Inertial frame of Reference

Inertial frame of refrences are those frames of reference in which newton's first and second law of motion is always hold true A frame of reference in which Newton's law are not valid is called non-inertial frame of refrence In an inertial frame if a body is not acted by external force ,it continues to be in state of rest or uniform translatory motion.Thus in an inertial frame if the body is not acted upon by an external force then accleration would be zero a=(d2r/dt2)=0 If a frame is inertial frame ,then all those frames which are moving with constant velocity relative to the previous frame are also inertial frames Inertial frame of refrence are necessarly unaccelerated frames because if the frame is acclerated the particle moving with uniform velocity will appear<="" p="">

(9) Fictitious ( or Pseudo ) Forces

We already know about Non-inertial frame of reference .All the accelrated and rotatig frame of reference are non-inertial frame of refrence Consider an interial frame of reference S and let S' be any other frame moving with accleration w.r.t to frame S as shown in the below figure

Now if no external forces are acting on particle P .Then its acceleration would be zero in Frame S but in frame S',an observer will find an acceleration -a0 acting on the particle. The observer force on particle P of mass m in Frame S' is -ma0 But in reality no such force is acting on the particle and particle appears to be accelerated in this non-inertial frame of reference.Such one force is known as

Pseudo or Fictitious Force. Hence Pseudo Force on particle is FP=-ma0 Now if we apply Fi on the particle and ai is the observed accleration of particle in S frame(Inertial frame) The according to Newton's law Fi=mai For calculating net force in accelerated frame consider both the frames S and S' coincid at time t=0 .After time t let ri and rn be the position vector of the particle in frame S and S' respectively The relation between ri and rn is ri =rn +(1/2)a0t2 Where a0 is the acceleration of frame S' wrt frame S Differentiating the equation w.r.t time twice ai=an + a0 or mai-ma0=man => F0 + FP=FN This equation gives obesrved force in acclerated frame of reference