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Ratios, Rates and Proportions

1. Find the ratios of the following quantities and express them in the form a : b. (a) 5 litres to 15 litres (b) 450 g to 3 kg a 2. State each of the following ratios in the form . b (a) 17 g to 30 g (b) 2 years to 6 months 3. Determine if each of the following pairs of ratios is equivalent. If so, write u, otherwise write 2. (a) 20 : 28 and 4 : 7 (b) 105 : 36 and 70 : 24 4. Simplify each of the following ratios to its lowest terms. 1 3 (a) 1 : 3 4 1 (b) 2 : 55 2 5. Complete the table below. m:n (a) (b) (c) 5:3 15 : 4 5:1 n:m m : m + n n : m + n m n : m m + n : m n 2n : m + n

6. State whether the following pairs of quantities are proportional. If proportional write u, otherwise write 2. 12 30 (a) and 2 6 12 18 (b) and 40 60

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7. Determine whether the following pairs of quantities are proportional. If proportional write u, otherwise write 2. (a) A manager can dictate 180 words in 3 minutes and his secretary can type 280 words in 5 minutes. (b) The table shows the number of students in Form 2. School A Boys Girls 80 90 School B 96 108

8. Evaluate each of the following using unitary method. (a) Given the value of m is 54 kg and the ratio n : m = 4 : 9. What is the value of n? (b) If p : 5 = 4.8 : 6.0, then p = 9. Find the value of p using the cross-multiplication method. (a) 4 : p = 20 : 15 (b) p : 8 = 35 : 56 (c) 18 : 24 = p : 4 (d) 74.2 : p = 7 : 5 10. Complete the table below by finding the values of a and b. a:b (a) (b) (c) (d) 4:5 12 : 13 8:3 9:4 a+b 108 15 16.5 91 a b

11. Find the sum of two quantities. a:b (a) (b) (c) 6 : 13 8:7 2 : 15 (a b) or (b a) 56 1.5 46.8 a+b

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12.
P Q R

The diagram shows a straight line PQR divided in the ratio PQ : QR = 5 : 3. Given the length of QR is 13.5 cm. What is the length of PR? 13. Write each of the following quantities in the form a : b : c. (a) RM1.50 : RM5 : 75 sen (b) 4 kg : 500 g : 5.2 kg 14. Determine whether the given ratios are equivalent. If they are equivalent, write u, otherwise write 2. (a) 42 : 54 : 18 and 7 : 9 : 3 (b) 45 : 24 : 16 and 5 : 3 : 2 15. Simplify each of the following ratios to its lowest terms. (a) 1.5 : 3.5 : 8.5 (b) 48 : 8 : 96 16. Complete the following table. a:b:c (a) (b) 8 : 3 : 12 7 : 5 : 20 a:b a:c b:c b+c:a+c a:a+b+c

17. Find the ratio of a : b : c, given the ratios of two quantities. (a) a : b = 5 : 3 and a : c = 5 : 9 (b) a : b = 4 : 11 and c : b = 5 : 11 18. Find the ratio of a : b : c given the ratios of two quantities. (a) a : b = 7 : 3 and a : c = 2 : 5 (b) a : b = 10 : 7 and a : c = 15 : 2 19. Given a : b : c = 8 : 2 : 9 and a = 3.2. Calculate the values of b and c using unitary method.

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20. Find the values of the other two quantities using cross-multiplication. a:b:c (a) (b) 2:5:8 3:1:6 a b 40 60 c

21. Complete the following table. a:b:c (a) (b) 1:7:4 3:8:2 a+b+c 144 42 a b c

22. Find the sum of a, b and c. (a) Given a : b : c = 1 : 8 : 2 and b c = 42. (b) Given a : b : c = 3 : 2 : 7 and c a = 32. 23. The mass of Azhar, Azmi and Azman is in the ratio 5 : 4 : 6. The difference in mass between Azmi and Azman is 15.6 kg. What is the total mass of three boys?

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