Lecture No.: 8 ةنماثلا ةرضاحملا

Lecture No.
: 8
Remember
olution Steps of assembly method :
Drive the member local stiffness matrix
F2
l
l
l
F = K D
F4
d2
d4
d1
d3
F3
F1
Drive the member transformation matrix
Obtain the member global stiffness matrix
l
Km = T Km T
g
T
2
Remember
Km
Make assembly
Km
Km
F = K
Km
Make partition
Fu
Fr
Kuu Kur
Du
Kru Krr
Dr
3
Remember
Extract the stiffness equation
Fu
Fr
Kuu Kur
Du
Kru Krr
Dr
Fu = Kuu Du + Kur
Dr
Obtain the deformation
Du = Kuu
-1
{F
- Kur
Dr
}
4
Remember
Calculate the reactions
Fr = Kru
Du + Krr
Dr
Find internal forces in members

T
g
l
l
Fm = Km T Dm
egrees of freedom (DOF)

d2
d1
d1
Drive the member local stiffness matrix
F2
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
l
l
l
F = K D
8
F2
Local
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
F1
k11
k12 k13 k14
d1
F2
k21
k22
k23 k24
d2
k31
k32
k33 k34
d3
k41
k42
k43 k44
d4
F3
F4
First column in
Local Stiffness matrix
d1 =1
EA
L
=
1
F2
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
EA
L
EA
F1 =
L
EA
F3 = L
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
10
First column in Local Stiffness matrix
EA
F1 =
L
EA
F3 = L
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
F2
EA
L
k21
k31
k41
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
k11
d2
F4
E
A
L
0
11
Second column in
d2 =1
F2
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
=
1
F1
F1 = 0
F3 = 0
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
12
Second column in Local Stiffness matrix
F1 = 0
F2 = 0
F2
F3 = 0
F4 = 0
0
k22
k42
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
k12
k32
F4
=
0
0
13
First column in
d3 =1
F2
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
EA
L
=
1
E
A
F1 = L
EA
F3 =
L
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
EA
L
14
Third column in Local Stiffness matrix
EA
F1 = L
EA
F3 =
L
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
F2
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
k13
E
A
L
k23
0
=
d2
F4
k33
EA
L
k43
0
15
Fourth column in
d4 =1
F2
F4
d2
d1
d4
d3
F3
=
1
F1
F1 = 0
F3 = 0
F2 = 0
F4 = 0
16
Fourth column in Local Stiffness matrix
F1 = 0
F2 = 0
F2
F3 = 0
F4 = 0
0
k24
k44
d1
d4
d3
F3
F1
k14
k34
d2
F4
=
0
0
17
k11
EA
L
k12
k13
- EA
L
k14
k21
k22
k23
k24
=
k31
EA
L
k32
k41
k42
=
0
k33
EA
L
k34
k43
k44
=
0
0
18
l
K
EA
L
E
A
L
EA
L
EA
L
19
l
K
= EA
-1
-1
20
Drive the member transformation matrix

g
l 4 F4
l3
F2
l2
F3
l1
F
g
F1
21
F2l cos
F1l sin
g
F2
l2
F
l
F2 sin
l1
F1l cos
F1
F1 = Fl1 cos Fl2 sin

g
F2 = Fl1 sin + Fl2 cos

g
22
F4l cos
F3l sin
g
F4
l4
F
l
F4 sin
l3
F3l cos
F3

g

g
23

g
F = Fl sin + Fl cos
g

g

g
F1g
cos
- sin
F1l
F2g
sin cos
Fl2
F3g
cos - sin
F3l
F4g
sin cos
F4l
24
cos
- sin
sin
cos
cos - sin
sin
cos
25
s
c
0
s
c
c
T
s = sin
c = cos
26
l
Km = T Km T
g
Km =
c
s
0
0
s
c
0
0
0
0
c
s
0
0 EA
s L
c
c
0 0 0 0 s
-1 0 1 0 0
0
0 0 0 0
1
0 -1 0
s
c
0
0
0
0
c
s
0
0
s
c
27
Member Global Stiffness Matrix

c
2
Km =
E c
AL -s
c2
-c
s
c
s
s
2
-c
s
s2
c2
-c
s
c
2
c
s
-c
s
s2
c
s
s
2
28
Member Global Stiffness Matrix

c
2
Km =
E c
AL -s
c2
-c
s
c
s
s
2
-c
s
s2
c2
-c
s
c
2
c
s
-c
s
s2
c
s
s
2
29
Example 1:
Calculate the reactions and internal forces
for the shown truss due to the shown force
where
E = 2000 kN/cm2, ABA= 100 cm2, ACA= 200 cm2
A
12 kN
3
C
4m
30

