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Huong Dan Chi Tiet Lap Ban CKBVMT
Huong Dan Chi Tiet Lap Ban CKBVMT
Huong Dan Chi Tiet Lap Ban CKBVMT
***&***
BN CAM KT BO V MI TRNG
H NI - 2008
1
MC LC
LI NI U .......................................................................................................................... 3
PHN I: NHNG VN CHUNG .................................................................................... 4
1.1. M u ................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Cc phng php TM s dng trong khi lp bn cam kt.................................................. 5
1.3. Ni dung ca Bn CKBVMT ................................................................................................ 5
1.4. Nhng quy nh chung v Bn CKBVMT ............................................................................ 6
PHN II: CU TRC V YU CU NI DUNG CA BN CAM KT BO V MI
TRNG ................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1. Thng tin chung ca d n .................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1. Tn d n. ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.2. Ch u t. .................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.3. a ch lin h ................................................................................................................ 7
2.2. a im thc hin d n ...................................................................................................... 7
2.3. Quy m d n. ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1. Tr lng ti nguyn ca d n .................................................................................. 8
2.3.2. Quy m sn xut ........................................................................................................... 8
2.3.3. Bin gii khai trng: .................................................................................................. 9
2.3.4. Cng ngh khai thc ..................................................................................................... 9
2.3. 5. Tng hp cc thit b chnh ca m. ........................................................................ 12
2.3.6. Tng hp nhu cu nng lng, nhin liu v nc phc v sn xut .................. 12
2.4. Tc ng ca d n n mi trng ................................................................................... 12
2.4.1. Cc loi cht thi pht sinh ...................................................................................... 13
2.4.2. Cc tc ng khc ....................................................................................................... 16
2.5. Bin php gim thiu tc ng tiu cc .............................................................................. 17
2.5.1. X l cht thi ............................................................................................................. 17
2.6. Cam kt thc hin ................................................................................................................ 21
LI NI U
Thc hin nghim tc Lut Bo v mi trng, trong nhng nm qua hu ht cc d n
pht trin kinh t trong c cc d n khai thc m quan tm v thc hin cc trch nhim
bo v mi trng ni chung v nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) ni ring. Cc Bo co
TM v Bn cam kt Bo v Mi trng (CKBVMT) m trc y gi l Bn ng k t Tiu
chun Cht lng Mi trng ca cc d n khai thc m c tin hnh v vn dng theo cc
vn bn hng dn ca B KHCN v MT (nay l B TN&MT) ban hnh t trc nhng nm
2000. Ti nay, do c mt s thay i trong cc vn bn php quy mi (Lut Bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP) v mt khc, do nhu cu ca x hi ngy cng cao v cc loi
nguyn, nhin, vt liu c ngun gc t khong sn, cc hot ng khai thc, ch bin than, qung
cc loi, vt liu xy dng,... pht trin mnh m trong ton quc. Ngoi nhng d n ln phi lp
bo co TM theo quy nh ca iu 18- Lut BVMT v Ph lc 1 ca Ngh nh Chnh ph s
80/2006/N-CP th cc hot ng khong sn nh l cn li nh cc m nh, cc im khai thc
l va, khai thc tn thu, cc cng trng khai thc th cng,... phi lp Bn CKBVMT. S lng
cc d n ny kh ln v a phn do cc a phng qun l, nhng cho ti nay cha c mt vn
bn hng dn chi tit no cho vic xy dng Bn CKBVMT ca cc d n loi ny. lm c
s php l trong qu trnh xy dng v ph duyt Bn CKBVMT, cn thit bin son hng dn
chi tit ny. Bn hng dn c xy dng trn c s Lut Bo v Mi trng, Ngh nh
80/2006/N-CP v Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT.
Bn hng dn s gii thiu chi tit cc ni dung k thut c bn theo tinh thn ca cc
vn bn ni trn theo trnh t lp Bn CKBVMT cho cc d n khai thc khong sn rn.
Trong qu trnh thc hin, p dng vo thc t nu c kh khn, vng mc xin kp thi
phn nh v V Thm nh v nh gi tc ng mi trng - B Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
a ch:
Ni.
2) Khai thc khong sn rn khng s dng ha cht, c cng sut thit k theo khi lng
m (bao gm khong sn v t thi) di 100.000m3/nm.
3) D n ch bin khong sn rn c cng sut thit k di 50.000tn sn phm/nm.
Bn hng dn ny gii thiu chi tit nhng ni dung c bn ca Bn CKBVMT chung
cho cc d n khai thc khong sn ni trn. Trong qu trnh s dng, c th vn dng cc ni
dung thch hp ty theo iu kin t nhin, k thut c th ca d n.
4) Cam kt ca ch u t v vic thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim, x l cht
thi v tun th cc quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng.
