H THNG iU KHIN PHI TUYN

I. Gii thieu ve logic m:

1. Khai niem ve tap m: a. nh ngha: Tap m F xac nh tren tap kinh ien M la mot tap ma moi phan t cua no la mot cap cac gia tr (x, F(x)) trong o x M va F la anh xa. F: M [0, 1] Anh xa F c goi la ham lien thuoc (hoac ham phu thuoc) cua tap m F. Tap kinh ien M c goi la c s cua tap m F.

2. Cac phep toan tren tap m: a. Phep hp:

1. AB(x) = min{1, A(x) + B(x)} (Phep hp Lukasiewicz), 2. AB(x) = A(x) + B(x) - A(x).B(x) (Tong trc tiep),...

b. Phep giao:

1. AB(x) = max{0, A(x) + B(x) - 1} (Phep giao Lukasiewicz),

2. AB(x) =A (x)B(x)

(Tch ai so),...

c. Phep bu:

Ac(x) = 1 - A(x).

3. Luat hp thanh m:

Luat hp thanh MAX-MIN: Luat hp thanh MAX-MIN la ten goi mo hnh (ma tran) R cua menh e hp thanh A B khi ham lien thuoc AB(x, y) cua no c xay dng tren quy tac MAX-MIN. Luat hp thanh MAX-PROD

4. Giai m: Bo ieu khien m cho du vi mot hoac nhieu luatieu khien (menh e hp thanh) cung cha the ap dung c trong ieu khien oi tng, v au ra luon la mot gia tr m B. Mot bo ieu khien m hoan chnh can phai co them khau giai m (qua trnh ro hoa tap m au ra B). Giai m la qua trnh xac nh mot gia tr ro y nao o co the chap nhan c t ham lien thuoc B(y) cua gia tr m B (tap m). Co hai phng phap giai m chu yeu la phng phap cc ai va phng phap iem trong tam.

a. Phng phap cc ai:

b. Phng phap iem trong tam: Phng phap iem trong tam se cho ra ket qua y la hoanh o cua iem trong tam mien c bao bi truc hoanh va ng B(y). Cong thc xac nh y theo phng phap iem trong tam nh sau:

II. ng dung logic m trong ieu khien

1. Cac thanh phan c ban cua he thong ieu khien t ong:

2.Bo ieu khien m: a. Bo ieu khien m c ban: Nhng thanh phan c ban cua mot bo ieu khien m bao gom khau Fuzzy hoa, thiet b thc hien luat hp thanh va khau giai m. Mot bo ieu khien m ch gom ba thanh phan nh vay co ten goi la bo ieu khien m c ban.

Do bo ieu khien m c ban ch co kha nang x ly cac gia tr tn hieu hien thi nen no thuoc nhom cac bo ieu khien tnh. Tuy vay e m rong mien ng dung cua chung vao cac bai toan ieu khien ong, cac khau ong hoc can thiet se c noi them vao bo ieu khien m c ban. Cac khau ong o ch co nhiem vu cung cap them cho bo ieu khien m c ban cac gia tr ao ham hay tch phan cua tn hieu. Vi nhng khau ong bo sung nay, bo ieu khien c ban se c goi la bo ieu khien m ong.

B iu khin m c bn

b. Tong hp bo ieu khien m:

* nh ngha cac bien vao ra: Xac nh cac bien ngon ng vao/ra va at ten cho chung. * Xac nh tap m: nh ngha cac bien ngon ng vao/ra bao gom so cac tap m va dang cac ham lien thuoc cua chung, can xac nh: Mien gia tr vat ly (c s) cua cac bien ngon ng vao/ra So lng tap m (gia tr ngon ng) Xac nh ham lien thuoc: Ri rac hoa cac tap m

* Xay dng cac luat ieu khien: * Chon thiet b hp thanh: Co the chon thiet b hp thanh theo nhng nguyen tac tren,bao gom: s dung cong thc co luat MAX-MIN, MAX-PROD, s dung cong thc Lukasiewics co luat SUM-MIN, SUM-PROD, s dung tong Einstein, s dung tong trc tiep, * Chon nguyen ly giai m:

3.B iu Khin M Tnh Cc b iu khin m tnh l nhng b iu khin c quan h vo/ra y(x),theo dng phng trnh i s.Cc b iu khin tnh in hnh l b khuch i P,b iu khin r le 3.1.B iu khin m t l B iu khin m n gin theo lut t l l mt b iu khin c mt u vo,mt u ra v tn hiu ra ca b iu khin lun t l vi s bin i ca tn hiu u vo cho ti khi n t c gi tr bo ha

Tng hp b iu khin m t l cho h thng iu khin nhit

ET

B iu khin m t l

Gii m

i tng

Thit b o iu khin nhit bng b iu khin m t l

 u vo :ET thay i trong khong t -20oC n 20oC u ra:P l cng sut lm mt vi gi tr vt l thay i t -5kW n 5kW. Cho bin vo v bin ra 3 gi tr m NS,ZE,PS Lut hp thnh gm 3 lut iu khin: R1:IF ET=NS THEN P=NS Hoc R2:IF ET =ZE THEN P=ZE Hoc R3:IF ET=PS THEN P=PS

3.2.Tng hp b iu khin m tuyn tnh tng on Thut ton tng hp b iu khin m c ng c tnh y(x) tuyn tnh tng on cho trc nh sau: 1)Xc nh cc im nt (xk ,yk ) 2)nh ngha n tp m u vo Ak 3)Xc inh n tp m u ra Bk 4)nh ngha tp n lut iu khin dng Rk: IF X=AK THEN Y=BK, K=1,2,,n 5)S dng nguyn tc cao gii m

V d: ng y(x) cho trc cho trong hnh v:

2 1 -5 -4 -2 -1 2 3 5 x

-3

Cc tp m u vo:A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6 Cc tp m u ra:B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6 Thit b hp thnh ca b iu khin gm 6 lut: R1: IF X= A1 THEN Y=B1 Hoc R2: IF X= A2 THEN Y=B2 Hoc R3: IF X= A3 THEN Y=B3 Hoc R4: IF X= A4 THEN Y=B4 Hoc R1: IF X= A5 THEN Y=B5 Hoc R1: IF X= A6 THEN Y=B6

 4.B iu Khin M ng

Lut iu khin x1 _ x2 _ P1 ET1 DET1 D1 Thit b hp P2 ET2 D2 DET2 thnh v m gii

I1
I2

u1 u2

i tng

y1 Y2

Thi b o

4.1.B iu khin m theo lut I Mt b iu khin m theo lut I c th thit k t mt b iu khin m theo lut P(b iu khin m tuyn tnh) bng cch mc ni tip mt khu tch phn vo trc hoc sau khi m
Lut hp thnh
Nhiu

ET _

Fuzzy ha

Thit b hp thnh v gii m

i tng

4.2.B iu khin m theo lut PD

Nhiu

ET _

d _ dt

B iU KHIN M

i tng