EABA= 2x10 kN
EACA= 4x105 kN
LBA= 400 cm
LCA= 500 cm
3
C
4m
31
First element : ( BA )
Start Joint : B
End Joint : A
Angle
:0
4m
s = sin = 0
c = cos =
1
EABA= 2x105 kN
LBA= 400 cm
EABA
LBA
2x105 kN
400 cm
= 500 kN/cm
32
s = sin = 0
l
= EA
K
L
EA/L = 500 kN/cm
-1
-1
= 500
-1
-1
s
c
0
s
c
c
=
c = cos = 1
33
l
Km = T Km T
g
For horizontal members ( = 0 )
l
Km = Km
g
K1 = 500
-1
-1
0
34
K1 = 500
-1
Start Joint : B
End Joint : A
-1
K1 =
500
- 500
500
- 500 0
A
35
Second element : ( CA )
Start Joint : C
End Joint : A
Angle
: 37oC
4m
s = sin = 0.6
c = cos = 0.8
EACA= 4x105 kN
LCA= 500 cm
EACA
LCA
4x105 kN
500 cm
= 800 kN/cm
36
c = cos =
s = sin = 0.6
0.8
l
= EA
K
L
-1
-1
= 800
-1
-1
s
c
0
s
c
EA/L = 800 kN/cm
0.8
0.6
0.6 0.8
0
0
0.8
0.6
0.6 0.8
37
l
Km = T Km T
g
K2 =
6
0
0.
0.
6
8
0
0.
8
0.
0.
6
0.
0.
8
0.
6
0
-1
0 0
0.
0.
8 0.
0.
6
6 8
-1
800
8
0
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
38
K2 =
6
0
0.
0.
6
8
0
0.
8
0.
0.
8
0.
= 800
6
0
0
0 0
- 800
0.
0.
8 0.
0.
6
6 8
0. 0 0
0.
6 0 0
8 0. 0
0.
8 0.
0.
6
0
6 8
0.
6
0.
0.
8
0.
6
0
0
0.
6
0.
-1
-1
-1
-1
0.
8
0.
6
0
8
0
8
0
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
0
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
39
K2 =
6
0
0.
0.
6
8
0
0.
8
0.
800
0.
8
0.
= 800 6
0.
8
0.
6
0
0
0
0
0.
6
0.
0.
8
0.
6
0
-1
0 0
0.
0.
8 0.
0.
6
6 8
-1
0.
6
0.
0.
8
0.
6
0
0.
8
0.
0.
6
8
0.
6
0
0
8
0
8
0
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
40
K2 =
800
0.
8
0.
6
0.
8
0.
0
0
0
0
0.
8
0.
0.
6
8
0.
6
6
0.6
4
0.4
= 800
8
0.6
4
0.4
8
0.4
8
0.3
6
0.4
8
0.3
6
0.
6
0.
0.
8
0.
6
0
0
0
0.6
4
0.4
0.4
8
0.3
0.6
8
4
0.4
8
0
0 0
0. 0.
- 6
8
0.
0.
8
6
0.4
6
8
0.3
41
or
s = sin = 0.6
c = cos = 0.8
c
2
K2 =
K2
E c
AL -s
= 800
c
s
s
2
c2
-c
s
-c
s
s2
0.6
4
0.4
0.4
8
0.3
8
0.6
4
0.4
8
6
0.4
8
0.3
6
c2
-c
s
c
2
c
s
EA/L = 800 kN/cm
-c
s
s2
c
s
s
s2 = 0.36
cs = 0.48
0.6
4
0.4
0.4
8
0.3
0.6
8
4
0.4
c2 = 0.64
0.4
6
8
0.3
42
0.6
4
0.4
K 2 = 800
8
0.6
4
0.4
8
0.4
8
0.3
6
0.4
8
0.3
K2 =
0.4
8
0.3
0.6
8
4
0.4
6
C
0.6
4
0.4
Start Joint : C
End Joint : A
0.4
6
8
0.3
512
384 -512 -384
384
288 -384 -288
-512 -384 512 384
-384 -288 384 288

43
Assembly :
B
K1 =
500
- 500
500
- 500 0
K2 =
A
384 288 -384 -288

-512 -384 512 384
-384 -288 384 288
1012 384 -500
Ks =
512 384 -512 -384
384 288
-512 -384
-384 -288
-500
500
-512 -384
512 384
-384 -288
384 288
44
Ks =
Partition
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
384 288
-384 -288
-500
500
-512 -384
512 384
-384 -288
384 288
K
C
4m
Kuu Kur
Kru Krr
r
45
Ks =
Kuu =
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
384 288
-384 -288
-500
500
-512 -384
512 384
-384 -288
384 288
1012
384
384
288
Kuu Kur
Kru Krr
r
46
Modeling
d4
B
d2
d3
d1
d6
d5
4
47
F1
F2
0
=
d4
d3
A
d6
-12
d2
d1
d5
C
12 kN
48
Kuu =
1012
F1
384
384
288
F2
F= K
0
-12
0
=
-12
1012
384
d1
384
288
d2
49
0
-12
d1
d2
d1
d2
1
103
1012
384
d1
384
288
d2
-1
1012
384
384
288
-12
-2.67
-2.67
7.03
-12
0.0320
-0.0843
=
cm
0.320
-0.843
mm
50

