Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Bs 4395 1 1969
Bs 4395 1 1969
METRIC SERIES
Part 1. General Grade
SPECIFICATION FOR
METRIC SERIES
Part 1. General Grade
UDC 621.
882:624.014.2:693.8
A complete list of British Standards, numbering over 5000, fully indexed and with a note of the contents of each, will be found in the British Standards Yearbook. The BS Yearbook may be consulted in many public libraries and sirnilar institutions.
This Standard makes reference to the following British Standards : BS 18. Methods for tensile testing of metals. BS 21. Pipe threads. BS 240. Methodfor Brinell hardness test. Part 1. Testing of metals. Methodfor Vickers hardness test. BS 421. Part 1. Testing of metals. BS 891. Method for Rockwell hardness test. Part 1. Testing of metals. BS 1580. Unified screw threads. BS1916. Limits and fits for engineering. BS 3643. 1SO metric screw threads. Part 1. Thread data and Standard thread series. Part 2. Limits and tolerances for coarse pitch series threads. BS... .* The use of high strength friction grip bolts in structural engineering. Part 1. General grade metric series.
*In coursc of preparation.
British Standards are revised, when necessary, by rhe issue either o amedment Slips or o revised editions. I t is irnportanl that f f Users o British Standards should ascertain that they are in f possession o the lotest amendments oreditions. f
The followiag BSI Wferenar relate to the work on this Standard:
Page 5 6
8 8 8
9 9
Material Heat treatment Mechanical properties Test Programme General test requirements Dimensions and finish Marking
3. NUTS
9 9 9 12
15 15
Material Heat treatment Mechanik1 properties General test requirements Dimensions and finish Marking
4. WASHERS
15 15 16 16
19
Material Heat treatment Hardness tests General test requirements Dimensions and tolerances Finish 4.7 Marking
5. IhSPECIlON
19 19 19 20 20 20
23
5.1
or
23
Order 3
BS 4395 : Part
1 : 1969
Page BSI policy Statement on screw threads and the metric System 24 B. Testing of mechanical properties of steel bolts 25 C. Testing of mechanical properties of steel nuts 28 D. Test Programme 30 E. Recommended gauge for checking squareness of thread to face of nut 31 F. Standard nominal lengths and preferred sizes of ISO metric high strength friction grip bolts 33 (general grade)
APPENDICES
A.
TABLES
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
Number of pieces comprising a batch of bolts Tolerance on nominal length Thread lengths Mechanical properties of bolts Dimensions of hexagon head bolts Number of pieces comprising a batch of nuts Proof loads for nuts (coarse pitch series) Dimensions of hexagon nuts Number of pieces cornprising a batch of washers Dimensions of flat round washers Dimensions of square taper washers Dimensions for wedge loading test FIGURES
9
10 11
13 14
15 17
18
19
21 22
28
1. Chamfering, facing and marking of bolts 2. Hexagon bolts 3. Marking of nuts 4. Hexagon nut 5 . Flat round washer 6. Square taper washers 7. Test piece 8. Application of proof load t o f d lsize bolt 9. Wedge loading of full size bolt 10. Proof load test for nut 11. Nut squareness gauge 4
11
14
17 18 21
22 25
26 27 29 32
CO-OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS
Thc Mechanical Engineering Induatry Standards " I i t t e e , UdBr whose supervision thic British Standard was p m p d . C N F Of OU scntativcs from thc followlng Govemmmt deplnmcnll M d nSnrtliC Md industrial organizaaons: h o c i a t e d Offices' T a h n i u l C + m i t t e e kweiation of Consultrng Englnem Association of Mininp Elcctrlul and Mahaniul Engincm Board of Tradc British Chemiul Plant Manufacturen' Auociation British Comprcued Air Sosiety *Brltish Elcctrical and Allied Manufacturen' Associatioo Britirh Gear Manufncturen' Auociation British lntcrnal,Combustion.Ensine d - ' M AYociatiOO British Mcchanlcal E n g m w C o n f ~ L l o o British Puma MMufacNren' D -a *British Stecilndurtry Crown Agcnts for ovnrol.Oorramcnb Admiahtntiom Dcpartment of EmploymcDt Md ProdUCtIVlIY (H.M. Factory Inspcctonte) *Elcctriclty Council. the Central Elatricity Gencrating Boud and thC Arca Boards In England and Wak4 *Engineering Equlpment U m ' Anocintion Gas