is FAIL, teleprotection enabled and data is not being received from the remote terminal. If n/a, teleprotection is disabled. CHANNEL 1 LOST PACKETS: Data is transmitted to the remote terminals in data packets at a rate of two packets per cycle. The number of lost packets represents data packets lost in transmission; this count can be reset to 0 through the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS menu. VALIDITY OF CHANNEL CONFIGURATION: This value displays the current state of the communications channel identification check, and hence validity. If a remote relay ID does not match the programmed ID at the local relay, the FAIL message will be displayed. The N/A value appears if the local relay ID is set to a default value of 0, the channel is failed, or if the teleprotection inputs/outputs are not enabled. 6.2.18 ETHERNET SWITCH
STATUS
ETHERNET SWITCH
ETHERNET SWITCH
Range: FAIL, OK
Range: FAIL, OK
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: FAIL, OK
MESSAGE
These actual values appear only if the D60 is ordered with an Ethernet switch module (type 2S or 2T). The status information for the Ethernet switch is shown in this menu. SWITCH 1 PORT STATUS to SWITCH 6 PORT STATUS: These values represents the receiver status of each port on the Ethernet switch. If the value is OK, then data is being received from the remote terminal; If the value is FAIL, then data is not being received from the remote terminal or the port is not connected. SWITCH MAC ADDRESS: This value displays the MAC address assigned to the Ethernet switch module.
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6.3 METERING 6.3METERING a) UR CONVENTION FOR MEASURING POWER AND ENERGY The following figure illustrates the conventions established for use in UR-series relays.
Generator
G
VCG
+Q
IC
PF = Lead -P PF = Lag
PF = Lag
IA
+P PF = Lead -Q
M
Inductive Generator
LOAD Resistive
VBG
S=VI
G
Voltage WATTS = Positive VARS = Negative PF = Lead Current IB UR RELAY VBG IC VCG
+Q
PF = Lead
IA VAG
PF = Lag
-P
IA
+P PF = Lag
-Q
PF = Lead
LOAD
S=VI
2
VCG Voltage WATTS = Negative VARS = Negative PF = Lag Current VBG UR RELAY IC IA IB VAG
+Q PF = Lead -P
IA
PF = Lag +P
PF = Lag -Q
PF = Lead
G
Generator Resistive LOAD
S=VI
3
VCG Voltage WATTS = Negative VARS = Positive PF = Lead IA Current UR RELAY VBG IC VAG IB
+Q PF = Lead
IA
PF = Lag
+P
-P PF = Lag
PF = Lead
-Q
4
G
Generator
827239AC.CDR
S=VI
Figure 61: FLOW DIRECTION OF SIGNED VALUES FOR WATTS AND VARS
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All phasors calculated by UR-series relays and used for protection, control and metering functions are rotating phasors that maintain the correct phase angle relationships with each other at all times. For display and oscillography purposes, all phasor angles in a given relay are referred to an AC input channel pre-selected by the SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting. This setting defines a particular AC signal source to be used as the reference. The relay will first determine if any Phase VT bank is indicated in the source. If it is, voltage channel VA of that bank is used as the angle reference. Otherwise, the relay determines if any Aux VT bank is indicated; if it is, the auxiliary voltage channel of that bank is used as the angle reference. If neither of the two conditions is satisfied, then two more steps of this hierarchical procedure to determine the reference signal include Phase CT bank and Ground CT bank. If the AC signal pre-selected by the relay upon configuration is not measurable, the phase angles are not referenced. The phase angles are assigned as positive in the leading direction, and are presented as negative in the lagging direction, to more closely align with power system metering conventions. This is illustrated below.
-270o
-225o
-180o
0o
-135o
-45o
-90o
827845A1.CDR
Figure 62: UR PHASE ANGLE MEASUREMENT CONVENTION c) UR CONVENTION FOR MEASURING SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS The UR-series of relays calculate voltage symmetrical components for the power system phase A line-to-neutral voltage, and symmetrical components of the currents for the power system phase A current. Owing to the above definition, phase angle relations between the symmetrical currents and voltages stay the same irrespective of the connection of instrument transformers. This is important for setting directional protection elements that use symmetrical voltages. For display and oscillography purposes the phase angles of symmetrical components are referenced to a common reference as described in the previous sub-section. WYE-CONNECTED INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS: ABC phase rotation: 1 V_0 = -- ( V AG + V BG + V CG ) 3 1 2 V_1 = -- ( V AG + aV BG + a V CG ) 3 1 2 V_2 = -- ( V AG + a V BG + aV CG ) 3 The above equations apply to currents as well. ACB phase rotation: 1 V_0 = -- ( V AG + V BG + V CG ) 3 1 2 V_1 = -- ( V AG + a V BG + aV CG ) 3 1 2 V_2 = -- ( V AG + aV BG + a V CG ) 3
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6.3 METERING DELTA-CONNECTED INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS: ABC phase rotation: V_0 = N/A 1 30 2 V_1 = -------------------- ( V AB + aV BC + a V CA ) 3 3 1 30 2 V_2 = ---------------- ( V AB + a V BC + aV CA ) 3 3 ACB phase rotation:
6 ACTUAL VALUES
The zero-sequence voltage is not measurable under the Delta connection of instrument transformers and is defaulted to zero. The table below shows an example of symmetrical components calculations for the ABC phase rotation. Table 61: SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS CALCULATION EXAMPLE
SYSTEM VOLTAGES, SEC. V * VAG 13.9 0 VBG 76.2 125 VCG 79.7 250 VAB 84.9 313 84.9 0 VBC 138.3 97 138.3 144 VCA 85.4 241 85.4 288 VT CONN. WYE DELTA RELAY INPUTS, SEC. V F5AC 13.9 0 84.9 0 F6AC 76.2 125 138.3 144 F7AC 79.7 250 85.4 288 SYMM. COMP, SEC. V V0 19.5 192 N/A V1 56.5 7 56.5 54 V2 23.3 187 23.3 234
The power system voltages are phase-referenced for simplicity to VAG and VAB, respectively. This, however, is a relative matter. It is important to remember that the D60 displays are always referenced as specified under SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE.
SYSTEM VOLTAGES
SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS
WYE VTs
C B 2
U re R ph fe a re se nc a e ng
le
A
DELTA VTs
C B 2
827844A1.CDR
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
a) MAIN MENU
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC1
SOURCE SRC 1
See page 613. See page 614. See page 614. See page 615. See page 615. See page 616. See page 616.
GROUND CURRENT SRC 1 PHASE VOLTAGE SRC 1 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE SRC 1 POWER SRC 1 ENERGY SRC 1 FREQUENCY SRC 1
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
This menu displays the metered values available for each source. Metered values presented for each source depend on the phase and auxiliary VTs and phase and ground CTs assignments for this particular source. For example, if no phase VT is assigned to this source, then any voltage, energy, and power values will be unavailable. b) PHASE CURRENT METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 PHASE CURRENT
SRC 1 RMS Ia: 0.000 b: 0.000 c: 0.000 A SRC 1 RMS Ia: 0.000 A SRC 1 RMS Ib: 0.000 A SRC 1 RMS Ic: 0.000 A SRC 1 RMS In: 0.000 A SRC 1 PHASOR Ia: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Ib: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Ic: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR In: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 ZERO SEQ I0: 0.000 A 0.0
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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6.3 METERING SRC 1 POS SEQ I1: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 NEG SEQ I2: 0.000 A 0.0
6 ACTUAL VALUES
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The metered phase current values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). c) GROUND CURRENT METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 GROUND CURRENT
SRC 1 RMS Ig: 0.000 A SRC 1 PHASOR Ig: 0.000 A 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Igd: 0.000 A 0.0
MESSAGE
The metered ground current values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). d) PHASE VOLTAGE METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 PHASE VOLTAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
SRC 1 PHASOR Vag: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Vbg: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Vcg: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 0.00 SRC 1 0.00 SRC 1 0.00 RMS Vab: V RMS Vbc: V RMS Vca: V
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
SRC 1 PHASOR Vab: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Vbc: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 PHASOR Vca: 0.000 V 0.0
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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6 ACTUAL VALUES SRC 1 ZERO SEQ V0: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 POS SEQ V1: 0.000 V 0.0 SRC 1 NEG SEQ V2: 0.000 V 0.0
6.3 METERING
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The metered phase voltage values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS e) AUXILIARY VOLTAGE METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE
SRC 1 0.00
RMS Vx: V
The metered auxiliary voltage values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). f) POWER METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 POWER
POWER SRC 1
MESSAGE
SRC 1 REAL POWER 3: 0.000 W SRC 1 REAL POWER a: 0.000 W SRC 1 REAL POWER b: 0.000 W SRC 1 REAL POWER c: 0.000 W SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR 3: 0.000 var SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR a: 0.000 var SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR b: 0.000 var SRC 1 REACTIVE PWR c: 0.000 var SRC 1 APPARENT PWR 3: 0.000 VA SRC 1 APPARENT PWR a: 0.000 VA SRC 1 APPARENT PWR b: 0.000 VA SRC 1 APPARENT PWR c: 0.000 VA
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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6-15
6.3 METERING SRC 1 3: SRC 1 a: SRC 1 b: SRC 1 c: POWER FACTOR 1.000 POWER FACTOR 1.000 POWER FACTOR 1.000 POWER FACTOR 1.000
6 ACTUAL VALUES
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The metered values for real, reactive, and apparent power, as well as power factor, are displayed in this menu. The "SRC SYS1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS TEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). g) ENERGY METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 ENERGY
ENERGY SRC 1
MESSAGE
SRC 1 POS WATTHOUR: 0.000 Wh SRC 1 NEG WATTHOUR: 0.000 Wh SRC 1 POS VARHOUR: 0.000 varh SRC 1 NEG VARHOUR: 0.000 varh
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The metered values for real and reactive energy are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). Because energy values are accumulated, these values should be recorded and then reset immediately prior to changing CT or VT characteristics. h) FREQUENCY METERING
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING SOURCE SRC 1 FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY SRC 1
The metered frequency values are displayed in this menu. The "SRC 1" text will be replaced by whatever name was programmed by the user for the associated source (see SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES). is measured via software-implemented zero-crossing detection of an AC signal. The signal is either a Clarke transformation of three-phase voltages or currents, auxiliary voltage, or ground current as per source configuration (see the SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM settings). The signal used for frequency estimation is low-pass filtered. The final frequency measurement is passed through a validation filter that eliminates false readings due to signal distortions and transients.
SOURCE FREQUENCY
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
METERING
SYNCHROCHECK
SYNCHROCHECK 1(2)
SYNCHROCHECK 1
MESSAGE
The actual values menu for synchrocheck 2 is identical to that of synchrocheck 1. If a synchrocheck function setting is "Disabled", the corresponding actual values menu item will not be displayed. 6.3.4 TRACKING FREQUENCY
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING TRACKING FREQUENCY
TRACKING FREQUENCY
The tracking frequency is displayed here. The frequency is tracked based on the selection of the reference source with the FREQUENCY AND PHASE REFERENCE setting in the SETTINGS SYSTEM SETUP POWER SYSTEM menu. Refer to the Power System section of chapter 5 for additional details. 6.3.5 FLEXELEMENTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING FLEXELEMENTS FLEXELEMENT 1(8)
FLEXELEMENT 1
The operating signals for the FlexElements are displayed in pu values using the following definitions of the base units. Table 62: FLEXELEMENT BASE UNITS
BREAKER ARCING AMPS (Brk X Arc Amp A, B, and C) dcmA FREQUENCY PHASE ANGLE POWER FACTOR RTDs SOURCE CURRENT SOURCE ENERGY (SRC X Positive and Negative Watthours); (SRC X Positive and Negative Varhours) SOURCE POWER SOURCE VOLTAGE SYNCHROCHECK (Max Delta Volts) BASE = 2000 kA2 cycle BASE = maximum value of the DCMA INPUT MAX setting for the two transducers configured under the +IN and IN inputs. fBASE = 1 Hz BASE = 360 degrees (see the UR angle referencing convention) PFBASE = 1.00 BASE = 100C IBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and IN inputs EBASE = 10000 MWh or MVAh, respectively
PBASE = maximum value of VBASE IBASE for the +IN and IN inputs VBASE = maximum nominal primary RMS value of the +IN and IN inputs VBASE = maximum primary RMS value of all the sources related to the +IN and IN inputs
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6.3 METERING
METERING
MESSAGE
1 2
The D60 Line Distance Protection System is provided with optional IEC 61850 communications capability. This feature is specified as a software option at the time of ordering. Refer to the Ordering section of chapter 2 for additional details. The IEC 61850 protocol features are not available if CPU type E is ordered.
The IEC 61850 GGIO3 analog input data points are displayed in this menu. The GGIO3 analog data values are received via IEC 61850 GOOSE messages sent from other devices. 6.3.7 WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 1(2)
This menu displays the wattmetric zero-sequence directional element operating power values.
6
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT PMU 1(4)
PMU 1
PMU 1 VB: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 VC: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 VX: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 V1: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 V2: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 V0: 0.0000 kV, 0.00 PMU 1 IA: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 IB: 0.0000 kA, 0.00
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
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6 ACTUAL VALUES PMU 1 IC: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 IG: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 I1: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 I2: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 I0: 0.0000 kA, 0.00 PMU 1 FREQUENCY: 0.0000 Hz PMU 1 df/dt: 0.0000 Hz/s PMU 1 CONFIG CHANGE COUNTER: 0
Range: 0 to 65535
6.3 METERING
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The above actual values are displayed without the corresponding time stamp as they become available per the recording rate setting. Also, the recording post-filtering setting is applied to these values. 6.3.9 TRANSDUCER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING TRANSDUCER I/O DCMA INPUTS DCMA INPUT xx
DCMA INPUT xx
Actual values for each dcmA input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel ID and the bottom line as the value followed by the programmed units.
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES METERING TRANSDUCER I/O RTD INPUTS RTD INPUT xx
RTD INPUT xx
Actual values for each RTD input channel that is enabled are displayed with the top line as the programmed channel ID and the bottom line as the value.
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NO FAULTS TO REPORT
or
FAULT REPORT 1
FAULT 1 2000/08/11
DATE:
Range: YYYY/MM/DD
MESSAGE
FAULT 1 TIME: 00:00:00.000000 FAULT 1 ABG FAULT 1 00.0 km FAULT 1 SHOT: 0 TYPE: LOCATION RECLOSE
Range: HH:MM:SS.ssssss
MESSAGE
Range: not available if the source VTs are in the Delta configuration Range: not available if the source VTs are in the Delta configuration Range: where applicable
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The latest 15 fault reports can be stored. The most recent fault location calculation (when applicable) is displayed in this PRODUCT menu, along with the date and time stamp of the event which triggered the calculation. See the SETTINGS FAULT REPORTS menu for assigning the source and trigger for fault calculations. Refer to the COMMANDS SETUP CLEAR RECORDS menu for manual clearing of the fault reports and to the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP CLEAR RELAY RECORDS menu for automated clearing of the fault reports. 6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS
RECORDS
EVENT RECORDS
EVENT RECORDS
MESSAGE
EVENT 3 DATE: 2000/07/14 EVENT 3 TIME: 14:53:00.03405 Date and Time Stamps
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The event records menu shows the contextual data associated with up to the last 1024 events, listed in chronological order from most recent to oldest. If all 1024 event records have been filled, the oldest record will be removed as a new record is added. Each event record shows the event identifier/sequence number, cause, and date/time stamp associated with the event trigger. Refer to the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing event records.
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
RECORDS
OSCILLOGRAPHY
OSCILLOGRAPHY
FORCE TRIGGER? No
MESSAGE
NUMBER OF TRIGGERS: 0 AVAILABLE RECORDS: 0 CYCLES PER RECORD: 0.0 LAST CLEARED DATE: 2000/07/14 15:40:16
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
This menu allows the user to view the number of triggers involved and number of oscillography traces available. The CYCLES PER RECORD value is calculated to account for the fixed amount of data storage for oscillography. See the Oscillography section of chapter 5 for additional details.
CLEAR RECORDS
A trigger can be forced here at any time by setting Yes to the FORCE TRIGGER? command. Refer to the COMMANDS menu for information on clearing the oscillography records. 6.4.4 DATA LOGGER
RECORDS
DATA LOGGER
DATA LOGGER
The OLDEST SAMPLE TIME represents the time at which the oldest available samples were taken. It will be static until the log gets full, at which time it will start counting at the defined sampling rate. The NEWEST SAMPLE TIME represents the time the most recent samples were taken. It counts up at the defined sampling rate. If the data logger channels are defined, then both values are static. Refer to the COMMANDS
CLEAR RECORDS
menu for clearing data logger records. 6.4.5 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT RECORDS
RECORDS
PMU RECORDS
PMU RECORDS
MESSAGE
See below.
The number of triggers applicable to the phasor measurement unit recorder is indicated by the NUMBER OF TRIGGERS value. The status of the phasor measurement unit recorder is indicated as follows:
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6.4 RECORDS
PATH: ACTUAL VALUES RECORDS PMU RECORDS PMU 1 RECORDING Range: No, Yes
6 ACTUAL VALUES
PMU 1 RECORDING
MESSAGE
PMU 1 FORCE TRIGGER: Yes PUM 1 AVAILABLE RECORDS: 0 PUM 1 SECONDS PER RECORD: 0.0 PUM 1 LAST CLEARED: 2005/07/14 015:40:16
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
BREAKER 1
BKR 1 ARCING AMP B: 0.00 kA2-cyc BKR 1 ARCING AMP C: 0.00 kA2-cyc BKR 1 OPERATING TIME A: 0 ms BKR 1 OPERATING TIME B: 0 ms BKR 1 OPERATING TIME C: 0 ms BKR 1 OPERATING TIME: 0 ms
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
6
MESSAGE
There is an identical menu for each of the breakers. The BKR 1 ARCING AMP values are in units of kA2-cycles. Refer to the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS menu for clearing breaker arcing current records. The BREAKER OPERATING TIME is defined as the slowest operating time of breaker poles that were initiated to open.
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MODEL INFORMATION
ORDER CODE LINE 1: D60-E00-HCL-F8F-H6H ORDER CODE LINE 2: ORDER CODE LINE 3: ORDER CODE LINE 4: SERIAL NUMBER: ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS 000000000000 MANUFACTURING DATE: 0 PMU FEATURE ACTIVE: No CT/ VT ADVANCED DIAG ACTIVE: No OPERATING TIME: 0:00:00 LAST SETTING CHANGE: 1970/01/01 23:11:19
Range: standard GE multilin order code format; example order code shown Range: standard GE multilin order code format
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
Range: Yes, No
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
6
6.5.2 FIRMWARE REVISIONS
The order code, serial number, Ethernet MAC address, date and time of manufacture, and operating time are shown here.
PRODUCT INFO
FIRMWARE REVISIONS
FIRMWARE REVISIONS
D60 Line Relay REVISION: 5.7x MODIFICATION FILE NUMBER: 0 BOOT PROGRAM REVISION: 3.01 FRONT PANEL PROGRAM REVISION: 0.08 COMPILE DATE: 2004/09/15 04:55:16 BOOT DATE: 2004/09/15 16:41:32
Range: 0.00 to 655.35 Revision number of the application firmware. Range: 0 to 65535 (ID of the MOD FILE) Value is 0 for each standard firmware release. Range: 0.00 to 655.35 Revision number of the boot program firmware. Range: 0.00 to 655.35 Revision number of faceplate program firmware. Range: Any valid date and time. Date and time when product firmware was built. Range: Any valid date and time. Date and time when the boot program was built.
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The shown data is illustrative only. A modification file number of 0 indicates that, currently, no modifications have been installed.
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6 ACTUAL VALUES
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COMMANDS
MESSAGE
COMMANDS VIRTUAL INPUTS COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS COMMANDS SET DATE AND TIME COMMANDS RELAY MAINTENANCE COMMANDS PMU ONE-SHOT
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The commands menu contains relay directives intended for operations personnel. All commands can be protected from unauthorized access via the command password; see the Security section of chapter 5 for details. The following flash message appears after successfully command entry: COMMAND EXECUTED 7.1.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS
PATH: COMMANDS VIRTUAL INPUTS
1 2
Range: Off, On
Range: Off, On
7
Range: Off, On
MESSAGE
Virt Ip 64 Off
The states of up to 64 virtual inputs are changed here. The first line of the display indicates the ID of the virtual input. The second line indicates the current or selected status of the virtual input. This status will be a state off (logic 0) or on (logic 1).
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7.1 COMMANDS
PATH: COMMANDS
CLEAR RECORDS
CLEAR FAULT REPORTS? No CLEAR EVENT RECORDS? No CLEAR OSCILLOGRAPHY? No CLEAR DATA LOGGER? No CLEAR BREAKER 1 ARCING AMPS? No CLEAR BREAKER 2 ARCING AMPS? No CLEAR UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS? No CLEAR DIRECT I/O COUNTERS? No CLEAR PMU 1 RECORDS? No CLEAR PMU 1 CONFIG CHANGE COUNTER? No CLEAR TELEPROTECT COUNTERS? No CLEAR ALL RELAY RECORDS? No
Range: No, Yes. Valid only for units with Direct Input/ Output module. Range: No, Yes
This menu contains commands for clearing historical data such as the event records. Data is cleared by changing a command setting to Yes and pressing the ENTER key. After clearing data, the command setting automatically reverts to No.
7
PATH: COMMANDS SET DATE AND TIME
(YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS)
The date and time can be entered here via the faceplate keypad only if the IRIG-B or SNTP signal is not in use. The time setting is based on the 24-hour clock. The complete date, as a minimum, must be entered to allow execution of this command. The new time will take effect at the moment the ENTER key is clicked.
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PATH: COMMANDS
RELAY MAINTENANCE
Range: 0, 101
This menu contains commands for relay maintenance purposes. Commands for the lamp test and order code are activated by changing a command setting to Yes and pressing the ENTER key. The command setting will then automatically revert to No. The service command is activated by entering a numerical code and pressing the ENTER key. The PERFORM LAMPTEST command turns on all faceplate LEDs and display pixels for a short duration. The UPDATE ORDER CODE command causes the relay to scan the backplane for the hardware modules and update the order code to match. If an update occurs, the following message is shown. UPDATING... PLEASE WAIT There is no impact if there have been no changes to the hardware modules. When an update does not occur, the ORDER CODE NOT UPDATED message will be shown. The SERVICE COMMAND is used to perform specific D60 service actions. Presently, there is only one service action available. Code 101 is used to clear factory diagnostic information stored in the non-volatile memory. If a code other than 101 is entered, the command will be ignored and no actions will be taken. Various self-checking diagnostics are performed in the background while the D60 is running, and diagnostic information is stored on the non-volatile memory from time to time based on the self-checking result. Although the diagnostic information is cleared before the D60 is shipped from the factory, the user may want to clear the diagnostic information for themselves under certain circumstances. For example, it may be desirable to clear diagnostic information after replacement of hardware. Once the diagnostic information is cleared, all selfchecking variables are reset to their initial state and diagnostics will restart from scratch. 7.1.6 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT ONE-SHOT
PATH: COMMANDS PMU ONE-SHOT
PMU ONE-SHOT FUNCTION: Disabled PMU ONE-SHOT SEQUENCE NUMBER: 0 PMU ONE-SHOT TIME: 2005/06/14 7:58:35
This feature allows pre-scheduling a PMU measurement at a specific point in time. This functionality can be used to test for accuracy of the PMU, and for manual collection of synchronized measurements through the system, as explained below. When enabled, the function continuously compares the present time with the pre-set PMU ONE-SHOT TIME. When the two times match, the function compares the present sequence number of the measured synchrophasors with the pre-set PMU ONE-SHOT SEQUENCE NUMBER. When the two numbers match, the function freezes the synchrophasor actual values and the corresponding protocol data items for 30 seconds. This allows manual read-out of the synchrophasor values for the preset time and pre-set sequence number (via the faceplate display, supported communication protocols such as Modbus or DNP, and the EnerVista UR Setup software). When freezing the actual values the function also asserts a PMU ONE-SHOT OP FlexLogic operand. This operand may be configured to drive an output contact and trigger an external measuring device such as a digital scope with the intent to verify the accuracy of the PMU under test. With reference to the figure below, the PMU one-shot function (when enabled) controls three FlexLogic operands:
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7.1 COMMANDS
The PMU ONE-SHOT EXPIRED operand indicates that the one-shot operation has been executed, and the present time is at least 30 seconds past the scheduled one-shot time. The PMU ONE-SHOT PENDING operand indicates that the one-shot operation is pending; that is, the present time is before the scheduled one-shot time. The PMU ONE-SHOT OP operand indicates the one-shot operation and remains asserted for 30 seconds afterwards.
When the function is disabled, all three operands are de-asserted. The one-shot function applies to all logical PMUs of a given D60 relay.
Figure 71: PMU ONE-SHOT FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS TESTING ACCURACY OF THE PMU: The one-shot feature can be used to test accuracy of the synchrophasor measurement. GPS-synchronized tests sets perform a similar function to PMUs: instead of measuring the phasor from physical signals with respect to the externally provided time reference, they produce the physical signals with respect to the externally provided time reference, given the desired phasor values. Therefore the GPS-synchronized test sets cannot be automatically assumed more accurate then the PMUs under test. This calls for a method to verify both the measuring device (PMU) and the source of signal (test set). With reference to the figure below, the one-shot feature could be configured to trigger a high-accuracy scope to capture both the time reference signal (rising edge of the 1 pps signal of the IRIG-B time reference), and the measured waveform. The high-accuracy high-sampling rate record of the two signals captured by the scope can be processed using digital tools to verify the magnitude and phase angle with respect to the time reference signal. As both the time reference and the measured signals are raw inputs to the PMU under test, their independently captured record, processed using third-party software, is a good reference point for accuracy calculations. Such a record proves useful when discussing the test results, and should be retained as a part of the testing documentation.
Note that the PMU under such test does not have to be connected to a real GPS receiver as the accuracy is measured with respect to the timing reference provided to the PMU and not to the absolute UTC time. Therefore a simple IRIG-B generator could be used instead. Also, the test set does not have to support GPS synchronization. Any stable signal source can
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7.1 COMMANDS
be used. If both the PMU under test and the test set use the timing reference, they should be driven from the same IRIG-B signal: either the same GPS receiver or IRIG-B generator. Otherwise, the setpoints of the test set and the PMU measurements should not be compared as they are referenced to different time scales.
Figure 72: USING THE PMU ONE-SHOT FEATURE TO TEST SYNCHROPHASOR MEASUREMENT ACCURACY COLLECTING SYNCHRONIZED MEASUREMENTS AD HOC: The one-shot feature can be used for ad hoc collection of synchronized measurements in the network. Two or more PMU can be pre-scheduled to freeze their measurements at the same time. When frozen the measurements could be collected using EnerVista UR Setup or a protocol client.
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TARGETS
MESSAGE
1:
Displayed only if targets for this element are active. Example shown. Displayed only if targets for this element are active. Example shown.
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
The status of any active targets will be displayed in the targets menu. If no targets are active, the display will read NO
ACTIVE TARGETS:
7.2.2 TARGET MESSAGES When there are no active targets, the first target to become active will cause the display to immediately default to that message. If there are active targets and the user is navigating through other messages, and when the default message timer times out (i.e. the keypad has not been used for a determined period of time), the display will again default back to the target message. The range of variables for the target messages is described below. Phase information will be included if applicable. If a target message status changes, the status with the highest priority will be displayed. Table 71: TARGET MESSAGE PRIORITY STATUS
PRIORITY 1 2 3 ACTIVE STATUS OP PKP LATCHED DESCRIPTION element operated and still picked up element picked up and timed out element had operated but has dropped out
If a self test error is detected, a message appears indicating the cause of the error. For example UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED indicates that the minimal relay settings have not been programmed. 7.2.3 RELAY SELF-TESTS a) DESCRIPTION The relay performs a number of self-test diagnostic checks to ensure device integrity. The two types of self-tests (major and minor) are listed in the tables below. When either type of self-test error occurs, the Trouble LED Indicator will turn on and a target message displayed. All errors record an event in the event recorder. Latched errors can be cleared by pressing the RESET key, providing the condition is no longer present. Major self-test errors also result in the following: The critical fail relay on the power supply module is de-energized. All other output relays are de-energized and are prevented from further operation. The faceplate In Service LED indicator is turned off. A RELAY OUT OF SERVICE event is recorded.
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7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS b) MAJOR SELF-TEST ERROR MESSAGES The major self-test errors are listed and described below. MODULE FAILURE___: Contact Factory (xxx) Latched target message: Yes. Description of problem: Module hardware failure detected. How often the test is performed: Module dependent.
7.2 TARGETS
What to do: Contact the factory and supply the failure code noted in the display. The xxx text identifies the failed module (for example, F8L). INCOMPATIBLE H/W: Contact Factory (xxx)
Latched target message: Yes. Description of problem: One or more installed hardware modules is not compatible with the D60 order code. How often the test is performed: Module dependent. What to do: Contact the factory and supply the failure code noted in the display. The xxx text identifies the failed module (for example, F8L). EQUIPMENT MISMATCH: with 2nd line detail
Latched target message: No. Description of problem: The configuration of modules does not match the order code stored in the D60. How often the test is performed: On power up. Afterwards, the backplane is checked for missing cards every five seconds. What to do: Check all modules against the order code, ensure they are inserted properly, and cycle control power. If the problem persists, contact the factory. FLEXLOGIC ERROR: with 2nd line detail
Latched target message: No. Description of problem: A FlexLogic equation is incorrect. How often the test is performed: The test is event driven, performed whenever FlexLogic equations are modified. What to do: Finish all equation editing and use self tests to debug any errors. UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED: Check Settings
Latched target message: No. Description of problem: The PRODUCT SETUP grammed.
INSTALLATION RELAY SETTINGS
How often the test is performed: On power up and whenever the PRODUCT SETUP setting is altered. What to do: Program all settings and then set PRODUCT SETUP
INSTALLATION
RELAY SETTINGS
to Programmed.
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Most of the minor self-test errors can be disabled. Refer to the settings in the User-programmable self-tests section in chapter 5 for additional details. MAINTENANCE ALERT: Replace Battery Latched target message: Yes. Description of problem: The battery is not functioning. How often the test is performed: The battery is monitored every five seconds. The error message is displayed after 60 seconds if the problem persists. What to do: Replace the battery located in the power supply module (1H or 1L).
MAINTENANCE ALERT: Direct I/O Ring Break Latched target message: No. Description of problem: Direct input and output settings are configured for a ring, but the connection is not in a ring. How often the test is performed: Every second. What to do: Check direct input and output configuration and wiring.
MAINTENANCE ALERT: ENET MODULE OFFLINE Latched target message: No. Description of problem: The D60 has failed to detect the Ethernet switch. How often the test is performed: Monitored every five seconds. An error is issued after five consecutive failures. What to do: Check the D60 device and switch IP configuration settings. Check for incorrect UR port (port 7) settings on the Ethernet switch. Check the power to the switch.
MAINTENANCE ALERT: ENET PORT # OFFLINE Latched target message: No. Description of problem: The Ethernet connection has failed for the specified port. How often the test is performed: Every five seconds. What to do: Check the Ethernet port connection on the switch.
MAINTENANCE ALERT: **Bad IRIG-B Signal** Latched target message: No. Description of problem: A bad IRIG-B input signal has been detected. How often the test is performed: Monitored whenever an IRIG-B signal is received. What to do: Ensure the following: The IRIG-B cable is properly connected. Proper cable functionality (that is, check for physical damage or perform a continuity test). The IRIG-B receiver is functioning. Check the input signal level (it may be less than specification).
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7 COMMANDS AND TARGETS If none of these apply, then contact the factory. MAINTENANCE ALERT: Port ## Failure Latched target message: No. Description of problem: An Ethernet connection has failed. How often the test is performed: Monitored every five seconds. What to do: Check Ethernet connections. Port 1 is the primary port and port 2 is the secondary port.
7.2 TARGETS
MAINTENANCE ALERT: SNTP Failure Latched target message: No. Description of problem: The SNTP server is not responding. How often the test is performed: Every 10 to 60 seconds. What to do: Check SNTP configuration and network connections.
MAINTENANCE ALERT: 4L Discrepancy Latched target message: No. Description of problem: A discrepancy has been detected between the actual and desired state of a latching contact output of an installed type 4L module. How often the test is performed: Upon initiation of a contact output state change. What to do: Verify the state of the output contact and contact the factory if the problem persists.
MAINTENANCE ALERT: GGIO Ind xxx oscill Latched target message: No. Description of problem: A data item in a configurable GOOSE data set is oscillating. How often the test is performed: Upon scanning of each configurable GOOSE data set. What to do: The xxx text denotes the data item that has been detected as oscillating. Evaluate all logic pertaining to this item.
DIRECT I/O FAILURE: COMM Path Incomplete Latched target message: No. Description of problem: A direct device is configured but not connected. How often the test is performed: Every second. What to do: Check direct input and output configuration and wiring.
REMOTE DEVICE FAIL: COMM Path Incomplete Latched target message: No. Description of problem: One or more GOOSE devices are not responding.
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7.2 TARGETS
How often the test is performed: Event driven. The test is performed when a device programmed to receive GOOSE messages stops receiving. This can be from 1 to 60 seconds, depending on GOOSE packets. What to do: Check GOOSE setup.
TEMP MONITOR: OVER TEMPERATURE Latched target message: Yes. Description of problem: The ambient temperature is greater than the maximum operating temperature (+80C). How often the test is performed: Every hour. What to do: Remove the D60 from service and install in a location that meets operating temperature standards.
UNEXPECTED RESTART: Press RESET key Latched target message: Yes. Description of problem: Abnormal restart from modules being removed or inserted while the D60 is powered-up, when there is an abnormal DC supply, or as a result of internal relay failure. How often the test is performed: Event driven. What to do: Contact the factory.
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Two levels of password security are provided via the ACCESS LEVEL setting: command and setting. The factory service level is not available and intended for factory use only. The following operations are under command password supervision: Operating the breakers via faceplate keypad. Changing the state of virtual inputs. Clearing the event records. Clearing the oscillography records. Clearing fault reports. Changing the date and time. Clearing the breaker arcing current. Clearing the data logger. Clearing the user-programmable pushbutton states.
The following operations are under setting password supervision: Changing any setting. Test mode operation.
The command and setting passwords are defaulted to 0 when the relay is shipped from the factory. When a password is set to 0, the password security feature is disabled. The D60 supports password entry from a local or remote connection. Local access is defined as any access to settings or commands via the faceplate interface. This includes both keypad entry and the through the faceplate RS232 port. Remote access is defined as any access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any changes to the local or remote passwords enables this functionality. When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the corresponding connection password. If the connection is to the back of the D60, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used. The PASSWORD ACCESS EVENTS settings allows recording of password access events in the event recorder. The local setting and command sessions are initiated by the user through the front panel display and are disabled either by the user or by timeout (via the setting and command level access timeout settings). The remote setting and command sessions are initiated by the user through the EnerVista UR Setup software and are disabled either by the user or by timeout. The state of the session (local or remote, setting or command) determines the state of the following FlexLogic operands. ACCESS LOC SETG OFF: Asserted when local setting access is disabled. ACCESS LOC SETG ON: Asserted when local setting access is enabled. ACCESS LOC CMND OFF: Asserted when local command access is disabled. ACCESS LOC CMND ON: Asserted when local command access is enabled. ACCESS REM SETG OFF: Asserted when remote setting access is disabled. ACCESS REM SETG ON: Asserted when remote setting access is enabled. ACCESS REM CMND OFF: Asserted when remote command access is disabled. ACCESS REM CMND ON: Asserted when remote command access is enabled.
The appropriate events are also logged in the Event Recorder as well. The FlexLogic operands and events are updated every five seconds. A command or setting write operation is required to update the state of all the remote and local security operands shown above.
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PATH: SETTINGS
PRODUCT SETUP
SECURITY
SECURITY
Range: Restricted, Command, Setting, Factory Service (for factory use only)
CHANGE LOCAL PASSWORDS ACCESS SUPERVISION DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS PASSWORD ACCESS EVENTS: Disabled
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
MESSAGE
CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD: No CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No ENCRYPTED COMMAND PASSWORD: ---------ENCRYPTED SETTING PASSWORD: ----------
MESSAGE
Range: 0 to 9999999999 Note: ---------- indicates no password Range: 0 to 9999999999 Note: ---------- indicates no password
MESSAGE
Proper password codes are required to enable each access level. A password consists of 1 to 10 numerical characters. When a CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD or CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD setting is programmed to Yes via the front panel interface, the following message sequence is invoked: 1. 2. 3. ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ____________. VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ____________. NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED.
To gain write access to a Restricted setting, program the ACCESS LEVEL setting in the main security menu to Setting and then change the setting, or attempt to change the setting and follow the prompt to enter the programmed password. If the password is correctly entered, access will be allowed. Accessibility automatically reverts to the Restricted level according to the access level timeout setting values. If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding ENCRYPTED PASSWORD. If the setting and command passwords are identical, then this one password allows access to both commands and settings.
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The remote password settings are only visible from a remote connection via the EnerVista UR Setup software. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Password Security menu item to open the remote password settings window.
Figure 81: REMOTE PASSWORD SETTINGS WINDOW Proper passwords are required to enable each command or setting level access. A command or setting password consists of 1 to 10 numerical characters and are initially programmed to 0. The following procedure describes how the set the command or setting password. 1. 2. 3. 4. Enter the new password in the Enter New Password field. Re-enter the password in the Confirm New Password field. Click the Change button. This button will not be active until the new password matches the confirmation password. If the original password is not 0, then enter the original password in the Enter Password field and click the Send Password to Device button.
5.
The new password is accepted and a value is assigned to the ENCRYPTED PASSWORD item.
If a command or setting password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory with the corresponding Encrypted Password value. 8.1.5 ACCESS SUPERVISION
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY ACCESS SUPERVISION
ACCESS SUPERVISION
MESSAGE
ACCESS LEVEL TIMEOUTS INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT: 3 PASSWORD LOCKOUT DURATION: 5 min
Range: 2 to 5 in steps of 1
MESSAGE
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8.1 PASSWORD SECURITY The following access supervision settings are available.
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INVALID ATTEMPTS BEFORE LOCKOUT: This setting specifies the number of times an incorrect password can be entered within a three-minute time span before lockout occurs. When lockout occurs, the LOCAL ACCESS DENIED and REMOTE ACCESS DENIED FlexLogic operands are set to On. These operands are returned to the Off state upon expiration of the lockout. PASSWORD LOCKOUT DURATION: This setting specifies the time that the D60 will lockout password access after the number of invalid password entries specified by the INVALID ATTEMPS BEFORE LOCKOUT setting has occurred.
The D60 provides a means to raise an alarm upon failed password entry. Should password verification fail while accessing a password-protected level of the relay (either settings or commands), the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS FlexLogic operand is asserted. The operand can be programmed to raise an alarm via contact outputs or communications. This feature can be used to protect against both unauthorized and accidental access attempts. The UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand is reset with the COMMANDS CLEAR RECORDS RESET UNAUTHORIZED ALARMS command. Therefore, to apply this feature with security, the command level should be password-protected. The operand does not generate events or targets. If events or targets are required, the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS operand can be assigned to a digital element programmed with event logs or targets enabled. The access level timeout settings are shown below.
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY ACCESS SUPERVISION ACCESS LEVEL TIMEOUTS Range: 5 to 480 minutes in steps of 1
COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: 5 min SETTING LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: 30 min
These settings allow the user to specify the length of inactivity required before returning to the restricted access level. Note that the access level will set as restricted if control power is cycled. COMMAND LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to return to restricted access from the command password level. SETTING LEVEL ACCESS TIMEOUT: This setting specifies the length of inactivity (no local or remote access) required to return to restricted access from the command password level. 8.1.6 DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS
PATH: SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP SECURITY DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS Range: selected FlexLogic operands (see below)
LOCAL SETTING AUTH: On REMOTE SETTING AUTH: On ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT: 30 min.
MESSAGE
The dual permission security access feature provides a mechanism for customers to prevent unauthorized or unintended upload of settings to a relay through the local or remote interfaces interface. The following settings are available through the local (front panel) interface only. LOCAL SETTING AUTH: This setting is used for local (front panel or RS232 interface) setting access supervision. Valid values for the FlexLogic operands are either On (default) or any physical Contact Input ~~ On value. If this setting is On, then local setting access functions as normal; that is, a local setting password is required. If this setting is any contact input on FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the local setting password to gain setting access.
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If setting access is not authorized for local operation (front panel or RS232 interface) and the user attempts to obtain setting access, then the UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS message is displayed on the front panel. REMOTE SETTING AUTH: This setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interfaces) setting access supervision. If this setting is On (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is required). If this setting is Off, then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is provided. If this setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the remote setting password to gain setting access. ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT: This setting represents the timeout delay for local setting access. This setting is applicable when the LOCAL SETTING AUTH setting is programmed to any operand except On. The state of the FlexLogic operand is continuously monitored for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, local access is permitted and the timer programmed with the ACCESS AUTH TIMEOUT setting value is started. When this timer expires, local setting access is immediately denied. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the timeout is restarted. The status of this timer is updated every 5 seconds.
The following settings are available through the remote (EnerVista UR Setup) interface only. Select the Settings > Product Setup > Security menu item to display the security settings window.
The Remote Settings Authorization setting is used for remote (Ethernet or RS485 interfaces) setting access supervision. If this setting is On (the default setting), then remote setting access functions as normal; that is, a remote password is required). If this setting is Off, then remote setting access is blocked even if the correct remote setting password is provided. If this setting is any other FlexLogic operand, then the operand must be asserted (set as on) prior to providing the remote setting password to gain setting access. The Access Authorization Timeout setting represents the timeout delay remote setting access. This setting is applicable when the Remote Settings Authorization setting is programmed to any operand except On or Off. The state of the FlexLogic operand is continuously monitored for an off-to-on transition. When this occurs, remote setting access is permitted and the timer programmed with the Access Authorization Timeout setting value is started. When this timer expires, remote setting access is immediately denied. If access is permitted and an off-to-on transition of the FlexLogic operand is detected, the timeout is restarted. The status of this timer is updated every 5 seconds.
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Setting file templates simplify the configuration and commissioning of multiple relays that protect similar assets. An example of this is a substation that has ten similar feeders protected by ten UR-series F60 relays. In these situations, typically 90% or greater of the settings are identical between all devices. The templates feature allows engineers to configure and test these common settings, then lock them so they are not available to users. For example, these locked down settings can be hidden from view for field engineers, allowing them to quickly identify and concentrate on the specific settings. The remaining settings (typically 10% or less) can be specified as editable and be made available to field engineers installing the devices. These will be settings such as protection element pickup values and CT and VT ratios. The settings template mode allows the user to define which settings will be visible in EnerVista UR Setup. Settings templates can be applied to both settings files (settings file templates) and online devices (online settings templates). The functionality is identical for both purposes. The settings template feature requires that both the EnerVista UR Setup software and the D60 firmware are at versions 5.40 or higher.
NOTE
a) ENABLING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE The settings file template feature is disabled by default. The following procedure describes how to enable the settings template for UR-series settings files. 1. 2. Select a settings file from the offline window of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Right-click on the selected device or settings file and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.
The settings file template is now enabled and the file tree displayed in light blue. The settings file is now in template editing mode. Alternatively, the settings template can also be applied to online settings. The following procedure describes this process. 1. 2. Select an installed device from the online window of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Right-click on the selected device and select the Template Mode > Create Template option.
The software will prompt for a template password. This password is required to use the template feature and must be at least four characters in length. 3. Enter and re-enter the new password, then click OK to continue.
The online settings template is now enabled. The device is now in template editing mode. b) EDITING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE The settings template editing feature allows the user to specify which settings are available for viewing and modification in EnerVista UR Setup. By default, all settings except the FlexLogic equation editor settings are locked. 1. 2. 3. 4. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Edit Template option to place the device in template editing mode. Enter the template password then click OK. Open the relevant settings windows that contain settings to be specified as viewable.
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By default, all settings are specified as locked and displayed against a grey background. The icon on the upper right of the settings window will also indicate that EnerVista UR Setup is in EDIT mode. The following example shows the phase time overcurrent settings window in edit mode.
Figure 82: SETTINGS TEMPLATE VIEW, ALL SETTINGS SPECIFIED AS LOCKED 5. Specify which settings to make viewable by clicking on them. The setting available to view will be displayed against a yellow background as shown below.
Figure 83: SETTINGS TEMPLATE VIEW, TWO SETTINGS SPECIFIED AS EDITABLE 6. 7. Click on Save to save changes to the settings template. Proceed through the settings tree to specify all viewable settings.
c) ADDING PASSWORD PROTECTION TO A TEMPLATE It is highly recommended that templates be saved with password protection to maximize security. The following procedure describes how to add password protection to a settings file template. 1. 2. Select a settings file from the offline window on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Selecting the Template Mode > Password Protect Template option.
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The software will prompt for a template password. This password must be at least four characters in length.
3.
The settings file template is now secured with password protection. When templates are created for online settings, the password is added during the initial template creation step. It does not need to be added after the template is created.
NOTE
d) VIEWING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE Once all necessary settings are specified for viewing, users are able to view the settings template on the online device or settings file. There are two ways to specify the settings view with the settings template feature: Display only those settings available for editing. Display all settings, with settings not available for editing greyed-out.
Use the following procedure to only display settings available for editing. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.
Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to view and edit the settings specified by the template. The effect of applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown below.
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Phase time overcurrent settings window without template applied. Phase time overcurrent window with template applied via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command. The template specifies that only the Pickup and Curve settings be available.
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Figure 84: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE COMMAND
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Viewing the settings in template mode also modifies the settings tree, showing only the settings categories that contain editable settings. The effect of applying the template to a typical settings tree view is shown below.
Typical settings tree view with template applied via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command.
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Figure 85: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW IN TEMPLATE MODE SETTINGS COMMAND Use the following procedure to display settings available for editing and settings locked by the template. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or a settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Apply the template by selecting the Template Mode > View All Settings option. Enter the template password then click OK to apply the template.
Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to edit the settings specified by the template, but all settings will be shown. The effect of applying the template to the phase time overcurrent settings is shown below.
Phase time overcurrent window with template applied via the Template Mode > View All Settings command. The template specifies that only the Pickup and Curve settings be available.
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Figure 86: APPLYING TEMPLATES VIA THE VIEW ALL SETTINGS COMMAND e) REMOVING THE SETTINGS TEMPLATE It may be necessary at some point to remove a settings template. Once a template is removed, it cannot be reapplied and it will be necessary to define a new settings template. 1. 2. 3. Select an installed device or settings file from the tree menu on the left of the EnerVista UR Setup main screen. Select the Template Mode > Remove Settings Template option. Enter the template password and click OK to continue.
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8.2 SETTINGS SECURITY 4. Verify one more time that you wish to remove the template by clicking Yes.
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The EnerVista software will remove all template information and all settings will be available. 8.2.2 SECURING AND LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATIONS The UR allows users to secure parts or all of a FlexLogic equation, preventing unauthorized viewing or modification of critical FlexLogic applications. This is accomplished using the settings template feature to lock individual entries within FlexLogic equations. Secured FlexLogic equations will remain secure when files are sent to and retrieved from any UR-series device. a) LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATION ENTRIES The following procedure describes how to lock individual entries of a FlexLogic equation. 1. 2. Right-click the settings file or online device and select the Template Mode > Create Template item to enable the settings template feature. Select the FlexLogic > FlexLogic Equation Editor settings menu item. By default, all FlexLogic entries are specified as viewable and displayed against a yellow background. The icon on the upper right of the window will also indicate that EnerVista UR Setup is in EDIT mode. 3. Specify which entries to lock by clicking on them. The locked entries will be displayed against a grey background as shown in the example below.
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Figure 87: LOCKING FLEXLOGIC ENTRIES IN EDIT MODE 4. 5. 6. Click on Save to save and apply changes to the settings template. Select the Template Mode > View In Template Mode option to view the template. Apply a password to the template then click OK to secure the FlexLogic equation.
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Once the template has been applied, users will only be able to view and edit the FlexLogic entries not locked by the template. The effect of applying the template to the FlexLogic entries in the above procedure is shown below.
Typical FlexLogic entries locked with template via the Template Mode > View In Template Mode command.
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Figure 88: LOCKING FLEXLOGIC ENTRIES THROUGH SETTING TEMPLATES The FlexLogic entries are also shown as locked in the graphical view (as shown below) and on the front panel display.
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Figure 89: SECURED FLEXLOGIC IN GRAPHICAL VIEW b) LOCKING FLEXLOGIC EQUATIONS TO A SERIAL NUMBER A settings file and associated FlexLogic equations can also be locked to a specific UR serial number. Once the desired FlexLogic entries in a settings file have been secured, use the following procedure to lock the settings file to a specific serial number. 1. 2. Select the settings file in the offline window. Right-click on the file and select the Edit Settings File Properties item.
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Figure 810: TYPICAL SETTINGS FILE PROPERTIES WINDOW 3. Enter the serial number of the D60 device to lock to the settings file in the Serial # Lock field.
The settings file and corresponding secure FlexLogic equations are now locked to the D60 device specified by the serial number. 8.2.3 SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY A traceability feature for settings files allows the user to quickly determine if the settings in a D60 device have been changed since the time of installation from a settings file. When a settings file is transfered to a D60 device, the date, time, and serial number of the D60 are sent back to EnerVista UR Setup and added to the settings file on the local PC. This information can be compared with the D60 actual values at any later date to determine if security has been compromised. The traceability information is only included in the settings file if a complete settings file is either transferred to the D60 device or obtained from the D60 device. Any partial settings transfers by way of drag and drop do not add the traceability information to the settings file.
The serial number and last setting change date are stored in the UR-series device.
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The serial number of the UR-series device and the file transfer date are added to the settings file when settings files are transferred to the device. Compare transfer dates in the settings file and the UR-series device to determine if security has been compromised.
SERIAL NUMBER AND TRANSFER DATE SENT BACK TO ENERVISTA AND ADDED TO SETTINGS FILE.
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Figure 811: SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY MECHANISM With respect to the above diagram, the traceability feature is used as follows.
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The transfer date of a setting file written to a D60 is logged in the relay and can be viewed via EnerVista UR Setup or the front panel display. Likewise, the transfer date of a setting file saved to a local PC is logged in EnerVista UR Setup. Comparing the dates stored in the relay and on the settings file at any time in the future will indicate if any changes have been made to the relay configuration since the settings file was saved.
a) SETTINGS FILE TRACEABILITY INFORMATION The serial number and file transfer date are saved in the settings files when they sent to an D60 device. The D60 serial number and file transfer date are included in the settings file device definition within the EnerVista UR Setup offline window as shown in the example below.
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Figure 812: DEVICE DEFINITION SHOWING TRACEABILITY DATA This information is also available in printed settings file reports as shown in the example below.
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The D60 serial number and file transfer date are available for an online device through the actual values. Select the Actual Values > Product Info > Model Information menu item within the EnerVista UR Setup online window as shown in the example below.
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Figure 814: TRACEABILITY DATA IN ACTUAL VALUES WINDOW This infomormation if also available from the front panel display through the following actual values:
ACTUAL VALUES ACTUAL VALUES PRODUCT INFO PRODUCT INFO MODEL INFORMATION MODEL INFORMATION SERIAL NUMBER LAST SETTING CHANGE
c) ADDITIONAL TRACEABILITY RULES The following additional rules apply for the traceability feature If the user changes any settings within the settings file in the offline window, then the traceability information is removed from the settings file. If the user creates a new settings file, then no traceability information is included in the settings file. If the user converts an existing settings file to another revision, then any existing traceability information is removed from the settings file. If the user duplicates an existing settings file, then any traceability information is transferred to the duplicate settings file.
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The EnerVista security management system is a role-based access control (RBAC) system that allows a security administrator to easily manage the security privileges of multiple users. This allows for access control of URPlus-series devices by multiple personnel within a substation and conforms to the principles of RBAC as defined in ANSI INCITS 359-2004. The EnerVista security management system is disabled by default to allow the administrator direct access to the EnerVista software after installation. It is recommended that security be enabled before placing the device in service. 8.3.2 ENABLING THE SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The EnerVista security management system is disabled by default. This allows access to the device immediately after installation. When security is disabled, all users are granted administrator access. 1. Select the Security > User Management menu item to open the user management configuration window.