Fu
Fr
Kuu Kur
Du
Kru Krr
Dr
There is no settlement
Dr
Fu
Fr
= 0
Kuu Kur
Du
Kru Krr
Fr = Kru
Du
51
Fr = Kru
K ru =
Du =
-500
Du
Ks =
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
384 288
-384 -288
-500
500
-512 -384
-512 -384
512 384
-384 -288
-384 -288
384 288
0.0320
-0.0843
Kuu Kur
Kru Krr
r
52
Du
Fr = Kru
K ru =
-500
Du =
-512 -384
0.0320
-0.0843
-384 -288
- 16
Fr =
0
16
12
F3
FBx
F4
FBy
F5
F6
FCx
d4
d3
d2
d1
A
d6
d5
C
FCy
53
To find internal forces in members
l
l
l
Fm = Km Dm
g
Dm
l
= T Dm
g
l
Dm = T Dm
T
g
l
l
Fm = Km T Dm
54
Start Joint : B End Joint : A
Kl
F1l
500
= 500
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
d2
d1
A
d6
T
g
l
l
F1 = K1 T D1
1
d4
d3
d5
C
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0.0320
-0.0843
Du =
0.0320
-0.0843
-16
0
16
0
55
F1l
-16
0
16
0
d4
d3
d2
d1
A
d6
d5
C
16
16
B
FBA = 16 kN (tension)
56
Start Joint : C
End Joint : A
T g
l
l
F2 = K2 T D2
Kl
F2l
800
= 800
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 -1 0
6
0
0.
0.
6
8
0
0.
8
0.
0.
6
0.
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0.
8
0.
6
0
0 0
8
0
0 0
0.
0.
8
0. 0.
6
6 8
0
0 0
0. 0.
8
6
0.
0.
8
6
4m
Du =
0
0
0.0320
0.0320
-0.0843
-0.0843
57
F2l
= 800
0.
6
0.
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0.
8
0.
6
0
0 0
0 -1 0
640 480
640 480
0
0
0
0
640 480
640 480
0
0
0
0
8
0
0 0
0. 0.
8
6
0.
0.
8
6
0
0
0.0320
-0.0843
20
0
=
0.0320
-20
0
-0.0843
0
0
20
A
20
FCA = 20 kN (compression)
58
Example 2:
Calculate the reactions and internal forces for
the shown truss due to the shown force and
horizontal left movement 0.5 cm of joint C where
A
12 kN
3
C
4m
59
Modeling
d4
B
d2
d3
d1
d6
d5
4
60
Ks =
Partition
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
384 288
-384 -288
-500
500
-512 -384
512 384
-384 -288
384 288
K
C
4m
Kuu Kur
Kru Krr
r
61
F1
F2
0
=
d4
d3
A
d6
-12
d2
d1
d5
C
12 kN
62
F1
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
d1
F2
384 288
-384 -288
d2
F3
-500
500
d3
d4
F4
F5
-512 -384
512 384
d5
F6
-384 -288
384 288
d6
d4
d3
A
d6
horizontal left movement 0.5 cm of joint C
d2
d1
d5
C
63
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
d1
- 12
384 288
-384 -288
d2
F3
F4
-500
500
F5
-512 -384
512 384
- 0.5
F6
-384 -288
384 288
d4
d3
d2
d1
A
d6
d5
C
64
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
d1
- 12
384 288
-384 -288
d2
F3
F4
-500
500
F5
-512 -384
512 384
- 0.5
F6
-384 -288
384 288
0
- 12
1012 384
d1
384 288
d2
-500
-512 -384
-384 -288
0
- 0.5
0
65
0
- 12
1012 384
d1
384 288
d2
-500
-512 -384
-384 -288
0
- 0.5
0
- 12
0
- 12
=
-
1012 384
d1
384 288
d2
256
192
- 256
- 204
256
192
1012 384
d1
384 288
d2
1012 384
d1
384 288
d2
66
- 256
- 204
d1
d2
d1
d2
1
103
1012
384
d1
384
288
d2
-1
1012
384
- 256
384
288
- 204
-2.67
- 256
-2.67
7.03
- 204
0.0320
- 0.751
=
cm
0.320
- 7.51
mm
67

