Defining The Research Problem

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DEFINING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

WHAT IS A RESEARCH PROBLEM?

From symptoms to problem Components of a research problem:


There must be an individual or group which has some difficulty or the problem There must be some objective (s) to be attained at. If one wants nothing, one cannot have a problem There must be alternative means (or the courses of action) for obtaining the objective (s) one wishes to attain. This means that there must be atleast two means available to a researcher for if he has no choice of means, he cannot have a problem.

There must remain some doubt in the mind of a researcher with regard to the selection of alternatives. This means that research must answer the question concerning the relative efficiency of the possible alternatives. There must be some environment (s) to which the difficulty pertains.

Necessity of defining the problem


A problem well-stated is a problem halfsolved Helps chalk out a plan

Technique involved in defining a problem


Laying boundaries within which a researcher shall study the problem with a pre-determined objective in view (i) Statement of the problem in a general way field observation or preliminary survey (ii) Understanding the nature of the problem discussion and introspection

(iii) Surveying the available literature (iv) Developing the ideas through discussions experience survey (v) Rephrasing the research problem putting it as specific as possible so that it may become operationally viable and may help in the development of working hypotheses

In addition the following needs to be considered:


Clear definition of technical terms/jargons/words/phrases Basic assumptions or postulates (if any) relating to the research problem should be clearly stated. A straight forward statement of the value of the investigation (i.e. the criteria of the selection of the problem) should be provided

The suitability of the time-period and the sources of data available must be considered The scope of the investigation or the limits within which the problem is to be studied must be mentioned explicitly in defining a research problem

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