2.
Check the Enable Security box in the lower-left corner to enable the security management system.
Security is now enabled for the EnerVista UR Setup software. It will now be necessary to enter a username and password upon starting the software. 8.3.3 ADDING A NEW USER The following pre-requisites are required to add new users to the EnerVista security management system. The user adding the new user must have administrator rights. The EnerVista security management system must be enabled.
The following procedure describes how to add new users. 1. 2. Select the Security > User Management menu item to open the user management configuration window. Enter a username in the User field. The username must be between 4 and 20 characters in length.
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8.3 ENERVISTA SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 3. Select the user access rights by checking one or more of the fields shown.
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The access rights are described in the following table Table 81: ACCESS RIGHTS SUMMARY
FIELD Delete Entry Actual Values Settings Commands Event Recorder FlexLogic Update Info DESCRIPTION Checking this box will delete the user when exiting the user management configuration window. Checking this box allows the user to read actual values. Checking this box allows the user to read setting values. Checking this box allows the user to execute commands. Checking this box allows the user to use the digital fault recorder. Checking this box allows the user to read FlexLogic values. Checking this box allows the user to write to any function to which they have read privileges. When any of the Settings, Event Recorder, and FlexLogic boxes are checked by themselves, the user is granted read access. When any of these are checked in conjunction with the Update Info box, they are granted read and write access. The user will not be granted write access to functions that are not checked, even if the Update Info field is checked. When this box is checked, the user will become an EnerVista URPlus Setup administrator, therefore receiving all of the administrative rights. Exercise caution when granting administrator rights.
Admin
4.
Click OK to add the new user to the security management system. 8.3.4 MODIFYING USER PRIVILEGES
The following pre-requisites are required to modify user privileges in the EnerVista security management system. The user modifying the privileges must have administrator rights. The EnerVista security management system must be enabled.
The following procedure describes how to modify user privileges. 1. 2. Select the Security > User Management menu item to open the user management configuration window. Locate the username in the User field.
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Modify the user access rights by checking or clearing one or more of the fields shown.
The access rights are described in the following table Table 82: ACCESS RIGHTS SUMMARY
FIELD Delete Entry Actual Values Settings Commands Event Recorder FlexLogic Update Info DESCRIPTION Checking this box will delete the user when exiting the user management configuration window. Checking this box allows the user to read actual values. Checking this box allows the user to read setting values. Checking this box allows the user to execute commands. Checking this box allows the user to use the digital fault recorder. Checking this box allows the user to read FlexLogic values. Checking this box allows the user to write to any function to which they have read privileges. When any of the Settings, Event Recorder, and FlexLogic boxes are checked by themselves, the user is granted read access. When any of these are checked in conjunction with the Update Info box, they are granted read and write access. The user will not be granted write access to functions that are not checked, even if the Update Info field is checked. When this box is checked, the user will become an EnerVista URPlus Setup administrator, therefore receiving all of the administrative rights. Exercise caution when granting administrator rights.
Admin
4.
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The distance elements use memory voltage for polarization. Additional supervising functions different for ground and phase distance zones complement a classical mho characteristic to enhance directional integrity and reach accuracy: To avoid overreaching during resistive faults under heavy pre-fault load conditions, the ground distance elements utilize a load-adaptive (zero-sequence polarized) reactance characteristic to supervise the base mho characteristic. Both negative and zero-sequence currents are compared with the memory voltage to enhance directional integrity of the ground distance elements. It is well known that ground distance elements as per the principle of distance relaying may have limited accuracy during double-line-to-ground faults. In order to prevent maloperation in such cases the ground elements are blocked by an extra fault-type comparator that utilizes the phase angle between the negative- and zero-sequence currents. The phase distance elements use reactance and memory polarized directional characteristics to supervise the mho characteristic. Both ground and phase distance elements have the current supervision functions built-in.
The quadrilateral distance characteristic uses the reactance, directional, and current supervising functions as described above. Right and left blinders adjustable as to both the resistive and angular positions complete the characteristic. More information regarding the distance characteristics is found in the Distance characteristics section. An example of analysis of the steady-state operation of the distance elements is found in the Distance elements analysis section. The relay provides five zones of distance protection. All zones are identical in terms of settings. However, zone 1 has extra adaptive mechanisms built-in to enhance the transient reach accuracy even when the voltage signals are supplied from poor quality voltage sources such as capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs). Ground zones 2 through 5, in turn, have an extra zero-sequence directional supervision implemented for their time-delayed operation after the memory expires. Consequently, zone 1 is recommended as an underreaching element, and zones 2 through 5 are recommended as overreaching elements and for time-delayed tripping. The relay uses offset ground directional overcurrent functions as an optional supplement of the ground distance protection for pilot-aided schemes. The elements are described in more details in the Ground directional overcurrent section. The relay provides for an adaptive distance reach control to cope with the overreaching and sub-synchronous oscillations when applied to, or in a near vicinity of series compensated lines. More details can be found in the Application on series compensated lines section. The distance elements use phase angle comparators to shape their characteristics as described in the Distance characteristics section. The voltage and current phasors are estimated using optimized techniques as explained in the next section. 9.1.2 PHASOR ESTIMATION The relay samples its input AC signals at 64 samples per power system cycle. A fast and accurate frequency tracking mechanism ensures accurate filtering and phasor estimation during off-nominal frequency conditions. The phasor estimation process for both currents and voltages is based on the commonly used Fourier algorithm. Due to a different nature of signal distortions in the current and voltage signals digital pre-filtering algorithms have been, however, designed and optimized separately for the current and voltage channels. The current signals are pre-filtered using an improved digital MIMIC filter. The filter removes effectively the DC component(s) guaranteeing transient overshoot below 2% regardless of the initial magnitude and time constant of the dc component(s). The filter has significantly better frequency response for higher frequencies as compared with a classical MIMIC filter. This was possible without introducing any significant phase delay thanks to the high sampling rate used by the relay. The voltage signals are pre-filtered using a special digital filter designed to cope with CVT transients. The patented filter combines filtering and memory actions enabling the relay to cope with CVT noise under high Source Impedance Ratios (SIRs). The filter controls underestimation of the fault voltage magnitude to less than 1% of the nominal and prevents certain phase angle anomalies that can be encountered under heavy CVT noise and high SIRs.
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a) DEFINITIONS The relay shapes its distance characteristics using phase angle comparators and voltage and current phasors estimated as described in the previous section. The following definitions pertain to all of the distance functions: IA, IB, IC: phase A, B, and C current phasors. IG: ground current from a parallel line. VA, VB, VC: phase A to ground, phase B to ground, and phase C to ground voltage phasors. ( )_1: positive-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities. ( )_2: negative-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities. ( )_0: zero-sequence phasor of ( ) derived from the phase quantities. ( )M: memorized value of ( ). Z: reach impedance (REACH RCA). ZREV: reverse reach impedance for non-directional applications (REV REACH REV REACH RCA + 180). ZD: directional characteristic impedance (1 DIR RCA). ZR: right blinder characteristic impedance: ZR = RGT BLD sin (RGT BLD RCA) 1 (RGT BLD RCA 90). ZL: left blinder characteristic impedance: ZL = LFT BLD sin (LFT BLD RCA) 1 (LFT BLD RCA + 90). K0: zero-sequence compensating factor: K0 = (Z0/Z1 MAG Z0/Z1 ANG) 1. K0M: mutual zero-sequence compensating factor: K0M = 1/3 x Z0M/Z1 MAG Z0M/Z1 ANG. : non-homogeneity angle setting (NON-HOMOGEN ANG).
b) DIRECTIONAL MHO CHARACTERISTIC The dynamic 100% memory polarized mho characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: (IA IB) Z (VA VB) BC phase element: (IB IC) Z (VB VC) CA phase element: (IC IA) Z (VC VA) and and and (VA VB)_1M (VB VC)_1M (VC VA)_1M and and and VA_1M VB_1M VC_1M
A ground element: IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA B ground element: IB Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VB C ground element: IC Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VC
The limit angle of the comparator is adjustable enabling the user to shape the characteristic as a mho or a lens as shown in the figures below.The memory-polarized mho characteristic has an excellent directional integrity built-in as explained in the Memory polarization section.
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GE Multilin
9 THEORY OF OPERATION
Reach setting
R MHO CHARACTERISTIC
837715A2.CDR
R LENS CHARACTERISTIC
837714A2.CDR
Figure 91: MHO AND LENS CHARACTERISTICS c) NON-DIRECTIONAL MHO CHARACTERISTIC The non-directional mho characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: (IA IB) Z (VA VB) BC phase element: (IB IC) Z (VB VC) CA phase element: (IC IA) Z (VC VA) A ground element: IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA B ground element: IB Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VB C ground element: IC Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VC and and and and and and (VA VB) (IA IB) ZREV (VB VC) (IB IC) ZREV (VC VA) (IC IA) ZREV VA (IA ZREV + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV) VB (IB ZREV + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV) VC (IC ZREV + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV)
d) MHO REACTANCE CHARACTERISTIC FOR DIRECTIONAL APPLICATIONS The reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: (IA IB) Z (VA VB) BC phase element: (IB IC) Z (VB VC) CA phase element: (IC IA) Z (VC VA) and and and (IA IB) Z. (IB IC) Z. (IC IA) Z. and and and I_0 Z. I_0 Z. I_0 Z.
A ground element: IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA B ground element: IB Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VB C ground element: IC Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VC
If the mho characteristic is selected, the limit angle of the comparator is adjustable concurrently with the limit angle of the mho characteristic, resulting in a tent shape complementing the lens characteristic being effectively applied. e) QUADRILATERAL REACTANCE CHARACTERISTIC FOR DIRECTIONAL APPLICATIONS The quadrilateral reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: (IA IB) Z (VA VB) BC phase element: (IB IC) Z (VB VC) CA phase element: (IC IA) Z (VC VA) and and and (IA IB) Z. (IB IC) Z. (IC IA) Z. and and and (j I_0 or j I_2A) ej. (j I_0 or j I_2B) ej. (j I_0 or j I_2C) ej.
A ground element: IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA B ground element: IB Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VB C ground element: IC Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VC
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
The ground elements are polarized from either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as per user-settings to maximize performance in non-homogenous systems. The polarizing current is additionally shifted by the user-selectable nonhomogeneity correction angle. f) REVERSE QUADRILATERAL REACTANCE CHARACTERISTIC FOR NON-DIRECTIONAL APPLICATIONS The reverse quadrilateral reactance characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: BC phase element: CA phase element: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element: (IA IB) ZREV (VA VB) and (IA IB) ZREV (IB IC) ZREV (VB VC) and (IB IC) ZREV (IC IA) ZREV (VC VA) and (IC IA) ZREV IA Z + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV VA and (j I_0 or j I_2A) ej(180 + ) IB Z + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV VB and (j I_0 or j I_2B) ej(180 + ) IC Z + I_0 K0 ZREV + IG K0M ZREV VC and (j I_0 or j I_2C) ej(180 + )
The ground elements are polarized from either zero-sequence or negative-sequence current as per user-settings to maximize performance in non-homogenous systems. The polarizing current is additionally shifted by the user-selectable nonhomogeneity correction angle. g) DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC The directional characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between: AB phase element: BC phase element: CA phase element: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element: (IA IB) ZD and (VA VB)_1M (IB IC) ZD and (VB VC)_1M (IC IA) ZD and (VC VA)_1M I_0 ZD and VA_1M IA_2 ZD and VA_1M I_0 ZD and VB_1M IB_2 ZD and VB_1M I_0 ZD and VC_1M IC_2 ZD and VC_1M
The characteristic and limit angles of the directional comparator are adjustable independently from the mho and reactance comparators. The directional characteristic improves directional integrity of the distance functions. h) RIGHT BLINDER The right blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals: AB phase element: BC phase element: CA phase element: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element: (IA IB) ZR (VA VB) and (IA IB) ZR (IB IC) ZR (VB VC) and (IB IC) ZR (IC IA) ZR (VC VA) and (IC IA) ZR IA ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR VA and IA ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR IB ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR VB and IB ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR IC ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR VC and IC ZR + I_0 K0 ZR + IG K0M ZR
The blinders apply to the Quad characteristic only. i) LEFT BLINDER The left blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the following signals:
AB phase element: BC phase element: CA phase element: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element:
(IA IB) ZL (VA VB) and (IA IB) ZL (IB IC) ZL (VB VC) and (IB IC) ZL (IC IA) ZL (VC VA) and (IC IA) ZL IA ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL VA and IA ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL IB ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL VB and IB ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL IC ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL VC and IC ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL
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The fault-type characteristic applies to ground elements only and is achieved by checking the angle between: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element: I_0 I_0 I_0 and and and IA_2; IB_2 IC_2
The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 50. The fault-type characteristic is intended to block the ground distance elements during double-line-to-ground faults. k) ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC The extra zero-sequence characteristic applies to ground zones 2 and higher and is achieved by checking angles between: A ground element: B ground element: C ground element: I_0 ZD I_0 ZD I_0 ZD and and and V_0 V_0 V_0
The limit angle of the comparator is not adjustable and equals 90. The zero-sequence directional characteristic improves directional integrity for time-delayed operations after the memory expires. l) OVERCURRENT SUPERVISION The overcurrent supervision responds to the following currents: AB phase element: BC phase element: CA phase element: A, B, C ground element: (IA IB) / 3 (IB IC) / 3 (IC IA) / 3 | 3 I_0 0.05 I_1 |
The following tables summarize the characteristics of the distance elements Table 91: DIRECTIONAL MHO PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC Variable mho Reactance Directional COMPARATOR INPUTS IZV IZV I ZD V_1M IZ V_1M LIMIT ANGLE COMP LIMIT COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT
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9.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS Table 94: DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC Reactance Directional Directional Right Blinder Left Blinder Fault-type Zero-sequence COMPARATOR INPUTS IZV I_0 ZD I_2 ZD I ZR V I ZL V I_0 I_0 ZD j I_0 ej or j I_2 ej V_1M V_1M I ZR I ZL I_2 V_0
9 THEORY OF OPERATION
LIMIT ANGLE COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT DIR COMP LIMIT (removed when 3I_0 > OC SUPV and I_2 < CUTOFF) 90 90 50 (removed during open pole conditions or when 3I_0 > OC SUPV and I_2 < CUTOFF) 90 (zones and higher only; removed for zones 2 and higher during open pole conditions)
9.1.4 MEMORY POLARIZATION All distance functions use memory polarization. The positive-sequence voltage either memorized or actual is used as a polarizing signal. The memory is established when the positive-sequence voltage remains above 80% of its nominal value for five power system cycles. The memory voltage is a three-cycle old voltage.
Once established, the memory is applied for the user-specified time interval. The memory timer is started when the voltage drops below 80% of nominal or when the user-programmable condition is asserted to force memory polarization. After the memory expires, the relay checks the magnitude of the actual positive-sequence voltage. If it is higher than 10% of nominal, the actual voltage is used; if lower, the memory voltage continues to be used. A provision is added to force self-polarization from any user-programmable condition. The memory-polarized mho has an extra directional integrity built-in as illustrated below. The self-polarized mho characteristic is shifted in the reverse direction for a forward fault by an amount proportional to the source impedance, and in the forward direction for a reverse fault.
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
Self-polarized mho
R
837719A1.CDR
Figure 92: DYNAMIC SHIFT OF THE MHO CHARACTERISTIC The same desirable effect of memory polarization applies to the directional comparator of the quadrilateral characteristic.
837724A1.CDR
Figure 93: DYNAMIC SHIFT OF THE MEMORY-POLARIZED DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC Mutual zero-sequence compensation may raise concerns regarding directional integrity on reverse faults in the situation when the relay gets overcompensated. This problem does not affect the D60 because its ground distance elements use zero-sequence and negative-sequence currents in extra directional comparators. Both the currents are from the protected line and are not affected by any compensation as the latter applies only to the reach defining comparators: the mho, reactance and blinder characteristics. 9.1.5 DISTANCE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS a) DESCRIPTION This subsection shows how to analyze the operation of the distance elements in steady states using the results of short circuit studies. All quantities are secondary ohms, volts, and amperes. Ground phase A and phase AB distance elements are analyzed. Assume the following settings have been entered: Phase Rotation: ABC Right Blinder Reach: 10 Nominal Secondary Voltage: 69.28 V Right Blinder RCA: 88 Distance Reach: 14 Left Blinder Reach: 5 Distance RCA: 88
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9.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS Left Blinder RCA: 88 Polarizing Current: Zero-sequence Non-Homogeneity Correction Angle: 3 Directional RCA: 88 Z0/Z1 Magnitude: 4.55 Overcurrent supervision: 3 A Z0/Z1 Angle: 12 Distance Comparator limit angle: 75 Z0M/Z1 Magnitude: 0 Directional Comparator limit angle: 75 Assume the following signals are injected to the relay: VA = 64.71 V 0.0 (pre-fault) VA = 25.43 V 19.9 VB = 80.22 V 133.5 VC = 77.33 V 135.7 IA = 4.47 A 107.8 IB = 2.92 A 68.9 IC = 2.93 A 51.1 Based on the entered setting the relay calculates: K0 = 3.58 15.2 K0M= 0 Z = 14.00 88 ZD = 1 88 ZR = 9.99 2 ZL = 4.99 178 For the assumed steady-state injection the relay calculates: VA_1 VA_1M I_0 IA_2 V_0 (VAVB)_1 (VAVB)_1M IAIB = 58.83 V 2.1 = 64.71 V 0.0 = 1.37 A 68.2 = 1.37 A 68.1 = 29.18 V 8.4 = 93.35 V 32.0 = 112.08 V 30.0 = 7.39 A 109.1
9 THEORY OF OPERATION
b) MHO PHASE A TO GROUND ELEMENT (BEFORE MEMORY EXPIRES) IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IA K0M Z VA = 103.33 V 3.9 VA_1M = 64.71 V 0.0 IA_2 ZD = 1.37 V 19.8 I_0 Z = 19.11 V 19.8 I_0 ZD = 1.37 V 19.8 Overcurrent supervision: | 3 I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A Mho difference angle = | 3.9 0 | = 3.9 < 75 Reactance difference angle = | 3.9 19.8 | = 23.7 < 75 Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8 0.0 | = 19.8 < 75 Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8 0.0 | = 19.8 < 75 Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8 19.8 | = 0.0 < 50
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GE Multilin
9 THEORY OF OPERATION All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied. The MHO phase A ground element will operate for this fault. c) MHO PHASE A TO GROUND ELEMENT (AFTER MEMORY EXPIRES)
After the memory expires, the relay checks the actual positive-sequence voltage and compares it with 10% of the nominal voltage: | VA_1 | = 58.83 V > 0.1 69.28 V After the memory expires the relay will use the actual voltage for polarization. IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA = 103.33 V 3.9 VA_1 = 58.83 V 2.1 IA_2 ZD = 1.37 V 19.8 I_0 Z = 19.11 V 19.8 I_0 ZD = 1.37 V 19.8 Overcurrent supervision: | 3 I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A Mho difference angle = | 3.9 (2.1) | = 1.8 < 75 Reactance difference angle = | 3.9 19.8 | = 23.7 < 75 Zero-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8 (2.1) | = 21.9 < 75 Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8 (2.1) | = 21.9 < 75 Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8 19.8 | = 0.0 < 50
All four comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied. The Zone 1 MHO phase A ground element will operate for this fault. Zero-sequence directional difference angle for zones 2 and higher (phase A) = | 19.8 8.4 | = 11.4 < 90.
Zones 2 and hihger phase A ground elements will pick-up, time-out and operate. d) MHO AB PHASE ELEMENT (IA IB) Z (VA VB) = 88.65 V 78.7 (VA VB)_1M = 112.08 V 30.0 (IA IB) Z = 103.50 V 21.2 (IA IB) ZD = 7.39 V 21.2 Overcurrent supervision: | (IA IB) / 3 | = 4.27 A > 3 A Mho difference angle = | 78.7 30.0 | = 108.7 > 75 Reactance difference angle = | 78.7 (21.2) | = 57.5 < 75 Directional difference angle = | 21.2 30.0 | = 51.2 < 75 The mho comparator is not satisfied. The MHO AB phase element will not operate for this fault. Repeating the above analysis one concludes that out of the six distance elements only the ground element in phase A will operate for this fault. e) QUAD PHASE A TO GROUND ELEMENT (BEFORE MEMORY EXPIRES) IA Z + I_0 K0 Z + IG K0M Z VA = 103.33 V 3.9 VA_1M j I_0 I_0 ZD IA ZR + I_0 K0 ZR ej3 IA_2 ZD = 64.71 V 0.0 = 1.37 A 24.8 = 1.37 V 19.8 = 1.37 V 19.8 = 91.5 V 93.0
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9.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS IA ZL + I_0 K0 ZL + IG K0M ZL VA= 57.0 V 108.7 IA ZL + I_0 K0 ZL = 45.8 V 82.9 Overcurrent supervision: | 3 I_0 | = 4.09 A > 3 A Reactance difference angle = | 3.9 24.8 | = 28.7 < 75 Zero-sequence difference angle = | 19.8 0.0 | = 19.8 < 75 Negative-sequence directional difference angle = | 19.8 0.0 | = 19.8 < 75 Right blinder difference angle = | 93.0 (109.2) | = 16.2 < 90 Left blinder difference angle = | 82.9 108.7 | = 25.8 < 90 Fault-type comparator difference angle = | 19.8 19.8 | = 0.0 < 50
9 THEORY OF OPERATION
All six comparators and the overcurrent supervision are satisfied. The Quad Phase A ground element will operate for this fault.
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
As a Wye-Delta transformer introduces discontinuity for the zero-sequence circuit, the ground distance protection cannot be applied, except special circumstances, to respond to faults behind the transformer. The phase distance elements, however, could be developed so that both accurate reach and correct fault phase identification is retained for faults behind the power transformer as seen from the relaying point. Without appropriate compensation, the relay's reach would depend on a type of fault, creating considerable difficulties in applying the relay. The D60 provides for any location of the VTs and CTs with respect to the involved power transformer and the direction of any given zone. In the following equations, the VT and CT locations are referenced as None if the transformer is not present between the CT/VT and the intended reach point. Otherwise, the location is to be selected as a type of a transformer as seen from the VT/CT position towards the intended reach point. The following figure explains the adopted rules.
(a) (b)
delta
delta
(c)
delta
(e)
L1 L2
Figure 94: APPLICATIONS OF THE PHS DIST XFMR VOL/CUR CONNECTION SETTINGS
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
IA IB IB IC IC IA 3I A 3I B 3I C I AB_21P = 3I C I BC_21P = 3I A I CA_21P = 3I B I AB_21P = 3I B I BC_21P = 3I C I CA_21P = 3I A I AB_21P = 3I A I BC_21P = 3I B I CA_21P = 3I C I AB_21P = 3I C I BC_21P = 3I A I CA_21P = 3I B I AB_21P = 3I B I BC_21P = 3I C I CA_21P = 3I A
V AB V BC V CA 1------ ( V AB V CA ) 3 1------ ( V BC V AB ) 3 1------ ( V CA V BC ) 3 1V AB_21P = ------ ( V BC V CA ) 3 1V BC_21P = ------ ( V CA V AB ) 3 1V CA_21P = ------ ( V AB V BC ) 3 1V AB_21P = ------ ( V BC V AB ) 3 1V BC_21P = ------ ( V CA V BC ) 3 1V CA_21P = ------ ( V AB V CA ) 3 1V AB_21P = ------ ( V CA V AB ) 3 1V BC_21P = ------ ( V AB V BC ) 3 1V CA_21P = ------ ( V BC V CA ) 3 1V AB_21P = ------ ( V CA V BC ) 3 1V BC_21P = ------ ( V AB V CA ) 3 1V CA_21P = ------ ( V BC V AB ) 3 1V AB_21P = ------ ( V AB V BC ) 3 1V BC_21P = ------ ( V BC V CA ) 3 1V CA_21P = ------ ( V CA V AB ) 3
BC
CA
Dy3
AB
BC
CA
Dy5
AB
BC
CA
Dy7
AB
BC
CA
Dy9
AB
BC
CA
Dy11
AB
BC
CA
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
1I AB_21P = ------ ( 2I A I B I C ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( 2I B I A I C ) 3 1I CA_21P = ------ ( 2I C I A I B ) 3 1I AB_21P = ------ ( I A + I B 2I C ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( I B + I C 2I A ) 3 1I CA_21P = ------ ( I A + I C 2I B ) 3 1I AB_21P = ------ ( 2I B I A I C ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( 2I C I A I B ) 3 1I CA_21P = ------ ( 2I A I B I C ) 3 1I AB_21P = ------ ( I B + I C 2I A ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( I A + I C 2I B ) 3 1I CA_21P = ------ ( I A + I B 2I C ) 3 1I AB_21P = ------ ( 2I C I A I B ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( 2I A I B I C ) 3 1 I CA_21P = ------ ( 2I B I A I C ) 3 1I AB_21P = ------ ( I A + I C 2I B ) 3 1I BC_21P = ------ ( I A + I B 2I C ) 3 I CA_21P 1= ------ ( I B + I C 2I A ) 3
3V A 3V B 3V C
BC
CA
Yd3
AB
BC
CA
Yd5
AB
BC
CA
Yd7
AB
BC
CA
Yd9
AB
BC
CA
Yd11
AB
V AB_21P = 3V B V BC_21P = 3V C
BC
CA
9
V CA_21P = 3V A
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
Equations from the Current Transformation and Voltage Transformation columns are used to derive inputs to the three (AB, BC, and CA) phase distance elements. For example, if the CTs are located at the delta side of the Delta-Wye 11 transformer, and a given zone is set to look through the transformer into the system connected to the Wye winding, the CT location setting for that zone shall be set to Dy11 and the relay would use 3I B instead of a traditional I A I B for the AB phase distance element. The current supervision pickup setting applies to the currents specified in the Current Transformation columns. A distance zone originates at the location of the VTs (regardless of the location of the CTs). For more information on settings please refer to Chapter 9: Application of Settings. 9.2.2 EXAMPLE Consider the system shown below:
150 MVA, 10% 13.8kV/315kV delta wye, 330 lag ZL = 30.1185 AB
H VT = 13.8kV/120V CT = 8000:5
837727A2.CDR
Figure 95: SAMPLE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION Normally, in order to respond to the fault shown in the figure, a distance relay shall be applied at the relaying point X. The relay input signals at this location are shown in the following table.
INPUT VA VB VC IA IB IC PRIMARY 100.4 kV 7.32 97.23 kV 53.4 181.8 kV 150.0 1.288 kA 27.6 1.288 kA 152.4 0 SECONDARY 38.25 V 7.32 37.04 V 53.4 69.26 V 150.0 21.47 A 27.6 21.47 A 152.4 0
If installed at the location X, the relay would use the following input signals for its phase AB distance element:
V = VAB = 77.402 kV 57.5 primary or 29.49 V 57.5 secondary I = IA IB = 2.576 kA 27.6 primary or 42.93 A 27.6 secondary And consequently it would see an apparent impedance of: Zapp = V / I = 30.05 85 primary or 0.687 85 secondary
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
Consequently, the following signals are applied to the phase AB distance element: 1V = ------ V AB V BC = 10.861 kV 59.9 primary or 94.45 V 59.9 secondary 3 I = 3I B = 58.860 kA 27.6 primary or 36.75 A 27.6 secondary This results in the following apparent impedance: 94.45 kV 59.9Z app = V = --------------------------------------------- = 2.570 87.5 secondary --I 36.75 kA 27.6
(EQ 9.3) (EQ 9.1)
(EQ 9.2)
The above value is a correct measure of the distance from the VT location to the fault. For relay location 2, this certainly includes the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer: 10- ( 13.8 kV ) Z T ( at 13.8 kV ) = --------- --------------------------- = 0.127 90 100 150 MVA 13.8 2 Z L ( at 13.8 kV ) = 30.11 ---------- = 0.05779 85 315 Thus, 0.127 90 + 0.05779 85 = 0.1847 88.4 primary side or 2.569 88.4 on the secondary side. The above example illustrates how the relay maintains correct reach for fault behind power transformers. When installed at X, the relay shall be set to 0.687 85 secondary in order to reach to the fault shown in the figure. When installed at H, the relay shall be set to 2.569 88.4 to ensure exactly same coverage. See Chapter 9: Application of Settings for more information on setting calculations.
2
(EQ 9.4)
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Consider the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element. As illustrated below, the negative-sequence voltage could be low during internal fault conditions.
(a) (b)
S_op S_pol I_2 x Z ECA
V_2 V_2 UR
-V_2
I_2
(c)
(d)
I_2 x Z V_2 > I_2 * Z_2line -V_2 S_pol S_op -V_2 ECA V_2
I_2 UR
Figure 96: OFFSET IMPEDANCE AUGMENTATION In order to ensure operation of the element under such circumstances the angle comparator uses a polarizing voltage augmented by the negative-sequence current as per following equations: Forward-looking element: S_pol = V_2 + I_2 Z_offset 1 ECA S_op = I_2 1 ECA Reverse-looking element: S_pol = V_2 + I_2 Z_offset 1 ECA S_op = I_2 1 ECA
(EQ 9.6) (EQ 9.5)
Where ECA = forward ECA angle (maximum torque angle) and Z_offset = offset impedance. The effect of the augmentation for forward and reverse fault is shown in the figures above. As long as the offset impedance is not higher than the negativesequence line impedance the element will ensure correct and fast fault direction identification for both forward and reverse faults. The same principle applies to the neutral directional overcurrent element. 9.3.2 EXAMPLE Consider relay input signals as in the Distance Elements Analysis section and assume an offset impedance of 4 and ECA and limit angles of 88 and 90, respectively. The relay calculates the following negative-sequence quantities: V_2 = 6.39 V 159.6; I_2 = 1.37 A 68.1; I_1 = 2.94 A 144.2 and the following signals for the directional unit of the negative-sequence directional overcurrent element: Forward-looking element: S_pol = 11.87 V 20.2 S_op = 1.37 V 20.2 Reverse-looking element: S_pol = 11.87 V 20.2 S_op = 1.37 V 160.0
After comparing the angles, a solid forward indication is given. Assume further the pickup setting of 0.25 A for both forward and reverse directions, and the Negative-sequence mode setting entered for the overcurrent unit of the element. The relay calculates the operating signal using the positivesequence restraint:
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GE Multilin
The overcurrent unit will pickup and the element will operate in the forward direction.
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Faults on or in a close vicinity of series compensated lines may create problems for distance protection: Voltage and/or current inversion may lead to false direction discrimination by directional elements. This may potentially include both a failure to operate on a forward in-zone fault as well as misoperation on a reverse fault. Both distance and overcurrent directional elements can be affected. Series-capacitors and their overvoltage protection equipment (air gaps and/or Metal-Oxide Varistors) have a steadystate overreaching effect on the apparent impedance seen by the relay - a forward fault may appear much closer to the relay as compared with the actual fault location. The apparent impedance may be shifted towards the relay by as much as the total reactance of the series capacitors placed between the potential source of the relay and the fault point. This extreme steady-state overreach happens during low-current faults when the air-gaps do not flashover or the MOVs do not conduct any significant current. In addition to the above steady-state overreach effect; sub-synchronous oscillations in both currents and voltages may cause significant transient overreach.
Distance protection elements of the D60 deal with the problem of voltage inversion by using 100% memory polarized directional comparators. As the memory duration is set longer that the slowest fault clearing time for reverse faults, it is guaranteed that the distance element would not pick-up on reverse faults should the voltage inversion happen. At the same time, it is guaranteed that the distance elements would pick-up for all forward faults regardless of any voltage inversion as long as the memory voltage is used. Before the memory expires the relay would respond to any fault on the protected line. Stepped distance backup zones operate after the memory voltage expires. But the backup protection responds to distant faults that do not cause any inversion of the positive-sequence voltage. As a result, the time-delayed stepped-distance zones are guaranteed to operate. Distance protection elements of the D60 deal with the problem of current inversion by using a multi-input-comparator approach as described in the Distance Characteristics subsection. Should the current inversion happen, the distance elements are secure on reverse faults because multiple conditions involving fault-loop, negative-sequence and zero-sequence currents and the memory voltage are checked prior to declaring a forward fault. On close-in forward faults beyond the series capacitors as seen from the relaying point, the current inversion phenomenon may take place for a short period of time. The condition cannot sustain for a long time as very high fault currents would occur causing large voltage drops across the series capacitors and prompting the overvoltage protection of the capacitors to operate quickly. This would effectively remove the series compensation and eliminate the current inversion. However, when the currents used by distance comparator (fault-loop current for ground and phase distance protection, and the negative- and zero-sequence currents for ground elements) stay shifted by more than 90 degrees from their natural fault position determined by the user as the element characteristic angle, the distance elements may fail to pick-up on such a forward fault for the brief period of current inversion. This is an inherent attribute of the 100% memory polarized mho element, and not a weakness particular to the D60 relay. Therefore, for dependability, it is recommended to use high-set phase overcurrent protection for direct tripping on close-in faults potentially causing current inversion, and overreaching ground fault directional overcurrent functions (such as negative-sequence, ground or neutral) for communication-aided schemes. The problem of steady-state overreaching due to the negative reactance of the series capacitors may be addressed in the D60 in a traditional way by shortening the reach of an underreaching distance elements to the net inductive reactance of the line between the potential source and the far end busbar(s). This generic approach has two major drawbacks. First, it leaves large portion of the line uncovered by the directly tripping distance protection. Second, it does not solve the transient overreaching problem caused by sub-synchronous oscillations. Therefore, the D60 offers a unique option for dynamic reach control that is effectively based on the magnitude of the current flowing through the series capacitor bank(s). The underreaching distance functions can be set as for plain uncompensated line, i.e. using the impedance of the line alone, and the relay would control an effective reach accordingly using the current magnitude as illustrated in the figure below. The reach is reduced sufficiently to cope with both steady-state and transient overreach phenomena. For large degrees of compensation and small-current faults, the transient overreach may be as high as 100%. This means that fast distance protection is not achievable. The adaptive D60's mechanism would guarantee security on external faults. Overreaching ground fault directional overcurrent functions (such as negative-sequence, ground or neutral) shall be used for dependability.
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SET REACH (ZR) ACTUAL REACH FOR VERY HIGH CURRENTS ACTUAL REACH IS A FUNCTION OF CURRENT MAGNITUDE
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Figure 97: DYNAMIC REACH CONTROL Section (a) of the figure below shows the effect of adaptive reach control for low-current external fault. The reach is reduced sufficiently to cope with both transient and steady-state overreach. Section (b) shows a high-current external fault. The air gaps or MOVs conduct majority of the fault current and neither steady-state nor transient overreach takes place. The relay does not reduce its reach as it is not necessary. Section (c) shows a high-current internal fault. Because of the large current, the reach is not reduced and the element responds to this internal fault. Traditional approach would leave this fault out of the relay reach. The neutral and negative-sequence directional protection functions of the relay cope with the voltage and/or current inversions by adding appropriate offset to their polarizing signals as explained in the Ground Directional Overcurrent section. The offset impedance can always be successfully selected to guarantee correct fault direction discrimination regardless of the degree of compensation and location of the series capacitors and the potential source. Refer to Chapter 9: Application of Settings for detailed recommendations on settings for series compensation applications.
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
(a)
Set reach
FAR-E N BUSB D AR RF
Z SC&MOV
Impedance Trajectory
SC
M OV
(b)
Set reach
FAR-E N BUSB D AR RF
SC
M OV
(c)
FAR-E N BUSB D AR
Set reach
M OV
SC
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Single pole operations make use of many features of the relay. At the minimum, the trip output, recloser, breaker control, open pole detector, and phase selector must be fully programmed and in service; and either protection elements or digital inputs representing fault detection must be available for successful operation. When single pole trip-and-reclose is required overall control within the relay is performed by the trip output element. This element includes interfaces with pilot aided schemes, the line pickup, breaker control, and breaker failure elements. Single pole operations are based on use of the phase selector to identify the type of the fault, to eliminate incorrect fault identification that can be made by distance elements in some circumstances and to provide trip initiation from elements that are not capable of any fault type identification, such as high-set negative-sequence directional overcurrent element. The scheme is also designed to make use of the advantages provided by communications channels with multiple-bit capacities for fault identification.
Phase selector Volts and amps Reset output Block specific protection elements Trip output Protection elements Inputs Pilotaided schemes Setting Inputs Setting Outputs Initiate breaker failure Breaker 1 and 2 pole state Breaker 1 and 2 out-of-service Setting Single-pole trip request Single-pole trip Open pole detector Trip A or B or C Volts and amps Fault locator
Setting
Single-pole operation
Setting
Three-pole operation
Operator Setting
Reclose request
Initiate Initiate
Recloser Multi-phase
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Figure 99: SINGLE-POLE OPERATION The trip output element receives requests for single and three pole trips and three pole reclose initiation, which it then processes to generate outputs that are used to: Determine whether a single or three pole operation should be performed. Initiate tripping of breaker poles A, B and C, either individually or as a group. Initiate breaker failure protection for phases A, B and C, either individually or as a group. Notify the open pole detector when a single pole operation is imminent. Initiate either single or three pole reclosing.
Breaker 1 and 2
Setting
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9.5 SINGLE-POLE TRIPPING Notify the phase selector when a trip operation is imminent.
9 THEORY OF OPERATION
When notified that a single pole operation has been initiated open pole detector will: Initiate blocking of protection elements that could potentially maloperate when a breaker pole is open. Instruct the phase selector to de-assert all outputs, as an open pole invalidates calculations.
The operation of the scheme on a line in a single breaker arrangement will be described. The line is protected by a D60 relay using the line pickup and zone 1 phase and ground distance elements, and a permissive overreaching transfer trip scheme (using zone 2 phase and ground distance elements as well as negative-sequence directional overcurrent elements, GND DIR O/C FWD: NEG SEQ OC1 FWD, GND DIR O/C REV: NEG SEQ OC1 REV). Zone 1 is configured to issue a single-pole trip when appropriate (TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-1: GND DIST Z1 OP, TRIP 1-POLE INPUT-2: PHS DIST Z1 OP). By default the POTT scheme will issue a single-pole trip. It is assumed that when tripping three-poles both the zone 1 and the POTT shall initiate three-pole reclosing. This is achieved by setting TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-1: POTT TRIP 3P, TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-2: GND DIST Z1 OP, and TRIP RECLOSE INPUT-3: PHS DIST Z1 OP. It is assumed for this discussion that the relay features that are shown on Single pole operation diagram above have all been programmed for the application and are in service. The description begins with line breakers open at both the local and remote ends, and the operation of the scheme is described in chronological order. Because the line is de-energized the line pickup element is armed. The recloser is presently enabled. An operator requests that breaker control close the breaker, and it operates output relays to close breaker poles A, B and C. This operator manual close request is also forwarded from breaker control to recloser, which becomes disabled, de-asserting its Enabled output. This output is transferred to trip output, where it converts any input request for a single pole operation into a threepole operation. At the recloser, the AR1 BLK TIME @ MAN CLOSE timer is started. The breaker closes and status monitoring contacts on the breaker poles change state; the new breaker pole states are reported to breaker control, which in turn transfers these states to the recloser, trip output, breaker failure and open pole detector. Because a fault is not detected the AR1 BLK TIME @ MAN CLOSE times out and the recloser is enabled, which asserts the Enabled output, informing the trip output element that single pole trip operations are now permitted. When normal voltage appears on the line the line pickup element is disarmed. As the local line breaker has not tripped the operator closes the breaker at the remote end of the line, placing the line in service. Several scenarios are considered below. b) SLG FAULT An AG fault occurs close to the considered relay. Immediately after the fault, the disturbance detector (50DD) picks-up and activates the phase selector. The phase selector recognizes an AG fault by asserting its PHASE SELECT AG operand. Ground distance zone 1 (AG element) responds to the fault. As the fault is close to the relay, phase distance zone 1 (AB, CA elements) may respond to this fault as well. In any case, a single-pole operation is requested by zone 1 via the GND DIST Z1 OP and/or PHS DIST Z1 OP operands. At this moment the request to trip is placed for the trip output. As the fault is recognized as an AG fault, the TRIP PHASE A operand is asserted by the trip output. This signal is passed to the breaker control scheme and results in tripping pole A of the breaker. Simultaneously with the TRIP PHASE A operand, the TRIP 1-POLE operand is asserted. This operand activates the open pole detector. The latter detector responds to the TRIP PHASE A signal by declaring phase A open by asserting OPEN POLE OP A (even before it is actually opened). The TRIP PHASE A signal resets only after the breaker actually operates as indicated by its auxiliary contact. At this moment the open pole detector responds to the breaker position and continues to indicate phase A opened. This indication results in establishing blocking signals for distance elements (OPEN POLE BLK AB, OPEN POLE BLK CA operands are asserted). If neutral and negative-sequence overcurrent elements are mapped into the trip output to trigger single-pole tripping, they must be blocked with the OPEN POLE BLK N operand, specifically provided for this purpose. The OPEN POLE BLK N operand must be assigned through the block setting of the overcurrent element. The two latter operands block phase distance AB and CA elements, respectively (all zones); the OPEN POLE A OP blocks the ground distance AG elements (all zones). As a result, the Z1 OP and Z2 PKP operands that were picked-up reset immediately. The following distance elements remain operational guarding the line against evolving faults: BG, CG and BC. As zone 2 and/or negative-sequence directional elements pick up due to the fault, the permission to trip is keyed to the remote end. Assume here that a single-bit channel is used. If so, no extra information is sent to the remote end, just permission to trip sent over the TX1 operand. Upon receiving permission to trip over RX1, the POTT scheme decides to trip. The scheme will check the phase selector for phase type identification and will issue a trip for phase A by asserting the POTT TRIP A operand. This operand is passed to the trip output and results in exactly same action as described above for zone 1.
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Depending on response times, the actual trip is initiated either by zone 1 or by the POTT scheme. At the moment TRIP 1POLE operand is asserted, the phase selector resets and no other trip action could take place. After the trip command is issued all the picked up elements are forced to reset by the open pole detector. The TRIP 1-POLE operand initiates automatically a single-pole autoreclose. The autoreclose is started and asserts the AR RIP operand. This operand keeps blocking the phase selector so that it does not respond to any subsequent events. At the same time the operand removes zero-sequence directional supervision from ground distance zones 2 and 3 so that they could respond to a single-line-to-ground fault during open pole conditions. The AR FORCE 3-P TRIP operand is asserted 1.25 cycles following autoreclose initiation. This operand acts as an enabler for any existing trip request. In this case none of the protection elements is picked up at this time, therefore no more trips are initiated. When the recloser dead time interval is complete it signals the breaker control element to close the breaker. The breaker control element operates output relays to close the breaker. When pole A of the breaker closes this new status is reported to the breaker control element, which transfers this data to the breaker failure, autorecloser, open pole detector and trip output elements. The response at breaker failure is dependent on the programming of that element. The response at the autorecloser is not relevant to this discussion. At the open pole detector, the blocking signals to protection elements are de-asserted. If the fault was transient the reset time would expire at the autorecloser and the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP and RIP outputs would be de-asserted, returning all features to the state described at the beginning of this description. If the fault was permanent appropriate protection elements would detect it and place a trip request for the trip output element. As the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is still asserted, the request is executed as a three-pole trip. The response of the system from this point is as described above for the second trip, except the autorecloser will go to lockout upon the next initiation (depending on the number of shots programmed). c) SLG FAULT EVOLVING INTO LLG When an AG fault occurs the events unfold initially as in the previous example. If the fault evolves quickly, the phase selector will change its initial assessment from AG to ABG fault and when the trip request is placed either by the zone 1 or the POTT scheme, a three-pole trip will be initiated. If this is the case, all three TRIP PHASE A, B and C operands will be asserted. The command is passed to the breaker control element and results in a three-pole trip. At the same time the recloser is initiated as per settings of the trip output. As the TRIP 3-POLE operand is asserted (not the TRIP 1-POLE operand) the open pole is not activated. Because the AR RIP in progress is asserted, the phase selector is blocked as well. If the fault evolves slowly, the sequence is different: The relay trips phase A as in the previous example. The phase selector resets, the open pole detector is activated and forces the zone 1 and zone 2 AG, AB, CA and negative-sequence overcurrent elements to reset. If the zone 1 BG element picks up, or the zone 2 BG element picks up resulting in operation of the POTT scheme, no trip command will be issued until the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is asserted. This happens 1.25 cycles after the first trip. If at this time or any time later a request for trip is placed (due to an evolving fault), a three-pole trip is initiated. The TRIP 1-POLE operand is de-asserted by the TRIP 3-POLE operand, resetting the open pole detector. Shortly all three-poles are opened. When the dead time expires, the recloser signals the breaker control to close the breaker. At this time all the protection elements are operational, as the open pole detector is not blocking any elements. If the line-side VTs are used, the line pickup element is armed as well. If there is a fault on the line, these elements will pickup the fault and issue next request for trip. This request results in three-pole trip as the AR FORCE 3-P TRIP is still asserted. The response of the system from this point is as described above for the second trip, except the recloser will go to lockout upon the next initiation (depending on the number of shots programmed).
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The D60 uses phase relations between current symmetrical components for phase selection. First, the algorithm validates if there is enough zero-sequence, positive-sequence, and negative-sequence currents for reliable analysis. The comparison is adaptive; that is, the magnitudes of the three symmetrical components used mutually as restraints confirm if a given component is large enough to be used for phase selection. Once the current magnitudes are validated, the algorithm analyzes phase relations between the negative-sequence and positive-sequence currents and negative-sequence and zerosequence currents (when applicable) as illustrated below.
AB, ABG CG, ABG
BG
BC, BCG
I2F
AG I1F
I2F
CG
CA, CAG
BG, CAG
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Figure 910: PHASE SELECTION PRINCIPLE (ABC PHASE ROTATION) Due to dual comparisons, the algorithm is very secure. For increased accuracy and to facilitate operation in weak systems, the pre-fault components are removed from the analyzed currents. The algorithm is very fast and ensures proper phase selection before any of the correctly set protection elements operates. Under unusual circumstances such as weak-infeed conditions with the zero-sequence current dominating during any ground fault, or during cross-country faults, the current-based phase selector may not recognize any of the known fault pattern. If this is the case, voltages are used for phase selection. The voltage algorithm is the same as the current-based algorithm; for example, phase angles between the zero-sequence, negative-sequence, and positive-sequence voltages are used. The pre-fault values are subtracted prior to any calculations. The pre-fault quantities are captured and the calculations start when the disturbance detector (50DD) operates. When an open pole is declared, the phase selector resets all its outputs operands and ignores any subsequent operations of the disturbance detector. The phase selector runs continuously. When there is no disturbance in the power system, and the disturbance detector (50DD) from the source assigned as the DISTANCE SOURCE is reset, then the PHASE SELECT VOID FlexLogic operand is set and all other phase selector operands are reset. All current and voltage sequence components are memorized and continuously updated. When the disturbance detector (50DD) operates, memory stops being updated and retains two cycles of old current and voltage values. First, purely fault components of current and voltage are calculated by removing the pre-fault (memory) quantities from presently calculated values. A series of conditions are checked with respect to magnitudes and phase angles of current and voltage symmetrical components in order to detect the fault type. Secondly, currents are used to identify the fault type (AG, BG, CG, AB, BC, CA, ABG, BCG or CAG) according to the Phase selection principle figure above. If the currents fail to identify the fault type, and voltages are available, then voltages are used. If any of the above types is determined, then the corresponding FlexLogic operand below is asserted.
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OPERAND PHASE SELECT AG PHASE SELECT BG PHASE SELECT CG PHASE SELECT AB PHASE SELECT BC PHASE SELECT CA PHASE SELECT ABG PHASE SELECT BCG PHASE SELECT CAG
DESCRIPTION Asserted when a phase A to ground fault is detected. Asserted when a phase B to ground fault is detected. Asserted when a phase C to ground fault is detected. Asserted when a phase A to B fault is detected. Asserted when a phase B to C fault is detected. Asserted when a phase C to A fault is detected. Asserted when a phase A to B to ground fault is detected. Asserted when a phase B to C to ground fault is detected. Asserted when a phase C to A to ground fault is detected.
If none of the fault types indicated above is determined, then three-phase fault conditions are checked to detect the presence of positive-sequence current and the absence of both zero-sequence and negative-sequence current. If these conditions are met, then the PHASE SELECT 3P FlexLogic operand is asserted; otherwise, the PHASE SELECT VOID operand is asserted, indicating that the phase selector failed to identify the fault type. Finally, the states of the following additional FlexLogic operands are determined.
OPERAND PHASE SELECT SLG PHASE SELECT MULTI-P DESCRIPTION Asserted if any of PHASE SELECT AG, PHASE SELECT BG, or PHASE SELECT CG operands is active. Asserted if neither the PHASE SELECT SLG nor PHASE SELECT VOID operands are being asserted.
The phase selector operands are reset cycle after the OPEN POLE OP FlexLogic operand is asserted or 500 ms after the disturbance detector (50DD) initially operated. In the reset state, all phase selector FlexLogic operands are reset until reset conditions are removed and the phase selector is ready for the next operation.