Councll lnstlcutc of Marine Engineen Institution of Civil Engineen lnstitutton of Gu Enginan Institution of Heating and Vcntilating Engioccn Institution of Mahaniul Ensiaorr Institution of Mahanical Engineen (Automobile Division) *Institution of Production Enginan *LOCO~OIIVCAllied Manufncturco' Associatioa of G r a t B r i b and London Transport Board OMachine Tool Tradu Amciation Ministry of Defmcc OMinitry of Dcfencc. Army D e m ( Ministry of Power *Minirtry of Public Building M d W o r b Ministry of Tahnolom *Ministry of Tahnology-National Engincerina h-m Ministry of Transport *National Coal.Board Natlonal Physlcal Labpratory (Minisw of Tcchnolow Royal Institute of Brltlsh Archltall
~ ~
The Government deprtmenll m d rcientific Md indurtrial OrpniutioN marked with an astensk in thc above liat. towhcr with che fOllOWin~. wcre directly reprrrentcd 00 the committee cntrusced wich che Pmplntion of this British Standard: Auociation of Hydraulic Equipmcnt MmufaCtUrCn BIack Bolt and Nut Auociation of Grut Britain British Rnilways Board British Constructiond Steelwork Auociation British Cyclc and Motor Cycle lndustria Auociation Ltd. Council of British Manufncturcn of Petroleum Equipmcnt Elcctronic Engineering Association Fastencn and Turned Parts Institute Institute of lron and Steel Wire Mmufacturm Ministry of Dcfence. Navy Department Post Office Reciion Bolt and Nut Institute Rolled T h r u d Scrcw Alsociation Scientific Instrument Manufacturcra' Association Socicty of Motor Manufacturcra and T r a b Ltd. Wuhcr Manufncturcn' Asaociation of G m t Britlin Individual MmUfnchrrCr
' Hexagon bolts and nuts, metric series, widths across flats, heights of heads, thicknesses of nuts *. ISO Draft Recommendation DR 950. ' Nominal lengths for bolts, screws and studs, thread lengths for general purpose bolts '. ISO Draft Recommendation DR 952. ' Hexagon bolts and nuts, metric series, tolerances on widths across flats, widths across Corners '. ISO Draft Recommendation DR 987. ' Bolts and screws, radii under thc head of general purpose bolts and screws, metric series '.
ISO Recomrnendation R 272. Although the basic hexagon sizes for the bolts and nuts are in accordance with 1SO Recommendation R 272, the next larger width across flats for any given diarneter, as shown in the normal metric series, have been selected in Order to provide greater bearing areas for both bolts and nuts.
'.
'.
'.
SPECIFICATION
1. GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
Part 1 of this British Standard specifies requirements for one (general) grade of quenched and tempered high strength friction grip hexagon head bolts and their associated nuts and washers for use in structural engineering. Dimensions are given for a range of nominal sizes from 12 mm (M 12) to 36 m (M 36) inclusive and mechanical properties are specified. Full details of tests, inspection procedure and provisions for marking are also included.
NOTE. Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that thesc bolts are correctly used if satisfactory results are to be obtained. Recommendations giving guidance in the use of this form of fastener are given in BS . . . , ' The use of high strength friction grip balts in structural engineering ', Part 1, ' General grade metric series ' (in Course of preparation). Any alternative method of use should be left to the responsibility of the engineer and should be noted on the appropriate drawings or documents, or both.
1.2 TERMINOLOGY
The term ' high strength friction grip bolts ' relates to bolts of high tensile steel, usedin conjunction withhigh tensile steel nuts and quenched and tempered steel washers, which are tightened to a predetermined shank tension in Order that the clamping force thus providedwill transfer loads in the connected members by friction between the parts and not by shear in or bearing on the bolts or plies of connected members.
2. BOLTS
2.1 MATERIAL
Steel used in the manufacture shall be thatproduced by the Open-hearth, electric or any of the oxygen processes*. The maximum content of sulphur and phosphorus shall not exceed 0.06% each. In the case of the oxygen processcs the maximum content of nitrogen shall not exceed 0.008%.