2.1.2. Ch u t.
Tn c nhn hoc c quan lm ch u t d n, nu l lin doanh, lin kt th cng ghi y
tn cc thnh phn trong lin doanh. Nu c tn chung th ghi theo tn chung y v tn vit
tt bng ting Vit v ting Anh (nu c), th d:
Cng ty Lin doanh Khai thc Ch bin Khong sn Ni Pho tn ting Anh l Nui Phao
Mining Joint Venture Company Ltd. vit tt l NUIPHAOVICA.
2.1.3. a ch lin h
a ch lin h chnh thc ca C quan doanh nghip, ca Ch d n v ca Vn phng i
din (nu c) :
1) Tr s chnh : Cng ty TNHH ....., X... , Huyn..., Tnh... (S nh. Ph Phng.
Qun.. Thnh ph..).
in thoi .. Fax .. Email...
2) Vn phng i din : S nh. Ph. Phng. Qun... Thnh ph ...).
in thoi ... Fax ... Email...
2.3. Quy m d n.
Yu cu :
Bn CKBVMT phi gii thiu tm lc cc ni dung v ti nguyn tr lng, bin gii khai
trng, quy m sn lng, tui th ca m cng nh cng ngh khai thc, phng tin- thit b s
dng v cc nhu cu v nguyn nhin vt liu cn thit cho d n.
24.179 tn.
Cp 121 = 22.515 tn
Cp 122 = 1.664 tn
23.625 tn.
Cp 121 = 21.266 tn
Cp 122 = 1.359 tn
1 Km
, tn/nm
1 r
Do vy vi trng hp trn, sn lng m tnh theo khong sn trong nguyn khi s l :
1 r
1 0,07
= 5.000
Aqn = Aq
= 4.895 tn/nm (vi h s tn tht v lm ngho qung
1 0,05
1 Km
trong qu trnh khai thc tng ng l Km = 0,05, r = 0,07 )
Aq = Aqn
Sn lng t :
A = Ktb.Aqn 41 ng.m3/nm
23.625
Thi gian khai thc thun tu ca m l : Tk =
= 4,8 nm
4.895
Tui th ca m l :
6, 1 nm.
Trong :
Txd = 0,5 nm
Tsx = 4,8 nm
Tk = 0,8 nm
THI K
XY DNG M
KHAI THC M
Chun b mt bng
d n
V sinh
Thu dn
Di di
Xy dng
cng nghip
San gt
Xy dng
M va
khong sng
M ng ra vo
m v bi thi
Tho kh
Tho
kh
Lp t
thit b
Bc mt phn
t ph
Tho kh
v thot nc m
To mt bng
cng tc u tin
Bc t ph
Khoan n
Xc bc
Thu hi
Khong sn
Khoan n
Vn ti
Xc bc
Thi
Vn ti
Gia cng ch bin
ti m
Loi b tp
cht
Nghin p
Cht kho
thnh phm
Phn loi
NG CA M
No vt tn thu
ti nguyn
Th cng kt hp
c gii
Tho d
San lp
xy p
10
Trng cy
Trong s cng ngh khai thc qung, i khi khu gia cng ch bin ti m ch c sng phn
loi v ra s b trc khi ch v nh my tuyn tinh ch khng c khu nghin p, t ph
cng c trng hp c th xc bc trc tip m khng cn khoan n, cng tng t nh vy i
vi qung.
Trong khai thc than , mt b phn kh ln than nguyn khai c th tiu th trc tip m
khng cn qua ch bin. Phn cn li th phi qua ch bin loi b tp cht (hu ht bng nht
th cng trn bng ti) sau qua sng phn loi cc loi than theo yu cu ca cht lng
thng phm. Mt s trng hp khng nhiu c cng on nghin p pha trn tn dng cc
loi than c tro ln v nhit lng thp.
i vi vic khai thc xy dng, cc m min Bc, do c cu to dng ni cao nn
trong s cng ngh khng c (hoc c khng ng k) 2 khu tho kh thot nc m v bc
t ph. Khu thi cc tp cht sau khi sng p phn loi c nhng khng nhiu. Trong khi cc
m min Nam, c bit l khu ng Nai v Bnh Dng, phn ln u nm su di lp t
ph t, do vy trong cng ngh khai thc c thm 2 khu tho kh thot nc m v bc t
ph. c im ca cng ngh khai thc xy dng l khu gia cng ch bin ch yu nm trn
m v thuc m qun l, khu ny thng c nhiu cng on hn so vi cc m qung v
than, thng thng phi s dng quy trnh sng p 2 hay 3 giai on phn loi thnh phm.
Thot nc
Khoan, n mn
Xc bc
Vn ti
Tiu th
Bi thi t ph
11
Khi khai thc xy dng th cng ngh khai thc tng i n gin, tuy nhin khu
khoan n mn v ch bin li chim khi lng cng vic ln nht trong dy chuyn cng ngh.