DELAY 0.5 cycles DELAY 0 FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRCn 50DD OP FLEXLOGIC OPERAND SRCn VT FUSE FAIL OP SETTING DISTANCE SOURCE: I_0 I_1 I_2 V_0 V_1 V_2 837027A5.CDR DELAY 4 cycles AND 0 500 ms START FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS PHASE SELECT AG PHASE SELECT BG PHASE SELECT CG PHASE SELECT AB PHASE SELECT BC PHASE SELECT CA PHASE SELECT ABG PHASE SELECT BCG PHASE SELECT CAG PHASE SELECT 3P PHASE SELECT SLG PHASE SELECT MULTI-P PHASE SELECT VOID 0 RESET
Figure 911: PHASE SELECTOR LOGIC 9.5.3 COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS FOR PILOT-AIDED SCHEMES a) DESCRIPTION In the D60 relay pilot-aided schemes transmit a code representing the type of fault determined by the local phase selector according to the scheme logic. At a receiving terminal the local and remote data is combined to determine the action to be performed. Schemes can be used with channels that can carry one, two or four bits. Using a one-bit channel, the schemes at all terminals of the line use their local phase selectors to identify the fault type and initiate appropriate tripping actions. In
PHASE SELECTOR
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single pole operation applications however, a three-pole trip can be performed in the event of an in-line single-phase fault co-incident with a fault on a different phase (cross-country fault) that is within the reach of the local phase selector, which is considerably longer than the line. This possibility can be reduced by using a two-bit channel, and eliminated by using a four-bit channel. Using two-bit channels, the relays can share limited information about their local phase selection, improving considerably the accuracy of single-pole tripping on cross-country faults. Two-bit channels however can only provide four different messages, one of which must be no fault has been detected. With only three messages available it is not possible to transmit sufficient information to eliminate the use of local phase selector data, so a three-pole operation can occur in a cross-country fault condition. Using four-bit channels, the relays share enough information about fault types seen from all the line terminals that local fault selector data can be rejected. In addition, in multiple bit systems the relays do not respond to nonvalid bit combinations, making the protection system more immune to communication problems than in a single bit system. Each scheme within the relay has a setting that specifies the number of bits available on the associated communications channel. This setting defines the input (RX1, RX2, RX3, RX4) and output (TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4 for communications and [Scheme Abbreviation] TRIP A, TRIP B, TRIP C, TRIP 3P for action) operands used by the scheme, the data codes used to convey fault data between terminals, and the method of combining information from the local and remote terminals to produce an output. b) SINGLE BIT CHANNELS The TX1 and RX1 operands are used, and fault data is coded per the following tables. Table 911: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS
PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG, BC, BCG, BG, CA, CAG, CG, AB, ABG, 3P Unrecognized or AR FORCE 3P TRIP None of the above BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED TX1 1 1 0
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION Table 914: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 1-BIT CHANNELS
REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED RX1 1 REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE Any
LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AB, ABG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Unrecognized TRIP OUTPUT Trip Three Phases
The scheme initiates a three-phase trip if the phase selector fails to recognize the fault type or after the AR FORCE 3P TRIP operand is asserted. c) TWO-BIT CHANNELS The TX1, TX2, RX1 and RX2 operands are used and fault data is coded per the following tables. Table 917: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 2-BIT CHANNELS
PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG, BC, BCG BG, CA, CAG CG, AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED TX1 1 0 1 TX2 0 1 1
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The action output is generated per the following tables. Table 920: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 2-BIT CHANNELS
REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED RX1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 RX2 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG, BC, BCG BG, CA, CAG CG, AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized BG, CA, CAG CG, AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized AG, BC, BCG CG, AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized AG, BC, BCG BG, CA, CAG CG, AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized AG, BC, BCG BG, CA, CAG LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG, AB, ABG CA, CAG, 3P AG AG BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P BG BG CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG CG CG AB, ABG, 3P, Unrecognized BC, BCG, Unrecognized CA, CAG, Unrecognized Trip Three Phases Trip Phase C Trip Phase B TRIP OUTPUT Trip Phase A
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d) FOUR-BIT CHANNELS The TX1, TX2, TX3, TX4, RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4 operands are used. Table 923: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRANSMIT CODES FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS
PHASE SELECTOR DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG BG CG AB, ABG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Unrecognized BIT PATTERN TRANSMITTED TX1 1 0 0 0 TX2 0 1 0 0 TX3 0 0 1 0 TX4 0 0 0 1
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The action output is generated per the following tables. Table 926: PERMISSIVE SCHEME TRIP TABLE FOR 4-BIT CHANNELS
REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED RX1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 RX2 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 RX3 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 RX4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE MULTI-P BG CG AG BG AG CG MULTI-P CG AG BG MULTI-P AG BG CG MULTI-P LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG AG AG AG, AB, ABG, CA, CAG, 3P, Unrecognized BG, AB, ABG, BC, BCG, 3P, Unrecognized BG BG BG CG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Unrecognized CG CG CG BC, BCG CA, CAG AB, ABG Unrecognized Trip Three Phases Trip Phase C Trip Phase B TRIP OUTPUT
Trip Phase A
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1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
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DCUB TRIP A
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The echo feature can reduce the response time of an over-reaching scheme when a terminal is disconnected from the line. In this condition, a zone 2 element at the terminal that remains in-service can detect a fault, but cannot trip, as a permissive signal is not received from the remote terminal. This feature is provided in the permissive over-reaching transfer trip and hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip schemes. PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME: When used this feature will echo a reliable received permissive signal back to the originating terminal when a lineend-open condition is identified by the line pickup logic. The permissive echo is programmed as a one-shot logic. The echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for a settable period. The duration of the echo pulse does not depend on the duration or shape of the received Rx signals but is settable. The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates. HYBRID PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP PERMISSIVE ECHO: When used this feature will echo a reliable received permissive signal back to the originating terminal if the line-endopen condition is recognized by the line pickup scheme and the fault is not identified as a reverse fault by the zone 4 or the ground directional overcurrent function (if used). The permissive echo is programmed as a one-shot logic. The echo is sent only once and then the echo logic locks out for a settable period. The duration of the echo pulse does not depend on the duration or shape of the received RX signal but is settable as ECHO DURATION. The echo is sent back only if none of the overreaching protection elements operates. PERMISSIVE ECHO OPERANDS AND TRANSMIT CODES: In single-pole tripping, single-bit channel applications the signal received on bit no. 1 (Rx1) is echoed back on bit no. 1 (Tx1). In two- and four-bit applications the following echo tables apply. Table 929: ECHO TABLE FOR 2-BIT CHANNELS
LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG BG CG AB, ABG, BC, BCG, CA, CAG, 3P, Unrecognized ECHOED BITS TX1 1 0 1 TX2 0 1 1
NOTE
For the directional comparison unblocking scheme, the echo is performed in the same manner as the Hybrid POTT echo, but by applying additionally the following logic for both the Rx (received) and LOG (loss-of-guard) for each channel: ECHON= LOGN AND RXN.
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For local fault type identification the pilot schemes use the Phase Selector. The latter may fail to respond to certain fault scenarios. Examples are: simultaneous forward and reverse fault, simultaneous SLG and LL fault involving different phases (e.g. AG and BC) or two simultaneous faults in the same direction but at very different locations. The Phase Selector is optimized to either indicate correctly the forward fault or to assert the Void flag. For example, a combination of AG and BC is not a valid fault type - it is two different simultaneous faults and as such cannot be described by any single fault pattern, therefore, the Phase Selector would assert the Void flag. The VOID phase selection combined with a local trip request (such as high-set directional overcurrent) will result in threepole trip as per the Trip Output logic. The Pilot Schemes, however, try to recover more information from the distance elements. Each scheme uses a forward looking, either underreaching or overreaching, distance zone. A given Pilot Scheme analyzes this zone for fault type identification if the Phase Selector asserts its Void flag: the DUTT scheme uses Z1; all the other schemes use Z2. The schemes analyze all six fault loops of the zone to determine the fault type. For example, simultaneous forward AG and reverse BG faults may result in the Void indication. The POTT scheme would analyze the Z2 response. As only the AG element is picked up, the local phase selection is determined as AG. This is a correct indication. Depending on the number of bits used for communications, the accuracy of the overall response will be further improved as illustrated in the next subsection. This enhanced operation of the pilot-aided schemes is the reason to use a short pilot scheme priority time when setting the Trip Output logic. The timer will force the scheme to wait for a decision from the pilot scheme for a short period of time before accepting any local trip request. The advantage, however, materializes only if more than one-bit communications channels are used, and is important only on parallel lines or when the application requires maximum accuracy of singlepole tripping. In other cases, it is not recommended to delay the local trip decision.
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
Assume a single pole operation application where D60 relays are used to protect a two terminal line, (terminals T1 and T2) using phase and ground distance zone 1, 2 and 3 elements in a permissive over-reaching transfer trip scheme. The performance of the system with one- two and four-bit communications channels is outlined for a mid-line phase A-to-ground fault and a co-incident phase B-to-ground fault just behind terminal T2. Assume also that the reclosers are enabled and reset. At T1 the following protection elements will pickup: Ground Distance Zone 1, 2, and 3 for an AG fault Ground Distance Zone 2 and 3 for a BG fault Phase Distance Zone 2 and 3 for an AB fault
At T1 the phase selector will determine the fault is type ABG. This response is independent from the distance elements the Phase Selector sees two forward faults. At T2 the following protection elements will pickup: Ground Distance Zone 1, 2, and 3 for an AG fault
At T2 the phase selector will determine the fault is type AG. The reverse BG fault is likely to be ignored. If a one-bit channel is used, terminal T1 will trip three poles but terminal T2 will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below) which is undesirable.
TERMINAL RX1 T1 T2 1 1 REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE Any Any LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE MULTI-P (ABG) AG TRIP OUTPUT Trip Three Phases Trip Phase A
If a two-bit channel is used both terminals will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below) which is the desired outcome.
TERMINAL RX1 T1 T2 1 1 REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED RX2 0 1 REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG ABG LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE ABG AG TRIP OUTPUT Trip Phase A Trip Phase A
If a four-bit channel is used both terminals will trip phase A only, (see the Tables below) which is the desired outcome.
TERMINAL RX1 T1 T2 0 1 RX2 0 0 RX3 0 0 REMOTE DATA BIT PATTERN RECEIVED RX4 1 0 REMOTE DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE AG ABG LOCAL DATA LOCAL DETERMINATION OF FAULT TYPE ABG AG TRIP OUTPUT Trip Phase A Trip Phase A
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Fault type determination is required for calculation of fault location the algorithm uses the angle between the negative and positive sequence components of the relay currents. To improve accuracy and speed of operation, the fault components of the currents are used; that is, the pre-fault phasors are subtracted from the measured current phasors. In addition to the angle relationships, certain extra checks are performed on magnitudes of the negative and zero-sequence currents. The single-ended fault location method assumes that the fault components of the currents supplied from the local (A) and remote (B) systems are in phase. The figure below shows an equivalent system for fault location.
distance to fault Local bus Remote bus
ZA
IA
mZ
(1-m)Z
IB
ZB
EA
VA
VF
RF
VB
EB
842780A1.CDR
Figure 912: EQUIVALENT SYSTEM FOR FAULT LOCATION The following equations hold true for this equivalent system. VA = m Z IA + RF ( IA + IB ) where: m = sought pu distance to fault, Z = positive sequence impedance of the line.
(EQ 9.7)
The currents from the local and remote systems can be parted between their fault (F) and pre-fault load (pre) components: I A = I AF + I Apre and neglecting shunt parameters of the line: I B = I BF I Apre Inserting the IA and IB equations into the VA equation and solving for the fault resistance yields: VA m Z IA R F = ----------------------------------I BF I AF 1 + ------- I
AF
(EQ 9.8)
(EQ 9.9)
(EQ 9.10)
Assuming the fault components of the currents, IAF and IBF are in phase, and observing that the fault resistance, as impedance, does not have any imaginary part gives: VA m Z IA Im ----------------------------------- = 0 I AF
(EQ 9.11)
where: Im() represents the imaginary part of a complex number. Solving the above equation for the unknown m creates the following fault location algorithm: Im ( V A I AF ) m = --------------------------------------Im ( Z I A I AF ) where * denotes the complex conjugate and I AF = I A I Apre . Depending on the fault type, appropriate voltage and current signals are selected from the phase quantities before applying the two equations above (the superscripts denote phases, the subscripts denote stations). For AG faults: VA = VA ,
A
(EQ 9.12)
I A = I A + K 0 I 0A
(EQ 9.13)
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION For BG faults: VA = VA , For CG faults: VA = VA , For AB and ABG faults: VA = VA VA , For BC and BCG faults: VA = VA VA , For CA and CAG faults: VA = VA VA ,
C A B C A B C B
I A = I A + K 0 I 0A
(EQ 9.14)
I A = I A + K 0 I 0A
BC
(EQ 9.15)
IA = IA IA
(EQ 9.16)
IA = IA IA
(EQ 9.17)
IA = IA IA
(EQ 9.18)
where K0 is the zero sequence compensation factor (for the first six equations above) For ABC faults, all three AB, BC, and CA loops are analyzed and the final result is selected based upon consistency of the results The element calculates the distance to the fault (with m in miles or kilometers) and the phases involved in the fault. The relay allows locating faults from delta-connected VTs. If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting is set to None, and the VTs are connected in wye, the fault location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in delta, fault location is suspended. If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting value is V0 and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault location is performed based on the delta voltages and externally supplied neutral voltage: 1 V A = -- ( V N + V AB V CA ) 3 1 V B = -- ( V N + V BC V AB ) 3 1 V B = -- ( V N + V CA V BC ) 3
(EQ 9.19)
If the FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION setting value is I0 and the VTs are connected in a wye configuration, the fault location is performed based on the actual phase to ground voltages. If the VTs are connected in a delta configuration, fault location is performed based on the delta voltages and zero-sequence voltage approximated based on the zero-sequence current: 1 V A = -- ( V AB V CA ) Z SYS0 I 0 3 1 V B = -- ( V BC V AB ) Z SYS0 I 0 3 1 V B = -- ( V CA V BC ) Z SYS0 I 0 3
(EQ 9.20)
where ZSYS0 is the equivalent zero-sequence impedance behind the relay as entered under the fault report setting menu.
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9 THEORY OF OPERATION
SETTINGS FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 MAG: FAULT REPORT 1 Z1 ANGLE: FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 MAG: FAULT REPORT 1 Z0 ANGLE: FAULT REPORT 1 LENGTH UNITS: FAULT REPORT 1 LENGTH: SETTING FAULT REPORT TRIG: Off=0 SETTINGS FAULT REPORT SOURCE: SRC X 50DD OP 0 3 SEC DATE TIME FAULT LOCATOR 1 FAULT TYPE FAULT LOCATION FAULT# RECLOSE SHOT AND FAULT REPORT 1 VT SUBSTITUTION: FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 MAG: FAULT REP 1 SYSTEM Z0 ANGLE: RUN ACTUAL VALUES FAULT REPORT #
IA IB IC 3I_0
VA or VAB VB or VBC VC or VCA Vn or V_0 SHOT # FROM AUTO RECLOSURE
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This chapter provides general application guidelines for stepped distance, overcurrent and pilot protection. Where relevant, design details and performance characteristics of the D60 are given to facilitate the process of setting the relay for a given application. 10.1.2 IMPACT OF MEMORY POLARIZATION As explained in Chapter 8, the D60 uses a memorized positive sequence voltage as a polarizing signal in order to achieve dependable operation for forward faults and secure non-operation for reverse faults. The dynamic shift of the characteristic ensures improved directionality, but it also means that if a backup function is required for a reverse fault on the bus, then it is appropriate to reverse Zone 4 so that a time delayed backup function may be obtained. As mentioned earlier, it may be beneficial to also avoid extremely large reach settings by setting a remote backup so that it is reverse looking. This strategy can be beneficial if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination between the load and fault conditions. 10.1.3 HIGH-SET OVERCURRENT ELEMENTS Especially at low SIR values, fast fault clearance times may be seen as extremely important, both from system stability, and from equipment damage viewpoints. The high-set overcurrent element, when set appropriately, can be extremely useful in achieving these goals. It helps the setting calculations if the system impedances are reasonably well known. The overcurrent pick up should be set to the greater of the following values: 1. 2. The maximum infeed seen by the relay, for a close in reverse fault. The maximum fault level seen by the relay for a fault at 100% of the protected line.
The maximum error of the phase overcurrent elements is below 2%. A safety factor of 1.25 should be used to account for relay errors and system impedance uncertainty. If CT saturation is an issue such as close to a generation where long lasting dc components are likely to saturate the CTs, it should be noted that the instantaneous overcurrent elements require 1.33 cycle of data to operate for a multiple of pickup of 1.01. For higher multiples of pickup, the relation between the multiple of pickup and the amount of data required for operation before complete CT saturation is approximately linear. For example, for a multiple of pickup of 4, approximately 1.33 / 4 = 0.332 of power cycle is required by the phase instantaneous overcurrent element to operate. The above information should not be confused with the operating time, which includes some inherent delays such as a trip rated output contact.
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10.2 DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) 10.2DISTANCE ELEMENTS (STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME) a) PHASE CURRENT SUPERVISION AND FUSE FAILURE
The phase-to-phase (delta) current is used to supervise the phase distance elements, primarily to ensure that in a de-energized state the distance elements will not be picked up due to noise or induced voltages, on the line. However, this supervision feature may also be employed to prevent operation under fuse failure conditions. This obviously requires that the setting must be above maximum load current and less than the minimum fault conditions for which operation is expected. This potential problem may be avoided by the use of a separate fuse fail function, which means that the phase current supervision can be set much lower, typically two times the capacitance charging current of the line. The usage of the fuse fail function is also important during double-contingency events such as an external fault during fuse fail conditions. The current supervision alone would not prevent maloperation in such circumstances. It must be kept in mind that the fuse failure element provided on the D60 needs some time to detect fuse fail conditions. This may create a race between the instantaneous zone 1 and the fuse failure element. Therefore, for maximum security, it is recommended to both set the current supervision above the maximum load current and use the fuse failure function. The current supervision prevents maloperation immediately after the fuse fail condition giving some time for the fuse failure element to take over and block the distance elements permanently. This is of a secondary importance for time-delayed zones 2 and up as the fuse failure element has some extra time for guaranteed operation. The current supervision may be set below the maximum load current for the time delayed zones. Blocking distance elements during fuse fail conditions may not be acceptable in some applications and/or under some protection philosophies. Applied solutions may vary from not using the fuse failure element for blocking at all; through using it and modifying through FlexLogic and multiple setting groups mechanisms other protection functions or other relays to provide some protection after detecting fuse fail conditions and blocking the distance elements; to using it and accepting the fact that the distance protection will not respond to subsequent internal faults until the problem is addressed. To be fully operational, the Fuse Failure element must be enabled, and its output FlexLogic operand must be indicated as the blocking signal for the selected protection elements. For convenience, the current supervision threshold incorporates the b) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 1 As typically used for direct tripping, the zone 1 reach must be chosen so that it does not extend beyond the far end(s) of the protected line. Zone 1 provides nominally instantaneous protection for any phase fault within a pre-determined distance from the relay location. To ensure that no overreach occurs, typically requires a setting of 80 to 90% of the line length, which covers CT and VT errors, relay inaccuracy and transient overreach as well as uncertainty in the line impedance for each phase, although transposition may minimize this latter concern. The total relay inaccuracy including both steady state and transient overreach even when supplied from CVTs under the source impedance ratios of up to 30, is below 5%. c) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 2 Zone 2 is an overreaching element, which essentially covers the final 10 to 20% whole of the line length with a time delay. The additional function for the zone 2 is as a timed backup for faults on the remote bus. Typically the reach is set to 125% of the positive-sequence impedance of the line, to ensure operation, with an adequate margin, for a fault at 100% of the line length. The necessary time delay must ensure that coordination is achieved with the clearance of a close-in fault on the next line section, including the breaker operating time. The zone 2 time delay is typically set from 0.2 to 0.6 seconds, although this may have to be reviewed more carefully if a short line terminates on the remote bus, since the two zone 2 elements may overlap and therefore not coordinate in a satisfactory manner. d) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 3 If a remote backup philosophy is followed, then the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the remote bus, plus the impedance of the longest line which terminates on this remote bus. The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on any remote line. Circuit loading limitations created by a long zone reach may be overcome by using lens or quadrilateral characteristics and/or a load encroachment supervising characteristic. Consider3 factor.
NOTE
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
ation should also be given to a situation where the load impedance may enter into the relay characteristic for a time longer than the chosen time delay, which could occur transiently during a system power swing. For this reason the power swing blocking function should be used. e) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 4 A further contribution to remote backup, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the remote bus. The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens characteristic or the load encroachment element may be advantageous if load limits are a problem. To avoid extremely large reach settings, the D60 has the ability to implement any element so that it is reverse looking, which then can provide a back up for the longest line terminated on the local bus. This strategy can be beneficial if the reduced reach helps discrimination between the load and fault conditions, but must be implemented at both ends of the protected line. f) PHASE DISTANCE ZONE 5 An additional fifth phase distance zone can be used in special applications. This zone may be start zone for arming tripping from all other zones, in both forward and reverse directions of the of protected line. This zone may also be used as an additional reverse-looking zone for implementation of two reverse-looking zones, thus providing two zone backup reverse-looking protection. The fifth distance zone can be used as an alarm zone, indicating that load impedance is approaching the zone characteristic. 10.2.2 GROUND DISTANCE a) NEUTRAL CURRENT SUPERVISION The current supervision for the ground distance elements responds to an internally calculated neutral current (3 I_0). The setting for this element should be based on twice the zero-sequence line capacitance current or the maximum zerosequence unbalance under maximum load conditions. This element should not be used to prevent an output when the load impedance is inside the distance characteristic on a steady state basis. b) POLARIZING CURRENT AND NON-HOMOGENEITY CORRECTION ANGLE OF THE QUAD CHARACTERISTIC An ideal reactance line for single-line-to-ground faults is polarized from the fault current flowing through the fault resistance. Such a line defines constant reach and could be implemented by the following angle comparator: I Z V vs. j I F
(EQ 10.1)
The relay could only approximate the unknown fault current by the zero-sequence or the negative-sequence currents measured at the relaying point. Depending on system parameters, either the zero-sequence or the negative-sequence current presents better approximation of the fault current angle. Given the equivalent systems shown in the figure below, the angular difference between the zero-sequence or negativesequence currents at the relay, and the fault current can be calculated as follows: Z 0A + Z 0L + Z 0B IF 0 = angle --------------------- = angle ------------------------------------------ Z 0B + ( 1 d )Z 0L I 0_RELAY Z 1A + Z 1L + Z 1B IF 2 = angle --------------------- = angle ------------------------------------------ Z 1B + ( 1 d )Z 1L I 2_RELAY where: A is the local equivalent system B is the remote equivalent system L is the line d is the per-unit (pu) intended reach of the zone (typically 0.7 to 0.9).
(EQ 10.2)
(EQ 10.3)
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
IF
Z0A I0
dZ0L
(1 d)Z0L
Z0B
I0 I2
IF
Z1A I2
dZ1L
(1 d)Z1L
Z1B
DEPENDING ON SYSTEM PARAMETERS, I0 OR I2 MAYBE A BETTER APPROXIMATION OF THE FAULT CURRENT ANGLE
IF
842742A1.CDR
Figure 101: UNDERSTANDING SYSTEM HOMOGENEITY If abs ( 0 ) < abs ( 2 ) , the zero-sequence network is more homogenous (the zero-sequence current better approximates the fault current), and zero-sequence polarizing should be selected. Otherwise, negative-sequence is a better polarizing signal. The calculated angles reflect errors between the ideal and applied polarizing angles. Therefore, after selecting the polarizing current, the corresponding angle should be chosen as the non-homogeneity correction angle. For example, calculations yielding 0 = 5 and 2 = 1 should result in selecting the negative-sequence for polarization, and the value of 1 for non-homogeneity correction. Quite often the non-homogeneity correction angle is used to apply extra security rather than correct the angle between the relay and the fault currents. For extra security the angle should be set to negative values. Ability to select an optimum polarizing signal and to correct for non-homogeneity should be approached with care. The best polarizing signal and the correcting angle both depend on system parameters and intended reach of the zone. If the system configuration is static, the selection is straightforward. However, if the system configuration may change significantly, all the relevant system topologies shall be considered for calculations. Either a compromise choice is made, or different settings are applied via switchable setting groups depending on system conditions. In highly non-homogenous and dynamic systems where the correction for non-homogeneity is not feasible, conservative reach (reduced) and/or correction angle (negative) settings should be considered. c) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 1 The zone 1 reach must be set so that nominally instantaneous operation does not extend beyond the end of the protected line. However this may be somewhat more complicated than for the phase elements, because of zero sequence mutual induction with an adjacent parallel line, possibly carried on the same tower, which can be out of service and grounded at multiple points. A fault beyond 100% of the protected line may cause overreach unless the reach is reduced significantly, sometimes as low as 65% of the line length. If the line being protected does not have a significant interaction with an adjacent circuit, then the typical 80% setting may be used. If there is significant mutual coupling between the parallel lines, then the mutual compensation feature of the ground distance elements can be used instead of a drastic reduction in the reach. However, even in this case, there is more uncertainty as compared with the phase distance elements because the zerosequence impedance of the line and thus the zero-sequence-compensating factors may vary significantly due to weather and other conditions.
10
10-4 D60 Line Distance Protection System GE Multilin
To ensure that the zone 2 can see 100% of the line, inter-circuit mutual effects must be considered, as they can contribute to a significant under-reach. Typically this may occur on double circuit lines, when both lines may carry the same current. An analytical study should be carried out to determine the appropriate reach setting. The main purpose of this element is to operate for faults beyond the reach of the local zone 1 element, and therefore a time delay must be used similar to the phase fault case. e) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 3 This remote back up function must have a reach which is set to account for any infeed at the remote bus, plus the impedance of the longest line which terminates on this remote bus. Similar to the phase fault case, a zone 3 element must be time coordinated with timed clearances on the next section. f) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 4 As a further contribution to a remote backup philosophy, the reach of this element must be set to account for any infeed at the remote bus. The time delay must coordinate with other time-delayed protections on the next line. The use of a lens characteristic or load encroachment element may be advantageous if load limits are a problem. To avoid extremely large reach settings the D60 has the ability to implement any element, so that it is reverse looking. This strategy can be beneficial if the reduced reach enhances the discrimination between the load and fault conditions. It should be recognized however that, if adopted, this approach must be implemented at both ends of the protected line. g) GROUND DISTANCE ZONE 5 An additional fifth ground distance zone can be used in special applications. This zone may be start zone for arming tripping from all other zones, in both forward and reverse directions of the of protected line. This zone may also be used as an additional reverse-looking zone for implementation of two reverse-looking zones, thus providing two zone backup reverselooking protection. The fifth distance zone can be used as an alarm zone, indicating that load impedance is approaching the zone characteristic.
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10.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES 10.3PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES The D60 includes six common pilot-aided schemes: direct under-reaching transfer trip (DUTT) permissive under-reaching transfer trip (PUTT) permissive over-reaching transfer trip (POTT) hybrid permissive over-reaching transfer trip (Hybrid POTT) directional comparison blocking directional comparison unblocking
10.3.2 DIRECT UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (DUTT) This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal to the remote end(s), where on receipt, the DUTT pilot scheme operates without any additional supervision. For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 1 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The scheme generates an output operand (DUTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. Note that the same protection signaling may be used by a breaker failure scheme, in which case the signal can be sealed in by breaker fail for a time longer than the auto-reclose reclaim time which then prevents auto-reclose when not required. A provision for an optional seal-in of the send signal is made to cover those situations where PLC (Power Line Carrier) signaling is used and the signal must be transmitted in a potentially noisy situation due to the fault. The scheme output operand (DUTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. 10.3.3 PERMISSIVE UNDER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (PUTT) This scheme uses an under-reaching Zone 1 distance element to key a transfer trip signal to the remote end where it is supervised by the over-reaching Zone 2 distance elements. For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 1 and 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The scheme generates an output operand (PUTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. The PUTT RX PICKUP DELAY timer can be used to ride through spurious PLC receive signals. The scheme output operand (PUTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. 10.3.4 PERMISSIVE OVER-REACHING TRANSFER TRIP (POTT) This scheme is intended for two-terminal line applications only.
10
This scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at both the ends of the line.
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This provides increased coverage for high-resistance faults. Good directional integrity is the key requirement for an over-reaching forward-looking protection element used to supplement Zone 2. Even though any FlexLogic operand could be used for this purpose allowing the user to combine responses of various protection elements, or to apply extra conditions through FlexLogic equations, this extra signal is primarily meant to be the output operand from either the Negative-Sequence Directional IOC or Neutral Directional IOC. Both of these elements have separate forward (FWD) and reverse (REV) output operands. The forward indication should be used (NEG SEQ DIR OC1 FWD or NEUTRAL DIR OC1 FWD). An important consideration is when one of the line terminals is open. It is then necessary to identify this condition and arrange for a continuous sending of the permissive signal or use a slower but more secure echo feature to send a signal to the other terminal, which is producing the fault infeed. With any echo scheme however, a means must be provided to avoid a permanent lock up of the transmit/receive loop. The echo co-ordination (ECHO DURATION) and lock-out (ECHO LOCKOUT) timers perform this function by ensuring that the permissive signal is echoed once for a guaranteed duration of time before going to a lockout for a settable period of time. It should be recognized that in ring bus or breaker and a half situations, it may be the line disconnect or a combination of the disconnect and/or the breaker(s) status that is the indication that the terminal is open. The POTT RX PICKUP DELAY timer is included in the permissive receive path to ride through spurious receive outputs that may be produced during external faults, when power line carrier is utilized as the communications medium. No current reversal logic is included for the overreaching phase and ground distance elements, because long reaches are not usually required for two terminal lines. A situation can occur however, where the ground distance element will have an extended reach. This situation is encountered when it is desired to account for the zero sequence inter-circuit mutual coupling. This is not a problem for the ground distance elements in the D60 which do have a current reversal logic built into their design as part of the technique used to improve ground fault directionality. Unlike the distance protection elements the ground directional overcurrent functions do not have their reach well defined, therefore the current reversal logic is incorporated for the extra signal supplementing Zone 2 in the scheme. The transient blocking approach for this POTT scheme is to recognize that a permissive signal has been received and then allow a settable time TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY for the local forward looking directional element to pick up. The scheme generates an output operand (POTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. Power Line Carrier (PLC) channels are not recommended for this scheme since the PLC signal can be interrupted by a fault. For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The Line Pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-endopen/weak-infeed conditions. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accordingly The output operand from the scheme (POTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. 10.3.5 HYBRID POTT SCHEME (HYB-POTT) Generally, this scheme uses an over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to essentially compare the direction to a fault at both ends of the line. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element to key the scheme and initiate its operation. This increases the coverage for high-resistance faults. The scheme is intended for three-terminal applications and for weak-infeed conditions. As a long reach of the overreaching distance element may be required for three-terminal applications, transient blocking logic is provided for both distance and ground directional overcurrent elements. In order to cope with weak-infeed conditions an echo feature is made available. By default the scheme uses the reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Additionally, reverselooking ground directional overcurrent functions can be used in conjunction with Zone 4.
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. The Line Pickup element should be enabled, configured and set properly to detect line-end-open/weak-infeed and undervoltage conditions. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured, and set accordingly. The scheme generates an output operand (HYBRID POTT TX) that is used to transmit the signal to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. For more application recommendation refer to the POTT scheme. The output operand from the scheme (HYBRID POTT OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application. 10.3.6 DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING Generally, the scheme compares the direction to a fault at both ends of the line. Unlike the permissive schemes, the absence of a blocking signal permits operation of the scheme. Consequently, the scheme is biased toward dependability and requires an on/off type of signaling. By default this scheme uses only a forward-looking over-reaching Zone 2 distance element to identify forward faults. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 2 distance element to increase the coverage for high-resistance faults. By default the scheme uses only a reverse-looking Zone 4 distance element to identify reverse faults. Ground directional overcurrent functions available in the relay can be used in conjunction with the Zone 4 distance element for better time and sensitivity coordination. For proper operation of the scheme the Zone 2 and 4 phase and ground distance elements must be enabled, configured and set per rules of distance relaying. If used by this scheme, the selected ground directional overcurrent function(s) must be enabled, configured and set accordingly. The scheme generates output operands (BLOCKING SCHEME TX INIT and BLOCKING SCHEME TX STOP) that are used control the transmission of signals to the remote end. Choices of communications channel include Remote Inputs/ Outputs and telecommunications interfaces. When used with telecommunications facilities the output operand should be assigned to operate an output contact connected to key the transmitter at the interface. A blocking scheme may be preferred over a Hybrid POTT scheme, because of shorter reach settings for the Zone 2 elements. This follows from the fundamental difference that all zone 2 elements are required to see an internal fault for the POTT approach, under all system conditions, which in turn, means that the reversed Zone 4 block initiate elements must also have an increased reach. A blocking scheme on the other hand, can have much shorter Zone 2 reach settings if sequential clearance can be accepted. The simple rule to ensure that all faults can be cleared, is for each terminal to have a reach setting equal to the distance to the tap plus twice the distance from the tap to the remote terminal. The Zone 2 element must have a coordinating timer BLOCK RX CO-ORD PKP DELAY, to ensure that the blocking signal is received for all external faults that are within the set reach of the local overreaching Zone 2. Transient blocking logic is implemented via the TRANS BLOCK timer, which continues to send a blocking signal for a settable time TRANS BLOCK RESET DELAY, if it was being sent for at least 30 ms during the initial reverse fault set via TRANS BLOCK PICKUP DELAY. The output operand from the scheme (BLOCKING SCHEME OP) must be configured to interface with other relay functions, output contacts in particular, in order to make the scheme fully operational. Typically, the output operand should be programmed to initiate a trip, breaker fail, and auto-reclose, and drive a user-programmable LED as per user application.
10
10-8 D60 Line Distance Protection System GE Multilin
10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
a) OVERVIEW The directional comparison unblocking scheme is used with a frequency shift keying (FSK) PLC that produces a loss-ofguard output during an actual loss-of-guard signal condition and during reception of the permissive keyed frequency when the received carrier signal changed from guard to permissive frequency. The loss-of-guard signal should preferably be a normally-closed contact, allowing the scheme to get this signal if the communications equipment failed. This loss-of-guard output should be connected to a contact input of the D60. The power line carrier should also provide an output contact when the permissive frequency is received. This output should be wired to any other contact input of the D60. The directional comparison unblocking scheme allows a window of opportunity for tripping the breaker fast if the permissive signal gets attenuated by the fault to a level below the receiver's threshold. The guard signal is monitored, and the relay is allowed to trip for a loss of guard without receipt of the permissive signal, if the relay sees the fault in the forward, and not reverse direction by means of the forward looking distance zone 2 and ground directional forward, if configured, and reverse looking distance zone 4 and ground directional reverse, if configured. The scheme is active and ready for operation when the DCUB BLOCK setting is Off the DCUB SCHEME FUNCTION setting is Enabled. The user can disable or block the scheme by assigning any FlexLogic operand to the DCUB BLOCK setting. This operand can consist of any pre-defined logic, including a pilot cutout switch connected to any contact input of the D60. With this pilot cutout switch and the pre-defined logic state on and assigned to DCUB BLOCK, the scheme will be disabled. The directional comparison unblocking scheme supervises the operation and keying of all scheme functions. The lockout feature of the scheme also supervises all scheme functions. All timers are fully adjustable, with typical values indicated. Lockout of the directional comparison unblocking scheme is established as follows. Lockout of the scheme is started for a time duration set by DCUB LOG TRIP WINDOW setting if: The scheme is enabled and not blocked (that is, the scheme is active), and no permissive RX signal is received, and any loss-of-guard signal is received.
Lockout is sealed-in through an AND gate with the directional comparison unblocking scheme active and any loss-of-guard through GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY timer. The scheme will thus remain blocked during longer loss-of-guard or channel conditions for any of the configured channels. The GUARD HEALTHY RESET DELAY timer ensures that the scheme will remain locked out slightly longer after the loss-of-guard signal(s) is reset. This allows for all channel(s) stabilizing and contact denouncing. This timer determines how long the logic waits before enabling the directional comparison unblocking scheme when the communications channel is restored. Operating of the directional comparison unblocking scheme consists of two parts: normal operation and loss-of-guard operation. b) NORMAL OPERATION Normal operation picks up under the following conditions: The scheme is enabled (DCUB FUNCTION is Enabled and DCUB BLOCK is Off), and any permissive signal is received with its associated loss-of-guard signal (e.g. DCUB RX1 and DCUB LOG1), and a fault is seen in the forward zone 2 distance elements or ground directional forward function (if configured), and the reverse zone 4 distance elements or ground directional reverse function (if configured) did not pickup to set the transient blocking, and the scheme is not locked out.
If these conditions are met, the trip table is run, operating the scheme and asserting DCUB OP FlexLogic operand. The trip table with the aid of the local phase selector and received RX signals will determine what tripping operands will be operated. During normal operation, the loss-of-guard signal will be seen momentarily before the permissive DCUB RX signal is received for each channel being operated, as the channel transitions from guard to permissive frequency, but the scheme operates instantaneously after any DCUB RX signal is received.
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10.3 PROTECTION SIGNALING SCHEMES c) LOSS-OF-GUARD OPERATION The loss-of-guard operation picks under the following conditions:
10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
The scheme is enabled (DCUB FUNCTION is Enabled and DCUB BLOCK is Off), and any loss-of-guard signal is received without its associated RX signal, and a fault is seen in the forward zone 2 distance elements or ground directional forward function (if configured), and the reverse zone 4 distance elements or ground directional reverse function (if configured) did not pickup to set the transient blocking.
If these conditions are met, then the DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY timer is started. After this timer times out, the trip table is run, operating the scheme and asserting the DCUB OP FlexLogic operand. The trip table with the aid of the local phase selector and loss-of-guard signals will determine what tripping operands will be operated. The DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY timer allows for any and all channel(s) to transition from guard to permissive before operating due to loss-of-guard in the presence of a forward fault. The time window of allowing the scheme to operate when no DCUB RX signal is received when any loss-of-guard was received is the difference between the DCUB LOG TRIP WINDOW and DCUB LOG PICKUP DELAY timers. When using default settings, this value is 150 8 = 142ms. This means the scheme is unblocked and can trip during this time window if a forward fault is sensed. d) KEYING OF THE CARRIER(S) UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS The keying signals, which allows the relay to key the permissive channel during normal permissive scheme operation by means of the DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 signals, are established as follows: The scheme is enabled (DCUB FUNCTION is Enabled and DCUB BLOCK is Off), and a fault is seen in the forward zone 2 distance elements or ground directional forward function (if configured), and the reverse zone 4 distance elements or ground directional reverse function (if configured) did not pickup to set the transient blocking.
If these conditions are met, then the scheme will key the channel(s) by means of asserting transmit signals DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 with the aid of the local phase selector or zone 2 distance elements. e) KEYING OF THE CARRIER DURING ECHO CONDITIONS The echo signal, which allows the relay to key the permissive channel(s) through the DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 transmit operands during echo conditions when the local breaker opened, will key the carrier(s) during the following conditions: The scheme is enabled (DCUB FUNCTION is Enabled and DCUB BLOCK is Off), and the DCUB PERMISSIVE ECHO setting is Enabled, and the LINE PICKUP LEO PKP operand that detects the local breaker to be open picks up for a time set by LINE END OPEN PICKUP DELAY, and any permissive signal DCUB RX1 through DCUB RX4 is received and any LOG1 to LOG4 is received, and a fault is not seen in the forward zone 2 distance elements or ground directional forward function (if configured) for at least 100 ms, and the reverse zone 4 distance elements or ground directional reverse function (if configured) did not pickup to set the transient blocking.
If these conditions are met, then the scheme will echo (transmit the DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 operands) the received permissive DCUB RX signal(s) back to the remote relay based on the echo table. The keying or transmit signals DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 consist of all normal keying or echo keying conditions. The scheme DCUB TRIP A, DCUB TRIB B, DCUB TRIP C, and DCUB TRIP 3P output operands are hard-wired to the trip output scheme. As such, if the trip output or breaker control operands (if the breaker control function is used) are used for tripping, the scheme fully operational. The permissive key carrier signals DCUB TX1 through DCUB TX4 must still be assigned to the tripping/operating logic, and to output contacts as per the usual D60 logic/output assignments.
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10-10 D60 Line Distance Protection System GE Multilin
For reasons described in Chapter 8: Theory of Operation, it is recommended to apply a combination of distance, ground directional overcurrent and high-set overcurrent functions for protection of series compensated lines. The setting rules described below must take into account variety of system configurations, particularly a status of series capacitors (in-service, by-passed). Either the worst-case topology shall be considered or - if possible - adaptive settings shall be applied though the multiple settings groups mechanism. A line compensating capacitor is a bank of three physical capacitors and their overvoltage protecting devices (air gaps and/ or MOVs). If none of the MOV/gaps conducts any significant current, the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence reactance of the three-phase bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. Under asymmetrical conditions, however, such as a single line to ground fault, when only one MOV/gap may operate, the series capacitor bank would create extra (series) asymmetry in addition to the fault (shunt) asymmetry. The positive-, negative- and zero-sequence impedances will differ from each other and will not equal the impedance of the phase capacitors. Moreover, there may be mutual coupling between the sequence networks representing the series capacitor bank. This makes analytical analysis of fault conditions very burdensome. For setting calculations, however, it is justified to assume the zero-, positive-, and negative-sequence reactance of the capacitor bank equal the reactance of the actual (phase) capacitors. This represents a worst-case low-current fault scenario, when the steady-state effects of series compensation are most weighty. 10.4.2 DISTANCE Traditionally, the reach setting of an underreaching distance function shall be set based on the net inductive impedance between the potential source of the relay and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. Faults behind series capacitors on the protected and adjacent lines need to be considered for this purpose. For further illustration a sample system shown in the figure below is considered.
voltage protection level INFINITE BUS
reactance
10
F2
A B Protected Line
B A
F1
Figure 102: SAMPLE SERIES COMPENSATED SYSTEM Assuming 20% security margin, the underreaching zone shall be set as follows. At the Sending Bus, one must consider an external fault at F1 as the 5 capacitor would contribute to the overreaching effect. Any fault behind F1 is less severe as extra inductive line impedance increases the apparent impedance: Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 3 5) = 1.6 if the line-side (B) VTs are used Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 4 3 5) = 1.6 if the bus-side (A) VTs are used The negative value means that an underreaching zone cannot be used as the circuit between the potential source of the relay and an external fault for which the relay must not pick-up, is overcompensated, i.e. capacitive. At the Receiving Bus, one must consider a fault at F2: Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 4 2) = 3.2 if the line-side (B) VTs are used Reach Setting: 0.8 x (10 4 3 2) = 0.8 if the bus-side (A) VTs are used Practically, however, to cope with the effect of sub-synchronous oscillations, one may need to reduce the reach even more. As the characteristics of sub-synchronous oscillations are in complex relations with fault and system parameters, no solid setting recommendations are given with respect to extra security margin for sub-synchronous oscillations. It is strongly recommended to use a power system simulator to verify the reach settings or to use an adaptive D60 feature for dynamic reach control. If the adaptive reach control feature is used, the PHS DIST Z1 VOLT LEVEL setting shall be set accordingly.
INFINITE BUS
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
This setting is a sum of the overvoltage protection levels for all the series capacitors located between the relay potential source and the far-end busbar, or location for which the zone must not overreach. The setting is entered in pu of the phase VT nominal voltage (RMS, not peak value). If a minimum fault current level (phase current) is causing a voltage drop across a given capacitor that prompts its air gap to flash over or its MOV to carry practically all the current, then the series capacitor shall be excluded from the calculations (the capacitor is immediately by-passed by its overvoltage protection system and does not cause any overreach problems). If a minimum fault current does not guarantee an immediate capacitor by-pass, then the capacitor must be included in the calculation: its overvoltage protection level, either air gap flash-over voltage or MOV knee-point voltage, shall be used (RMS, not peak value). Assuming none of the series capacitors in the sample system is guaranteed to get by-passed, the following calculations apply: For the Sending Bus: For the Receiving Bus: 0.5 + 0.7 = 1.2 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used 0.6 + 0.5 + 0.7 = 1.8 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used 0.6 + 0.5 = 1.1 pu if the line-side (B) VTs are used 0.6 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 1.6 pu if the bus-side (A) VTs are used 10.4.3 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT Ground directional overcurrent function (negative-sequence or neutral) uses an offset impedance to guarantee correct fault direction discrimination. The following setting rules apply. 1. 2. If the net impedance between the potential source and the local equivalent system is inductive, then there is no need for an offset. Otherwise, the offset impedance shall be at least the net capacitive reactance. The offset cannot be higher than the net inductive reactance between the potential source and the remote equivalent system. For simplicity and extra security, the far-end busbar may be used rather than the remote equivalent system.
As the ground directional functions are meant to provide maximum fault resistance coverage, it is justified to assume that the fault current is very low and none of the series capacitors is guaranteed to get by-passed. Consider settings of the negative-sequence directional overcurrent protection element for the Sample Series Compensated System. For the Sending Bus relay, bus-side VTs: Net inductive reactance from the relay into the local system = 2 + 3 = 1 > 0; there is no need for offset. Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 4 + 10 3 = 3 ; the offset cannot be higher than 3 . It is recommended to use 1.5 offset impedance. Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = 2 + 3 4 = 3 < 0; an offset impedance 3 must be used. Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 3 = 7 ; the offset cannot be higher than 7 . It is recommended to use 5 offset impedance. Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = 5 + 7 = 2 > 0; there is no need for offset. Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 3 + 10 4 = 3 ; the offset cannot be higher than 3 . It is recommended to use 1.5 offset impedance. Net inductive reactance from relay into local system = 3 5 + 7 = 1 < 0; an offset impedance 1 must be used. Net inductive reactance from relay through far-end busbar = 10 4 = 6 ; the offset cannot be higher than 6 . It is recommended to use 3.5 offset impedance. 10.4.4 HIGH-SET PHASE OVERCURRENT The setting rules for high-set overcurrent protection are explained in the High-Set Overcurrent Elements section.
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10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
10.5 PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS 10.5.1 PHASE DISTANCE PROTECTION
Phase distance elements of the D60 could be set to respond to faults beyond any three-phase power transformer. The relay guarantees accurate reach and targeting for any phase fault. Moreover, the current and voltage transformers may be located independently on different sides of the transformer. The following setting rules apply to this feature: 1. 2. 3. A given distance zone is terminated by location of the VTs, not the CTs. Consequently, the positive-sequence impedance of a transformer must be included in the reach setting only if the transformer is located between the potential source and the intended reach point. The current signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the CTs and the intended reach point. If this is the case the CT connection setting shall be set to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the CTs toward the reach point. Otherwise, the CT connection setting shall be set to "None". The voltage signals require compensation if the transformer is located between the VTs and the intended reach point. If this is the case the VT connection setting shall be set to transformer connection and vector group as seen from the VTs toward the reach point. Otherwise, the VT connection setting shall be set to "None". The reach setting is entered in secondary ohms and as such must take into account location and ratios of VTs and CTs as well as voltage ratio of the involved power transformer.
4.
5.