This term includes both top and bottom blown oxygen processcs.
Bolts shall be heat-treated under uniform conditions. They shall be hardened by quenching in oil or water and shall then be tempered.
2.3 MECHANICALPROPERTIES
Bolts shall meet the requirements Set out in Table 4 for all properties selected for the test Programme (See 2.4).
NOTE. The figures given in Columns 4 to 10 inclusive of Table 4 are minimum values.
Appendix D consists of a list of mechanical properties for bolts and indicates by the symbol ' 0 ' the tests to be carried out by the supplier for all bolts. The tests indicated by the symbol ' 0 ' may be carried out at the Special request of the purchaser. If these tests are required, this should be clearly stated in the enquiry, Order or contract.
2.5 GENERALTESTREQUIREMENTS
2.5.1 Number of tests. Each test selected from Appendix D shall be carried out
three times per batch of bolts. A batch shall consist of the number of pieces shown in Table 1. TABLE 1. NUMBER OF PIECES COMPRISING A BATCH OF BOLTS
- Diameter of bolt d
Up to and including16 mm
-_
Over 16 mm up to and
including 24 mm
2 500 or fraction thereof
Over 24 mm
2.5.2 Retests. Should any specimen fail to meet the requirements of a specified test, an additional sample of double the number of specimens from the Same batch at the time of manufacture shall be tested and if all the additional specimens satisfy the requirements of the test the batch shall be deemed to comply with this Standard.
The dimensions, tolerances and general finish of the bolts shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in 2.6.1 to 2.7 inclusive and in Table 5 (Fig. 2).
mm
30
50 80
Ii
Jp to and including
mrn
50 80 120
mm
i 1.25 1.50
& 1.15 & 2.00 2.30 5 2.60
120 180
250 315
180
250
315
400 500
+ 2.85
& 3.15
400
2.6.2 Ends of bolts. The ends of bolts may, at the Option of the manufacturer, be finished with either a 45" chamfer to a depth slightly exceeding the depth of the thread or with a radius approximately equal to 1% times the nominal diameter of the shank. 2.6.3 Screw threads 2.6.3.1 General. The form of thread, and diameters and associated pitches of general grade metric high strength friction grip bolts shall be in accordance with BS 3643 Part l*. 2.6.3.2 Tolerantes. The screw threads shall be made to the tolerances for the ' medium ' class of fit (6g) a specified in BS 3643 Part 2*. s 2.6.4 LRngth of thread. The length of thread on boits shall be the distance from the end of the bolt (including any chamfer or radius) to the leading face of a
BS 3643, ' ISO metric screw threads ', Part 1, ' Thread data and Standard thread Part 2, ' Limits and tolerances for coarse pitch series threads *.
series',
10
BS 4395 : Part 1 : 1969 screw ring gauge which has been screwed as far as possible on to the bolt by hand. The length of thread run out shall not exceed 2.5 tirnes the pitch of the thread. The Standard thread lengths are based on the forrnulae set out in Table 3. TABLE 3. THREAD LENGTHS
Nominal length of bolt
1
I
Length of thread.
2df6mm
Up to and including
125 mm
I
i
2d f 12mm 2d
+ 25 mm
pitches for all diarneters. Bolts that are too short for rninirnurn thread length shall be threaded as near to the head as possible, providing the radius specified in Table 5 is maintained.
2.6.5 Chamfering and facing. The heads shall be charnfered at an angle of approxirnately 30" on their upper faces. The diameter of the ring forrned by the chamfer on the upper face of the bolt shall not be srnaller than 90% of the minirnum across-flats dirnension (See Fig. 1).
' ISOM ' or ' M ' = ISO metric identification 'XYZ' manufacturer's (trade) marking
:
sel. hnr
mm.
2.7 MARKING
~~~~~~~~d
Jon.1977
Bolts shall be identified as general grade high strength friction grip bolts by being marked with three radial lines 120" apart. They shall also bear the manufacturer's identification mark and in addition shall be marked ' ISOM ' or ' M ' to signify 1SO metric thread (See Fig. I ) .
12
__
-piteh
6 1 7 1 8 1 9
Ultinute load (see Note 2) mio.