0
1012 384
-500
-512 -384
d1
- 12
384 288
-384 -288
d2
F3
-500
500
F4
F5
-512 -384
512 384
- 0.5
F6
-384 -288
384 288
F3
F4
F5
F6
-500
0
0
-512 -384
-384 -288
d1
d2
500
512 384
384 288
0
0
- 0.5
0
68
F3
F4
F5
-500
F6
d2
-384 -288
F3
F5
d1
-512 -384
F6
F4
-500
0
0
-512 -384
-384 -288
500
512 384
384 288
0.0320
- 0.751
0
0
- 0.5
0
500
512 384
384 288
0
0
- 0.5
0
69
F3
-500
F4
F5
0.0320
- 0.751
500
512 384
384 288
-512 -384
F6
-384 -288
F3
- 16
- 16
F4
F5
F6
272
- 256
204
- 192
0
0
- 0.5
0
Which is the same

with case of
zero joint movement
16
12
70
To find internal forces in members
l
l
l
Fm = Km Dm
g
Dm
l
= T Dm
g
l
Dm = T Dm
T
g
l
l
Fm = Km T Dm
71
Kl
F1l
500
= 500
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
d2
d1
A
d6
T
g
l
l
F1 = K1 T D1
1
d4
d3
d5
C
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0.0320
- 0.751
Du =
0.0320
- 0.751
-16
0
16
0
72
F1l
-16
0
16
0
d4
d3
d2
d1
A
d6
d5
C
16
16
B
FBA = 16 kN (tension)
73
Start Joint : C
End Joint : A
T g
l
l
F2 = K2 T D2
Kl
F2l
800
= 800
0 -1 0
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 -1 0
6
0
0.
0.
6
8
0
0.
8
0.
0.
6
0.
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0.
8
0.
6
0
0 0
8
0
0 0
0.
0.
8
0. 0.
6
6 8
0
0 0
0. 0.
8
6
0.
0.
8
6
4m
Du =
0
0
0.0320
- 0.751
0.0320
- 0.751
74
F2l
= 800
-1 0
0 0
1 0
0.
8
0.
6
0
0 0
0 -1 0
640 480
640 480
0
0
0
0
640 480
640 480
0
0
0
0
0.
6
0.
0
0
0 0
0. 0.
8
6
0.
0 0.
8
6
- 0.5
8
0
0.0320
- 0.751
20
0
0
=
0.0320
-20
- 0.751
0
20
20
A
FCA = 20 kN (compression)
75
Example 3:
Calculate the joint displacements for the shown
truss due to the shown forces where the axial
stiffness = 500 kN/cm for all members
50 kN
100 kN
C
4
A
4m
76
Modeling
d8
d6
d7
D
3
C
6
d2
A
d5
d4
d3
d1
1
B
77
Global stiffness matrix
c2
c
EA s
L c2
-c
s
c
s
s2
-c
s
s2
c2
-c
s
c2
c
s
-c
s
s2
c
s
s2
78
A
B
member
AB
BC
DC
AD
AC
BD
0
90
0
90
45
135
400
400
400
400
566
566
EA
L
cos sin cos2 sin2
500
1
0
500
0
1
500
1
0
500
0
1
500 .707 .707
500 -.707 .707
1
0
1
0
0.5
0.5
0
1
0
1
0.5
0.5
sin
cos
0
0
0
0
0.5
-0.5
79
First element : ( AB )
K1 = 500
2
D
-1
K1 =
A
1
-1
c2 = 1.0
s2 = 0.0
cs = 0.0
500
- 500
500
- 500 0
B
80
Second element : ( DC )
K2 = 500
2
D
-1
K2 =
A
1
-1
c2 = 1.0
s2 = 0.0
cs = 0.0
500
- 500
500
- 500 0
C
81
Third element : ( AD )
K3 = 500
2
D
-1
K3 =
-1
A
1
c2 = 0.0
s2 = 1.0
cs = 0.0
500
-500
500
-500
D
82
Fourth element : ( BC )
K4 = 500
2
D
-1
K4 =
-1
A
1
c2 = 0.0
s2 = 1.0
cs = 0.0
500
-500
500
-500
C
83
Fifth element : ( AC )
K5 = 500
2
D
0.5
0.5
-0.5 -0.5
0.5
0.5
-0.5 -0.5
K5 =
-0.5 -0.5
0.5
0.5
-0.5 -0.5
0.5
0.5
250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250 250
-250 -250 250
250
c2 = 0.5
s2 = 0.5
250 -250 -250
A
1
250
cs = 0.5
A
C
84
sixth element : ( BD )
0.5
K6 = 500
-0.5 0.5
K6 =
-0.5 0.5
0.5
-0.5
-0.5 0.5
0.5
0.5
-0.5 0.5
-0.5
-250 -250 250
c2 = 0.5
s2 = 0.5
-250 -250 250
-0.5
-250 250 250 -250