The following equations explain the setting rules. Consider two applications as shown in the figure below:
(a) ZH ZT ZX
(b) ZH ZT ZX
Z4
Z1
Z4
Z1
Figure 103: PHASE DISTANCE LOOKING THROUGH A POWER TRANSFORMER where: ZX = intended reach impedance for Zone 1 (primary ohms) ZH = intended reach impedance for Zone 4 (primary ohms) ZT = positive-sequence impedance of the transformer VX, VH = transformer rated voltages nCT = transformation ratio of the CTs nVT = transformation ratio of the VTs Z1: Z1 reach setting (secondary ohms) Z4: Zone 4 reach setting (secondary ohms)
b) ZONE 1 SETTING IN APPLICATION (A) As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 1, the reach impedance must include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. In addition, the primary impedance must be re-calculated for the voltage level of the VTs and CTs, and eventually, re-calculated to secondary quantities: V H 2 n CT Z 1 = ( Z T ( at X ) + Z x ) ------ -------- V X n VT
(EQ 10.4)
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10.5 PHASE DISTANCE THROUGH POWER TRANSFORMERS c) ZONE 4 SETTING IN APPLICATION (A)
10 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS
As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 4, the reach impedance must not include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. Because both VTs and CTs are located on the same side as the intended reach point, no correction for the transformer ratio is required. The primary impedance must be only re-calculated to secondary quantities: n CT Z 4 = Z H --------n VT d) ZONE 1 SETTING IN APPLICATION (B) As the transformer is not located between the potential source and the reach point for Z1, the reach impedance must not include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The CTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus transformer ratio must be included: VH n CT Z 1 = Z X ------ -------- V X n VT e) ZONE 4 SETTING IN APPLICATION (B) As the transformer is located between the potential source and the reach point for Zone 4, the reach impedance must include the positive-sequence impedance of the transformer. The VTs are located on the other side of the transformer, thus transformer ratio must be included: VX n CT Z 4 = ( Z T ( at H ) + Z H ) ------ -------- V H n VT
(EQ 10.7) (EQ 10.6) (EQ 10.5)
10.5.2 EXAMPLE Given the following for the system shown in the previous section: ZX = 30 85 (intended reach of Zone 1) ZH = 0.06 88 (intended reach of Zone 4) nCT = 8000:5 = 1600 (located at H) nVT = 315000:120 = 2625 (located at X) Transformer: 13.8/315 kV, 150 MVA, 10%, delta/wye, 315 kV side lagging 30 Transformer impedance: 10- ( 13.8 ) Z T ( at H ) = --------- ------------------ = 0.127 90 150 100 The Zone 1 settings are: 13.8 1600 Z 1 = 30 ---------- ------------ = 0.8011 85 315 2625
PHS DIST Z1 REACH: "0.80" PHS DIST Z1 RCA: "85" PHS DIST Z1 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "None" PHS DIST Z1 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "Dy1"
2
(EQ 10.8)
(EQ 10.9)
The Zone 4 settings are: 315- 1600 Z 4 = ( 0.127 90 + 0.006 88 ) ---------- ------------ = 2.601 89.4 13.8 2625
PHS DIST Z4 REACH: "2.60" PHS DIST Z4 RCA: "89" PHS DIST Z4 XMFR VOL CONNECTION: "Yd11" PHS DIST Z4 XMFR CUR CONNECTION: "None"
(EQ 10.10)
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APPENDIX A
A
Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 1 of 10)
ADDRESS 6144 6146 6148 6150 6152 6154 6155 6157 6158 6160 6161 6163 6164 6166 6168 6169 6171 6172 6174 6175 6177 6178 6180 6208 6210 6212 6214 6216 6218 6219 6221 6222 6224 6225 6227 6228 6230 6232 6233 6235 6236 6238 6239 6241 6242 FLEXANALOG NAME SRC 1 Ia RMS SRC 1 Ib RMS SRC 1 Ic RMS SRC 1 In RMS SRC 1 Ia Mag SRC 1 Ia Angle SRC 1 Ib Mag SRC 1 Ib Angle SRC 1 Ic Mag SRC 1 Ic Angle SRC 1 In Mag SRC 1 In Angle SRC 1 Ig RMS SRC 1 Ig Mag SRC 1 Ig Angle SRC 1 I_0 Mag SRC 1 I_0 Angle SRC 1 I_1 Mag SRC 1 I_1 Angle SRC 1 I_2 Mag SRC 1 I_2 Angle SRC 1 Igd Mag SRC 1 Igd Angle SRC 2 Ia RMS SRC 2 Ib RMS SRC 2 Ic RMS SRC 2 In RMS SRC 2 Ia Mag SRC 2 Ia Angle SRC 2 Ib Mag SRC 2 Ib Angle SRC 2 Ic Mag SRC 2 Ic Angle SRC 2 In Mag SRC 2 In Angle SRC 2 Ig RMS SRC 2 Ig Mag SRC 2 Ig Angle SRC 2 I_0 Mag SRC 2 I_0 Angle SRC 2 I_1 Mag SRC 2 I_1 Angle SRC 2 I_2 Mag SRC 2 I_2 Angle SRC 2 Igd Mag UNITS Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees DESCRIPTION Source 1 phase A current RMS Source 1 phase B current RMS Source 1 phase C current RMS Source 1 neutral current RMS Source 1 phase A current magnitude Source 1 phase A current angle Source 1 phase B current magnitude Source 1 phase B current angle Source 1 phase C current magnitude Source 1 phase C current angle Source 1 neutral current magnitude Source 1 neutral current angle Source 1 ground current RMS Source 1 ground current magnitude Source 1 ground current angle Source 1 zero-sequence current magnitude Source 1 zero-sequence current angle Source 1 positive-sequence current magnitude Source 1 positive-sequence current angle Source 1 negative-sequence current magnitude Source 1 negative-sequence current angle Source 1 differential ground current magnitude Source 1 differential ground current angle Source 2 phase A current RMS Source 2 phase B current RMS Source 2 phase C current RMS Source 2 neutral current RMS Source 2 phase A current magnitude Source 2 phase A current angle Source 2 phase B current magnitude Source 2 phase B current angle Source 2 phase C current magnitude Source 2 phase C current angle Source 2 neutral current magnitude Source 2 neutral current angle Source 2 ground current RMS Source 2 ground current magnitude Source 2 ground current angle Source 2 zero-sequence current magnitude Source 2 zero-sequence current angle Source 2 positive-sequence current magnitude Source 2 positive-sequence current angle Source 2 negative-sequence current magnitude Source 2 negative-sequence current angle Source 2 differential ground current magnitude
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A.1 PARAMETER LISTS Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 2 of 10)
APPENDIX A
ADDRESS 6244 6272 6274 6276 6278 6280 6282 6283 6285 6286 6288 6289 6291 6292 6294 6296 6297 6299 6300 6302 6303 6305 6306 6308 6336 6338 6340 6342 6344 6346 6347 6349 6350 6352 6353 6355 6356 6358 6360 6361 6363 6364 6366 6367 6369 6370 6372
FLEXANALOG NAME SRC 2 Igd Angle SRC 3 Ia RMS SRC 3 Ib RMS SRC 3 Ic RMS SRC 3 In RMS SRC 3 Ia Mag SRC 3 Ia Angle SRC 3 Ib Mag SRC 3 Ib Angle SRC 3 Ic Mag SRC 3 Ic Angle SRC 3 In Mag SRC 3 In Angle SRC 3 Ig RMS SRC 3 Ig Mag SRC 3 Ig Angle SRC 3 I_0 Mag SRC 3 I_0 Angle SRC 3 I_1 Mag SRC 3 I_1 Angle SRC 3 I_2 Mag SRC 3 I_2 Angle SRC 3 Igd Mag SRC 3 Igd Angle SRC 4 Ia RMS SRC 4 Ib RMS SRC 4 Ic RMS SRC 4 In RMS SRC 4 Ia Mag SRC 4 Ia Angle SRC 4 Ib Mag SRC 4 Ib Angle SRC 4 Ic Mag SRC 4 Ic Angle SRC 4 In Mag SRC 4 In Angle SRC 4 Ig RMS SRC 4 Ig Mag SRC 4 Ig Angle SRC 4 I_0 Mag SRC 4 I_0 Angle SRC 4 I_1 Mag SRC 4 I_1 Angle SRC 4 I_2 Mag SRC 4 I_2 Angle SRC 4 Igd Mag SRC 4 Igd Angle
UNITS Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps
DESCRIPTION Source 2 differential ground current angle Source 3 phase A current RMS Source 3 phase B current RMS Source 3 phase C current RMS Source 3 neutral current RMS Source 3 phase A current magnitude Source 3 phase A current angle Source 3 phase B current magnitude Source 3 phase B current angle Source 3 phase C current magnitude Source 3 phase C current angle Source 3 neutral current magnitude Source 3 neutral current angle Source 3 ground current RMS Source 3 ground current magnitude Source 3 ground current angle Source 3 zero-sequence current magnitude Source 3 zero-sequence current angle Source 3 positive-sequence current magnitude Source 3 positive-sequence current angle Source 3 negative-sequence current magnitude Source 3 negative-sequence current angle Source 3 differential ground current magnitude Source 3 differential ground current angle Source 4 phase A current RMS Source 4 phase B current RMS Source 4 phase C current RMS Source 4 neutral current RMS Source 4 phase A current magnitude Source 4 phase A current angle Source 4 phase B current magnitude Source 4 phase B current angle Source 4 phase C current magnitude Source 4 phase C current angle Source 4 neutral current magnitude Source 4 neutral current angle Source 4 ground current RMS Source 4 ground current magnitude Source 4 ground current angle Source 4 zero-sequence current magnitude Source 4 zero-sequence current angle Source 4 positive-sequence current magnitude Source 4 positive-sequence current angle Source 4 negative-sequence current magnitude Source 4 negative-sequence current angle Source 4 differential ground current magnitude Source 4 differential ground current angle
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Source 1 positive-sequence voltage magnitude Source 1 positive-sequence voltage angle Source 1 negative-sequence voltage magnitude Source 1 negative-sequence voltage angle Source 2 phase AG voltage RMS Source 2 phase BG voltage RMS Source 2 phase CG voltage RMS Source 2 phase AG voltage magnitude Source 2 phase AG voltage angle Source 2 phase BG voltage magnitude Source 2 phase BG voltage angle Source 2 phase CG voltage magnitude Source 2 phase CG voltage angle Source 2 phase AB voltage RMS Source 2 phase BC voltage RMS Source 2 phase CA voltage RMS Source 2 phase AB voltage magnitude Source 2 phase AB voltage angle Source 2 phase BC voltage magnitude Source 2 phase BC voltage angle Source 2 phase CA voltage magnitude Source 2 phase CA voltage angle Source 2 auxiliary voltage RMS Source 2 auxiliary voltage magnitude
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A.1 PARAMETER LISTS Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 4 of 10)
APPENDIX A
ADDRESS 6754 6755 6757 6758 6760 6761 6763 6784 6786 6788 6790 6792 6793 6795 6796 6798 6799 6801 6803 6805 6807 6808 6810 6811 6813 6814 6816 6818 6819 6821 6822 6824 6825 6827 6848 6850 6852 6854 6856 6857 6859 6860 6862 6863 6865 6867 6869
FLEXANALOG NAME SRC 2 Vx Angle SRC 2 V_0 Mag SRC 2 V_0 Angle SRC 2 V_1 Mag SRC 2 V_1 Angle SRC 2 V_2 Mag SRC 2 V_2 Angle SRC 3 Vag RMS SRC 3 Vbg RMS SRC 3 Vcg RMS SRC 3 Vag Mag SRC 3 Vag Angle SRC 3 Vbg Mag SRC 3 Vbg Angle SRC 3 Vcg Mag SRC 3 Vcg Angle SRC 3 Vab RMS SRC 3 Vbc RMS SRC 3 Vca RMS SRC 3 Vab Mag SRC 3 Vab Angle SRC 3 Vbc Mag SRC 3 Vbc Angle SRC 3 Vca Mag SRC 3 Vca Angle SRC 3 Vx RMS SRC 3 Vx Mag SRC 3 Vx Angle SRC 3 V_0 Mag SRC 3 V_0 Angle SRC 3 V_1 Mag SRC 3 V_1 Angle SRC 3 V_2 Mag SRC 3 V_2 Angle SRC 4 Vag RMS SRC 4 Vbg RMS SRC 4 Vcg RMS SRC 4 Vag Mag SRC 4 Vag Angle SRC 4 Vbg Mag SRC 4 Vbg Angle SRC 4 Vcg Mag SRC 4 Vcg Angle SRC 4 Vab RMS SRC 4 Vbc RMS SRC 4 Vca RMS SRC 4 Vab Mag
UNITS Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Volts Volts Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Volts Volts Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Volts Volts Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Volts Volts Volts
DESCRIPTION Source 2 auxiliary voltage angle Source 2 zero-sequence voltage magnitude Source 2 zero-sequence voltage angle Source 2 positive-sequence voltage magnitude Source 2 positive-sequence voltage angle Source 2 negative-sequence voltage magnitude Source 2 negative-sequence voltage angle Source 3 phase AG voltage RMS Source 3 phase BG voltage RMS Source 3 phase CG voltage RMS Source 3 phase AG voltage magnitude Source 3 phase AG voltage angle Source 3 phase BG voltage magnitude Source 3 phase BG voltage angle Source 3 phase CG voltage magnitude Source 3 phase CG voltage angle Source 3 phase AB voltage RMS Source 3 phase BC voltage RMS Source 3 phase CA voltage RMS Source 3 phase AB voltage magnitude Source 3 phase AB voltage angle Source 3 phase BC voltage magnitude Source 3 phase BC voltage angle Source 3 phase CA voltage magnitude Source 3 phase CA voltage angle Source 3 auxiliary voltage RMS Source 3 auxiliary voltage magnitude Source 3 auxiliary voltage angle Source 3 zero-sequence voltage magnitude Source 3 zero-sequence voltage angle Source 3 positive-sequence voltage magnitude Source 3 positive-sequence voltage angle Source 3 negative-sequence voltage magnitude Source 3 negative-sequence voltage angle Source 4 phase AG voltage RMS Source 4 phase BG voltage RMS Source 4 phase CG voltage RMS Source 4 phase AG voltage magnitude Source 4 phase AG voltage angle Source 4 phase BG voltage magnitude Source 4 phase BG voltage angle Source 4 phase CG voltage magnitude Source 4 phase CG voltage angle Source 4 phase AB voltage RMS Source 4 phase BC voltage RMS Source 4 phase CA voltage RMS Source 4 phase AB voltage magnitude
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Source 4 positive-sequence voltage magnitude Source 4 positive-sequence voltage angle Source 4 negative-sequence voltage magnitude Source 4 negative-sequence voltage angle Source 1 three-phase real power Source 1 phase A real power Source 1 phase B real power Source 1 phase C real power Source 1 three-phase reactive power Source 1 phase A reactive power Source 1 phase B reactive power Source 1 phase C reactive power Source 1 three-phase apparent power Source 1 phase A apparent power Source 1 phase B apparent power Source 1 phase C apparent power Source 1 three-phase power factor Source 1 phase A power factor Source 1 phase B power factor Source 1 phase C power factor Source 2 three-phase real power Source 2 phase A real power Source 2 phase B real power Source 2 phase C real power Source 2 three-phase reactive power Source 2 phase A reactive power Source 2 phase B reactive power Source 2 phase C reactive power Source 2 three-phase apparent power Source 2 phase A apparent power Source 2 phase B apparent power Source 2 phase C apparent power Source 2 three-phase power factor Source 2 phase A power factor Source 2 phase B power factor Source 2 phase C power factor Source 3 three-phase real power
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A.1 PARAMETER LISTS Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 6 of 10)
APPENDIX A
ADDRESS 7234 7236 7238 7240 7242 7244 7246 7248 7250 7252 7254 7256 7257 7258 7259 7264 7266 7268 7270 7272 7274 7276 7278 7280 7282 7284 7286 7288 7289 7290 7291 7552 7553 7554 7555 9024 9026 9027 9029 9030 9032 9033 9035 9036 9038 9039 9041
FLEXANALOG NAME SRC 3 Pa SRC 3 Pb SRC 3 Pc SRC 3 Q SRC 3 Qa SRC 3 Qb SRC 3 Qc SRC 3 S SRC 3 Sa SRC 3 Sb SRC 3 Sc SRC 3 PF SRC 3 Phase A PF SRC 3 Phase B PF SRC 3 Phase C PF SRC 4 P SRC 4 Pa SRC 4 Pb SRC 4 Pc SRC 4 Q SRC 4 Qa SRC 4 Qb SRC 4 Qc SRC 4 S SRC 4 Sa SRC 4 Sb SRC 4 Sc SRC 4 PF SRC 4 Phase A PF SRC 4 Phase B PF SRC 4 Phase C PF SRC 1 Frequency SRC 2 Frequency SRC 3 Frequency SRC 4 Frequency Prefault Ia Mag [0] Prefault Ia Ang [0] Prefault Ib Mag [0] Prefault Ib Ang [0] Prefault Ic Mag [0] Prefault Ic Ang [0] Prefault Va Mag [0] Prefault Va Ang [0] Prefault Vb Mag [0] Prefault Vb Ang [0] Prefault Vc Mag [0] Prefault Vc Ang [0]
UNITS Watts Watts Watts Vars Vars Vars Vars VA VA VA VA --------Watts Watts Watts Watts Vars Vars Vars Vars VA VA VA VA --------Hz Hz Hz Hz Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Amps Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees Volts Degrees
DESCRIPTION Source 3 phase A real power Source 3 phase B real power Source 3 phase C real power Source 3 three-phase reactive power Source 3 phase A reactive power Source 3 phase B reactive power Source 3 phase C reactive power Source 3 three-phase apparent power Source 3 phase A apparent power Source 3 phase B apparent power Source 3 phase C apparent power Source 3 three-phase power factor Source 3 phase A power factor Source 3 phase B power factor Source 3 phase C power factor Source 4 three-phase real power Source 4 phase A real power Source 4 phase B real power Source 4 phase C real power Source 4 three-phase reactive power Source 4 phase A reactive power Source 4 phase B reactive power Source 4 phase C reactive power Source 4 three-phase apparent power Source 4 phase A apparent power Source 4 phase B apparent power Source 4 phase C apparent power Source 4 three-phase power factor Source 4 phase A power factor Source 4 phase B power factor Source 4 phase C power factor Source 1 frequency Source 2 frequency Source 3 frequency Source 4 frequency Fault 1 pre-fault phase A current magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase A current angle Fault 1 pre-fault phase B current magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase B current angle Fault 1 pre-fault phase C current magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase C current angle Fault 1 pre-fault phase A voltage magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase A voltage angle Fault 1 pre-fault phase B voltage magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase B voltage angle Fault 1 pre-fault phase C voltage magnitude Fault 1 pre-fault phase C voltage angle
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Fault 1 post-fault phase A current magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase A current angle Fault 1 post-fault phase B current magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase B current angle Fault 1 post-fault phase C current magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase C current angle Fault 1 post-fault phase A voltage magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase A voltage angle Fault 1 post-fault phase B voltage magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase B voltage angle Fault 1 post-fault phase C voltage magnitude Fault 1 post-fault phase C voltage angle Fault 1 type Fault 1 location Synchrocheck 1 delta voltage Synchrocheck 1 delta frequency Synchrocheck 1 delta phase Synchrocheck 2 delta voltage Synchrocheck 2 delta frequency Synchrocheck 2 delta phase Phasor measurement unit 1 phase A voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase A voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 phase C voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase C voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 auxiliary voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 auxiliary voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 positive-sequence voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 positive-sequence voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 negative-sequence voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 negative-sequence voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 zero-sequence voltage magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 zero-sequence voltage angle Phasor measurement unit 1 phase A current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase A current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase B current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 phase C current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 phase C current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 ground current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 ground current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 positive-sequence current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 positive-sequence current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 negative-sequence current magnitude Phasor measurement unit 1 negative-sequence current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 zero-sequence current magnitude
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A.1 PARAMETER LISTS Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 8 of 10)
APPENDIX A
ADDRESS 9577 9578 9580 9581 13504 13506 13508 13510 13512 13514 13516 13518 13520 13522 13524 13526 13528 13530 13532 13534 13536 13538 13540 13542 13544 13546 13548 13550 13552 13553 13554 13555 13556 13557 13558 13559 13560 13561 13562 13563 13564 13565 13566 13567 13568 13569 13570
FLEXANALOG NAME PMU 1 I0 Angle PMU 1 Freq PMU 1 df dt PMU 1 Conf Ch DCMA Inputs 1 Value DCMA Inputs 2 Value DCMA Inputs 3 Value DCMA Inputs 4 Value DCMA Inputs 5 Value DCMA Inputs 6 Value DCMA Inputs 7 Value DCMA Inputs 8 Value DCMA Inputs 9 Value DCMA Inputs 10 Value DCMA Inputs 11 Value DCMA Inputs 12 Value DCMA Inputs 13 Value DCMA Inputs 14 Value DCMA Inputs 15 Value DCMA Inputs 16 Value DCMA Inputs 17 Value DCMA Inputs 18 Value DCMA Inputs 19 Value DCMA Inputs 20 Value DCMA Inputs 21 Value DCMA Inputs 22 Value DCMA Inputs 23 Value DCMA Inputs 24 Value RTD Inputs 1 Value RTD Inputs 2 Value RTD Inputs 3 Value RTD Inputs 4 Value RTD Inputs 5 Value RTD Inputs 6 Value RTD Inputs 7 Value RTD Inputs 8 Value RTD Inputs 9 Value RTD Inputs 10 Value RTD Inputs 11 Value RTD Inputs 12 Value RTD Inputs 13 Value RTD Inputs 14 Value RTD Inputs 15 Value RTD Inputs 16 Value RTD Inputs 17 Value RTD Inputs 18 Value RTD Inputs 19 Value
DESCRIPTION Phasor measurement unit 1 zero-sequence current angle Phasor measurement unit 1 frequency Phasor measurement unit 1 rate of change of frequency Phasor measurement unit 1 configuration change counter dcmA input 1 actual value dcmA input 2 actual value dcmA input 3 actual value dcmA input 4 actual value dcmA input 5 actual value dcmA input 6 actual value dcmA input 7 actual value dcmA input 8 actual value dcmA input 9 actual value dcmA input 10 actual value dcmA input 11 actual value dcmA input 12 actual value dcmA input 13 actual value dcmA input 14 actual value dcmA input 15 actual value dcmA input 16 actual value dcmA input 17 actual value dcmA input 18 actual value dcmA input 19 actual value dcmA input 20 actual value dcmA input 21 actual value dcmA input 22 actual value dcmA input 23 actual value dcmA input 24 actual value RTD input 1 actual value RTD input 2 actual value RTD input 3 actual value RTD input 4 actual value RTD input 5 actual value RTD input 6 actual value RTD input 7 actual value RTD input 8 actual value RTD input 9 actual value RTD input 10 actual value RTD input 11 actual value RTD input 12 actual value RTD input 13 actual value RTD input 14 actual value RTD input 15 actual value RTD input 16 actual value RTD input 17 actual value RTD input 18 actual value RTD input 19 actual value
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A.1 PARAMETER LISTS Table A1: FLEXANALOG DATA ITEMS (Sheet 10 of 10)
APPENDIX A
ADDRESS 45600 45602 45604 45606 45608 45610 45612 45614 61449
FLEXANALOG NAME GOOSE Analog In 9 GOOSE Analog In 10 GOOSE Analog In 11 GOOSE Analog In 12 GOOSE Analog In 13 GOOSE Analog In 14 GOOSE Analog In 15 GOOSE Analog In 16 PMU Num Triggers
UNITS -------------------
DESCRIPTION IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 9 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 10 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 11 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 12 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 13 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 14 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 15 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 16 Phasor measurement unit recording number of triggers
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The UR-series relays support a number of communications protocols to allow connection to equipment such as personal computers, RTUs, SCADA masters, and programmable logic controllers. The Modicon Modbus RTU protocol is the most basic protocol supported by the UR. Modbus is available via RS232 or RS485 serial links or via ethernet (using the Modbus/TCP specification). The following description is intended primarily for users who wish to develop their own master communication drivers and applies to the serial Modbus RTU protocol. Note that: The UR always acts as a slave device, meaning that it never initiates communications; it only listens and responds to requests issued by a master computer. For Modbus, a subset of the Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) protocol format is supported that allows extensive monitoring, programming, and control functions using read and write register commands. B.1.2 PHYSICAL LAYER The Modbus RTU protocol is hardware-independent so that the physical layer can be any of a variety of standard hardware configurations including RS232 and RS485. The relay includes a faceplate (front panel) RS232 port and two rear terminal communications ports that may be configured as RS485, fiber optic, 10Base-T, or 10Base-F. Data flow is half-duplex in all configurations. See chapter 3 for details on communications wiring. Each data byte is transmitted in an asynchronous format consisting of 1 start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and possibly 1 parity bit. This produces a 10 or 11 bit data frame. This can be important for transmission through modems at high bit rates (11 bit data frames are not supported by many modems at baud rates greater than 300). The baud rate and parity are independently programmable for each communications port. Baud rates of 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600, 38400, 57600, or 115200 bps are available. Even, odd, and no parity are available. Refer to the Communications section of chapter 5 for further details. The master device in any system must know the address of the slave device with which it is to communicate. The relay will not act on a request from a master if the address in the request does not match the relays slave address (unless the address is the broadcast address see below). A single setting selects the slave address used for all ports, with the exception that for the faceplate port, the relay will accept any address when the Modbus RTU protocol is used. B.1.3 DATA LINK LAYER Communications takes place in packets which are groups of asynchronously framed byte data. The master transmits a packet to the slave and the slave responds with a packet. The end of a packet is marked by dead-time on the communications line. The following describes general format for both transmit and receive packets. For exact details on packet formatting, refer to subsequent sections describing each function code. Table B1: MODBUS PACKET FORMAT
DESCRIPTION SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA CRC DEAD TIME SIZE 1 byte 1 byte N bytes 2 bytes 3.5 bytes transmission time
SLAVE ADDRESS: This is the address of the slave device that is intended to receive the packet sent by the master and to perform the desired action. Each slave device on a communications bus must have a unique address to prevent bus contention. All of the relays ports have the same address which is programmable from 1 to 254; see chapter 5 for details. Only the addressed slave will respond to a packet that starts with its address. Note that the faceplate port is an exception to this rule; it will act on a message containing any slave address. A master transmit packet with slave address 0 indicates a broadcast command. All slaves on the communication link take action based on the packet, but none respond to the master. Broadcast mode is only recognized when associated with function code 05h. For any other function code, a packet with broadcast mode slave address 0 will be ignored.
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APPENDIX B
FUNCTION CODE: This is one of the supported functions codes of the unit which tells the slave what action to perform. See the Supported Function Codes section for complete details. An exception response from the slave is indicated by setting the high order bit of the function code in the response packet. See the Exception Responses section for further details. DATA: This will be a variable number of bytes depending on the function code. This may include actual values, settings, or addresses sent by the master to the slave or by the slave to the master. CRC: This is a two byte error checking code. The RTU version of Modbus includes a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC-16) with every packet which is an industry standard method used for error detection. If a Modbus slave device receives a packet in which an error is indicated by the CRC, the slave device will not act upon or respond to the packet thus preventing any erroneous operations. See the CRC-16 Algorithm section for details on calculating the CRC. DEAD TIME: A packet is terminated when no data is received for a period of 3.5 byte transmission times (about 15 ms at 2400 bps, 2 ms at 19200 bps, and 300 s at 115200 bps). Consequently, the transmitting device must not allow gaps between bytes longer than this interval. Once the dead time has expired without a new byte transmission, all slaves start listening for a new packet from the master except for the addressed slave. B.1.4 CRC-16 ALGORITHM
The CRC-16 algorithm essentially treats the entire data stream (data bits only; start, stop and parity ignored) as one continuous binary number. This number is first shifted left 16 bits and then divided by a characteristic polynomial (11000000000000101B). The 16-bit remainder of the division is appended to the end of the packet, MSByte first. The resulting packet including CRC, when divided by the same polynomial at the receiver will give a zero remainder if no transmission errors have occurred. This algorithm requires the characteristic polynomial to be reverse bit ordered. The most significant bit of the characteristic polynomial is dropped, since it does not affect the value of the remainder. A C programming language implementation of the CRC algorithm will be provided upon request. Table B2: CRC-16 ALGORITHM
SYMBOLS: --> A Alow Ahigh CRC i,j (+) N Di G shr (x) ALGORITHM: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. data transfer 16 bit working register low order byte of A high order byte of A 16 bit CRC-16 result loop counters logical EXCLUSIVE-OR operator total number of data bytes i-th data byte (i = 0 to N-1) 16 bit characteristic polynomial = 1010000000000001 (binary) with MSbit dropped and bit order reversed right shift operator (th LSbit of x is shifted into a carry flag, a '0' is shifted into the MSbit of x, all other bits are shifted right one location) FFFF (hex) --> A 0 --> i 0 --> j Di (+) Alow --> Alow j + 1 --> j shr (A) Is there a carry? Is j = 8? i + 1 --> i Is i = N? A --> CRC No: go to 3; Yes: continue No: go to 8; Yes: G (+) A --> A and continue. No: go to 5; Yes: continue
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Modbus officially defines function codes from 1 to 127 though only a small subset is generally needed. The relay supports some of these functions, as summarized in the following table. Subsequent sections describe each function code in detail.
FUNCTION CODE HEX 03 04 05 06 10 DEC 3 4 5 6 16 Read holding registers Read holding registers Force single coil Preset single register Preset multiple registers Read actual values or settings Read actual values or settings Execute operation Store single setting Store multiple settings MODBUS DEFINITION GE MULTILIN DEFINITION
B.2.2 READ ACTUAL VALUES OR SETTINGS (FUNCTION CODE 03/04H) This function code allows the master to read one or more consecutive data registers (actual values or settings) from a relay. Data registers are always 16-bit (two-byte) values transmitted with high order byte first. The maximum number of registers that can be read in a single packet is 125. See the Modbus memory map table for exact details on the data registers. Since some PLC implementations of Modbus only support one of function codes 03h and 04h. The D60 interpretation allows either function code to be used for reading one or more consecutive data registers. The data starting address will determine the type of data being read. Function codes 03h and 04h are therefore identical. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device requesting three register values starting at address 4050h from slave device 11h (17 decimal); the slave device responds with the values 40, 300, and 0 from registers 4050h, 4051h, and 4052h, respectively. Table B3: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA STARTING ADDRESS - high DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low NUMBER OF REGISTERS - high NUMBER OF REGISTERS - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 04 40 50 00 03 A7 4A SLAVE RESPONSE PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE BYTE COUNT DATA #1 - high DATA #1 - low DATA #2 - high DATA #2 - low DATA #3 - high DATA #3 - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 04 06 00 28 01 2C 00 00 0D 60
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This function code allows the master to perform various operations in the relay. Available operations are shown in the Summary of operation codes table below. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device requesting the slave device 11h (17 decimal) to perform a reset. The high and low code value bytes always have the values FF and 00 respectively and are a remnant of the original Modbus definition of this function code. Table B4: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE OPERATION CODE - high OPERATION CODE - low CODE VALUE - high CODE VALUE - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 05 00 01 FF 00 DF 6A SLAVE RESPONSE PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE OPERATION CODE - high OPERATION CODE - low CODE VALUE - high CODE VALUE - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 05 00 01 FF 00 DF 6A
B.2.4 STORE SINGLE SETTING (FUNCTION CODE 06H) This function code allows the master to modify the contents of a single setting register in an relay. Setting registers are always 16 bit (two byte) values transmitted high order byte first. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device storing the value 200 at memory map address 4051h to slave device 11h (17 dec). Table B6: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA STARTING ADDRESS - high DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA - high DATA - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 06 40 51 00 C8 CE DD SLAVE RESPONSE PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA STARTING ADDRESS - high DATA STARTING ADDRESS - low DATA - high DATA - low CRC - low CRC - high EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 06 40 51 00 C8 CE DD
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APPENDIX B
B.2 MODBUS FUNCTION CODES B.2.5 STORE MULTIPLE SETTINGS (FUNCTION CODE 10H)
This function code allows the master to modify the contents of a one or more consecutive setting registers in a relay. Setting registers are 16-bit (two byte) values transmitted high order byte first. The maximum number of setting registers that can be stored in a single packet is 60. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device storing the value 200 at memory map address 4051h, and the value 1 at memory map address 4052h to slave device 11h (17 decimal). Table B7: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo NUMBER OF SETTINGS - hi NUMBER OF SETTINGS - lo BYTE COUNT DATA #1 - high order byte DATA #1 - low order byte DATA #2 - high order byte DATA #2 - low order byte CRC - low order byte CRC - high order byte EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 10 40 51 00 02 04 00 C8 00 01 12 62 SLAVE RESPONSE PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE DATA STARTING ADDRESS - hi DATA STARTING ADDRESS - lo NUMBER OF SETTINGS - hi NUMBER OF SETTINGS - lo CRC - lo CRC - hi EXMAPLE (HEX) 11 10 40 51 00 02 07 64
B.2.6 EXCEPTION RESPONSES Programming or operation errors usually happen because of illegal data in a packet. These errors result in an exception response from the slave. The slave detecting one of these errors sends a response packet to the master with the high order bit of the function code set to 1. The following table shows the format of the master and slave packets. The example shows a master device sending the unsupported function code 39h to slave device 11. Table B8: MASTER AND SLAVE DEVICE PACKET TRANSMISSION EXAMPLE
MASTER TRANSMISSION PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE CRC - low order byte CRC - high order byte EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 39 CD F2 SLAVE RESPONSE PACKET FORMAT SLAVE ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE ERROR CODE CRC - low order byte CRC - high order byte EXAMPLE (HEX) 11 B9 01 93 95
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The UR relay has a generic file transfer facility, meaning that you use the same method to obtain all of the different types of files from the unit. The Modbus registers that implement file transfer are found in the "Modbus File Transfer (Read/Write)" and "Modbus File Transfer (Read Only)" modules, starting at address 3100 in the Modbus Memory Map. To read a file from the UR relay, use the following steps: 1. Write the filename to the "Name of file to read" register using a write multiple registers command. If the name is shorter than 80 characters, you may write only enough registers to include all the text of the filename. Filenames are not case sensitive. Repeatedly read all the registers in "Modbus File Transfer (Read Only)" using a read multiple registers command. It is not necessary to read the entire data block, since the UR relay will remember which was the last register you read. The "position" register is initially zero and thereafter indicates how many bytes (2 times the number of registers) you have read so far. The "size of..." register indicates the number of bytes of data remaining to read, to a maximum of 244. Keep reading until the "size of..." register is smaller than the number of bytes you are transferring. This condition indicates end of file. Discard any bytes you have read beyond the indicated block size. If you need to re-try a block, read only the "size of.." and "block of data", without reading the position. The file pointer is only incremented when you read the position register, so the same data block will be returned as was read in the previous operation. On the next read, check to see if the position is where you expect it to be, and discard the previous block if it is not (this condition would indicate that the UR relay did not process your original read request).
2.
3. 4.
The UR relay retains connection-specific file transfer information, so files may be read simultaneously on multiple Modbus connections. b) OTHER PROTOCOLS All the files available via Modbus may also be retrieved using the standard file transfer mechanisms in other protocols (for example, TFTP or MMS). c) COMTRADE, OSCILLOGRAPHY, AND DATA LOGGER FILES Oscillography and data logger files are formatted using the COMTRADE file format per IEEE PC37.111 Draft 7c (02 September 1997). The files may be obtained in either text or binary COMTRADE format. d) READING OSCILLOGRAPHY FILES Familiarity with the oscillography feature is required to understand the following description. Refer to the Oscillography section in Chapter 5 for additional details. The Oscillography Number of Triggers register is incremented by one every time a new oscillography file is triggered (captured) and cleared to zero when oscillography data is cleared. When a new trigger occurs, the associated oscillography file is assigned a file identifier number equal to the incremented value of this register; the newest file number is equal to the Oscillography_Number_of_Triggers register. This register can be used to determine if any new data has been captured by periodically reading it to see if the value has changed; if the number has increased then new data is available. The Oscillography Number of Records register specifies the maximum number of files (and the number of cycles of data per file) that can be stored in memory of the relay. The Oscillography Available Records register specifies the actual number of files that are stored and still available to be read out of the relay. Writing Yes (i.e. the value 1) to the Oscillography Clear Data register clears oscillography data files, clears both the Oscillography Number of Triggers and Oscillography Available Records registers to zero, and sets the Oscillography Last Cleared Date to the present date and time. To read binary COMTRADE oscillography files, read the following filenames: OSCnnnn.CFG and OSCnnn.DAT Replace nnn with the desired oscillography trigger number. For ASCII format, use the following file names OSCAnnnn.CFG and OSCAnnn.DAT
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Familiarity with the data logger feature is required to understand this description. Refer to the Data Logger section of Chapter 5 for details. To read the entire data logger in binary COMTRADE format, read the following files. datalog.cfg and datalog.dat To read the entire data logger in ASCII COMTRADE format, read the following files. dataloga.cfg and dataloga.dat To limit the range of records to be returned in the COMTRADE files, append the following to the filename before writing it: To read from a specific time to the end of the log: <space> startTime To read a specific range of records: <space> startTime <space> endTime Replace <startTime> and <endTime> with Julian dates (seconds since Jan. 1 1970) as numeric text.
f) READING EVENT RECORDER FILES To read the entire event recorder contents in ASCII format (the only available format), use the following filename: EVT.TXT To read from a specific record to the end of the log, use the following filename: EVTnnn.TXT (replace nnn with the desired starting record number) To read from a specific record to another specific record, use the following filename: EVT.TXT xxxxx yyyyy (replace xxxxx with the starting record number and yyyyy with the ending record number) g) READING FAULT REPORT FILES Fault report data has been available via the D60 file retrieval mechanism since UR firmware version 2.00. The file name is faultReport#####.htm. The ##### refers to the fault report record number. The fault report number is a counter that indicates how many fault reports have ever occurred. The counter rolls over at a value of 65535. Only the last ten fault reports are available for retrieval; a request for a non-existent fault report file will yield a null file. The current value fault report counter is available in Number of Fault Reports Modbus register at location 0x3020. For example, if 14 fault reports have occurred then the files faultReport5.htm, faultReport6.htm, up to faultReport14.htm are available to be read. The expected use of this feature has an external master periodically polling the Number of Fault Reports' register. If the value changes, then the master reads all the new files. The contents of the file is in standard HTML notation and can be viewed via any commercial browser. B.3.2 MODBUS PASSWORD OPERATION The D60 supports password entry from a local or remote connection. Local access is defined as any access to settings or commands via the faceplate interface. This includes both keypad entry and the faceplate RS232 connection. Remote access is defined as any access to settings or commands via any rear communications port. This includes both Ethernet and RS485 connections. Any changes to the local or remote passwords enables this functionality. When entering a settings or command password via EnerVista or any serial interface, the user must enter the corresponding connection password. If the connection is to the back of the D60, the remote password must be used. If the connection is to the RS232 port of the faceplate, the local password must be used. The command password is set up at memory location 4000. Storing a value of 0 removes command password protection. When reading the password setting, the encrypted value (zero if no password is set) is returned. Command security is required to change the command password. Similarly, the setting password is set up at memory location 4002. These are the same settings and encrypted values found in the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP PASSWORD SECURITY menu via the keypad. Enabling password security for the faceplate display will also enable it for Modbus, and vice-versa. To gain command level security access, the command password must be entered at memory location 4008. To gain setting level security access, the setting password must be entered at memory location 400A. The entered setting password must match the current setting password setting, or must be zero, to change settings or download firmware.
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B-7
APPENDIX B
Command and setting passwords each have a 30 minute timer. Each timer starts when you enter the particular password, and is re-started whenever you use it. For example, writing a setting re-starts the setting password timer and writing a command register or forcing a coil re-starts the command password timer. The value read at memory location 4010 can be used to confirm whether a command password is enabled or disabled (a value of 0 represents disabled). The value read at memory location 4011 can be used to confirm whether a setting password is enabled or disabled. Command or setting password security access is restricted to the particular port or particular TCP/IP connection on which the entry was made. Passwords must be entered when accessing the relay through other ports or connections, and the passwords must be re-entered after disconnecting and re-connecting on TCP/IP.
B-8
GE Multilin
Virtual Input Commands (Read/Write Command) (64 modules) 0400 0401 0402 0403 0404 0405 0406 0407 0408 0409 040A 040B 040C 040D 040E 040F 0410 0411 0412 0413 0414 0415 0416 0417 0418 0419 041A 041B Virtual Input 1 State Virtual Input 2 State Virtual Input 3 State Virtual Input 4 State Virtual Input 5 State Virtual Input 6 State Virtual Input 7 State Virtual Input 8 State Virtual Input 9 State Virtual Input 10 State Virtual Input 11 State Virtual Input 12 State Virtual Input 13 State Virtual Input 14 State Virtual Input 15 State Virtual Input 16 State Virtual Input 17 State Virtual Input 18 State Virtual Input 19 State Virtual Input 20 State Virtual Input 21 State Virtual Input 22 State Virtual Input 23 State Virtual Input 24 State Virtual Input 25 State Virtual Input 26 State Virtual Input 27 State Virtual Input 28 State 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 --------------------------------------------------------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108
GE Multilin
B-9
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 2 of 60)
ADDR 041C 041D 041E 041F 0420 0421 0422 0423 0424 0425 0426 0427 0428 0429 042A 042B 042C 042D 042E 042F 0430 0431 0432 0433 0434 0435 0436 0437 0438 0439 043A 043B 043C 043D 043E 043F 0800 0802 0804 0806 0808 0810 0818 0820 0828 0830 0838 0900 1000 REGISTER NAME Virtual Input 29 State Virtual Input 30 State Virtual Input 31 State Virtual Input 32 State Virtual Input 33 State Virtual Input 34 State Virtual Input 35 State Virtual Input 36 State Virtual Input 37 State Virtual Input 38 State Virtual Input 39 State Virtual Input 40 State Virtual Input 41 State Virtual Input 42 State Virtual Input 43 State Virtual Input 44 State Virtual Input 45 State Virtual Input 46 State Virtual Input 47 State Virtual Input 48 State Virtual Input 49 State Virtual Input 50 State Virtual Input 51 State Virtual Input 52 State Virtual Input 53 State Virtual Input 54 State Virtual Input 55 State Virtual Input 56 State Virtual Input 57 State Virtual Input 58 State Virtual Input 59 State Virtual Input 60 State Virtual Input 61 State Virtual Input 62 State Virtual Input 63 State Virtual Input 64 State Digital Counter 1 Value Digital Counter 1 Frozen Digital Counter 1 Frozen Time Stamp Digital Counter 1 Frozen Time Stamp us ...Repeated for Digital Counter 2 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 3 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 4 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 5 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 6 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 7 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 8 FlexState Bits (16 items) Element Operate States (64 items) 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 ----1 1 F001 F502 RANGE 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 -2147483647 to 2147483647 -2147483647 to 2147483647 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 UNITS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F108 F004 F004 F050 F003
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 0 0 0
B-10
GE Multilin
FORMAT F200 F001 F001 F001 F001 F200 F500 F500 F500 F500 F500 F500 F500 F500 F500 F126 F605 F605 F605 F605 F605 F500 F001 F001 F001 F001 F500 F001 F001 F001 F134 F134 F001 F050 F050 F001 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F002 F060
DEFAULT (none) 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (No) 3 (Bad) 3 (Bad) 3 (Bad) 3 (Bad) 3 (Bad) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
User Displays Actuals (Read Only) Modbus User Map Actuals (Read Only) Element Targets (Read Only)
Element Targets (Read/Write) Element Targets (Read Only) Digital Input/Output States (Read Only)
GE Multilin
B-11
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 4 of 60)
ADDR 180D 180E 1810 1811 1813 1814 1816 1818 1819 181B 181C 181E 181F 1821 1822 1824 1825 1840 1880 18C0 1900 1940 1A00 1A02 1A04 1A06 1A08 1A09 1A0B 1A0C 1A0E 1A0F 1A11 1A13 1A15 1A17 1A18 1A1A 1A1B 1A1D 1A1E 1A20 1A22 1A23 1A25 1A26 1A28 1A29 1A2B 1A2C 1A40 1A80 1AC0 REGISTER NAME Source 1 Phase B Current Angle Source 1 Phase C Current Magnitude Source 1 Phase C Current Angle Source 1 Neutral Current Magnitude Source 1 Neutral Current Angle Source 1 Ground Current RMS Source 1 Ground Current Magnitude Source 1 Ground Current Angle Source 1 Zero Sequence Current Magnitude Source 1 Zero Sequence Current Angle Source 1 Positive Sequence Current Magnitude Source 1 Positive Sequence Current Angle Source 1 Negative Sequence Current Magnitude Source 1 Negative Sequence Current Angle Source 1 Differential Ground Current Magnitude Source 1 Differential Ground Current Angle Reserved (27 items) ...Repeated for Source 2 ...Repeated for Source 3 ...Repeated for Source 4 ...Repeated for Source 5 ...Repeated for Source 6 Source 1 Phase AG Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase BG Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase CG Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase AG Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase AG Voltage Angle Source 1 Phase BG Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase BG Voltage Angle Source 1 Phase CG Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase CG Voltage Angle Source 1 Phase AB or AC Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase BC or BA Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase CA or CB Voltage RMS Source 1 Phase AB or AC Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase AB or AC Voltage Angle Source 1 Phase BC or BA Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase BC or BA Voltage Angle Source 1 Phase CA or CB Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Phase CA or CB Voltage Angle Source 1 Auxiliary Voltage RMS Source 1 Auxiliary Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Auxiliary Voltage Angle Source 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Zero Sequence Voltage Angle Source 1 Positive Sequence Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Positive Sequence Voltage Angle Source 1 Negative Sequence Voltage Magnitude Source 1 Negative Sequence Voltage Angle Reserved (20 items) ...Repeated for Source 2 ...Repeated for Source 3 ...Repeated for Source 4 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 --0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 0 to 999999.999 0 to 999999.999 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 V V V V degrees V degrees V degrees V V V V degrees V degrees V degrees V V degrees V degrees V degrees V degrees --0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 --0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 F060 F060 F060 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F060 F060 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F001 RANGE -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 --UNITS degrees A degrees A degrees A A degrees A degrees A degrees A degrees A degrees --STEP 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 --FORMAT F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F001
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B-12
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Source Power (Read Only) (6 modules) F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F060 F013 F013 F013 F013 F001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Source Energy (Read Only Non-Volatile) (6 modules) F060 F060 F060 F060 F001 0 0 0 0 0
Energy Commands (Read/Write Command) F126 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 0 (No) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Source Frequency (Read Only) (6 modules)
GE Multilin
B-13
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 6 of 60)
ADDR 21A6 21A7 21A8 21A9 21AA 21AB 21AC 21AD 21AF 21B0 21B1 21B2 21B3 21B4 21B5 21B6 21B7 21BB 21E0 21E2 21E4 21E6 21E7 21E8 21E9 21EA 2224 2225 2230 2340 2342 2343 2345 2346 2348 2349 234B 234C 234E 234F 2351 2352 2354 2355 2357 2358 235A 235B 235D REGISTER NAME Breaker flashover 1 function Breaker flashover 1 side 1 source Breaker flashover 1 side 2 source Breaker flashover 1 status closed A Breaker flashover 1 status closed B Breaker flashover 1 status closed C Breaker flashover 1 voltage pickup level Breaker flashover 1 voltage difference pickup level Breaker flashover 1 current pickup level Breaker flashover 1 pickup delay Breaker flashover 1 supervision phase A Breaker flashover 1 supervision phase B Breaker flashover 1 supervision phase C Breaker flashover 1 block Breaker flashover 1 events Breaker flashover 1 target Reserved (4 items) ...Repeated for breaker flashover 2 Breaker 1 Arcing Current Phase A Breaker 1 Arcing Current Phase B Breaker 1 Arcing Current Phase C Breaker 1 Operating Time Phase A Breaker 1 Operating Time Phase B Breaker 1 Operating Time Phase C Breaker 1 Operating Time ...Repeated for Breaker Arcing Current 2 Breaker 1 Arcing Current Clear Command Breaker 2 Arcing Current Clear Command Reset Unauthorized Access Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Current Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Current Angle Fault 1 Prefault Phase B Current Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase B Current Angle Fault 1 Prefault Phase C Current Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase C Current Angle Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Voltage Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase A Voltage Angle Fault 1 Prefault Phase B Voltage Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase B Voltage Angle Fault 1 Prefault Phase C Voltage Magnitude Fault 1 Prefault Phase C Voltage Angle Fault 1 Phase A Current Magnitude Fault 1 Phase A Current Angle Fault 1 Phase B Current Magnitude Fault 1 Phase B Current Angle Fault 1 Phase C Current Magnitude Fault 1 Phase C Current Angle Fault 1 Phase A Voltage Magnitude Fault 1 Phase A Voltage Angle 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 0 to 999999.999 -359.9 to 0 ------A degrees A degrees A degrees V degrees V degrees V degrees A degrees A degrees A degrees V degrees 1 1 1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.001 0.1 F126 F126 F126 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 RANGE 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 6 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1.5 0 to 100000 0 to 1.5 0 to 65.535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 2 --0 to 99999999 0 to 99999999 0 to 99999999 0 to 99999999 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 UNITS ------------pu V pu s --------------kA2-cyc kA2-cyc kA2-cyc kA2-cyc ms ms ms ms STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 0.001 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 --1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F102 F167 F211 F300 F300 F300 F001 F060 F001 F001 F300 F300 F300 F300 F102 F109 F001 F060 F060 F060 F060 F001 F001 F001 F001
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (None) 0 0 0 850 1000 600 100 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Self-Reset) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Breaker Arcing Current Commands (Read/Write Command) (2 modules) 0 (No) 0 (No) 0 (No) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Passwords Unauthorized Access (Read/Write Command) Fault Location (Read Only) (5 modules)
B-14
GE Multilin
DEFAULT 0 0 0 0 0 (NA) 0
Autoreclose Status (Read Only) (6 modules) F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F060 F002 F003 F002 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GE Multilin
B-15
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 8 of 60)
ADDR 256D 256E 2608 REGISTER NAME PMU 1 Configuration Change Counter Reserved (4 items) PMU 1 SOC timestamp PMU 1 FRAMESEC timestamp PMU 1 STAT flags Remote double-point status input 1 device Remote double-point status input 1 item Remote double-point status input 1 name Remote double-point status input 1 events ... Repeated for double-point status input 2 ... Repeated for double-point status input 3 ... Repeated for double-point status input 4 ... Repeated for double-point status input 5 IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 1 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 2 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 3 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 4 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 5 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 6 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 7 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 8 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 9 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 10 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 11 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 12 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 13 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 14 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 15 operand IEC 61850 GGIO5 uinteger input 16 operand IEC 61850 received uinteger 1 IEC 61850 received uinteger 2 IEC 61850 received uinteger 3 IEC 61850 received uinteger 4 IEC 61850 received uinteger 5 IEC 61850 received uinteger 6 IEC 61850 received uinteger 7 IEC 61850 received uinteger 8 IEC 61850 received uinteger 9 IEC 61850 received uinteger 10 IEC 61850 received uinteger 11 IEC 61850 received uinteger 12 IEC 61850 received uinteger 13 IEC 61850 received uinteger 14 IEC 61850 received uinteger 15 IEC 61850 received uinteger 16 FlexStates, one per register (256 items) Contact Input States, one per register (96 items) Contact Output States, one per register (64 items) --------------------------------0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F612 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F108 F108 F108 RANGE 0 to 655.35 0 to 1 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 1 to 32 0 to 128 1 to 64 0 to 1 --seconds seconds ----------UNITS STEP 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F001 F001 F003 F003 F003 F001 F156 F205 F102
APPENDIX B
Phasor measurement unit integer values (read only actual value registers) 260A 260C 2620 2621 2622 2628 2629 2632 263B 2644 26B0 26B1 26B2 26B3 26B4 26B5 26B6 26B7 26B8 26B9 26BA 26BB 26BC 26BD 26BE 26BF 26F0 26F2 26F4 26F6 26F8 26FA 26FC 26FE 2700 2702 2704 2706 2708 270A 270C 270E 2B00 2D00 2D80
IEC 61850 GGIO5 configuration (read/write setting registers) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off)
Expanded FlexStates (Read Only) Expanded Digital Input/Output states (Read Only)
B-16
GE Multilin
FORMAT F108 F155 F108 F001 F001 F050 F001 F126 F126 F001 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F050 F204 F003 F001 F001 F003 F003 F050 F126 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004
Fault Report Indexing (Read Only Non-Volatile) Fault Report Actuals (Read Only Non-Volatile) (15 modules)
Modbus file transfer (read/write) Modbus file transfer values (read only)
Event recorder commands (read/write) DCMA Input Values (Read Only) (24 modules)
GE Multilin
B-17
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 10 of 60)
ADDR 34D6 34D8 34DA 34DC 34DE 34E0 34E2 34E4 34E6 34E8 34EA 34EC 34EE 34F0 34F1 34F2 34F3 34F4 34F5 34F6 34F7 34F8 34F9 34FA 34FB 34FC 34FD 34FE 34FF 3500 3501 3502 3503 3504 3505 3506 3507 3508 3509 350A 350B 350C 350D 350E 350F 3510 3511 3512 3513 3514 3515 3516 3517 REGISTER NAME DCMA Inputs 12 Value DCMA Inputs 13 Value DCMA Inputs 14 Value DCMA Inputs 15 Value DCMA Inputs 16 Value DCMA Inputs 17 Value DCMA Inputs 18 Value DCMA Inputs 19 Value DCMA Inputs 20 Value DCMA Inputs 21 Value DCMA Inputs 22 Value DCMA Inputs 23 Value DCMA Inputs 24 Value RTD Input 1 Value RTD Input 2 Value RTD Input 3 Value RTD Input 4 Value RTD Input 5 Value RTD Input 6 Value RTD Input 7 Value RTD Input 8 Value RTD Input 9 Value RTD Input 10 Value RTD Input 11 Value RTD Input 12 Value RTD Input 13 Value RTD Input 14 Value RTD Input 15 Value RTD Input 16 Value RTD Input 17 Value RTD Input 18 Value RTD Input 19 Value RTD Input 20 Value RTD Input 21 Value RTD Input 22 Value RTD Input 23 Value RTD Input 24 Value RTD Input 25 Value RTD Input 26 Value RTD Input 27 Value RTD Input 28 Value RTD Input 29 Value RTD Input 30 Value RTD Input 31 Value RTD Input 32 Value RTD Input 33 Value RTD Input 34 Value RTD Input 35 Value RTD Input 36 Value RTD Input 37 Value RTD Input 38 Value RTD Input 39 Value RTD Input 40 Value RANGE -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -9999999 to 9999999 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 -32768 to 32767 UNITS --------------------------C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B-18
GE Multilin
FORMAT F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F155 F108 F003 F003 F003 F003 F102 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F102 F300 F300 F001 F300 F102 F300 F531 F001 F001 F101 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F112 F113 F112 F113 F003 F003
DEFAULT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Offline) 0 (Off) 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 5 30 3 5 0 (Disabled) 1 1 30 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (English) 10 300 0 (25%) 0 (Disabled) 30 20 10 0 0 254 8 (115200) 0 (None) 8 (115200) 0 (None) 56554706 4294966272
GE Multilin
B-19
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 12 of 60)