~
NOmiMl dl.mets
d
mm
dd z c lhmd
of thread
Stress
area
(e Se
min. 1 I - -- __
kiloWW-
ture
Briwll HB
Rockwell
HRC
Vicken W30
__
Mn%. Min.
P mm
A.
m' m
-L
tow
kiloWW-
tom
M. -
Min.
-255 255 255 321 321 295 295 255 255 223 223
223
__
203
34 34 34 34 34
30
25 25 25 25 25 19
19 19
2.5
3-0 3.O
19.60 192 22-94 225 26.04 259 31.82 313 46-35 445
M30
M36
3.5 4.0
817
12 286 418295 12
30 30
-M
Non-prefemd. Only to be used for the lightcr type of construction where practical conditions, such as material thickness, do not Warrant the wage of a largcr size bolt than M 12. NOTE 1. calculatedisStress arca from tensile The the followinn formula: X X
+ minor diameter)'
NOTE 2. Based on 84.38 kgf/mm' (827 N/mm') for sizes M 12 to M 24 inclusive and 73.83 kgf/mm* (725 N/mm') for sizes M 27 to M 36 inclusive. NOTE 3. Based On 64.7 kgf/rnml (635 N/mm') for sizes M 12 to M 24 inclusive and 56.73 kgf/mm' (558 N/mrn') for sizes M 27 to M 36 inclusive. Equivalent to Stress at permanent set limit &., ml,,. NOTE 4. Based on 59.77 kgf/mm' (587 N/rnm*) for sizes M 12 to M 24 inclusive and 5 2 4 4 kgf/mm' (512 N/mm') for sizcs M 27 to M 36 inclusive. NOTE 5. Hardness values arc given f c r guidana only. NOTE 6. Sec Appendix B for mcthod of carryins out: (1) ultimate load test; (2) yield load (or load at permanent sct limit Re., m ~ ) ,proof load and elongation tests; (3) hardneas
5 ...
m
i !
ta. ct s
Dimensions in millimetres
1
-___
Diameter of unthreaded shmk
d
'itch 01 head
'
Depth
'
Thickness of head
_I _
Max.
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
Mn.
Max.
8.45 10.45 13.90 14.90 15.90 17 90 20.05 24.05 7.55 9.55 12.10 13.10 14.10 16.10 17.95 21.95
- -M 12*
M 16
27
M20 M 22 M 24 M27
M30 M36
11.30 12.70 22 16.70 15.30 19.16 20.84 32 22.84 36 21.16 24.84 23.16 26.16 27.84 46 30.84 29.16 35.0
T-
__ ___ -25.4 23.70 22 31.2 29.30 27 36.9 35.03 32 416 47.3 53.1 57.7 69.3 39.55 45.20 50.85 55.37 66.44 36 41 46
50
41
37 .O
50 60
60
Non-prefemed. Only to be used for the lighter type usage of a larger size bolt than M 12.
Of
construction where practical conditions, such as material thickness, do not Warrant the
Steel used in the rnanufacture of nuts shall be that produced by the Open-hearth, electric furnace, oxygen or acid Bessemer processes. Free cutting steel shall not be used.
3.2 HEATTREATMENT
Nuts shall be heat-treated mder uniform conditions. They shall be hardened by quenching in oil and shall then be tempcred.
3.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTLES
3.3.1 Hardness test on nuts. If nuts of 30 mm diameter or over cannot be subjected to the proof load test, due to lack of suitable equiprnent, they shall be subject to a hardness test and their hardness shall not be outside the following ranges :
Min.
Max.
HB 302
0 HRC 3 HV 310
3.4.1 Number of tests. Three nuts shall be selected for the proof load or hardness test, as appropriate,frorn each batchof nuts at the time of manufacture. A batch shall consist of the nurnber of pieces shown in Table 6.