-250 250 250 -250
250
250
-0.5
cs = -0.5
B
D
85
Kg
1
500
0
B
- 500 0
0
0
0
0
- 500 0
500
g
=
4
0
0
500
-500 0
g
K =
2
- 500 0
C
0
0
0
500 0
Ks =
g
5
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500
-500
-250
250
-250 750
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
0
0
-500 250
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
500 0 -500
0
Kg =
6
-250250
250 -250
250 -500
750 -250
250 -250 -250 250
750
D
0
B
D
250 -250 -250 250
B
-250 250 250 -250
250
A
0
0 -500 0 500
= 250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250 250
0
g
K =
3
0
-250 -250 250
A
C
250 250 -250 -250
500
0
B
0 -500
500 0 - 500 0
0
0 0
0
-250
0
A
D
750
-250
-250
750
C
6
A
1
86
Ks =
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500
-500
750 -250
-250
250
-250 750
-500 250
-250
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
Partition
750
-250
-250
750
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
87
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
Partition
d6
d7
d8
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
d1
-500 d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250 d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250 d4
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
0
0
d5
d6
750
-250 d7
-250
750 d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
88
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
Partition
d6
d7
d8
d1
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500 d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250 d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250 d4
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
-250 250
-500 250 -250
750 250 -500
d5
250 750
d6
-500
750
-250 d7
-250
750 d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
89
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
Partition
d6
d7
d8
d1
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500 d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250 d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250 d4
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
-250 250
-500 250 -250
750 250 -500
d5
250 750
d6
-500
750
-250 d7
-250
750 d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
90
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
Partition
d6
d7
d8
d1
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500 d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250 d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250 d4
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
-250 250
-500 250 -250
750 250 -500
d5
250 750
d6
-500
750
-250 d7
-250
750 d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
91
Partition
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
750
250 -500
-250 -250
d1
250
750
-250 -250
-500
d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250
d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250
d4
750 250 -500
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
-250 250
-500 250 -250
-500
750
-250
d7
-250
750
d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
92
Partition
d3
d1
-500 750
0
Ks =
250
d2
d4
250
-250 -250
d1
750
-250 -250
-500
d2
-250
250
d3
-500 250
-250
d4
d5
750 -500
0 -250
-250
750
d6
d7
d8
-250 -250 0
750 250 -500
d5
-250 -250 -500
250 750
d6
-250
250
250
-500 -250
-500
750
-250
d7
-250
750
d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
93
Partition
d3
d6
d7
d8
d1
d2
d4
750
250
d1
-500 -250 -250
-250 -250
-500 250
750
d2
-250
250 -500
-250
d3
-250
750
d4
d5
Ks =
d5
750
-250
-500 250
750 250 -500
-250 -250
250 750
-250 -250 -500
750
-250
-250
750
-250 -500
250
250
d6
d8
d7
d7
-500 -250 d8
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
94
Partition
d3
d6
d7
d8
d1
d2
d4
750
250
d1
-500 -250 -250
-250 -250
-500 250
750
d2
-250
250 -500
-250
d3
-250
750
d4
d5
Ks =
d5
750
-250
-500 250
750 250 -500
-250 -250
250 750
-250 -250 -500
750
-250
-250
750
-250 -500
250
250
d6
d8
d7
d7
-500 -250 d8
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
95
Partition
d3
d5
d6
d7
750
-250
d1
d2
d4
-500 -250 -250
250 -500 0 -250

0
750 250 0
-250 -250
-500 250
Ks =
d8
-250
-500 250
-250
750
750
d2
d4
d5
750 250 -500
-250 -250
250 750
-250 -250 -500
750
-250
-250
750
-250 -500
250
d3
d1
250
d6
d8
d7
d7
-500 -250 d8
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
96
Partition
d3
750
0
0
Ks =
d5
d7
d8
d1
d2
d4
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
d6
750
-250
-250
750
750
-500 -250 -250
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
-250 -250 -500
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250 d8
250
750 0
0 750
d1
d2
d4
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
97
Partition
d3
750
0
0
Ks =
d5
d7
d8
d1
d2
d4
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
d6
750
-250
-250
750
750
-500 -250 -250
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
-250 -250 -500
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250 d8
250
750 0
0 750
d1
d2
d4
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
98
F3
F5
750
0
F6
F7
F8
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
750
-250
-250
750
750
F1
-500 -250 -250
F2
F4
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
-250 -250 -500
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250
d8
250
750 0
0 750
Stiffness
Equation
d1
d2
d4
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
99
F3
F5
0
0
F6
F7
50
F8
Force
Vector
-100
F1
F1
F2
F4
F2
F4
50 kN
D
100 kN
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
100
0
0
750
0
50
-100
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
750
-250
-250
750
750
F1
-500 -250 -250
F2
F4
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
-250 -250 -500
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250
d8
250
750 0
0 750
Stiffness
Equation
d1
d2
d4
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
101
0
0
750
0
50
-100
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
750
-250
-250
750
750
F1
-500 -250 -250
F2
F4
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
-250 -250 -500
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250
d8
250
750 0
0 750
Stiffness
Equation
0
0
0
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
102
0
0
750
0
50
-100
0
0 -250 250 -500 0 -250
750 250 -500
0
-250 -250 0
d3
d5
250 750
d6
-250 -500
250
750
-250
-250
750
750
F1
-500 -250 -250
F2
F4
-250 -250 0
0
0 -500 250
-250
0
0
0
50
-100
750
0
-500 250
-250
0
250
d7
-500 -250
d8
250
750 0
0 750
0
0 -250 250
750 250 -500
0
d3
d5
250 750
-250 -500
250
-250 -250 -500
d6
750
-250
d7
-250
750
d8
Stiffness
Equation
0
0
0
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
103
F = K
0
0
750
0
0
50
0
0 -250 250
750 250 -500
0
d3
d5
250 750
-250 -500
-100
250
d6
750
-250
d7
-250
750
d8
D = K-1
-1
d3
d5
d6
750
0
0
0 -250 250
750 250 -500
0
0
0
250 750
d7
-250 -500
d8
250
Stiffness
Equation
d8
d7
0.075
0.075
750
-250
50
0.100
-250
750
-100
- 0.125
- 0.025
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
104
Another modeling
d2
d4
d1
D
3
C
6
d8
A
d3
d6
d5
d7
1
B
105
Kg
1
500
0
B
- 500 0
0
0
0
0
- 500 0
0
500
B
K
g
=
4
0
0
500
-500 0
C
0
0
0
C
C
500 0 - 500 0
0
0 0
0
g
K =
2
- 500 0
750
g
5
-250 750
-500
Ks =
0
0
250
0
0
-250
250
AA
500 0 -500
0
D
D
Kg =
6
-250250
250 -250
250 -250 -250 250
250 -250
-500
-250
-250
-500 -250 -250
750 -250 -500

