POWER SYSTEM OPERATION

1.Define Spinning reserve 2.What is the need for load forecasting? 3.Give the expression for linear regression model of forecasting. 4.Give the ARMA model for forecasting. 5.What is meant by crew constraints in UC problem. 6.What are the assumptions made in dynamic programming method for UC problem. 7.What are coupling constraints in dual optimization problem? 8.What is the disadvantage of dynamic programming method of solution for unit commitment . 9.Give the formula for the calculating the gradient of a vector. 10.What is meant by long range hydrothermal scheduling and short term hydrothermal scheduling? 11.What are the main reasons for interconnecting power systems with neighboring areas? 12.What is meant by feasible state in Dynamic programming method of UC problem

1.List out the various constraints in Unit commitment problem and explain the procedure to be adopted for solving UC problem using priority listing method. 2. Problems in UC (priority listing) Construct a priority list for the units. 3.Write short notes on 1.Wheeling 2.Power Pools 3.Energy Broking system 4.Explain the steps to be followed to co-ordinate the operations of two power systems. 5.Explain the lagrangian multipliers method of solution for UC problem 6.Clearly explain the various types of interchange of power 7.Problems in unit 5