Up to and induding 16 mm
Over 1 mm up to and 6
including 24 m m Over 24 mm
15
The dimensions, tolerances and generallinish of the nutsshall be in accordance with the requirements specified in 3.5.1 to 3.6 inclusive and in Table 8 (Fig. 4). 3.5.1 Screw threads 3.5.1.1 General. The form of thread and diameters and associated pitches for general grade metric high strength nuts shall bein accordance with BS 3643 Part l*. 3.5.1;2 Tolerunces. The screw threads shall be made to the tolerances for medium class of fit (6H) as specified in BS 3643 Part 2*. 3.5.2 Chamferingand facing. Nuts shall be chamfered at an angIe of approximately 30" on their upper faces and they shall have a washer face on the bearing surface. The diameter of the ring formed by the chamfer on the nutshall not be smaller than 9 % of the minimum across-flats dimension. The bearing surface 0 of the nut shall be machined or haveasurfaceequal to thatproduced by machining. 3.5.3 Squarenessof threads to face. The bearing surface of the nut shall be square to the axis of the thread of the nut within the tolerances given in Column 11, Table 8. A gauge recommended for carrying out this test together with the manner in which the test is to be undertaken is shown in Appendix E.
36 MARKZNG .
Nutsfor use withStandardgradehighstrength friction grip bolts shall be identified by being marked on the chamfered face with three similar circumferential arcs 120 degrees apart. They shall also be marked with the Ietter ' M ' (see Fig. 3). Markings may be either embossed or indented at the Option of the manufacturer, who may also use additional marking forhis own purposes.
BS 3643, ' ISO metric screw threads ', Part 1, ' Thrcad data and Standard thrcad series ', Part 2, ' Limit sand tolerances for Eoarse pitch serics threads
'.
16
-I-
Proof l a d
tooae-force (1OOokgf)
uloaewtom
M 12 M 16 M20 M22 M 24 M 27
86 . 16-0 25 .O
3. 09 3. 60 4. 68
57 -2
84.3
157 245
303 353 459
83 -3
561 817
NOTE 1. B & On 102 kgf/mm* (1000N/mm*) the equivalont r t r w area ofthc corrupondOn ing bolt (e Table 4). se NOTE 2. For metbod of carryinp out tat, ace Appendix C.
17
Dimensions in millimetres
1 2
___-
3 ii
04
O0
Pitch of thread
p
-
Diameter of washer
Thickness of nut
m
-~
4
Rlin.
, on square-
Tolerance
-11-
hlax.
Mim
hlin.
hlax.
-.___
M 12* M 16 M 20 M 22 M 24 3 M 27 M30 M 46
3.0 3.5 4 .O
38.75
43.75 47.75 57.75
ab
0.85 1.03
* Non-preferred. Only to beused for the lighter type of construction where practrcal condltlons such usage of a larger size bolt than M 12.
Steel used in the rnanufacture of washers shall be that produced by the openhearth, electric furnace, oxygen or acid Ucsscmer pmcess.
4.2 HEAT TREATXIENI
msrs
washers shall be tested on thc sheared edge to obtain a Rat surface as specified in BS 891.
4.3.3 Alternatively the Diarnond Pyrarnid nlethod in accoIdancc with BS 427) may be useu. In this case a load of 30 kg shall be applied and the washers shall
4.4.1 Number of tests. Three washers shall be selected for the hardness test frorn
each batch of washers at the time of manufacture. A batch shall consist of the nurnber of pieces shown in Table 9.
batch
up to and including 16 mm
.-
1
1
2 500 or fractionthereof
19
test, an additional sample of double the number of specimens from the Same batch atthe time of manufacture shall be tested and if all the additional specimens satisfy the requirements of the test the batch shall be deemed to comply with this Standard.
4.5 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
4.5.1 Plain washers. The dimensions of plain washers shall be in accordance with Table 10 (Fig. 5). 4.5.2 Taper washers. The dimensions of Square taper washers shall be in accordance with Table 11 (Fig. 6). Standard angles of taper are 3", 5" and 8" and the purchaser shall specify which of these angles are required. 4.5.3. Clipped washers. When clearance d e s it necessary, plain washers may
be clipped on one side at a point not closer than seveneighths of the bolt diameter from the centre of the washer.
4.6 FINISH
4.7.1 Plain washers. Flat round washers for use with high strength friction grip bolts shall be identified by the Provision of three nibs and an indented letter ' M ' as shown in Fig. 5.
472 Taper w .3", 5" and 8" taper washers for use with high strength .. a s h friction grip bolts shall be identified with an indented letter ' M ' and the angle
of taper indicated by the following features: 3" taper washers shall have a projection as shown in Fig. 6u. This projection shall be rounded to avoid sharp e p d. 5" taper washers shall be chamfered on one comer as shown in Fig. 6 . b 8" taper washers shall be chamfered on two corners as shown in Fig. 6c.