0
-500 -250 750
0
-250 -250 -500

-250 -250
0
-500
0
B
D
250 -250 -250 250
B
-250 250 250 -250
-250 250
250 750
DD
0 -500 0 500
0
g
=
3
0
750 250
-250 250
C
C
= 250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250 250
-250 -500
500 0
-250 -250 250
D
D
A
C
250 250 -250 -250
500
0
B
0 -500
AA
0
0
DD
D
D
750
250
250
750
C
6
A
1
106
d1
750
d3
d4
-250 -500
0
0
d2
-250 750
-500
Ks =
0
0
750 250
250 750
-250 250
250
0
0
-250
d7
d8
-250 250
250 -250
d1
-500 d2
-250
-250 d3
d5
0
0
d6
-500 -250 -250 d4
750 -250 -500

0
-500 -250 750
0
-250 -250 -500

-250 -250
0
-500
0
750
250
d5
d6
d7
750 d8
0
0
250
d2
d1
d4
d3
d8
d7
d6
d5
B
107
d1
750
d3
d4
-250 -500
0
0
d2
-250 750
-500
Ks =
0
0
750 250
250 750
-250 250
250
0
0
-250
d7
d8
-250 250
250 -250
d1
-500 d2
-250
-250 d3
d5
0
0
d6
-500 -250 -250 d4
750 -250 -500

0
-500 -250 750
0
-250 -250 -500

-250 -250
0
-500
0
750
250
d5
d6
d7
750 d8
0
0
250
d2
d1
d4
d3
d8
d7
d6
d5
B
108
F1
F2
-100
F3
F4
F5
Force
Vector
50
0
0
0
F6
F6
F7
F8
F7
F8
50 kN
D
100 kN
d2
d1
d4
d3
d8
d7
d6
d5
B
109
750
50
-250 750
-100
0
0
0
-250 -500
F6
250 -250
-500
-250
-250
750 250
250 750
-250 250
250
-250
750
50
-250 -500
-250 750
-100
-500 -250 -250
750 -250 -500

0
-500 -250 750
-250 -250 -500

-250 -250
0
-500
-250 250
-500
F7
F8
0
0
750
250
250
750
-250
250
d1
d2
750 250
250 750
d3
d4
750
d5
-500
-250 250
Stiffness
Equation
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
d2
d1
d4
d3
d8
d7
d6
d5
B
110
750
50
-250 750
-100
0
0
d1
d2
d5
-250
250
750 250
250 750
d3
d4
750
d5
750
-250 -500
-250 750
-500
-250 250
d3
d4
-250 -500
-250
250
-100
0.075
250 750
0
0
750
d6
d5
B
0.075
750 250
d8
d7
50
d4
d3
C
-1
-500
-250 250
d2
d1
d1
d2
- 0.025
0.100
- 0.125
111
Another Solution
When there is no support movement,
then the restraint columns and rows can
be eliminated.
112
Kg
1
500
0
B
- 500 0
0
0
0
0
- 500 0
500
g
=
4
0
0
500
-500 0
g
K =
2
- 500 0
C
0
0
0
Ks =
500 0
g
5
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
-500
-500
-250
250
-250 750
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
0
0
-500 250
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
500 0 -500
0
Kg =
6
-250250
250 -250
250 -500
750 -250
250 -250 -250 250
750
B
D
250 -250 -250 250
B
-250 250 250 -250
250
A
0
0 -500 0 500
= 250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250 250
0
g
=
3
0
-250 -250 250
A
C
250 250 -250 -250
500
0
B
0 -500
500 0 - 500 0
0
0 0
0
-250
0
A
D
750
-250
-250
750
C
6
A
1
113
d1
Ks =
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
750
250 -500
-250 -250
250
750
-250 -250
d1
-500 d2
-500
750 -250
-250
250 d3
-250 750
-500 250
-250 d4
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
0
0
d5
d6
750
-250 d7
-250
750 d8
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
114
d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
d1
d2
F1
750
250 -500
-250 -250
F2
F3
F4
250
750
-250 -250
-500
-500
750 -250
-250
250
-250 750
-500 250
-250
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
d8
F5
F6
F7
F8
-250 -250
-250 -250
-500
0
0
0
50
-100
750 250 -500