ADDR 408B 408D 409A 409B 409C 409D 409E 40A3 40A4 40A5 40A6 40A7 40A9 40AA 40AB 40AC 40AD 40AE 40AF 40B0 40B1 40B2 40B3 40B4 40B6 40B8 40BA 40BE 40C0 40C1 40C2 40C4 40C6 40C8 40C9 40CA 40E0 40E1 40E2 40E3 40E4 40E6 40E8 40EA 40EC 40EE 40F0 4104 4005 4140 4141 4142 4143 REGISTER NAME Gateway IP Address Network Address NSAP DNP Channel 1 Port DNP Channel 2 Port DNP Address Reserved DNP Client Addresses (2 items) TCP Port Number for the Modbus protocol TCP/UDP Port Number for the DNP Protocol TCP Port Number for the HTTP (Web Server) Protocol Main UDP Port Number for the TFTP Protocol Data Transfer UDP Port Numbers for the TFTP Protocol (zero means automatic) (2 items) DNP Unsolicited Responses Function DNP Unsolicited Responses Timeout DNP unsolicited responses maximum retries DNP unsolicited responses destination address Ethernet operation mode DNP current scale factor DNP voltage scale factor DNP power scale factor DNP energy scale factor DNP power scale factor DNP other scale factor DNP current default deadband DNP voltage default deadband DNP power default deadband DNP energy default deadband DNP other default deadband DNP IIN time synchronization bit period DNP message fragment size DNP client address 3 DNP client address 4 DNP client address 5 DNP number of paired binary output control points DNP TCP connection timeout Reserved (22 items) TCP port number for the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol IEC 60870-5-104 protocol function IEC 60870-5-104 protocol common address of ASDU IEC 60870-5-104 protocol cyclic data transmit period IEC 60870-5-104 current default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 voltage default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 power default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 energy default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 power default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 other default threshold IEC 60870-5-104 client address (5 items) IEC 60870-5-104 redundancy port Reserved (59 items) DNP object 1 default variation DNP object 2 default variation DNP object 20 default variation DNP object 21 default variation RANGE 0 to 4294967295 --0 to 4 0 to 4 0 to 65519 0 to 1 0 to 4294967295 1 to 65535 1 to 65535 1 to 65535 1 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 60 1 to 255 0 to 65519 0 to 1 0 to 8 0 to 8 0 to 8 0 to 8 0 to 8 0 to 8 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 1 to 10080 30 to 2048 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 0 to 32 10 to 65535 0 to 1 1 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 1 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 4294967295 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 to 2 1 to 3 0 to 3 0 to 3 UNITS --------------------------s ----------------------------min --------------------s --------------------------STEP 1 --1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F003 F074 F177 F177 F001 F001 F003 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F102 F001 F001 F001 F192 F194 F194 F194 F194 F194 F194 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F003 F003 F003 F001 F001 F001 F001 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F003 F126 F001 F001 F001 F523 F524
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 56554497 0 0 (None) 0 (None) 1 0 0 502 20000 80 69 0 0 (Disabled) 5 10 1 0 (Half-Duplex) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 30000 30000 30000 30000 30000 1440 240 0 0 0 0 120 0 2404 0 (Disabled) 0 60 30000 30000 30000 30000 30000 30000 0 0 (No) 0 2 2 0 (1) 0 (1)
B-20
GE Multilin
FORMAT F523 F523 F001 F525 F003 F001 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F072 F134 F134 F134 F134 F134 F134 F001 F102 F003 F001 F126 F600 F260 F300 F003 F050 F051 F052 F114 F102 F002 F102 F237 F238 F239 F001 F237 F238 F239 F001 F126 F001
DEFAULT 0 (1) 0 (1) 1 0 (1) 3232235778 502 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 (Fail) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 123 0 (No) 0 0 (continuous) 0 60000 0 0 0 0 (None) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (January) 0 (Sunday) 0 (First) 2 0 (January) 0 (Sunday) 0 (First) 2 0 (No) 5
GE Multilin
B-21
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 14 of 60)
ADDR 41C1 41C2 41C3 41C4 41D0 4200 4260 4261 4280 4281 4282 4284 4286 4288 428A 428C 428E 4290 4292 4294 4296 4298 429A 429C 429E 42A0 42A2 42A4 42A6 42A8 42AA 42AC 42AE 42B0 42B2 42B4 42B6 42B8 42BA 42BC 42BE 42C0 42C2 42C4 42C6 42C8 42CA 42CC 42CE 42D0 42D2 42D4 REGISTER NAME Oscillography Trigger Mode Oscillography Trigger Position Oscillography Trigger Source Oscillography AC Input Waveforms Oscillography Analog Channel n (16 items) Oscillography Digital Channel n (63 items) Trip LED Input FlexLogic Operand Alarm LED Input FlexLogic Operand FlexLogic Operand to Activate LED User LED type (latched or self-resetting) ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 2 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 3 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 4 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 5 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 6 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 7 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 8 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 9 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 10 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 11 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 12 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 13 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 14 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 15 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 16 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 17 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 18 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 19 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 20 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 21 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 22 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 23 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 24 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 25 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 26 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 27 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 28 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 29 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 30 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 31 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 32 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 33 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 34 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 35 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 36 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 37 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 38 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 39 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 40 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 41 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 42 ...Repeated for User-Programmable LED 43 RANGE 0 to 1 0 to 100 0 to 65535 0 to 4 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 UNITS --% ----------------STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F118 F001 F300 F183 F600 F300 F300 F300 F300 F127
APPENDIX B
B-22
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Installation (Read/Write Setting) F133 F202 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F102 F001 F123 F001 F123 0 (Not Programmed) Relay-1 1 (Enabled) 1 (Enabled) 1 (Enabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 1 (Enabled) 1 (Enabled) 1 (Enabled) 0 (Disabled) 1 0 (1 A) 1 0 (1 A)
VT Settings (Read/Write Setting) (3 modules) F100 F001 F060 F166 F001 F060 0 (Wye) 664 1 1 (Vag) 664 1
Source Settings (Read/Write Setting) (6 modules) F206 F400 F400 F400 F400 SRC 1" 0 0 0 0
Power System (Read/Write Setting) F001 F106 F167 F102 60 0 (ABC) 0 (SRC 1) 1 (Enabled)
GE Multilin
B-23
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 16 of 60)
ADDR 4700 4701 4704 4705 4706 4707 4708 4709 470A 470B 470D 470E 4710 4711 4712 4713 4714 4715 4716 4717 4718 4719 4732 474B 47A0 47A1 47A2 47A3 47A5 47A6 47A7 47A8 47A9 47AA 47AB 47AC 47AD 47AE 47AF 47B0 47C0 47C1 47C2 47C3 47C4 47C5 47C6 47C7 47C8 47C9 47CA REGISTER NAME Breaker 1 function Breaker 1 name Breaker 1 mode Breaker 1 open Breaker 1 close Breaker 1 phase A / three-pole closed Breaker 1 phase B closed Breaker 1 phase C closed Breaker 1 external alarm Breaker 1 alarm delay Breaker 1 pushbutton control Breaker 1 manual close recall time Breaker 1 out of service Breaker 1 block open Breaker 1 block close Breaker 1 phase A / three-pole opened Breaker 1 phase B opened Breaker 1 phase C opened Breaker 1 operate time Breaker 1 events Reserved ...Repeated for breaker 2 ...Repeated for breaker 3 ...Repeated for breaker 4 Synchrocheck 1 Function Synchrocheck 1 V1 Source Synchrocheck 1 V2 Source Synchrocheck 1 Maximum Voltage Difference Synchrocheck 1 Maximum Angle Difference Synchrocheck 1 Maximum Frequency Difference Synchrocheck 1 Dead Source Select Synchrocheck 1 Dead V1 Maximum Voltage Synchrocheck 1 Dead V2 Maximum Voltage Synchrocheck 1 Live V1 Minimum Voltage Synchrocheck 1 Live V2 Minimum Voltage Synchrocheck 1 Target Synchrocheck 1 Events Synchrocheck 1 Block Synchrocheck 1 Frequency Hysteresis ...Repeated for Synchrocheck 2 Compensated overvoltage function Compensated overvoltage source Compensated overvoltage Zc magnitude Compensated overvoltage Zc angle Compensated overvoltage I_1 maximum Compensated overvoltage stage 1 pickup Compensated overvoltage stage 1 delay Compensated overvoltage stage 2 pickup Compensated overvoltage stage 2 delay Compensated overvoltage stage 3 pickup Compensated overvoltage stage 3 delay 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 500 30 to 90 0.01 to 1 0.25 to 3 0 to 600 0.25 to 3 0 to 600 0.25 to 3 0 to 600 ----ohms degrees pu pu seconds pu seconds pu seconds 1 1 0.01 1 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.01 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 5 0 to 400000 0 to 100 0 to 2 0 to 5 0 to 1.25 0 to 1.25 0 to 1.25 0 to 1.25 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 0.1 ------V degrees Hz --pu pu pu pu ------Hz 1 1 1 1 1 0.01 1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 0.01 F102 F167 F167 F060 F001 F001 F176 F001 F001 F001 F001 F109 F102 F300 F001 RANGE 0 to 1 --0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1000000 0 to 1 0 to 1000000 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 --UNITS ------------------s --s ------------s ----STEP 1 --1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 --FORMAT F102 F206 F157 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F003 F102 F003 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F102 ---
APPENDIX B
Synchrocheck (Read/Write Setting) (2 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1 (SRC 2) 10000 30 100 1 (LV1 and DV2) 30 30 70 70 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 6
Compensated overvoltage (read/write settings) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 200 90 20 1300 100 1300 100 1300 100
B-24
GE Multilin
FORMAT F300 F109 F102 F011 F011 F001 F202 F202 F001 F001
Modbus User Map (Read/Write Setting) User Displays Settings (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules)
User Programmable Pushbuttons (Read/Write Setting) (12 modules) F109 F202 F202 F202 F001 F109 F102 F300 F001 F102 F300 F220 F300 F300 F300 2 (Disabled) (none) (none) (none) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0
GE Multilin
B-25
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 18 of 60)
ADDR 4FCE 5000 5400 5401 5407 5413 5426 5439 544C 545F 5472 5485 5498 54AB 54BE 54D1 54E4 54F7 550A 551D 5530 5543 5556 5569 557C 558F 55A2 55B5 55C8 55DB 55EE 5601 5614 5627 563A 564D 5660 5673 5686 5699 56AC 56BF 56D2 56E5 56F8 570B 571E 5731 5744 5757 576A 577D REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 12 FlexLogic Entry (512 items) RTD Input 1 Function RTD Input 1 ID RTD Input 1 Type ...Repeated for RTD Input 2 ...Repeated for RTD Input 3 ...Repeated for RTD Input 4 ...Repeated for RTD Input 5 ...Repeated for RTD Input 6 ...Repeated for RTD Input 7 ...Repeated for RTD Input 8 ...Repeated for RTD Input 9 ...Repeated for RTD Input 10 ...Repeated for RTD Input 11 ...Repeated for RTD Input 12 ...Repeated for RTD Input 13 ...Repeated for RTD Input 14 ...Repeated for RTD Input 15 ...Repeated for RTD Input 16 ...Repeated for RTD Input 17 ...Repeated for RTD Input 18 ...Repeated for RTD Input 19 ...Repeated for RTD Input 20 ...Repeated for RTD Input 21 ...Repeated for RTD Input 22 ...Repeated for RTD Input 23 ...Repeated for RTD Input 24 ...Repeated for RTD Input 25 ...Repeated for RTD Input 26 ...Repeated for RTD Input 27 ...Repeated for RTD Input 28 ...Repeated for RTD Input 29 ...Repeated for RTD Input 30 ...Repeated for RTD Input 31 ...Repeated for RTD Input 32 ...Repeated for RTD Input 33 ...Repeated for RTD Input 34 ...Repeated for RTD Input 35 ...Repeated for RTD Input 36 ...Repeated for RTD Input 37 ...Repeated for RTD Input 38 ...Repeated for RTD Input 39 ...Repeated for RTD Input 40 ...Repeated for RTD Input 41 ...Repeated for RTD Input 42 ...Repeated for RTD Input 43 ...Repeated for RTD Input 44 ...Repeated for RTD Input 45 ...Repeated for RTD Input 46 ...Repeated for RTD Input 47 ...Repeated for RTD Input 48 0 to 65535 0 to 1 --0 to 3 --------1 1 --1 F300 F102 F205 F174 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
Flexlogic (Read/Write Setting) 16384 0 (Disabled) RTD Ip 1 0 (100 ohm Platinum) RTD Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (48 modules)
B-26
GE Multilin
DEFAULT 0 (millisecond) 0 0 0
Phase Time Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (6 modules) F102 F167 F122 F001 F103 F001 F104 F102 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Phasor) 1000 0 (IEEE Mod Inv) 100 0 (Instantaneous) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
GE Multilin
B-27
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 20 of 60)
ADDR 5A00 5A01 5A02 5A03 5A04 5A05 5A06 5A07 5A08 5A09 5A0A 5A10 5A20 5A30 5A40 5A50 5A60 5A70 5A80 5A90 5AA0 5AB0 5B00 5B01 5B02 5B03 5B04 5B05 5B06 5B07 5B08 5B09 5B0A 5B10 5B20 5B30 5B40 5B50 5C00 5C01 5C02 5C03 5C04 5C05 5C06 5C07 5C08 5C10 5C20 5C30 5C40 REGISTER NAME Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Function Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Signal Source Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Pickup Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Delay Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Reset Delay Phase IOC1 Block For Phase A Phase IOC1 Block For Phase B Phase IOC1 Block For Phase C Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Target Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Events Reserved (6 items) ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 2 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 3 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 4 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 5 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 6 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 7 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 8 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 9 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 10 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 11 ...Repeated for Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 12 Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Function Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Signal Source Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Input Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Pickup Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Curve Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Multiplier Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Reset Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Block Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Target Neutral Time Overcurrent 1 Events Reserved (6 items) ...Repeated for Neutral Time Overcurrent 2 ...Repeated for Neutral Time Overcurrent 3 ...Repeated for Neutral Time Overcurrent 4 ...Repeated for Neutral Time Overcurrent 5 ...Repeated for Neutral Time Overcurrent 6 Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Function Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Signal Source Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Pickup Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Delay Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Reset Delay Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Block Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Target Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Events Reserved (8 items) ...Repeated for Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 2 ...Repeated for Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 3 ...Repeated for Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 4 ...Repeated for Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 5 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 30 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 ----pu s s --------1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 1 0 to 30 0 to 16 0 to 600 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 ------pu --------------1 1 1 0.001 1 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F122 F001 F103 F001 F104 F300 F109 F102 F001 RANGE 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 30 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 UNITS ----pu s s ------------STEP 1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F300 F300 F109 F102 F001
APPENDIX B
Neutral Time Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (6 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Phasor) 1000 0 (IEEE Mod Inv) 100 0 (Instantaneous) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (12 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1000 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
B-28
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
B
F102 F167 F122 F001 F103 F001 F104 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Phasor) 1000 0 (IEEE Mod Inv) 100 0 (Instantaneous) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (12 modules) F167 F102 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Disabled) 1000 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Setting Groups (Read/Write Setting) F001 F300 F300 F102 F102 F001 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0
GE Multilin
B-29
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 22 of 60)
ADDR 5F8C 5F94 5F9C 5FA4 5FAC 5FB4 6050 6051 6052 6053 6054 6055 6056 6057 6058 6059 605A 605B 605C 605D 605E 605F 6060 6061 6072 6074 6300 6301 6302 6303 6304 6305 6306 6307 6308 6309 6310 6400 6401 6402 6403 6404 6405 6406 6407 6408 6410 64A0 REGISTER NAME Setting Group 1 Name Setting Group 2 Name Setting Group 3 Name Setting Group 4 Name Setting Group 5 Name Setting Group 6 Name Wattmetric ground fault 1 function Wattmetric ground fault 1 source Wattmetric ground fault 1 voltage Wattmetric ground fault 1 overvoltage pickup Wattmetric ground fault 1 current Wattmetric ground fault 1 overcurrent pickup Wattmetric ground fault 1 overcurrent pickup delay Wattmetric ground fault 1 power pickup Wattmetric ground fault 1 ECA Wattmetric ground fault 1 power pickup delay Wattmetric ground fault 1 curve Wattmetric ground fault 1 multiplier Wattmetric ground fault 1 block Wattmetric ground fault 1 target Wattmetric ground fault 1 events Wattmetric ground fault 1 reference power Reserved ...Repeated for wattmetric ground fault 2 Wattmetric ground fault 1 operating power Wattmetric ground fault 2 operating power Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Function Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Signal Source Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Pickup Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Curve Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Multiplier Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Reset Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Block Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Target Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 1 Events Reserved (7 items) ...Repeated for Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC 1 Function Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC 1 Signal Source Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Pickup Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Delay Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC 1 Reset Delay Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Block Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Target Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 1 Events Reserved (8 items) ...Repeated for Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC 2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Function 0 to 1 --1 F102 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 30 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 ----pu s s --------1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 0.000 to 1000000.000 0.000 to 1000000.000 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 30 0 to 16 0 to 600 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 W W ----pu --------------0.001 0.001 1 1 0.001 1 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 F060 F060 F102 F167 F001 F103 F001 F104 F300 F109 F102 F001 RANGE ------------0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 1 0.02 to 3.00 0 to 1 0.002 to 30.000 0 to 600 0.001 to 1.2 0 to 360 0 to 600 0 to 5 0.01 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0.001 to 1.2 --UNITS ------------------pu --pu s pu Lag s --s ------pu --STEP ------------1 1 1 0.01 1 0.001 0.01 0.001 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 1 1 0.001 --FORMAT F203 F203 F203 F203 F203 F203 F102 F167 F234 F001 F235 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F236 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 ---
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Calculated VN) 20 (Calculated IN) 60 20 100 0 20 0 (Definite Time) 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 500 ---
Wattmetric ground fault actual values (read only) 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1000 0 (IEEE Mod Inv) 100 0 (Instantaneous) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1000 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
B-30
GE Multilin
FORMAT F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F167 F513 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F514 F300 F109 F102 F085 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 F195
DEFAULT 0 (SRC 1) 300 50 50 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Two Step) 600 5000 75 5000 75 120 90 60 30 50 17 9 17 400 0 (Delayed) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Mho Shape) 6000 7000 6000 7000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 250 100 30 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled)
GE Multilin
B-31
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 24 of 60)
ADDR 67E1 67E2 67E3 67E4 67E5 67E6 67E7 67E8 67E9 67EA 67EB 67EC 67ED 67EE 67EF 67F0 67F1 67F2 67F3 67F4 67F5 67F6 67F7 67F8 67F9 67FA 67FB 67FC 67FD 67FE 67FF 6800 6801 6820 6821 6822 6823 6824 6825 6826 6828 682A 682B 682C 682D 6830 6831 6832 6833 6834 6835 REGISTER NAME Trip 3-Pole Input1 Trip 3-Pole Input2 Trip 3-Pole Input3 Trip 3-Pole Input4 Trip 3-Pole Input5 Trip 3-Pole Input6 Trip 1-Pole Input1 Trip 1-Pole Input2 Trip 1-Pole Input3 Trip 1-Pole Input4 Trip 1-Pole Input5 Trip 1-Pole Input6 Trip Reclose Input1 Trip Reclose Input2 Trip Reclose Input3 Trip Reclose Input4 Trip Reclose Input5 Trip Reclose Input6 Trip Force 3-Pole Trip Pilot Priority Breaker Phase A Open Breaker Phase B Open Breaker Phase C Open Trip Events Reverse Fault Operand Trip Delay On Evolving Faults Trip Seal-In Delay Trip Reset Start Timer Zone 2 Phase Input 1 Start Timer Zone 2 Phase Input 2 Start Timer Zone 2 Ground Input 1 Start Timer Zone 2 Ground Input 2 Reserved (5 items) Open Pole Function Open Pole Block Open Pole Voltage Supervision Open Pole Current Pickup Open Pole Target Open Pole Events Open Pole Line XC0 Open Pole Line XC1 Open Pole Remote Current Pickup Open Pole Detection Open Pole Mode Reserved (5 items) DUTT Function DUTT Seal In Delay DUTT 1P Number of Communication Bits DUTT RX1 DUTT RX2 DUTT RX3 RANGE 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65.535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 65.535 0 to 65.535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 30 0 to 2 0 to 1 300 to 9999.9 300 to 9999.9 0 to 30 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 65.535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 UNITS --------------------------------------s ----------s s ------------------pu ----ohms ohms pu --------s --------STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 1 0.1 0.1 0.001 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F300 F300 F300 F102 F300 F001 F001 F609 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F102 F300 F102 F001 F109 F102 F003 F003 F001 F608 F607 F001 F102 F001 F198 F300 F300 F300
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 0 (Pole Curr OR Custom) 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled) 50 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 99999 99999 50 0 (I AND V AND CBaux) 0 (Accelerated) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (1) 0 0 0
B-32
GE Multilin
FORMAT F300 F109 F102 F300 F001 F102 F001 F001 F198 F300 F300 F300 F300 F109 F102 F300 F001 F102 F199 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F198 F300 F300 F300 F300 F109 F102 F300 F300 F001 F102 F199 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F300 F198 F300 F300 F300
DEFAULT 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 20 90 100 250 50 0 0 0 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 0 20 90 100 250 0 0 0 0 (1) 0 0 0
GE Multilin
B-33
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 26 of 60)
ADDR 6876 6877 6878 6879 687A 687B 687B 687C 6880 6881 6882 6883 6884 6885 6886 6887 6888 6889 688A 688B 688C 688D 688D 688E 6890 6891 6892 6893 6894 6895 6896 6897 6898 6899 689A 689B 689C 689D 689E 689F 68A0 68A1 68A2 68A3 68A4 68A5 68A6 68A7 68A8 68A9 68AA 68AB REGISTER NAME Hybrid POTT 1P Rx4 Hybrid POTT 1P Target Hybrid POTT 1P Event Hybrid POTT 1P Echo Condition Hybrid POTT 1P Weak Infeed Hybrid POTT 1P Weak Infeed Condition Hybrid POTT 1P Block Reserved (3 items) Blocking Scheme 1P Function Block 1P Rx Coord Pickup Delay Block 1P Transient Block Pickup Delay Block 1P Transient Block Reset Delay Blocking Scheme 1P Seal In Delay Blocking Scheme 1P Gnd Directional Overcurrent Fwd Blocking Scheme 1P Gnd Directional Overcurrent Rev Blocking Scheme 1P Number of Communication Bits Blocking Scheme 1P Rx1 Blocking Scheme 1P Rx2 Blocking Scheme 1P Rx3 Blocking Scheme 1P Rx4 Blocking 1P Target Blocking 1P Event Blocking Scheme 1P Block Reserved (2 items) Autoreclose Mode Autoreclose Maximum Number of Shots Autoreclose Block Breaker 1 Autoreclose Close Time Breaker 1 Autoreclose Breaker Manual Close Autoreclose Function Autoreclose Block Time Manual Close Autoreclose 1P Initiate Autoreclose 3P Initiate Autoreclose 3P TD Initiate Autoreclose Multi-Phase Fault Autoreclose Breaker 1 Pole Open Autoreclose Breaker 3 Pole Open Autoreclose 3-Pole Dead Time 1 Autoreclose 3-Pole Dead Time 2 Autoreclose Extend Dead T1 Autoreclose Dead T1 Extension Autoreclose Reset Autoreclose Reset Time Autoreclose Breaker Closed Autoreclose Block Autoreclose Pause Autoreclose Incomplete Sequence Time Autoreclose Block Breaker 2 Autoreclose Close Time Breaker 2 Autoreclose Transfer 1 to 2 Autoreclose Transfer 2 to 1 Autoreclose Breaker 1 Fail Option RANGE 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 65.535 0 to 65.535 0 to 65.535 0 to 65.535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 3 1 to 4 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 65535 0 to 655.35 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 UNITS ------------------s s s s ----------------------------s ----s ------------s s --s --s ------s --s ------STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.01 1 1 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.01 0.01 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 1 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 1 1 FORMAT F300 F109 F102 F300 F199 F300 F300 F001 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F300 F198 F300 F300 F300 F300 F109 F102 F300 F001 F080 F001 F300 F001 F300 F102 F001 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F001 F300 F001 F300 F001 F300 F300 F300 F001 F300 F001 F126 F126 F081
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 1 (Enabled) 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 10 30 90 0 0 0 0 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (1 & 3 Pole) 2 0 10 0 0 (Disabled) 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 120 0 50 0 6000 0 0 0 500 0 10 0 (No) 0 (No) 0 (Continue)
B-34
GE Multilin
FORMAT F081 F001 F082 F001 F102 F001 F001 F300 F610 F001 F102 F300 F199 F300 F300 F300 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F198 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F109 F102 F001 F102 F167 F001 F111 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F186 F001
DEFAULT 0 (Continue) 100 3 (1 - 2) 400 0 (Disabled) 200 400 0 0 (Protection AND CB) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 20 90 100 250 50 8 15 150 10 0 (1 bit) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Self-Reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1000 0 (Definite Time) 100 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Phase to Ground) 0
GE Multilin
B-35
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 28 of 60)
ADDR 7042 7043 7044 7045 7046 7047 7048 7060 7061 7062 7062 7070 7071 7072 7073 7074 7075 7076 7077 7078 7079 707A 707B 707C 707D 707E 707F 7080 7081 7082 7083 7084 7085 7086 7090 70B0 70D0 70F0 7130 7131 7132 7133 7134 7135 7136 7137 7138 7139 713A 713B 713C REGISTER NAME Phase Overvoltage 1 Pickup Phase Overvoltage 1 Delay Phase Overvoltage 1 Reset Delay Phase Overvoltage 1 Block Phase Overvoltage 1 Target Phase Overvoltage 1 Events Reserved (8 items) Distance Signal Source Memory Duration Force Self-Polarization Force Memory Polarization Phase Distance Zone 1 Function Phase Distance Zone 1 Current Supervision Phase Distance Zone 1 Reach Phase Distance Zone 1 Direction Phase Distance Zone 1 Comparator Limit Phase Distance Zone 1 Delay Phase Distance Zone 1 Block Phase Distance Zone 1 Target Phase Distance Zone 1 Events Phase Distance Zone 1 Shape Phase Distance Zone 1 RCA Phase Distance Zone 1 DIR RCA Phase Distance Zone 1 DIR Comp Limit Phase Distance Zone 1 Quad Right Blinder Phase Distance Zone 1 Quad Right Blinder RCA Phase Distance Zone 1 Quad Left Blinder Phase Distance Zone 1 Quad Left Blinder RCA Phase Distance Zone 1 Volt Limit Phase Distance Zone 1 Transformer Voltage Connection Phase Distance Zone 1 Transformer Current Connection Phase Distance Zone 1 Rev Reach Phase Distance Zone 1 Rev Reach RCA Reserved (10 items) ...Repeated for Phase Distance Zone 2 ...Repeated for Phase Distance Zone 3 ...Repeated for Phase Distance Zone 4 ...Repeated for Phase Distance Zone 5 Ground Distance Zone 1 Function Ground Distance Zone 1 Current Supervision Ground Distance Zone 1 Reach Ground Distance Zone 1 Direction Ground Distance Zone 1 Comparator Limit Ground Distance Zone 1 Delay Ground Distance Zone 1 Block Ground Distance Zone 1 Target Ground Distance Zone 1 Events Ground Distance Zone 1 Shape Ground Distance Zone 1 Z0 Z1 Magnitude Ground Distance Zone 1 Z0 Z1 Angle Ground Distance Zone 1 RCA 0 to 1 0.05 to 30 0.02 to 500 0 to 2 30 to 90 0 to 65.535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 10 -90 to 90 30 to 90 --pu ohms --degrees s ----------degrees degrees 1 0.001 0.01 1 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 0.01 1 1 F102 F001 F001 F154 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F120 F001 F002 F001 RANGE 0 to 3 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 5 5 to 25 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0.05 to 30 0.02 to 500 0 to 2 30 to 90 0 to 65.535 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 30 to 90 30 to 90 30 to 90 0.02 to 500 60 to 90 0.02 to 500 60 to 90 0 to 5 0 to 12 0 to 12 0.02 to 500 30 to 90 --UNITS pu s s ----------cycles ------pu ohms --degrees s --------degrees degrees degrees ohms degrees ohms degrees pu ----ohms degrees --STEP 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.001 0.01 1 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 0.001 1 1 0.01 1 --FORMAT F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 F167 F001 F300 F300 F102 F001 F001 F154 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F120 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F153 F153 F001 F001 F001
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 1000 100 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (SRC 1) 10 0 0 0 (Disabled) 200 200 0 (Forward) 90 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Mho) 85 85 90 1000 85 1000 85 0 0 (None) 0 (None) 200 85 0
Ground Distance (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (5 modules) 0 (Disabled) 200 200 0 (Forward) 90 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Mho) 270 0 85
B-36
GE Multilin
FORMAT F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F002 F001 F002 F521 F001 F001 F001
Line Pickup (Read/Write Grouped Setting) F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F102 F300 F109 F102 F300 F300 F102 F167 F300 F001 F001 F126 F109 F102 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 1000 700 150 90 40 45 5 1 (Enabled) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 30 700 0 (No) 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Neutral Directional Overcurrent (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules) F102 F167 F230 F002 F001 F001 F001 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Voltage) 75 90 50 90 50
GE Multilin
B-37
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 30 of 60)
ADDR 7288 7289 728A 728B 728C 728D 728E 728F 7290 72A0 72A1 72A2 72A3 72A4 72A5 72A6 72A7 72A8 72A9 72AA 72AB 72AC 72AD 72B0 72C0 72C1 72C2 72C3 72C4 72C5 72C6 72C7 72C8 72C9 72CA 72D4 72DE 7300 7301 7307 730B 730E 730F 7311 7313 7318 7330 7348 7360 7378 7390 REGISTER NAME Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Target Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Block Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Events Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Polarizing Voltage Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Op Current Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Offset Neutral Directional Overcurrent 1 Pos Seq Restraint Reserved ...Repeated for Neutral Directional Overcurrent 2 Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Function Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Source Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Type Neg Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Forward ECA Neg Seq Directional Overcurrent 1 Forward Limit Angle Neg Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Forward Pickup Neg Seq Directional Overcurrent 1 Reverse Limit Angle Neg Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Reverse Pickup Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Target Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Block Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Events Negative Sequence Directional Overcurrent 1 Offset Neg Seq Directional Overcurrent 1 Pos Seq Restraint Reserved (3 items) ...Repeated for Neg Seq Directional Overcurrent 2 Breaker 1 Arcing Current Function Breaker 1 Arcing Current Source Breaker 1 Arcing Current Initiate A Breaker 1 Arcing Current Initiate B Breaker 1 Arcing Current Initiate C Breaker 1 Arcing Current Delay Breaker 1 Arcing Current Limit Breaker 1 Arcing Current Block Breaker 1 Arcing Current Target Breaker 1 Arcing Current Events ...Repeated for Breaker 2 Arcing Current ...Repeated for Breaker 3 Arcing Current ...Repeated for Breaker 4 Arcing Current dcmA Inputs 1 Function dcmA Inputs 1 ID Reserved 1 (4 items) dcmA Inputs 1 Units dcmA Inputs 1 Range dcmA Inputs 1 Minimum Value dcmA Inputs 1 Maximum Value Reserved (5 items) ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 2 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 3 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 4 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 5 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 6 ...Repeated for dcmA Inputs 7 0 to 1 --0 to 65535 --0 to 6 -9999.999 to 9999.999 -9999.999 to 9999.999 0 to 65535 ----------------1 --1 --1 0.001 0.001 1 F102 F205 F001 F206 F173 F004 F004 F001 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65.535 0 to 50000 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 ----------s kA2-cyc ------1 1 1 1 1 0.001 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F300 F300 F300 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 1 0 to 90 40 to 90 0.015 to 30 40 to 90 0.015 to 30 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 250 0 to 0.5 0 to 1 ------ Lag degrees pu degrees pu ------ohms ----1 1 1 1 1 0.05 1 0.05 1 1 1 0.01 0.001 1 F102 F167 F179 F002 F001 F001 F001 F001 F109 F300 F102 F001 F001 F001 RANGE 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 250 0 to 0.5 0 to 1 UNITS ----------ohms ----STEP 1 1 1 1 1 0.01 0.001 1 FORMAT F109 F300 F102 F231 F196 F001 F001 F001
APPENDIX B
Negative-sequence directional overcurrent (read/write grouped settings) (2 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 (Neg Sequence) 75 90 5 90 5 0 (Self-reset) 0 0 (Disabled) 0 63 0
Breaker Arcing Current Settings (Read/Write Setting) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled)
dcmA Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (24 modules) 0 (Disabled) DCMA I 1" 0 mA 6 (4 to 20 mA) 4000 20000 0
B-38
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Disconnect switches (read/write settings) F102 F206 F157 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F003 F102 --0 (Disabled) SW 1" 0 (3-Pole) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 0 (Disabled) ---
User Programmable Pushbuttons (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules) F109 F202 F202 2 (Disabled) (none) (none)
GE Multilin
B-39
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 32 of 60)
ADDR 7B75 7B7F 7B80 7B81 7B82 7B83 7B84 7B85 7B86 7B87 7B88 7B89 7B8A 7B8B 7BB6 7BE1 7C0C 7C37 7C62 7C8D 7CB8 7CE3 7D0E 7D39 7D64 7D8F 7DBA 7DE5 7F00 7F01 7F02 7F03 7F04 7F05 7F06 7F07 7F08 7F09 7F10 7F20 7F30 7F31 7F32 7F33 7F34 7F35 7F36 7F37 7F38 7F40 7F50 REGISTER NAME User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Off Text User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Drop-Out Time User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Target User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Events User Programmable Pushbutton 1 LED Operand User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Autoreset Delay User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Autoreset Function User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Local Lock User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Message Priority User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Remote Lock User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Reset User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Set User Programmable Pushbutton 1 Hold ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 2 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 3 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 4 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 5 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 6 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 7 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 8 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 9 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 10 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 11 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 12 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 13 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 14 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 15 ...Repeated for User Programmable Pushbutton 16 Neutral Overvoltage 1 Function Neutral Overvoltage 1 Signal Source Neutral Overvoltage 1 Pickup Neutral Overvoltage 1 Pickup Delay Neutral Overvoltage 1 Reset Delay Neutral Overvoltage 1 Block Neutral Overvoltage 1 Target Neutral Overvoltage 1 Events Neutral Overvoltage 1 Curves Reserved (8 items) ...Repeated for Neutral Overvoltage 2 ...Repeated for Neutral Overvoltage 3 Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Function Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Signal Source Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Pickup Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Pickup Delay Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Reset Delay Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Block Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Target Auxiliary Overvoltage 1 Events Reserved (8 items) ...Repeated for Auxiliary Overvoltage 2 ...Repeated for Auxiliary Overvoltage 3 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 3 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 65535 ----pu s s --------1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 to 1 0 to 5 0 to 3.00 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 3 0 to 65535 ----pu s s ----------1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 1 F102 F167 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F116 F001 RANGE --0 to 60 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 600 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 10 UNITS --s ------s ------------s STEP --0.05 1 1 1 0.05 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.1 FORMAT F202 F001 F109 F102 F300 F001 F102 F300 F220 F300 F300 F300 F001
APPENDIX B
Neutral Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 300 100 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Definite Time) 0
Auxiliary Overvoltage (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (3 modules) 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 300 100 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
B-40
GE Multilin
FORMAT F102 F167 F001 F001 F111 F001 F300 F109 F102 F001
DEFAULT 0 (Disabled) 0 (SRC 1) 700 100 0 (Definite Time) 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Frequency (Read Only) F001 F102 F157 F167 F126 F126 F300 F300 F001 F001 F126 F001 F126 F001 F126 F001 F300 F300 F300 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F109 F102 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (3-Pole) 0 (SRC 1) 1 (Yes) 1 (Yes) 0 0 1050 1050 1 (Yes) 0 1 (Yes) 0 1 (Yes) 0 0 0 0 1050 1050 1050 1050 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Breaker Failure (Read/Write Grouped Setting) (2 modules)
GE Multilin
B-41
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 34 of 60)
ADDR 8800 8A00 REGISTER NAME FlexState Parameters (256 items) Digital Element 1 Function Digital Element 1 Name Digital Element 1 Input Digital Element 1 Pickup Delay Digital Element 1 Reset Delay Digital Element 1 Block Digital Element 1 Target Digital Element 1 Events Digital Element 1 Pickup LED Reserved (2 items) ...Repeated for Digital Element 2 ...Repeated for Digital Element 3 ...Repeated for Digital Element 4 ...Repeated for Digital Element 5 ...Repeated for Digital Element 6 ...Repeated for Digital Element 7 ...Repeated for Digital Element 8 ...Repeated for Digital Element 9 ...Repeated for Digital Element 10 ...Repeated for Digital Element 11 ...Repeated for Digital Element 12 ...Repeated for Digital Element 13 ...Repeated for Digital Element 14 ...Repeated for Digital Element 15 ...Repeated for Digital Element 16 ...Repeated for Digital Element 17 ...Repeated for Digital Element 18 ...Repeated for Digital Element 19 ...Repeated for Digital Element 20 ...Repeated for Digital Element 21 ...Repeated for Digital Element 22 ...Repeated for Digital Element 23 ...Repeated for Digital Element 24 ...Repeated for Digital Element 25 ...Repeated for Digital Element 26 ...Repeated for Digital Element 27 ...Repeated for Digital Element 28 ...Repeated for Digital Element 29 ...Repeated for Digital Element 30 ...Repeated for Digital Element 31 ...Repeated for Digital Element 32 ...Repeated for Digital Element 33 ...Repeated for Digital Element 34 ...Repeated for Digital Element 35 ...Repeated for Digital Element 36 ...Repeated for Digital Element 37 ...Repeated for Digital Element 38 ...Repeated for Digital Element 39 ...Repeated for Digital Element 40 ...Repeated for Digital Element 41 ...Repeated for Digital Element 42 RANGE --0 to 1 --0 to 65535 0 to 999999.999 0 to 999999.999 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 --UNITS --------s s ----------STEP --1 --1 0.001 0.001 1 1 1 1 --FORMAT F300 F102 F203 F300 F003 F003 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001
APPENDIX B
FlexState Settings (Read/Write Setting) Digital Elements (Read/Write Setting) (48 modules) 8A01 8A09 8A0A 8A0C 8A0E 8A0F 8A10 8A11 8A12 8A14 8A28 8A3C 8A50 8A64 8A78 8A8C 8AA0 8AB4 8AC8 8ADC 8AF0 8B04 8B18 8B2C 8B40 8B54 8B68 8B7C 8B90 8BA4 8BB8 8BCC 8BE0 8BF4 8C08 8C1C 8C30 8C44 8C58 8C6C 8C80 8C94 8CA8 8CBC 8CD0 8CE4 8CF8 8D0C 8D20 8D34
B-42
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
B
F102 F300 F001 F001 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F102 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
FlexElement (Read/Write Setting) (16 modules) F102 F206 F600 F600 F516 F515 F517 F001 F004 F518 F003 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 0 (Disabled) FxE 1 0 0 0 (LEVEL) 0 (SIGNED) 0 (OVER) 30 1000 0 (Milliseconds) 20 0 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled)
GE Multilin
B-43
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 36 of 60)
ADDR 9014 9028 903C 9050 9064 9078 908C 90A0 90B4 90C8 90DC 90F0 9104 9118 912C 9200 9201 9202 9203 9204 9205 9206 9207 9208 9208 9208 920B 9216 9221 922C 9300 9301 9302 9304 9306 930C 9312 9318 931E 9324 932A 9330 9336 933C 9342 9348 934E 9354 935A 9360 9366 936C REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for FlexElement 2 ...Repeated for FlexElement 3 ...Repeated for FlexElement 4 ...Repeated for FlexElement 5 ...Repeated for FlexElement 6 ...Repeated for FlexElement 7 ...Repeated for FlexElement 8 ...Repeated for FlexElement 9 ...Repeated for FlexElement 10 ...Repeated for FlexElement 11 ...Repeated for FlexElement 12 ...Repeated for FlexElement 13 ...Repeated for FlexElement 14 ...Repeated for FlexElement 15 ...Repeated for FlexElement 16 Fault Report 1 Source Fault Report 1 Trigger Fault Report 1 Z1 Magnitude Fault Report 1 Z1 Angle Fault Report 1 Z0 Magnitude Fault Report 1 Z0 Angle Fault Report 1 Line Length Units Fault Report 1 Line Length Fault Report 1 VT Substitution Fault Report 1 System Z0 Magnitude Fault Report 1 System Z0 Angle ...Repeated for Fault Report 2 ...Repeated for Fault Report 3 ...Repeated for Fault Report 4 ...Repeated for Fault Report 5 dcmA Output 1 Source dcmA Output 1 Range dcmA Output 1 Minimum dcmA Output 1 Maximum ...Repeated for dcmA Output 2 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 3 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 4 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 5 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 6 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 7 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 8 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 9 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 10 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 11 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 12 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 13 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 14 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 15 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 16 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 17 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 18 ...Repeated for dcmA Output 19 0 to 65535 0 to 2 90 to 90 90 to 90 ----pu pu 1 1 0.001 0.001 F600 F522 F004 F004 0 to 5 0 to 65535 0.01 to 250 25 to 90 0.01 to 650 25 to 90 0 to 1 0 to 2000 0 to 2 0.01 to 650.00 25 to 90 --ohms degrees ----ohms degrees ohms degrees --1 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 1 0.1 1 0.01 1 F167 F300 F001 F001 F001 F001 F147 F001 F270 F001 F001 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
Fault Report Settings (Read/Write Setting) (up to 5 modules) 0 (SRC 1) 0 300 75 900 75 0 (km) 1000 0 (None) 900 75
B-44
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Direct Input/Output Names (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules) F205 F205 Dir Ip 1 Dir Out 1
IEC 61850 received integers (read/write setting registers) F003 F491 1000 0 (Default Value)
GE Multilin
B-45
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 38 of 60)
ADDR 9937 993A 993D 9A01 9A03 9A05 9A07 9A09 9A0B 9A0D 9A0F 9B00 9B01 9B02 9B03 9B04 9B05 9B06 9B10 9B30 9B50 9B70 9B90 9B91 9B92 9B93 9B94 9B95 9BA0 9BA1 9BB0 9BC0 A040 A041 A042 A043 A044 A045 A210 A211 A280 A281 A282 A283 A284 A285 A286 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger 14 ...Repeated for IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger 15 ...Repeated for IEC61850 GOOSE UInteger 16 FlexElement 1 Actual FlexElement 2 Actual FlexElement 3 Actual FlexElement 4 Actual FlexElement 5 Actual FlexElement 6 Actual FlexElement 7 Actual FlexElement 8 Actual Teleprotection Function Teleprotection Number of Terminals Teleprotection Number of Channels Teleprotection Local Relay ID Teleprotection Terminal 1 ID Teleprotection Terminal 2 ID Reserved (10 items) Teleprotection Input 1-n Default States (16 items) Teleprotection Input 2-n Default States (16 items) Teleprotection Output 1-n Operand (16 items) Teleprotection Output 2-n Operand (16 items) Teleprotection Clear Lost Packets Teleprotection Channel 1 Status Teleprotection Channel 1 Number of Lost Packets Teleprotection Channel 2 Status Teleprotection Channel 2 Number of Lost Packets Teleprotection Network Status Teleprotection Channel 1 Input States Teleprotection Channel 2 Input States Teleprotection Input 1 States, 1 per register (16 items) Teleprotection Input 2 States, 1 per register (16 items) VT Fuse Failure Function ...Repeated for module number 2 ...Repeated for module number 3 ...Repeated for module number 4 ...Repeated for module number 5 ...Repeated for module number 6 Selector switch 1 position Selector switch 2 position Selector 1 Function Selector 1 Range Selector 1 Timeout Selector 1 Step Up Selector 1 Step Mode Selector 1 Acknowledge Selector 1 Bit0 1 to 7 1 to 7 0 to 1 1 to 7 3 to 60 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 --------s --------1 1 1 1 0.1 1 1 1 1 F001 F001 F102 F001 F001 F300 F083 F300 F300
-2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647 -2147483.647 to 2147483.647
APPENDIX B
RANGE
UNITS
STEP
FORMAT
DEFAULT
-------------------------------------------------------------
F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F004 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F086 F086 F300 F300 F126 F134 F001 F134 F001 F134 F500 F500 F108 F108 F102
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 0 0 (No) 1 (OK) 0 1 (OK) 0 2 (n/a) 0 0 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Disabled)
Teleprotection Inputs/Outputs (Read/Write Settings) 0 to 1 2 to 3 1 to 2 0 to 255 0 to 255 0 to 255 0 to 1 0 to 3 0 to 3 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1
Teleprotection Inputs/Outputs Commands (Read/Write Command) Teleprotection Channel Tests (Read Only)
B-46
GE Multilin
DNP/IEC Points (Read/Write Setting) F300 F300 F011 F011 F102 F519 F300 F300 F109 F102 F001 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Reset Dominant) 0 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0
Digital Counter (Read/Write Setting) (8 modules) F102 F205 F206 F300 F300 F300 F004 F004 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 0 (Disabled) Counter 1" (none) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GE Multilin
B-47
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 40 of 60)
ADDR A840 A860 A880 A8A0 A8C0 A8E0 AA00 AA02 AA03 AA05 AA07 AA0E AA15 AA1C AA23 AA2A AA31 AA38 AA3F AA46 AA4D AA54 AA5B AA62 AA69 AB24 AB25 AB26 AB27 AB28 AB29 AB2A AB2B AB2C AB2D AB2E AB2F AB30 AB33 AC0B AC53 AC7A AC98 ACB6 ACFE AD01 AD13 AD25 AD34 AD43 AD55 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Digital Counter 3 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 4 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 5 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 6 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 7 ...Repeated for Digital Counter 8 IEC 61850 GOOSE analog 1 default value IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 1 mode IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 1 units IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 1 per-unit base ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 2 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 3 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 4 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 5 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 6 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 7 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 8 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 9 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 10 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 11 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 12 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 13 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 14 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 15 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GOOSE analog input 16 Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR1.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR1 OpCnt (operation counter) Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR2.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR2 OpCnt (operation counter) Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR3.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR3 OpCnt (operation counter) Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR4.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR4 OpCnt (operation counter) Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR5.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR5 OpCnt (operation counter) Operand for IEC 61850 XCBR6.ST.Loc status Command to clear XCBR6 OpCnt (operation counter) IEC 61850 logical node LPHD1 name prefix IEC 61850 logical node PIOCx name prefix (72 items) IEC 61850 logical node PTOCx name prefix (24 items) IEC 61850 logical node PTUVx name prefix (13 items) IEC 61850 logical node PTOVx name prefix (10 items) IEC 61850 logical node PDISx name prefix (10 items) IEC 61850 logical node RBRFx name prefix (24 items) IEC 61850 logical node RPSBx name prefix IEC 61850 logical node RRECx name prefix (6 items) IEC 61850 logical node MMXUx name prefix (6 items) IEC 61850 logical node GGIOx name prefix (5 items) IEC 61850 logical node RFLOx name prefix (5 items) IEC 61850 logical node XCBRx name prefix (6 items) IEC 61850 logical node PTRCx name prefix (6 items) 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 ----------------------------------------------------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F300 F126 F300 F126 F300 F126 F300 F126 F300 F126 F300 F126 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 1000000 to 1000000 0 to 1 --0 to 999999999.999 --------0.001 1 --0.001 F060 F491 F207 F060 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
IEC 61850 received analog settings (read/write) 1000 0 (Default Value) (none) 1
IEC 61850 XCBR configuration (read/write settings) 0 0 (No) 0 0 (No) 0 0 (No) 0 0 (No) 0 0 (No) 0 0 (No) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none) (none)
B-48
GE Multilin
IEC 61850 GGIO4 general analog configuration settings (read/write) F001 F600 F003 F060 F060 4 0 100000 0 1000000 IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input points configuration settings (read/write)
GE Multilin
B-49
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 42 of 60)
ADDR AF87 AF8E AF95 AF9C AFA3 AFAA AFB1 AFB8 AFBF AFC6 AFCD AFD4 AFDB AFE2 AFE9 AB30 AB33 AC0B AC53 AC77 AC8F ACAD ACF5 ACF8 AD0A AD1C AD28 AD37 AD3D AD43 AD4F B01C B01D B013 B03F B040 B043 B064 B067 B068 B069 B06A B06C B06D B07D B08D B0B5 B06B B0B7 B0C0 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 18 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 19 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 20 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 21 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 22 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 23 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 24 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 25 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 26 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 27 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 28 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 29 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 30 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 31 ...Repeated for IEC 61850 GGIO4 analog input 32 IEC 61850 Logical Node LPHD1 Name Prefix IEC 61850 Logical Node PIOCx Name Prefix (72 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PTOCx Name Prefix (24 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PTUVx Name Prefix (12 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PTOVx Name Prefix (8 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PDISx Name Prefix (10 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node RRBFx Name Prefix (24 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node RPSBx Name Prefix IEC 61850 Logical Node RRECx Name Prefix (6 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node MMXUx Name Prefix (6 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node GGIOx Name Prefix (4 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node RFLOx Name Prefix (5 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node XCBRx Name Prefix (2 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PTRCx Name Prefix (2 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node PDIFx Name Prefix (4 items) IEC 61850 Logical Node MMXNx Name Prefix (37 items) Default GOOSE/GSSE Update Time IEC 61850 GSSE Function (GsEna) IEC 61850 GSSE ID IEC 61850 GOOSE Function (GoEna) IEC 61850 GSSE Destination MAC Address IEC 61850 Standard GOOSE ID IEC 61850 Standard GOOSE Destination MAC Address IEC 61850 GOOSE VLAN Transmit Priority IEC 61850 GOOSE VLAN ID IEC 61850 GOOSE ETYPE APPID Reserved (2 items) TCP Port Number for the IEC 61850 / MMS Protocol IEC 61850 Logical Device Name IEC 61850 Logical Device Instance IEC 61850 LPHD Location Include non-IEC 61850 Data IEC 61850 Server Data Scanning Function Reserved (15 items) IEC 61850 MMXU TotW Deadband 1 0.001 to 100 % 0.001 F003 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 0 to 65534 1 to 60 0 to 1 --0 to 1 ------0 to 7 0 to 4095 0 to 16383 0 to 1 1 to 65535 ------0 to 1 0 to 1 --------------------------------s --------------------------------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 --1 ------1 1 1 1 1 ------1 1 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F206 F001 F102 F209 F102 F072 F209 F072 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F213 F213 F204 F102 F102 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
IEC 61850 Logical Node Name Prefixes (Read/Write Setting) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) (None) 60 1 (Enabled) GSSEOut 0 (Disabled) 0 GOOSEOut 0 4 0 0 0 102 IECName LDInst Location 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled)
B-50
GE Multilin
FORMAT F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003 F003
DEFAULT 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000
IEC 61850 Report Settings (Read/Write Setting) (14 modules) F209 F001 F003 F001 F003 0 0 0 0
GE Multilin
B-51
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 44 of 60)
ADDR B501 B5A0 B5A1 B5C2 B5C5 B5C6 B5C7 B5C8 B5CA B5CB B60B B676 B6E1 B74C B7B7 B822 B88D B900 B940 B980 B9C0 BA00 BA40 BA80 BAC0 BB00 BB06 BB07 BB08 BB10 BB18 BB20 BB28 BB30 BB38 BB40 BB48 BB50 BB58 BB60 BB68 BB70 BB78 BB80 BB88 BB90 BB98 BBA0 BBA8 BBB0 REGISTER NAME IEC 61850 GGIO1 Indication operands (128 items) IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE Function IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE ID Configurable GOOSE Destination MAC Address IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE VLAN Transmit Priority IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE VLAN ID IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE ETYPE APPID IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE ConfRev IEC 61850 Configurable GOOSE Retransmission Curve Configurable GOOSE Dataset Items for Transmission (64 items) ...Repeated for Module 2 ...Repeated for Module 3 ...Repeated for Module 4 ...Repeated for Module 5 ...Repeated for Module 6 ...Repeated for Module 7 ...Repeated for Module 8 Configurable GOOSE Dataset Items for Transmission ...Repeated for Module 2 ...Repeated for Module 3 ...Repeated for Module 4 ...Repeated for Module 5 ...Repeated for Module 6 ...Repeated for Module 7 ...Repeated for Module 8 Contact Input 1 Name Contact Input 1 Events Contact Input 1 Debounce Time ...Repeated for Contact Input 2 ...Repeated for Contact Input 3 ...Repeated for Contact Input 4 ...Repeated for Contact Input 5 ...Repeated for Contact Input 6 ...Repeated for Contact Input 7 ...Repeated for Contact Input 8 ...Repeated for Contact Input 9 ...Repeated for Contact Input 10 ...Repeated for Contact Input 11 ...Repeated for Contact Input 12 ...Repeated for Contact Input 13 ...Repeated for Contact Input 14 ...Repeated for Contact Input 15 ...Repeated for Contact Input 16 ...Repeated for Contact Input 17 ...Repeated for Contact Input 18 ...Repeated for Contact Input 19 ...Repeated for Contact Input 20 ...Repeated for Contact Input 21 ...Repeated for Contact Input 22 ...Repeated for Contact Input 23 --0 to 1 0 to 16 ----ms --1 0.5 F205 F102 F001 0 to 128 --1 F233 RANGE --0 to 1 ----0 to 7 0 to 4095 0 to 16383 1 to 4294967295 0 to 3 0 to 542 UNITS --------------------STEP 1 1 ----1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F300 F102 F209 F072 F001 F001 F001 F003 F611 F232
APPENDIX B
B-52
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
GE Multilin
B-53
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 46 of 60)