20
Inside diameter B Max. 13.8 17.8 21.5 23.4 26.4 29.4 32.8 38.8 Min. 13.4 17.4 21.1 23.0 26.0 29.0 32.4 38.4
Outside diameter C
~~ ~
Thickness A Max. 2.8 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.2 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.6
-M 1?* M 16 M 20 M 22 M 24 M 27
M30 M36
Non-preferred
Max.
Mh.
2.4 3.0 3.3 3 43 3.8
30
37 44 50 56
60
66 85
3.8
4.2
21
BS 4395 : Part
1 : 1969
3 " Fig. 6a
A s amended Ort. I975
T
M 12* M 16 M 20
M 22 M 24 M 27
M 30 M 36
lnsidc dianletrr B
\lax.
Min.
Overall size C
Mean tllickness A
8" Taper
Non-preferred
22
rnanufacturer ;hall tnke fhc nccc.\hary i t l ' p 10 ~ I ~ S L that I ~ C the conditions relating to dimensionh and fest\ laid do\.\n i n 1111s Standard are fulfilled. If, in addition, the purchaserdeTlre; tc? makc hic own inspection,he shall state so inhis enquirpandcontract nr order. Suchinspcction shnll be carried out in accordancc * l t h the terrns statcd ~n 5.1.3.
I I
5.1.1 General.The
5.1.2 Purchaser's inspection. Thc inspectcv representing tilc pwchascr shall have access, at all reasonahle tirncs \vhile b \ ~ - v kon the contract o f thc p~~rchaser
is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer's works conccrned with the manufacture of the material ordcred. Thc rnanufacturcr shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities, wlthout Charge, to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with the requirernents of this Standard. Unless otherwise specified, all tests and inspection shall be cagied out at the place of manufacture prior to the despatch of the finished material from the works and shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the Operation of the works. 6. PURCHASING INFORMATION
6.1 INFORMATION T 0 BE SUPPLIED WITH ENQUIRY OR ORDER
In all cases when rnaking enquiries or Orders for products in accordance with this Standard the Standard nurnber shall be given (ix. BS 4395 : Part 1).
6.1.1 Bolts. For bolts the nominaldiameter
and lengthofSolt
*.
i n millirnetres
'.
23
24
using ISO inch (Unified) screw threads may lind it necessary, for various reasons, to continue with their use for sometime, Whitworth and BA threads should be
superseded by ISO metric threads in Preference to an intermediate Change to ISO inch threads.
NOTE. Threads on Pipes will continue to be BSP (to BS 21 Pipe threads ) which have been adopted as the ISO Pipe thread and which are covered in ISO Recommendation R7, Pipe threads for gas list tubes and screwed fittings where pressure-tight joints are madc on the threads (tg in to 6 in)
APPENDIX B
TESTING OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL BOLTS (See 2.3)
B.l Tensile testing of machined test pieces. Perform the tests in accordance with the requirements of BS 18* to determine the following: (1) Tensile strength. (2) Yield stress or stress at permanent Set limit of 0.2%. (3) Percentage elongation after fracture, gauge length 5.65 d r a ae .
Machine the test Piece as illustrated in Fig. 7 from an actual bolt or bolt
blank.
d = nom. thread diamcter d. = diameter of test section (lcss than minor diameter of thread) (sec Note) 6 = length of thrcad (d mh.) L = gauge length 5.65 So . & = length of straight ( . d.) L b = length of specimen (& Zr 6) So = area of test ssaion r = radius (4 mm min.) NOTE. The head o the tat Piece may be manufadured either with or without the original f w8sher faw of the bolt. Mg. 7. T pka &
+ + +
When machining the tcstspecimen the reduction of the shank diameter of heat-treated bolts w e r 16 mm thread diameter shall not exceed 2 5 % of the original diameter (ahout 44>; of the cms-sectional area) of the test specimen. B.2 Brinell hardness tcst. The Brinell hardness test shall be performed in accordance with the requircrncnts of BS 240 : Part l*. The impression should be applied either on the top OE the head or to the centre Position of the end of the bolt, after approximately 0.4 mm has been removed by grinding.