250 750
0
-250 250 -500

250 -250
0
-500
0
0
0
750
0
750
-250
-250
750
0
0 -250 250
750 250 -500
0
d3
d5
250 750
-250 -500
250
d6
750
-250
d7
-250
750
d8
Stiffness
Equation
d8
d7
d6
d5
d2
d1
d4
d3
B
115
Example 3:
Calculate the joint displacements for the shown
truss due to the shown forces where the axial
stiffness = 500 kN/cm for all members
40 kN
100 kN
200 kN
E
100 kN
40 kN
F
4
A
4m
4m
116
Elements (AB, BC, DE, EF )
= 500
-1
-1
A,B,D,E
500
B,C,E,F
- 500 0
cs = 0.0
- 500
500
= 0.0
c2 = 1.0
s2 = 0.0
A,B,D,E
B,C,E,F
117
Elements ( AD, BE, CF )
= 500
-1
-1
A,B,C
=
90.0
c2 = 0.0
s2 = 1.0
D,E,F
500
-500
500
A,B,C
cs = 0.0
-500
D,E,F
118
Elements ( AE, BF )
0.5
0.5
= 500
0.5
0.5
-0.5 -0.5
-0.5 -0.5
-0.5 -0.5
0.5
0.5
-0.5 -0.5
0.5
0.5
A,B
250
250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250 250
-250 -250 250
250
=
45.0
c2 = 0.5
E,F
250 -250 -250
s2 = 0.5
A,B
cs = 0.5
E,F
119
Elements ( BD, CE )
0.5
= 500
-0.5
0.5
-0.5
-0.5 0.5
0.5
-0.5
0.5
-0.5 0.5
-0.5
-0.5 0.5
-0.5 0.5
B,C
250
= 135.0
c2 = 0.5
s2 = 0.5
D,E
-250 -250 250
cs = -0.5
B,C
-250 250 250 -250

-250 250 250 -250
250
-250 -250 250
D,E
120
K =
A,B,D,E
B,C,E,F
500 0
- 500 0
- 500 0
500 0
A,B
250 250
250 250
-250 -250
-250 -250
Ks =
A,B,
D,E
D,E,F
A,B
500 0 -500 ,C
B,C,
E,F
-500 0
B,C
-250 -250 A,
-250 -250 B
250 250
E,
250 250 F
0
500
D,E
,F
D,E
250 -250 -250 250