ADDR BD68 BD70 BD78 BD80 BD88 BD90 BD98 BDA0 BDA8 BDB0 BDB8 BDC0 BDC8 BDD0 BDD8 BDE0 BDE8 BDF0 BDF8 BE00 BE30 BE31 BE37 BE38 BE39 BE3C BE48 BE54 BE60 BE6C BE78 BE84 BE90 BE9C BEA8 BEB4 BEC0 BECC BED8 BEE4 BEF0 BEFC BF08 BF14 BF20 BF2C BF38 BF44 BF50 BF5C BF68 BF74 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Contact Input 78 ...Repeated for Contact Input 79 ...Repeated for Contact Input 80 ...Repeated for Contact Input 81 ...Repeated for Contact Input 82 ...Repeated for Contact Input 83 ...Repeated for Contact Input 84 ...Repeated for Contact Input 85 ...Repeated for Contact Input 86 ...Repeated for Contact Input 87 ...Repeated for Contact Input 88 ...Repeated for Contact Input 89 ...Repeated for Contact Input 90 ...Repeated for Contact Input 91 ...Repeated for Contact Input 92 ...Repeated for Contact Input 93 ...Repeated for Contact Input 94 ...Repeated for Contact Input 95 ...Repeated for Contact Input 96 Contact Input n Threshold, n = 1 to 24 (24 items) Virtual Input 1 Function Virtual Input 1 Name Virtual Input 1 Programmed Type Virtual Input 1 Events Reserved (3 items) ...Repeated for Virtual Input 2 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 3 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 4 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 5 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 6 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 7 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 8 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 9 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 10 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 11 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 12 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 13 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 14 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 15 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 16 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 17 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 18 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 19 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 20 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 21 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 22 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 23 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 24 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 25 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 26 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 27 ...Repeated for Virtual Input 28 0 to 3 0 to 1 --0 to 1 0 to 1 --------------1 1 --1 1 --F128 F102 F205 F127 F102 F001 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
Contact Input Thresholds (Read/Write Setting) 1 (33 Vdc) 0 (Disabled) Virt Ip 1 0 (Latched) 0 (Disabled) 0 Virtual Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules)
B-54
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Virtual Outputs (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules) F205 F102 F001 Virt Op 1 0 (Disabled) 0
GE Multilin
B-55
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 48 of 60)
ADDR C1A8 C1B0 C1B8 C1C0 C1C8 C1D0 C1D8 C1E0 C1E8 C1F0 C1F8 C200 C208 C210 C218 C220 C228 C230 C238 C240 C248 C250 C258 C260 C268 C270 C278 C280 C288 C290 C298 C2A0 C2A8 C2B0 C2B8 C2C0 C2C8 C2D0 C2D8 C2E0 C2E8 C2F0 C2F8 C300 C308 C310 C318 C320 C328 C330 C338 C340 C348 C350 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Virtual Output 16 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 17 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 18 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 19 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 20 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 21 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 22 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 23 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 24 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 25 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 26 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 27 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 28 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 29 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 30 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 31 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 32 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 33 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 34 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 35 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 36 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 37 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 38 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 39 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 40 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 41 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 42 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 43 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 44 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 45 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 46 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 47 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 48 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 49 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 50 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 51 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 52 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 53 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 54 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 55 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 56 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 57 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 58 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 59 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 60 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 61 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 62 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 63 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 64 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 65 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 66 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 67 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 68 ...Repeated for Virtual Output 69 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
B-56
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Mandatory (Read/Write Setting) F245 F126 F300 F126 F126 F205 F300 F300 F300 F102 F090 F001 0 (Disabled) 0 (No) 1 0 (No) 0 (No) Cont Op 1" 0 0 0 1 (Enabled) 0 (Operate-dominant) 0
Clear commands (read/write) Synchrophasor actual values (read only) Contact Outputs (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules)
GE Multilin
B-57
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 50 of 60)
ADDR C4D0 C4DC C4E8 C4F4 C500 C50C C518 C524 C530 C53C C548 C554 C560 C56C C578 C584 C590 C59C C5A8 C5B4 C5C0 C5CC C5D8 C5E4 C5F0 C5FC C608 C614 C620 C62C C638 C644 C650 C65C C668 C674 C680 C68C C698 C6A4 C6B0 C6BC C6C8 C6D4 C6E0 C6EC C6F8 C704 C710 C71C C728 C734 C750 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Contact Output 13 ...Repeated for Contact Output 14 ...Repeated for Contact Output 15 ...Repeated for Contact Output 16 ...Repeated for Contact Output 17 ...Repeated for Contact Output 18 ...Repeated for Contact Output 19 ...Repeated for Contact Output 20 ...Repeated for Contact Output 21 ...Repeated for Contact Output 22 ...Repeated for Contact Output 23 ...Repeated for Contact Output 24 ...Repeated for Contact Output 25 ...Repeated for Contact Output 26 ...Repeated for Contact Output 27 ...Repeated for Contact Output 28 ...Repeated for Contact Output 29 ...Repeated for Contact Output 30 ...Repeated for Contact Output 31 ...Repeated for Contact Output 32 ...Repeated for Contact Output 33 ...Repeated for Contact Output 34 ...Repeated for Contact Output 35 ...Repeated for Contact Output 36 ...Repeated for Contact Output 37 ...Repeated for Contact Output 38 ...Repeated for Contact Output 39 ...Repeated for Contact Output 40 ...Repeated for Contact Output 41 ...Repeated for Contact Output 42 ...Repeated for Contact Output 43 ...Repeated for Contact Output 44 ...Repeated for Contact Output 45 ...Repeated for Contact Output 46 ...Repeated for Contact Output 47 ...Repeated for Contact Output 48 ...Repeated for Contact Output 49 ...Repeated for Contact Output 50 ...Repeated for Contact Output 51 ...Repeated for Contact Output 52 ...Repeated for Contact Output 53 ...Repeated for Contact Output 54 ...Repeated for Contact Output 55 ...Repeated for Contact Output 56 ...Repeated for Contact Output 57 ...Repeated for Contact Output 58 ...Repeated for Contact Output 59 ...Repeated for Contact Output 60 ...Repeated for Contact Output 61 ...Repeated for Contact Output 62 ...Repeated for Contact Output 63 ...Repeated for Contact Output 64 FlexLogic operand which initiates a reset 0 to 65535 --1 F300 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
B-58
GE Multilin
Clear Records (Read/Write Setting) F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F300 F001 F144 F131 F001 F126 F001 F126 F102 F126 F001 F001 F086 F102 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 1 0 (No) 64 0 (No) 0 (Disabled) 0 (No) 0 0 0 (Off) 0 (Disabled)
Direct input/output commands (Read/Write Command) Direct inputs (Read/Write Setting) (96 modules)
GE Multilin
B-59
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 52 of 60)
ADDR C8D4 C8D8 C8DC C8E0 C8E4 C8E8 C8EC C8F0 C8F4 C8F8 C8FC C900 C904 C908 C90C CA10 CA11 CA12 CA14 CA16 CA18 CA1A CA1C CA1E CA20 CA22 CA24 CA26 CA28 CA2A CA2C CA2E CA30 CA32 CA34 CA36 CA38 CA3A CA3C CA3E CA40 CA42 CA44 CA46 CA48 CA4A CA4C CA4E CAD0 CAD1 CAD2 CAD3 REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Direct Input 18 ...Repeated for Direct Input 19 ...Repeated for Direct Input 20 ...Repeated for Direct Input 21 ...Repeated for Direct Input 22 ...Repeated for Direct Input 23 ...Repeated for Direct Input 24 ...Repeated for Direct Input 25 ...Repeated for Direct Input 26 ...Repeated for Direct Input 27 ...Repeated for Direct Input 28 ...Repeated for Direct Input 29 ...Repeated for Direct Input 30 ...Repeated for Direct Input 31 ...Repeated for Direct Input 32 Direct Output 1 Operand Direct Output 1 Events ...Repeated for Direct Output 2 ...Repeated for Direct Output 3 ...Repeated for Direct Output 4 ...Repeated for Direct Output 5 ...Repeated for Direct Output 6 ...Repeated for Direct Output 7 ...Repeated for Direct Output 8 ...Repeated for Direct Output 9 ...Repeated for Direct Output 10 ...Repeated for Direct Output 11 ...Repeated for Direct Output 12 ...Repeated for Direct Output 13 ...Repeated for Direct Output 14 ...Repeated for Direct Output 15 ...Repeated for Direct Output 16 ...Repeated for Direct Output 17 ...Repeated for Direct Output 18 ...Repeated for Direct Output 19 ...Repeated for Direct Output 20 ...Repeated for Direct Output 21 ...Repeated for Direct Output 22 ...Repeated for Direct Output 23 ...Repeated for Direct Output 24 ...Repeated for Direct Output 25 ...Repeated for Direct Output 26 ...Repeated for Direct Output 27 ...Repeated for Direct Output 28 ...Repeated for Direct Output 29 ...Repeated for Direct Output 30 ...Repeated for Direct Output 31 ...Repeated for Direct Output 32 Direct Input/Output Channel 1 CRC Alarm Function Direct I/O Channel 1 CRC Alarm Message Count Direct Input/Output Channel 1 CRC Alarm Threshold Direct Input/Output Channel 1 CRC Alarm Events 0 to 1 100 to 10000 1 to 1000 0 to 1 --------1 1 1 1 F102 F001 F001 F102 0 to 65535 0 to 1 ----1 1 F300 F102 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
B-60
GE Multilin
FORMAT F001 F102 F001 F001 F102 F001 F102 F001 F001 F102 F001 F102 F001 F001 F102 F001 F209 F001 F184 F126
DEFAULT 10 0 (Disabled) 600 10 0 (Disabled) 10 0 (Disabled) 600 10 0 (Disabled) 10 0 (Disabled) 600 10 0 (Disabled) 10 Remote Device 1 0 0 (Fixed) 0 (No)
Remote Inputs (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules) F001 F156 F086 F102 F205 1 0 (None) 0 (Off) 0 (Disabled) Rem Ip 1
GE Multilin
B-61
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 54 of 60)
ADDR D022 D02C D036 D040 D04A D054 D05E D068 D072 D07C D086 D090 D09A D0A4 D0AE D0B8 D0C2 D0CC D0D6 D220 D221 D222 D224 D228 D22C D230 D234 D238 D23C D240 D244 D248 D24C D250 D254 D258 D25C D260 D264 D268 D26C D270 D274 D278 D27C D280 D284 D288 D28C D290 D294 D298 D29C REGISTER NAME ...Repeated for Remote Input 14 ...Repeated for Remote Input 15 ...Repeated for Remote Input 16 ...Repeated for Remote Input 17 ...Repeated for Remote Input 18 ...Repeated for Remote Input 19 ...Repeated for Remote Input 20 ...Repeated for Remote Input 21 ...Repeated for Remote Input 22 ...Repeated for Remote Input 23 ...Repeated for Remote Input 24 ...Repeated for Remote Input 25 ...Repeated for Remote Input 26 ...Repeated for Remote Input 27 ...Repeated for Remote Input 28 ...Repeated for Remote Input 29 ...Repeated for Remote Input 30 ...Repeated for Remote Input 31 ...Repeated for Remote Input 32 Remote Output DNA 1 Operand Remote Output DNA 1 Events Reserved (2 items) ...Repeated for Remote Output 2 ...Repeated for Remote Output 3 ...Repeated for Remote Output 4 ...Repeated for Remote Output 5 ...Repeated for Remote Output 6 ...Repeated for Remote Output 7 ...Repeated for Remote Output 8 ...Repeated for Remote Output 9 ...Repeated for Remote Output 10 ...Repeated for Remote Output 11 ...Repeated for Remote Output 12 ...Repeated for Remote Output 13 ...Repeated for Remote Output 14 ...Repeated for Remote Output 15 ...Repeated for Remote Output 16 ...Repeated for Remote Output 17 ...Repeated for Remote Output 18 ...Repeated for Remote Output 19 ...Repeated for Remote Output 20 ...Repeated for Remote Output 21 ...Repeated for Remote Output 22 ...Repeated for Remote Output 23 ...Repeated for Remote Output 24 ...Repeated for Remote Output 25 ...Repeated for Remote Output 26 ...Repeated for Remote Output 27 ...Repeated for Remote Output 28 ...Repeated for Remote Output 29 ...Repeated for Remote Output 30 ...Repeated for Remote Output 31 ...Repeated for Remote Output 32 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0 to 1 ------1 1 1 F300 F102 F001 RANGE UNITS STEP FORMAT
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT
B-62
GE Multilin
DEFAULT 0 0 (Disabled) 0
IEC 61850 GGIO2 Control Configuration (Read/Write Setting) (64 modules) F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GE Multilin
B-63
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 56 of 60)
ADDR D332 D333 D334 D335 D336 D337 D338 D339 D33A D33B D33C D33D D33E D33F D340 D341 D342 D343 D344 D345 D346 D347 D348 D349 D34A D34B D34C D34D D34E D34F D350 D351 D352 D353 D354 D355 D356 D357 D358 D359 D35A D35B D35C D35D D35E D380 D382 D384 D388 D38C D390 D394 D398 REGISTER NAME IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO19.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO20.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO21.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO22.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO23.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO24.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO25.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO26.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO27.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO28.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO29.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO30.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO31.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO32.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO33.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO34.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO35.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO36.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO37.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO38.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO39.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO40.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO41.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO42.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO43.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO44.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO45.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO46.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO47.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO48.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO49.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO50.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO51.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO52.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO53.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO54.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO55.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO56.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO57.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO58.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO59.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO60.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO61.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO62.ctlModel Value IEC 61850 GGIO2.CF.SPCSO63.ctlModel Value Remote Device 1 StNum Remote Device 1 SqNum ...Repeated for Remote Device 2 ...Repeated for Remote Device 3 ...Repeated for Remote Device 4 ...Repeated for Remote Device 5 ...Repeated for Remote Device 6 ...Repeated for Remote Device 7 RANGE 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 2 0 to 4294967295 0 to 4294967295 UNITS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FORMAT F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F003 F003
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
B-64
GE Multilin
FORMAT
DEFAULT
Phasor Measurement Unit Communication (Read/Write Setting) F545 F545 F545 F543 F543 F543 F203 F203 F203 F600 F600 F600 F203 F203 F203 F300 F300 F300 F203 F203 F203 F108 F108 F108 F126 F126 0 (Network) 0 (Network) 0 (Network) 1 (Va) 1 (Va) 1 (Va) GE-UR-PMU-PHS 1 GE-UR-PMU-PHS 1 GE-UR-PMU-PHS 1 0 0 0 AnalogChannel 1 AnalogChannel 1 AnalogChannel 1 0 0 0 Dig Channel 1 Dig Channel 1 Dig Channel 1 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (Off) 0 (No) 0 (No)
GE Multilin
B-65
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 58 of 60)
ADDR E4DC E4DD E4DE E4DF E4E0 E4E1 E4E2 E4F0 E560 E568 E5A8 E5B8 EA4C EA4D EA4E EA4F EA50 EA51 EA52 EA53 EA54 EA58 EA59 EA5A EA62 EA63 EA88 EA89 EA8A EA8B EA8C EA8D EA8E EA8F EA90 EA91 EAB0 EAB4 EAB5 EAB6 EAB7 EAB8 EABB EABC EAD8 EAD9 EADA REGISTER NAME PMU 1 Recording Rate Reserved PMU 1 No Of Timed Records PMU 1 Trigger Mode PMU 1 Timed Trigger Position Reserved PMU 1 Record PHS-1 (14 items) PMU 1 Record PHS-x Name (14 items) PMU 1 Record A-CH-x (8 items) PMU 1 Record A-CH-x Name (8 items) PMU 1 Record D-CH-x (16 items) PMU 1 Record D-CH-x Name (16 items) PMU Network Reporting Function PMU Network Reporting ID Code PMU Network Reporting Rate PMU Network Reporting Style PMU Network Reporting Format PMU Network PDC Control PMU TCP port number PMU UDP port number 1 PMU UDP port number 2 PMU 1 Function PMU 1 IDcode PMU 1 STN PMU 1 Source PMU 1 Post-Filter PMU 1 Va Calibration Angle PMU 1 Vb Calibration Angle PMU 1 Vc Calibration Angle PMU 1 Vx Calibration Angle PMU 1 Ia Calibration Angle PMU 1 Ib Calibration Angle PMU 1 Ic Calibration Angle PMU 1 Ig Calibration Angle PMU 1 Sequence Voltage Shift Angle PMU 1 Sequence Current Shift Angle PMU 1 User Trigger PMU 1 Current Trigger Function PMU 1 Current Trigger Pickup PMU 1 Current Trigger Pickup Time PMU 1 Current Trigger Dropout Time PMU 1 Current Trigger Block (3 items) PMU 1 Current Trigger Target PMU 1 Current Trigger Events PMU 1 df/dt Trigger Function PMU 1 df/dt Trigger Raise PMU 1 df/dt Trigger Fall RANGE 0 to 10 --1 to 128 0 to 1 1 to 50 --0 to 14 --0 to 65535 --0 to 65535 --0 to 1 1 to 65534 0 to 11 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 to 65535 1 to 65535 1 to 65535 0 to 1 1 to 65534 --0 to 5 0 to 3 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -5 to 5 -180 to 180 -180 to 180 0 to 65535 0 to 1 0.1 to 30 0 to 600 0 to 600 0 to 65535 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0.1 to 15 0.1 to 15 UNITS --------% ------------------------------------------ ----pu s s --------Hz/s Hz/s STEP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 --1 --1 --1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 --1 1 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 30 30 1 1 0.001 0.01 0.01 1 1 1 1 0.01 0.01 FORMAT F544 F001 F001 F542 F001 F001 F543 F203 F600 F203 F300 F203 F102 F001 F544 F546 F547 F102 F001 F001 F001 F102 F001 F203 F167 F540 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F002 F300 F102 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001 F001
APPENDIX B
DEFAULT 3 (10/sec.) 0 3 0 (Auto Overwrite) 10 0 1 (Va) GE-UR-PMU-PHS 1 0 AnalogChannel 1 0 Dig Channel 1 0 (Disabled) 1 3 (10/sec.) 0 (Polar) 0 (Integer) 0 (Disabled) 4712 4713 4714 0 (Disabled) 1 GE-UR-PMU 0 (SRC 1) 1 (Symm-3-point) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Disabled) 1800 10 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 25 25
Phasor Measurement Unit Triggering (Read/Write Setting) Phasor Measurement Unit Current Trigger (Read/Write Setting)
B-66
GE Multilin
FORMAT F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001 F001 F001 F001 F300 F109 F102 F102 F001 F050 F102 F003 F002 F003 F002 F003 F002 F003 F002 F004 F002 F004 F002 F003 F002 F004
DEFAULT 10 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 4900 6100 10 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 1250 1250 1250 10 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 800 1200 10 100 0 0 (Self-reset) 0 (Disabled) 0 (Disabled) 1 0 0 (Disabled) 50000 0 50000 -120 50000 120 50000 0 1000 -10 1000 -130 1000 110 0
GE Multilin
B-67
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING Table B9: MODBUS MEMORY MAP (Sheet 60 of 60)
ADDR EB9E EB9F EBA1 EBF6 EBFA EBFB EBFD ED00 ED01 ED07 ED09 EFFF REGISTER NAME PMU 1 Ground Current Test Angle PMU 1 Test Frequency PMU 1 Test df/dt PMU 1 Recorder Clear Configuration Counter PMU 1 Available Records PMU 1 Second Per Record PMU 1 Last Cleared Date FlexLogic displays active Reserved (6 items) Last settings change date Template bitmask (750 items) PMU Recording Number of Triggers RANGE -180 to 180 20 to 70 -10 to 10 0 to 1 0 to 65535 0 to 6553.5 0 to 400000000 0 to 1 --0 to 4294967295 0 to 65535 0 to 65535 UNITS Hz Hz/s ----------------samples STEP 0.05 0.001 0.001 1 1 0.1 1 1 --1 1 1 FORMAT F002 F003 F002 F126 F001 F001 F050 F102 --F050 F001 F001
APPENDIX B
ratios; the enumeration value for the pickup ratio indicates the offset into the FlexCurve base address where the corresponding time value is stored.
F012 DISPLAY_SCALE DISPLAY SCALING (unsigned 16-bit integer) MSB indicates the SI units as a power of ten. LSB indicates the number of decimal points to display. Example: Current values are stored as 32 bit numbers with three decimal places and base units in Amps. If the retrieved value is 12345.678 A and the display scale equals 0x0302 then the displayed value on the unit is 12.35 kA.
F003 UR_UINT32 UNSIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER (2 registers) High order word is stored in the first register. Low order word is stored in the second register.
F004 UR_SINT32 SIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER (2 registers) High order word is stored in the first register/ Low order word is stored in the second register.
F013 POWER_FACTOR (SIGNED 16 BIT INTEGER) Positive values indicate lagging power factor; negative values indicate leading.
F050 UR_UINT32 TIME and DATE (UNSIGNED 32 BIT INTEGER) Gives the current time in seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 January 1, 1970.
F011 UR_UINT16 FLEXCURVE DATA (120 points) A FlexCurve is an array of 120 consecutive data points (x, y) which are interpolated to generate a smooth curve. The y-axis is the user defined trip or operation time setting; the x-axis is the pickup ratio and is pre-defined. Refer to format F119 for a listing of the pickup
F051 UR_UINT32 DATE in SR format (alternate format for F050) First 16 bits are Month/Day (MM/DD/xxxx). Month: 1=January, 2=February,...,12=December; Day: 1 to 31 in steps of 1 Last 16 bits are Year (xx/xx/YYYY): 1970 to 2106 in steps of 1
B-68
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
F052 UR_UINT32 TIME in SR format (alternate format for F050) First 16 bits are Hours/Minutes (HH:MM:xx.xxx). Hours: 0=12am, 1=1am,...,12=12pm,...23=11pm; Minutes: 0 to 59 in steps of 1 Last 16 bits are Seconds 1=00.001,...,59999=59.999s) (xx:xx:.SS.SSS): 0=00.000s,
F086 ENUMERATION: DIGITAL INPUT DEFAULT STATE 0 = Off, 1 = On, 2= Latest/Off, 3 = Latest/On
2 3 4 5
6 7 8
GE Multilin
B-69
APPENDIX B
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27
28 29
F120 ENUMERATION: DISTANCE SHAPE F116 ENUMERATION: NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE CURVES 0 = Definite Time, 1 = FlexCurve A, 2 = FlexCurve B, 3 = FlexCurve C 0 = Mho, 1 = Quad
F117 ENUMERATION: NUMBER OF OSCILLOGRAPHY RECORDS 0 = 172 cycles, 1 = 336 cycles, 2 = 718 cycles, 3 = 159 cycles
B-70
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
bitmask element SRC4 VT Fuse Failure SRC5 VT Fuse Failure SRC6 VT Fuse Failure
227 228 229 232 233 234 235 242 280 281 282 283 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 311 312 313 336 337 360 362 363 365 366 368 370 372 374 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 420 421
SRC1 50DD (Disturbance Detection) SRC2 50DD (Disturbance Detection) SRC3 50DD (Disturbance Detection) SRC4 50DD (Disturbance Detection) Open Pole Detector Breaker Failure 1 Breaker Failure 2 Breaker Failure 3 Breaker Failure 4 Breaker Arcing Current 1 Breaker Arcing Current 2 Breaker Arcing Current 3 Breaker Arcing Current 4 Breaker Arcing Current 5 Breaker Arcing Current 6 Breaker 1 Flashover Breaker 2 Flashover Phasor measurement unit one-shot Synchrocheck 1 Synchrocheck 2 Setting Group Reset Trip Output Phase Selector Open Pole Detector Directional Comparison Unblocking Scheme DUTT Pilot Scheme PUTT Pilot Scheme POTT Pilot Scheme Hybrid POTT Pilot Scheme Directional Comparison Blocking Pilot Scheme Selector 1 Selector 2 Control pushbutton 1 Control pushbutton 2 Control pushbutton 3 Control pushbutton 4 Control pushbutton 5 Control pushbutton 6 Control pushbutton 7 FlexElement 1 FlexElement 2 FlexElement 3 FlexElement 4 FlexElement 5 FlexElement 6 FlexElement 7 FlexElement 8 Non-volatile Latch 1 Non-volatile Latch 2
GE Multilin
B-71
APPENDIX B
427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722
Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Frequency Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Voltage Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Current Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Power PMU 1 Rate of Change of Frequency Phasor Measurement Unit 1 Trip Bus 1 Trip Bus 2 Trip Bus 3 Trip Bus 4 Trip Bus 5 Trip Bus 6 RTD Input 1 RTD Input 2 RTD Input 3 RTD Input 4 RTD Input 5 RTD Input 6 RTD Input 7 RTD Input 8 RTD Input 9 RTD Input 10 RTD Input 11 RTD Input 12 RTD Input 13 RTD Input 14 RTD Input 15 RTD Input 16 RTD Input 17 RTD Input 18 RTD Input 19 RTD Input 20 RTD Input 21 RTD Input 22 RTD Input 23 RTD Input 24
B-72
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
bitmask 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 element RTD Input 25 RTD Input 26 RTD Input 27 RTD Input 28 RTD Input 29 RTD Input 30 RTD Input 31 RTD Input 32 RTD Input 33 RTD Input 34 RTD Input 35 RTD Input 36 RTD Input 37 RTD Input 38 RTD Input 39 RTD Input 40 RTD Input 41 RTD Input 42 RTD Input 43 RTD Input 44 RTD Input 45 RTD Input 46 RTD Input 47 RTD Input 48 User-Programmable Pushbutton 1 User-Programmable Pushbutton 2 User-Programmable Pushbutton 3 User-Programmable Pushbutton 4 User-Programmable Pushbutton 5 User-Programmable Pushbutton 6 User-Programmable Pushbutton 7 User-Programmable Pushbutton 8 User-Programmable Pushbutton 9 User-Programmable Pushbutton 10 User-Programmable Pushbutton 11 User-Programmable Pushbutton 12 User-Programmable Pushbutton 13 User-Programmable Pushbutton 14 User-Programmable Pushbutton 15 User-Programmable Pushbutton 16 Disconnect switch 1 Disconnect switch 2 Disconnect switch 3 Disconnect switch 4 Disconnect switch 5 Disconnect switch 6 Disconnect switch 7 Disconnect switch 8 Disconnect switch 9 Disconnect switch 10 Disconnect switch 11 Disconnect switch 12 Disconnect switch 13 bitmask 933 934 935 968 969 970 971 element Disconnect switch 14 Disconnect switch 15 Disconnect switch 16 Breaker 1 Breaker 2 Breaker 3 Breaker 4
F131 ENUMERATION: FORCED CONTACT OUTPUT STATE 0 = Disabled, 1 = Energized, 2 = De-energized, 3 = Freeze
GE Multilin
B-73
APPENDIX B
F136 ENUMERATION: NUMBER OF OSCILLOGRAPHY RECORDS 0 = 31 x 8 cycles, 1 = 15 x 16 cycles, 2 = 7 x 32 cycles 3 = 3 x 64 cycles, 4 = 1 x 128 cycles
26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35
F138 ENUMERATION: OSCILLOGRAPHY FILE TYPE 0 = Data File, 1 = Configuration File, 2 = Header File
36 37 38 43 44
F140 ENUMERATION: CURRENT, SENS CURRENT, VOLTAGE, DISABLED 0 = Disabled, 1 = Current 46 A, 2 = Voltage 280 V, 3 = Current 4.6 A, 4 = Current 2 A, 5 = Notched 4.6 A, 6 = Notched 2 A
45 46 47 48 49 50 51
52 53 54 55
F142 ENUMERATION: EVENT RECORDER ACCESS FILE TYPE 0 = All Record Data, 1 = Headers Only, 2 = Numeric Event Cause
F143 UR_UINT32: 32 BIT ERROR CODE (F141 specifies bit number) A bit value of 0 = no error, 1 = error
B-74
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
F152 ENUMERATION: SETTING GROUP 0 = Active Group, 1 = Group 1, 2 = Group 2, 3 = Group 3 4 = Group 4, 5 = Group 5, 6 = Group 6
GE Multilin
B-75
APPENDIX B
F166 ENUMERATION: AUXILIARY VT CONNECTION TYPE 0 = Vn, 1 = Vag, 2 = Vbg, 3 = Vcg, 4 = Vab, 5 = Vbc, 6 = Vca
F167 ENUMERATION: SIGNAL SOURCE 0 = SRC 1, 1 = SRC 2, 2 = SRC 3, 3 = SRC 4, 4 = SRC 5, 5 = SRC 6
F168 ENUMERATION: INRUSH INHIBIT FUNCTION 0 = Disabled, 1 = Adapt. 2nd, 2 = Trad. 2nd
F170 ENUMERATION: LOW/HIGH OFFSET and GAIN TRANSDUCER INPUT/OUTPUT SELECTION 0 = LOW, 1 = HIGH
F171 ENUMERATION: TRANSDUCER CHANNEL INPUT TYPE 0 = dcmA IN, 1 = Ohms IN, 2 = RTD IN, 3 = dcmA OUT, 4 = RRTD IN
2 3 4 5 6
F158 ENUMERATION: SCHEME CALIBRATION TEST 0 = Normal, 1 = Symmetry 1, 2 = Symmetry 2, 3 = Delay 1 4 = Delay 2
B-76
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
F174 ENUMERATION: TRANSDUCER RTD INPUT TYPE 0 = 100 Ohm Platinum, 1 = 120 Ohm Nickel, 2 = 100 Ohm Nickel, 3 = 10 Ohm Copper
2 3 4
F177 ENUMERATION: COMMUNICATION PORT 0 = None, 1 = COM1-RS485, 2 = COM2-RS485, 3 = Front Panel-RS232, 4 = Network - TCP, 5 = Network - UDP
7 8
F178 ENUMERATION: DATA LOGGER RATES 0 = 1 sec, 1 = 1 min, 2 = 5 min, 3 = 10 min, 4 = 15 min, 5 = 20 min, 6 = 30 min, 7 = 60 min, 8 = 15 ms, 9 = 30 ms, 10 = 100 ms, 11 = 500 ms
F179 ENUMERATION: NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT TYPE 0 = Neg Sequence, 1 = Zero Sequence
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
GE Multilin
B-77
APPENDIX B
20 21 22
F194 ENUMERATION: DNP SCALE 0 = 0.01, 1 = 0.1, 2 = 1, 3 = 10, 4 = 100, 5 = 1000, 6 = 10000, 7 = 100000, 8 = 0.001
F195 ENUMERATION: SINGLE POLE TRIP MODE 0 = Disabled, 1 = 3 Pole Only, 2 = 3 Pole & 1 Pole
F211 ENUMERATION: SOURCE SELECTION 0 = None, 1 = SRC 1, 2 = SRC 2, 3 = SRC 3, 4 = SRC 4, 5 = SRC 5, 6 = SRC 6
F196 ENUMERATION: NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT OPERATING CURRENT 0 = Calculated 3I0, 1 = Measured IG
F200 TEXT40: 40-CHARACTER ASCII TEXT 20 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB
F201 TEXT8: 8-CHARACTER ASCII PASSCODE 4 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB
F202 TEXT20: 20-CHARACTER ASCII TEXT 10 registers, 16 Bits: 1st Char MSB, 2nd Char. LSB
F227 ENUMERATION: RELAY SERVICE STATUS 0 = Unknown, 1 = Relay In Service, 2 = Relay Out Of Service
B-78
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
value GOOSE dataset item
MMXU1.MX.VA.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.VA.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.VA.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.PF.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.PF.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU1.MX.PF.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.TotW.mag.f MMXU2.MX.TotVAr.mag.f MMXU2.MX.TotVA.mag.f MMXU2.MX.TotPF.mag.f MMXU2.MX.Hz.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.A.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.A.neut.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.A.neut.cVal.ang.f MMXU2.MX.W.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.W.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.W.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VAr.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VAr.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VAr.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VA.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VA.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.VA.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PF.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PF.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU2.MX.PF.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotW.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotVAr.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotVA.mag.f MMXU3.MX.TotPF.mag.f MMXU3.MX.Hz.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.mag.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.ang.f MMXU3.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.mag.f
297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340
GE Multilin
B-79
APPENDIX B
346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393
B-80
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
value 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 GOOSE dataset item MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsAB.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsBC.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PPV.phsCA.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PhV.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsA.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsB.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.A.phsC.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.A.neut.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.A.neut.cVal.ang.f MMXU6.MX.W.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.W.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.W.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VAr.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VAr.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VAr.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VA.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VA.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.VA.phsC.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PF.phsA.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PF.phsB.cVal.mag.f MMXU6.MX.PF.phsC.cVal.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn1.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn2.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn3.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn4.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn5.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn6.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn7.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn8.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn9.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn10.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn11.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn12.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn13.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn14.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn15.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn16.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn17.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn18.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn19.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn20.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn21.mag.f value 0 1 2 3 GOOSE dataset item None GGIO3.ST.Ind1.q GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal GGIO3.ST.Ind2.q value 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 GOOSE dataset item
GGIO4.MX.AnIn22.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn23.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn24.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn25.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn26.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn27.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn28.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn29.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn30.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn31.mag.f GGIO4.MX.AnIn32.mag.f GGIO5.ST.UIntIn1.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn1.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn2.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn2.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn3.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn3.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn4.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn4.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn5.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn5.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn6.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn6.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn7.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn7.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn8.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn8.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn9.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn9.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn10.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn10.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn11.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn11.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn12.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn12.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn13.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn13.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn14.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn14.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn15.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn15.stVal GGIO5.ST.UIntIn16.q GGIO5.ST.UIntIn16.stVal
GE Multilin
B-81
APPENDIX B
130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176
B-82
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
F239 ENUMERATION: REAL TIME CLOCK DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME START DAY INSTANCE
value 0 1 2 3 4 instance First Second Third Fourth Last
3 4 5
F500 UR_UINT16: PACKED BITFIELD First register indicates input/output state with bits 0 (MSB) to 15 (LSB) corresponding to input/output state 1 to 16. The second register indicates input/output state with bits 0 to 15 corresponding to input/output state 17 to 32 (if required) The third register indicates input/output state with bits 0 to 15 corresponding to input/output state 33 to 48 (if required). The fourth register indicates input/output state with bits 0 to 15 corresponding to input/output state 49 to 64 (if required). The number of registers required is determined by the specific data item. A bit value of 0 = Off and 1 = On.
F300 UR_UINT16: FLEXLOGIC BASE TYPE (6-bit type) The FlexLogic BASE type is 6 bits and is combined with a 9 bit descriptor and 1 bit for protection element to form a 16 bit value. The combined bits are of the form: PTTTTTTDDDDDDDDD, where P bit if set, indicates that the FlexLogic type is associated with a protection element state and T represents bits for the BASE type, and D represents bits for the descriptor.
GE Multilin
B-83
APPENDIX B
F501 UR_UINT16: LED STATUS Low byte of register indicates LED status with bit 0 representing the top LED and bit 7 the bottom LED. A bit value of 1 indicates the LED is on, 0 indicates the LED is off.
F502 BITFIELD: ELEMENT OPERATE STATES Each bit contains the operate state for an element. See the F124 format code for a list of element IDs. The operate bit for element ID X is bit [X mod 16] in register [X/16].
3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11
F511 BITFIELD: 3-PHASE SIMPLE ELEMENT STATE 0 = Operate, 1 = Operate A, 2 = Operate B, 3 = Operate C
F505 BITFIELD: CONTACT OUTPUT STATE 0 = Contact State, 1 = Voltage Detected, 2 = Current Detected
0 1 2 3 4
F507 BITFIELD: COUNTER ELEMENT STATE 0 = Count Greater Than, 1 = Count Equal To, 2 = Count Less Than
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
B-84
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
1 2 3 4 5
F517 ENUMERATION: ELEMENT DIRECTION OPERATION 0 = Over, 1 = Under F530 ENUMERATION: FRONT PANEL INTERFACE KEYPRESS
value keypress None Menu Message Up 7 8 9 Help Message Left 4 5 6 Escape Message Right 1 2
~
value 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 31 32
keypress 3 Enter Message Down 0 Decimal +/ Value Up Value Down Reset User 1 User 2 User 3 User PB 1 User PB 2
~
value 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 44 45 46 47
keypress User PB 3 User PB 4 User PB 5 User PB 6 User PB 7 User PB 8 User PB 9 User PB 10 User PB 11 User PB 12 User 4 User 5 User 6 User 7
0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12
13 14
GE Multilin
B-85
APPENDIX B
2 3
2 3 4 5 6 7
F545 ENUMERATION: PMU COM PORT TYPE 0 = Network, 1 = RS485, 2 = Dir Comm Ch1, 3 = Dir Comm Ch2, 4 = GOOSE, 5 = None
F600 UR_UINT16: FLEXANALOG PARAMETER Corresponds to the Modbus address of the value used when this parameter is selected. Only certain values may be used as FlexAnalogs (basically all metering quantities used in protection).
B-86
GE Multilin
APPENDIX B
F612 UR_UINT16: FLEXINTEGER PARAMETER This 16-bit value corresponds to the Modbus address of the selected FlexInteger paramter. Only certain values may be used as FlexIntegers.
GE Multilin
B-87
APPENDIX B
B-88
GE Multilin
The IEC 61850 standard is the result of electric utilities and vendors of electronic equipment to produce standardized communications systems. IEC 61850 is a series of standards describing client/server and peer-to-peer communications, substation design and configuration, testing, environmental and project standards. The complete set includes: IEC 61850-1: Introduction and overview IEC 61850-2: Glossary IEC 61850-3: General requirements IEC 61850-4: System and project management IEC 61850-5: Communications and requirements for functions and device models IEC 61850-6: Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs IEC 61850-7-1: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Principles and models IEC 61850-7-2: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment - Abstract communication service interface (ACSI) IEC 61850-7-3: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Common data classes IEC 61850-7-4: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Compatible logical node classes and data classes IEC 61850-8-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) Mappings to MMS (ISO 9506-1 and ISO 9506-2) and to ISO/IEC 8802-3 IEC 61850-9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) Sampled values over serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link IEC 61850-9-2: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3 IEC 61850-10: Conformance testing
These documents can be obtained from the IEC (http://www.iec.ch). It is strongly recommended that all those involved with any IEC 61850 implementation obtain this document set. C.1.2 COMMUNICATION PROFILES IEC 61850 specifies the use of the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) at the upper (application) layer for transfer of real-time data. This protocol has been in existence for several of years and provides a set of services suitable for the transfer of data within a substation LAN environment. Actual MMS protocol services are mapped to IEC 61850 abstract services in IEC 61850-8-1. The D60 relay supports IEC 61850 server services over both TCP/IP and TP4/CLNP (OSI) communication protocol stacks. The TP4/CLNP profile requires the D60 to have a network address or Network Service Access Point (NSAP) to establish a communication link. The TCP/IP profile requires the D60 to have an IP address to establish communications. These COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK menu. Note that the D60 addresses are located in the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP supports IEC 61850 over the TP4/CLNP or TCP/IP stacks, and also operation over both stacks simultaneously. It is possible to have up to five simultaneous connections (in addition to DNP and Modbus/TCP (non-IEC 61850) connections). Client/server: This is a connection-oriented type of communication. The connection is initiated by the client, and communication activity is controlled by the client. IEC 61850 clients are often substation computers running HMI programs or SOE logging software. Servers are usually substation equipment such as protection relays, meters, RTUs, transformer tap changers, or bay controllers. Peer-to-peer: This is a non-connection-oriented, high speed type of communication usually between substation equipment such as protection relays. GSSE and GOOSE are methods of peer-to-peer communication. Substation configuration language (SCL): A substation configuration language is a number of files used to describe the configuration of substation equipment. Each configured device has an IEC Capability Description (ICD) file. The substation single line information is stored in a System Specification Description (SSD) file. The entire substation configuration is stored in a Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file. The SCD file is the combination of the individual ICD files and the SSD file.
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IEC 61850 defines an object-oriented approach to data and services. An IEC 61850 physical device can contain one or more logical device(s). Each logical device can contain many logical nodes. Each logical node can contain many data objects. Each data object is composed of data attributes and data attribute components. Services are available at each level for performing various functions, such as reading, writing, control commands, and reporting. Each D60 IED represents one IEC 61850 physical device. The physical device contains one logical device, and the logical device contains many logical nodes. The logical node LPHD1 contains information about the D60 IED physical device. The logical node LLN0 contains information about the D60 IED logical device. C.2.2 GGIO1: DIGITAL STATUS VALUES
The GGIO1 logical node is available in the D60 to provide access to as many 128 digital status points and associated timestamps and quality flags. The data content must be configured before the data can be used. GGIO1 provides digital status points for access by clients. It is intended that clients use GGIO1 in order to access digital status values from the D60. Configuration settings are provided to allow the selection of the number of digital status indications available in GGIO1 (8 to 128), and to allow the choice of the D60 FlexLogic operands that drive the status of the GGIO1 status indications. Clients can utilize the IEC 61850 buffered and unbuffered reporting features available from GGIO1 in order to build sequence of events (SOE) logs and HMI display screens. Buffered reporting should generally be used for SOE logs since the buffering capability reduces the chances of missing data state changes. Unbuffered reporting should generally be used for local status display. C.2.3 GGIO2: DIGITAL CONTROL VALUES The GGIO2 logical node is available to provide access to the D60 virtual inputs. Virtual inputs are single-point control (binary) values that can be written by clients. They are generally used as control inputs. GGIO2 provides access to the virtual inputs through the IEC 61850 standard control model (ctlModel) services: Status only. Direct control with normal security. SBO control with normal security.
Configuration settings are available to select the control model for each point. Each virtual input used through GGIO2 should have its VIRTUAL INPUT 1(64) FUNCTION setting programmed as Enabled and its corresponding GGIO2 CF SPSCO1(64) CTLMODEL setting programmed to the appropriate control configuration. C.2.4 GGIO3: DIGITAL STATUS AND ANALOG VALUES FROM RECEIVED GOOSE DATA The GGIO3 logical node is available to provide access for clients to values received via configurable GOOSE messages. The values of the digital status indications and analog values in GGIO3 originate in GOOSE messages sent from other devices. C.2.5 GGIO4: GENERIC ANALOG MEASURED VALUES The GGIO4 logical node provides access to as many as 32 analog value points, as well as associated timestamps and quality flags. The data content must be configured before the data can be used. GGIO4 provides analog values for access by clients. It is intended that clients use GGIO4 to access generic analog values from the D60. Configuration settings allow the selection of the number of analog values available in GGIO4 (4 to 32) and the choice of the FlexAnalog values that determine the value of the GGIO4 analog inputs. Clients can utilize polling or the IEC 61850 unbuffered reporting feature available from GGIO4 in order to obtain the analog values provided by GGIO4.
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A limited number of measured analog values are available through the MMXU logical nodes. Each MMXU logical node provides data from a D60 current and voltage source. There is one MMXU available for each conSYSTEM SETUP SIGNAL SOURCES menu). MMXU1 provides data figurable source (programmed in the SETTINGS from D60 source 1, and MMXU2 provides data from D60 source 2. MMXU data is provided in two forms: instantaneous and deadband. The instantaneous values are updated every time a read operation is performed by a client. The deadband values are calculated as described in IEC 61850 parts 7-1 and 7-3. The selection of appropriate deadband settings for the D60 is described in chapter 5 of this manual. IEC 61850 buffered and unbuffered reporting capability is available in all MMXU logical nodes. MMXUx logical nodes provide the following data for each source: MMXU1.MX.TotW: three-phase real power MMXU1.MX.TotVAr: three-phase reactive power MMXU1.MX.TotVA: three-phase apparent power MMXU1.MX.TotPF: three-phase power factor MMXU1.MX.Hz: frequency MMXU1.MX.PPV.phsAB: phase AB voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.PPV.phsBC: phase BC voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.PPV.phsCA: Phase CA voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.PhV.phsA: phase AG voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.PhV.phsB: phase BG voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.PhV.phsC: phase CG voltage magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.A.phsA: phase A current magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.A.phsB: phase B current magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.A.phsC: phase C current magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.A.neut: ground current magnitude and angle MMXU1.MX.W.phsA: phase A real power MMXU1.MX.W.phsB: phase B real power MMXU1.MX.W.phsC: phase C real power MMXU1.MX.VAr.phsA: phase A reactive power MMXU1.MX.VAr.phsB: phase B reactive power MMXU1.MX.VAr.phsC: phase C reactive power MMXU1.MX.VA.phsA: phase A apparent power MMXU1.MX.VA.phsB: phase B apparent power MMXU1.MX.VA.phsC: phase C apparent power MMXU1.MX.PF.phsA: phase A power factor MMXU1.MX.PF.phsB: phase B power factor MMXU1.MX.PF.phsC: phase C power factor C.2.7 PROTECTION AND OTHER LOGICAL NODES The following list describes the protection elements for all UR-series relays. The D60 relay will contain a subset of protection elements from this list. PDIF: bus differential, transformer instantaneous differential, transformer percent differential
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PIOC: phase instantaneous overcurrent, neutral instantaneous overcurrent, ground instantaneous overcurrent, negative-sequence instantaneous overcurrent. PTOC: phase time overcurrent, neutral time overcurrent, ground time overcurrent, negative-sequence time overcurrent, neutral directional overcurrent, negative-sequence directional overcurrent PTUV: phase undervoltage, auxiliary undervoltage, third harmonic neutral undervoltage PTOV: phase overvoltage, neutral overvoltage, auxiliary overvoltage, negative sequence overvoltage RBRF: breaker failure RREC: autoreclosure RPSB: power swing detection RFLO: fault locator XCBR: breaker control XSWI: circuit switch CSWI: switch controller
The protection elements listed above contain start (pickup) and operate flags. For example, the start flag for PIOC1 is PIOC1.ST.Str.general. The operate flag for PIOC1 is PIOC1.ST.Op.general. For the D60 protection elements, these flags take their values from the pickup and operate FlexLogic operands for the corresponding element. Some protection elements listed above contain directional start values. For example, the directional start value for PDIS1 is PDIS1.ST.Str.dirGeneral. This value is built from the directional FlexLogic operands for the element. The RFLO logical node contains the measurement of the distance to fault calculation in kilometers. This value originates in the fault locator function. The XCBR logical node is directly associated with the breaker control feature. XCBR1.ST.Loc: This is the state of the XCBR1 local/remote switch. A setting is provided to assign a FlexLogic operand to determine the state. When local mode is true, IEC 61850 client commands will be rejected. XCBR1.ST.Opcnt: This is an operation counter as defined in IEC 61850. Command settings are provided to allow the counter to be cleared. XCBR1.ST.Pos: This is the position of the breaker. The breaker control FlexLogic operands are used to determine this state. If the breaker control logic indicates that the breaker, or any single pole of the breaker, is closed, then the breaker position state is on. If the breaker control logic indicates that the breaker is open, then the breaker position state is off. XCBR1.ST.BlkOpn: This is the state of the block open command logic. When true, breaker open commands from IEC 61850 clients will be rejected. XCBR1.ST.BlkCls: This is the state of the block close command logic. When true, breaker close commands from IEC 61850 clients will be rejected. XCBR1.CO.Pos: This is where IEC 61850 clients can issue open or close commands to the breaker. SBO control with normal security is the only supported IEC 61850 control model. XCBR1.CO.BlkOpn: This is where IEC 61850 clients can issue block open commands to the breaker. Direct control with normal security is the only supported IEC 61850 control model. XCBR1.CO.BlkCls: This is where IEC 61850 clients can issue block close commands to the breaker. Direct control with normal security is the only supported IEC 61850 control model.
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IEC 61850 buffered and unbuffered reporting is provided in the GGIO1 logical nodes (for binary status values) and MMXU1 to MMXU6 (for analog measured values). Report settings can be configured using the EnerVista UR Setup software, substation configurator software, or via an IEC 61850 client. The following items can be configured: TrgOps: Trigger options. The following bits are supported by the D60: Bit 1: data-change Bit 4: integrity Bit 5: general interrogation
OptFlds: Option Fields. The following bits are supported by the D60: Bit 1: sequence-number Bit 2: report-time-stamp Bit 3: reason-for-inclusion Bit 4: data-set-name Bit 5: data-reference Bit 6: buffer-overflow (for buffered reports only) Bit 7: entryID (for buffered reports only) Bit 8: conf-revision Bit 9: segmentation
MMS file services are supported to allow transfer of oscillography, event record, or other files from a D60 relay. C.3.3 TIMESTAMPS AND SCANNING The timestamp values associated with all IEC 61850 data items represent the time of the last change of either the value or quality flags of the data item. To accomplish this functionality, all IEC 61850 data items must be regularly scanned for data changes, and the timestamp updated when a change is detected, regardless of the connection status of any IEC 61850 clients. For applications where there is no IEC 61850 client in use, the IEC 61850 SERVER SCANNING setting can be programmed as Disabled. If a client is in use, this setting should be programmed as Enabled to ensure the proper generation of IEC 61850 timestamps. C.3.4 LOGICAL DEVICE NAME The logical device name is used to identify the IEC 61850 logical device that exists within the D60. This name is composed of two parts: the IED name setting and the logical device instance. The complete logical device name is the combination of the two character strings programmed in the IEDNAME and LD INST settings. The default values for these strings are IEDName and LDInst. These values should be changed to reflect a logical naming convention for all IEC 61850 logical devices in the system. C.3.5 LOCATION The LPHD1 logical node contains a data attribute called location (LPHD1.DC.PhyNam.location). This is a character string meant to describe the physical location of the D60. This attribute is programmed through the LOCATION setting and its default value is Location. This value should be changed to describe the actual physical location of the D60.
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IEC 61850 specifies that each logical node can have a name with a total length of 11 characters. The name is composed of: a five or six-character name prefix. a four-character standard name (for example, MMXU, GGIO, PIOC, etc.). a one or two-character instantiation index.
Complete names are of the form xxxxxxPIOC1, where the xxxxxx character string is configurable. Details regarding the logical node naming rules are given in IEC 61850 parts 6 and 7-2. It is recommended that a consistent naming convention be used for an entire substation project. C.3.7 CONNECTION TIMING
A built-in TCP/IP connection timeout of two minutes is employed by the D60 to detect dead connections. If there is no data traffic on a TCP connection for greater than two minutes, the connection will be aborted by the D60. This frees up the connection to be used by other clients. Therefore, when using IEC 61850 reporting, clients should configure report control block items such that an integrity report will be issued at least every 2 minutes (120000 ms). This ensures that the D60 will not abort the connection. If other MMS data is being polled on the same connection at least once every 2 minutes, this timeout will not apply. C.3.8 NON-IEC 61850 DATA The D60 relay makes available a number of non-IEC 61850 data items. These data items can be accessed through the UR MMS domain. IEC 61850 data can be accessed through the standard IEC 61850 logical device. To access the nonIEC data items, the INCLUDE NON-IEC DATA setting must be Enabled. C.3.9 COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE UTILITIES The exact structure and values of the supported IEC 61850 logical nodes can be seen by connecting to a D60 relay with an MMS browser, such as the MMS Object Explorer and AXS4-MMS DDE/OPC server from Sisco Inc.
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C.4 GENERIC SUBSTATION EVENT SERVICES: GSSE AND GOOSE C.4.1 OVERVIEW
IEC 61850 specifies two types of peer-to-peer data transfer services: Generic Substation State Events (GSSE) and Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE). GSSE services are compatible with UCA 2.0 GOOSE. IEC 61850 GOOSE services provide virtual LAN (VLAN) support, Ethernet priority tagging, and Ethertype Application ID configuration. The support for VLANs and priority tagging allows for the optimization of Ethernet network traffic. GOOSE messages can be given a higher priority than standard Ethernet traffic, and they can be separated onto specific VLANs. Because of the additional features of GOOSE services versus GSSE services, it is recommended that GOOSE be used wherever backwards compatibility with GSSE (or UCA 2.0 GOOSE) is not required. Devices that transmit GSSE and/or GOOSE messages also function as servers. Each GSSE publisher contains a GSSE control block to configure and control the transmission. Each GOOSE publisher contains a GOOSE control block to configure and control the transmission. The transmission is also controlled via device settings. These settings can be seen in the ICD and/or SCD files, or in the device configuration software or files. IEC 61850 recommends a default priority value of 4 for GOOSE. Ethernet traffic that does not contain a priority tag has a default priority of 1. More details are specified in IEC 61850 part 8-1. IEC 61850 recommends that the Ethertype Application ID number be configured according to the GOOSE source. In the D60, the transmitted GOOSE Application ID number must match the configured receive Application ID number in the receiver. A common number may be used for all GOOSE transmitters in a system. More details are specified in IEC 61850 part 8-1. C.4.2 GSSE CONFIGURATION IEC 61850 Generic Substation Status Event (GSSE) communication is compatible with UCA GOOSE communication. GSSE messages contain a number of double point status data items. These items are transmitted in two pre-defined data structures named DNA and UserSt. Each DNA and UserSt item is referred to as a bit pair. GSSE messages are transmitted in response to state changes in any of the data points contained in the message. GSSE messages always contain the same number of DNA and UserSt bit pairs. Depending the on the configuration, only some of these bit pairs may have values that are of interest to receiving devices. The GSSE FUNCTION, GSSE ID, and GSSE DESTINATION MAC ADDRESS settings are used to configure GSSE transmission. GSSE FUNCTION is set to Enabled to enable the transmission. If a valid multicast Ethernet MAC address is entered for the GSSE DESTINATION MAC ADDRESS setting, this address will be used as the destination MAC address for GSSE messages. If a valid multicast Ethernet MAC address is not entered (for example, 00 00 00 00 00 00), the D60 will use the source Ethernet MAC address as the destination, with the multicast bit set. C.4.3 FIXED GOOSE The D60 supports two types of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) communication: fixed GOOSE and configurable GOOSE. All GOOSE messages contain IEC 61850 data collected into a dataset. It is this dataset that is transferred using GOOSE message services. The dataset transferred using the D60 fixed GOOSE is the same data that is transferred using the GSSE feature; that is, the DNA and UserSt bit pairs. The FlexLogic operands that determine the state of the DNA and UserSt bit pairs are configurable via settings, but the fixed GOOSE dataset always contains the same DNA/UserSt data structure. Upgrading from GSSE to GOOSE services is simply a matter of enabling fixed GOOSE and disabling GSSE. The remote inputs and outputs are configured in the same manner for both GSSE and fixed GOOSE. It is recommended that the fixed GOOSE be used for implementations that require GOOSE data transfer between URseries IEDs. Configurable GOOSE may be used for implementations that require GOOSE data transfer between UR-series IEDs and devices from other manufacturers. C.4.4 CONFIGURABLE GOOSE The configurable GOOSE feature allows for the configuration of the datasets to be transmitted or received from the D60. The D60 supports the configuration of eight (8) transmission and reception datasets, allowing for the optimization of data transfer between devices.
