Systems Analysis and DFDs

C I P O

Systems Life Cycle concept

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Systems Analysis

Importance of Systems Analysis

determines the CONTENT of an MIS represents 25% of the MIS development effort relates to performance higher budget compliance higher satisfaction

50%
low satisfaction

40% 30% 20% 10%

high satisfaction

analysis

design

coding

test

install

Data flow diagram (DFD)

source or destination of data

process (transforms data)

data store

data flow

Leveling DFDs
How to factor a system?

The BLACK BOX concept: you know the inputs it expects you know the outputs it should give back you know its function (what it does) you do not need to know the specifics to use it Controlling complexity of black boxes each box should solve one well-defined piece of the problem each box should be easy to understand connections should be made as simple as possible

source

INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

destination

Exploding DFDs
C

BOOM

National Merchandising Case

Second level

purchase order vendor account

accounts payable

invoice Vendor

1.0 Invoice approval

accounts check 3.0 2.0 due write revise Vendor vendor balance checks due

payable invoices

checking account

Third level
purchase orders invoice 1.1 verify signed invoices 1.3 check if ordered 1.5 price invoice

no inv.received inv. approved invoice log

1.2 verify acceptan. ce return to vendor

1.4 purchase approval

1.6 accept invoice

payable invoices

Third level - continued

vendor account invoice log

2.1 post invoices

payable details

2.2 log accounts payable

payable invoices

general ledger

accounts payable

Third level - end

accounts payable check details

3.1 prepare vendor payment

3.2 log checks

3.4 prepare check summary

check list

controller

printed checks vendor account general ledger 3.3 approve checks check register signed checks vendor