8.3 RockwellIlardnesstcst. Thc Rockwell hardness accordance with the requircrne.nts of BS 891 : Part ball or cone shall be applicd either'on the top of Position of thc c!td of the holt, after approximately by grinding.
test shall be performed in I t . The impression of the the head or to the centre
0.4 mm has been removed
B 4 Vickers . hardncss
test. The Vickers hardness test shall be performed in accordancc with the requirenlents of BS 427 : Part I $ . The impression of the
Detail X
Fig. 8.
ES 240, ' Method for Brinell hardness test ', Part 1, ' Testing of metals '. t ES 891. ' Method Tor Rockwell hardness test ', Part 1. ' Testing of metals '.
:ES 427, ' Method for Vickers hardness test ', Part 1. ' Tcsting of metals ',
26
I / I
t
Fig. 9. Wedge loading of fuu size bolt 27
l
I
Above
including Upto
and
~~
For bolts nith For bolts rith plnin shank leogth plain shank length 2 or above d less thno 2d
I
20 20
30
mm
1 -6 3.2
mm
1.3 1.6
1" 0
6"
6" 4"
This test is passed if the fracture originates in the threaded Part even if the fracture extends into the fillet or head before Separation. If failure occurs due to the Stripping of the thread, the individual test shall be discarded and another specirnen substituted.
APPENDIX C
TESTING OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL NUTS (See 3.3)
C.l Proof l a d t a t . The proof load test consists of applying the relevant proof load given in Table 7 which was obtained frorn the proof load stress given in Note 1 to Table 7. C.l.l Assemble the nut to be tested on a hardened and tempered mandrel as shown in Fig. 10 and apply the specified load in an axial direction. C.1.2 The nut shall withstand this load without failure by Stripping or rupture, and should be rernovable by the fingers after the load is released. If the threads o the mandrel are damaged during the test, the test shall be discarded. f C.1.3 It may be necessary to use a rnanual wrench to start the nut in rnotion. Such wrenching is perrnissible providing it is restricted to a half turn and the nut is then removable by the fingers following initial loosening. C.2 Harden4 mandrel. The rnandrel shall have a hardness of not less than
RockwellC45. The thread shall be tolerance class 4hexcept that the major diarneter shall be equal to the minimurn rnajor diameter for class 4h with a plus tolerance of one quarter of the 6g major diameter tolerence.
28
2
D=d with limits to Cldss D11 (BS1916)*
U
Lodd
C.3 Hardened test plate. The test plate shall have a hardness of not less than Rockwell C38. C.4 Hardness tests On nuts. Brinell. Rockwell or Vickers hardness m y be determined. Apply the impression to the top or bottom face of the nut, otherwise on the side of the nut. C.4.1 Perform a Brinell hardness test in accordance with the requirements of BS 240 : Part lt. C.4.2 Perform a Rockwell hardness test in accordance with the requirements of BS 891 : Part 11. C.4.3 Perform a Vickers hardness test in accordance with the requirements of BS 427 : Part I$.
BS 240. ' Method for Brinell hardness test ', Part 1. ' Testing of metals $ BS 891, ' Method for Rockwell hardness test ', Part 1. ' Testing of metals '. 5 BS 427, Method for Vickers hardness test '. Part 1. ' Testing of metals
'. '.
29
TEST PROGRAMME
Test No.
Mechanical propcrty
Test method
I
1.
Obligatory 0
_-
between manufacturcr
and purchaser @
By arrangement
-1 -
Tensile strength
Yield Stress or Stress ar pcrmanent set
Tcmile test using test piece without wedgc Tensile test using test piece Tensile test using
test piece
2.
limit of 0.20,;
3.
Percentagc elongation after fracture Strcss untier proof IOild Swcng:h under wcdgc loading Iiardncss
I
1.
Proof load lest on bolt without wedge Wedge loading test on bolt Rockwell or Vickers lest on bolt
5.
6.
NOTE. l f all tests are rcquired. and each test i s carried out once. two bolts are sufficient for
this
purpose.
0 0
0 Bolts M 30 and under only* a 3
30
31
ss tolerance (maximum)
Thread tapered at
an included angle
of approx.