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Items programmed for dataset 1 and 2 will have changes in their status transmitted as soon as the change is detected. Dataset 1 should be used for high-speed transmission of data that is required for applications such as transfer tripping, blocking, and breaker fail initiate. At least one digital status value needs to be configured in dataset 1 to enable transmission of all data configured for dataset 1. Configuring analog data only to dataset 1 will not activate transmission. Items programmed for datasets 3 through 8 will have changes in their status transmitted at a maximum rate of every 100 ms. Datasets 3 through 8 will regularly analyze each data item configured within them every 100 ms to identify if any changes have been made. If any changes in the data items are detected, these changes will be transmitted through a GOOSE message. If there are no changes detected during this 100 ms period, no GOOSE message will be sent. For all datasets 1 through 8, the integrity GOOSE message will still continue to be sent at the pre-configured rate even if no changes in the data items are detected. The GOOSE functionality was enhanced to prevent the relay from flooding a communications network with GOOSE messages due to an oscillation being created that is triggering a message.
The D60 has the ability of detecting if a data item in one of the GOOSE datasets is erroneously oscillating. This can be caused by events such as errors in logic programming, inputs improperly being asserted and de-asserted, or failed station components. If erroneously oscillation is detected, the D60 will stop sending GOOSE messages from the dataset for a minimum period of one second. Should the oscillation persist after the one second time-out period, the D60 will continue to block transmission of the dataset. The D60 will assert the MAINTENANCE ALERT: GGIO Ind XXX oscill self-test error message on the front panel display, where XXX denotes the data item detected as oscillating. The configurable GOOSE feature is recommended for applications that require GOOSE data transfer between UR-series IEDs and devices from other manufacturers. Fixed GOOSE is recommended for applications that require GOOSE data transfer between UR-series IEDs. IEC 61850 GOOSE messaging contains a number of configurable parameters, all of which must be correct to achieve the successful transfer of data. It is critical that the configured datasets at the transmission and reception devices are an exact match in terms of data structure, and that the GOOSE addresses and name strings match exactly. Manual configuration is possible, but third-party substation configuration software may be used to automate the process. The EnerVista UR Setupsoftware can produce IEC 61850 ICD files and import IEC 61850 SCD files produced by a substation configurator (refer to the IEC 61850 IED configuration section later in this appendix). The following example illustrates the configuration required to transfer IEC 61850 data items between two devices. The general steps required for transmission configuration are: 1. 2. 3. Configure the transmission dataset. Configure the GOOSE service settings. Configure the data.
The general steps required for reception configuration are: 1. 2. 3. Configure the reception dataset. Configure the GOOSE service settings. Configure the data.
This example shows how to configure the transmission and reception of three IEC 61850 data items: a single point status value, its associated quality flags, and a floating point analog value. The following procedure illustrates the transmission configuration. 1. Configure the transmission dataset by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION TRANSMISSION CONFIG GSE 1 DATASET ITEMS settings menu: GOOSE 1 COMMUNICATION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE CONFIGURABLE
Set ITEM 1 to GGIO1.ST.Ind1.q to indicate quality flags for GGIO1 status indication 1. Set ITEM 2 to GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal to indicate the status value for GGIO1 status indication 1.
The transmission dataset now contains a set of quality flags and a single point status Boolean value. The reception dataset on the receiving device must exactly match this structure. 2. Configure the GOOSE service settings by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
IEC 61850 PROTOCOL GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION RABLE GOOSE 1 settings menu: TRANSMISSION COMMUNICATION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE CONFIGU-
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Set CONFIG GSE 1 FUNCTION to Enabled. Set CONFIG GSE 1 ID to an appropriate descriptive string (the default value is GOOSEOut_1). Set CONFIG GSE 1 DST MAC to a multicast address (for example, 01 00 00 12 34 56). Set the CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN PRIORITY; the default value of 4 is OK for this example. Set the CONFIG GSE 1 VLAN ID value; the default value is 0, but some switches may require this value to be 1. Set the CONFIG GSE 1 ETYPE APPID value. This setting represents the Ethertype application ID and must match the configuration on the receiver (the default value is 0). Set the CONFIG GSE 1 CONFREV value. This value changes automatically as described in IEC 61850 part 7-2. For this example it can be left at its default value.
COMMUNICATION IEC 61850 PROTO-
COL
Configure the data by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP GGIO1 STATUS CONFIGURATION settings menu:
Set GGIO1 INDICATION 1 to a FlexLogic operand used to provide the status of GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal (for example, a contact input, virtual input, a protection element status, etc.).
The D60 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The following procedure illustrates the reception configuration. 1. Configure the reception dataset by making the following changes in the PRODUCT SETUP
GSSE/GOOSE CONFIGURATION 61850 PROTOCOL 1 CONFIG GSE 1 DATASET ITEMS settings menu: RECEPTION CONFIGURABLE GOOSE COMMUNICATION IEC CONFIGURABLE GOOSE
Set ITEM 1 to GGIO3.ST.Ind1.q to indicate quality flags for GGIO3 status indication 1. Set ITEM 2 to GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal to indicate the status value for GGIO3 status indication 1.
The reception dataset now contains a set of quality flags, a single point status Boolean value, and a floating point analog value. This matches the transmission dataset configuration above. 2. Configure the GOOSE service settings by making the following changes in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS REMOTE DEVICE 1 settings menu: 3.
REMOTE DEVICES
Set REMOTE DEVICE 1 ID to match the GOOSE ID string for the transmitting device. Enter GOOSEOut_1. Set REMOTE DEVICE 1 ETYPE APPID to match the Ethertype application ID from the transmitting device. This is 0 in the example above. Set the REMOTE DEVICE 1 DATASET value. This value represents the dataset number in use. Since we are using configurable GOOSE 1 in this example, program this value as GOOSEIn 1.
REMOTE INPUTS REMOTE INPUT 1
Configure the data by making the following changes in the INPUTS/OUTPUTS settings menu: Set REMOTE IN 1 DEVICE to GOOSEOut_1.
Set REMOTE IN 1 ITEM to Dataset Item 2. This assigns the value of the GGIO3.ST.Ind1.stVal single point status item to remote input 1.
Remote input 1 can now be used in FlexLogic equations or other settings. The D60 must be rebooted (control power removed and re-applied) before these settings take effect. The value of remote input 1 (Boolean on or off) in the receiving device will be determined by the GGIO1.ST.Ind1.stVal value in the sending device. The above settings will be automatically populated by the EnerVista UR Setup software when a complete SCD file is created by third party substation configurator software. C.4.5 ETHERNET MAC ADDRESS FOR GSSE/GOOSE Ethernet capable devices each contain a unique identifying address called a Media Access Control (MAC) address. This address cannot be changed and is unique for each Ethernet device produced worldwide. The address is six bytes in length and is usually represented as six hexadecimal values (for example, 00 A0 F4 01 02 03). It is used in all Ethernet frames as the source address of the frame. Each Ethernet frame also contains a destination address. The destination address can be different for each Ethernet frame depending on the intended destination of the frame.
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A special type of destination address called a multicast address is used when the Ethernet frame can be received by more than one device. An Ethernet MAC address is multicast when the least significant bit of the first byte is set (for example, 01 00 00 00 00 00 is a multicast address). GSSE and GOOSE messages must have multicast destination MAC addresses. By default, the D60 is configured to use an automated multicast MAC scheme. If the D60 destination MAC address setting is not a valid multicast address (that is, the least significant bit of the first byte is not set), the address used as the destination MAC will be the same as the local MAC address, but with the multicast bit set. Thus, if the local MAC address is 00 A0 F4 01 02 03, then the destination MAC address will be 01 A0 F4 01 02 03. C.4.6 GSSE ID AND GOOSE ID SETTINGS GSSE messages contain an identifier string used by receiving devices to identify the sender of the message, defined in IEC 61850 part 8-1 as GsID. This is a programmable 65-character string. This string should be chosen to provide a descriptive name of the originator of the GSSE message. GOOSE messages contain an identifier string used by receiving devices to identify the sender of the message, defined in IEC 61850 part 8-1 as GoID. This programmable 65-character string should be a descriptive name of the originator of the GOOSE message. GOOSE messages also contain two additional character strings used for identification of the message: DatSet - the name of the associated dataset, and GoCBRef - the reference (name) of the associated GOOSE control block. These strings are automatically populated and interpreted by the D60; no settings are required.
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C.5IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP The D60 can be configured for IEC 61850 via the EnerVista UR Setup software as follows. 1. 2. 3.
An ICD file is generated for the D60 by the EnerVista UR Setup software that describe the capabilities of the IED. The ICD file is then imported into a system configurator along with other ICD files for other IEDs (from GE or other vendors) for system configuration. The result is saved to a SCD file, which is then imported back to EnerVista UR Setup to create one or more settings file(s). The settings file(s) can then be used to update the relay(s) with the new configuration information.
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Process of creating ICD (vendor 2) Process of creating ICD (vendor 3) Process of creating ICD (vendor N)
ICD file 3
ICD file N
Import
SCD file
Updating IED with new configuration (GE Multilin) EnerVista UR Setup Vendor specific tool for updating new configuration to IED (vendor 2) Vendor specific tool for updating new configuration to IED (vendor 3) Vendor specific tool for updating new configuration to IED (vendor N)
URS 1
URS 2
URS X
UR relay 1
UR relay 2
UR relay X
Vendor relay 3
Vendor relay N
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Figure 01: IED CONFIGURATION PROCESS The following acronyms and abbreviations are used in the procedures describing the IED configuration process for IEC 61850: BDA: Basic Data Attribute, that is not structured DAI: Instantiated Data Attribute DO: Data Object type or instance, depending on the context
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C.5 IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP DOI: Instantiated Data Object IED: Intelligent Electronic Device LDInst: Instantiated Logical Device LNInst: Instantiated Logical Node
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SCL: Substation Configuration Description Language. The configuration language is an application of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) version 1.0. SDI: Instantiated Sub DATA; middle name part of a structured DATA name UR: GE Multilin Universal Relay series URI: Universal Resource Identifier URS: UR-series relay setting file XML: Extensible Markup Language
The following SCL variants are also used: ICD: IED Capability Description CID: Configured IED Description SSD: System Specification Description SCD: Substation Configuration Description
The following IEC related tools are referenced in the procedures that describe the IED configuration process for IEC 61850: System configurator or Substation configurator: This is an IED independent system level tool that can import or export configuration files defined by IEC 61850-6. It can import configuration files (ICD) from several IEDs for system level engineering and is used to add system information shared by different IEDs. The system configuration generates a substation related configuration file (SCD) which is fed back to the IED configurator (for example, EnerVista UR Setup) for system related IED configuration. The system configurator should also be able to read a system specification file (SSD) to use as base for starting system engineering, or to compare it with an engineered system for the same substation. IED configurator: This is a vendor specific tool that can directly or indirectly generate an ICD file from the IED (for example, from a settings file). It can also import a system SCL file (SCD) to set communication configuration parameters (that is, required addresses, reception GOOSE datasets, IDs of incoming GOOSE datasets, etc.) for the IED. The IED configurator functionality is implemented in the GE Multilin EnerVista UR Setup software. C.5.2 CONFIGURING IEC 61850 SETTINGS Before creating an ICD file, the user can customize the IEC 61850 related settings for the IED. For example, the IED name and logical device instance can be specified to uniquely identify the IED within the substation, or transmission GOOSE datasets created so that the system configurator can configure the cross-communication links to send GOOSE messages from the IED. Once the IEC 61850 settings are configured, the ICD creation process will recognize the changes and generate an ICD file that contains the updated settings. Some of the IED settings will be modified during they system configuration process. For example, a new IP address may be assigned, line items in a Transmission GOOSE dataset may be added or deleted, or prefixes of some logical nodes may be changed. While all new configurations will be mapped to the D60 settings file when importing an SCD file, all unchanged settings will preserve the same values in the new settings file. These settings can be configured either directly through the relay panel or through the EnerVista UR Setup software (preferred method). The full list of IEC 61850 related settings for are as follows: Network configuration: IP address, IP subnet mask, and default gateway IP address (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > Network menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Server configuration: IED name and logical device instance (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Server Configuration menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Logical node prefixes, which includes prefixes for all logical nodes except LLN0 (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > Logical Node Prefixes menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup).
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MMXU deadbands, which includes deadbands for all available MMXUs. The number of MMXUs is related to the number of CT/VT modules in the relay. There are two MMXUs for each CT/VT module. For example, if a relay contains two CT/VT modules, there will be four MMXUs available (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > MMXU Deadbands menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). GGIO1 status configuration, which includes the number of status points in GGIO1 as well as the potential internal mappings for each GGIO1 indication. However only the number of status points will be used in the ICD creation process (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GGIO1 Status Configuration menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). GGIO2 control configuration, which includes ctlModels for all SPCSOs within GGIO2 (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GGIO2 Control Configuration menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Configurable transmission GOOSE, which includes eight configurable datasets that can be used for GOOSE transmission. The GOOSE ID can be specified for each dataset (it must be unique within the IED as well as across the whole substation), as well as the destination MAC address, VLAN priority, VLAN ID, ETYPE APPID, and the dataset items. The selection of the dataset item is restricted by firmware version; for version 5.7x, only GGIO1.ST.Indx.stVal and GGIO1.ST.Indx.q are valid selection (where x is between 1 to N, and N is determined by number of GGIO1 status points). Although configurable transmission GOOSE can also be created and altered by some third-party system configurators, we recommend configuring transmission GOOSE for GE Multilin IEDs before creating the ICD, and strictly within EnerVista UR Setup software or the front panel display (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GSSE/GOOSE Configuration > Transmission > Tx Configurable GOOSE menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Configurable reception GOOSE, which includes eight configurable datasets that can be used for GOOSE reception. However, unlike datasets for transmission, datasets for reception only contains dataset items, and they are usually created automatically by process of importing the SCD file (access through the Settings > Product Setup > Communications > IEC 61850 > GSSE/GOOSE Configuration > Reception > Rx Configurable GOOSE menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Remote devices configuration, which includes remote device ID (GOOSE ID or GoID of the incoming transmission GOOSE dataset), ETYPE APPID (of the GSE communication block for the incoming transmission GOOSE), and DATASET (which is the name of the associated reception GOOSE dataset). These settings are usually done automatically by process of importing SCD file (access through the Settings > Inputs/Outputs > Remote Devices menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). Remote inputs configuration, which includes device (remote device ID) and item (which dataset item in the associated reception GOOSE dataset to map) values. Only the items with cross-communication link created in SCD file should be mapped. These configurations are usually done automatically by process of importing SCD file (access through the Settings > Inputs/Outputs > Remote Inputs menu tree in EnerVista UR Setup). C.5.3 ABOUT ICD FILES
The SCL language is based on XML, and its syntax definition is described as a W3C XML Schema. ICD is one type of SCL file (which also includes SSD, CID and SCD files). The ICD file describes the capabilities of an IED and consists of four major sections: Header Communication IEDs DataTypeTemplates
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C.5 IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP The root file structure of an ICD file is illustrated below.
SCL Header (id, version, revision, toolID, nameStructure)
APPENDIX C
Communication
DataTypeTemplates
842795A1.CDR
The Header node identifies the ICD file and its version, and specifies options for the mapping of names to signals The Communication node describes the direct communication connection possibilities between logical nodes by means of logical buses (sub-networks) and IED access ports. The communication section is structured as follows.
Communication SubNetwork (name) ConnectedAP (iedName, apName) Address P (type) Text Other P elements
Other P elements
Figure 03: ICD FILE STRUCTURE, COMMUNICATIONS NODE The SubNetwork node contains all access points which can (logically) communicate with the sub-network protocol and without the intervening router. The ConnectedAP node describes the IED access point connected to this sub-network. The Address node contains the address parameters of the access point. The GSE node provides the address element for stating the control block related address parameters, where IdInst is the instance identification of the logical device within the IED on which the control block is located, and cbName is the name of the control block. The IED node describes the (pre-)configuration of an IED: its access points, the logical devices, and logical nodes instantiated on it. Furthermore, it defines the capabilities of an IED in terms of communication services offered and, together with its LNType, instantiated data (DO) and its default or configuration values. There should be only one IED section in an ICD since it only describes one IED.
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APPENDIX C
IED (name, type, manufacture, configVersion) Services DynAssoication GetDirectory GetDateObjectDefinition DataObjectDirectory AccessPoint (name) Server Authentication (none) LDevice (inst) LN0 (InType, InClass, inst) DataSet (name) FCDA (fc, doName, daName, IdInst, prefix, InClass, InInst) Other FCDA elements Other DataSet elements ReportControl (name, datSet, intgPd, rptID, confRev, buffered) TrgOps (dchg) OptFields (seqNum) RptEnabled GetDataSetValue SetDataSetValue DataSetDirectory ConfDataSet (max, maxAttributes) ReadWrite TimerActivatedControl ConfReportControl (max) ConfLogControl (max) GSEDir GOOSE (max) GSSE (max)
GetCBValues
DOI (name) SDI (name) DAI (name) Val Other DOI elements SDI (name) DAI (name) GSEControl (name, datSet, type, confRev, appID) Other GSEControl elements LN (InType, InClass, prefix, inst) DataSet (name) FCDA (IdInst, prefix, InClass, InInst, doName, fc) Other FCDA elements Other DataSet elements ReportControl (name, datSet, intgPd, rptID, confRev, buffered) TrgOps (dchg) Other ReportControl elements DOI (name) SDI (name) DAI (name) Val Other DOI elements SDI (name) DAI (name) Val Other LN elements Text Text OptFields (seqNum) RptEnabled Val Text Text
842797A1.CDR
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APPENDIX C
The DataTypeTemplates node defines instantiable logical node types. A logical node type is an instantiable template of the data of a logical node. A LnodeType is referenced each time that this instantiable type is needed with an IED. A logical node type template is built from DATA (DO) elements, which again have a DO type, which is derived from the DATA classes (CDC). DOs consist of attributes (DA) or of elements of already defined DO types (SDO). The attribute (DA) has a functional constraint, and can either have a basic type, be an enumeration, or a structure of a DAType. The DAType is built from BDA elements, defining the structure elements, which again can be BDA elements of have a base type such as DA.
DataTypeTemplates LNodeType (id, InClass) DO (name, type) Other DO elements
Other LNodeType elements DOType (id, cdc) SDO (name, type) Other SDO elements DA (name, fc, bType, type) Other DA elements Val Text
DAType (id) BDA (name, bType, type) Other BDA elements Other DAType elements EnumType (id) EnumVal (ord) Text
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APPENDIX C
C.5 IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP C.5.4 CREATING AN ICD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP
An ICD file can be created directly from a connected D60 IED or from an offline D60 settings file with the EnerVista UR Setup software using the following procedure: 1. Right-click the connected UR-series relay or settings file and select Create ICD File.
2.
The EnerVista UR Setup will prompt to save the file. Select the file path and enter the name for the ICD file, then click OK to generate the file.
The time to create an ICD file from the offline D60 settings file is typically much quicker than create an ICD file directly from the relay. C.5.5 ABOUT SCD FILES System configuration is performed in the system configurator. While many vendors (including GE Multilin) are working their own system configuration tools, there are some system configurators available in the market (for example, Siemens DIGSI version 4.6 or above and ASE Visual SCL Beta 0.12). Although the configuration tools vary from one vendor to another, the procedure is pretty much the same. First, a substation project must be created, either as an empty template or with some system information by importing a system specification file (SSD). Then, IEDs are added to the substation. Since each IED is represented by its associated ICD, the ICD files are imported into the substation project, and the system configurator validates the ICD files during the importing process. If the ICD files are successfully imported into the substation project, it may be necessary to perform some additional minor steps to attach the IEDs to the substation (see the system configurator manual for details). Once all IEDs are inserted into the substation, further configuration is possible, such as: assigning network addresses to individual IEDs customizing the prefixes of logical nodes creating cross-communication links (configuring GOOSE messages to send from one IED to others)
When system configurations are complete, the results are saved to an SCD file, which contains not only the configuration for each IED in the substation, but also the system configuration for the entire substation. Finally, the SCD file is passed back to the IED configurator (vendor specific tool) to update the new configuration into the IED. The SCD file consists of at least five major sections:
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C.5 IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP Header Substation Communication IED section (one or more) DataTypeTemplates
APPENDIX C
Substation
Communication
DataTypeTemplates
842791A1.CDR
Figure 06: SCD FILE STRUCTURE, SCL (ROOT) NODE Like ICD files, the Header node identifies the SCD file and its version, and specifies options for the mapping of names to signals. The Substation node describes the substation parameters:
Substation PowerSystemResource EquipmentContainer Power Transformer GeneralEquipment
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APPENDIX C
The Communication node describes the direct communication connection possibilities between logical nodes by means of logical buses (sub-networks) and IED access ports. The communication section is structured as follows.
Communication SubNetwork (name) ConnectedAP (IED 1) Address P (type) Text Other P elements GSE (IdInst, cbName) Address P (type) Other GSE elements Other P elements ConnectedAP (IED 2) Address P (type) Text Other P elements GSE (IdInst, cbName) Text
Figure 08: SCD FILE STRUCTURE, COMMUNICATIONS NODE The SubNetwork node contains all access points which can (logically) communicate with the sub-network protocol and without the intervening router. The ConnectedAP node describes the IED access point connected to this sub-network. The Address node contains the address parameters of the access point. The GSE node provides the address element for stating the control block related address parameters, where IdInst is the instance identification of the logical device within the IED on which the control block is located, and cbName is the name of the control block.
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C.5 IEC 61850 IMPLEMENTATION VIA ENERVISTA UR SETUP The IED Section node describes the configuration of an IED.
IED Section (IED 1) AccessPoint (name) Server Authentication (none) LDevice (inst) LN0 (InType, InClass, inst)
APPENDIX C
GSEControl elements
842794A1.CDR
Figure 09: SCD FILE STRUCTURE, IED NODE C.5.6 IMPORTING AN SCD FILE WITH ENERVISTA UR SETUP The following procedure describes how to update the D60 with the new configuration from an SCD file with the EnerVista UR Setup software. 1. Right-click anywhere in the files panel and select the Import Contents From SCD File item.
2.
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APPENDIX C 3.
The software will open the SCD file and then prompt the user to save a UR-series settings file. Select a location and name for the URS (UR-series relay settings) file. If there is more than one GE Multilin IED defined in the SCD file, the software prompt the user to save a UR-series settings file for each IED.
4. 5. 6.
After the URS file is created, modify any settings (if required). To update the relay with the new settings, right-click on the settings file in the settings tree and select the Write Settings File to Device item. The software will prompt for the target device. Select the target device from the list provided and click Send. The new settings will be updated to the selected device.
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SERVICES CLIENT-SERVER ROLES B11 B12 B21 B22 B23 Server side (of Two-party Application-Association) Client side (of Two-party Application-Association) SCSM: IEC 61850-8-1 used SCSM: IEC 61850-9-1 used SCSM: IEC 61850-9-2 used SCSM: other Publisher side Subscriber side Publisher side Subscriber side
UR-FAMILY
Yes
NOTE
c1: shall be "M" if support for LOGICAL-DEVICE model has been declared O: Optional M: Mandatory C.6.2 ACSI MODELS CONFORMANCE STATEMENT
SERVICES IF SERVER SIDE (B11) SUPPORTED M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 M7-8 M7-9 M7-10 M8 M8-1 M8-2 M8-3 Logical device Logical node Data Data set Substitution Setting group control REPORTING Buffered report control sequence-number report-time-stamp reason-for-inclusion data-set-name data-reference buffer-overflow entryID BufTm IntgPd GI Unbuffered report control sequence-number report-time-stamp reason-for-inclusion
SERVER/ PUBLISHER c2 c3 c4 c5 O O O
UR-FAMILY
Yes
Yes
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APPENDIX C
SERVICES M8-4 M8-5 M8-6 M8-7 M8-8 M9 M9-1 M10 M11 data-set-name data-reference BufTm IntgPd GI Logging Log control IntgPd Log Control GOOSE M12-1 M12-2 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 entryID DataReflnc GSSE Multicast SVC Unicast SVC Time File transfer O O O M O O M O O O SERVER/ PUBLISHER
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes Yes
NOTE
c2: shall be "M" if support for LOGICAL-NODE model has been declared c3: shall be "M" if support for DATA model has been declared c4: shall be "M" if support for DATA-SET, Substitution, Report, Log Control, or Time models has been declared c5: shall be "M" if support for Report, GSE, or SMV models has been declared M: Mandatory C.6.3 ACSI SERVICES CONFORMANCE STATEMENT
In the table below, the acronym AA refers to Application Associations (TP: Two Party / MC: Multicast). The c6 to c10 entries are defined in the notes following the table.
SERVICES SERVER (CLAUSE 6) S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 ServerDirectory Associate Abort Release LogicalDeviceDirectory LogicalNodeDirectory GetAllDataValues GetDataValues SetDataValues GetDataDirectory GetDataDefinition TP TP TP TP TP TP TP TP M M M M M M M M O M M Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes APPLICATION ASSOCIATION (CLAUSE 7) AA: TP/MC SERVER/ PUBLISHER UR FAMILY
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APPENDIX C
REPORTING (CLAUSE 14) BUFFERED REPORT CONTROL BLOCK (BRCB) S24 S24-1 S24-2 S24-3 S25 S26 S27 S27-1 S27-2 S27-3 S28 S29 Report data-change (dchg) qchg-change (qchg) data-update (dupd) GetBRCBValues SetBRCBValues Report data-change (dchg) qchg-change (qchg) data-update (dupd) GetURCBValues SetURCBValues LOG CONTROL BLOCK S30 S31 S32 S33 S34 GetLCBValues SetLCBValues LOG QueryLogByTime QueryLogByEntry GetLogStatusValues GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK S35 S36 S37 S38 S39 S40 S41 SendGOOSEMessage GetReference GetGOOSEElementNumber GetGoCBValues SetGoCBValues GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK SendGSSEMessage GetReference MC TP c8 c9 Yes MC TP TP TP TP c8 c9 c9 O O Yes Yes Yes TP TP TP M M M TP TP M M TP TP c6 c6 Yes Yes TP TP TP c6 c6 c6 Yes Yes Yes Yes TP c6 Yes Yes
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APPENDIX C
SERVICES S42 S43 S44 GetGSSEElementNumber GetGsCBValues SetGsCBValues MULTICAST SVC S45 S46 S47 S48 S49 S50 S51 S52 S53 S54 S55 S56 S57 S58 S59 S60 T1 SendMSVMessage GetMSVCBValues SetMSVCBValues UNICAST SVC SendUSVMessage GetUSVCBValues SetUSVCBValues Select SelectWithValue Cancel Operate Command-Termination TimeActivated-Operate GetFile SetFile DeleteFile GetFileAttributeValues Time resolution of internal clock (nearest negative power of 2 in seconds) Time accuracy of internal clock supported TimeStamp resolution (nearest value of 2n in seconds, accoridng to 5.5.3.7.3.3) TP TP TP TP TP TP TP TP TP MC TP TP c10 O O O O O M O O M O O M MC TP TP c10 O O AA: TP/MC TP TP TP SERVER/ PUBLISHER c9 O O
Yes Yes
C
Yes Yes Yes
Yes 20
T2 T3
20
NOTE
c6: shall declare support for at least one (BRCB or URCB) c7: shall declare support for at least one (QueryLogByTime or QueryLogAfter) c8: shall declare support for at least one (SendGOOSEMessage or SendGSSEMessage) c9: shall declare support if TP association is available c10: shall declare support for at least one (SendMSVMessage or SendUSVMessage)
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The UR-series of relays supports IEC 61850 logical nodes as indicated in the following table. Note that the actual instantiation of each logical node is determined by the product order code. For example. the logical node PDIS (distance protection) is available only in the D60 Line Distance Relay. Table C1: IEC 61850 LOGICAL NODES (Sheet 1 of 3)
NODES L: SYSTEM LOGICAL NODES LPHD: Physical device information LLN0: Logical node zero P: LOGICAL NODES FOR PROTECTION FUNCTIONS PDIF: Differential PDIR: Direction comparison PDIS: Distance PDOP: Directional overpower PDUP: Directional underpower PFRC: Rate of change of frequency PHAR: Harmonic restraint PHIZ: Ground detector PIOC: Instantaneous overcurrent PMRI Motor restart inhibition PMSS: Motor starting time supervision POPF: Over power factor PPAM: Phase angle measuring PSCH: Protection scheme PSDE: Sensitive directional earth fault PTEF: Transient earth fault PTOC: Time overcurrent PTOF: Overfrequency PTOV: Overvoltage PTRC: Protection trip conditioning PTTR: Thermal overload PTUC: Undercurrent PTUV: Undervoltage PUPF: Underpower factor PTUF: Underfrequency PVOC: Voltage controlled time overcurrent PVPH: Volts per Hz PZSU: Zero speed or underspeed R: LOGICAL NODES FOR PROTECTION RELATED FUNCTIONS RDRE: Disturbance recorder function RADR: Disturbance recorder channel analogue RBDR: Disturbance recorder channel binary RDRS: Disturbance record handling RBRF: Breaker failure RDIR: Directional element RFLO: Fault locator RPSB: Power swing detection/blocking RREC: Autoreclosing --------Yes --Yes Yes Yes Yes --Yes ----------Yes --------------Yes --Yes Yes Yes --Yes ----------Yes Yes UR-FAMILY
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C.7 LOGICAL NODES Table C1: IEC 61850 LOGICAL NODES (Sheet 3 of 3)
NODES Z: LOGICAL NODES FOR FURTHER POWER SYSTEM EQUIPMENT ZAXN: Auxiliary network ZBAT: Battery ZBSH: Bushing ZCAB: Power cable ZCAP: Capacitor bank ZCON: Converter ZGEN: Generator ZGIL: Gas insulated line ------------------------------UR-FAMILY
APPENDIX C
ZLIN: Power overhead line ZMOT: Motor ZREA: Reactor ZRRC: Rotating reactive component ZSAR: Surge arrestor ZTCF: Thyristor controlled frequency converter ZTRC: Thyristor controlled reactive component
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This document is adapted from the IEC 60870-5-104 standard. For ths section the boxes indicate the following: standard direction; not used; cannot be selected in IEC 60870-5-104 standard. 1. SYSTEM OR DEVICE: System Definition Controlling Station Definition (Master) Controlled Station Definition (Slave) 2. NETWORK CONFIGURATION: Point-to-Point Multiple Point-to-Point 3. PHYSICAL LAYER Transmission Speed (control direction):
Unbalanced Interchange Circuit V.24/V.28 Standard: 100 bits/sec. 200 bits/sec. 300 bits/sec. 600 bits/sec. 1200 bits/sec. Unbalanced Interchange Circuit V.24/V.28 Recommended if >1200 bits/s: 2400 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec. Balanced Interchange Circuit X.24/X.27: 2400 bits/sec. 4800 bits/sec. 9600 bits/sec. 19200 bits/sec. 38400 bits/sec. 56000 bits/sec. 64000 bits/sec.
4.
LINK LAYER
Address Field of the Link: Not Present (Balanced Transmission Only) One Octet Two Octets Structured Unstructured Balanced Transmision Unbalanced Transmission
Frame Length (maximum length, number of octets): Not selectable in companion IEC 60870-5-104 standard
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APPENDIX D
When using an unbalanced link layer, the following ADSU types are returned in class 2 messages (low priority) with the indicated causes of transmission: The standard assignment of ADSUs to class 2 messages is used as follows: A special assignment of ADSUs to class 2 messages is used as follows: 5. APPLICATION LAYER Transmission Mode for Application Data: Mode 1 (least significant octet first), as defined in Clause 4.10 of IEC 60870-5-4, is used exclusively in this companion stanadard. Common Address of ADSU: One Octet Two Octets Information Object Address: One Octet Structured Unstructured
Two Octets (with originator address). Originator address is set to zero if not used. Maximum Length of APDU: 253 (the maximum length may be reduced by the system. Selection of standard ASDUs: For the following lists, the boxes indicate the following: selected in IEC 60870-5-104 standard. Process information in monitor direction
<1> := Single-point information <2> := Single-point information with time tag <3> := Double-point information <4> := Double-point information with time tag <5> := Step position information <6> := Step position information with time tag <7> := Bitstring of 32 bits <8> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag <9> := Measured value, normalized value <10> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag <11> := Measured value, scaled value <12> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag <13> := Measured value, short floating point value <14> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag <15> := Integrated totals <16> := Integrated totals with time tag <17> := Event of protection equipment with time tag <18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag <19> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag <20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_SP_NA_1 M_SP_TA_1 M_DP_NA_1 M_DP_TA_1 M_ST_NA_1 M_ST_TA_1 M_BO_NA_1 M_BO_TA_1 M_ME_NA_1 M_NE_TA_1 M_ME_NB_1 M_NE_TB_1 M_ME_NC_1 M_NE_TC_1 M_IT_NA_1 M_IT_TA_1 M_EP_TA_1 M_EP_TB_1 M_EP_TC_1 M_SP_NA_1
not used;
cannot be
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APPENDIX D
<21> := Measured value, normalized value without quantity descriptor <30> := Single-point information with time tag CP56Time2a <31> := Double-point information wiht time tag CP56Time2a <32> := Step position information with time tag CP56Time2a <33> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag CP56Time2a <34> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag CP56Time2a <35> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a <36> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag CP56Time2a <37> := Integrated totals with time tag CP56Time2a <38> := Event of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a <39> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a
<40> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a
Either the ASDUs of the set <2>, <4>, <6>, <8>, <10>, <12>, <14>, <16>, <17>, <18>, and <19> or of the set <30> to <40> are used. Process information in control direction
<45> := Single command <46> := Double command <47> := Regulating step command <48> := Set point command, normalized value <49> := Set point command, scaled value <50> := Set point command, short floating point value <51> := Bitstring of 32 bits <58> := Single command with time tag CP56Time2a <59> := Double command with time tag CP56Time2a <60> := Regulating step command with time tag CP56Time2a <61> := Set point command, normalized value with time tag CP56Time2a <62> := Set point command, scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a <63> := Set point command, short floating point value with time tag CP56Time2a <64> := Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag CP56Time2a C_SC_NA_1 C_DC_NA_1 C_RC_NA_1 C_SE_NA_1 C_SE_NB_1 C_SE_NC_1 C_BO_NA_1 C_SC_TA_1 C_DC_TA_1 C_RC_TA_1 C_SE_TA_1 C_SE_TB_1 C_SE_TC_1 C_BO_TA_1
Either the ASDUs of the set <45> to <51> or of the set <58> to <64> are used. System information in monitor direction
<70> := End of initialization M_EI_NA_1
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APPENDIX D
File transfer
<120> := File Ready <121> := Section Ready <122> := Call directory, select file, call file, call section <123> := Last section, last segment <124> := Ack file, ack section <125> := Segment <126> := Directory (blank or X, available only in monitor [standard] direction) F_FR_NA_1 F_SR_NA_1 F_SC_NA_1 F_LS_NA_1 F_AF_NA_1 F_SG_NA_1 C_CD_NA_1
Type identifier and cause of transmission assignments (station-specific parameters) In the following table: Shaded boxes are not required. Black boxes are not permitted in this companion standard. Blank boxes indicate functions or ASDU not used. X if only used in the standard direction
TYPE IDENTIFICATION CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION REQUEST BY GROUP <N> COUNTER REQ UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR 46 UNKNOWN INFORMATION OBJECT ADDR 47 UNKNOWN COMMON ADDRESS OF ADSU 45 INTERROGATED BY GROUP <NUMBER> RETURN INFO CAUSED BY LOCAL CMD UNKNOWN CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION 44
NO. <1> <2> <3> <4> <5> <6> <7> <8> <9>
MNEMONIC M_SP_NA_1 M_SP_TA_1 M_DP_NA_1 M_DP_TA_1 M_ST_NA_1 M_ST_TA_1 M_BO_NA_1 M_BO_TA_1 M_ME_NA_1
3 X
5 X
10
11 X
12 X
13
20 to 36 X
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DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC
FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS
DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED
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APPENDIX D
TYPE IDENTIFICATION
NO. <10> <11> <12> <13> <14> <15> <16> <17> <18> <19> <20> <21> <30> <31> <32> <33> <34> <35> <36> <37> <38> <39> <40> <45> <46> <47> <48> <49> <50> <51> <58> <59> <60>
MNEMONIC M_ME_TA_1 M_ME_NB_1 M_ME_TB_1 M_ME_NC_1 M_ME_TC_1 M_IT_NA_1 M_IT_TA_1 M_EP_TA_1 M_EP_TB_1 M_EP_TC_1 M_PS_NA_1 M_ME_ND_1 M_SP_TB_1 M_DP_TB_1 M_ST_TB_1 M_BO_TB_1 M_ME_TD_1 M_ME_TE_1 M_ME_TF_1 M_IT_TB_1 M_EP_TD_1 M_EP_TE_1 M_EP_TF_1 C_SC_NA_1 C_DC_NA_1 C_RC_NA_1 C_SE_NA_1 C_SE_NB_1 C_SE_NC_1 C_BO_NA_1 C_SC_TA_1 C_DC_TA_1 C_RC_TA_1
10
11
12
13
20 to 36
DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC
FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS
DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED
45
D
X X X X X X
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APPENDIX D
NO.
MNEMONIC C_SE_TA_1 C_SE_TB_1 C_SE_TC_1 C_BO_TA_1 M_EI_NA_1*) C_IC_NA_1 C_CI_NA_1 C_RD_NA_1 C_CS_NA_1 C_TS_NA_1 C_RP_NA_1 C_CD_NA_1 C_TS_TA_1 P_ME_NA_1 P_ME_NB_1 P_ME_NC_1 P_AC_NA_1 F_FR_NA_1 F_SR_NA_1 F_SC_NA_1 F_LS_NA_1 F_AF_NA_1 F_SG_NA_1 F_DR_TA_1*)
10
11
12
13
20 to 36
37 to 41
44
45
<61> <62> <63> <64> <70> <100> <101> <102> <103> <104> <105> <106> <107> <110> <111> <112> <113> <120> <121> <122> <123> <124> <125> <126>
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
6.
BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS Station Initialization: Remote initialization Cyclic Data Transmission: Cyclic data transmission Read Procedure: Read procedure
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DEACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION CONFIRMATION
ACTIVATION TERMINATION
REQUEST OR REQUESTED
BACKGROUND SCAN
PERIODIC, CYCLIC
FILE TRANSFER
SPONTANEOUS
DEACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
INITIALIZED
Double transmission of information objects with cause of transmission spontaneous: The following type identifications may be transmitted in succession caused by a single status change of an information object. The particular information object addresses for which double transmission is enabled are defined in a projectspecific list. Single point information: M_SP_NA_1, M_SP_TA_1, M_SP_TB_1, and M_PS_NA_1 Double point information: M_DP_NA_1, M_DP_TA_1, and M_DP_TB_1 Step position information: M_ST_NA_1, M_ST_TA_1, and M_ST_TB_1 Bitstring of 32 bits: M_BO_NA_1, M_BO_TA_1, and M_BO_TB_1 (if defined for a specific project) Measured value, normalized value: M_ME_NA_1, M_ME_TA_1, M_ME_ND_1, and M_ME_TD_1 Measured value, scaled value: M_ME_NB_1, M_ME_TB_1, and M_ME_TE_1 Measured value, short floating point number: M_ME_NC_1, M_ME_TC_1, and M_ME_TF_1 Station interrogation: Global Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Clock synchronization: Clock synchronization (optional, see Clause 7.6) Command transmission: Direct command transmission Direct setpoint command transmission Select and execute command Select and execute setpoint command C_SE ACTTERM used No additional definition Short pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation) Long pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation) Persistent output Supervision of maximum delay in command direction of commands and setpoint commands Maximum allowable delay of commands and setpoint commands: 10 s Transmission of integrated totals: Mode A: Local freeze with spontaneous transmission Mode B: Local freeze with counter interrogation Mode C: Freeze and transmit by counter-interrogation commands Mode D: Freeze by counter-interrogation command, frozen values reported simultaneously Counter read Counter freeze without reset Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group 8 Group 9 Group 10 Group 11 Group 12 Group 13 Group 14 Group 15 Group 16
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D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL Counter freeze with reset Counter reset General request counter Request counter group 1 Request counter group 2 Request counter group 3 Request counter group 4 Parameter loading: Threshold value Smoothing factor Low limit for transmission of measured values High limit for transmission of measured values
APPENDIX D
Parameter activation: Activation/deactivation of persistent cyclic or periodic transmission of the addressed object Test procedure: Test procedure File transfer: File transfer in monitor direction: Transparent file Transmission of disturbance data of protection equipment Transmission of sequences of events Transmission of sequences of recorded analog values File transfer in control direction: Transparent file Background scan: Background scan Acquisition of transmission delay: Acquisition of transmission delay Definition of time outs:
PARAMETER DEFAULT VALUE 30 s 15 s 10 s 20 s REMARKS Timeout of connection establishment Timeout of send or test APDUs Timeout for acknowlegements in case of no data messages t2 < t1 Timeout for sending test frames in case of a long idle state SELECTED VALUE 120 s 15 s 10 s 20 s
t0 t1 t2 t3
Maximum range of values for all time outs: 1 to 255 s, accuracy 1 s Maximum number of outstanding I-format APDUs k and latest acknowledge APDUs (w):
PARAMETER DEFAULT VALUE 12 APDUs 8 APDUs REMARKS Maximum difference receive sequence number to send state variable Latest acknowledge after receiving w I-format APDUs SELECTED VALUE 12 APDUs 8 APDUs
k w
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D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL 1 to 32767 (215 1) APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU 1 to 32767 APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU Recommendation: w should not exceed two-thirds of k.
RFC 2200 suite: RFC 2200 is an official Internet Standard which describes the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet as determined by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). It offers a broad spectrum of actual standards used in the Internet. The suitable selection of documents from RFC 2200 defined in this standard for given projects has to be chosen by the user of this standard. Ethernet 802.3 Serial X.21 interface Other selection(s) from RFC 2200 (list below if selected) D.1.2 POINTS LIST
COMMUNICATIONS The IEC 60870-5-104 data points are configured through the SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP IEC104 POINT LISTS menu. Refer to the Communications section of Chapter 5 for additional details. DNP /
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APPENDIX D
D-10
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The following table provides a Device Profile Document in the standard format defined in the DNP 3.0 Subset Definitions Document. Table E1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 1 of 3) (Also see the IMPLEMENTATION TABLE in the following section) Vendor Name: General Electric Multilin Device Name: UR Series Relay Highest DNP Level Supported: For Requests: Level 2 For Responses: Level 2 Device Function: Master Slave
Notable objects, functions, and/or qualifiers supported in addition to the Highest DNP Levels Supported (the complete list is described in the attached table): Binary Inputs (Object 1) Binary Input Changes (Object 2) Binary Outputs (Object 10) Control Relay Output Block (Object 12) Binary Counters (Object 20) Frozen Counters (Object 21) Counter Change Event (Object 22) Frozen Counter Event (Object 23) Analog Inputs (Object 30) Analog Input Changes (Object 32) Analog Deadbands (Object 34) Time and Date (Object 50) File Transfer (Object 70) Internal Indications (Object 80) Maximum Data Link Frame Size (octets): Transmitted: 292 Received: 292 Maximum Data Link Re-tries: None Fixed at 3 Configurable Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation: Never Always Sometimes Configurable Maximum Application Fragment Size (octets): Transmitted: configurable up to 2048 Received: 2048 Maximum Application Layer Re-tries: None Configurable
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E.1 DEVICE PROFILE DOCUMENT Table E1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 2 of 3) Requires Application Layer Confirmation: Never Always When reporting Event Data When sending multi-fragment responses Sometimes Configurable Timeouts while waiting for: Data Link Confirm: Complete Appl. Fragment: Application Confirm: Complete Appl. Response: Others: Transmission Delay: Need Time Interval: Select/Operate Arm Timeout: Binary input change scanning period: Analog input change scanning period: Counter change scanning period: Frozen counter event scanning period: Unsolicited response notification delay: Unsolicited response retry delay Sends/Executes Control Operations: WRITE Binary Outputs SELECT/OPERATE DIRECT OPERATE DIRECT OPERATE NO ACK Count > 1 Pulse On Pulse Off Latch On Latch Off Queue Clear Queue Never Never Never Never Never Never Never Never Never Never Never Always Always Always Always Always Always Always Always Always Always Always Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Configurable Configurable Configurable Configurable Configurable Configurable Configurable No intentional delay Configurable (default = 24 hrs.) 10 s 8 times per power system cycle 500 ms 500 ms 500 ms 100 ms configurable 0 to 60 sec. None None None None Fixed at ____ Fixed at ____ Fixed at 10 s Fixed at ____ Variable Variable Variable Variable
APPENDIX E
Explanation of Sometimes: Object 12 points are mapped to UR Virtual Inputs. The persistence of Virtual Inputs is determined by the VIRTUAL INPUT X TYPE settings. Both Pulse On and Latch On operations perform the same function in the UR; that is, the appropriate Virtual Input is put into the On state. If the Virtual Input is set to Self-Reset, it will reset after one pass of FlexLogic. The On/Off times and Count value are ignored. Pulse Off and Latch Off operations put the appropriate Virtual Input into the Off state. Trip and Close operations both put the appropriate Virtual Input into the On state.
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APPENDIX E Table E1: DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE (Sheet 3 of 3) Reports Binary Input Change Events when no specific variation requested: Never Only time-tagged Only non-time-tagged Configurable Sends Unsolicited Responses: Never Configurable Only certain objects Sometimes (attach explanation) ENABLE/DISABLE unsolicited Function codes supported Default Counter Object/Variation: No Counters Reported Configurable (attach explanation) Default Object: 20 Default Variation: 1 Point-by-point list attached
Reports time-tagged Binary Input Change Events when no specific variation requested: Never Binary Input Change With Time Binary Input Change With Relative Time Configurable (attach explanation) Sends Static Data in Unsolicited Responses: Never When Device Restarts When Status Flags Change No other options are permitted.
Counters Roll Over at: No Counters Reported Configurable (attach explanation) 16 Bits (Counter 8) 32 Bits (Counters 0 to 7, 9) Other Value: _____ Point-by-point list attached
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The following table identifies the variations, function codes, and qualifiers supported by the D60 in both request messages and in response messages. For static (non-change-event) objects, requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01. Static object requests sent with qualifiers 17 or 28 will be responded with qualifiers 17 or 28. For change-event objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded. Table E2: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE (Sheet 1 of 4)
OBJECT OBJECT VARIATION DESCRIPTION NO. NO. 1 0 Binary Input (Variation 0 is used to request default variation) REQUEST FUNCTION CODES (DEC) 1 (read) 22 (assign class) QUALIFIER CODES (HEX) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 00, 01(start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) RESPONSE FUNCTION CODES (DEC) QUALIFIER CODES (HEX)
Binary Input
129 (response)
00, 01 (start-stop) 17, 28 (index) (see Note 2) 00, 01 (start-stop) 17, 28 (index) (see Note 2)
129 (response)
0 1
Binary Input Change (Variation 0 is used to 1 (read) request default variation) Binary Input Change without Time 1 (read) Binary Input Change with Time Binary Input Change with Relative Time 1 (read) 1 (read)
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2 3 0
129 (response) 130 (unsol. resp.) 129 (response 130 (unsol. resp.)
1 (read)
129 (response)
12
20
Note 1:
129 (response) echo of request 3 (select) 4 (operate) 5 (direct op) 6 (dir. op, noack) 0 Binary Counter 1 (read) 00, 01(start-stop) 7 (freeze) 06(no range, or all) (Variation 0 is used to request default 8 (freeze noack) 07, 08(limited quantity) variation) 9 (freeze clear) 17, 28(index) 10 (frz. cl. noack) 22 (assign class) 1 32-Bit Binary Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 7 (freeze) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 8 (freeze noack) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 9 (freeze clear) 17, 28 (index) 10 (frz. cl. noack) 22 (assign class) A default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. The default variations for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32 are selected via relay settings. Refer to the Communications section in Chapter 5 for details. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size. 1 Control Relay Output Block For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respectively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for changeevent objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts the D60 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.
Note 2:
Note 3:
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RESPONSE QUALIFIER FUNCTION CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index)
00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index)
00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index)
21
22
23
Note 1:
00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 1 32-Bit Frozen Counter 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 2 16-Bit Frozen Counter 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 9 32-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 10 16-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 0 Counter Change Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) to request default variation) 1 32-Bit Counter Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 2 16-Bit Counter Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 5 32-Bit Counter Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 6 16-Bit Counter Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 0 Frozen Counter Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) to request default variation) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 1 32-Bit Frozen Counter Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 2 16-Bit Frozen Counter Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) A default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. The default variations for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32 are selected via relay settings. Refer to the Communications section in Chapter 5 for details. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size. For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respectively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for changeevent objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts the D60 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.
Note 2:
Note 3:
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APPENDIX E
E
32
34
Note 1:
RESPONSE QUALIFIER FUNCTION QUALIFIER CODES (HEX) CODES (DEC) CODES (HEX) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 0 Analog Input (Variation 0 is used to request 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) default variation) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 1 32-Bit Analog Input 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 2 16-Bit Analog Input 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 3 32-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 4 16-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 22 (assign class) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 5 short floating point 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 06(no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08(limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28(index) 0 Analog Change Event (Variation 0 is used 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) to request default variation) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 1 32-Bit Analog Change Event without Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 2 16-Bit Analog Change Event without Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 3 32-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 4 16-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 5 short floating point Analog Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) without Time 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 7 short floating point Analog Change Event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index) with Time 07, 08 (limited quantity) 130 (unsol. resp.) 0 Analog Input Reporting Deadband 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) (Variation 0 is used to request default 06 (no range, or all) variation) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 1 16-bit Analog Input Reporting Deadband 1 (read) 00, 01 (start-stop) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 17, 28 (index) (default see Note 1) 07, 08 (limited quantity) (see Note 2) 17, 28 (index) 2 (write) 00, 01 (start-stop) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) A default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. The default variations for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32 are selected via relay settings. Refer to the Communications section in Chapter 5 for details. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size. For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respectively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for changeevent objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts the D60 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.
Note 2:
Note 3:
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contd
2 (write)
50
1 (read) 2 (write)
QUALIFIER CODES (HEX) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index) 00, 01 (start-stop) 06 (no range, or all) 07 (limited qty=1) 08 (limited quantity) 17, 28 (index)
129 (response)
00, 01 (start-stop) 17, 28 (index) (see Note 2) 00, 01 (start-stop) 17, 28 (index) (see Note 2)
129 (response)
52 60
2 0
Time Delay Fine Class 0, 1, 2, and 3 Data 1 (read) 20 (enable unsol) 21 (disable unsol) 22 (assign class) 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 1 (read) 20 (enable unsol) 21 (disable unsol) 22 (assign class) 1 (read) 22 (assign class) 29 (authenticate) 25 (open) 27 (delete) 26 (close) 30 (abort) 1 (read) 2 (write) 06 (no range, or all)
129 (response)
07 (limited quantity)
(quantity = 1)
1 2 3 4 70 0
Class 0 Data Class 1 Data Class 2 Data Class 3 Data File event - any variation
2 3 4 5 6 7 80 1
File authentication File command File command status File transfer File transfer status File descriptor Internal Indications
06 (no range, or all) 07, 08 (limited quantity) 06 (no range, or all) 5b (free format) 129 (response) 5b (free format) 5b (free format) 5b (free format) 129 (response) 130 (unsol. resp.) 129 (response) 130 (unsol. resp.) 129 (response) 130 (unsol. resp.) 129 (response) 130 (unsol. resp.) 129 (response)
5b (free format)
5b (free format) 5b (free format) 5b (free format) 5b (free format) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00 (start-stop)
(index =7)
------Note 1:
No Object (function code only) see Note 3 No Object (function code only) 14 (warm restart) No Object (function code only) 23 (delay meas.) A default variation refers to the variation responded when variation 0 is requested and/or in class 0, 1, 2, or 3 scans. The default variations for object types 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, and 32 are selected via relay settings. Refer to the Communications section in Chapter 5 for details. This optimizes the class 0 poll data size. For static (non-change-event) objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are only responded when a request is sent with qualifiers 17 or 28, respectively. Otherwise, static object requests sent with qualifiers 00, 01, 06, 07, or 08, will be responded with qualifiers 00 or 01 (for changeevent objects, qualifiers 17 or 28 are always responded.) Cold restarts are implemented the same as warm restarts the D60 is not restarted, but the DNP process is restarted.
Note 2:
Note 3:
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COMMUNICATIONS DNP / IEC104 POINT The DNP binary input data points are configured through the PRODUCT SETUP LISTS BINARY INPUT / MSP POINTS menu. Refer to the Communications section of Chapter 5 for additional details. When a freeze function is performed on a binary counter point, the frozen value is available in the corresponding frozen counter point.