g
K =
E
E,F
1500
A,B,C
-250 250
1000 250 -250
B,
C
-250 250 250 -250

-250 250 250 -250
D,
E
250 -250 -250 250
-250 -250
-500 -250 -250
-250 250 750 -250 -500
250 -250 -250 750
-500
1500
-500
-500
1000
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
B
D D
121
Modeling
d4
d3
d6
E
d5
d8
d7
d2
d1
A
B
122
d1
d2
1500
Ks =
d3
d4
d5
-250 250
1000 250 -250
d6
d7
d8
d1
-500 -250 -250 d2
d3
d4
d5
d6
d7
750 d8
-250 -250
-250 250 750 -250 -500
250 -250 -250 750
-500
1500
-500
-500
1000
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
123
F1
F2
F3
40
-100
F4
F5
Force
Vector
-200
F7
F8
-40
-100
d6
d3
d8
d5
d7
d2
F6
d4
d1
40 kN
100 kN
200 kN
E
100 kN
40 kN
F
A
B
C
124
Stiffness Equation
F1
1500
F2
-250 250
1000 250 -250
-250 -250
d1
-500 -250 -250
d2
F3
-250 250 750 -250 -500
d3
F4
250 -250 -250 750
d4
-500
1500
-500
d5
-500
1000
d6
F7
-250 -250
-500
750
250
F8
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
d7
d8
F5
F6
125
Stiffness Equation
1500
0
40
-100
0
-200
-40
-100
-250 250
1000 250 -250
-250 -250
d1
-500 -250 -250
d2
-250 250 750 -250 -500
d3
250 -250 -250 750
d4
-500
1500
-500
d5
-500
1000
d6
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
d7
d8
126
Displacements
d1
1500
d2
-250 250
1000 250 -250
-250 -250
-500 -250 -250
-1
- 0.340
0.095
-0.215
d3
-250 250 750 -250 -500
d4
250 -250 -250 750
40
-100
d5
d6
d7
d8
-500
1500
-500
-500
1000
-200
-0.370
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
-40
-100
-0.095
-0.215
127
d1
d2
- 0.340
d3
0.095
-0.215
d4
d5
d4
-0.370
d7
d8
-0.095
-0.215
d3
d5
d8
d7
d2
d6
d6
d1
40 kN
100 kN
200 kN
E
100 kN
40 kN
F
A
B
C
128
System Reduction
129
From
Symmetry
d1 = 0
d5 = 0
d7 = - d3
d8 = d4
d4
D
d6
d3
d8
d5
d7
d2
d1
40 kN
100 kN
200 kN
E
100 kN
40 kN
F
A
B
C
130
d1 = 0
d5 = 0
d7 = - d 3
d8 = d4
From Symmetry
d1
d2
d3
d4
d6
d7
d8
0
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
d5
D = R
8x1
8x4
Dr
d2
d3
d4
d6
Reduced
displacement
vector
4x1
131
F = K
8x1
8x8
8x1
D = R
F = K R Dr
8x1
8x8 8x4
8x1
8x4
Dr
4x1
4x1
RT F = RT K R Dr
4x8
8x1
Fr
4x1
Fr = R F
T
4x8
8x8
= Kr
4x4
8x4
4x1
Dr
4x1
Kr = RT K R
132
1500
0
40
-100
0
-200
-40
-100
-250 250
1000 250 -250
-250 -250
d1
-500 -250 -250
d2
-250 250 750 -250 -500
d3
250 -250 -250 750
d4
-500
1500
-500
d5
-500
1000
d6
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
d7
d8
R=
0
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
133
Fr = RT F
40
-100
-200
0
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
-40
-100
0
0
134
Fr = RT F
=
-1
0
0
40
-100
0
-200
Fr =
-40
-100
80
-200
-200
135
Kr = RT K R
=
-1
1500
0
-250 250
1000 250 -250
-250 -250
-500 -250 -250
-250 250 750 -250 -500
250 -250 -250 750
-500
1500
-500
-500
1000
-250 -250
-500
750
250
-250 -250
0
0
250
750
0
0
-1
0
0
1
0
0
136
Kr = RT K R
=
1000
500
-500
-500
500
1500
-500
-500
-500
1500
-500
1000
Reduced Stiffness Equation

0
1000
500
-500
-500
d2
80
500
1500
-500
d3
-200
-500
-500
1500
d4
-200
-500
1000
d6
137
Reduced Stiffness Equation

0
1000
500
-500
-500
d2
80
500
1500
-500
d3
-200
-500
-500
1500
d4
-200
-500
1000
d6
-1
d2
1000
500
-500
-500
d3
500
1500
-500
-500
-500
1500
-200
-500
1000
-200
d4
d6
- 0.340
0
80
0.095
-0.215
-0.370
138
d2
d3
d4
d6
- 0.340
d1
0.095
d2
- 0.340
-0.215
d3
-0.370
d4
0.095
-0.215
d5
d6
-0.370
d7
d8
-0.095
-0.215
139
Questions
140

Lecture No.: 8 ةنماثلا ةرضاحملا

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Lecture No.: 8 ةنماثلا ةرضاحملا

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture No.: 8 ةنماثلا ةرضاحملا

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture No.

Drive the member transformation matrix

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

Obtain the deformation

Find internal forces in members

egrees of freedom (DOF)

Drive the member local stiffness matrix

k12 k13 k14

First column in Local Stiffness matrix

Second column in Local Stiffness matrix

Third column in Local Stiffness matrix

Fourth column in Local Stiffness matrix

Drive the member transformation matrix

F1 = Fl1 cos Fl2 sin

F2 = Fl1 sin + Fl2 cos

F3 = Fl3 cos Fl4 sin

F4 = Fl3 sin + Fl4 cos

F1 = Fl1 cos Fl2 sin

F3 = Fl3 cos Fl4 sin

F4 = Fl3 sin + Fl4 cos

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

Member Global Stiffness Matrix

Member Global Stiffness Matrix

E = 2000 kN/cm2, ABA= 100 cm2, ACA= 200 cm2

EA/L = 500 kN/cm

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

For horizontal members ( = 0 )

EA/L = 800 kN/cm

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

EA/L = 800 kN/cm

384 -512 -384

288 -384 -288

-512 -384 512 384

-384 -288 384 288

384 288 -384 -288

-384 -288 384 288

1012 384 -500

512 384 -512 -384

Calculate the reactions

To find internal forces in members

horizontal left movement 0.5 cm of joint C

Calculate the reactions

Which is the same

To find internal forces in members

Global stiffness matrix

cos sin cos2 sin2

250 250 -250 -250

250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250

-250 -250 250

-250 250 250 -250

750 250 -500

-250 250 -500

250 -250 -250 250

= 250 250 -250 -250

-250 -250 250

750 250 -500