Khu sng tuyn nhm mc ch phn loi sn phm (hnh 2).
TT
Tn thit b
M hiu
n v
S lng
Nc sn
xut
Nm sn
xut
2.4. Tc ng ca d n n mi trng
Yu cu : Bn CKBVMT cn d bo y cc loi cht thi pht sinh cng nh thi
lng v thnh phn ca chng; cn pht hin v nh gi y cc tc ng do s xi mn,
12
trt, st, l, ln t; s xi l b sng, b sui, b h; s bi lng lng sng, lng sui, lng h;
s thay i mc nc mt, nc di t; xm nhp mn; xm nhp phn; s bin i vi kh hu;
s suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng; s bin i a dng sinh hc v cc yu t khc khi trin
khai thc hin d n ti mi trng khu vc thc hin d n.
mg/m3
13
Trong khong
1,6 68
0,4 13
Trung bnh
12
5,7
H s k n kch thc bi k
( Theo Air Chief, chng 13, Fugitive Dust Sources )
Kch thc bi, micron
H s k
<30
0,8
3015
0,5
1510
0,36
105
0,2
52,5
0,095
- N mn khai thc
0,40 kg bi/tn qung
- Xc bc
0,17
-nt- Nghin p
0,14
-nt- Vn chuyn
0,134
-ntNgoi ra, trong hot ng khai thc m , trong qu trnh lm vic thit b my mc thng
pht ra ting n ting n vt tiu chun cho php, c bit l ting n pht ra do n mn thng
c cng rt ln v c kh nng lan truyn rt xa do vy c kh nng nh hng xu ti sc
khe con ngi v i sng ca ng vt hoang d ti cc khu vc xung quanh im n. S dng
m hnh d bo lan truyn ting n s cho php xc nh c phm vi nh hng ca ting n v
t c th a ra cc bin php gim thiu v m bo an ton cho con ngi.
Cng thc ton hc lm c s cho m hnh l cng thc xc nh n ti mt im c
khong cch d (m) so vi ngun pht ra ting n:
(5.7)
Li = Lp - Ld - Lc - Lcx ; dB
Trong :
Li: Mc n ti im tnh ton cch ngun gy n khong cch d (m).
Lp: Mc n o c ti ngun gy n (cch 1,5m).
Ld: Mc n gim theo khong cch d tn s i.
Ld = 20 lg[(r2 / r1 )1+ a ] ; dB
(5.8)
(5.9)
15
Cht thi rn ca m bao gm 2 ngun: (i) t thi ca m; (ii) rc thi cng nghip v
sinh hot.
t thi ca m thng c khi lng ln gp nhiu ln so vi khi lng khong sn
thu hi c. Khi lng ny d dng xc nh chnh xc c trong qu trnh lp d n.
Rc thi cng nghip v sinh hot trn m bao gm bao b cc loi vt t thit b my mc bng
kim loi, g, cactng, giy, cht do,...; st thp vn; v ng thc n, dng sinh hot cng
nhn, thc phm d tha,....v cc u thi t ngi. Trong s ny c bit ch ti mt s cht
thi rn c hi nh gi lau du m, acquy hng, ch kim loi, bng n n-ng hng, cc bng
mch in t hng... Thi lng cc loi ny c xc nh gn ng theo kinh nghim, theo
thng k hoc theo nh mc.
4) Cht thi khc
Cc cht thi khc (nu c) cng cn lit k y cc thng tin v ngun pht sinh, tng
lng pht sinh trn mt n v thi gian, thnh phn cht thi v hm lng (hoc nng ) ca
tng thnh phn.
2.4.2. Cc tc ng khc
c im ca khai thc l phi chim dng mt din tch t ai kh ln m khai
trng, lm bi thi v xy dng cc cng trnh ph tr phc v cho khai thc m.
Vic m khai trng v t thi ca khi thc trc tip v gin tip lm bin
dng mt cch ng k a mo v cnh quan khu vc, c bit l i vi nhng vng c tim
nng du lch.
16
- Mi loi cht thi pht sinh u phi c km theo bin php x l tng ng, thuyt minh
v mc kh thi, hiu qu x l. Trong trng hp khng th c bin php hoc c nhng kh
kh thi trong khun kh ca d n phi nu r l do v c kin ngh c th cc c quan lin
quan c hng gii quyt, quyt nh.
- Phi c chng minh rng, sau khi p dng bin php th cc cht thi s c x l n
mc no, c so snh, i chiu vi cc tiu chun, quy chun, quy nh hin hnh. Trng hp
khng p ng c yu cu quy nh th phi nu r l do v c nhng kin ngh c th cc
c quan lin quan c hng gii quyt, quyt nh.
19
20
Kt hp vi chnh quyn a phng, tng cng cng tc gio dc v bin php qun l.
21