BINARY INPUT POINTS Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 1 Change Event Object Number: 2 Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 22 (assign class) Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Input with status), Configurable Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Input Change with Time), Configurable Change Event Scan Rate: 8 times per power system cycle Change Event Buffer Size: 500 Default Class for All Points: 1
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APPENDIX E
E.2 DNP POINT LISTS E.2.2 BINARY AND CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT
Supported Control Relay Output Block fields: Pulse On, Pulse Off, Latch On, Latch Off, Paired Trip, Paired Close. BINARY OUTPUT STATUS POINTS Object Number: 10 Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read) Default Variation reported when Variation 0 requested: 2 (Binary Output Status) CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT BLOCKS Object Number: 12 Request Function Codes supported: 3 (select), 4 (operate), 5 (direct operate), 6 (direct operate, noack)
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The following table lists both Binary Counters (Object 20) and Frozen Counters (Object 21). When a freeze function is performed on a Binary Counter point, the frozen value is available in the corresponding Frozen Counter point. BINARY COUNTERS Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 20 Change Event Object Number: 22 Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 7 (freeze), 8 (freeze noack), 9 (freeze and clear), 10 (freeze and clear, noack), 22 (assign class)
Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Binary Counter with Flag) Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Counter Change Event without time) Change Event Buffer Size: 10 Default Class for all points: 3 FROZEN COUNTERS Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 21 Change Event Object Number: 23 Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read) Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Frozen Counter with Flag)
Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Frozen Counter Event without time) Change Event Buffer Size: 10 Default Class for all points: 3
A counter freeze command has no meaning for counters 8 and 9. D60 Digital Counter values are represented as 32-bit integers. The DNP 3.0 protocol defines counters to be unsigned integers. Care should be taken when interpreting negative counter values.
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APPENDIX E
LISTS
COMMUNICATIONS DNP / IEC104 POINT The DNP analog input data points are configured through the PRODUCT SETUP ANALOG INPUT / MME POINTS menu. Refer to the Communications section of Chapter 5 for additional details.
It is important to note that 16-bit and 32-bit variations of analog inputs are transmitted through DNP as signed numbers. Even for analog input points that are not valid as negative values, the maximum positive representation is 32767 for 16-bit values and 2147483647 for 32-bit values. This is a DNP requirement. The deadbands for all Analog Input points are in the same units as the Analog Input quantity. For example, an Analog Input quantity measured in volts has a corresponding deadband in units of volts. This is in conformance with DNP Technical Bulletin 9809-001: Analog Input Reporting Deadband. Relay settings are available to set default deadband values according to data type. Deadbands for individual Analog Input Points can be set using DNP Object 34.
Static (Steady-State) Object Number: 30 Change Event Object Number: 32 Request Function Codes supported: 1 (read), 2 (write, deadbands only), 22 (assign class) Static Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (32-Bit Analog Input) Change Event Variation reported when variation 0 requested: 1 (Analog Change Event without Time) Change Event Scan Rate: defaults to 500 ms Change Event Buffer Size: 256 Default Class for all Points: 2
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APPENDIX E
E-12
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APPENDIX F
F-2
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APPENDIX F Table F3: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION U1 (Sheet 2 of 2)
PAGE (T1) 3-14 4-1 5-8 5-21 5-37 5-66 5-70 5-74 --5-102 5-127 5-135 5-161 5-167 5-180 5-195 --5-209 5-214 5-218 5-238 5-242 5-243 5-268 ------6-21 7-2 7-7 --8-24 --B-9 B-67 PAGE (U1) 3-14 4-1 5-8 5-21 5-38 5-67 5-71 5-75 5-90 5-103 5-128 5-137 5-163 5-170 5-183 5-198 5-202 5-215 5-221 5-225 5-245 5-249 5-250 5-277 5-289 5-290 6-8 6-21 7-3 7-8 8-1 9-24 A-10 B-9 B-68 CHANGE Update Update Update Update Update Update Update Update Add Update Update Update Update Update Update Update Add Update Update Update Update Update Update Update Add Add Add Update Update Update Add Update Add Update Update DESCRIPTION Updated CONTACT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS section Updated USING SETTINGS FILES section Updated SECURITY section Updated IEC 61850 PROTOCOL sub-section Updated OSCILLOGRAPHY section Updated POWER SYSTEM section Updated BREAKERS section Updated DISCONNECT SWITCHES section Added USER TRIGGERING sub-section Updated FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS table Updated PHASE DISTANCE sub-section Updated GROUND DISTANCE sub-section Updated PHASE INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT section Updated NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT section
Updated NEGATIVE-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT section Updated PHASE OVERVOLTAGE section Added COMPENSATED OVERVOLTAGE section Updated TRIP OUTPUT section Updated SYNCHROCHECK section Updated AUTORECLOSE section Updated BREAKER FLASHOVER section Updated VT FUSE FAILURE section Updated OPEN POLE DETECTOR section Updated CONTACT OUTPUTS section Added IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS section Added IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS section Added IEC 61850 GOOSE INTEGERS section Updated PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT RECORDS section Updated RELAY MAINTENANCE section Updated MINOR SELF-TEST ERRORS section Added SECURITY chapter Updated PHASE SELECTION section Added FLEXINTEGER ITEMS section Updated MODBUS MEMORY MAP section Updated DATA FORMATS section
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F.1 CHANGE NOTES Table F4: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION T1 (Sheet 2 of 2)
PAGE (S3) --5-20 --5-99 --5.283 --B-9 PAGE (T1) 5-11 5-21 5-64 5-102 5-273 5-287 6-4 B-9 CHANGE Add Update Add Update Add Update Add Update DESCRIPTION Added DUAL PERMISSION SECURITY ACCESS section Updated IEC 61850 PROTOCOL section Added REMOTE RESOURCES section Update FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS table Added REMOTE DOUBLE-POINT STATUS INPUTS section Updated TEST MODE section Added REMOTE DOUBLE-POINT STATUS INPUTS section Updated MODBUS MEMORY MAP section
APPENDIX F
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APPENDIX F Table F7: MAJOR UPDATES FOR D60 MANUAL REVISION S1 (Sheet 2 of 2)
PAGE (R3) 5-62 --5-90 ----B-9 PAGE (S1) 5-67 5-71 5-99 6-9 6-21 B-9 CHANGE Update Add Update Add Add Update DESCRIPTION Updated BREAKERS section Added DISCONNECT SWITCHES section Updated FLEXLOGIC OPERANDS table Added ETHERNET SWITCH section Added PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT RECORDS section Update MODBUS MEMORY MAP section for revision 5.5x
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APPENDIX F
MVAR ............. MegaVar (total 3-phase) MVAR_A......... MegaVar (phase A) MVAR_B......... MegaVar (phase B) MVAR_C ........ MegaVar (phase C) MVARH .......... MegaVar-Hour MW................. MegaWatt (total 3-phase) MW_A ............ MegaWatt (phase A) MW_B ............ MegaWatt (phase B) MW_C ............ MegaWatt (phase C) MWH .............. MegaWatt-Hour N..................... Neutral N/A, n/a .......... Not Applicable NEG ............... Negative NMPLT ........... Nameplate NOM............... Nominal NSAP ............. Network Service Access Protocol NTR................ Neutral O .................... Over OC, O/C ......... Overcurrent O/P, Op........... Output OP .................. Operate OPER ............. Operate OPERATG...... Operating O/S ................. Operating System OSI ................. Open Systems Interconnect OSB................ Out-of-Step Blocking OUT................ Output OV .................. Overvoltage OVERFREQ ... Overfrequency OVLD ............. Overload P..................... Phase PC .................. Phase Comparison, Personal Computer PCNT ............. Percent PF................... Power Factor (total 3-phase) PF_A .............. Power Factor (phase A) PF_B .............. Power Factor (phase B) PF_C .............. Power Factor (phase C) PFLL............... Phase and Frequency Lock Loop PHS................ Phase PICS............... Protocol Implementation & Conformance Statement PKP ................ Pickup PLC ................ Power Line Carrier POS................ Positive POTT.............. Permissive Over-reaching Transfer Trip PRESS ........... Pressure PRI ................. Primary PROT ............. Protection PSEL .............. Presentation Selector pu ................... Per Unit PUIB............... Pickup Current Block PUIT ............... Pickup Current Trip PUSHBTN ...... Pushbutton PUTT.............. Permissive Under-reaching Transfer Trip PWM .............. Pulse Width Modulated PWR............... Power QUAD............. Quadrilateral R..................... Rate, Reverse RCA................ Reach Characteristic Angle REF ................ Reference REM ............... Remote REV................ Reverse RI.................... Reclose Initiate RIP ................. Reclose In Progress RGT BLD........ Right Blinder ROD ............... Remote Open Detector RST ................ Reset RSTR ............. Restrained RTD................ Resistance Temperature Detector RTU................ Remote Terminal Unit RX (Rx) .......... Receive, Receiver s ..................... second S..................... Sensitive
F.2 ABBREVIATIONS
SAT .................CT Saturation SBO ................Select Before Operate SCADA ...........Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SEC ................Secondary SEL .................Select / Selector / Selection SENS ..............Sensitive SEQ ................Sequence SIR..................Source Impedance Ratio SNTP ..............Simple Network Time Protocol SRC ................Source SSB.................Single Side Band SSEL...............Session Selector STATS.............Statistics SUPN..............Supervision SUPV ..............Supervise / Supervision SV ...................Supervision, Service SYNC..............Synchrocheck SYNCHCHK....Synchrocheck T......................Time, transformer TC ...................Thermal Capacity TCP.................Transmission Control Protocol TCU ................Thermal Capacity Used TD MULT ........Time Dial Multiplier TEMP..............Temperature TFTP...............Trivial File Transfer Protocol THD ................Total Harmonic Distortion TMR ................Timer TOC ................Time Overcurrent TOV ................Time Overvoltage TRANS............Transient TRANSF .........Transfer TSEL...............Transport Selector TUC ................Time Undercurrent TUV.................Time Undervoltage TX (Tx)............Transmit, Transmitter U .....................Under UC...................Undercurrent UCA ................Utility Communications Architecture UDP ................User Datagram Protocol UL ...................Underwriters Laboratories UNBAL............Unbalance UR...................Universal Relay URC ................Universal Recloser Control .URS ...............Filename extension for settings files UV...................Undervoltage V/Hz ................Volts per Hertz V_0 .................Zero Sequence voltage V_1 .................Positive Sequence voltage V_2 .................Negative Sequence voltage VA ...................Phase A voltage VAB.................Phase A to B voltage VAG ................Phase A to Ground voltage VARH ..............Var-hour voltage VB ...................Phase B voltage VBA.................Phase B to A voltage VBG ................Phase B to Ground voltage VC...................Phase C voltage VCA ................Phase C to A voltage VCG ................Phase C to Ground voltage VF ...................Variable Frequency VIBR ...............Vibration VT ...................Voltage Transformer VTFF...............Voltage Transformer Fuse Failure VTLOS ............Voltage Transformer Loss Of Signal WDG ...............Winding WH..................Watt-hour w/ opt ..............With Option WRT................With Respect To X .....................Reactance XDUCER.........Transducer XFMR..............Transformer Z......................Impedance, Zone
GE Multilin
F-7
GE Multilin is not liable for special, indirect or consequential damages or for loss of profit or for expenses sustained as a result of a relay malfunction, incorrect application or adjustment. For complete text of Warranty (including limitations and disclaimers), refer to GE Multilin Standard Conditions of Sale.
F-8
GE Multilin
INDEX
Index
Numerics
10BASE-F communications options ................................................. 3-22 description .................................................................... 3-25 interface ........................................................................ 3-35 redundant option ........................................................... 3-22 settings ......................................................................... 5-16
A
ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... F-6 AC CURRENT INPUTS ................................... 2-17, 3-12, 5-66 AC VOLTAGE INPUTS .............................................2-17, 3-13 ACTIVATING THE RELAY ........................................1-17, 4-27 ACTIVE SETTING GROUP ............................................. 5-124 ACTUAL VALUES maintenance ................................................................. 6-22 metering ........................................................................ 6-10 product information ........................................................ 6-23 records ......................................................................... 6-20 status .............................................................................. 6-3 ALARM LEDs ................................................................... 5-43 ANSI DEVICE NUMBERS ................................................... 2-2 APPARENT POWER ................................................2-16, 6-15 APPLICATION EXAMPLES breaker trip circuit integrity .......................................... 5-239 contact inputs .............................................................. 5-276 pilot schemes ................................................................ 10-6 series compensated lines ..................................... 9-18, 10-11 stepped distance scheme ............................................... 10-2 APPROVALS ................................................................... 2-23 ARCHITECTURE ........................................................... 5-101 ARCING CURRENT ....................................................... 5-243 AUTORECLOSE actual values ................................................................... 6-5 description .................................................................. 5-226 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-103 logic ....................................................... 5-233, 5-234, 5-235 Modbus registers .................................................. B-15, B-34 sequence .................................................................... 5-236 settings ............................. 5-225, 5-228, 5-229, 5-231, 5-232 specifications ................................................................ 2-14 AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-103 logic ............................................................................ 5-202 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-40 settings ....................................................................... 5-202 specifications ................................................................ 2-13 AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-103 logic ............................................................................ 5-201 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-41 settings ....................................................................... 5-201 specifications ................................................................ 2-13 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE CHANNEL ..................................... 3-13 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE METERING ................................... 6-15
BINARY INPUT POINTS .................................................... E-8 BINARY OUTPUT POINTS ................................................. E-9 BLOCK DIAGRAM .............................................................. 1-3 BLOCK SETTING ............................................................... 5-5 BLOCKING SCHEME application of settings .................................................... 10-8 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-269 settings ............................................................ 5-266, 5-267 BREAKER ARCING CURRENT actual values ................................................................. 6-22 clearing .................................................................. 5-14, 7-2 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-103 logic ............................................................................ 5-244 measurement ............................................................... 5-243 Modbus registers ................................................. B-14, B-38 settings ....................................................................... 5-242 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 BREAKER CONTROL control of 2 breakers ...................................................... 4-24 description ..................................................................... 4-23 dual breaker logic ................................................. 5-73, 5-74 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-104 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-24 settings ......................................................................... 5-71 BREAKER FAILURE description ................................................................... 5-187 determination ............................................................... 5-188 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-104 logic ............................................ 5-191, 5-192, 5-193, 5-194 main path sequence ..................................................... 5-188 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-41 settings ............................................................ 5-186, 5-189 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 BREAKER FLASHOVER FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-103 logic ............................................................................ 5-248 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-14 settings ....................................................................... 5-245 specifications ................................................................. 2-14 BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME ...................................... 5-6 BRIGHTNESS .................................................................. 5-12
C
C37.94 COMMUNICATIONS ........................... 3-36, 3-37, 3-39 C37.94SM COMMUNICATIONS ........................................ 3-38 CE APPROVALS .............................................................. 2-23 CHANGES TO D60 MANUAL ..............................................F-2 CHANGES TO MANUAL ............................................. F-4, F-5 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION .......................................... 3-29 CHANNEL TESTS .............................................................. 6-8 CHANNELS banks ................................................................... 5-66, 5-67 CIRCUIT MONITORING APPLICATIONS ......................... 5-237 CLEANING ....................................................................... 2-23 CLEAR RECORDS .................................................... 5-14, 7-2 CLEAR RELAY RECORDS Modbus registers .......................................................... B-59 settings ......................................................................... 5-14 CLOCK setting date and time ........................................................ 7-2 settings ......................................................................... 5-35 COMMANDS MENU ............................................................ 7-1 COMMUNICATIONS
B
BANKS ............................................................. 5-6, 5-66, 5-67 BATTERY FAILURE ........................................................... 7-8
GE Multilin
INDEX
10BASE-F ....................................................3-22, 3-25, 5-16 channel ......................................................................... 3-29 connecting to the UR .............................................. 1-8, 1-15 CRC-16 error checking .................................................... B-2 dnp ........................................................................ 5-17, E-1 G.703 ............................................................................ 3-31 half duplex ...................................................................... B-1 HTTP ............................................................................ 5-32 IEC 60870-5-104 protocol .............................................. 5-32 IEC 61850 ................................................................... 5-281 inter-relay communications ............................................. 2-21 Modbus .................................................. 5-16, 5-34, B-1, B-3 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-19 network ......................................................................... 5-16 overview ........................................................................ 1-16 RS232 ........................................................................... 3-22 RS485 ..........................................................3-22, 3-24, 5-15 settings ...................................... 5-16, 5-17, 5-22, 5-32, 5-34 specifications........................................................ 2-19, 2-21 UCA/MMS ................................................................... 5-283 web server..................................................................... 5-32 COMPENSATED OVERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-104 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-24 settings ....................................................................... 5-203 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 COMTRADE ............................................................... B-6, B-7 CONDUCTED RFI ............................................................ 2-22 CONTACT INFORMATION .................................................. 1-1 CONTACT INPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-3 dry connections ............................................................. 3-19 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-110 Modbus registers ............................... B-11, B-16, B-52, B-54 settings ....................................................................... 5-275 specifications ................................................................. 2-17 thresholds ................................................................... 5-275 wet connections ............................................................. 3-19 CONTACT OUTPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-4 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-110 Modbus registers .........................................B-11, B-16, B-57 settings ....................................................................... 5-278 CONTROL ELEMENTS ................................................... 5-206 CONTROL POWER description..................................................................... 3-12 specifications ................................................................. 2-19 CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-103 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-59 settings ......................................................................... 5-45 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 COUNTERS actual values ................................................................... 6-6 settings ....................................................................... 5-240 CRC ALARM .................................................................... 5-61 CRC-16 ALGORITHM ........................................................ B-2 CRITICAL FAILURE RELAY ..................................... 2-18, 3-11 CSA APPROVAL .............................................................. 2-23 CT BANKS settings ......................................................................... 5-66 CT INPUTS ...................................................... 3-13, 5-6, 5-66 CT WIRING ...................................................................... 3-13 CURRENT BANK ............................................................. 5-66 CURRENT METERING actual values ................................................................. 6-13 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-11 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 CURVES definite time ...................................................... 5-160, 5-195 FlexCurves ...................................................... 5-78, 5-160 I2T ............................................................................... 5-160 IAC .............................................................................. 5-159 IEC .............................................................................. 5-158 IEEE ............................................................................ 5-157 inverse time undervoltage ............................................. 5-195 types ........................................................................... 5-156
D
DATA FORMATS, MODBUS ............................................. B-68 DATA LOGGER clearing ...................................................................5-14, 7-2 Modbus ........................................................................... B-7 Modbus registers .................................................. B-11, B-21 settings ..........................................................................5-40 specifications .................................................................2-16 via COMTRADE .............................................................. B-6 DATE ................................................................................ 7-2 DCMA INPUTS .................................................................6-19 Modbus registers .................................................. B-17, B-38 settings ........................................................................ 5-292 specifications .................................................................2-17 DCMA OUTPUTS description .....................................................................3-21 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-44 settings ........................................................................ 5-295 specifications .................................................................2-19 DEFINITE TIME CURVE ...................................... 5-160, 5-195 DESIGN ............................................................................ 1-3 DEVICE ID ..................................................................... 5-281 DEVICE PROFILE DOCUMENT .......................................... E-1 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH .................................................3-11 DIGITAL COUNTERS actual values ................................................................... 6-6 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-104 logic ............................................................................ 5-241 Modbus registers .................................................. B-10, B-47 settings ........................................................................ 5-240 DIGITAL ELEMENTS application example ...................................................... 5-238 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-237 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-42 settings ........................................................................ 5-237 DIGITAL OUTPUTS see entry for CONTACT OUTPUTS DIMENSIONS ............................................................. 3-1, 3-2 DIRECT DEVICES actual values ................................................................... 6-8 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-19 settings ........................................................................ 5-285 DIRECT I/O see also DIRECT INPUTS and DIRECT OUTPUTS application example ........................................... 5-286, 5-287 configuration examples ........................ 5-55, 5-58, 5-61, 5-62 settings ..............................................5-55, 5-61, 5-62, 5-285 DIRECT INPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-7 application example ........................................... 5-286, 5-287 clearing counters ............................................................. 7-2 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-110 Modbus registers ....................... B-11, B-19, B-45, B-59, B-60 settings ........................................................................ 5-285
ii
GE Multilin
INDEX
specifications ................................................................ 2-17 DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS error messages ............................................................... 7-8 DIRECT OUTPUTS application example ........................................... 5-286, 5-287 clearing counters ............................................................. 7-2 Modbus registers ................................ B-11, B-45, B-59, B-60 settings ....................................................................... 5-285 DIRECT UNDERREACH TRANSER TRIP see entry for DUTT DIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTIC ..................................... 9-4 DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON BLOCKING Modbus registers ........................................................... B-34 see BLOCKING SCHEME DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON UNBLOCKING see UNBLOCKING SCHEME DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL entries DIRECTIONAL POLARIZATION ...................................... 5-166 DISCONNECT SWITCH FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-109 logic .............................................................................. 5-77 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-39 settings ......................................................................... 5-75 DISPLAY ........................................................ 1-16, 4-23, 5-12 DISTANCE analysis of elements ........................................................ 9-7 characteristics ................................................................. 9-2 ground ................................................................ 2-11, 5-137 mho characteristic ............................................. 5-130, 5-132 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-36 phase .................................................................. 2-10, 5-128 quad characteristic ................................. 5-131, 5-132, 5-139 settings ....................................................................... 5-127 stepped distance ........................................................... 10-2 DISTURBANCE DETECTOR FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-109 internal ......................................................................... 5-69 DNA-1 BIT PAIR ............................................................ 5-283 DNP COMMUNICATIONS binary counters ............................................................. E-10 binary input points ........................................................... E-8 binary output points ......................................................... E-9 control relay output blocks ............................................... E-9 device profile document ................................................... E-1 frozen counters ............................................................. E-10 implementation table ....................................................... E-4 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-20 settings ......................................................................... 5-17 DUPLEX, HALF .................................................................. B-1 DUTT application of settings .................................................... 10-6 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-255 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-32 settings ....................................................................... 5-253 DYNAMIC REACH CONTROL ........................................... 9-19 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-13 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 ENERGY METERING, CLEARING ..................................... 5-14 ENERVISTA UR SETUP creating a site list ............................................................ 4-1 event recorder ................................................................. 4-2 firmware upgrades ........................................................... 4-2 installation ....................................................................... 1-5 introduction ..................................................................... 4-1 oscillography ................................................................... 4-2 overview .......................................................................... 4-1 requirements ................................................................... 1-5 EQUATIONS definite time curve ............................................ 5-160, 5-195 FlexCurve ................................................................. 5-160 It curves ..................................................................... 5-160 IAC curves ................................................................... 5-159 IEC curves ................................................................... 5-158 IEEE curves ................................................................. 5-157 EQUIPMENT MISMATCH ERROR ....................................... 7-7 ETHERNET actual values ................................................................... 6-7 configuration .................................................................... 1-8 error messages ................................................................ 7-9 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-11 quick connect ................................................................ 1-10 settings ......................................................................... 5-16 ETHERNET SWITCH actual values ................................................................... 6-9 configuration .................................................................. 3-41 hardware ....................................................................... 3-40 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-21 overview ........................................................................ 3-40 saving setting files ......................................................... 3-42 settings ......................................................................... 5-34 uploading setting files .................................................... 3-42 EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS .................................. 4-15, 4-16 EVENT RECORDER actual values ................................................................. 6-20 clearing .................................................................. 5-14, 7-2 Modbus .......................................................................... B-7 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-17 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 via EnerVista software ..................................................... 4-2 EVENTS SETTING ............................................................. 5-5 EXCEPTION RESPONSES ................................................ B-5
F
F485 ................................................................................ 1-16 FACEPLATE ............................................................... 3-1, 3-2 FACEPLATE PANELS ............................................. 4-13, 4-23 FAST FORM-C RELAY ..................................................... 2-18 FAST TRANSIENT TESTING ............................................ 2-22 FAULT LOCATOR logic .............................................................................. 9-38 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-14 operation ....................................................................... 9-36 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 FAULT REPORT actual values ................................................................. 6-20 clearing .................................................................. 5-14, 7-2 Modbus .......................................................................... B-7 Modbus registers ................................................. B-17, B-21 settings ......................................................................... 5-36 FAULT REPORTS
E
EGD PROTOCOL actual values ................................................................. 6-22 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE ....................................... 2-22 ELEMENTS ....................................................................... 5-4 ENERGY METERING actual values ................................................................. 6-16
GE Multilin
iii
INDEX
Modbus registers ...........................................................B-44 FAULT TYPE ................................................................... 9-36 FAX NUMBERS .................................................................. 1-1 FEATURES ........................................................................ 2-1 Fiber ................................................................................ 3-29 FIRMWARE REVISION ..................................................... 6-23 FIRMWARE UPGRADES .................................................... 4-2 FLASH MESSAGES ......................................................... 5-12 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS actual values ................................................................... 6-6 Modbus registers ..................................................B-16, B-42 settings ......................................................................... 5-52 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 FLEXCURVES equation ...................................................................... 5-160 Modbus registers ..................................................B-25, B-47 settings ......................................................................... 5-78 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 table .............................................................................. 5-78 FLEXELEMENTS actual values ................................................................. 6-17 direction ...................................................................... 5-121 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-105 hysteresis .................................................................... 5-121 Modbus registers ..................................................B-43, B-46 pickup ......................................................................... 5-121 scheme logic ............................................................... 5-120 settings .................................................. 5-119, 5-120, 5-122 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 FLEXLOGIC locking to a serial number ....................................... 4-9, 8-11 FLEXLOGIC editing with EnerVista UR Setup ....................................... 4-2 equation editor ............................................................ 5-118 error messages ................................................................ 7-7 evaluation.................................................................... 5-113 example ............................................................5-101, 5-114 example equation ........................................................ 5-208 gate characteristics ...................................................... 5-112 locking equation entries .......................................... 4-8, 8-10 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-26 operands ...........................................................5-102, 5-103 operators ..................................................................... 5-113 rules ............................................................................ 5-113 security .................................................................. 4-8, 8-10 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 timers .......................................................................... 5-118 worksheet .................................................................... 5-115 FLEXLOGIC EQUATION EDITOR ................................ 5-118 FLEXLOGIC TIMERS Modbus registers ...........................................................B-27 settings ....................................................................... 5-119 FORCE CONTACT INPUTS ............................................ 5-299 FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS ......................................... 5-300 FORCE TRIGGER ............................................................ 6-21 FORM-A RELAY high impedance circuits .................................................. 3-15 outputs .........................................................3-14, 3-15, 3-19 specifications ................................................................. 2-18 FORM-C RELAY outputs ................................................................. 3-14, 3-19 specifications ................................................................. 2-18 FREQUENCY METERING actual values ................................................................. 6-16 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-13 settings ......................................................................... 5-68 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 FREQUENCY TRACKING ........................................ 5-68, 6-17 FREQUENCY, NOMINAL ..................................................5-67 FUNCTION SETTING ......................................................... 5-4 FUSE ...............................................................................2-18 FUSE FAILURE see VT FUSE FAILURE
G
G.703 .................................................... 3-30, 3-31, 3-32, 3-35 GE TYPE IAC CURVES .................................................. 5-159 GROUND CURRENT METERING ......................................6-14 GROUND DIRECTIONAL SUPERVISION ......................... 5-144 GROUND DISTANCE application of settings .....................................................10-3 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-36 op scheme ...................................................................5-142 scheme logic ..................................................... 5-143, 5-144 settings ........................................................................ 5-137 specifications .................................................................2-11 GROUND IOC FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-179 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-29 settings ........................................................................ 5-179 GROUND TIME OVERCURRENT see entry for GROUND TOC GROUND TOC FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-178 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-29 settings ........................................................................ 5-178 specifications .................................................................2-11 GROUPED ELEMENTS ................................................... 5-124 GSSE ................................................. 5-282, 5-283, 5-284, 6-6
H
HALF-DUPLEX .................................................................. B-1 HTTP PROTOCOL ............................................................5-32 HYBRID PERMISSIVE OVERREACH TRANSFER TRIP see entry for HYBRID POTT HYBRID POTT application of settings .....................................................10-7 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 logic ............................................................................ 5-265 settings ...................................................5-262, 5-264, 5-265 HYRBRID POTT Modbus registers ........................................................... B-33
I
I2T CURVES .................................................................. 5-160 IAC CURVES .................................................................. 5-159 IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL interoperability document ................................................. D-1 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-20 settings ..........................................................................5-32 IEC 61850 GOOSE ANALOGS settings ........................................................................ 5-290 IEC 61850 GOOSE UINTEGERS settings ........................................................................ 5-291 IEC 61850 PROTOCOL device ID ..................................................................... 5-282
iv
GE Multilin
INDEX
DNA2 assignments ...................................................... 5-284 error messages ............................................................... 7-9 Modbus registers .............. B-48, B-49, B-50, B-51, B-52, B-63 remote device settings ................................................. 5-281 remote inputs .............................................................. 5-282 settings ......................................................................... 5-21 UserSt-1 bit pair .......................................................... 5-284 IEC CURVES ................................................................. 5-158 IED .................................................................................... 1-2 IED SETUP ........................................................................ 1-5 IEEE C37.94 COMMUNICATIONS ................... 3-36, 3-37, 3-39 IEEE CURVES ............................................................... 5-157 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ................................................... 1-4 IN SERVICE INDICATOR .......................................... 1-17, 7-6 INCOMPATIBLE HARDWARE ERROR ................................ 7-7 INPUTS AC current .............................................................2-17, 5-66 AC voltage ............................................................2-17, 5-67 contact inputs ........................................... 2-17, 5-275, 5-299 dcmA inputs ..........................................................2-17, 3-21 direct inputs .................................................................. 2-17 IRIG-B ..................................................................2-17, 3-25 remote inputs .................................2-17, 5-281, 5-282, 5-283 RTD inputs ............................................................2-17, 3-21 virtual ......................................................................... 5-277 INSPECTION CHECKLIST ................................................. 1-1 INSTALLATION communications ............................................................ 3-23 CT inputs ..............................................................3-12, 3-13 RS485 ........................................................................... 3-24 settings ......................................................................... 5-63 INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL IOC entries INTELLIGENT ELECTRONIC DEVICE ................................ 1-2 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS .................................. 2-21 INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1-2 INVERSE TIME UNDERVOLTAGE .................................. 5-196 IOC see PHASE, GROUND, and NEUTRAL IOC entries IP ADDRESS ................................................................... 5-16 IRIG-B connection .................................................................... 3-25 error messages ............................................................... 7-8 settings ......................................................................... 5-35 specifications ........................................................2-17, 2-19 ISO-9000 REGISTRATION ............................................... 2-23 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 LINE pickup ......................................................................... 5-125 LINE PICKUP FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-126 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-37 settings ....................................................................... 5-125 specifications ................................................................. 2-11 LINK POWER BUDGET .................................................... 2-21 LOAD ENCROACHMENT FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-106 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-31 settings ............................................................ 5-154, 5-155 specifications ................................................................. 2-14 LOGIC GATES ............................................................... 5-113 LOST PASSWORD ...................................... 5-9, 5-10, 8-2, 8-3
M
MAINTENANCE COMMANDS ............................................. 7-3 MANUFACTURING DATE ................................................. 6-23 MEMORY MAP DATA FORMATS ..................................... B-68 MEMORY POLARIZATION ......................................... 9-6, 10-1 MEMORY VOLTAGE LOGIC ........................................... 5-128 MENU HEIRARCHY ................................................. 1-17, 4-25 MENU NAVIGATION ....................................... 1-17, 4-24, 4-25 METERING conventions .......................................................... 6-10, 6-11 current ........................................................................... 2-16 frequency ...................................................................... 2-16 power ............................................................................ 2-16 voltage .......................................................................... 2-16 METERING CONVENTIONS ............................................. 6-11 MHO DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC ....................... 5-130, 9-2 MODBUS data logger .............................................................. B-6, B-7 event recorder ................................................................ B-7 exception responses ....................................................... B-5 execute operation ........................................................... B-4 fault report ...................................................................... B-7 flex state parameters ..................................................... 5-53 function code 03/04h ....................................................... B-3 function code 05h ........................................................... B-4 function code 06h ........................................................... B-4 function code 10h ........................................................... B-5 introduction .................................................................... B-1 memory map data formats ............................................. B-68 obtaining files ................................................................. B-6 oscillography .................................................................. B-6 passwords ...................................................................... B-7 read/write settings/actual values ...................................... B-3 settings ................................................................ 5-16, 5-34 store multiple settings ..................................................... B-5 store single setting .......................................................... B-4 supported function codes ................................................ B-3 user map ..................................................... 5-34, B-11, B-25 MODEL INFORMATION .................................................... 6-23 MODIFICATION FILE NUMBER ........................................ 6-23 MODULE FAILURE ERROR ................................................ 7-7 MODULES communications ............................................................. 3-23 CT ................................................................................. 3-13 CT/VT ..................................................................... 3-12, 5-6 direct inputs/outputs ....................................................... 3-29 insertion ................................................................... 3-6, 3-7
K
KEYPAD ..................................................................1-17, 4-23
L
LAMPTEST ........................................................................ 7-3 LANGUAGE ..................................................................... 5-12 LASER MODULE ............................................................. 3-29 LATCHING OUTPUTS application example ........................................... 5-279, 5-280 error messages ............................................................... 7-9 settings ....................................................................... 5-278 specifications ................................................................ 2-18 LED INDICATORS ........................ 4-14, 4-15, 4-16, 4-22, 5-43 LED TEST FlexLogic operand .................................................... 5-111 settings ......................................................................... 5-41
GE Multilin
INDEX
order codes ..................................................................... 2-7 power supply ................................................................. 3-11 transducer I/O ............................................................... 3-21 VT ................................................................................. 3-13 withdrawal ................................................................ 3-6, 3-7 MONITORING ELEMENTS ............................................. 5-242 MOUNTING ................................................................. 3-1, 3-2 specifications .................................................................2-11 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-105 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-47 settings ........................................................................ 5-123 specifications .................................................................2-15 NSAP ADDRESS ..............................................................5-16
N
NAMEPLATE ...................................................................... 1-1 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OC Modbus registers ...........................................................B-38 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT characteristics ............................................................. 5-184 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-185 settings .............................................................5-183, 5-185 specifications ................................................................. 2-12 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-182 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-30 settings ....................................................................... 5-182 specifications ................................................................. 2-12 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-200 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-30 settings ....................................................................... 5-200 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-181 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-30 settings ....................................................................... 5-181 specifications ................................................................. 2-12 NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OC Modbus registers ...........................................................B-37 NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-174 polarization.................................................................. 5-172 settings ....................................................................... 5-170 specifications ................................................................. 2-12 NEUTRAL INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT see entry for NEUTRAL IOC NEUTRAL IOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-169 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-28 settings ....................................................................... 5-169 specifications ................................................................. 2-12 NEUTRAL OVERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-199 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-40 settings ....................................................................... 5-199 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 NEUTRAL TIME OVERCURRENT see entry for NEUTRAL TOC NEUTRAL TOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-106 logic ............................................................................ 5-168 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-28 settings ....................................................................... 5-168
O
ONE SHOTS ...................................................................5-113 OPEN POLE DETECTOR FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-106 logic ................................................................. 5-252, 5-253 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-32 settings ........................................................................ 5-250 specifications .................................................................2-14 OPERATING TEMPERATURE ...........................................2-21 OPERATING TIMES .........................................................2-10 ORDER CODES ............................ 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, 2-7, 6-23, 7-3 ORDER CODES, UPDATING ............................................. 7-3 ORDERING ............................................ 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, 2-7 OSCILLATORY TRANSIENT TESTING ..............................2-22 OSCILLOGRAPHY actual values ..................................................................6-21 clearing ...................................................................5-14, 7-2 Modbus ........................................................................... B-6 Modbus registers .................................................. B-17, B-21 settings ..........................................................................5-38 specifications .................................................................2-16 via COMTRADE .............................................................. B-6 via EnerVista software ..................................................... 4-2 OSI NETWORK ADDRESS ................................................5-16 OST ...................................................................... 2-14, 5-147 OUT-OF-STEP TRIPPING ...................................... 2-14, 5-147 OUTPUTS contact outputs ............................................................ 5-278 control power .................................................................2-19 critical failure relay .........................................................2-18 Fast Form-C relay ..........................................................2-18 Form-A relay ....................................... 2-18, 3-14, 3-15, 3-19 Form-C relay ................................................ 2-18, 3-14, 3-19 IRIG-B ...........................................................................2-19 latching outputs ................................................... 2-18, 5-278 remote outputs .................................................. 5-283, 5-284 virtual outputs .............................................................. 5-280 OVERCURRENT CURVE TYPES .................................... 5-156 OVERCURRENT CURVES definite time ................................................................. 5-160 FlexCurves ............................................................... 5-160 I2T ............................................................................... 5-160 IAC .............................................................................. 5-159 IEC .............................................................................. 5-158 IEEE ............................................................................ 5-157 OVERVOLTAGE auxiliary .............................................................. 2-13, 5-202 compensated ............................................................... 5-203 negative sequence ....................................................... 5-200 negative-sequence .........................................................2-13 neutral ................................................................ 2-13, 5-199 phase ................................................................. 2-13, 5-198
P
PANEL CUTOUT ........................................................ 3-1, 3-2
vi
GE Multilin
INDEX
PARITY ........................................................................... 5-15 PASSWORD SECURITY .............................. 5-9, 5-10, 8-2, 8-3 FlexLogic operands ..................................................... 5-111 PASSWORDS changing ....................................................................... 4-28 for settings templates ............................................... 4-5, 8-7 lost password ................................... 4-28, 5-9, 5-10, 8-2, 8-3 Modbus ........................................................................... B-7 Modbus registers .................................................. B-14, B-19 overview ....................................................................... 1-18 security .................................................................... 5-8, 8-1 settings .................................................................... 5-8, 8-1 PC SOFTWARE see entry for ENERVISTA UR SETUP PERMISSIVE FUNCTIONS ............................................. 5-195 PERMISSIVE OVERREACH TRANSFER TRIP see entry for POTT PERMISSIVE UNDERREACH TRANSFER TRIP see entry for PUTT PER-UNIT QUANTITY ........................................................ 5-4 PHASE ANGLE METERING .............................................. 6-11 PHASE CURRENT METERING ......................................... 6-13 PHASE DIRECTIONAL OC Modbus registers ........................................................... B-37 PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-107 logic ............................................................................ 5-167 phase A polarization .................................................... 5-165 settings ............................................................. 5-165, 5-166 specifications ................................................................ 2-12 PHASE DISTANCE application of settings .................................................... 10-2 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-107 logic ............................................................................ 5-136 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-36 op scheme .................................................................. 5-135 settings ....................................................................... 5-128 specifications ................................................................ 2-10 PHASE INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT see entry for PHASE IOC PHASE IOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-107 logic ............................................................................ 5-164 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-28 specifications ................................................................ 2-12 PHASE MEASUREMENT UNIT see entry for SYNCHROPHASOR PHASE OVERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-107 logic ............................................................................ 5-198 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-35 settings ....................................................................... 5-198 specifications ................................................................ 2-13 PHASE ROTATION .......................................................... 5-68 PHASE SELECT FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-107 PHASE TIME OVERCURRENT see entry for PHASE TOC PHASE TOC FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-108 logic ............................................................................ 5-162 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-27 settings ....................................................................... 5-161 specifications ................................................................ 2-11 PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-108 logic ............................................................................ 5-197 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-35 settings ....................................................................... 5-197 specifications ................................................................. 2-13 PHASOR ESTIMATION ....................................................... 9-1 PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNIT actual values ................................................................. 6-21 PHONE NUMBERS ............................................................. 1-1 PILOT SCHEMES application of settings .................................................... 10-6 blocking ....................................................................... 5-266 directional comparison blocking .................................... 5-266 directional comparison unblocking ................................ 5-270 DUTT .......................................................................... 5-253 hybrid POTT ................................................................ 5-262 POTT .......................................................................... 5-258 PUTT ........................................................................... 5-256 specifications ................................................................. 2-14 unblocking ................................................................... 5-270 PMU see entry for SYNCHROPHASOR POTT application of settings .................................................... 10-6 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-108 hybrid POTT ................................................................ 5-262 logic ............................................................................ 5-261 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-33 settings .................................................. 5-258, 5-259, 5-260 POWER METERING Modbus registers .......................................................... B-13 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 values ........................................................................... 6-15 POWER SUPPLY description ..................................................................... 3-11 low range ...................................................................... 2-18 specifications ................................................................. 2-18 POWER SWING BLOCKING .................................. 2-14, 5-147 POWER SWING DETECT FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-108 logic ................................................................. 5-152, 5-153 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-31 settings ............................................................ 5-145, 5-149 specifications ................................................................. 2-14 POWER SYSTEM Modbus registers .......................................................... B-23 PREFERENCES Modbus registers .......................................................... B-19 PROCESS BUS overview ........................................................................ 3-13 PRODUCT INFORMATION ........................................6-23, B-9 PRODUCT SETUP ...................................................... 5-8, 8-2 PRODUCTION TESTS ...................................................... 2-22 PROTECTION ELEMENTS ................................................. 5-4 PU QUANTITY ................................................................... 5-4 PUSHBUTTONS, USER-PROGRAMMABLE see USER-PROGRAMMBLE PUSHBUTTONS PUTT application of settings .................................................... 10-6 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-108 logic ............................................................................ 5-257 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-33 settings ....................................................................... 5-256
Q
QUAD DISTANCE CHARACTERISTIC 5-131, 5-132, 5-139, 9-5, 9-6
GE Multilin
vii
INDEX
R
REACTIVE POWER ................................................. 2-16, 6-15 REAL POWER ......................................................... 2-16, 6-15 REAL TIME CLOCK Modbus registers ...........................................................B-21 settings ......................................................................... 5-35 REAR TERMINAL ASSIGNMENTS ...................................... 3-8 RECLOSER CURVES ............................................ 5-81, 5-160 RECLOSING description................................................................... 5-226 logic ....................................................... 5-233, 5-234, 5-235 sequence .................................................................... 5-236 settings ............................. 5-225, 5-228, 5-229, 5-231, 5-232 REDUNDANT 10BASE-F .................................................. 3-22 RELAY ACTIVATION ........................................................ 4-27 RELAY ARCHITECTURE ................................................ 5-101 RELAY MAINTENANCE ...................................................... 7-3 RELAY NAME .................................................................. 5-64 RELAY NOT PROGRAMMED ............................................ 1-17 REMOTE DEVICES actual values ................................................................... 6-5 device ID ..................................................................... 5-282 error messages ................................................................ 7-9 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-111 Modbus registers ............................... B-11, B-17, B-61, B-64 settings ....................................................................... 5-281 statistics .......................................................................... 6-6 REMOTE DPS INPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-4 settings ....................................................................... 5-283 REMOTE INPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-3 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-110 Modbus registers .........................................B-11, B-17, B-61 settings ....................................................................... 5-282 specifications ................................................................. 2-17 REMOTE OUTPUTS DNA-1 bit pair .............................................................. 5-283 Modbus registers ..................................................B-62, B-63 UserSt-1 bit pair .......................................................... 5-284 REPLACEMENT MODULES .................................. 2-7, 2-8, 2-9 RESETTING .........................................................5-111, 5-284 REVISION HISTORY ..........................................................F-1 RF IMMUNITY .................................................................. 2-22 RFI, CONDUCTED ........................................................... 2-22 RMS CURRENT ............................................................... 2-16 RMS VOLTAGE ................................................................ 2-16 RS232 configuration ................................................................... 1-9 specifications ................................................................. 2-19 wiring ............................................................................ 3-22 RS422 configuration ................................................................. 3-33 timing ............................................................................ 3-34 two-channel application .................................................. 3-33 with fiber interface ......................................................... 3-35 RS485 communications ............................................................. 3-22 configuration ................................................................... 1-7 description..................................................................... 3-24 specifications ................................................................. 2-19 RTD INPUTS actual values ................................................................. 6-19 Modbus registers ..................................................B-18, B-26 settings ....................................................................... 5-293 specifications ................................................................. 2-17
S
SALES OFFICE ................................................................. 1-1 SCAN OPERATION ........................................................... 1-4 SELECTOR SWITCH actual values ................................................................... 6-6 application example ...................................................... 5-213 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-109 logic ............................................................................ 5-214 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-46 settings ........................................................................ 5-209 specifications .................................................................2-15 timing ............................................................... 5-212, 5-213 SELF-TESTS description ...................................................................... 7-6 error messages ............................................................... 7-8 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-111 Modbus registers ............................................................. B-9 SERIAL NUMBER .............................................................6-23 SERIAL PORTS Modbus registers ........................................................... B-19 settings ..........................................................................5-15 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES ............................ 9-18, 10-11 SETTING GROUPS ................ 5-109, 5-124, 5-208, B-29, B-30 SETTINGS TEMPLATES description ............................................................... 4-4, 8-6 editing ..................................................................... 4-4, 8-6 enabling ................................................................... 4-4, 8-6 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-68 password protection ................................................. 4-5, 8-7 removing .................................................................. 4-7, 8-9 viewing .................................................................... 4-6, 8-8 SETTINGS, CHANGING ....................................................4-26 SIGNAL SOURCES description ...................................................................... 5-5 metering ........................................................................6-13 settings ..........................................................................5-69 SIGNAL TYPES ................................................................. 1-3 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM ............................................. 2-1, 2-2 SITE LIST, CREATING ...................................................... 4-1 SNTP PROTOCOL error messages ............................................................... 7-9 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-21 settings ..........................................................................5-33 SOFTWARE installation ...................................................................... 1-5 see entry for ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE ............................................ 1-4 SOFTWARE, PC see entry for EnerVista UR Setup SOURCE FREQUENCY ....................................................6-16 SOURCE TRANSFER SCHEMES .................................... 5-195 SOURCES description ...................................................................... 5-5 example use of ...............................................................5-69 metering ........................................................................6-13 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-23 settings ................................................................. 5-68, 5-69 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................2-10 ST TYPE CONNECTORS ..................................................3-25 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ........................................... F-6 STATUS INDICATORS ............................................. 4-14, 4-16 STEPPED DISTANCE SCHEME ........................................10-2 STORAGE TEMPERATURE ..............................................2-21 STUB BUS ........................................................................ 0-iii SURGE IMMUNITY ...........................................................2-22 SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS METERING .....................6-11
viii
GE Multilin
INDEX
SYNCHROCHECK actual values .................................................. 6-8, 6-17, 6-18 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-109 logic ............................................................................ 5-224 Modbus registers .................................................. B-15, B-24 settings ............................................................. 5-221, 5-222 specifications ................................................................ 2-14 SYNCHROPHASORS actual values ................................................................. 6-18 clearing PMU records ...................................................... 7-2 commands ...................................................................... 7-3 FlexLogic operands ........................................ 5-107, 5-108 network connection ...................................................... 5-100 phase measurement unit triggering ................................ 5-90 phasor measurement configuration ................................. 5-86 phasor measurement unit ............................................... 5-85 phasor measurement unit calibration .............................. 5-87 phasor measurement unit communications ..................... 5-88 phasor measurement unit recording ............................... 5-97 test values .................................................................. 5-301 SYSTEM FREQUENCY .................................................... 5-67 SYSTEM SETUP .............................................................. 5-66 TRIP BUS FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-110 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-43 settings ....................................................................... 5-206 TRIP LEDs ....................................................................... 5-43 TRIP OUTPUT FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-110 logic ............................................................................ 5-219 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-31 settings ....................................................................... 5-215 specifications ................................................................. 2-14 TROUBLE INDICATOR .............................................. 1-17, 7-6
U
UL APPROVAL ................................................................. 2-23 UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS commands ..................................................................... 5-14 resetting .......................................................................... 7-2 UNBLOCKING SCHEME FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-104 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-35 settings ....................................................................... 5-270 UNDERVOLTAGE auxiliary ......................................................................... 2-13 phase ................................................................. 2-13, 5-197 UNDERVOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS .......................... 5-195 UNEXPECTED RESTART ERROR .................................... 7-10 UNIT NOT PROGRAMMED ........................................ 5-64, 7-7 UNPACKING THE RELAY ...................................................1-1 UNRETURNED MESSAGES ALARM ................................. 5-62 UPDATING ORDER CODE ................................................. 7-3 URPC see entry for ENERVISTA UR SETUP USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS example ........................................................................ 5-55 invoking and scrolling ..................................................... 5-53 Modbus registers ................................................. B-19, B-25 settings ................................................................ 5-53, 5-55 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs custom labeling .............................................................. 4-22 defaults ......................................................................... 4-16 description ............................................................ 4-15, 4-16 Modbus registers .......................................................... B-22 settings ......................................................................... 5-43 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-112 Modbus registers ................................................. B-25, B-39 settings ......................................................................... 5-47 specifications ................................................................. 2-15 USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF TESTS Modbus registers .......................................................... B-23 settings ......................................................................... 5-44 USERST-1 BIT PAIR ...................................................... 5-284
T
TARGET MESSAGES ........................................................ 7-6 TARGET SETTING ............................................................ 5-5 TARGETS MENU ............................................................... 7-6 TCP PORT NUMBER ....................................................... 5-32 TELEPROTECTION actual values ................................................................... 6-4 clearing counters ............................................................. 7-2 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-110 logic ............................................................................ 5-290 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-46 overview ..................................................................... 5-288 settings .................................................... 5-63, 5-288, 5-289 specifications ................................................................ 2-17 TEMPERATURE MONITOR .................................... 5-112, 7-10 TERMINALS ...................................................................... 3-8 TESTING force contact inputs ..................................................... 5-299 force contact outputs ................................................... 5-300 lamp test ......................................................................... 7-3 self-test error messages .................................................. 7-6 synchrophasors ........................................................... 5-301 THEORY OF OPERATION .................................................. 9-1 TIME ................................................................................. 7-2 TIME OVERCURRENT see PHASE, NEUTRAL, and GROUND TOC entries TIMERS ......................................................................... 5-118 TOC ground ........................................................................ 5-178 neutral ........................................................................ 5-168 phase .......................................................................... 5-161 specifications ................................................................ 2-11 TRACEABILITY data .................................................... 4-11, 4-12, 8-13, 8-14 overview ...............................................................4-10, 8-12 rules .....................................................................4-12, 8-14 TRACKING FREQUENCY ........................................ 6-17, B-41 TRANSDUCER I/O actual values ................................................................. 6-19 settings ............................................................. 5-292, 5-293 specifications ................................................................ 2-17 wiring ............................................................................ 3-21
V
VAR-HOURS ........................................................... 2-16, 6-16 VIBRATION TESTING ...................................................... 2-22 VIRTUAL INPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-3 commands ....................................................................... 7-1 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-110
GE Multilin
ix
INDEX
logic ............................................................................ 5-277 Modbus registers ................................................... B-9, B-54 settings ....................................................................... 5-277 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS actual values ................................................................... 6-5 FlexLogic operands .................................................. 5-111 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-55 settings ....................................................................... 5-280 VOLTAGE BANKS ............................................................ 5-67 VOLTAGE DEVIATIONS ................................................... 2-22 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS ................................................... 5-195 VOLTAGE METERING Modbus registers ...........................................................B-12 specifications ................................................................. 2-16 values ........................................................................... 6-14 VOLTAGE RESTRAINT CHARACTERISTIC .................... 5-161 VT FUSE FAILURE logic ............................................................................ 5-249 Modbus registers ...........................................................B-46 settings ....................................................................... 5-249 VT INPUTS ...................................................... 3-13, 5-6, 5-67 VT WIRING ...................................................................... 3-13 VTFF FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-109 see VT FUSE FAILURE
W
WARRANTY ...................................................................... F-8 WATT-HOURS ......................................................... 2-16, 6-16 WATTMETRIC ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL actual values ..................................................................6-18 FlexLogic operands ................................................... 5-110 Modbus registers ........................................................... B-30 settings ........................................................................ 5-175 specifications .................................................................2-13 WEB SERVER PROTOCOL ...............................................5-32 WEBSITE .......................................................................... 1-1
Z
ZERO SEQUENCE CORE BALANCE .................................3-13
GE Multilin