6.

002x
The Operational Amplifier Abstraction

CIRCUITS AND ELECTRONICS

Chapter 15 of the textbook

1

Two big aha moments in this sequence

Review our Previous Amplifier Abstraction

MOSFET amplifier 3 ports Amplifier abstraction

Amplifier Building Block

vI

vO
Function of vI

Operational Amplifier Op Amp

Circuit model of Op Amp (ideal):

vI

+ +

vO

Using it

i+ = 0

vO
v+

Demo

+
v

vO

i = 0

Av

vO

vI

Let us build a circuit: noninverting amplifier

vI

+ +

i+ = 0

vO

+ v

v+

vO
+

Av

Abstract Op Amp

i = 0

Equivalent circuit of Op Amp

Let us analyze the circuit:

Find vO in terms of vI
vI
+

i+ 0 = i 0 =

v+

vO

+ A(v + v )

R1

R2

Lets see When A is large

Demo
3

Why did this (temp insensitivity) happen? Our next Aha! Insight:

v+
+

vI

R
i =0
R

Question: How to control a high-strung device?

Antilock brakes

Its all about control!

Another cool op amp insight:

Observe, under negative feedback,

Insightful analysis method under negative feedback the virtual short method

i+ 0 i 0 v+ v

vO

vI +

R1

R2
2

Question: What does this circuit do? v+ + v

+

vO

Why is this circuit useful?

vO

vI +

vO vI

Inverting amplifier
+ v

i+ = 0
v+
+

vO

Av

i = 0

v v
+

vO

Inverting amplifier

vI

+ +

i+ = 0

vO

vO

+ v

v+
+

Av

Abstract Op Amp

i = 0

v v
+

vO

vO

v
v+

A(v + v )

Let us analyze the circuit:

Find vO in terms of vI
+
vI
R2

R1

v v
+

vO
+

A(v + v )

Inverting Amplifier analysis using virtual short

v+ v
R1

R2

v v+

vO

vI +

Inverting amplifier input resistance

R1
R2

R1 R2

v v
vO
+

vO
+

v v+

A(v + v )

vO =

AvI R1 R1 + R2 + AR2

Inverting amplifier input resistance

R1
R2

R1 R2

Hard way!
vI

v v

v
+
vO

vO
+

vI

A(v + v )

vO =

AvI R1 R1 + R2 + AR2

Inverting amplifier input resistance using virtual short method

Easy way!

R1 R2
v v
+

vO

vI +