''2"
APPENDIX F
STANDARD NOMINAL LENGTHS AND PREFERRED SIZESOF ISO METRIC HIGH STRENGTH FRICTION GRIP BOLTS (GENERAL GRADE)
Standard nominal Ier&s
40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 220 240 260 280 300 325 350 375 400 425 450 475 500
12;
M 16
M 20 M 22
M24
M 12.
M 21 M 30 M 36
Non-preferrcd. Only 10 be uscd for the lighter type of construction whcre practical conditions such as material thickness do not Warrant the usage of a larger slze bolt than
NOTE. m inclusion of dimensional data in this Standard is not intended to imply that all of thc producls dcscribcd are stock production sizes. e The p u r c b r is requcrtcd to comult with thc manufacturcr concerning lists of stock production sizes.
BRITISH STANDARDS
The following are available on application:
YEARBOOK
Including subject index and numerical list of British Standards SECTIONAL LISTS. Gratis Acoustics (SL 10) Aerospace materials and components (SL 25) Automobile (SL 34) Brttish Standard Handbooks (SL 27) Building (SL 16) Chemical engineering (SL 5 ) Chemicals, fats, glues, oils, soap, etc. (SL 4) Cincmatography and photography (SL I ) Coal, coke and colliery requisites (SL 13) Codcs of Practice (SL 8) Consumer goods (SL 3) Documentation, including Universal Decimal Classification (SL 35) Drawing practice (SL 37) Electrical engineering (SL 26) Farming, dairying and allied interests (SL 31) Furniture, bedding and furnishings (SL 1 I) Gardcning, horticdture and landscape work (SL 41) Gas and solid fuel and refractories (SL 2) Glassware, excluding laboratory apparatus (SL 39) Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (SL 42) Hospital equipment (SL 18) Illumination and lighting fittings (SL 14) lndustrial instruments, etc. (SL 17) lron and steel (SL 24) Laboratory apparatus (SL 23) Leather, Plastics, rubber (SL 12) Local authority purchasing officers guide (SL 28) Machine tools (SL 20) Mechanical engineering (SL 6) Nomenclature, Symbols and abbreviations (SL 29) Non-ferrous mctals (SL 19) Nuclear energy (SL 36) Packaging and Containers (SL 15) Paints, varnishes. paint ingredients and colours for paints (SL 9) Personal safety equipment (SL.30) Petroleum industry (SL 38) Printing and stationery, paper and board (SL 22) Road engineering (SL 32) Shipbuilding (SL 4 ) 0 Textiles and clothing (SL 33) Welding (SL 7)
Applications should be addressed to: B R I T I S H S T A N D A R D S INSTITUTION Sales Branch Telephone: 01 -837 8801 Newton House, 101/113 Pentonville Rd., London. N.l
The British Standards Institution was founded in 1901 and incorporated by Royal Charter in 1929. The principal objects of the Institution as Set out in the Charter are to Co-Ordinate the efforts of Producers and Users forthe improvement, standardization and simplification of engineering and industrial materials; to simplify production and distribution; to eliminate the waste of time and material involved in the production of an unnecessary variety of Patterns and sizes of articles forone and the Same purpose; to set up Standards of quality and dimensions, and to promote the general adoption of British Standards. In carrying out its work the Institution endeavours to ensure adequate representation of all viewpoints. Before embarking on any project it must be satisfied that there is a strong body of opinion infavour of proceeding and thatthere is a recognized need to bc rnet. The Institution is a non-profit-making concern. It is financed by subscriptions from firms, trade associations, professional institutions and other bodies interested in its work, by a Government grant and by the sale of its publications. The demands on the Services of the Institution are steadily increasing and can only be met if continuing and increased financial Support is provided. Membership of theInstitution is opem to British subjects, companies, technical and trade associations. and local and public authorities.
AMD 2198
Amendment Slip No.2, published 31 January 1977 to BS 4395 : Part 1 : 1969 High strength friction grip bolts and associated nuts and washers for structural engineering. Metric series Part 1 . General grade Revised text
Fig. 1. Chamfering, facing and marking of bolts. In the legend to the right of the figure, after ISOM insert or M. Clause 2.7 Marking. In line 3, after ISOM insert or M.
7906 -0.Qk-B