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Day-02 - GSM Network Architecture
Day-02 - GSM Network Architecture
Day-02 - GSM Network Architecture
2009-April
GSM Architecture
1 2 GSM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE........................................................................................................................2 NETWORK SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM (NSS) ...........................................................................................................3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3 Home Location Register................................................................................................................................................4 Mobile Switching Center and Visitor Location Register ..............................................................................................4 Authentication Center....................................................................................................................................................4 Equipment Identity Register..........................................................................................................................................5 Gateway MSC ...............................................................................................................................................................5 GSM Interworking Unit/Function .................................................................................................................................5 Message Service Gateway.............................................................................................................................................5 Flexible Numbering Register ........................................................................................................................................5
BASE STATION SUBSYSTEM (BSS) ............................................................................................................................5 3.1 3.2 3.3 Base Transceiver Station ...............................................................................................................................................5 Base Station Controller .................................................................................................................................................5 Transcoder/Rate Adaptation Unit..................................................................................................................................6
NETWORK MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM (NMS) ...................................................................................................7 4.1 4.2 4.3 Operation and Support System......................................................................................................................................7 Message Center (MXE).................................................................................................................................................7 Mobile Intelligent Service Node ...................................................................................................................................7
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Ref: Wireless Communications Systems and Networks, By Mullett, Thomson Publisher Note: The solid lines are for user traffic plus control signalling, if any. The dotted lines represent control/management signalling/messaging only. AUC BSC BSS BTS EIR IMEI FNR GMSC HLR ISDN IWF ILR IWMSC MS MSC NSS OSS PDN PSTN SMS VLR Authentication Center Base Station Controller Base Station Subsystem Base Transceiver System (Antenna System + Radio Base Station) Equipment Identification Register (for IMEI verification) International Mobile Equipment Identity Flexible Numbering Register (for number portability) Gateway MSC Home Location Register Integrated Services Digital Network Interworking Function Interworking Location Register (for roaming between AMPS and GSM system) Interworking MSC Mobile Station Mobile Switching Center Network Switching Subsystem Operation and Support System Public Data Network Public Switched Telephone Network Short Message Service Visitor Location Register
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The figure below depicts only the basic elements of the network architecture.
http://didactiekinf.uhasselt.be/tt/Documents/TheorieSlides/GSM%20architecture.pdf
The GSM divides the infrastructure into the following three parts. Network Switching Subsystems (NSS) Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Network Management Subsystem (NMS) If we count the Mobile Station (MS) or cell-phone is the 4th element. Any telecommunications network requires some kind of NMS. A part of NMS is generic for any telecom system. The billing and messaging are two examples. The core of the NSS is the MSC (Mobile Switching Center) which is basically a PSTN switch with mobility management related enhancement/add-on. The BSS is entirely new (compared to PSTN) that are required for wireless access and mobility. The following sections of this document provide an overview of the network elements and their functions. The role of these elements will be clearer as we learn more.
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Information of currently attached mobile stations o IMSI/TMSI numbers o MSISDN/MSRN numbers o Security triple (authentication and encryption information) o Location Area Identity (where the mobile station is currently located) List of base stations that belong to this MSC/VLR (by their BSIC or Base Station Identity Code) List of location areas that belong to this MSC/VLR (by their LAI or Location Area Identity code)
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Database (Subscriber) Associated IMSI (Primary key) Paging Groups Database (Network) MSC Address List of Paging Groups List of LAI List of BSIC List of Cell ID (CI)
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/wireless/moblwrls/cmx/mmg_sg/cmxgsm.htm
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