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IMRAD

The Format for Scientific Writing

What is IMRAD?
Title Contact info Abstract, keywords Body of paper:
Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion

Acknowledgements Literature Cited

Why is it used?
Allows experts to rapidly scan through thousands of journal articles to find relevant material. Allows readers to quickly find what interests them.

Title, Contact info, Abstract, Keywords

Contact info of authors Abstract summary of IMRAD Keywords used for search engines

Introduction
Previous studies Question, Hypothesis

Materials and Methods


What was done With what How

Results
Data: Figures and tables No interpretation

Discussion
Reasons for results Compare with other studies Future studies

Acknowledgements Literature Cited


Funding Reviewers

Primary sources

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