(a) An expression for in cylindrical coordinates.

(b) Show result is identical to Equations 5.12.

Problem 5.70 [Difficulty: 4]
Given: Definition of "del" operator in cylindrical coordinates, velocity vector
( )V V

V
Find:
Solution: We will apply the velocity field to the del operator and simplify.
z
k
r
e
r
e
r
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V

1

u
u

Governing
Equations:
(Definition of "del" operator)
k V e V e V V
z r r

+ + =
u u

(Velocity flow field)

r
r
e
e
e
e

=
c
c
=
c
c
u u
u
u (Hints from footnote)
( )V V

V
Substituting using the governing equations yields:
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
k V
z
V e V
z
V
e V
z
V k V
r
V
e V
r
V
e V
r
V
k V
r
V e V
r
V e V
r
V
k V e V e V
z
V k V e V e V
r
V
k V e V e V
r
V
k V e V e V
z
V
r
V
r
V
k V e V e V
z
k
r
e
r
e k V e V e V V V
z z z
r r z z r r z r r r r r
z r r z z r r z r r r
z r r z r
z r r r z r r

c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
=
+ +
c
c
+ + +
c
c
+ + +
c
c
=
+ + |
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
=
+ +
(

|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+ + = V
u u
u
u u
u u
u u
u u u u
u
u u
u u
u
u u u u u
u u u
u
u
u

Applying the product rule to isolate derivatives of the unit vectors:
( )
k
z
V
V e
z
V
V e
z
V
V
k
V
r
V
V
e
r
V
e
V
r
V
V
e
r
V
e
V
r
V
k
r
V
V e
r
V
V e
r
V
V V V
z
z z r
r
z
z
r
r
r
r z
r r r
r
r

c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V
u
u
u
u
u u
u
u u u u
u
u
u u u u u

Collecting terms:
( )
k
z
V
V
V
r
V
r
V
V
e
z
V
V
r
V V V
r
V
r
V
V e
z
V
V
r
V V
r
V
r
V
V V V
z
z
z z
r
z
r
r r
r
z
r r
r

2
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+ +
c
c
+
c
c
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= V
u
u u
u
u
u u u u u u u

The three terms in parentheses are the three components of convective acceleration given in Equations 5.12.