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Plcsiemenstrainingnotes 090415065750 Phpapp01
Plcsiemenstrainingnotes 090415065750 Phpapp01
Plcsiemenstrainingnotes 090415065750 Phpapp01
PLC history
Classical control - More complicated
- Longer time for maintenance - Time consuming troubleshooting - Occupies larger area in switchboards - Requires more wiring - Standard reliability
History
Large projects requirements
History
Historical view
Course contents
Introduction to PLC Bit logic compare Timers Counters Memory instructions Analog I/O Move , shift Practical examples
Introduction
What is a PLC
Introduction
Basic PLC operation
introduction
S7 200 family
introduction
S7-200 configuration
introduction
S7-200 configuration mode switch and analog adjustment
introduction
S7-200 configuration optional cartidge
Introduction
S7-200 configuration expansion modules
Introduction
S7-200 configuration status indicator
Introduction
S7-200 configuration I/O numbering
Introduction
S7-200 configuration inputs
Introduction
S7-200 configuration outputs
Introduction
S7-200 configuration programming software
Analogue I/O
= Typical analogue signals from 0-10 VDC or 4-20 mA = They are used to represent changing values such as speed, temperature, weight and level
Introduction
Analogue outputs may be used to produce variable reference signals for devices such as: # Control valves # Chart recorders # Electric motor drives # Pressure transducers # Analogue meters
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
PLC Programming
Programming languages
Ladder diagram The ladder diagram is the most popular programming language The instructions are represented by graphic symbols: Contacts, Coils & Boxes
Statement list
Function block
Instructions
Standard instructions: They are used in most programs. Examples: timer, counter, math, logical, incr., decr. and move Special instructions: They are used to manipulate data Shift, table, conversion, real time instruction. High speed instructions: They allow for events and interrupts to occur independently of the PLC scan time.
Output instructions
Output Instruction
No Operation instruction
Set (N bits) instruction Reset (N bits) instruction Set Immediate (N bits) instruction Reset Immediate (N bits) instruction
Starting a motor
O.L. contact Circuit Breaker Contactor Thermal Overload Induction Motor Stop Aux. contact
Star t
Contact coil
Induction Motor
Using PLC
Before start
Starting
After start
Stopping
Timer instructions
On-Delay Timer
Off-Delay Timer
They count time when the enabling input (IN) is ON. When the current value (Txxx) is > the preset time (PT), the timer bit is ON.
The On-Delay timer current value is cleared when (IN) is OFF, while the current value of the Retentive On-Delay Timer is maintained.
You can use the Retentive On-Delay Timer to accumulate time for multiple periods of the input ON.
Off-Delay timer
The Off-Delay Timer is used to delay turning an output OFF for a fixed period of time after the input turns OFF. When (IN) turns ON, the timer bit turns ON immediately, and the current value is set to 0. When (IN) turns OFF, the timer counts till PT and the timer bit turns OFF and the current value stops counting. If the input is OFF for a time shorter than PT, the timer bit remains ON.
Note
You cannot share the same timer numbers for TOF and TON. For example, you cannot have both a TON T32 and a TOF T32.
Timer examples
On-Delay
Retentive On-Delay
Off-Delay
Timer example
TONR example
Timer example
Counter instructions
Up counter
Up/down counter
Down counter
A bottling machine, for example, may use a counter to count bottles into groups of six for packaging.
Up-counter
It counts up on the rising edges of the Count Up (CU) input. When the current value (Cxxx) > (PV), the counter bit (Cxxx) turns on. The counter is reset when the Reset (R) input turns on.
Up/Down counter
It counts up on rising edges of the Count Up (CU) input. It counts down on the rising edges of the Count Down (CD) input. When the current value (Cxxx) > (PV), the counter bit (Cxxx) turns on. The counter is reset when the Reset (R) input turns on.
Down counter
It counts down from the PV on the rising edges of the (CD) input . When the current value is equal to zero, the counter bit (Cxxx) turns on. The counter resets the counter bit (Cxxx) and loads the current value with the (PV) when the load input (LD) turns on.
Down-counter example
Up/down-counter example
Counter example
A counter might be used to keep track of the number of vehicles in a parking lot. As vehicles enter the lot through an entrance gate, the counter counts up. As vehicles exit the lot through an exit gate, the counter counts down. When the lot is full a sign at the entrance gate turns on indicating the lot is full.
Memory types
You can access data in many CPU memory areas - process image input register (I) - process image output register (Q) - variable memory area (V) - Bit memory area (M) - sequence control relay memory area (S) - special memory bits (SM) - local memory area (L) - Timer memory area (T) - counter memory area (C) - Analog inputs (AI)
Memory addressing
Accessing a Bit of Data in the CPU Memory (Byte.bit Addressing)
Memory addressing
You can access data in many CPU memory areas (V, I, Q, M, S, L, and SM) as: bytes, words, or double words by using the byte-address format.
Memory types
Process-image input register (I)
Format: Bit Byte, Word, Double Word Format: Bit Byte, Word, Double Word I[byte address].[bit address] I0.1 I[size][starting byte address] IB4
Format:
Bit Byte, Word, Double Word V[byte address].[bit address] V10.2 V[size][starting byte address] VW100
Memory types
Sequence control relay area (S)
They are used to organize machine operations or steps into equivalent program segments. SCRs allow logical segmentation of the control Format: Bit S[byte address].[bit address] S3.1 Byte, Word, Double Word S[size][starting byte address] SB4
Memory types
Local memory area (L)
The S7-200 PLCs provide 64 bytes of local (L) memory of which 60 can be used as scratchpad memory or for passing formal parameters to subroutines. Format: Bit L [byte address].[bit address] L0.0 Byte, Word, Double Word L [size] [starting byte address] LB33
Memory types
Analog inputs (AI)
The S7-200 converts a real-world, analog value (such as temperature or voltage) into a word-length (16-bit) digital value. You access these values by the area identifier (AI), size of the data (W), and the starting byte address. Since analog inputs are words and always start on even-number bytes (such as 0, 2, or 4), you access them with evennumber byte addresses (such as AIW0, AIW2, or AIW4),as shown in Figure Analog input values are read-only values.
Format: AIW [starting byte address] AIW4
Memory types
Analog outputs (AQ)
The S7-200 converts a word-length (16-bit) digital value into a current or voltage, proportional to the digital value (such as for a current or voltage). You write these values by the area identifier (AQ), size of the data (W), and the starting by address. Since analog outputs are words and always start on even-number bytes (such as 0, 2, or 4), you write them with even-number byte addresses (AQW0, AQW2, AQW4),
Move instructions
The Move Byte instruction moves the input byte (IN) to the output byte (OUT). The input byte is not altered by the move. The Move Word instruction moves the input word (IN) to the output word (OUT). The input word is not altered by the move. The Move Double Word instruction moves the input double word (IN) to the output double word (OUT). The input double word is not altered by the move.
The Move Real instruction moves a 32-bit, real input double word (IN) to the output double word (OUT). The input double word is not altered by the move.
The Move Byte Immediate Read instruction reads physical input IN and writes the result in OUT.
The Move Byte Immediate Write instruction reads from location IN and writes to physical output OUT.
Analogue I/O
= Typical analogue signals from 0-10 VDC or 4-20 mA = They are used to represent changing values such as speed, temperature, weight and level =The expansion module converts the standard voltage and current values to 12-bit digital representation. These digital values are transferred to the PLC for use in its program
Analogue outputs may be used to produce variable reference signals for devices such as: # Control valves # Chart recorders # Electric motor drives # Pressure transducers # Analogue meters